CN104104122B - Electricity generation system - Google Patents

Electricity generation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104104122B
CN104104122B CN201310128400.6A CN201310128400A CN104104122B CN 104104122 B CN104104122 B CN 104104122B CN 201310128400 A CN201310128400 A CN 201310128400A CN 104104122 B CN104104122 B CN 104104122B
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China
Prior art keywords
insulating barrier
high molecular
molecular polymer
polymer insulating
electrode
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CN201310128400.6A
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CN104104122A (en
Inventor
徐传毅
张勇平
赵豪
刘军锋
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Nano New Energy Tangshan Co Ltd
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Nano New Energy Tangshan Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201310128400.6A priority Critical patent/CN104104122B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2013/090766 priority patent/WO2014166286A1/en
Publication of CN104104122A publication Critical patent/CN104104122A/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of electricity generation system, including TRT and energy storage device；TRT includes: for by least one nano friction generator that changes mechanical energy is electric energy, the housing accommodating at least one nano friction generator and fixing axle；A part for fixing axle is positioned at hull outside, and another part of fixing axle extend into enclosure interior through the diapire of housing；Each nano friction generator is connected with the medial wall of housing by least one first elastomeric element, and is connected with fixing axle by least one second elastomeric element；Energy storage device is connected with the outfan of nano friction generator, for storing the electric energy of nano friction generator output.In the electricity generation system that the present invention provides, nano friction generator can convert wind energy into electric energy as the core component of the TRT utilizing wind-power electricity generation, and this electric energy is stored by energy storage device, it is achieved that utilize wind-power electricity generation.

Description

Electricity generation system
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of nanometer technology, more particularly, it relates to a kind of electricity generation system.
Background technology
In daily life, people utilize wind-power electricity generation or solar electrical energy generation to be method more typically.Wherein, The principle of wind-power electricity generation is to utilize wind-force to drive air vane to rotate, then the speed that will be rotated by booster engine Promote, promote electrical power generators.According to current windmill technology, the mild wind speed of three meters the most per second Degree (degree of mild wind), just can start generating.Wind-power electricity generation forms one upsurge the most in the world, Because wind-power electricity generation need not use fuel, radiation or air pollution also will not be produced.But, traditional Wind-driven generator is bulky, with high costs, simultaneously during transport and installing, brings to user Great inconvenience.
Solar energy, mainly by silicon cell, is directly changed into electric energy, the method energy by solar electrical energy generation Amount conversion ratio is high, but application time range is little, and evening or rainy weather can not use.And use wind-force to send out During electric power generation, its time limitation is relatively strong, calm at many days in the case of then cannot be carried out normal power generation, So that affecting stablizing of household electricity.Between above-mentioned situation, use solar electrical energy generation and wind-driven generator two Person combine generating then can complementary deficiency therein, but when at present using two kinds of equipment generatings, need the most simultaneously Manual switching, the most loaded down with trivial details but also do not reach good effect.
Summary of the invention
The goal of the invention of the present invention is the defect for prior art, proposes a kind of electricity generation system, in order to solve Certainly prior art wind electromotor is bulky, with high costs, transport and the problem of installation difficulty.
The invention provides a kind of electricity generation system, including: TRT and energy storage device；
Described TRT includes: for being generated electricity by least one nano friction that changes mechanical energy is electric energy Machine, the housing accommodating at least one nano friction generator described and fixing axle；The one of described fixing axle Part is positioned at described hull outside, and another part of described fixing axle extend into through the diapire of described housing Described enclosure interior；Each nano friction generator is by least one first elastomeric element and described housing Medial wall connect, and be connected with described fixing axle by least one second elastomeric element；
Described energy storage device is connected with the outfan of described nano friction generator, for rubbing described nanometer The electric energy wiping electromotor output stores.
Alternatively, the medial wall of described housing is installed with at least one fixed component, described each nanometer Friction generator is connected with corresponding fixed component by least one first elastomeric element.
Alternatively, described housing is a cell body.
Alternatively, described housing has on roof, and described roof and has multiple through hole.
Alternatively, described first elastomeric element and the second elastomeric element are spring.
Alternatively, described housing is column construction.
Alternatively, described energy storage device includes: rectification circuit, the first ON-OFF control circuit, the first direct current / DC control circuit and accumulator；Described rectification circuit and at least one nano friction generator described Outfan be connected, receive the alternating-current pulse signal of telecommunication of at least one nano friction generator described output also The described alternating-current pulse signal of telecommunication is carried out rectification process and obtains DC voltage；Described first ON-OFF control circuit It is connected with described rectification circuit, described first DC-DC control circuit and described accumulator, receives institute State DC voltage and the momentary charging voltage of described accumulator feedback of rectification circuit output, according to described The DC voltage of rectification circuit output and the momentary charging voltage of described accumulator feedback obtain the first control Signal processed, exports described first control signal to described first DC-DC control circuit；Described first DC-DC control circuit and described rectification circuit, described first ON-OFF control circuit and described accumulator It is connected, according to the first control signal of described first ON-OFF control circuit output, described rectification circuit is exported DC voltage carry out conversion process and export and charge to described accumulator, obtain momentary charging voltage.
Alternatively, described TRT also includes: solar panels；Described energy storage device also includes: second ON-OFF control circuit and the second DC-DC control circuit；Described second switch control circuit and the described sun The energy outfan of plate, described second DC-DC control circuit are connected with described accumulator, receive described Solar panels output DC voltage and described accumulator feedback momentary charging voltage, according to described too The DC voltage of sun energy plate output and the momentary charging voltage of described accumulator feedback obtain the second control Signal, exports described second control signal to described second DC-DC control circuit；Described second straight Stream/DC control circuit and the outfan of described solar panels, described second switch control circuit and described storage Can circuit be connected, according to described second switch control circuit output the second control signal to described solar energy The DC voltage of plate output carries out conversion process and exports and charge to described accumulator, obtains instantaneous charged electrical Pressure.
Alternatively, described TRT also includes: solar panels；Described energy storage device includes: first opens Close control circuit, rectification circuit, on-off circuit, second switch control circuit, DC-DC control circuit And accumulator；Described first ON-OFF control circuit and the outfan and described at least of described solar panels Individual nano friction generator is connected, and receives the DC voltage of described solar panels output, according to the described sun The DC voltage of energy plate output is used for controlling nanometer at least one nano friction generator described output and rubs Wipe the control signal whether electromotor works；Described rectification circuit generates electricity with at least one nano friction described The outfan of machine is connected, and receives the alternating-current pulse signal of telecommunication of described at least one nano friction generator output And described pulse signal is carried out rectification process obtain DC voltage；The control end of described on-off circuit It is connected with the outfan of described solar panels, according to described in the DC voltage control that described solar panels export The input/output terminal of on-off circuit connects with the outfan of described solar panels or described rectification circuit；Described Second switch control circuit and the input/output terminal of described on-off circuit, described DC-DC control circuit It is connected with described accumulator, receives DC voltage and the institute of the input/output terminal output of described on-off circuit State the momentary charging voltage of accumulator feedback, according to the input/output terminal of described on-off circuit export straight The momentary charging voltage of stream voltage and described accumulator feedback obtains control signal, by described control signal Output is to described DC-DC control circuit；Described DC-DC control circuit and described on-off circuit Input/output terminal, described second switch control circuit are connected with described accumulator, open according to described second Close the DC voltage that the input/output terminal of described on-off circuit is exported by the control signal of control circuit output Carry out conversion process to export and charge to described accumulator, obtain momentary charging voltage.
