CN104113084B - The control method of wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is the control method of a kind of wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system, comprise set up based on double fed induction generators wind turbine model, set up cell model and carry out the content such as controlling to grid-connected system, fully can react the validity to wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system modeling and control; Improve the receiving ability of electrical network to new forms of energy, strong adaptability, has higher actual application value.

Description

The control method of wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system

Technical field

The present invention is the control method of a kind of wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system, be applied to wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system modeling and simulating, Grid-connected Control Strategy research and with electrical network interaction mechanism research and apply.

Background technology

Because wind power exports, there is randomness, intermittence and fluctuation, adverse influence is caused to power network safety operation.For effectively addressing this problem, improve wind power output power quality, theory significance and the engineer applied of many researcher active research and exploration wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system are worth.By adopting the technological means of science innovation, achieve wind generator system and electrolysis tank coordination optimization control strategy reaches stable output power, and then solve wind generator system and to be incorporated into the power networks the technical barriers such as produced power fluctuation, provide strong theory support and technological guidance for wind-powered electricity generation large-scale develops and utilizes.Wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system is to improve wind energy utilization, and advance large-scale developing and utilizing of China's wind energy, hydrogen resource, realizing energy sustainable development has very important practical significance.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is, provide that a kind of electrical network is strong to new forms of energy ability to arrange jobs, adaptability good, have the control method of the wind-powered electricity generation of high value of practical-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system.

The object of the invention is to be realized by following technical scheme: the control method of a kind of wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system, it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:

1) wind turbine model based on double fed induction generators is set up

Wind turbines aerodynamics Mathematical Modeling is:

$P_M={\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{air}}{C}_p(\mathrm{\λ},\mathrm{\β})\mathrm{\π}{R}^2{V}_w^3/2---\left(1\right)$

Wherein: P _mthe wind energy transformation of catching for wind turbine becomes the mechanical output of Wind turbines, ρ _airfor the atmospheric density of wind power integration point, C _pfor the wind energy conversion efficiency coefficient of blade, be the function at wind turbine tip speed ratio and pitch control angle, λ is the tip speed ratio of wind turbine, and β is the pitch control angle of Wind turbines, and π is circumference ratio, and generally getting 3.1415926, R is wind turbine impeller radius, V _wfor the wind speed constantly of wind power integration point;

Two matter block axle coefficient model equations of wind turbine and generator are:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}2H_{T}d{\mathrm{\ω}}_T/\mathrm{dt}=T_M-K_S{\mathrm{\θ}}_S-D_T{\mathrm{\ω}}_T\\ 2H_{G}d{\mathrm{\ω}}_G/\mathrm{dt}=K_S{\mathrm{\θ}}_S-T_E-D_G{\mathrm{\ω}}_G\\ d{\mathrm{\θ}}_S/\mathrm{dt}={\mathrm{\ω}}_0({\mathrm{\ω}}_T-{\mathrm{\ω}}_G)\end{array}\right.---\left(2\right)$

Wherein: H _tfor the inertia constant of wind turbine, ω _tfor the angular rate of wind turbine, T _mfor the machine torque of wind turbine, K _sfor the stiffness coefficient of wind turbine and generator shaft, θ _sbe relative angular displacement between two matter blocks, D _tfor wind turbine rotor damping coefficient, H _gfor the inertia constant of generator, ω _gfor the angular rate of induction generator, T _efor the electromagnetic torque of generator, D _gfor generator amature damping coefficient, ω ₀for the synchronous angular velocity of electrical network, d ω _t/ dt is the derivative of wind turbine angular speed to the time, d ω _g/ dt is the derivative of induction generator angular rate to the time, d θ _s/ dt be between two matter blocks relative angular displacement to the derivative of time;

Under synchronous rotating frame, the voltage equation of double fed induction generators is:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{u}_{\mathrm{sd}}=d{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{sd}}/\mathrm{dt}-{\mathrm{\ω}}_s{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{sq}}+R_s{i}_{\mathrm{sd}}\\ u_{\mathrm{sq}}=d{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{sq}}/\mathrm{dt}-{\mathrm{\ω}}_s{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{sd}}+R_s{i}_{\mathrm{sq}}\\ u_{\mathrm{rd}}=d{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{rd}}/\mathrm{dt}-s{\mathrm{\ω}}_s{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{rq}}+R_r{i}_{\mathrm{rd}}\\ u_{\mathrm{rq}}=d{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{rq}}/\mathrm{dt}-s{\mathrm{\ω}}_s{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{rd}}+R_r{i}_{\mathrm{rq}}\end{array}\right.---\left(3\right)$

Flux linkage equations is

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{sd}}=L_s{i}_{\mathrm{sd}}+L_m{i}_{\mathrm{rd}}\\ {\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{sq}}=L_s{i}_{\mathrm{sq}}+L_m{i}_{\mathrm{rq}}\\ {\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{rd}}=L_r{i}_{\mathrm{rd}}+L_m{i}_{\mathrm{sd}}\\ {\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{rq}}=L_r{i}_{\mathrm{rq}}+L_m{i}_{\mathrm{sq}}\end{array}\right.---\left(4\right)$

