CN104734548B - A kind of control method of photovoltaic combining inverter and photovoltaic combining inverter - Google Patents

A kind of control method of photovoltaic combining inverter and photovoltaic combining inverter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104734548B
CN104734548B CN201510160621.0A CN201510160621A CN104734548B CN 104734548 B CN104734548 B CN 104734548B CN 201510160621 A CN201510160621 A CN 201510160621A CN 104734548 B CN104734548 B CN 104734548B
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switch pipe
converter
power switch
direct current
input
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CN104734548A (en
Inventor
宋晨
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Shenzhen yingweiteng Photovoltaic Technology Co. Ltd.
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Shenzhen Invt Electric Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4835Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses the control method of a kind of photovoltaic combining inverter and photovoltaic combining inverter, the efficiency for improving photovoltaic generating system.The embodiment of the present invention includes:Multiple DC DC converters, DC AC converter, multiple independent MPPT controllers and a concentration MPPT controller;The multiple independent MPPT controller is corresponded with the multiple DC DC converters, and the independent MPPT controller is used to realize the control to the DC DC converter input powers;The concentration MPPT controller is corresponding with the DC AC converters, described to concentrate MPPT controller to be used to realize the control to the running status and the DC AC converter power outputs of the DC DC converters;After the output end of the multiple DC DC converters is in parallel, it is connected with the input of the DC AC converters.Concentrate MPPT controller to realize the control to the running status and photovoltaic combining inverter power output of DC DC converters in the embodiment of the present invention, improve the efficiency of whole photovoltaic generating system.

Description

A kind of control method of photovoltaic combining inverter and photovoltaic combining inverter
Technical field
The present invention relates to the control of industrial control field, more particularly to photovoltaic combining inverter and photovoltaic combining inverter Method.
Background technology
Grid-connected photovoltaic system is mainly made up of photovoltaic array and combining inverter, the direct current that photovoltaic module is produced Public electric wire net, parallel network reverse utensil are directly accessed after being converted into meeting the alternating current of utility grid requirement by combining inverter There are photovoltaic module MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and networking current control function, as shown in figure 1, in general, grid-connected Inverter passes through and DC-AC conversion can just realize above two function, and still, photovoltaic array is by multiple photovoltaic module strings Join formation group string, then there are multiple photovoltaic group strings to compose in parallel, and the component mismatch of objective reality, photovoltaic is reduced to a certain extent The generated energy of electricity generation system, therefore, tracking multiple photovoltaic group strings respectively using more independent MPPT, can be effectively reduced Component mismatch is lost, and the component of single MPPT tracking is fewer, and component mismatch loss is lower.
A kind of existing scheme for realizing multiple MPPT is as shown in Fig. 2 photovoltaic combining inverter uses Two Stages, prime Multiple DC-DC converters, wherein one DC-AC converter of rear class, DC-DC converter realize independent MPPT functions, and DC-AC becomes Parallel operation realizes parallel network reverse function, and this circuit topology has at least two independent MPPT, with the photovoltaic using one-stage transfor-mation Combining inverter is compared, and reduces the loss of component mismatch, improves the maximum function output of photovoltaic array.
But, this photovoltaic combining inverter, because the operation of DC-DC converter is, it is necessary to by PWM copped waves, accordingly Component can produce loss, it is understood that there may be because the increased component power attenuation of PWM copped waves is more than due to photovoltaic module mismatch The operation of the situation of the loss of generation, i.e. DC-DC converter reduces the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter on the contrary, that is, reduces The conversion efficiency of photovoltaic combining inverter so that the decline of grid-connected photovoltaic system efficiency.
The content of the invention
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of photovoltaic combining inverter, the efficiency for improving photovoltaic generating system.
In view of this, first aspect present invention provides a kind of photovoltaic combining inverter, including:
Multiple DC-DC converters, DC-AC converter, multiple independent MPPT controllers and one concentrate MPPT controls Device processed;
The multiple independent MPPT controller is corresponded with the multiple DC-DC converter, the independent MPPT controls Device is used to realize the control to the DC-DC converter input power;
The concentration MPPT controller is corresponding with the DC-AC converters, and the concentration MPPT controller is used for realization pair The control of the running status of the DC-DC converter and the DC-AC converters power output;
After the output end of the multiple DC-DC converter is in parallel, it is connected with the input of the DC-AC converters.
Alternatively:
The DC-DC converter is Boost type DC-DC converter, and the DC-AC converters are full-bridge inverter.
