CN104079184A - Wind power converter based on bipolar direct-current structure - Google Patents
Wind power converter based on bipolar direct-current structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN104079184A CN104079184A CN201410282978.1A CN201410282978A CN104079184A CN 104079184 A CN104079184 A CN 104079184A CN 201410282978 A CN201410282978 A CN 201410282978A CN 104079184 A CN104079184 A CN 104079184A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
Abstract
The invention discloses a wind power converter based on a bipolar direct-current structure. The wind power converter comprises a machine side converter and a net side converter which are connected. The wind power converter is characterized in that the machine side converter is composed of at least two controllable rectification circuits which are connected with a cascade wind generating set at an alternating current input side, three-phase alternating currents output by the cascade wind generating set are converted into bipolar direct currents to be output, and bipolar direct-current outputs are connected in series at a first series-connection point at a direct-current output side and then are connected to the ground. The net side converter is composed of at least two controllable inversion circuits, the bipolar direct currents output by the machine side converter are converted into three-phase alternating currents to be output, bipolar direct-current inputs are connected in series at a second series-connection point on a direct-current input side and then are connected to the ground, and an alternating-current output side is divided into two circuits to be connected to a double three-phase input winding grid connection transformer. According to the wind power converter, loop currents generated by parallel connection of converters are reduced, cable losses are reduced, and cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind power generation field, particularly the circuit topological structure of the directly driven wind-powered current transformer in wind power generation.
Background technology
Along with the power of wind-powered electricity generation unit continues to increase, high-power wind-driven generator adopts six-phase motor more at present, exports two groups of three-phase voltages (misphase or not misphase), the half that every pool-size is capacity motor.In the various schemes of wind power generation, direct-drive wind power generation mode, with its superior performance, becomes the focus of research and application day by day.But existing high-capacity direct driving type aerogenerator, owing to being subject to the restriction of tip speed ratio, the increase of capacity can cause the decline of generator speed, and the diameter equidimension of slow-speed of revolution high-capacity direct driving type aerogenerator will become very large, this brings very big difficulty to manufacture, transport and the lifting of generator, to this, existing correlative study in industry, a kind of solution is to use two identical generator coaxle series connection of directly driving to use, it is Cascade generator, this structure has increased the capacity of direct wind-driven generator, has effectively compressed the size of heavy-duty generator.
Between direct wind-driven generator and electrical network, connect by current transformer, wind electric converter is the indispensable energy conversion link of wind turbine generator, its Main Function is that the electric voltage frequency of wind-driven generator, the unsteady indefinite electric energy of amplitude are converted to frequency, amplitude stability, meet the electric energy that electrical network requires, solve the crossing problem of low-voltage, by maximum power point tracking technology, can utilize fully wind energy, further improve generating efficiency.
As shown in Figure 1, be the topology diagram of the directly driven wind-powered current transformer of traditional 2MW.The directly driven wind-powered low-pressure system that mostly is 660V or 690V of main flow now, direct voltage Ud is generally 1050V left and right, and capacity, at 2.5MW and following, need to adopt two cover current transformer parallel connections to carry out raising capacity conventionally.Generally
Existing high-power directly driven wind-powered current transformer is owing to being subject to the restriction of power device current class, capacity raising difficulty relatively, 3MW and above current transformer can only adopt three covers and above current transformer mode in parallel or many direct parallel connections of power device to improve the capacity of current transformer conventionally.But power device directly particularly many direct modes in parallel of power device in parallel easily produces equal flow problem, between parallel IGBT, electric current is inconsistent, thereby has reduced the utilance of IGBT.The current transformer circulation problem that easily produces in parallel, circulation flows between current transformer in parallel, and its existence has increased loss, and has reduced system effectiveness, makes power device heating serious, even burns.In research, often adopt and solve in two ways circulation problem in parallel converters system at present: the one, on hardware, eliminate circulation channel, the 2nd, adopt suitable control method to suppress circulation.Conventionally adopt the method for hardware mode elimination circulation for adding isolating transformer, isolating transformer can be blocked the circulation loop of AC, eliminates circulation, simultaneously, adopt the isolating transformer of multi-form secondary structure, can eliminate specific subharmonic, reduce the pollution to electrical network.Cause system configuration complexity huge but add isolating transformer, cost strengthens.Conventionally can make control and measurement system complex and adopt suitable control mode to suppress circulation.If have a set of short trouble that occurs in the direct parallel way of many cover current transformers in addition, other parallel branch must be protected, thereby has reduced the reliability of system.
