CN104242341A - Direct-drive wind power conversion structure based on MMC and bipolar direct-current transmission structure - Google Patents
Direct-drive wind power conversion structure based on MMC and bipolar direct-current transmission structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN104242341A CN104242341A CN201410467096.2A CN201410467096A CN104242341A CN 104242341 A CN104242341 A CN 104242341A CN 201410467096 A CN201410467096 A CN 201410467096A CN 104242341 A CN104242341 A CN 104242341A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direct-drive wind power conversion structure based on an MMC and a bipolar direct-current transmission structure. The direct-drive wind power conversion structure comprises two direct-drive wind power generators, a machine side converter, a network side converter and a grid-connected transformer. The machine side converter is composed of two independent rectifying circuits, and each rectifying circuit comprises a du/dt filter, a controllable rectifier and a direct-current capacitor. The network side converter mainly comprises three groups of modular multi-level converters (MMCs). The direct-drive wind power conversion structure comprises twelve standard power unit submodules (SM) totally. The bipolar direct-current structure is adopted in the direct-drive wind power conversion structure based on the MMC and the bipolar direct-current transmission structure, so that when single-pole direct-current faults happen to a direct-current line, a fault pole rectification side converter shuts, and direct current output by a fault pole rectification side drops to zero, and in other words, no overcurrent causing the direct-current faults is generated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind power generation field, particularly a kind of directly driven wind-powered unsteady flow structure based on MMC and bipolar system direct current transmission structure.
Background technology
The power of Wind turbines continues to increase, current high-power wind-driven generator many employings six phase (double winding) motor, and export two groups of three-phase voltages (misphase or not misphase), every pool-size is the half of capacity motor; In the various schemes of wind power generation, direct-drive wind power generation mode, with its superior performance, becomes the focus of Study and appliance day by day; Existing high-capacity direct driving type aerogenerator, due to the restriction by tip speed ratio, the increase of capacity can cause the decline of generator speed, and the diameter equidimension of slow-speed of revolution high-capacity direct driving type aerogenerator will become very large, this brings extreme difficulties to the manufacture of generator, transport and lifting, to this, existing correlative study in industry, a kind of solution be use two identical directly drive generator coaxle series connection use, i.e. Cascade generator, this configuration increases the capacity of direct wind-driven generator, effectively have compressed the size of heavy-duty generator; Corresponding, the capacity requirement of grid-connected converter increases, and therefore the present invention just in time meets the grid-connected demand of this cascade generator.
Connected by current transformer between direct wind-driven generator and electrical network, wind electric converter is the indispensable energy conversion link of wind turbine generator, its Main Function is that the indefinite electric energy that the electric voltage frequency of wind-driven generator, amplitude floated is converted to frequency, amplitude stability, meet the electric energy of grid requirements, solve the crossing problem of low-voltage, by maximum power point tracking technology, wind energy can be utilized fully, improve generating efficiency further.
The generated output of current wind-driven generator has reached nearly 10MW, due in directly-driving wind power generation system, generator needs to be undertaken grid-connected by full power convertor, be subject to power electronic device and hold quantitative limitation, the conveying capacity of single cover current transformer can not meet the Energy Transfer demand of generator, for breaking through this restriction, the parallel technology of current transformer becomes study hotspot in wind generator system; Parallel technology is when power of fan is certain, and the device for power switching that power grade can be adopted lower transmits electric current, greatly reduces production cost.
In parallel connection type converter system, serious circulation problem can be produced; Circulation flows between the current transformer of parallel connection, and its existence adds loss, reduces system effectiveness, is that power device heating is serious, even burns; Often adopt in current research and solve circulation problem in parallel converters system in two ways: one is eliminate circulation channel on hardware, two is adopt suitable control method to suppress circulation; Usual employing hardware mode eliminates the method for circulation for adding isolating transformer, and isolating transformer can block the circulation loop of AC, eliminates circulation, simultaneously, adopt the isolating transformer of multi-form secondary structure, specific subharmonic can be eliminated, reduce the pollution to electrical network; Owing to working under power frequency, volume, the weight of usual isolating transformer are all very large, and it can cause the increase of system cost, so be not suitable in powerful permanent magnetism or the directly driven wind-powered system of electric excitation.