Alternatively:
The DC-DC converter includes direct current first input end DC1, the second input of direct current DC2, the first electric capacity C1, the Two electric capacity C2, the first inductance L1, the first power switch pipe Q1, the first diode (D1), the first output end of direct current 1 and direct current Two output ends 2;
The two ends of the first electric capacity C1 respectively with the direct current first input end DC1 and the second input of direct current DC2 It is connected;The direct current first input end DC1 is connected by the first inductance L1 with the anode of the first diode D1, and first Diode D1 anode is connected with the colelctor electrode of the first power switch pipe Q1;The negative electrode of the first diode D1 with it is described The first output end of direct current 1 is connected;Direct current the second input DC2 is connected with the emitter stage of the first power switch pipe Q1; The emitter stage of the first power switch pipe Q1 is connected with second output end of direct current 2;
The two ends of the second electric capacity C2 are connected with first output end of direct current 1 and the second output end of direct current 2 respectively;
The DC-AC converters include inversion first input end 3, inversion the second input 4, the 3rd electric capacity C3, the 4th electricity Hold C4, the second power switch pipe Q2) the 3rd power switch pipe Q3) the 4th power switch pipe Q4, the 5th power switch pipe Q5, second Inductance L2, the 3rd inductance L3, the second output terminals A C2 of the first output terminals A C1 of exchange and exchange;
The inversion first input end 3 and the second input of inversion 4 respectively with first output end of direct current 1 and straight The second output end 2 is flowed to be connected;The two ends of the 3rd electric capacity C3 are defeated with the inversion first input end 3 and inversion second respectively Enter end 4 to be connected;The colelctor electrode of the second power switch pipe Q2 and the 3rd power switch pipe Q3 respectively with the inversion first Input 3 is connected;The emitter stage of the second power switch pipe Q2 and the 3rd power switch pipe Q3 respectively with the 4th work( Rate switching tube Q4 and the 5th power switch pipe Q5 colelctor electrode are connected;The 4th power switch pipe Q4 and the 5th power are opened The emitter stage for closing pipe Q5 is connected with second input of inversion 4 respectively;The emitter stage of the second power switch pipe Q2 and institute The first end for stating the second inductance L2 is connected;The second end of the second inductance L2 is connected with the first output terminals A C1 that exchanges;Institute The emitter stage for stating the 3rd power switch pipe Q3 is connected with the first end of the 3rd inductance L3;The second of 3rd inductance (L3) End is connected with the second output terminals A C2 that exchanges;The two ends of the 4th electric capacity C4 exchange the first output terminals A C1 with described respectively And the second output terminals A C2 of exchange is connected.
Alternatively:
The DC-DC converter is double Boost type DC-DC converters, and the DC-AC converters are tri-level half-bridge inversion Device.
Alternatively:
The DC-DC converter includes direct current first input end (DC1), the input of direct current second (DC2), the first electric capacity C1 First inductance L1, the second inductance L2, the first power switch pipe Q1, the second power switch pipe Q2, the first diode D1, the two or two pole Pipe D2, the first output end of direct current 1 and the output end 2 of direct current second)
The two ends of the first electric capacity C1 respectively with the direct current first input end DC1 and the second input of direct current DC2 It is connected;The direct current first input end DC1 is connected by the first inductance L1 with the anode of the first diode D1, described First diode D1 negative electrode is connected with first output end of direct current 1;The anode and described first of the first diode D1 Power switch pipe Q1 colelctor electrode is connected;The emitter stage of the first power switch pipe Q1 is with the second power switch pipe Q2's Colelctor electrode is connected;The negative electrode phase that direct current the second input DC2 passes through the second inductance L2 and the second diode D2 Connect, and the negative electrode of the second diode D2 is connected with the emitter stage of the second power switch pipe Q2;Second diode D2 anode is connected with preceding second output end of direct current 2;
The DC-AC converters include inversion first input end 3, inversion the second input 4, the second electric capacity C2, the 3rd electricity Hold C3, the 3rd power switch pipe Q3, the 4th power switch pipe Q4, the 5th power switch pipe Q5, the 6th power switch pipe Q6, the 3rd Inductance L3, the 4th electric capacity C4, the second output end of the first output end of exchange and exchange;
The inversion first input end 3 and the second input of inversion 4 respectively with first output end of direct current 1 and straight The second output end 2 is flowed to be connected;The first end of the second electric capacity C2 and the colelctor electrode difference of the 3rd power switch pipe Q3 It is connected with the inversion first input end 3;The second end of the second electric capacity C2 is connected with the first end of the 3rd electric capacity C3, The second electric capacity C2 is connected with the 3rd electric capacity C3 tie point with the colelctor electrode of the 5th power switch pipe Q5;Described 5th Power switch pipe Q5 emitter stage is connected with the emitter stage of the 6th power switch pipe Q6;The second end of the 3rd electric capacity C3 And the emitter stage of the 4th power switch pipe Q4 is connected with second input of inversion 4;3rd power switch pipe Q3 emitter stage and the colelctor electrode of the 4th power switch pipe Q4, the colelctor electrode of the 6th power switch pipe Q6 and described 3rd inductance L3 first end is connected;The second end of the 3rd inductance L3 is connected with the first output terminals A C1 that exchanges;It is described 4th electric capacity C4 two ends respectively with it is described exchange the first output terminals A C1 and exchange the second output terminals A C2 be connected;The exchange Second output terminals A C2 is grounded.
Alternatively:
The DC-DC converter also includes the by-pass switch for being used to bypass DC-DC converter, the first of the by-pass switch End is connected with the direct current first input end of the DC-DC converter, the second end and the DC-DC converter of the by-pass switch The output end of direct current first be connected.
Alternatively:
The by-pass switch is diode, contactor or relay.
Alternatively:
Including:
Obtain the present output power P0 of photovoltaic combining inverter in operation;
At least one DC-DC converter in increase operation photovoltaic combining inverter, and obtain now described grid-connected The present output power P1 of inverter;
If the power output P1 is less than the power output P0, the DC-DC conversion of the increase operation out of service Device.
Alternatively:
When photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter starts, the input voltage of DC-AC converters, makes grid-connected in regulation photovoltaic combining inverter The input power of at least one DC-DC converter in inverter in multiple DC-DC converters is maximum, now photovoltaic grid-connected inversion The power output of device is P0.
