CN105245101A - High-efficiency photovoltaic power optimizer serial topology circuit and control method thereof - Google Patents
High-efficiency photovoltaic power optimizer serial topology circuit and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105245101A CN105245101A CN201510720676.2A CN201510720676A CN105245101A CN 105245101 A CN105245101 A CN 105245101A CN 201510720676 A CN201510720676 A CN 201510720676A CN 105245101 A CN105245101 A CN 105245101A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimizer serial topology circuit. The circuit comprises photovoltaic arrays, optimizers and an inductor. The output end of each photovoltaic array is connected in parallel with one optimizer, all the optimizers are successively connected in series in an end-to-end mode to form an optimizer assembly string, and the optimizer assembly string is connected with the input end of an inverter via the inductor and a third switch tube. According to the invention, the optimizers share one inductor so that deviations in maximum power point tracking due to instability of the optimizers can be inhibited, at the same time, the volume of the overall inductor is reduced, materials are reduced, and the manufacturing cost is decreased; and the output line of the optimizer assembly string is provided with the third switch tube, when circuit currents tend to flow back or the currents are zero, the third switch tube is switched off, the currents flow through a third diode, voltage reduction loss of diodes of the circuit is enabled to be eliminated as much as possible when the currents are not interrupted, and the system efficiency is improved. The invention further discloses a control method of a high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimizer serial topology circuit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of new energies, particularly a kind of high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit and control method thereof.
Background technology
Photovoltaic power optimizer is mainly used in the photovoltaic plant adopting multiple photovoltaic module connection in series-parallel form.Photovoltaic power optimizer is to solve the problem causing inverter inefficiency when maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is carried out in part or all of assembly unification because of each inter-module existence difference in power station.Adding the structure after photovoltaic power optimizer is after one piece or several pieces of photovoltaic modulies are first carried out connection in series-parallel by original inverter front end, the direct current conversion of DC/DC is carried out by photovoltaic power optimizer, the AC/DC conversion of DC/AC is realized again by inverter, thus can realize one piece of the access of its front end of photovoltaic power optimizer or the unified MPPT of several pieces of photovoltaic modulies, whole audience various piece independently MPPT can be obtained like this, thus can be provided in photovoltaic module state inconsistent time obtain the whole audience relatively high-output power.But photovoltaic power optimizer to be set up in photovoltaic generating system, the construction cost of system can be increased, and will multi-stage power conversion be carried out, can circuit efficiency be reduced, thus make the systems generate electricity amount when photovoltaic module state is approximate may not rise counter falling.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides the high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit that a kind of cost is low, circuit efficiency is high, and a kind of control method of high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit is provided.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problem is: a kind of high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit, comprise photovoltaic array, optimizer, inductance, the output of each photovoltaic array and an optimizer parallel connection, the two ends of all optimizers are connected in series formation optimizer component string successively, and described optimizer component string is connected to the input of inverter after inductance.
In above-mentioned high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit, described optimizer comprises the first switching tube, second switch pipe, first diode, second diode and the first electric capacity, described first electric capacity is in parallel with photovoltaic array, the grid access drive circuit of the first switching tube, the drain electrode of the first switching tube is connected with one end of the first electric capacity, the positive pole of the first diode is connected with the source electrode of the first switching tube, the negative pole of the first diode is connected with the drain electrode of the first switching tube, the grid access drive circuit of second switch pipe, the source electrode of second switch pipe is connected with the other end of the first electric capacity, the positive pole of the second diode is connected with the source electrode of second switch pipe, the negative pole of the second diode is connected with the drain electrode of second switch pipe, next optimizer is connected to after the drain electrode of second switch pipe is connected with the source electrode of the first switching tube.
In above-mentioned high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit, the 3rd switching tube is provided with between described inductance and the input of inverter, 3rd switching tube comprises switch and is attempted by the 3rd diode of switch ends, the positive pole of the 3rd diode is connected with inductance, and the negative pole of the 3rd diode is connected with the input of inverter.