In prior art, the diameter equidimension of the slow-speed of revolution high-capacity direct driving type aerogenerator that separate unit uses is comparatively large, and this brings extreme difficulties to the manufacture of generator, transport and lifting;
In existing directly driven wind-powered current transformer, there is the following problem, as rectifier bridge input side current distortion is very serious, harmonic content is larger, and thus make generator power factor reduce, generator torque vibrates; Its DC voltage is also difficult to realize balance and controls, and the fluctuation of capacitance voltage inherently affects the overall output performance of device; In parallel connection type converter system, hardware mode is adopted to eliminate the method for circulation for adding isolating transformer, owing to working under power frequency, volume, the weight of usual isolating transformer are all very large, it can cause the increase of system cost, so be not suitable in powerful permanent magnetism or the directly driven wind-powered system of electric excitation; Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, overcome the shortcoming of prior art, a kind of directly driven wind-powered unsteady flow structure based on MMC and bipolar system direct current transmission structure is provided to adopt bipolarity straight flow structure, when DC line generation monopolar D. C fault, fault pole rectification side converter blocking, the direct current that then fault pole rectification side exports reduces to zero, namely can not produce the overcurrent of DC Line Fault
In order to solve above technical problem, the invention provides a kind of directly driven wind-powered unsteady flow structure based on MMC and bipolar system direct current transmission structure, comprise two direct wind-driven generators, first, second direct wind-driven generator i.e., form coaxial connection by arranging an electric capacity between two direct wind-driven generators, namely tandem uses;
The three-phase windings of two direct wind-driven generators independently arranges a du/dt filter and a rectifier and the output often overlapping three-phase windings is connected all successively, the positive direct-current output of the rectifier that the first direct wind-driven generator connects is connected after the first D.C. resistance by positive direct-current transmission line Access Network side converter, the negative DC output end of the rectifier that the second direct wind-driven generator connects is connected after the second D.C. resistance by negative direct current transmission line access side converter, the positive direct-current output common ground of the rectifier that the negative DC output end of the rectifier that the first direct wind-driven generator connects is connected with the second direct wind-driven generator, a direct current Support Capacitor is also provided with between the positive and negative DC output end of each rectifier,
Net side converter is three-phase alternating current export structure, namely net side converter is just included in, the three groups of modularization multi-level converters be arranged in parallel between negative DC link, often organize modularization multi-level converter to be made up of the calibration power submodule that 4 are arranged in series, edge just, negative DC link locality is followed successively by first to fourth calibration power submodule, wherein, second, two inductance have also been arranged in series between 3rd calibration power submodule, also comprise a three-phase filter capacitor group, the input of three-phase filter capacitor group connects the mid point often organized in modularization multi-level converter between two inductance, its output after grid-connected transformer for electrical network provides three-phase voltage,
Technique effect: in technique scheme, pusher side current transformer exports bipolarity direct voltage, for net side converter provides DC power supply, the direct voltage that the rectification of pusher side current transformer goes out is modulated into the three-phase voltage of interchange by net side converter, by exporting the control of three-phase voltage amplitude, phase place and frequency to inversion, through grid-connected transformer, export the three-phase voltage meeting grid requirements, complete the grid-connected function of wind power generation preferably.
The technical scheme that the present invention limits further is:
Further, the aforesaid directly driven wind-powered unsteady flow structure based on MMC and bipolar system direct current transmission structure, wind-driven generator is simplex winding direct wind-driven generator and often overlaps three-phase windings independently to arrange, the output often overlapping three-phase windings is connected a du/dt filter and a rectifier all successively, and namely every platform simplex winding direct wind-driven generator connects a du/dt filter and a rectifier;
The positive direct-current output of the rectifier that the first simplex winding direct wind-driven generator connects is connected after the first D.C. resistance by positive direct-current transmission line Access Network side converter, the negative DC output end of the rectifier that the second simplex winding direct wind-driven generator connects is connected by negative direct current transmission line access side converter after the second D.C. resistance, the positive direct-current output common ground of the rectifier that the negative DC output end of the rectifier that the first direct wind-driven generator connects is connected with the second direct wind-driven generator; A direct current Support Capacitor is also provided with between the positive and negative DC output end of each rectifier.
The aforesaid directly driven wind-powered unsteady flow structure based on MMC and bipolar system direct current transmission structure, direct wind-driven generator is double winding direct wind-driven generator and it often overlaps three-phase windings and independently arranges, the output often overlapping three-phase windings is connected a du/dt filter and a rectifier all successively, and namely every platform double winding direct wind-driven generator connects two du/dt filters and two rectifiers;
The positive direct-current output of two rectifiers that the first double winding direct wind-driven generator connects is connected after the first D.C. resistance jointly by positive direct-current transmission line Access Network side converter, the negative DC output end of two rectifiers that the second double winding direct wind-driven generator connects is connected by negative direct current transmission line access side converter after the second D.C. resistance jointly, the positive direct-current output common ground of two rectifiers that the negative DC output end of two rectifiers that the first direct wind-driven generator connects is connected with the second direct wind-driven generator; A direct current Support Capacitor is also provided with between the positive and negative DC output end of each rectifier.