In addition because AC and DC electric pressure is all lower, along with the increase of wind turbine pool-size, required direct current or interchange transmission cable or busbar increase, and line loss and cost also can strengthen thereupon.
Summary of the invention
For the existing defect of prior art, the present invention is based on the application scenario of tandem wind-driven generator, provide a kind of novel wind power generation high-power circuit topological structure scheme of directly driving current transformer, adopt the simple structure decrease current transformer circulation producing in parallel, reduce line loss, strengthen the reliability of system.
The following technical scheme of the concrete employing of the present invention:
A kind of wind electric converter based on bipolar system straight flow structure, comprise interconnective pusher side current transformer and net side converter, it is characterized in that described pusher side current transformer is made up of two-way controlled rectification loop at least, described at least two-way controlled rectification loop is exchanging input side connection Cascade wind turbine generator, convert the three-phase alternating current of Cascade wind turbine generator output the output of to bipolarity direct current, the output of bipolarity direct current is connected to ground after one first series connection point series connection of direct current outlet side; Described net side converter is made up of the controlled inversion circuit of two-way at least, convert the bipolarity direct current of pusher side current transformer output to three-phase alternating current output, the input of bipolarity direct current is connected to ground after one second series connection point series connection of direct current input side, exchanges outlet side and divides two-way to be connected to the grid-connected transformer of two three-phase input winding.
Wind electric converter based on bipolar system straight flow structure of the present invention, its circuit topological structure is made up of pusher side current transformer (rectifier), net side converter (inverter) and direct current transportation loop.Pusher side current transformer You Si road or two-way independence controlled rectification loop form, and it is input as three-phase alternating voltage, is output as bipolarity direct voltage.The independent controlled inversion circuit composition of net side converter Ye You tetra-roads or two-way, it is input as bipolarity direct voltage, is output as two-way three-phase alternating voltage.Controlled inversion circuit is divided into two-way at interchange outlet side, is connected to respectively the grid-connected transformer of two three-phases input windings, is connected with electrical network through grid-connected transformer.
The grid-connected transformer of two three-phase input windings has been avoided three covers and above directly parallel connection of current transformer, thereby has reduced the circulation between current transformer.Grid-connected transformer outlet side boosts to 10kV or 35kV, determines according to line voltage.System is divided into positive and negative polarities, and equivalence has improved direct voltage, has reduced electric current, and has strengthened reliability of operation, is applicable to high-power wind power converter.
The bipolar DC system structure of direct current employing ± Ud between pusher side current transformer of the present invention and net side converter, DC series point ground connection, the positive and negative polarity point of pusher side current transformer direct current outlet side is connected to respectively the positive and negative polarity point of net side inverter direct current input side, forms bipolar system straight flow structure.At the insulation level that does not improve circuit, motor, current transformer and whole system, under same dielectric voltage withstand condition, rated direct voltage equivalence doubles, and can reduce direct current 50% like this, reduces line loss; Pusher side current transformer and net side converter can be separated, if pusher side current transformer is placed in tower top, at the bottom of net side converter is placed in tower, between two cover current transformers, adopt direct current cables (or bus) to connect, carry out direct current transmission, can greatly reduce transmission cable, reduce costs; System is divided into positive and negative the two poles of the earth, unipolarity current transformer independent operating, and arbitrary polar end fault only affects the fault utmost point, does not almost affect, thereby improved the reliability of system to perfecting the utmost point, is applicable to high-power wind power converter.