Wherein: u _sdwith u _sqbe respectively generator unit stator d axle and q axle winding voltage, u _rdwith u _rqbe respectively generator amature d axle and q axle winding voltage, ψ _sdwith ψ _sqbe respectively generator unit stator d axle and q axle winding magnetic linkage, ψ _rdwith ψ _rqbe respectively generator amature d axle and q axle winding magnetic linkage, i _sdwith i _sqbe respectively generator unit stator d axle and q axle winding current, i _rdwith i _rqbe respectively generator amature d axle and q axle winding current, ω _sfor coordinate system rotation angular speed, R _sfor the resistance of generator unit stator winding, R _rfor the resistance of generator amature winding, s is the slip of generator, L _sfor generator unit stator winding from induction reactance, L _rfor generator amature winding from induction reactance, L _mfor the mutual inductance between generator amature and stator winding resists, d ψ _sd/ dt and d ψ _sq/ dt is respectively generator unit stator d axle and q axle winding magnetic linkage to the derivative of time, d ψ _rd/ dt and d ψ _rq/ dt is respectively generator amature d axle and q axle winding magnetic linkage to the derivative of time;

Generator unit stator voltage vector direction setting is d axle, therefore generator unit stator d axle winding voltage equals generator unit stator voltage vector, and generator unit stator q axle winding voltage equals 0, and therefore, the active power that double fed induction generators exports and reactive power are:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{P}_s=-3U_s{L}_m{i}_{\mathrm{rd}}/\left(2L_s\right)\\ Q_s=3(U_s^2/{\mathrm{\ω}}_s{L}_s+U_s{L}_m{i}_{\mathrm{rq}}/L_s)/2\end{array}\right.---\left(5\right)$

Wherein: P _swith Q _sbe respectively active power and the reactive power of double fed induction generators output, U _sfor generator unit stator voltage vector, L _mfor the mutual inductance between generator amature and stator winding resists, i _rdwith i _rqbe respectively generator amature d axle and q axle winding current, L _sfor generator unit stator winding from induction reactance, ω _sfor coordinate system rotation angular speed;

2) cell model is set up

Anode electrolytic cell and cathode electrode reaction are:

Wherein: H ₂o is water, O ₂for oxygen, H ₂for hydrogen, H ⁺for hydrogen ion, e is electronics;

Anode equilibrium equation is

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{{\mathrm{dN}}_{O_2}}{\mathrm{dt}}=N_{O_2}^{\mathrm{ina}}-N_{O_2}^{\mathrm{outa}}+N_{O_2}^{\mathrm{gen}}\\ \frac{d{N}_{H_2\mathrm{Oa}}}{\mathrm{dt}}=N_{H_{2}O}^{\mathrm{ina}}-N_{H_{2}O}^{\mathrm{outa}}-N_{H_{2}O}^{\mathrm{mem}}\end{array}\right.---\left(7\right)$

Wherein: with be respectively the mole of anode oxygen and water, with be respectively mole flow velocity that anode flows into and flows out oxygen, with be respectively mole flow velocity that anode flows into and flows out water, for the flow velocity of the oxygen that anode produces, for electromigration and diffusion flow velocity, with be respectively mole flow velocity of anode oxygen and water;

Negative electrode equilibrium equation is:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{{\mathrm{dN}}_{H_2}}{\mathrm{dt}}=N_{H_2}^{\mathrm{inc}}-N_{H_2}^{\mathrm{outc}}+N_{H_2}^{\mathrm{gen}}\\ \frac{d{N}_{H_2\mathrm{Oc}}}{\mathrm{dt}}=N_{H_{2}O}^{\mathrm{inc}}-N_{H_{2}O}^{\mathrm{outc}}-N_{H_{2}O}^{\mathrm{mem}}\end{array}\right.---\left(8\right)$

Wherein: with be respectively the mole of cathodic hydrogen and water, with be respectively mole flow velocity that negative electrode flows into and flows out oxygen, with be respectively mole flow velocity that negative electrode flows into and flows out water, for the flow velocity of the hydrogen that negative electrode produces, for electromigration and diffusion flow velocity, with be respectively mole flow velocity of cathodic hydrogen and water;

Electrolysis tank global voltage is:

$V_{\mathrm{ele}}=E_{\mathrm{ele}}+V_{\mathrm{ele}}^{\mathrm{act}}+V_{\mathrm{ele}}^{\mathrm{ohm}}---\left(9\right)$

In formula

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{E}_{\mathrm{ele}}=\frac{1}{2F}(\mathrm{\Δ}{G}_{\mathrm{ele}}+{\mathrm{RT}}_{\mathrm{ele}}[\ln \left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{H2}^{\mathrm{ele}}\sqrt{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{O2}^{\mathrm{ele}}}}{{\mathrm{\α}}_{H2O}^{\mathrm{ele}}}\right))\\ V_{\mathrm{ele}}^{\mathrm{act}}=\frac{{\mathrm{RT}}_{\mathrm{ele}}}{2\mathrm{\βF}}\ln \left(\frac{{\stackrel{\‾}{I}}_{\mathrm{ele}}}{{\stackrel{\‾}{I}}_{\mathrm{ele}0}}\right)\\ V_{\mathrm{ele}}^{\mathrm{ohm}}={\stackrel{\‾}{I}}_{\mathrm{ele}}{R}_{\mathrm{ele}}^{\mathrm{ohm}}\end{array}\right.---\left(10\right)$

Wherein: V _elefor electrolysis tank global voltage, E _elefor open circuit voltage, for activation polarization voltage, for ohmic polarization voltage, F is Faraday constant, Δ G _elefor the Gibbs free energy change of electrochemical reaction process, R is gas constant, T _elefor electrolyzer temperature, for cathodic hydrogen dividing potential drop, for anode oxygen partial pressure, for the water activity between anode and electrolyte, β is carry-over factor, for current density, for exchange current density, for film resistance;