The aforesaid directly driven wind-powered unsteady flow structure based on MMC and bipolar system direct current transmission structure, single calibration power submodule is half-bridge structure, comprise 2 igbts and 1 DC energy storage electric capacity composition, the source electrode of the first igbt connects the drain electrode of the second igbt, the two ends of DC energy storage electric capacity connect the drain electrode of the first igbt and the source electrode of the second igbt respectively, a diode in parallel and diode be just respectively for each igbt, negative pole connects source electrode and the drain electrode of igbt respectively, the positive pole of 2 diodes is respectively as the link of calibration power submodule.
The aforesaid directly driven wind-powered unsteady flow structure based on MMC and bipolar system direct current transmission structure, direct wind-driven generator is electric excitation direct driving wind driven generator or permanent magnet direct-driving aerogenerator.
The aforesaid directly driven wind-powered unsteady flow structure based on MMC and bipolar system direct current transmission structure, inductance is coupling or non-coupled inductance.
Compared with prior art:
1. the present invention is suitable for the occasion that wind-driven generator tandem uses, make single direct driving motor size little, be convenient to manufacture, transport and lifting, simultaneously cost is low, saves space, and structure is simple, and reaction speed is fast;
2. net side modularization multi-level converter (MMC) topological structure simple, have very large flexibility, control strategy is simple and reliable, can realize control that is meritorious and reactive power, effectively can reduce switching device switching frequency and meeting with stresses, can reach more high level to approach sine wave; MMC has the features such as switching loss is lower, fault ride-through capacity is strong;
3. in the present invention, each brachium pontis of current transformer is formed with power cell submodule series system, avoid the direct series connection of switching device, and during work, do not need the switching device Simultaneous Switching of all series connection on same brachium pontis, relatively low to the manufacture process requirement of current transformer, improve the reliability of current transformer;
4. current transformer employing net side and pusher side separation scheme are convenient in the present invention, namely net side inverter is placed at the bottom of tower and pusher side frequency converter is placed in tower top, the transmission of middle long distance DC bus, the topological structure of similar HVDC Light, thus the ac cable length of more effective saving generator side, reduce the overvoltage possibility that causes because of voltage reflection, and the electric cable heating phenomenon that the kelvin effect because of high-frequency ac current causes can be reduced;
In sum, adopt unipolar direct current transmission technology, compared to exchanging the cable that transmission can save about 25%, this current transformer is because adopt the bipolar structure of neutral earthing (pylon), direct voltage is ± Ud, direct current is 50% of acyclic type, and thus total transmission cable can reduce by more than 60%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Systematic schematic diagram when Fig. 1 is order winding direct wind-driven generator of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the systematic schematic diagram of the present invention when connecing double winding direct wind-driven generator;
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of the total calibration power submodule of the present invention.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiments provide a kind of directly driven wind-powered unsteady flow structure based on MMC and bipolar system direct current transmission structure, comprise two direct wind-driven generators, pusher side current transformer, net side converter and grid-connected transformer, pusher side current transformer is made up of two-way independence rectification circuit, each rectification circuit comprises du/dt filter, controlled rectifier, DC capacitor, two simplex winding electricity excitation direct driving wind driven generators that rectification input uses with tandem are respectively connected, the three-phase alternating current sent by wind-driven generator is rectified into direct voltage, with the two-way output-parallel of motor in four road commutating circuits, and then ground connection of connecting, thus whole pusher side current transformer exports bipolarity direct voltage,
Net side converter forms primarily of three groups of modularization multi-level converters (MMC), and this device comprises 12 calibration power unit submodules (SM) altogether; Net side converter three-phase, each facies unit is made up of upper and lower 2 brachium pontis, and each brachium pontis is made up of 2 submodules and 1 brachium pontis reactance, and export phase voltage three level, line voltage is five level; The direct voltage that the rectification of pusher side current transformer goes out is modulated into the three-phase voltage of interchange by net side converter, by controller, inversion is exported to the control of three-phase voltage amplitude, phase place and frequency, through grid-connected transformer, export the three-phase voltage meeting grid requirements, complete the grid-connected function of wind power generation preferably.