Alternatively:
Methods described also includes:
If the power output P1 is not less than the power output P0, the photovoltaic combining inverter is controlled to operate in defeated Go out the state that power is P1.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiment of the present invention has advantages below:Photovoltaic combining inverter includes many Individual DC-DC converter and a DC-AC converter, each DC-DC converter correspond to an independent MPPT controller, energy The control to the DC-DC converter input power is enough realized, and DC-AC converters correspondence concentrates MPPT controller, can realize The control of running status and photovoltaic combining inverter power output to DC-DC converter, that is, concentrate MPPT controller can Control operation DC-DC converter, and after DC-DC converter is run, if the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter declines, Concentrate MPPT controller DC-DC converter out of service, it is to avoid may be big due to copped wave loss in DC-DC converter operation When the loss produced due to photovoltaic module mismatch so that the situation that photovoltaic combining inverter power output declines, so as to improve The efficiency of whole photovoltaic generating system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is one embodiment schematic diagram of photovoltaic combining inverter in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is another embodiment schematic diagram of photovoltaic combining inverter in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is another embodiment schematic diagram of photovoltaic combining inverter in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the climbing method of photovoltaic combining inverter use in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is one embodiment flow chart of the control method of photovoltaic combining inverter in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is another embodiment flow chart of the control method of photovoltaic combining inverter in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of photovoltaic combining inverter, the efficiency for improving photovoltaic generating system.
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention program, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention Accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only The embodiment of a part of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill people The every other embodiment that member is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, should all belong to the model that the present invention is protected Enclose.
Term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " " in description and claims of this specification and above-mentioned accompanying drawing The (if present)s such as four " are for distinguishing similar object, without for describing specific order or precedence.It should manage The data that solution is so used can be exchanged in the appropriate case, so that the embodiments described herein can be with except illustrating herein Or the order beyond the content of description is implemented.In addition, term " comprising " and " having " and their any deformation, it is intended that Covering is non-exclusive to be included, for example, containing process, method, system, product or the equipment of series of steps or unit need not limit In those steps or unit for clearly listing, but may include not list clearly or for these processes, method, production Product or the intrinsic other steps of equipment or unit.
Referring to Fig. 1, one embodiment of photovoltaic combining inverter includes in the embodiment of the present invention:
Multiple DC-DC converters 101, DC-AC converter 102, multiple independent MPPT controllers 103 and a collection Middle MPPT controller 104;
Multiple independent MPPT controllers 101 are corresponded with multiple DC-DC converters 103, and independent MPPT controller 103 is used In control of the realization to the input power of DC-DC converter 101;
Concentrate MPPT controller 104 corresponding with DC-AC converters 102, concentrate MPPT controller 104 to be used to realize to DC- The control of the running status and the power output of DC-AC converters 102 of DC converters 102;
The output-parallel connection of multiple DC-DC converters 101, and be connected in series with DC-AC converters 102.
In the present embodiment, multiple DC-DC converters 101 are also provided with by-pass switch, for bypassing DC-DC conversion Device, the by-pass switch can be diode, relay or contactor, not limit herein specifically.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment and subsequent embodiment, independent MPPT controller and concentration MPPT controls The function of device processed can realize that processor mentioned here can be DSP or other processors or control within a processor Coremaking piece, is not limited specifically herein, in subsequent embodiment, and second part is not repeated no more.
It should be noted that in actual applications, the input of photovoltaic combining inverter is provided by photovoltaic array, each light The direct current that photovoltaic array branch road is produced respectively as a DC-DC converter in photovoltaic combining inverter input, follow-up real Apply in example, repeat no more.
In the present embodiment, photovoltaic combining inverter includes multiple DC-DC converters and a DC-AC converter, each Individual DC-DC converter corresponds to an independent MPPT controller, can realize the control to the DC-DC converter input power, And DC-AC converters correspondence concentrates MPPT controller, MPPT controller is concentrated to realize the running status to DC-DC converter And the control of photovoltaic combining inverter power output, that is, concentrate MPPT controller to control to close or run DC-DC conversion Device, and determine whether to run the DC- according to the change of the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter before and after DC-DC converter operation DC converters;Specifically, if the power output for running photovoltaic combining inverter after the DC-DC converter declines, MPPT is concentrated Controller DC-DC converter out of service, it is to avoid may be more than in DC-DC converter operation due to copped wave loss due to light When lying prostrate the loss that component mismatch is produced so that the situation that photovoltaic combining inverter power output declines, so as to improve whole light The efficiency of photovoltaic generating system.