Alternatively, described accumulator is lithium ion battery, Ni-MH battery, lead-acid battery or super capacitor Device.
Alternatively, described nano friction generator includes: the first electrode being cascading, and first is high Molecularly Imprinted Polymer insulating barrier, and the second electrode；Wherein, described first electrode is arranged on described first height On first side surface of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer insulating barrier；And the second of described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier Side surface is arranged towards described second electrode, and described first electrode and the second electrode constitute described nano friction The outfan of electromotor.
Alternatively, the second side surface of described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier is provided with micro-nano structure.
Alternatively, be provided with between described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described second electrode multiple Elastomeric element, described elastomeric element is exhausted for controlling described first high molecular polymer under the effect of external force Edge layer and described second electrode contact and separate.
Alternatively, described nano friction generator farther includes: be arranged on described second electrode and described The second high molecular polymer insulating barrier between first high molecular polymer insulating barrier, described second electrode sets Put on the first side surface of described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier；And described second high molecular polymerization Second side surface of thing insulating barrier is relative with the second side surface of described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier Arrange.
Alternatively, described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier are relative At least one face in two faces arranged is provided with micro-nano structure.
Alternatively, described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier Between be provided with multiple elastomeric element, described elastomeric element is for controlling described first under the effect of external force High molecular polymer insulating barrier is contacting and separating with described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier.
Alternatively, described nano friction generator farther includes: be arranged on described first high molecular polymerization Thin layer between two parties between thing insulating barrier and described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier, wherein, described residence Between thin layer be polymer film layer, and described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier relatively described in the thinnest The face of film layer and between two parties thin layer are relative at least one in the face of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier On face and/or described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier relatively described in the face of thin layer and the thinnest between two parties Film layer is provided with micro-nano structure relative at least one face in the face of the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier.
Alternatively, be provided with between described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described thin layer between two parties many Individual elastomeric element, this elastomeric element is exhausted for controlling described first high molecular polymer under the effect of external force Edge layer and described thin film layer between two parties and separation；And/or, described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier and Being provided with multiple elastomeric element between described thin layer between two parties, this elastomeric element is under the effect of external force Control described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described thin film layer between two parties and separation.
Alternatively, described nano friction generator includes: the first electrode being cascading, and first is high Molecularly Imprinted Polymer insulating barrier, intervening electrode layer, the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier and the second electrode； Wherein, described first electrode is arranged on the first side surface of described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier； Described second electrode is arranged on the first side surface of described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier, described residence Between electrode layer to be arranged on the second side surface of described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier high with described second Between second side surface of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer insulating barrier, and described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier is relative In the face of described intervening electrode layer and the intervening electrode layer face relative to the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier At least one face on and/or described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier the most described intervening electrode layer Face is provided with relative at least one face in the face of the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier with intervening electrode layer Micro-nano structure, described first electrode and the second electrode constitute described nanometer with described intervening electrode layer after being connected The outfan of friction generator.
Alternatively, be provided with between described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described intervening electrode layer many Individual elastomeric element, this elastomeric element is exhausted for controlling described first high molecular polymer under the effect of external force Edge layer and described intervening electrode layer are contacting and separating；And/or, described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier and Being provided with multiple elastomeric element between described intervening electrode layer, this elastomeric element is under the effect of external force Control described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described intervening electrode layer is contacting and separating.
In the electricity generation system that the present invention provides, nano friction generator is as the generating utilizing wind-power electricity generation The core component of device can convert wind energy into electric energy, and this electric energy is stored by energy storage device, it is achieved Utilize wind-power electricity generation.The generating efficiency being additionally, since nano friction generator itself is the highest, makes whole Wind generator system has the highest generating efficiency, adds and designs structure efficiently, it is achieved that one optimal Generating efficiency.Meanwhile, it is convenient that the core component of this electricity generation system produces, and shape, size are not only Microminiaturization can be machined to, it is achieved the miniaturization of wind generator system；Large-size can also be machined to, Realize high power generation.Further, since nano friction generator miniaturization, filming, and then make whole Individual electricity generation system weight reduces, and cost has obtained great reduction simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In one embodiment of the electricity generation system that Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b provides for the present invention, two kinds of TRT not Structural representation with cross section；
The cross section structure signal of TRT in another embodiment of the electricity generation system that Fig. 2 provides for the present invention Figure；
The circuit theory schematic diagram of one embodiment of the electricity generation system that Fig. 3 provides for the present invention；
The circuit theory schematic diagram of another embodiment of the electricity generation system that Fig. 4 provides for the present invention；
The circuit theory schematic diagram of the another embodiment of the electricity generation system that Fig. 5 provides for the present invention；
Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b respectively illustrates the stereochemical structure signal of the first structure of nano friction generator Figure and cross-sectional view；
Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b respectively illustrates the stereochemical structure signal of the second structure of nano friction generator Figure and cross-sectional view；
What Fig. 7 c showed the second structure of nano friction generator has elastomeric element as support arm Perspective view；
Fig. 8 a and Fig. 8 b respectively illustrates the stereochemical structure signal of the third structure of nano friction generator Figure and cross-sectional view；
Fig. 9 a and Fig. 9 b respectively illustrates the stereochemical structure signal of the 4th kind of structure of nano friction generator Figure and cross-sectional view.
Detailed description of the invention
For being fully understood by the purpose of the present invention, feature and effect, by following specific embodiment, right The present invention elaborates, but the present invention is not restricted to this.
, transport bulky, with high costs for prior art wind electromotor and the asking of installation difficulty Topic, the invention provides and a kind of use nano friction generator as the core of the TRT utilizing wind-force The electricity generation system of parts.This electricity generation system specifically includes TRT and energy storage device.Wherein TRT The housing that including at least one nano friction generator, accommodates these nano friction generator and fixing Axle.Wherein, a part for fixing axle is positioned at hull outside, and another part extend into through the diapire of housing Enclosure interior；Each nano friction generator is by the medial wall of at least one first elastomeric element with housing Connect, and be connected with fixing axle by least one second elastomeric element.Energy storage device is sent out with nano friction The outfan of motor is connected, for storing the electric energy of nano friction generator output.This generating system The operation principle of system is: when wind blows nano friction generator, nano friction generator can produce machinery Deformation, thus produce the alternating-current pulse signal of telecommunication, it is suitable that this alternating-current pulse signal of telecommunication is carried out by energy storage device Store after conversion, in case the use of external electric equipment.