3) to the control of grid-connected system

Wind energy turbine set standard deviation power is:

$P_{W-\mathrm{\δ}}=\sqrt{\frac{\underset{t-T}{\overset{t}{\∫}}{(P_W-P_{W-\mathrm{ESM}})}^2\mathrm{dt}}{T}}---\left(11\right)$

Wherein: P _w-δfor wind energy turbine set standard deviation power, P _wfor Power Output for Wind Power Field, P _w-ESMfor the wind energy turbine set doped through exponential smoothing exports more stable power, T is the time interval;

Grid-connected system reference power is:

P _REF＝P _W-ESM-P _W-δ(12)

Wherein: P _rEFfor grid-connected system online reference power, P _w-ESMfor the wind energy turbine set doped through exponential smoothing exports more stable power, P _w-δfor wind energy turbine set standard deviation power;

Electrolysis tank consumed power is:

P _C＝P _W-P _REF(13)

Wherein: P _cfor the power that electrolysis tank consumes, P _wfor Power Output for Wind Power Field, P _rEFfor grid-connected system online reference power;

Application " first in first out " algorithm, carry out electrolysis tank optimal control, idiographic flow is:

A initialization electrolysis tank switch sequence number, AELN and LAEL,

If B TELN is greater than AELN enter C, otherwise enters I,

C electrolysis tank switch opens and electrolysis tank are opened number of times and are less than electrolysis tank and continue to open maximum times, enter D, otherwise enter E,

D electrolysis tank is opened number of times and is equaled the number of times that moment electrolysis tank opens and add 1, enters E,

This electrolysis tank sequence number of E reaches maximum, enters F, otherwise judges that next electrolysis tank returns C,

If the next electrolysis tank switch of F LAEL is cut out, enter G, otherwise enter H,

Electrolysis tank switch is placed in the number of times that electrolysis tank opens by open state and puts this moment AELN by G, and this moment AELN equals moment AELN and adds this moment LAEL, and equals the sequence number of current electrolysis tank, enters H,

If H AELN reaches TELN, terminate, otherwise judge that next electrolysis tank returns F,

I finds and opens the maximum electrolysis tank of number of times, enters J,

The number of times that this electrolysis tank of J is opened reaches the maximum times that electrolysis tank continues to open, and enters K, otherwise enters M,

Electrolysis tank switch is placed in off status by K, the number of times zero AELN that opens of electrolysis tank is equaled AELN and subtracts 1, enters L

This electrolysis tank sequence number of M reaches maximum, enters N, otherwise judges that next electrolysis tank returns J,

N electrolysis tank has been opened maximum times and has been equaled electrolysis tank and opened maximum times and subtract 1, enters O,

If O AELN reaches TELN, terminate, otherwise judge that next electrolysis tank returns J,

Wherein: AELN is the electrolysis tank number activated in a certain moment, and LAEL is the sequence number of the electrolysis tank that the last time opens, TELN is the electrolysis tank number needing in device for producing hydrogen to install.

The control method of wind-powered electricity generation of the present invention-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system, it comprise set up based on double fed induction generators wind turbine model, set up cell model and carry out the content such as controlling to grid-connected system, fully can react the validity to wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system modeling and control; Improve the receiving ability of electrical network to new forms of energy, strong adaptability, has higher actual application value.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system overall structure schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 is that wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing is generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems power relation schematic diagram between each subsystem;

Fig. 3 is the power of hydrogen generating system consumption and corresponding electrolysis tank number;

Fig. 4 is electrolysis tank on off state schematic diagram;

Fig. 5 is that electrolysis tank opens number of times schematic diagram continuously;

Fig. 6 is wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system online power schematic diagram.

Fig. 7 is electrolysis tank optimal control FB(flow block).

In figure: 1 wind energy turbine set, 2 wind energy turbine set bus rods, 3 external system synchronous generators, 4 external system high voltage bus, 5 external electrical network, 6 wind-powered electricity generations-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system high voltage bus, bus is pressed in 7 wind-powered electricity generations-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system, 8 hydrogen manufacturing subsystem high voltage AC bus, 9 hydrogen manufacturing subsystem low-voltage alternating-current buses, 10 device for producing hydrogen AC-dc converters, 11 device for producing hydrogen DC buss, 12 hydrogen electrolysis heap modules, 21 Power Output for Wind Power Field, the 22 more stable power of wind energy turbine set output doped through exponential smoothing, the power that 23 electrolysis tanks consume, 24 wind energy turbine set standard deviation power, 25 grid-connected system online reference powers.