In actual applications, the DC-DC converter of photovoltaic combining inverter and DC-AC converters can have multiple realization Mode, is described separately below:
First, DC-DC converter is Boost type DC-DC converter, and DC-AC converters are full-bridge inverter;
Referring to Fig. 2, another embodiment of photovoltaic combining inverter includes in the embodiment of the present invention:
Multiple DC-DC converters 201, a DC-AC converter 202;
DC-DC converter 201 includes direct current first input end DC1, the second input of direct current DC2, the first electric capacity C1, second Electric capacity C2, the first inductance L1, the first power switch pipe Q1, the first diode D1, the first output end of direct current 1 and direct current second are defeated Go out end 2;
First electric capacity C1 two ends are connected with direct current first input end DC1 and the second input of direct current DC2 respectively;Direct current First input end DC1 is connected by the first inductance L1 with the first diode D1 anode, the first diode D1 anode and first Power switch pipe Q1 colelctor electrode is connected;First diode D1 negative electrode is connected with the first output end of direct current 1;Direct current second is inputted End DC2 is connected with the first power switch pipe Q1 emitter stage;First power switch pipe Q1 emitter stage and the second output end of direct current 2 It is connected;
Second electric capacity C2 two ends are connected with the first output end of direct current 1 and the second output end of direct current 2 respectively;
DC-AC converters include inversion first input end 3, inversion the second input 4, the 3rd electric capacity C3, the 4th electric capacity C4, Second power switch pipe Q2, the 3rd power switch pipe Q3, the 4th power switch pipe Q4, the 5th power switch pipe Q5, the second inductance L2, the 3rd inductance L3, the second output terminals A C2 of the first output terminals A C1 of exchange and exchange;
Inversion first input end 3 and the second input of inversion 4 are defeated with the first output end of direct current 1 and direct current second respectively Go out end 2 to be connected;3rd electric capacity C3 two ends are connected with inversion first input end 3 and the second input of inversion 4 respectively;Second work( Rate switching tube Q2 and the 3rd power switch pipe Q3 colelctor electrode are connected with inversion first input end 3 respectively;Second power switch Pipe Q2 and the 3rd power switch pipe Q3 emitter stage are respectively with the 4th power switch pipe Q4's and the 5th power switch pipe Q5 Colelctor electrode is connected;4th power switch pipe Q4 and the 5th power switch pipe Q5 emitter stage respectively with the second input of inversion 4 It is connected;Second power switch pipe Q2 emitter stage is connected with the second inductance L2 first end;Second inductance L2 the second end is with handing over The first output terminals A C1 is flowed to be connected;3rd power switch pipe Q3 emitter stage is connected with the 3rd inductance L3 first end;3rd inductance L3 the second end is connected with exchanging the second output terminals A C2;4th electric capacity C4 two ends exchange the first output terminals A C1 with described respectively And the second output terminals A C2 of exchange is connected.
In the present embodiment, the direct current first input end and the input of direct current second of each DC-DC converter respectively with The direct current two ends that one photovoltaic array branch road is produced are connected.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, DC-DC converter is also provided with for bypassing DC-DC converter By-pass switch, the first end of the by-pass switch is connected with the direct current first input end of DC-DC converter, the second end of by-pass switch It is connected with the output end of direct current first of DC-DC converter;In actual applications, by-pass switch can be diode or relay, It for reducing on-state loss or contactor, can be used for high current occasion, can also be other switching devices, specifically Do not limit herein.
In the present embodiment, photovoltaic combining inverter includes multiple DC-DC converters and a DC-AC converter, each Individual DC-DC converter corresponds to an independent MPPT controller, can realize the control to the DC-DC converter input power, And DC-AC converters correspondence concentrates MPPT controller, MPPT controller is concentrated to realize the running status to DC-DC converter And the control of photovoltaic combining inverter power output, that is, concentrate MPPT controller to control to close or run DC-DC conversion Device, and determine whether to run the DC- according to the change of the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter before and after DC-DC converter operation DC converters;Specifically, if the power output for running photovoltaic combining inverter after the DC-DC converter declines, MPPT is concentrated Controller DC-DC converter out of service, it is to avoid may be more than in DC-DC converter operation due to copped wave loss due to light When lying prostrate the loss that component mismatch is produced so that the situation that photovoltaic combining inverter power output declines, so as to improve whole light The efficiency of photovoltaic generating system.
2nd, DC-DC converter is double Boost type DC-DC converters, and DC-AC converters are tri-level half-bridge inverter;
Referring to Fig. 3, another embodiment of photovoltaic combining inverter includes in the embodiment of the present invention:
Multiple DC-DC converters 301, a DC-AC converter 302;
DC-DC converter includes direct current first input end DC1, the second input of direct current DC2, first the first inductance of electric capacity C1 It is L1, the second inductance L2, the first power switch pipe Q1, the second power switch pipe Q2, the first diode D1, the second diode D2, straight Flow the first output end 1 and the second output end of direct current 2;
The two ends of first electric capacity (C1) are connected with direct current first input end DC1 and the second input of direct current DC2 respectively;Directly Stream first input end DC1 be connected by the first inductance L1 with the first diode D1 anode, the first diode D1 negative electrode and directly The first output end 1 is flowed to be connected;First diode D1 anode is connected with the first power switch pipe Q1 colelctor electrode;First power is opened The emitter stage for closing pipe Q1 is connected with the second power switch pipe Q2 colelctor electrode;Direct current the second input DC2 passes through the second inductance L2 It is connected with the second diode D2 negative electrode, and the transmitting of the negative electrode of the second diode D2 and the second power switch pipe Q2 Extremely it is connected;The anode of the second diode D2 is connected with preceding second output end of direct current 2;
DC-AC converters include inversion first input end 3, the input of inversion second (4), the second electric capacity C2, the 3rd electric capacity C3, the 3rd power switch pipe Q3, the 4th power switch pipe Q4, the 5th power switch pipe Q5, the 6th power switch pipe Q6, the 3rd electricity Feel L3, the 4th electric capacity C4, the second output end of the first output end of exchange and exchange;
Inversion first input end 3 and the second input of inversion 4 are defeated with the first output end of direct current 1 and direct current second respectively Go out end 2 to be connected;Second electric capacity C2 first end and the 3rd power switch pipe Q3 colelctor electrode respectively with inversion first input end 3 It is connected;Second electric capacity C2 the second end is connected with the 3rd electric capacity C3 first end, the second electric capacity C2 and the 3rd electric capacity C3 connection Point is connected with the 5th power switch pipe Q5 colelctor electrode;5th power switch pipe Q5 emitter stage and the 6th power switch pipe Q6's Emitter stage is connected;3rd electric capacity C3 the second end and the 4th power switch pipe Q4 emitter stage and the phase of the second input of inversion 4 Even;3rd power switch pipe Q3 emitter stage and the 4th power switch pipe Q4 colelctor electrode, the 6th power switch pipe Q6 current collection The first end of pole and the 3rd inductance 3 is connected;3rd inductance L3 the second end is connected with exchanging the first output terminals A C1;The Four electric capacity C4 two ends are connected with exchanging the first output terminals A C1 and the second output terminals A C2 of exchange respectively;Exchange the second output end AC2 is grounded.