A control method for above-mentioned high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit, comprises the following steps:
Step one: control drive circuit by PWM, drive that the first switching tube is opened, second switch pipe closes, now circuit enters mode I, and circuital current passes through from the first switching tube, the external power output of photovoltaic array;
Step 2: requirement PWM controlled according to photovoltaic module MPPT maximum power point tracking and after terminating mode I, drive the first switching tube closedown, the closedown of second switch pipe, now circuit enters mode II, circuital current passes through from the fly-wheel diode of second switch pipe, photovoltaic array is power output not, circuit is in freewheeling state, and the second diode exists power loss;
Step 3: at the end of mode II, control the first switching tube closedown, second switch pipe is open-minded, now circuit enters mode III, circuital current passes through from second switch pipe, photovoltaic array is power output not, and circuit is in freewheeling state, and the second diode does not exist power loss;
Step 4: requirement PWM controlled according to photovoltaic module MPPT maximum power point tracking and after terminating mode III, control the first switching tube closedown, the closedown of second switch pipe, now circuit enters mode II again, circuital current passes through from the fly-wheel diode of second switch pipe, photovoltaic array is power output not, circuit is in freewheeling state, and the second diode exists power loss; So far, a control cycle of photovoltaic power optimizer is completed;
Step 5: repeat step one to step 4, the sequential arrangement making photovoltaic power optimizer enter mode in each control cycle is followed successively by mode I-mode II-mode III-mode II.
The control method of above-mentioned high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit, also comprises the rate-determining steps of the 3rd switching tube:
1, judge that the 3rd switching tube belongs to half control type device or wholly-controled device, if half control type device, then keep triggering the conducting of the 3rd switching tube, if wholly-controled device, then enter next step;
When 2, making all optimizers all open, the current value that circuit there will be refluence within the current detecting cycle is the electric current of critical value, testing circuit, decision circuitry electric current, whether higher than this critical value, if so, then controls the 3rd switching tube conducting, if not, then control the 3rd switching tube and disconnect.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, all storage capacitor is not set in each optimizer output of the present invention, reduce the cost of photovoltaic power optimizer, and generally need owing to using storage capacitor to use electrochemical capacitor, and the life-span of electrochemical capacitor is usually the shortest in whole circuit, thus improve system reliability and life-span simultaneously;
2, each optimizer of the present invention shares an inductance, the unstable deviation for maximal power tracing of optimizer can be stabilized, the resistance of inductance is little, improve circuit efficiency, replace each discrete inductance can obtain less overall inductance volume with a shared inductance simultaneously, saved material, reduced cost of manufacture, manufacture craft is also simpler;
3, the present invention is provided with the 3rd switching tube with the 3rd diode on optimizer component string outlet line, when there is the possibility of refluence in circuital current or electric current is zero, 3rd switching tube turns off, electric current is flow through by the 3rd diode, make circuit there is no diode tube pressuring drop loss when electric current is not interrupted as far as possible, improve system effectiveness;
4, the present invention depends on the control of the 3rd switching tube, the second switch pipe of optimizer is made to allow the conducting when electric current afterflow and there will not be electric current backflow, greatly reduce the diode tube pressuring drop loss of each optimizer circuit when electric current afterflow, improve system effectiveness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of prior art.
Fig. 2 is circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of mode I of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of mode II of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of mode III of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 2, high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit comprises photovoltaic array 1, optimizer 2, inductance 4, output and an optimizer 2 of each photovoltaic array 1 are in parallel, the two ends of all optimizers 2 are connected in series formation optimizer component string successively, described optimizer component string is connected to the input of inverter after inductance 4, the 3rd switching tube, 3rd switching tube comprises switch 3 and is attempted by the 3rd diode 5 at switch 3 two ends, the positive pole of the 3rd diode 5 is connected with inductance 4, and the negative pole of the 3rd diode 5 is connected with the input of inverter.
Each optimizer 2 comprises the first switching tube 6, second switch pipe 7, first diode 8, second diode 9 and the first electric capacity 10, described first electric capacity 10 is in parallel with photovoltaic array 1, the grid access drive circuit of the first switching tube 6, the drain electrode of the first switching tube 6 is connected with one end of the first electric capacity 10, the positive pole of the first diode 8 is connected with the source electrode of the first switching tube 6, the negative pole of the first diode 8 is connected with the drain electrode of the first switching tube 6, the grid access drive circuit of second switch pipe 7, the source electrode of second switch pipe 7 is connected with the other end of the first electric capacity 10, the positive pole of the second diode 9 is connected with the source electrode of second switch pipe 7, the negative pole of the second diode 9 is connected with the drain electrode of second switch pipe 7, next optimizer is connected to after the drain electrode of second switch pipe 7 is connected with the source electrode of the first switching tube 6.