Below by several specific embodiments, structure and the operation principle of electricity generation system are situated between in detail Continue.
In one embodiment of the electricity generation system that Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b provides for the present invention, two kinds of TRT not Structural representation with cross section.As illustrated in figs. ia and ib, in the electricity generation system that the present embodiment provides, TRT includes 4 nano friction generator 10, accommodates the housing of these nano friction generator 10 20 and fixing axle 11.The number of nano friction generator is not restricted by the present invention, and nano friction generates electricity The concrete structure of machine will be described in detail later.It is outside, separately that a part for fixing axle 11 is positioned at housing 20 A part extend into housing 20 inside through the diapire 21 of housing 20.In the present embodiment, first is elastic Parts and the second elastomeric element are spring, each nano friction generator 10 by a spring 12 with The medial wall of housing 20 connects, and is connected with fixing axle 11 by a spring 13 simultaneously.Housing 20 Being installed with at least one fixed component 22 on medial wall, each nano friction generator 10 is by spring 12 Connect with corresponding fixed component 22.Fixed component 22 is selectable unit (SU), without fixed component 22, Each nano friction generator 10 is directly connected with the medial wall of housing 20 by spring 12.
In the structure shown in Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b, housing 20 is cylindrical structural, but the present invention is to this Not limiting, housing 20 can be other arbitrary column construction.In order to be able to make wind send out from nano friction The front surface of motor is blown over, and housing 20 can be that a cell body, i.e. housing 20 do not have roof, and wind can be straight Connect and be circulated into housing 20 inside；Or, housing 20 has roof, but has multiple through hole on roof, It is internal that wind can blow into housing 20 from through hole.
The operation principle of the TRT shown in Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b is: when wind is from nano friction generator 10 Front surface direction when blowing over, a part of wind energy drives nano friction generator 10 to produce mechanical deformation, Thus produce electric energy；Another part wind energy drives spring 12 and 13 to produce deformation, so that this part Wind energy transformation is the elastic potential energy of spring 12 and 13, then drives nano friction generator 10 persistently to shake Dynamic generating, thus improve the generating efficiency of whole electricity generation system.
The cross section structure signal of TRT in another embodiment of the electricity generation system that Fig. 2 provides for the present invention Figure.As in figure 2 it is shown, unlike the structure shown in Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b, each nano friction generates electricity Machine 10 is connected with the medial wall of housing 20 by three springs 12, and shown in figure is that nano friction is sent out Motor 10 is connected with the fixed component 22 on the medial wall being installed in housing 20 by three springs 12. Fixed component 22 is selectable unit (SU).Meanwhile, nano friction generator 10 is by three springs 13 It is connected with fixing axle 11.That is, the number of spring 12 and 13 is not limited by the present invention.
Structure based on above-mentioned TRT, is described further below structure and the work of whole electricity generation system Make principle.
The circuit theory schematic diagram of one embodiment of the electricity generation system that Fig. 3 provides for the present invention.Such as Fig. 3 institute Showing, energy storage device includes: rectification circuit the 30, first ON-OFF control circuit the 31, first DC-DC control Circuit 32 processed and accumulator 33.Wherein, rectification circuit 30 and nano friction generator 10 is defeated Going out end to be connected, rectification circuit 30 receives the alternating-current pulse signal of telecommunication of nano friction generator 10 output, right This alternating-current pulse signal of telecommunication carries out rectification process and obtains DC voltage U1；First ON-OFF control circuit 31 with Rectification circuit the 30, first DC-DC control circuit 32 is connected with accumulator 33, the first switch control Circuit 31 processed receives DC voltage U1 and instantaneous the filling of accumulator 33 feedback of rectification circuit 30 output Piezoelectric voltage U2, obtains the first control signal S1 according to this DC voltage U1 and momentary charging voltage U2, First control signal S1 is exported to the first DC-DC control circuit 32；First DC-DC controls electricity Road 32 is connected with rectification circuit the 30, first ON-OFF control circuit 31 and accumulator 33, and the first direct current/ The first control signal S1 that DC control circuit 32 exports according to the first ON-OFF control circuit 31 is to rectification The DC voltage U1 of circuit 30 output carries out conversion process and exports and charge to accumulator 33, obtains wink Time charging voltage U2.
The operation principle of the electricity generation system shown in Fig. 3 is: when wind-force acts on nano friction generator 10 Time, can make nano friction generator 10 that mechanical deformation occurs, thus produce the alternating-current pulse signal of telecommunication.Whole After current circuit 30 receives this alternating-current pulse signal of telecommunication, it is carried out rectification process, obtain unidirectional pulsation DC voltage U1.First ON-OFF control circuit 31 receives the DC voltage U1 of rectification circuit 30 output After the momentary charging voltage U2 of accumulator 33 feedback, by DC voltage U1 and momentary charging voltage U2 full voltage U0 with accumulator 33 respectively compares, if DC voltage U1 is higher than being full of Voltage U0 and momentary charging voltage U2 are less than being full of voltage U0, now the first ON-OFF control circuit 31 Export the first control signal S1, control the first DC-DC control circuit 32 and rectification circuit 30 is exported DC voltage U1 carry out blood pressure lowering process, output is charged to accumulator 33, obtains instantaneous charging Voltage U2；If DC voltage U1 is less than less than equal to full voltage U0 and momentary charging voltage U2 Being full of voltage U0, now the first ON-OFF control circuit 31 exports the first control signal S1, controls first straight The DC voltage U1 that rectification circuit 30 is exported by stream/DC control circuit 32 carries out boosting process, output It is charged to accumulator 33, obtains momentary charging voltage U2；And for example fruit momentary charging voltage U2 Being equal to or in short-term higher than being full of voltage U0, no matter DC voltage U1 is higher or lower than full voltage U0, Now the first ON-OFF control circuit 31 exports the first control signal S1, controls the first DC-DC and controls electricity Road 32 makes it stop as accumulator 33 to charge.Above-mentioned control mode is only a specific example, this Invent without limitation, it is possible to the control mode using other is accumulator charging.
Alternatively, accumulator 33 can be lithium ion battery, Ni-MH battery, lead-acid battery or super The energy-storage travelling wave tubes such as capacitor.