It should be noted that in actual applications, the first power switch pipe Q1 emitter stage in first DC-DC converter With the second power switch pipe Q2 grounded collector, the first power switch pipe Q1 emitter stage in remaining multiple DC-DC converter The current collection of contact point and the 5th power switch pipe Q5 in DC-AC converters is drawn between the second power switch pipe Q2 colelctor electrode Extremely it is connected.
In the present embodiment, the direct current first input end and the input of direct current second of each DC-DC converter respectively with The direct current two ends that one photovoltaic array branch road is produced are connected.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, DC-DC converter is also provided with for bypassing DC-DC converter By-pass switch, the first end of the by-pass switch is connected with the direct current first input end of DC-DC converter, the second end of by-pass switch It is connected with the output end of direct current first of DC-DC converter;In actual applications, by-pass switch can be diode or relay, It for reducing on-state loss or contactor, can be used for high current occasion, can also be other switching devices, specifically Do not limit herein.
In the present embodiment, photovoltaic combining inverter includes multiple DC-DC converters and a DC-AC converter, each Individual DC-DC converter corresponds to an independent MPPT controller, can realize the control to the DC-DC converter input power, And DC-AC converters correspondence concentrates MPPT controller, MPPT controller is concentrated to realize the running status to DC-DC converter And the control of photovoltaic combining inverter power output, that is, concentrate MPPT controller to control to close or run DC-DC conversion Device, and determine whether to run the DC- according to the change of the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter before and after DC-DC converter operation DC converters;Specifically, if the power output for running photovoltaic combining inverter after the DC-DC converter declines, MPPT is concentrated Controller DC-DC converter out of service, it is to avoid may be more than in DC-DC converter operation due to copped wave loss due to light When lying prostrate the loss that component mismatch is produced so that the situation that photovoltaic combining inverter power output declines, so as to improve whole light The efficiency of photovoltaic generating system.
In the embodiment of the present invention, photovoltaic combining inverter realizes peak power by combining climbing method (i.e. perturbation observation method) Point tracking, for ease of understanding, implements with reference to the photovoltaic combining inverter in the embodiment of the present invention to climbing method in the present invention Concrete application in example is described:
The climbing method used in the embodiment of the present invention is one of more common method in MPPT algorithm, is exported with photovoltaic array Voltage is disturbance variable, and perturbation direction is judged by state of the closed loop feedback after stable.Referring to Fig. 4, and with reference to Fig. 2 or figure Photovoltaic combining inverter shown in 3, it is assumed that when the characteristic of two-way photovoltaic array branch road is inconsistent, branch road 1 is in output voltage U1_ During max, maximum power point P1_max is reached, branch road 2 reaches maximum power point P2_max in output voltage U2_max.Branch road 1 The output voltage U1 of the DC-DC converter of branch road 1 when not worked with the DC-DC converter of branch road 2, the DC-DC of branch road 2 become The input voltage U3 of output voltage U2 and the DC-AC converter of parallel operation relation is U1=U2=U3, and input voltage U3 is disturbed to the left (reduce voltage U3) when dynamic extremely as U1=U2=U1_max, the difference △ P1=of the peak power of branch road 1 and the current power of branch road 1 0, now branch road 1 reaches peak power, and the difference △ P2 > 0 of the peak power of branch road 2 and the current power of branch road 2, and branch road 2 does not reach To peak power, now photovoltaic combining inverter power output Po1=P1_max+P2_max '-P_loss1, wherein P_loss1 For the loss of DC-AC converters.Now the DC-DC converter of boot leg 2, continues to disturb (reduction voltage), as voltage U2= During U2_max, △ P2=0, branch road 2 reaches peak power, now photovoltaic combining inverter power output Po2=P1_max+P2_ max-P_loss1-P_loss2.Wherein P_loss2 is the loss of DC-DC converter.If △ Po=Po2-Po1 < 0, branch is closed DC-DC converter in road 2;△ Po=Po2-Po1 >=0, maintains the statusquo, that is, it is P1 photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter to keep power output Working condition, specifically, the DC-DC converter of branch road 1 does not work and the DC-DC converter of branch road 2 works.
It is understood that in actual applications, photovoltaic combining inverter can be combined with other and realize maximum power point The algorithm of tracking, realizes the output power to photovoltaic combining inverter in the embodiment of the present invention, does not limit herein specifically.