Embodiment

The control method of wind-powered electricity generation of the present invention-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system, comprises the following steps:

1) wind turbine model based on double fed induction generators is set up

Wind turbines aerodynamics Mathematical Modeling is:

$P_M={\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{air}}{C}_p(\mathrm{\λ},\mathrm{\β})\mathrm{\π}{R}^2{V}_w^3/2---\left(1\right)$

Wherein: P _mthe wind energy transformation of catching for wind turbine becomes the mechanical output of Wind turbines, ρ _airfor the atmospheric density of wind power integration point, C _pfor the wind energy conversion efficiency coefficient of blade, be the function at wind turbine tip speed ratio and pitch control angle, λ is the tip speed ratio of wind turbine, and β is the pitch control angle of Wind turbines, and π is circumference ratio, and generally getting 3.1415926, R is wind turbine impeller radius, V _wfor the wind speed constantly of wind power integration point;

Two matter block axle coefficient model equations of wind turbine and generator are:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}2H_{T}d{\mathrm{\ω}}_T/\mathrm{dt}=T_M-K_S{\mathrm{\θ}}_S-D_T{\mathrm{\ω}}_T\\ 2H_{G}d{\mathrm{\ω}}_G/\mathrm{dt}=K_S{\mathrm{\θ}}_S-T_E-D_G{\mathrm{\ω}}_G\\ d{\mathrm{\θ}}_S/\mathrm{dt}={\mathrm{\ω}}_0({\mathrm{\ω}}_T-{\mathrm{\ω}}_G)\end{array}\right.---\left(2\right)$

Wherein: H _tfor the inertia constant of wind turbine, ω _tfor the angular rate of wind turbine, T _mfor the machine torque of wind turbine, K _sfor the stiffness coefficient of wind turbine and generator shaft, θ _sbe relative angular displacement between two matter blocks, D _tfor wind turbine rotor damping coefficient, H _gfor the inertia constant of generator, ω _gfor the angular rate of induction generator, T _efor the electromagnetic torque of generator, D _gfor generator amature damping coefficient, ω ₀for the synchronous angular velocity of electrical network, d ω _t/ dt is the derivative of wind turbine angular speed to the time, d ω _g/ dt is the derivative of induction generator angular rate to the time, d θ _s/ dt be between two matter blocks relative angular displacement to the derivative of time;

Under synchronous rotating frame, the voltage equation of double fed induction generators is:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{u}_{\mathrm{sd}}=d{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{sd}}/\mathrm{dt}-{\mathrm{\ω}}_s{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{sq}}+R_s{i}_{\mathrm{sd}}\\ u_{\mathrm{sq}}=d{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{sq}}/\mathrm{dt}-{\mathrm{\ω}}_s{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{sd}}+R_s{i}_{\mathrm{sq}}\\ u_{\mathrm{rd}}=d{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{rd}}/\mathrm{dt}-s{\mathrm{\ω}}_s{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{rq}}+R_r{i}_{\mathrm{rd}}\\ u_{\mathrm{rq}}=d{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{rq}}/\mathrm{dt}-s{\mathrm{\ω}}_s{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{rd}}+R_r{i}_{\mathrm{rq}}\end{array}\right.---\left(3\right)$

Flux linkage equations is

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{sd}}=L_s{i}_{\mathrm{sd}}+L_m{i}_{\mathrm{rd}}\\ {\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{sq}}=L_s{i}_{\mathrm{sq}}+L_m{i}_{\mathrm{rq}}\\ {\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{rd}}=L_r{i}_{\mathrm{rd}}+L_m{i}_{\mathrm{sd}}\\ {\mathrm{\ψ}}_{\mathrm{rq}}=L_r{i}_{\mathrm{rq}}+L_m{i}_{\mathrm{sq}}\end{array}\right.---\left(4\right)$

Wherein: u _sdwith u _sqbe respectively generator unit stator d axle and q axle winding voltage, u _rdwith u _rqbe respectively generator amature d axle and q axle winding voltage, ψ _sdwith ψ _sqbe respectively generator unit stator d axle and q axle winding magnetic linkage, ψ _rdwith ψ _rqbe respectively generator amature d axle and q axle winding magnetic linkage, i _sdwith i _sqbe respectively generator unit stator d axle and q axle winding current, i _rdwith i _rqbe respectively generator amature d axle and _qaxle winding current, ω _sfor coordinate system rotation angular speed, R _sfor the resistance of generator unit stator winding, R _rfor the resistance of generator amature winding, s is the slip of generator, L _sfor generator unit stator winding from induction reactance, L _rfor generator amature winding from induction reactance, L _mfor the mutual inductance between generator amature and stator winding resists, d ψ _sd/ dt and d ψ _sq/ dt is respectively generator unit stator d axle and q axle winding magnetic linkage to the derivative of time, d ψ _rd/ dt and d ψ _rq/ dt is respectively generator amature d axle and q axle winding magnetic linkage to the derivative of time;

Generator unit stator voltage vector direction setting is d axle, therefore generator unit stator d axle winding voltage equals generator unit stator voltage vector, and generator unit stator q axle winding voltage equals 0, and therefore, the active power that double fed induction generators exports and reactive power are:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{P}_s=-3U_s{L}_m{i}_{\mathrm{rd}}/\left(2L_s\right)\\ Q_s=3(U_s^2/{\mathrm{\ω}}_s{L}_s+U_s{L}_m{i}_{\mathrm{rq}}/L_s)/2\end{array}\right.---\left(5\right)$

Wherein: P _swith Q _sbe respectively active power and the reactive power of double fed induction generators output, U _sfor generator unit stator voltage vector, L _mfor the mutual inductance between generator amature and stator winding resists, i _rdwith i _rqbe respectively generator amature d axle and q axle winding current, L _sfor generator unit stator winding from induction reactance, ω _sfor coordinate system rotation angular speed;

2) cell model is set up

Anode electrolytic cell and cathode electrode reaction are:

Wherein: H ₂o is water, O ₂for oxygen, H ₂for hydrogen, H ⁺for hydrogen ion, e is electronics;