In the electricity generation system that above-described embodiment provides, nano friction generator is as utilizing wind-power electricity generation The core component of TRT can convert wind energy into electric energy, and this electric energy is stored by energy storage device, Achieve and utilize wind-power electricity generation.The generating efficiency being additionally, since nano friction generator itself is the highest, makes Whole wind generator system has the highest generating efficiency, adds and designs structure efficiently, it is achieved that one Optimal generating efficiency.Meanwhile, it is convenient that the core component of this electricity generation system produces, and shape, size It is possible not only to be machined to microminiaturization, it is achieved the miniaturization of wind generator system；Bigger chi can also be machined to Very little, it is achieved high power generation.Further, since nano friction generator miniaturization, filming, and then make Obtaining whole electricity generation system weight to reduce, cost has obtained great reduction simultaneously.
Further, the TRT of above-mentioned electricity generation system provided by the present invention can also include solar energy Plate, combine use by wind power generation system and solar power system, it is achieved wind energy and solar energy Dual Collection utilization.
The circuit theory schematic diagram of another embodiment of the electricity generation system that Fig. 4 provides for the present invention.Fig. 4 institute The electricity generation system shown is to add solar panels 40, energy storage in place of the difference of electricity generation system shown in Fig. 3 Device farther includes second switch control circuit 41 and the second DC-DC control circuit 42.
Wherein second switch control circuit 41 controls with the outfan of solar panels 40, the second DC-DC Circuit 42 is connected with accumulator 33, and second switch control circuit 41 receives solar panels 40 output DC voltage U3 and the momentary charging voltage U2 of accumulator 33 feedback, according to DC voltage U3 and wink Time charging voltage U2 obtain the second control signal S2, the second control signal S2 is exported to the second direct current/ DC control circuit 42.The outfan of the second DC-DC control circuit 42 and solar panels 40, the Two ON-OFF control circuit 41 are connected with accumulator 33, and the second DC-DC control circuit 42 is according to The DC voltage that solar panels 40 are exported by the second control signal S2 of two ON-OFF control circuit 41 outputs U3 carries out conversion process and exports and charge to accumulator 33, obtains momentary charging voltage U2.
The operation principle of foregoing circuit is: when solar irradiation is mapped on solar panels 40, solar panels 40 can convert light energy into direct current energy, export DC voltage U3.Second switch control circuit 41 receives After the DC voltage U3 of solar panels 40 output and the momentary charging voltage U2 of accumulator 33 feedback, By DC voltage U3 and momentary charging voltage U2, full voltage U0 with accumulator 33 is carried out respectively Relatively, if DC voltage U3 is higher than being full of voltage U0 and momentary charging voltage U2 less than being full of voltage U0, now second switch control circuit 41 exports the second control signal S2, controls the second DC-DC control The DC voltage U3 that solar panels 40 are exported by circuit 42 processed carries out blood pressure lowering process, exports to energy storage electricity Road 33 is charged, and obtains momentary charging voltage U2；If DC voltage U3 is less than equal to fully charged Pressure U0 and momentary charging voltage U2 are less than being full of voltage U0, and now second switch control circuit 41 exports Second control signal S2, control that solar panels 40 export by the second DC-DC control circuit 42 is straight Stream voltage U3 carries out boosting process, and output is charged to accumulator 33, obtains momentary charging voltage U2；And for example fruit momentary charging voltage U2 is equal to or in short-term higher than being full of voltage U0, regardless of DC voltage U3 is higher or lower than being full of voltage U0, and now second switch control circuit 41 exports the second control signal S2, controls the second DC-DC control circuit 42 and makes it stop as accumulator 33 to charge.Above-mentioned control Mode is only a specific example, and the present invention is without limitation, it is possible to use other control mode Charge for accumulator.
The feature of the electricity generation system shown in Fig. 4 is to use solar panels and nano friction generator simultaneously for storage Can be charged by circuit, wherein nano friction generator collects wind energy, and solar energy collected by solar panels, this Two high efficiency systems are superimposed, and make the efficiency of whole system significantly be promoted.
The circuit theory schematic diagram of the another embodiment of the electricity generation system that Fig. 5 provides for the present invention.Such as Fig. 5 Shown in, the TRT of this electricity generation system except include above-mentioned nano friction generator and associated components thereof with Outward, solar panels 50 are also included；Further, energy storage device includes: the first ON-OFF control circuit 51, Rectification circuit 52, on-off circuit 53, second switch control circuit 54, DC-DC control circuit 55 With accumulator 56.
Wherein the first ON-OFF control circuit 51 and the outfan of solar panels 50, nano friction generator 10 Being connected, the first ON-OFF control circuit 51 receives the DC voltage U4 of solar panels 50 output, according to directly Stream voltage U4 is used for controlling the control whether nano friction generator works to nano friction generator 10 output Signal S3 processed.Rectification circuit 52 is connected with the outfan of nano friction generator 10, rectification circuit 52 Receive the alternating-current pulse signal of telecommunication of nano friction generator 10 output, this alternating-current pulse signal of telecommunication is carried out Rectification processes and obtains DC voltage U5.The outfan controlling end and solar panels 50 of on-off circuit 53 It is connected, controls the input/output terminal of on-off circuit 53 according to the DC voltage U4 of solar panels 50 output Connect with outfan or the rectification circuit 52 of solar panels 50.If the input/output of on-off circuit 53 End connects with the outfan of solar panels 50, then the direct current of the input/output terminal output of on-off circuit 53 Voltage U6 is equal to U4；If the input/output terminal of on-off circuit 53 connects with rectification circuit 52, that The DC voltage U6 of the input/output terminal output of on-off circuit 53 is equal to U5.Second switch controls electricity Road 54 and the input/output terminal of on-off circuit 53, DC-DC control circuit 55 and accumulator 56 Being connected, second switch control circuit 54 receives the DC voltage of the input/output terminal output of on-off circuit 53 U6 and the momentary charging voltage U7 of accumulator 56 feedback, according to DC voltage U6 and instantaneous charged electrical Pressure U7 obtains control signal S4, exports control signal S4 to DC-DC control circuit 55.Direct current / DC control circuit 55 and the input/output terminal of on-off circuit 53, second switch control circuit 54 and storage Can circuit 56 be connected, according to control signal S4 of second switch control circuit 54 output to on-off circuit The DC voltage U6 of the input/output terminal output of 53 carries out conversion process and exports and charge to accumulator 56, Obtain momentary charging voltage U7.