The control method to photovoltaic combining inverter in the present invention is introduced below, referring to Fig. 5, photovoltaic in the present invention One embodiment of the control method of combining inverter includes:
501st, the present output power P0 of photovoltaic combining inverter in operation is obtained;
In the present embodiment, MPPT controller is concentrated to obtain the present output power of photovoltaic combining inverter in operation P0。
It should be noted that in practical application, because the power output of DC-AC converters in photovoltaic combining inverter is The power output of photovoltaic combining inverter, thus uniformly MPPT controls can be obtained by obtaining the power output of DC-AC converters To the present output power of photovoltaic combining inverter.
502nd, at least one DC-DC converter in increase operation photovoltaic combining inverter, and obtaining now grid-connected The present output power P1 of inverter;
In the present embodiment, after the present output power P0 of photovoltaic combining inverter in being run, MPPT controls are concentrated Device increase operation photovoltaic combining inverter at least one DC-DC converter, and obtain now photovoltaic combining inverter work as Preceding power output P1.
It should be noted that when the power output of DC-AC converters is P0, concentrating MPPT controller to increase operation One DC-DC converter, can also increase the multiple DC-DC converters of operation, not limit herein specifically.
503rd, judge whether P 1 is less than P0, if so, then performing step 504;
In the present embodiment, become when concentrating MPPT controller increase to run the DC-DC at least one photovoltaic combining inverter Parallel operation, and obtain after the now present output power P1 of photovoltaic combining inverter, concentrate MPPT controller to can interpolate that output work Whether rate P1 is less than power output P 0, if so, then performing step 504.
504th, DC-DC converters out of service.
In the present embodiment, when concentrating MPPT controller determination power output P1 to be less than power output P0, illustrate increase fortune The row DC-DC converter is not improved the power output of DC-AC converters, on the contrary due to the operation of the DC-DC converter, makes The power output for obtaining DC-AC converters is reduced, that is, causes the power output reduction of whole photovoltaic combining inverter, then the concentration MPPT controller DC-DC converter out of service.
It should be noted that in actual applications, if concentrating MPPT controller to judge that power output P1 is not less than output work Rate P0, then concentrate MPPT controller to control the photovoltaic combining inverter to operate in the state that power output is P1.
In the present embodiment, photovoltaic combining inverter includes multiple DC-DC converters and a DC-AC converter, each Individual DC-DC converter corresponds to an independent MPPT controller, can realize the control to the DC-DC converter input power, And DC-AC converters correspondence concentrates MPPT controller, MPPT controller is concentrated to realize the running status to DC-DC converter And the control of photovoltaic combining inverter power output, that is, concentrate MPPT controller to control to close or run DC-DC conversion Device, and determine whether to run the DC- according to the change of the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter before and after DC-DC converter operation DC converters;Specifically, if the power output for running photovoltaic combining inverter after the DC-DC converter declines, MPPT is concentrated Controller DC-DC converter out of service, it is to avoid may be more than in DC-DC converter operation due to copped wave loss due to light When lying prostrate the loss that component mismatch is produced so that the situation that photovoltaic combining inverter power output declines, so as to improve whole light The efficiency of photovoltaic generating system.
Referring to Fig. 6, another embodiment of the control method of photovoltaic combining inverter includes in the embodiment of the present invention:
601st, the input voltage of DC-AC converters in photovoltaic combining inverter is adjusted;
In the present embodiment, when photovoltaic combining inverter starts, MPPT controller is concentrated to adjust photovoltaic combining inverter The input voltage of middle DC-AC converters, becomes at least one DC-DC in photovoltaic combining inverter in multiple DC-AC converters The input power of parallel operation is maximum, and now the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter is P0.
Specifically, when the characteristic of each photovoltaic array branch road is differed, by the input for adjusting DC-AC converters Voltage, can make the input power of a DC-DC converter maximum;If each photovoltaic array branch road Zhong Ji roads photovoltaic array branch road In the identical Qie Zheji roads photovoltaic array branch road peak power of characteristic corresponding to voltage it is maximum when, by adjusting DC-AC conversion The input voltage of device, the input power for being capable of Shi Zheji roads DC-DC converter is maximum.
602nd, the present output power P0 of photovoltaic combining inverter in operation is obtained;
In the present embodiment, MPPT controller is concentrated to obtain the present output power of photovoltaic combining inverter in operation P0。
It should be noted that in practical application, because the power output of DC-AC converters in photovoltaic combining inverter is The power output of photovoltaic combining inverter, thus uniformly MPPT controls can be obtained by obtaining the power output of DC-AC converters To the present output power of photovoltaic combining inverter.
603rd, at least one DC-DC converter in increase operation photovoltaic combining inverter, and obtaining now grid-connected The present output power P1 of inverter;
In the present embodiment, after the present output power P0 of photovoltaic combining inverter in being run, MPPT controls are concentrated Device increase operation photovoltaic combining inverter at least one DC-DC converter, and obtain now photovoltaic combining inverter work as Preceding power output P1.
It should be noted that when the power output of DC-AC converters is P0, concentrating MPPT controller to increase operation One DC-DC converter, can also increase the multiple DC-DC converters of operation, not limit herein specifically.
604th, judge whether P 1 is less than P0, if so, step 605 is then performed, if it is not, then performing step 606;
In the present embodiment, become when concentrating at least one DC-DC in MPPT controller increase operation photovoltaic combining inverter Parallel operation, and obtain after the now present output power P1 of photovoltaic combining inverter, concentrate MPPT controller to can interpolate that output work Whether rate P1 is less than power output P 0, if so, step 605 is then performed, if it is not, then performing step 606.