Anode equilibrium equation is

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{{\mathrm{dN}}_{O_2}}{\mathrm{dt}}=N_{O_2}^{\mathrm{ina}}-N_{O_2}^{\mathrm{outa}}+N_{O_2}^{\mathrm{gen}}\\ \frac{d{N}_{H_2\mathrm{Oa}}}{\mathrm{dt}}=N_{H_{2}O}^{\mathrm{ina}}-N_{H_{2}O}^{\mathrm{outa}}-N_{H_{2}O}^{\mathrm{mem}}\end{array}\right.---\left(7\right)$

Wherein: with be respectively the mole of anode oxygen and water, with be respectively mole flow velocity that anode flows into and flows out oxygen, with be respectively mole flow velocity that anode flows into and flows out water, for the flow velocity of the oxygen that anode produces, for electromigration and diffusion flow velocity, with be respectively mole flow velocity of anode oxygen and water;

Negative electrode equilibrium equation is:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{{\mathrm{dN}}_{H_2}}{\mathrm{dt}}=N_{H_2}^{\mathrm{inc}}-N_{H_2}^{\mathrm{outc}}+N_{H_2}^{\mathrm{gen}}\\ \frac{d{N}_{H_2\mathrm{Oc}}}{\mathrm{dt}}=N_{H_{2}O}^{\mathrm{inc}}-N_{H_{2}O}^{\mathrm{outc}}-N_{H_{2}O}^{\mathrm{mem}}\end{array}\right.---\left(8\right)$

Wherein: with be respectively the mole of cathodic hydrogen and water, with be respectively mole flow velocity that negative electrode flows into and flows out oxygen, with be respectively mole flow velocity that negative electrode flows into and flows out water, for the flow velocity of the hydrogen that negative electrode produces, for electromigration and diffusion flow velocity, with be respectively mole flow velocity of cathodic hydrogen and water;

Electrolysis tank global voltage is:

$V_{\mathrm{ele}}=E_{\mathrm{ele}}+V_{\mathrm{ele}}^{\mathrm{act}}+V_{\mathrm{ele}}^{\mathrm{ohm}}---\left(9\right)$

In formula

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{E}_{\mathrm{ele}}=\frac{1}{2F}(\mathrm{\Δ}{G}_{\mathrm{ele}}+{\mathrm{RT}}_{\mathrm{ele}}[\ln \left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{H2}^{\mathrm{ele}}\sqrt{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{O2}^{\mathrm{ele}}}}{{\mathrm{\α}}_{H2O}^{\mathrm{ele}}}\right))\\ V_{\mathrm{ele}}^{\mathrm{act}}=\frac{{\mathrm{RT}}_{\mathrm{ele}}}{2\mathrm{\βF}}\ln \left(\frac{{\stackrel{\‾}{I}}_{\mathrm{ele}}}{{\stackrel{\‾}{I}}_{\mathrm{ele}0}}\right)\\ V_{\mathrm{ele}}^{\mathrm{ohm}}={\stackrel{\‾}{I}}_{\mathrm{ele}}{R}_{\mathrm{ele}}^{\mathrm{ohm}}\end{array}\right.---\left(10\right)$

Wherein: V _elefor electrolysis tank global voltage, E _elefor open circuit voltage, for activation polarization voltage, for ohmic polarization voltage, F is Faraday constant, Δ G _elefor the Gibbs free energy change of electrochemical reaction process, R is gas constant, T _elefor electrolyzer temperature, for cathodic hydrogen dividing potential drop, for anode oxygen partial pressure, for the water activity between anode and electrolyte, β is carry-over factor, for current density, for exchange current density, for film resistance;

3) to the control of grid-connected system

Wind energy turbine set standard deviation power is:

$P_{W-\mathrm{\δ}}=\sqrt{\frac{\underset{t-T}{\overset{t}{\∫}}{(P_W-P_{W-\mathrm{ESM}})}^2\mathrm{dt}}{T}}---\left(11\right)$

Wherein: P _w-δfor wind energy turbine set standard deviation power, P _wfor Power Output for Wind Power Field, P _w-ESMfor the wind energy turbine set doped through exponential smoothing exports more stable power, T is the time interval;

Grid-connected system reference power is:

P _REF＝P _W-ESM-P _W-δ(12)

Wherein: P _rEFfor grid-connected system online reference power, P _w-ESMfor the wind energy turbine set doped through exponential smoothing exports more stable power, P _w-δfor wind energy turbine set standard deviation power;

Electrolysis tank consumed power is:

P _C＝P _W-P _REF(13)

Wherein: P _cfor the power that electrolysis tank consumes, P _wfor Power Output for Wind Power Field, P _rEFfor grid-connected system online reference power;

Application " first in first out " algorithm, carry out electrolysis tank optimal control, idiographic flow as shown in Figure 7:

A initialization electrolysis tank switch sequence number, AELN and LAEL,

If B TELN is greater than AELN enter C, otherwise enters I,

C electrolysis tank switch opens and electrolysis tank are opened number of times and are less than electrolysis tank and continue to open maximum times, enter D, otherwise enter E,

D electrolysis tank is opened number of times and is equaled the number of times that moment electrolysis tank opens and add 1, enters E,

This electrolysis tank sequence number of E reaches maximum, enters F, otherwise judges that next electrolysis tank returns C,

If the next electrolysis tank switch of F LAEL is cut out, enter G, otherwise enter H,

Electrolysis tank switch is placed in the number of times that electrolysis tank opens by open state and puts this moment AELN by G, and this moment AELN equals moment AELN and adds this moment LAEL, and equals the sequence number of current electrolysis tank, enters H,