Two three-phase input windings of the two-way output of net side converter and grid-connected transformer are connected, and by PWM phase shifting control, can equivalence improve switching frequency, and reduce the harmonic wave of grid-connected current.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
A. be beneficial to motor tandem use, make single motor size little, be convenient to manufacture, transport and lifting;
B. be more suitable for the large merit direct wind-driven generator group of 3MW and above vast capacity and the application scenario of current transformer;
C. adopt dipolar configuration form, when one pole current transformer side fault, only affect a utmost point of fault, and fault-free utmost point current transformer is not almost affected, thereby improved system reliability;
D. the grid-connected transformer of two three-phase input windings has been avoided three covers and above directly parallel connection of current transformer, thereby has reduced the circulation between current transformer parallel connection;
E. the current transformer of being more convenient for adopts net side and pusher side separation scheme, at the bottom of net side inverter is placed in tower and pusher side current transformer be placed in tower top, middle length is transmitted apart from DC bus, the topological structure of similar flexible DC power transmission, thereby the ac cable length of more effective saving generating pusher side, reduce the overvoltage possibility causing because of voltage reflection, reduce the electric cable heating phenomenon causing because of the kelvin effect of high-frequency ac current, thereby also reduced the capacity of du/dt filter;
F. by analysis, adopt unipolar direct current transmission structure, transmit than exchanging the cable that can save 25% left and right, this current transformer is because adopt the bipolar system direct current transmission structure of neutral earthing (pylon), and direct current is acyclic type 50%, thereby total transmission cable can be saved 62.5% left and right, even if adopt one pole cable loop line, also the cable that can save 43% left and right, has reduced line loss and number of cables, greatly reduces cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is traditional 2MW wind electric converter topology diagram;
Fig. 2 is the topology diagram of wind electric converter embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the topology diagram of wind electric converter embodiment 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the topology diagram of wind electric converter embodiment 3 of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the topology diagram of wind electric converter embodiment 4 of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is ground connection and connected mode 1 schematic diagram that neutral point serial connection point G1, G2 are ordered;
Fig. 7 is ground connection and connected mode 2 schematic diagrames that neutral point serial connection point G1, G2 are ordered;
Fig. 8 is ground connection and connected mode 3 schematic diagrames that neutral point serial connection point G1, G2 are ordered;
Fig. 9 is the star-like connection of electric capacity LC filter;
Figure 10 is that electric capacity angle type connects LC filter;
Figure 11 is the star-like connection of electric capacity LCL filter;
Figure 12 is that electric capacity angle type connects LCL filter;
Figure 13 is grid-connected transformer device structure form 1;
Figure 14 is grid-connected transformer device structure form 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further illustrated, but embodiment does not form the restriction to the claimed scope of the present invention.
Fig. 2-Fig. 5 is the system principle diagram of technical solution of the present invention embodiment 1-embodiment 4, is respectively four kinds of different topological structures.Four kinds of circuit topological structure general principles are similar, just difference to some extent on rectification in parallel and inversion circuit; Four kinds of circuit are all made up of following part: direct wind-driven generator, pusher side current transformer, direct current transmission circuit (when separated type structure), net side converter and grid-connected transformer that tandem is used.Wherein wind-driven generator is permanent magnet direct-driving aerogenerator or electric excitation direct driving wind driven generator, wherein the motor in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is double-winding motor, motor in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 version is simplex winding motor, is all that two identical motor tandems are used in four kinds of structures.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 2, be topological structure form 1, in this version, employing be that doublewound permanent magnetism or electric excitation direct driving wind driven generator tandem are used.Pusher side current transformer is connected with wind-driven generator, the three-phase alternating current that wind-driven generator is sent is rectified into bipolarity direct voltage, pusher side current transformer comprises four commutating circuits, a give a dinner for a visitor from afar winding of power generator of each loop, formed by du/dt filter, PWM rectifier, DC support electric capacity etc., the direct current outlet side parallel connection of two commutating circuits that same motor connects, direct current output between two motors is connected at G1 point, series connection node ground connection, the positive and negative polarities bus of final rectification output dc voltage; Net side converter, is reverse into two-way three-phase alternating voltage by the bipolarity direct voltage of rectification output, and this part comprises four road inversion circuits, and each inversion circuit is made up of discharge capacity, PWM inverter, filter; The direct current input side of inverter is the ground connection of connecting again after two-way parallel connection, series connection contact is G2, AC is the two-way parallel connection of the same direct voltage utmost point, output two-way three-phase current, connect two three-phase input windings of the grid-connected transformer primary side of three windings, inverter adopts four line structures, has increased the capacity of inversion output, wherein branch road redundancy each other in parallel.The three-phase alternating voltage that grid-connected transformer goes out inversion boosts to 10kV or 35kV line voltage networks.