The operation principle of this electricity generation system is: when solar irradiation is mapped on solar panels 50, solar energy Plate 50 can convert light energy into direct current energy, exports DC voltage U4.The control end of on-off circuit 53 This DC voltage U4 can be simultaneously received, by DC voltage U4 with pre-with the first ON-OFF control circuit 51 First it is arranged in running voltage U in on-off circuit 53 and the first ON-OFF control circuit 51 ' compare, as Really U4 is more than or equal to U ', and on-off circuit 53 controls the output of its input/output terminal and solar panels 50 End connection, meanwhile the first ON-OFF control circuit 51 is used for controlling to nano friction generator 10 output Out-of-work control signal S3 of nano friction generator 10；If U4 is less than U ', the first switch control Circuit 51 processed is used for controlling nano friction generator 10 to nano friction generator 10 output and works on Control signal S3, meanwhile on-off circuit 53 controls its input/output terminal and rectification circuit 52 even Logical.Second switch control circuit 54 receives the DC voltage of the input/output terminal output of on-off circuit 53 After the momentary charging voltage U7 of U6 and accumulator 56 feedback, by DC voltage U6 and instantaneous charged electrical The U7 full voltage U0 respectively with accumulator 56 is pressed to compare, if DC voltage U6 is higher than It is full of voltage U0 and momentary charging voltage U7 less than being full of voltage U0, now second switch control circuit 54 output control signals S4, control DC-DC control circuit 55 by the input/output of on-off circuit 53 The DC voltage U6 of end output carries out blood pressure lowering process, and output is charged to accumulator 56, obtains wink Time charging voltage U7；If DC voltage U6 is less than equal to being full of voltage U0 and momentary charging voltage U7 Less than being full of voltage U0, now second switch control circuit 54 exports control signal S4, control direct current/ DC voltage U6 is carried out boosting process by DC control circuit 55, and output is filled to accumulator 56 Electricity, obtains momentary charging voltage U7；And for example fruit momentary charging voltage U7 is equal to or in short-term higher than fully charged Pressure U0, no matter DC voltage U6 is higher or lower than being full of voltage U0, now second switch control circuit 54 output control signals S4, control DC-DC control circuit 55 and make it stop as accumulator 56 to fill Electricity.Above-mentioned control mode is only a specific example, and the present invention is without limitation, it is possible to use it His control mode is accumulator charging.
Alternatively, accumulator 56 can be lithium ion battery, Ni-MH battery, lead-acid battery or super The energy-storage travelling wave tubes such as capacitor.
The feature of the electricity generation system shown in Fig. 5 is to use solar panels and nano friction generator alternately for storage Can be charged by circuit, wherein nano friction generator collects wind energy, and solar energy collected by solar panels.This Plant circuit design flexible, it is possible to automatically switch according to practical situation, in the case of solar energy abundance, adopt It is that accumulator is charged with solar panels, and makes nano friction generator quit work, extend Nano friction generator and the service life of rectification circuit；In the case of solar energy deficiency, use nanometer Friction generator is that accumulator is charged, and substantially increases the generating efficiency of whole system.
The structure of the nano friction generator being described in detail below in electricity generation system and operation principle.
The first structure of nano friction generator is as shown in figures 6 a and 6b.Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b is respectively Show perspective view and the cross-sectional view of the first structure of nano friction generator. This nano friction generator includes: the first electrode 61 being cascading, the first high molecular polymer is exhausted Edge layer 62, and the second electrode 63.Specifically, the first electrode 61 is arranged on the first high molecular polymer On first side surface of insulating barrier 62；And first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 62 the second side surface with The surface contact friction of the second electrode 63 also induces electric charge at the second electrode 63 and the first electrode 61. Therefore, the first above-mentioned electrode 61 and the second electrode 63 constitute two outfans of nano friction generator.
In order to improve the generating capacity of nano friction generator, at the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 62 The second side surface (i.e. on the face relative to the second electrode 63) be further provided with micro-nano structure 64.Therefore, When nano friction generator is squeezed, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 62 and the second electrode 63 Apparent surface can better contact with friction, and induce at the first electrode 61 and the second electrode 63 More electric charge.Owing to the second above-mentioned electrode 63 is mainly used in and the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 62 frictions, therefore, the second electrode 63 can also referred to as rub electrode.
Above-mentioned micro-nano structure 64 specifically can take the implementation that the following two kinds is possible: the first side Formula is, this micro-nano structure is micron order or the least nano level concaveconvex structure.This concaveconvex structure can Increase frictional resistance, improve generating efficiency.Described concaveconvex structure directly can be formed when film preparation, It also is able to make the surface of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier be formed by the method for polishing irregular concavo-convex Structure.Specifically, this concaveconvex structure can be semicircle, striated, cubic type, rectangular pyramid, Or the concaveconvex structure of the shape such as cylinder.The second way is, this micro-nano structure is nanoscale cavernous structure, Now the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier material therefor is preferably Kynoar (PVDF), and it is thick Degree is for the preferred 1.0mm of 0.5-1.2mm(), and the face of its relative second electrode is provided with multiple nano-pore. Wherein, the size of each nano-pore, i.e. width and the degree of depth, can select according to the needs of application, The preferably size of nano-pore is: width is 10-100nm and the degree of depth is 4-50 μm.The number of nano-pore Amount can output current value as required and magnitude of voltage be adjusted, and preferably these nano-pores are between hole Away from being uniformly distributed for 2-30 μm, preferred average pitch of holes is being uniformly distributed of 9 μm.
Introduce the operation principle of the nano friction generator shown in Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b in detail below.When When each layer of this nano friction generator is squeezed, the second electrode 63 in nano friction generator with First high molecular polymer insulating barrier 62 surface phase mutual friction produces electrostatic charge, and the generation of electrostatic charge can make Electric capacity between first electrode 61 and the second electrode 63 changes, thus causes the first electrode 61 He Between second electrode 63, electric potential difference occurs.Owing to the first electrode 61 and the second electrode 63 rub as nanometer The outfan wiping electromotor is connected with energy storage device, and energy storage device constitutes the dispatch from foreign news agency of nano friction generator Road, is equivalent to be connected by external circuit between two outfans of nano friction generator.When this nano friction When each layer of electromotor returns to original state, be at this moment formed between the first electrode and the second electrode is interior Electromotive force disappears, and will again produce reverse electromotive force between the most Balanced first electrode and the second electrode Difference.By repeatedly rubbing and recovering, it is possible to form the periodic alternating-current pulse signal of telecommunication in external circuit.
Research according to inventor finds, metal and high molecular polymer friction, and metal is more easy to lose electronics, Therefore metal electrode and high molecular polymer friction is used can to improve energy output.Therefore, correspondingly, In the nano friction generator shown in Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b, the second electrode is owing to needs are as friction electrode (i.e. metal) and the first high molecular polymer rub, and therefore its material can be selected from metal or alloy, Wherein metal can be Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, selenium, ferrum, manganese, molybdenum, Tungsten or vanadium；Alloy can be aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, copper alloy, kirsite, Manganese alloy, nickel alloy, metal, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungsten Alloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.First electrode, owing to being made without friction, therefore, removes Can select outside the material of above-mentioned the second electrode enumerated, other materials that can make electrode also may be used With application, say, that the first electrode except be selected from metal or alloy, wherein metal can be golden, Silver, platinum, palladium, aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, selenium, ferrum, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium；Alloy can be Aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, copper alloy, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, lead Alloy, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium close Outside gold or tantalum alloy, it is also possible to selected from non-metallic materials such as indium tin oxide, Graphene, nano silver wire films Material.