If H AELN reaches TELN, terminate, otherwise judge that next electrolysis tank returns F,

I finds and opens the maximum electrolysis tank of number of times, enters J,

The number of times that this electrolysis tank of J is opened reaches the maximum times that electrolysis tank continues to open, and enters K, otherwise enters M,

Electrolysis tank switch is placed in off status by K, the number of times zero AELN that opens of electrolysis tank is equaled AELN and subtracts 1, enters L

This electrolysis tank sequence number of M reaches maximum, enters N, otherwise judges that next electrolysis tank returns J,

N electrolysis tank has been opened maximum times and has been equaled electrolysis tank and opened maximum times and subtract 1, enters O,

If O AELN reaches TELN, terminate, otherwise judge that next electrolysis tank returns J,

Wherein: AELN is the electrolysis tank number activated in a certain moment, and LAEL is the sequence number of the electrolysis tank that the last time opens, TELN is the electrolysis tank number needing in device for producing hydrogen to install.

The invention will be further described to utilize drawings and Examples below.

Instantiation: with reference to Fig. 1, wind energy turbine set 1 power stage of wind-powered electricity generation of the present invention-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system has randomness, the features such as intermittence and irregularities, wind turbine power in wind energy turbine set pools together and unifies to send outside by wind energy turbine set bus rod 2, external system synchronous generator 3 is incorporated to external electrical network 5 by step-up transformer access external system high voltage bus 4, hydrogen generating system is connected with external electrical network by wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system high voltage bus 6, bus 7 is pressed in a step-down transformer and wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system, hydrogen manufacturing subsystem high voltage AC bus 8 and hydrogen manufacturing subsystem low-voltage alternating-current bus 9 is connected again by secondary step-down transformer, pile module 12 finally by device for producing hydrogen AC/DC converter 10 with device for producing hydrogen DC bus 11 and hydrogen electrolysis to be connected, realize wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen generating system and generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems.

With reference to Fig. 2, for wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing is generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems power relation schematic diagram between each subsystem, Power Output for Wind Power Field 21 calculates through exponential smoothing the wind energy turbine set doped through exponential smoothing and exports more stable power 22, calculated by standard deviation and obtain wind energy turbine set standard deviation power 24, and then obtain grid-connected system online reference power 25, to be surfed the Net reference power mathematic interpolation by Power Output for Wind Power Field and grid-connected system, obtain the power 23 that electrolysis tank consumes.Electrolysis tank is device for producing hydrogen.

Adopt system shown in Figure 1 as example basis, blower fan rated power 2MW, rated voltage 0.69kV, incision wind speed 6.2m/s, cut-out wind speed 21.5m/s, rated wind speed 11m/s.Electrolysis tank rated capacity 0.6MW, AC-dc converter ac rated voltage 0.97kV, it is 4 that electrolysis tank installs number.The power that hydrogen generating system consumes and corresponding electrolysis tank number are as shown in Figure 3, when wind power output is close to 2MW, 4 electrolysis tank standard-sized sheets absorb the wind-powered electricity generation that electrical network cannot dissolve and abandon wind-powered electricity generation amount, analyze known, the electrolysis tank standard-sized sheet period is little, and the major part period is between 1 to 2.Electrolysis tank on off state and electrolysis tank open number of times respectively as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 continuously, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 demonstrates the control strategy of multiple electrolysis tank, as shown in Figure 4, the running time of 4 electrolysis tanks is average, when needing when there being electrolysis tank to open, always open the electrolysis tank that shut-in time is the longest, the electrolysis tank of namely closing the earliest; When needing when there being electrolysis tank to close, always close the electrolysis tank that running time is the longest, the electrolysis tank namely opened at first.Fig. 5 illustrates this reason equally, ordinate in figure represents that electrolysis tank continues the number of times opened, and the number of times that electrolysis tank continues to open is larger, represents that the time that it runs continuously is the longest, so when there being electrolysis tank to need to be closed, always close that maximum electrolysis tank of ordinate.Balance the running time of each electrolysis tank like this.The part wind power output power be greater than on reference power as shown in Figure 6, is transported in device for producing hydrogen system in Fig. 6, is used as the energy of water electrolysis hydrogen production by wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system online power.Therefore, show through simulating, verifying, it is the fluctuation that effectively can reduce wind energy turbine set active power of output that this wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing is generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, and obtain a large amount of clean hydrogen energy source, the control method of wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system is efficient and practicality simultaneously.

Claims (1)

1. a control method for wind-powered electricity generation-hydrogen manufacturing grid-connected system, it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:

1) wind turbine model based on double fed induction generators is set up

Wind turbines aerodynamics Mathematical Modeling is:

$P_M={\mathrm{\ρ}}_{air}{C}_p(\mathrm{\λ},\mathrm{\β}){\mathrm{\πR}}^2{V}_w^3/2---\left(1\right)$

Wherein: P _mthe wind energy transformation of catching for wind turbine becomes the mechanical output of Wind turbines, ρ _airfor the atmospheric density of wind power integration point, C _pfor the wind energy conversion efficiency coefficient of blade, be the function at wind turbine tip speed ratio and pitch control angle, λ is the tip speed ratio of wind turbine, and β is the pitch control angle of Wind turbines, and π is circumference ratio, and generally getting 3.1415926, R is wind turbine impeller radius, V _wfor the real-time wind speed of wind power integration point;