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 3, be topological structure form 2, in this version, motor and pusher side current transformer scheme are with above-mentioned version 1.Net side converter, is reverse into two-way three-phase alternating voltage by the bipolarity direct voltage of rectification output, and this part comprises two-way inversion circuit, and each inversion circuit is made up of discharge capacity, PWM inverter, filter; The direct current input side series connection contact G2 of inverter is connected to ground.Exchange outlet side and export two-way three-phase current by filter, connect two three-phase input windings of the grid-connected transformer primary side of three windings.The three-phase alternating voltage that grid-connected transformer goes out inversion boosts to 10kV or 35kV line voltage networks.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 4, be topological structure form 3, in this version, employing be that the permanent magnetism of simplex winding or electric excitation direct driving wind driven generator tandem are used.Pusher side current transformer is connected with wind-driven generator, the three-phase alternating current that wind-driven generator is sent is rectified into bipolarity direct voltage, pusher side current transformer comprises two commutating circuits, each loop respectively connects the winding of a wind-driven generator, formed by du/dt filter, PWM rectifier, DC support electric capacity, direct current output after rectification is connected at G1 point, series connection node ground connection, the positive and negative polarities bus of final rectification output dc voltage; Net side converter, is reverse into two-way three-phase alternating voltage by the bipolarity direct voltage of rectification output, and this part comprises four road inversion circuits, and each inversion circuit is made up of discharge capacity, PWM inverter, filter; The DC side of inverter is the ground connection of connecting again after two-way parallel connection, series connection contact is G2, AC is the two-way parallel connection of the same direct voltage utmost point, output two-way three-phase current, then connect two three-phase input windings of the grid-connected transformer primary side of three windings, inverter adopts four line structures, has increased the capacity of inversion output, wherein branch road redundancy each other in parallel.The three-phase alternating voltage that grid-connected transformer goes out inversion boosts to 10kV or 35kV line voltage networks.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 5, be topological structure form 4, in this version, employing be that the permanent magnetism of simplex winding or electric excitation direct driving wind driven generator tandem are used.Pusher side current transformer is connected with wind-driven generator, the three-phase alternating current that wind-driven generator is sent is rectified into bipolarity direct voltage, pusher side current transformer comprises two commutating circuits, each loop respectively connects the winding of a wind-driven generator, formed by du/dt filter, PWM rectifier, DC support electric capacity, direct current output after rectification is connected at G1 point, series connection node ground connection, the positive and negative polarities bus of final rectification output dc voltage; Net side converter, is reverse into two-way three-phase alternating voltage by the bipolarity direct voltage of rectification output, and this part comprises two-way inversion circuit, and each inversion circuit is made up of discharge capacity, PWM inverter, filter; The direct current input side of inverter, in the series connection of G2 point, exchanges outlet side and exports two-way three-phase current by filter, connects two three phase windings of the grid-connected transformer primary side of three windings.The three-phase alternating voltage that grid-connected transformer goes out inversion boosts to 10kV or 35kV line voltage networks.
Current transformer is bipolar structure, and pusher side current transformer DC loop is by the series connection of G1 point, and it is to connect by G2 point that the direct current of net side converter returns; As Figure 6-Figure 8, if do not have cable to connect between G1 point and G2, G1 and G2 point are distinguished ground connection, as shown in Figure 6 for the connection that G1 and G2 are ordered and earthing mode; If there is cable to connect, can, G1 point ground connection, also can, G2 point ground connection, between 2, only need ground connection (selection facilitates the point of ground connection) on one point, connect and can make two series connection points all be connected to ground by cable, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8.Thereby without the insulation voltage grade that improves generator, current transformer and whole system, DC loop voltage is ± Ud.
In four kinds of topological structure forms, the conceptual scheme of inversion output Three-phase electric-wave filter is as shown in Fig. 9-Figure 12, and this filter can adopt the filtering of LC structure, also can adopt the filtering of LCL structure, and in two kinds of filter circuit constructions, capacitor C can connect or star-like connection by angle type.