In the structure shown in Fig. 6 a, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and the second electrode are just to patch Close, and by the rubberized fabric adhere of outer ledge together, but the present invention is not limited only to this.First high score Multiple elastomeric element, such as spring can be provided with between sub-polymer insulation layer and the second electrode, these Spring is distributed in the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and the outer ledge of the second electrode, for formation first Resilient support arms between high molecular polymer insulating barrier and the second electrode.When External Force Acting is in nano friction During electromotor, nano friction generator is squeezed, and spring is compressed so that the first high molecular polymer Insulating barrier and the second electrode contact form frictional interface；When external force disappears, spring is upspring so that first High molecular polymer insulating barrier and the second electrode separation, nano friction generator returns to original state.
The second structure of nano friction generator is as shown in figs. 7 a and 7b.Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b is respectively Show perspective view and the cross-sectional view of the second structure of nano friction generator. This nano friction generator includes: the first electrode 71 being cascading, the first high molecular polymer is exhausted Edge layer 72, the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 74 and the second electrode 73.Specifically, the first electrode On 71 the first side surfaces being arranged on the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 72；Second electrode 73 is arranged on On first side surface of the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 74；Wherein, the first high molecular polymer is exhausted Second side surface of edge layer 72 and the second side surface contact friction of the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 74 And induce electric charge at the first electrode 71 and the second electrode 73.Wherein, the first electrode 71 and second Electrode 73 constitutes two outfans of nano friction generator.
In order to improve the generating capacity of nano friction generator, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 72 He At least one face in two faces that second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 74 is oppositely arranged is provided with micro-nano Structure.In fig .7b, the face of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 72 is provided with micro-nano structure 75.Cause This, when nano friction generator is squeezed, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 72 and second is high The apparent surface of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer insulating barrier 74 can better contact with friction, and the first electrode 71 He More electric charge is induced at second electrode 73.Above-mentioned micro-nano structure can refer to described above, this Place repeats no more.
Shown in the operation principle of the nano friction generator shown in Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b and Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b The operation principle of nano friction generator is similar to.Differ only in, when the nanometer shown in Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b When each layer of friction generator is squeezed, it is high by the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 72 and second The surface phase mutual friction of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer insulating barrier 74 produces electrostatic charge.Accordingly, with respect to Fig. 7 a and Here is omitted for the operation principle of the nano friction generator shown in Fig. 7 b.
Nano friction generator shown in Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b is mainly by polymer (the first high molecular polymerization Thing insulating barrier) and polymer (the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier) between friction produce the signal of telecommunication.
In such an embodiment, the first electrode and the second electrode material therefor can be indium tin oxide, graphite Alkene, nano silver wire film, metal or alloy, wherein metal can be Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminum, nickel, Copper, titanium, chromium, selenium, ferrum, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium；Alloy can be aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium conjunction Gold, beryllium alloy, copper alloy, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, metal, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, Bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.Above two is tied In structure, it is sub-that the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier are respectively selected from polyamides Amine thin film, aniline-formaldehyde resin thin film, polyformaldehyde thin film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, Melamino-formaldehyde thin film, Polyethylene Glycol succinate thin film, cellulose membrane, cellulose ethanoate are thin Film, 10PE27 thin film, polydiallyl phthalate thin film, fiber (regeneration) sea Meagre strength film, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer Thin film, staple fibre thin film, poly-methyl thin film, methacrylic acid ester film, polyvinyl alcohol film, poly- Alcohol film, mylar, polyisobutylene thin film, polyurethane flexible sponge films, poly-terephthaldehyde Acid glycol ester thin film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde-phenol thin film, neoprene thin film, fourth Diene propylene copolymer film, natural rubber films, polyacrylonitrile thin film, acrylonitrile vinyl chloride film and One in polyethylene the third diphenol carbonate thin film.Wherein, in the second structure, first is high in principle The material of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer insulating barrier and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier can be identical, it is also possible to no With.But, if the material of two-layer high molecular polymer insulating barrier is the most identical, triboelectrification can be caused The quantity of electric charge is the least.It is preferred that the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and the second high molecular polymer are exhausted The material of edge layer is different.
In the structure shown in Fig. 7 a, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 72 and the second high molecular polymerization Thing insulating barrier 74 is just to laminating, and by the rubberized fabric adhere of outer ledge together, but the present invention It is not limited only to this.First high molecular polymer insulating barrier 72 and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 74 it Between can be provided with multiple elastomeric element, Fig. 7 c shows the second structure of nano friction generator Having the elastomeric element perspective view as support arm, as shown in Figure 7 c, elastomeric element is optional For spring 70, these springs 70 are distributed in the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 72 and the second polyphosphazene polymer The outer ledge of compound insulating barrier 74 is high for forming the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 72 and second Resilient support arms between Molecularly Imprinted Polymer insulating barrier 74.When External Force Acting is in nano friction generator, Nano friction generator is squeezed, and spring 70 is compressed so that the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 72 contact formation frictional interface with the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 74；When external force disappears, spring 70 upspring so that the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 72 and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 74 points From, nano friction generator returns to original state.
In addition to above two structure, nano friction generator can also use the third structure to realize, as Shown in Fig. 8 a and Fig. 8 b.Fig. 8 a and Fig. 8 b respectively illustrates the third structure of nano friction generator Perspective view and cross-sectional view.It can be seen that the third structure is second A thin layer between two parties is added, it may be assumed that the nano friction generator of the third structure on the basis of planting structure Including first electrode the 81, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 82 being cascading, between two parties thin film Layer the 80, second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 84 and the second electrode 83.Specifically, the first electrode 81 It is arranged on the first side surface of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 82；Second electrode 83 is arranged on On first side surface of two high molecular polymer insulating barriers 84, and thin layer 80 is arranged on the first height between two parties Second side surface of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer insulating barrier 82 and the second side of the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 84 Between surface.Wherein, described thin layer between two parties 80 is relative with the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 82 sets At least one face in two faces put is provided with micro-nano structure 85, and/or described thin layer between two parties 80 He At least one face in two faces that second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 84 is oppositely arranged is provided with micro-nano Structure 85, the concrete set-up mode about micro-nano structure 85 can refer to described above, and here is omitted.