Pusher side current transformer of the present invention adopts bipolarity straight flow structure, and when DC line generation monopolar D. C fault, fault pole rectification side converter blocking, then the direct current that fault pole rectification side exports reduces to zero, namely can not produce the overcurrent of DC Line Fault.
embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2, present embodiments provide a kind of directly driven wind-powered unsteady flow structure based on MMC and bipolar system direct current transmission structure, comprise two direct wind-driven generators, pusher side current transformer, net side converter and grid-connected transformer, direct wind-driven generator is double winding direct wind-driven generator and it often overlaps three-phase windings and independently arranges, the output often overlapping three-phase windings is connected a du/dt filter and a rectifier all successively, and namely every platform double winding direct wind-driven generator connects two du/dt filters and two rectifiers;
The positive direct-current output of two rectifiers that the first double winding direct wind-driven generator connects is connected after the first D.C. resistance jointly by positive direct-current transmission line Access Network side converter, the negative DC output end of two rectifiers that the second double winding direct wind-driven generator connects is connected by negative direct current transmission line access side converter after the second D.C. resistance jointly, the positive direct-current output common ground of two rectifiers that the negative DC output end of two rectifiers that the first direct wind-driven generator connects is connected with the second direct wind-driven generator; A direct current Support Capacitor is also provided with between the positive and negative DC output end of each rectifier;
Net side converter forms primarily of three groups of modularization multi-level converters (MMC), and this device comprises 12 calibration power unit submodules (SM) altogether; Net side converter three-phase, each facies unit is made up of upper and lower 2 brachium pontis, and each brachium pontis is made up of 2 submodules and 1 brachium pontis reactance, and export phase voltage three level, line voltage is five level.
embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 3, in the present embodiment, SM submodule adopts half-bridge structure, be made up of 2 insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBTs and 1 DC energy storage electric capacity, and IGBT is a reversal connection diode VD in parallel respectively, by control VT1 and VT2 turn on and off can realize submodule input, cut out the state with locking.Further reasoning, any time regulates the output of alternating voltage by the submodule number adjusting upper and lower brachium pontis input, and the submodule number that each facies unit drops into simultaneously keeps n individual constant, and to maintain the constant of direct voltage, MMC output level number like this is n+1; The direct voltage that the rectification of pusher side current transformer goes out is modulated into the three-phase voltage of interchange by inverter, by controlling conducting and the shutoff of each power cell switching device, realizes the synthesis of three-phase alternating voltage, by grid-connected transformer access electrical network.
Above embodiment is only and technological thought of the present invention is described, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this, and every technological thought proposed according to the present invention, any change that technical scheme basis is done, all falls within scope.
Claims (6)
1. the directly driven wind-powered unsteady flow structure based on MMC and bipolar system direct current transmission structure, comprise two direct wind-driven generators, namely first, second direct wind-driven generator, is characterized in that, form coaxial connection by arranging an electric capacity between two direct wind-driven generators, namely tandem uses;
The three-phase windings of two direct wind-driven generators independently arranges a du/dt filter and a rectifier and the output often overlapping three-phase windings is connected all successively, the positive direct-current output of the rectifier that described first direct wind-driven generator connects is connected after the first D.C. resistance by positive direct-current transmission line Access Network side converter, the negative DC output end of the rectifier that described second direct wind-driven generator connects is connected after the second D.C. resistance by negative direct current transmission line access side converter, the positive direct-current output common ground of the rectifier that the negative DC output end of the rectifier that the first direct wind-driven generator connects is connected with the second direct wind-driven generator, a direct current Support Capacitor is also provided with between the positive and negative DC output end of each rectifier,
Described net side converter is three-phase alternating current export structure, namely net side converter is just included in, the three groups of modularization multi-level converters be arranged in parallel between negative DC link, often organize modularization multi-level converter to be made up of the calibration power submodule that 4 are arranged in series, edge just, negative DC link locality is followed successively by first to fourth calibration power submodule, wherein, second, two inductance have also been arranged in series between 3rd calibration power submodule, also comprise a three-phase filter capacitor group, the input of described three-phase filter capacitor group connects the mid point often organized in modularization multi-level converter between two inductance, its output after grid-connected transformer for electrical network provides three-phase voltage.
2. the directly driven wind-powered unsteady flow structure based on MMC and bipolar system direct current transmission structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described wind-driven generator is simplex winding direct wind-driven generator and often overlaps three-phase windings independently to arrange, the output often overlapping three-phase windings is connected a du/dt filter and a rectifier all successively, and namely every platform simplex winding direct wind-driven generator connects a du/dt filter and a rectifier;
The positive direct-current output of the rectifier that described first simplex winding direct wind-driven generator connects is connected after the first D.C. resistance by positive direct-current transmission line Access Network side converter, the negative DC output end of the rectifier that described second simplex winding direct wind-driven generator connects is connected by negative direct current transmission line access side converter after the second D.C. resistance, the positive direct-current output common ground of the rectifier that the negative DC output end of the rectifier that the first direct wind-driven generator connects is connected with the second direct wind-driven generator; A direct current Support Capacitor is also provided with between the positive and negative DC output end of each rectifier.