Two matter block axle coefficient model equations of wind turbine and generator are:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}2H_T{\mathrm{d\ω}}_T/dt=T_M-K_S{\mathrm{\θ}}_S-D_T{\mathrm{\ω}}_T\\ 2H_G{\mathrm{d\ω}}_G/dt=K_S{\mathrm{\θ}}_S-T_E-D_G{\mathrm{\ω}}_G\\ {\mathrm{d\θ}}_S/dt={\mathrm{\ω}}_0({\mathrm{\ω}}_T-{\mathrm{\ω}}_G)\end{array}\right.---\left(2\right)$

Wherein: H _tfor the inertia constant of wind turbine, ω _tfor the angular rate of wind turbine, T _mfor the machine torque of wind turbine, K _sfor the stiffness coefficient of wind turbine and generator shaft, θ _sbe relative angular displacement between two matter blocks, D _tfor wind turbine rotor damping coefficient, H _gfor the inertia constant of generator, ω _gfor the angular rate of induction generator, T _efor the electromagnetic torque of generator, D _gfor generator amature damping coefficient, ω ₀for the synchronous angular velocity of electrical network, d ω _t/ dt is the derivative of wind turbine angular speed to the time, d ω _g/ dt is the derivative of induction generator angular rate to the time, d θ _s/ dt be between two matter blocks relative angular displacement to the derivative of time;

Under synchronous rotating frame, the voltage equation of double fed induction generators is:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{u}_{sd}={\mathrm{d\ψ}}_{sd}/dt-{\mathrm{\ω}}_s{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{sq}+R_s{i}_{sd}\\ u_{sq}={\mathrm{d\ψ}}_{sq}/dt-{\mathrm{\ω}}_s{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{sd}+R_s{i}_{sq}\\ u_{rd}={\mathrm{d\ψ}}_{rd}/dt-{\mathrm{s\ω}}_s{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{rq}+R_r{i}_{rd}\\ u_{rq}={\mathrm{d\ψ}}_{rq}/dt-{\mathrm{s\ω}}_s{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{rd}+R_r{i}_{rq}\end{array}\right.---\left(3\right)$

Flux linkage equations is

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\ψ}}_{sd}=L_s{i}_{sd}+L_m{i}_{rd}\\ {\mathrm{\ψ}}_{sq}=L_s{i}_{sq}+L_m{i}_{rq}\\ {\mathrm{\ψ}}_{rd}=L_r{i}_{rd}+L_m{i}_{sd}\\ {\mathrm{\ψ}}_{rq}=L_r{i}_{rq}+L_m{i}_{sq}\end{array}\right.---\left(4\right)$

Wherein: u _sdwith u _sqbe respectively generator unit stator d axle and q axle winding voltage, u _rdwith u _rqbe respectively generator amature d axle and q axle winding voltage, ψ _sdwith ψ _sqbe respectively generator unit stator d axle and q axle winding magnetic linkage, ψ _rdwith ψ _rqbe respectively generator amature d axle and q axle winding magnetic linkage, i _sdwith i _sqbe respectively generator unit stator d axle and q axle winding current, i _rdwith i _rqbe respectively generator amature d axle and q axle winding current, ω _sfor coordinate system rotation angular speed, R _sfor the resistance of generator unit stator winding, R _rfor the resistance of generator amature winding, s is the slip of generator, L _sfor generator unit stator winding from induction reactance, L _rfor generator amature winding from induction reactance, L _mfor the mutual inductance between generator amature and stator winding resists, d ψ _sd/ dt and d ψ _sq/ dt is respectively generator unit stator d axle and q axle winding magnetic linkage to the derivative of time, d ψ _rd/ dt and d ψ _rq/ dt is respectively generator amature d axle and q axle winding magnetic linkage to the derivative of time;

Generator unit stator voltage vector direction setting is d axle, therefore generator unit stator d axle winding voltage equals generator unit stator voltage vector, and generator unit stator q axle winding voltage equals 0, and therefore, the active power that double fed induction generators exports and reactive power are:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{P}_s=-3U_s{L}_m{i}_{rd}/\left(2L_s\right)\\ Q_s=3(U_s^2/{\mathrm{\ω}}_s{L}_s+U_s{L}_m{i}_{rq}/L_s)/2\end{array}\right.---\left(5\right)$

Wherein: P _swith Q _sbe respectively active power and the reactive power of double fed induction generators output, U _sfor generator unit stator voltage vector, L _mfor the mutual inductance between generator amature and stator winding resists, i _rdwith i _rqbe respectively generator amature d axle and q axle winding current, L _sfor generator unit stator winding from induction reactance, ω _sfor coordinate system rotation angular speed;

2) cell model is set up

Anode electrolytic cell and cathode electrode reaction are:

Wherein: H ₂o is water, O ₂for oxygen, H ₂for hydrogen, H ⁺for hydrogen ion, e is electronics;

Anode equilibrium equation is

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{{\mathrm{dN}}_{O_2}}{dt}=N_{O_2}^{ina}-N_{O_2}^{outa}+N_{O_2}^{gen}\\ \frac{{\mathrm{dN}}_{H_{2}Oa}}{dt}=N_{H_{2}O}^{ina}-N_{H_{2}O}^{outa}-N_{H_{2}O}^{mem}\end{array}\right.---\left(7\right)$