When photovoltaic power optimizer have employed classical Buck circuit form, its rear end needs to arrange storage capacitor (see figure 1), in the present invention without the need to arranging this electric capacity, thus the cost of photovoltaic power optimizer is reduced, and generally need owing to using storage capacitor to use electrochemical capacitor, and the life-span of electrochemical capacitor is usually the shortest in whole circuit, thus improve system reliability and life-span simultaneously;
In high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit, due to the inductance of each Buck circuit is replaced to an inductance 4, because there is relation in inductance 4: L ∝ n
2v(wherein n is coil turn, and V is inductance volume), and there is approximation relation R ∝ nV in inductive resistance
(2/3), thus have L/R ∝ nV
(1/3)if namely can obtain conclusion and keep total inductance value certain, then L/R value is larger so to replace each discrete inductance with a shared inductance, and thus inductive resistance is less, makes circuit system efficiency improve like this, simultaneously because relation L ∝ n
2v, under maintenance inductance total inductance is worth constant prerequisite, replaces each discrete inductance can obtain less overall inductance volume with a shared inductance, thus more saves material, also more simple in manufacture craft, reduces system hardware cost.
A control method for above-mentioned high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit, comprises the following steps:
Under normal output power state:
Step one: controlled by PWM, drive that the first switching tube is opened, second switch pipe closes, now circuit enters mode I, and circuital current passes through from the first switching tube, the external power output of photovoltaic array;
Step 2: requirement PWM controlled according to photovoltaic module MPPT maximum power point tracking and after terminating mode I, drive the first switching tube closedown, the closedown of second switch pipe, now circuit enters mode II(mode II is an intermediate state preventing short circuit, its duration is fixed and extremely short, such as switching control frequency 43kHz, there were 255 calibration in one cycle, then this state for time is about (43000 × 255)
(-1)≈ 91.2ns), circuital current passes through from the fly-wheel diode of second switch pipe, and photovoltaic array is power output not, and circuit is in freewheeling state, and the second diode exists power loss;
Step 3: at the end of circuit is to the duration of step 2, control the first switching tube closedown, second switch pipe is open-minded, now circuit enters mode III, circuital current passes through from second switch pipe, photovoltaic array is power output not, circuit is in freewheeling state, and the second diode does not exist power loss;
Step 4: requirement PWM controlled according to photovoltaic module MPPT maximum power point tracking and after terminating mode III, control the first switching tube closedown, the closedown of second switch pipe, now circuit again enters the duration and fixes and extremely short mode II, circuital current passes through from the fly-wheel diode of second switch pipe, photovoltaic array is power output not, circuit is in freewheeling state, and the second diode exists power loss; So far, a control cycle of photovoltaic power optimizer is completed;
Step 5: repeat step one to step 4, the sequential arrangement making photovoltaic power optimizer enter mode in each control cycle is followed successively by mode I-mode II-mode III-mode II.
Under malfunction, the first switching tube 6 remains open, and second switch pipe 7 stays open.
In whole control procedure, the existence of mode II is in order to when preventing mode I, III from switching, the first switching tube 6, second switch pipe 7 are opened and caused the of short duration intermediate state of short circuit simultaneously, the prevailing operating state of circuit is based on mode I and mode III, like this, line current i can as far as possible by second switch pipe 7 but not the second diode 9 in afterflow process, reduces line current and flows through the loss that the second diode 9 causes.
The control method of above-mentioned high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit, also comprises the rate-determining steps of the 3rd switching tube:
1, judge that the 3rd switching tube belongs to half control type device or wholly-controled device, if half control type device, then keep triggering the conducting of the 3rd switching tube, if wholly-controled device, then enter next step;
When 2, making all optimizers all open, the current value that circuit there will be refluence within the current detecting cycle is the electric current of critical value, testing circuit, decision circuitry electric current, whether higher than this critical value, if so, then controls the 3rd switching tube conducting, if not, then control the 3rd switching tube and disconnect.