Grid-connected step down side adopts double winding, connects the two-way three-phase alternating voltage that the inversion of net side converter goes out, and as Figure 13 and Figure 14, transformer can adopt Y, Y, and the d mode of connection, also can adopt D, D, the y mode of connection.
In the time that current transformer adopts separation scheme, at the bottom of net side inverter is placed in tower and pusher side current transformer be placed in tower top, utilize both positive and negative polarity DC bus to carry out power delivery, middle length is transmitted apart from DC bus, the topological structure of similar flexible DC power transmission, thereby the ac cable length of more effective saving generating pusher side, reduces the overvoltage possibility causing because of voltage reflection, reduces the electric cable heating phenomenon causing because of the kelvin effect of high-frequency ac current.
The present invention adopts dipolar configuration, does not affect the normal operation of the non-fault utmost point when one-sided fault, and now system is switched to monopolar operation pattern by normal operation mode.
Between two series direct current mid points (G1 and G2), can adopt cable to connect or connect without cable, while having cable to connect, when monopolar operation, there is no earth-current, can not cause earthy variation, while not having cable to connect, when monopolar operation, having earth-current to produce.
By analysis, adopt unipolar direct current transmission technology, transmit than exchanging the cable that can save 25% left and right, this current transformer is because adopt the bipolar system structure of neutral earthing (pylon), direct current is 50% of acyclic type, thereby total transmission cable can save 62.5% left and right, even if adopt one pole cable loop line, also can save the cable of 43% left and right.
Claims (7)
1. the wind electric converter based on bipolar system straight flow structure, comprise interconnective pusher side current transformer and net side converter, it is characterized in that described pusher side current transformer is made up of two-way controlled rectification loop at least, described at least two-way controlled rectification loop is exchanging input side connection Cascade wind turbine generator, convert the three-phase alternating current of Cascade wind turbine generator output the output of to bipolarity direct current, the output of bipolarity direct current is connected to ground after one first series connection point series connection of direct current outlet side; Described net side converter is made up of the controlled inversion circuit of two-way at least, convert the bipolarity direct current of pusher side current transformer output to three-phase alternating current output, the input of bipolarity direct current is connected to ground after one second series connection point series connection of direct current input side, exchanges outlet side and divides two-way to be connected to the grid-connected transformer of two three-phase input winding.
2. the wind electric converter based on bipolar system straight flow structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described pusher side current transformer is made up of two-way controlled rectification loop, described Cascade wind turbine generator is made up of two simplex winding wind-driven generator tandems, and two-way controlled rectification loop is exchanging the each typhoon power generator that connects of input side.
3. the wind electric converter based on bipolar system straight flow structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that controlled rectification loop, described pusher side current transformer You Si road composition, described Cascade wind turbine generator is made up of two double winding wind-driven generator tandems, every typhoon power generator connects two-way controlled rectification loop, the two-way controlled rectification loop that same typhoon power generator connects is in the parallel connection of direct current outlet side, and controlled rectification loop is rear series connection in parallel between two.
4. the wind electric converter based on bipolar system straight flow structure as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-3, is characterized in that described net side converter is made up of the controlled inversion circuit of two-way.
5. the wind electric converter based on bipolar system straight flow structure as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that the controlled inversion circuit composition in described net side converter You Si road, the series connection after direct current input side is in parallel between two of the four controlled inversion circuits in tunnel, the controlled inversion circuit of two-way in parallel connects the same three-phase input winding of the grid-connected transformer of two three-phase input winding at interchange outlet side.
6. the wind electric converter based on bipolar system straight flow structure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described first and second series connection point connects by cable.
7. the wind electric converter based on bipolar system straight flow structure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described pusher side current transformer is placed in tower top while installation, and net side converter is placed in pylon bottom.
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| CN104578875A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-04-29 | 南京信息职业技术学院 | Direct-current input circuit for photovoltaic inverter |
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| CN106329570A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-01-11 | 深圳市长昊机电有限公司 | Wind turbine generator system |
| CN107171579A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-15 | 天津滨海光热技术研究院有限公司 | Joule heating device and the light field with electric heating function |
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