3. the directly driven wind-powered unsteady flow structure based on MMC and bipolar system direct current transmission structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described wind-driven generator is double winding direct wind-driven generator and it often overlaps three-phase windings and independently arranges, the output often overlapping three-phase windings is connected a du/dt filter and a rectifier all successively, and namely every platform double winding direct wind-driven generator connects two du/dt filters and two rectifiers;
The positive direct-current output of two rectifiers that described first double winding direct wind-driven generator connects is connected after the first D.C. resistance jointly by positive direct-current transmission line Access Network side converter, the negative DC output end of two rectifiers that described second double winding direct wind-driven generator connects is connected by negative direct current transmission line access side converter after the second D.C. resistance jointly, the positive direct-current output common ground of two rectifiers that the negative DC output end of two rectifiers that the first direct wind-driven generator connects is connected with the second direct wind-driven generator; A direct current Support Capacitor is also provided with between the positive and negative DC output end of each rectifier.
4. according to the directly driven wind-powered unsteady flow structure based on MMC and bipolar system direct current transmission structure in claims 1 to 3 described in any one claim, it is characterized in that, described single calibration power submodule is half-bridge structure, comprise 2 igbts and 1 DC energy storage electric capacity composition, the source electrode of described first igbt connects the drain electrode of the second igbt, the two ends of DC energy storage electric capacity connect the drain electrode of the first igbt and the source electrode of the second igbt respectively, a diode in parallel and described diode be just respectively for each igbt, negative pole connects source electrode and the drain electrode of igbt respectively, the positive pole of 2 diodes is respectively as the link of calibration power submodule.
5., according to the directly driven wind-powered unsteady flow structure based on MMC and bipolar system direct current transmission structure in claim 4 described in any one claim, it is characterized in that, described direct wind-driven generator is electric excitation direct driving wind driven generator or permanent magnet direct-driving aerogenerator.
6. according to the directly driven wind-powered unsteady flow structure based on MMC and bipolar system direct current transmission structure in claim 5 described in any one claim, it is characterized in that, described inductance is coupling or non-coupled inductance.
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| CN105790305A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-07-20 | 清华大学 | Offshore wind power grid connection system based on full-bridge MMC DC-side serial connection and control method thereof |
| CN105914733A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-31 | 清华大学 | Offshore platform power supply system based on full-bridge MMC DC side series connection and control method thereof |
| CN106452098A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-02-22 | 湖南大学 | High-voltage and large-power wind power generation system and control method thereof |
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| CN108512243A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-09-07 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Power transmission system, wind generating set and wind power plant |
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| CN114123300A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-03-01 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Single-wind-wheel double-winding motor direct-current series unified grid-connected system |
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| CN105790305B (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2018-12-11 | 清华大学 | Based on the concatenated offshore wind farm grid-connected system of full-bridge MMC DC side and its control method |
| CN105914733A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-31 | 清华大学 | Offshore platform power supply system based on full-bridge MMC DC side series connection and control method thereof |
| CN105790305A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-07-20 | 清华大学 | Offshore wind power grid connection system based on full-bridge MMC DC-side serial connection and control method thereof |
| CN106452098A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-02-22 | 湖南大学 | High-voltage and large-power wind power generation system and control method thereof |
| CN106452098B (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2018-08-03 | 湖南大学 | A kind of high-power wind generator system and its control method |
| CN106787459A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Wind power generator |
| CN106787459B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-12-25 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Wind power generator |
| CN108512243A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-09-07 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Power transmission system, wind generating set and wind power plant |
| CN110518600A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-11-29 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of grid-connected active support and control structure of PMSG of the modified multi-machine parallel connection based on VSG |
| TWI732482B (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2021-07-01 | 台達電子企業管理（上海）有限公司 | High-voltage dc transformation device and power system and control method thereof |
| US11239663B2 (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2022-02-01 | Delta Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | Energy storage device and power system and control method thereof |
| US11799293B2 (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2023-10-24 | Delta Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | High-voltage DC transformation apparatus and power system and control method thereof |
| CN114123300A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-03-01 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Single-wind-wheel double-winding motor direct-current series unified grid-connected system |
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Application publication date: 20141224 |
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