For classical Buck circuit existence electric current afterflow process as shown in Figure 1, now freewheel current i flows through diode, because the existence of diode tube pressuring drop causes loss, if and this diode is replaced to the switching tube of subsidiary diode, so in the conducting of electric current freewheeling period, then can there is current reflux problem because of electric current cannot be ensured not interrupted; In the present invention, optimizer component string outlet line has added the 3rd switching tube with the 3rd diode 5, when there is the possibility of refluence in current i or electric current is zero, 3rd switching tube turns off, electric current is flow through by the 3rd diode 5, circuit is made not have diode tube pressuring drop loss when electric current is not interrupted as far as possible, in addition, even if there is diode tube pressuring drop loss, because the summation of the tube voltage drop loss ratio classical Buck fly-wheel diode tube voltage drop loss of the 3rd diode 5 is little, thus increase system efficiency.Control for the 3rd switching tube is to make circuital current as far as possible when circulating by the 3rd switching tube instead of by with the 3rd switching tube and the 3rd diode 5 connect, flow through to reduce circuital current the loss that the 3rd diode 5 causes, but there will not be the situation of electric current adverse current.
Claims (5)
1. a high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit, it is characterized in that: comprise photovoltaic array, optimizer, inductance, the output of each photovoltaic array and an optimizer parallel connection, the two ends of all optimizers are connected in series formation optimizer component string successively, and described optimizer component string is connected to the input of inverter after inductance.
2. high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described optimizer comprises the first switching tube, second switch pipe, first diode, second diode and the first electric capacity, described first electric capacity is in parallel with photovoltaic array, the grid access drive circuit of the first switching tube, the drain electrode of the first switching tube is connected with one end of the first electric capacity, the positive pole of the first diode is connected with the source electrode of the first switching tube, the negative pole of the first diode is connected with the drain electrode of the first switching tube, the grid access drive circuit of second switch pipe, the source electrode of second switch pipe is connected with the other end of the first electric capacity, the positive pole of the second diode is connected with the source electrode of second switch pipe, the negative pole of the second diode is connected with the drain electrode of second switch pipe, next optimizer is connected to after the drain electrode of second switch pipe is connected with the source electrode of the first switching tube.
3. high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: between described inductance and the input of inverter, be provided with the 3rd switching tube, 3rd switching tube comprises switch and is attempted by the 3rd diode of switch ends, the positive pole of the 3rd diode is connected with inductance, and the negative pole of the 3rd diode is connected with the input of inverter.
4. a control method for high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit as claimed in claim 3, comprises the following steps:
Step one: control drive circuit by PWM, drive that the first switching tube is opened, second switch pipe closes, now circuit enters mode I, and circuital current passes through from the first switching tube, the external power output of photovoltaic array;
Step 2: requirement PWM controlled according to photovoltaic module MPPT maximum power point tracking and after terminating mode I, drive the first switching tube closedown, the closedown of second switch pipe, now circuit enters mode II, circuital current passes through from the fly-wheel diode of second switch pipe, photovoltaic array is power output not, circuit is in freewheeling state, and the second diode exists power loss;
Step 3: at the end of mode II, control the first switching tube closedown, second switch pipe is open-minded, now circuit enters mode III, circuital current passes through from second switch pipe, photovoltaic array is power output not, and circuit is in freewheeling state, and the second diode does not exist power loss;
Step 4: requirement PWM controlled according to photovoltaic module MPPT maximum power point tracking and after terminating mode III, control the first switching tube closedown, the closedown of second switch pipe, now circuit enters mode II again, circuital current passes through from the fly-wheel diode of second switch pipe, photovoltaic array is power output not, circuit is in freewheeling state, and the second diode exists power loss; So far, a control cycle of photovoltaic power optimizer is completed;
Step 5: repeat step one to step 4, the sequential arrangement making photovoltaic power optimizer enter mode in each control cycle is followed successively by mode I-mode II-mode III-mode II.
5. the control method of high-efficiency photovoltaic power optimization device series topology circuit according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the rate-determining steps also comprising the 3rd switching tube:
1, judge that the 3rd switching tube belongs to half control type device or wholly-controled device, if half control type device, then keep triggering the conducting of the 3rd switching tube, if wholly-controled device, then enter next step;
When 2, making all optimizers all open, the current value that circuit there will be refluence within the current detecting cycle is the electric current of critical value, testing circuit, decision circuitry electric current, whether higher than this critical value, if so, then controls the 3rd switching tube conducting, if not, then control the 3rd switching tube and disconnect.
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| CN107706941A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-16 | 江苏固德威电源科技股份有限公司 | Solar energy optimizes system |
| CN108512245A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-09-07 | 上海盐巴信息科技有限公司 | The photovoltaic system and its control method of component level shutdown can be realized automatically |
| CN111869086A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-10-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Inverter |
| CN111885778A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-03 | 天津大学 | Square wave current falling edge oscillation suppression topological structure of series diode |
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Application publication date: 20160113 |