The material of the nano friction generator shown in Fig. 8 a and Fig. 8 b is referred to aforesaid the second structure The material of nano friction generator select.Wherein, thin layer can also gather selected from transparent height between two parties Thing polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polystyrene (PS), In polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), Merlon (PC) and polymeric liquid crystal copolymer (LCP) Any one.Wherein, described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and the insulation of the second high molecular polymer Material preferably clear high polymer polyethylene terephthalate (PET) of layer；Wherein, described between two parties The preferred polydimethylsiloxane of the material (PDMS) of thin layer.The first above-mentioned high molecular polymer is exhausted Edge layer, the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier, between two parties thin layer material can be identical, it is also possible to different. But, if the material of three floor height Molecularly Imprinted Polymer insulating barriers is the most identical, the electric charge of triboelectrification can be caused Measuring the least, therefore, in order to improve friction effect, the material of thin layer is different from the first polyphosphazene polymer between two parties Compound insulating barrier and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier, and the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and second The material of high molecular polymer insulating barrier is the most identical, so, can reduce material category, make the present invention Making convenient.
In the implementation shown in Fig. 8 a and Fig. 8 b, thin layer 80 is one layer of polymeric film between two parties, Substantially similar with the implementation shown in Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b, remain by polymer (between two parties Thin layer) and polymer (the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier) between friction generate electricity.Wherein, Thin layer is easily prepared and stable performance between two parties.
If in two faces that thin layer and the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier are oppositely arranged between two parties At least one face is provided with micro-nano structure, and in the structure shown in Fig. 8 a, the first high molecular polymer is exhausted Edge layer and thin layer between two parties be just to laminating, and by the rubberized fabric adhere of outer ledge together, but this Invention is not limited only to this.Can be provided with many between first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and between two parties thin layer Individual elastomeric element, such as spring, these springs are distributed in the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier with the thinnest The outer ledge of film layer, for forming the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and bullet between thin layer between two parties Property support arm.When External Force Acting is in nano friction generator, nano friction generator is squeezed, bullet Spring is compressed so that the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier forms frictional interface with thin film layer between two parties； When external force disappears, spring is upspring so that the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier separates with thin layer between two parties, Nano friction generator returns to original state.
If in two faces that thin layer and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier are oppositely arranged between two parties At least one face is provided with micro-nano structure, and in the structure shown in Fig. 8 a, the second high molecular polymer is exhausted Edge layer and thin layer between two parties be just to laminating, and by the rubberized fabric adhere of outer ledge together, but this Invention is not limited only to this.Can be provided with many between second high molecular polymer insulating barrier and between two parties thin layer Individual elastomeric element, such as spring, these springs are distributed in the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier with the thinnest The outer ledge of film layer, for forming the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier and bullet between thin layer between two parties Property support arm.When External Force Acting is in nano friction generator, nano friction generator is squeezed, bullet Spring is compressed so that the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier forms frictional interface with thin film layer between two parties； When external force disappears, spring is upspring so that the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier separates with thin layer between two parties, Nano friction generator returns to original state.
Alternatively, elastomeric element can be simultaneously located at thin layer and the insulation of the first high molecular polymer between two parties Layer, between two parties between thin layer and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier.
It addition, nano friction generator can also use the 4th kind of structure to realize, such as Fig. 9 a and Fig. 9 b Shown in, including: the first electrode 91 being cascading, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 92, occupy Between electrode layer 90, the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 94 and the second electrode 93；Wherein, the first electrode On 91 the first side surfaces being arranged on the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 92；Second electrode 93 is arranged on On first side surface of the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 94, it is high that intervening electrode layer 90 is arranged on first Second side surface of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer insulating barrier 92 and the second side of the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 94 Between surface.Wherein, the face of the first relative intervening electrode layer 90 of high molecular polymer insulating barrier 92 and residence Between the relative first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 92 of electrode layer 90 face at least one face on be provided with Micro-nano structure (not shown)；And/or, the second relative intervening electrode layer of high molecular polymer insulating barrier 94 At least one in the face of the face of 90 second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 94 relative with intervening electrode layer 90 Micro-nano structure (not shown) it is provided with on face.In this fashion, by intervening electrode layer 90 and Between one high molecular polymer insulating barrier 92 and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 94, friction produces electrostatic Lotus, thus will produce electric potential difference between intervening electrode layer 90 and the first electrode 91 and the second electrode 93, Now, the first electrode 91 and the series connection of the second electrode 93 are an outfan of nano friction generator；Occupy Between electrode layer 90 be another outfan of nano friction generator.
In the structure shown in Fig. 9 a and Fig. 9 b, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier, the second macromolecule The material of polymer insulation layer, the first electrode and the second electrode is referred to receiving of aforesaid the second structure The material of rice friction generator selects.Intervening electrode layer can select conductive film, conducting polymer, Metal material, metal material includes simple metal and alloy, simple metal selected from Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminum, Nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, selenium, ferrum, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium etc., alloy can be selected from light-alloy, and (aluminum closes Gold, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy etc.), weight non-ferrous alloy (copper alloy, kirsite, manganese alloy, Nickel alloy etc.), low-melting alloy (lead, stannum, cadmium, bismuth, indium, gallium and alloy thereof), refractory alloy (tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy, tantalum alloy etc.).The thickness of intervening electrode layer is preferred 100 μm-500 μm, more preferably 200 μm.
If the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier is relative with intervening electrode layer relative to the face of intervening electrode layer It is provided with micro-nano structure, at Fig. 9 a at least one face in the face of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier In shown structure, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and intervening electrode layer are just to laminating, and pass through Together, but the present invention is not limited only to this for the rubberized fabric adhere of outer ledge.First high molecular polymer is exhausted Can be provided with multiple elastomeric element, such as spring between edge layer and intervening electrode layer, these springs are distributed At the outer ledge of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier Yu intervening electrode layer, for forming the first macromolecule Resilient support arms between polymer insulation layer and intervening electrode layer.When External Force Acting generates electricity in nano friction During machine, nano friction generator is squeezed, and spring is compressed so that the first high molecular polymer insulation Layer contacts formation frictional interface with intervening electrode layer；When external force disappears, spring is upspring so that first is high Molecularly Imprinted Polymer insulating barrier separates with intervening electrode layer, and nano friction generator returns to original state.
If the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier is relative with intervening electrode layer relative to the face of intervening electrode layer It is provided with micro-nano structure, at Fig. 9 a at least one face in the face of the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier In shown structure, the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier and intervening electrode layer are just to laminating, and pass through Together, but the present invention is not limited only to this for the rubberized fabric adhere of outer ledge.Second high molecular polymer is exhausted Can be provided with multiple elastomeric element, such as spring between edge layer and intervening electrode layer, these springs are distributed At the outer ledge of the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier Yu intervening electrode layer, for forming the second macromolecule Resilient support arms between polymer insulation layer and intervening electrode layer.When External Force Acting generates electricity in nano friction During machine, nano friction generator is squeezed, and spring is compressed so that the second high molecular polymer insulation Layer contacts formation frictional interface with intervening electrode layer；When external force disappears, spring is upspring so that second is high Molecularly Imprinted Polymer insulating barrier separates with intervening electrode layer, and nano friction generator returns to original state.