605th, DC-DC converters out of service;
In the present embodiment, when concentrating MPPT controller determination power output P1 to be less than power output P0, illustrate that operation should DC-DC converter is not improved the power output of DC-AC converters, on the contrary due to the operation of the DC-DC converter so that The power output of DC-AC converters is reduced, that is, causes the power output reduction of whole photovoltaic combining inverter, then the concentration MPPT controller DC-DC converter out of service.
606th, photovoltaic combining inverter is controlled to operate in the state that power output is P1.
In the present embodiment, when concentrating MPPT controller determination power output P1 to be not less than power output P0, illustrate DC-DC The operation of converter can improve the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter, then unify MPPT control control photovoltaic combining inverters Operate in the state that power output is P1.
It should be noted that in actual applications, if concentrating MPPT controller to judge that power output P1 is not less than output work Rate P0, then concentrate MPPT controller to control the photovoltaic combining inverter to operate in the state that power output is P1.
In the present embodiment, photovoltaic combining inverter includes multiple DC-DC converters and a DC-AC converter, each Individual DC-DC converter corresponds to an independent MPPT controller, can realize the control to the DC-DC converter input power, And DC-AC converters correspondence concentrates MPPT controller, MPPT controller is concentrated to realize the running status to DC-DC converter And the control of photovoltaic combining inverter power output, that is, concentrate MPPT controller to control to close or run DC-DC conversion Device, and determine whether to run the DC- according to the change of the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter before and after DC-DC converter operation DC converters;Specifically, if the power output for running photovoltaic combining inverter after the DC-DC converter declines, MPPT is concentrated Controller DC-DC converter out of service, it is to avoid may be more than in DC-DC converter operation due to copped wave loss due to light When lying prostrate the loss that component mismatch is produced so that the situation that photovoltaic combining inverter power output declines, so as to improve whole light The efficiency of photovoltaic generating system.
It is apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and simplicity of description, the system of foregoing description, The specific work process of device and unit, may be referred to the corresponding process in preceding method embodiment, will not be repeated here.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed system, apparatus and method can be with Realize by another way.For example, device embodiment described above is only schematical, for example, the unit Divide, only a kind of division of logic function there can be other dividing mode when actually realizing, such as multiple units or component Another system can be combined or be desirably integrated into, or some features can be ignored, or do not perform.It is another, it is shown or The coupling each other discussed or direct-coupling or communication connection can be the indirect couplings of device or unit by some interfaces Close or communicate to connect, can be electrical, machinery or other forms.
The unit illustrated as separating component can be or may not be it is physically separate, it is aobvious as unit The part shown can be or may not be physical location, you can with positioned at a place, or can also be distributed to multiple On NE.Some or all of unit therein can be selected to realize the mesh of this embodiment scheme according to the actual needs 's.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the invention can be integrated in a processing unit, can also That unit is individually physically present, can also two or more units it is integrated in a unit.Above-mentioned integrated list Member can both be realized in the form of hardware, it would however also be possible to employ the form of SFU software functional unit is realized.
Described above, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations;Although with reference to before Embodiment is stated the present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that:It still can be to preceding State the technical scheme described in each embodiment to modify, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic;And these Modification is replaced, and the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of photovoltaic combining inverter, it is characterised in that including:
Multiple DC-DC converters, DC-AC converter, multiple independent MPPT controllers and a concentration MPPT controller;
The multiple independent MPPT controller is corresponded with the multiple DC-DC converter, and the independent MPPT controller is used In control of the realization to the DC-DC converter input power;
The concentration MPPT controller is corresponding with the DC-AC converters, and the concentration MPPT controller is used to realize to described The control of the running status of DC-DC converter and the DC-AC converters power output;
After the output end of the multiple DC-DC converter is in parallel, it is connected with the input of the DC-AC converters;
The concentration MPPT controller is additionally operable to control and closes or run the DC-DC converter, and is converted according to the DC-DC The change of the power output of photovoltaic net inverter determines whether to run the DC-DC converter before and after device operation.
2. photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the DC-DC converter is Boost type DC-DC converter, the DC-AC converters are full-bridge inverter.
3. photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the DC-DC converter includes direct current the One input (DC1), the input of direct current second (DC2), the first electric capacity (C1), the second electric capacity (C2), the first inductance (L1), first Power switch pipe (Q1), the first diode (D1), the output end of direct current first (1) and the output end of direct current second (2);
The two ends of first electric capacity (C1) respectively with the direct current first input end (DC1) and the input of direct current second (DC2) it is connected;The sun that the direct current first input end (DC1) passes through first inductance (L1) and first diode (D1) Extremely it is connected, the anode of the first diode (D1) is connected with the colelctor electrode of first power switch pipe (Q1);One or two pole The negative electrode of pipe (D1) is connected with the output end of direct current first (1);The input of direct current second (DC2) and first power The emitter stage of switching tube (Q1) is connected;The emitter stage of first power switch pipe (Q1) and the output end of direct current second (2) It is connected;
The two ends of second electric capacity (C2) respectively with the output end of direct current first (1) and the output end of direct current second (2) phase Even;
The DC-AC converters include inversion first input end (3), the input of inversion second (4), the 3rd electric capacity (C3), the 4th Electric capacity (C4), the second power switch pipe (Q2), the 3rd power switch pipe (Q3), the 4th power switch pipe (Q4), the 5th power are opened Close pipe (Q5), the second inductance (L2), the 3rd inductance (L3), the second output end of the first output end of exchange (AC1) and exchange (AC2);
The inversion first input end (3) and the input of inversion second (4) respectively with the output end of direct current first (1) and The output end of direct current second (2) is connected;The two ends of 3rd electric capacity (C3) respectively with the inversion first input end (3) and inverse Become the second input (4) to be connected;The colelctor electrode difference of second power switch pipe (Q2) and the 3rd power switch pipe (Q3) It is connected with the inversion first input end (3);Second power switch pipe (Q2) and the hair of the 3rd power switch pipe (Q3) Colelctor electrode of the emitter-base bandgap grading respectively with the 4th power switch pipe (Q4) and the 5th power switch pipe (Q5) is connected;4th work( The emitter stage of rate switching tube (Q4) and the 5th power switch pipe (Q5) is connected with the input of inversion second (4) respectively;Institute The emitter stage for stating the second power switch pipe (Q2) is connected with the first end of second inductance (L2);Second inductance (L2) Second end is connected with first output end (AC1) that exchanges;The emitter stage and the described 3rd of 3rd power switch pipe (Q3) The first end of inductance (L3) is connected;Second end of the 3rd inductance (L3) is connected with second output end (AC2) that exchanges;Institute State the two ends of the 4th electric capacity (C4) and exchange the first output end (AC1) and the second output end of exchange (AC2) is connected with described respectively.
4. photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the DC-DC converter is double Boost types DC-DC converter, the DC-AC converters are tri-level half-bridge inverter.
5. photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the DC-DC converter includes direct current the One input (DC1), the input of direct current second (DC2), the first inductance of the first electric capacity (C1) (L1), the second inductance (L2), first Power switch pipe (Q1), the second power switch pipe (Q2), the first diode (D1), the second diode (D2), direct current first are exported Hold (1) and the output end of direct current second (2);
The two ends of first electric capacity (C1) respectively with the direct current first input end (DC1) and the input of direct current second (DC2) it is connected;The sun that the direct current first input end (DC1) passes through first inductance (L1) and first diode (D1) Extremely it is connected, the negative electrode of first diode (D1) is connected with the output end of direct current first (1);First diode (D1) Anode be connected with the colelctor electrode of first power switch pipe (Q1);The emitter stage of first power switch pipe (Q1) and institute The colelctor electrode for stating the second power switch pipe (Q2) is connected;The input of direct current second (DC2) passes through second inductance (L2) It is connected with the negative electrode of second diode (D2), and the negative electrode of second diode (D2) and second power switch pipe (Q2) emitter stage is connected;The anode of second diode (D2) is connected with the output end of direct current second (2);
The DC-AC converters include inversion first input end (3), the input of inversion second (4), the second electric capacity (C2), the 3rd Electric capacity (C3), the 3rd power switch pipe (Q3), the 4th power switch pipe (Q4), the 5th power switch pipe (Q5), the 6th power are opened Close pipe (Q6), the 3rd inductance (L3), the 4th electric capacity (C4), the second output end of the first output end of exchange and exchange;
The inversion first input end (3) and the input of inversion second (4) respectively with the output end of direct current first (1) and The output end of direct current second (2) is connected;The first end of second electric capacity (C2) and the collection of the 3rd power switch pipe (Q3) Electrode is connected with the inversion first input end (3) respectively;Second end of second electric capacity (C2) and the 3rd electric capacity (C3) first end is connected, second electric capacity (C2) and the tie point and the 5th power switch pipe of the 3rd electric capacity (C3) (Q5) colelctor electrode is connected;The emitter stage of 5th power switch pipe (Q5) and the transmitting of the 6th power switch pipe (Q6) Extremely it is connected;The emitter stage of second end of the 3rd electric capacity (C3) and the 4th power switch pipe (Q4) and the inversion the Two inputs (4) are connected;The emitter stage of 3rd power switch pipe (Q3) and the current collection of the 4th power switch pipe (Q4) The first end of pole, the colelctor electrode of the 6th power switch pipe (Q6) and the 3rd inductance (L3) is connected;3rd electricity The second end for feeling (L3) is connected with first output end (AC1) that exchanges;The two ends of 4th electric capacity (C4) respectively with it is described Exchange the first output end (AC1) and the second output end of exchange (AC2) is connected;The second output end of the exchange (AC2) ground connection.
6. the photovoltaic combining inverter according to any one of claim 2 to 5, it is characterised in that the DC-DC converter Also include the by-pass switch for being used to bypass DC-DC converter, the first end of the by-pass switch is straight with the DC-DC converter Flow first input end to be connected, the second end of the by-pass switch is connected with the output end of direct current first of the DC-DC converter.
7. photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the by-pass switch is diode, contact Device or relay.
8. a kind of control method of photovoltaic combining inverter, it is characterised in that including:
Obtain the present output power P0 of photovoltaic combining inverter in operation;
At least one DC-DC converter in increase operation photovoltaic combining inverter, and obtain the now photovoltaic grid-connected inversion The present output power P1 of device;
If the power output P1 is less than the power output P0, the DC-DC converters of the increase operation out of service.
9. the control method of photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 8, it is characterised in that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter starts When, the input voltage of DC-AC converters in photovoltaic combining inverter is adjusted, makes multiple DC-DC conversion in photovoltaic combining inverter The input power of at least one DC-DC converter in device is maximum, and now the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter is P0.
10. the control method of photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that methods described is also wrapped Include:
If the power output P1 is not less than the power output P0, the photovoltaic combining inverter is controlled to operate in output work Rate is P1 state.
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