Wherein: with be respectively the mole of anode oxygen and water, with be respectively mole flow velocity that anode flows into and flows out oxygen, with be respectively mole flow velocity that anode flows into and flows out water, for the flow velocity of the oxygen that anode produces, for electromigration and diffusion flow velocity, with be respectively mole flow velocity of anode oxygen and water;

Negative electrode equilibrium equation is:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{{\mathrm{dN}}_{H_2}}{dt}=N_{H_2}^{inc}-N_{H_2}^{outc}+N_{H_2}^{gen}\\ \frac{{\mathrm{dN}}_{H_{2}Oc}}{dt}=N_{H_{2}O}^{inc}-N_{H_{2}O}^{outc}+N_{H_{2}O}^{mem}\end{array}\right.---\left(8\right)$

Wherein: with be respectively the mole of cathodic hydrogen and water, with be respectively mole flow velocity that negative electrode flows into and flows out oxygen, with be respectively mole flow velocity that negative electrode flows into and flows out water, for the flow velocity of the hydrogen that negative electrode produces, for electromigration and diffusion flow velocity, with be respectively mole flow velocity of cathodic hydrogen and water;

Electrolysis tank global voltage is:

$V_{ele}=E_{ele}+V_{ele}^{act}+V_{ele}^{ohm}---\left(9\right)$

In formula

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{E}_{ele}=\frac{1}{2F}\left({\mathrm{\ΔG}}_{ele}+{\mathrm{RT}}_{ele}\[\ln \left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{H2}^{ele}\sqrt{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{O2}^{ele}}}{{\mathrm{\α}}_{H2O}^{ele}}\right)\]\right)\\ V_{ele}^{act}=\frac{{\mathrm{RT}}_{ele}}{2\mathrm{\β}F}\ln \left(\frac{{\stackrel{\‾}{I}}_{ele}}{{\stackrel{\‾}{I}}_{ele0}}\right)\\ V_{ele}^{ohm}={\stackrel{\‾}{I}}_{ele}{R}_{ele}^{ohm}\end{array}\right.---\left(10\right)$

Wherein: V _elefor electrolysis tank global voltage, E _elefor open circuit voltage, for activation polarization voltage, for ohmic polarization voltage, F is Faraday constant, Δ G _elefor the Gibbs free energy change of electrochemical reaction process, R is gas constant, T _elefor electrolyzer temperature, for cathodic hydrogen dividing potential drop, for anode oxygen partial pressure, for the water activity between anode and electrolyte, β is carry-over factor, for current density, for exchange current density, for film resistance;

3) to the control of grid-connected system

Wind energy turbine set standard deviation power is:

$P_{W-\mathrm{\δ}}=\sqrt{\frac{\underset{t-T}{\overset{t}{\∫}}{(P_W-P_{W-ESM})}^{2}dt}{T}}---\left(11\right)$

Wherein: P _w-δfor wind energy turbine set standard deviation power, P _wfor Power Output for Wind Power Field, P _w-ESMfor the wind energy turbine set doped through exponential smoothing exports more stable power, T is the time interval;

Grid-connected system reference power is:

P _REF＝P _W-ESM-P _W-δ(12)

Wherein: P _rEFfor grid-connected system online reference power, P _w-ESMfor the wind energy turbine set doped through exponential smoothing exports more stable power, P _w-δfor wind energy turbine set standard deviation power;

Electrolysis tank consumed power is:

P _C＝P _W-P _REF(13)

Wherein: P _cfor the power that electrolysis tank consumes, P _wfor Power Output for Wind Power Field, P _rEFfor grid-connected system online reference power;

Application " first in first out " algorithm, carry out electrolysis tank optimal control, idiographic flow is:

(A) initialization electrolysis tank switch sequence number, AELN and LAEL,

(B) when TELN is greater than AELN, enter (C), otherwise enter (I),

(C) open when meeting electrolysis tank, and electrolysis tank is opened number of times and is less than electrolysis tank when continuing to open maximum times, enters (D), otherwise enters (E),

(D) number of times opened of this moment electrolysis tank, the number of times opened for a upper moment electrolysis tank adds 1, enters (E),

(E) this electrolysis tank sequence number reaches maximum, enters (F), otherwise judges that next electrolysis tank returns (C),

(F) the next electrolysis tank switch of LAEL is cut out, and enters (G), otherwise enter (H),

(G) by electrolysis tank switch opens, the number of times simultaneously opened by electrolysis tank is stored in AELN, and this moment AELN equals moment AELN and adds this moment LAEL, and equals the sequence number of current electrolysis tank, enters (H),

(H) AELN reaches TELN, terminates, otherwise judges that next electrolysis tank returns (F),

(I) the maximum electrolysis tank of number of times is opened in searching, enters (J),

(J) when the number of times that this electrolysis tank is opened, reach electrolysis tank when continuing the maximum times opened, enter (K), otherwise enter (M),

(K) electrolysis tank switch is placed in off status, the number of times zero AELN that opens of electrolysis tank is equaled AELN and subtracts 1, enters (L),

(M) this electrolysis tank sequence number reaches maximum, enters (N), otherwise judges that next electrolysis tank returns (J),

(N) when the maximum times that this moment electrolysis tank has been opened, when the maximum times opened for a upper moment electrolysis tank subtracts 1, enter (O),

(O) AELN reaches TELN, terminates, otherwise judges that next electrolysis tank returns (J),

Wherein: AELN is the electrolysis tank number activated in a certain moment, and LAEL is the sequence number of the electrolysis tank that the last time opens, TELN is the electrolysis tank number needing in device for producing hydrogen to install.