Alternatively, elastomeric element can be simultaneously located at intervening electrode layer and the insulation of the first high molecular polymer Layer, between intervening electrode layer and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier.
The present invention provide employings nano friction generator wind generator system and with solar energy combination Electricity generation system achieve the dual Collection utilization of wind energy and solar energy, this has not only saved the energy, and Clean environment firendly, protects environment.For using the wind generator system of nano friction generator, owing to receiving The generating efficiency of rice friction generator itself is the highest, and makes whole wind generator system have the highest generating to imitate Rate, adds and designs structure efficiently, it is achieved that an optimal generating efficiency.
The structure of the wind generator system of the employing nano friction generator of the present invention can be designed to multiple Form, can design according to the structure that the different choice of application places is different, expands wind generator system Range of application.
The electricity generation system that the present invention provides achieves nano friction generator and collects wind power generation and solar energy The combination of generating, the superposition of two high efficiency subsystems, make the efficiency of whole system obtain significantly Improve.Still further provides a kind of energy storage device, this energy storage device flexible design, can automatically switch over, It is possible not only to storage nano friction generator simultaneously and collects wind energy electricity and solar energy electricity, also may be used Wind energy electricity and solar energy electricity is collected with alternately storage nano friction generator, simple to operate.
Finally it should be noted that: the present invention that listed above is only is embodied as example, certainly this The present invention can be modified and modification by the technical staff in field, if these amendments and modification belong to this Within the scope of invention claim and equivalent technologies thereof, all it is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (35)

1. an electricity generation system, it is characterised in that including: TRT and energy storage device；
Described TRT includes: for being generated electricity by least one nano friction that changes mechanical energy is electric energy Machine, the housing accommodating at least one nano friction generator described and fixing axle；The one of described fixing axle Part is positioned at described hull outside, and another part of described fixing axle extend into through the diapire of described housing Described enclosure interior；Each nano friction generator is by least one first elastomeric element and described housing Medial wall connect, and be connected with described fixing axle by least one second elastomeric element；
Described energy storage device is connected with the outfan of described nano friction generator, for rubbing described nanometer The electric energy wiping electromotor output stores；
Wherein, described energy storage device includes: rectification circuit, the first ON-OFF control circuit, the first direct current/ DC control circuit and accumulator；
Described rectification circuit is connected with the outfan of at least one nano friction generator described, receives described At least one nano friction generator output the alternating-current pulse signal of telecommunication and to the described alternating-current pulse signal of telecommunication Carry out rectification process and obtain DC voltage；
Described first ON-OFF control circuit and described rectification circuit, described first DC-DC control circuit Being connected with described accumulator, the DC voltage and the described accumulator that receive the output of described rectification circuit are anti- The momentary charging voltage of feedback, the DC voltage exported according to described rectification circuit and described accumulator feedback Momentary charging voltage obtain the first control signal, described first control signal is exported to described first straight Stream/DC control circuit；
Described first DC-DC control circuit and described rectification circuit, described first ON-OFF control circuit Be connected with described accumulator, according to described first ON-OFF control circuit output the first control signal to institute State the DC voltage of rectification circuit output to carry out conversion process and export and charge to described accumulator, obtain wink Time charging voltage.
Electricity generation system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the medial wall of described housing On be installed with at least one fixed component, described each nano friction generator pass through at least one first bullet Property parts and corresponding fixed component connect.
Electricity generation system the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described housing is one Cell body.
Electricity generation system the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described housing has There is on roof, and described roof multiple through hole.
Electricity generation system the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described first is elastic Parts and the second elastomeric element are spring.
Electricity generation system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described housing is cylindricality knot Structure.
Electricity generation system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described TRT also wraps Include: solar panels；Described energy storage device also includes: second switch control circuit and the second DC-DC Control circuit；
Described second switch control circuit and the outfan of described solar panels, described second DC-DC Control circuit is connected with described accumulator, receives the DC voltage of described solar panels output and described storage The momentary charging voltage of energy electronic feedback, the DC voltage exported according to described solar panels and described energy storage The momentary charging voltage of electronic feedback obtains the second control signal, exports described second control signal to institute State the second DC-DC control circuit；
Described second DC-DC control circuit and the outfan of described solar panels, described second switch Control circuit is connected with described accumulator, according to the second control of described second switch control circuit output The DC voltage that described solar panels are exported by signal carries out conversion process and exports and fill to described accumulator Electricity, obtains momentary charging voltage.
8. according to the electricity generation system described in claim 1 or 7, it is characterised in that described accumulator For lithium ion battery, Ni-MH battery, lead-acid battery or ultracapacitor.
Electricity generation system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described nano friction generates electricity Machine includes: the first electrode being cascading, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier, and the second electricity Pole；Wherein, described first electrode is arranged on the first side surface of described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier On；And the second side surface of described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier is arranged towards described second electrode, Described first electrode and the second electrode constitute the outfan of described nano friction generator.
Electricity generation system the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described first polyphosphazene polymer Second side surface of compound insulating barrier is provided with micro-nano structure.
11. electricity generation systems according to claim 10, it is characterised in that described first macromolecule Being provided with multiple elastomeric element between polymer insulation layer and described second electrode, described elastomeric element is used for Control under the effect of external force described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described second electrode contact and Separate.
12. electricity generation systems according to claim 11, it is characterised in that described nano friction is sent out Motor farther includes: be arranged between described second electrode and described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier The second high molecular polymer insulating barrier, it is exhausted that described second electrode is arranged on described second high molecular polymer On first side surface of edge layer；And the second side surface of described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier is with described Second side surface of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier is oppositely arranged.
13. electricity generation systems according to claim 12, it is characterised in that described first macromolecule At least one in two faces that polymer insulation layer and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier are oppositely arranged Face is provided with micro-nano structure.
14. electricity generation systems according to claim 13, it is characterised in that described first macromolecule It is provided with multiple elastomeric element, institute between polymer insulation layer and described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier State elastomeric element for controlling described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier under the effect of external force with described Second high molecular polymer insulating barrier is contacting and separating.
15. electricity generation systems according to claim 12, it is characterised in that described nano friction is sent out Motor farther includes: be arranged on described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described second polyphosphazene polymer Thin layer between two parties between compound insulating barrier, wherein, described thin layer between two parties is polymer film layer, and Described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier relatively described in the face of thin layer between two parties relative with thin layer between two parties On at least one face in the face of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and/or described second polyphosphazene polymer Compound insulating barrier relatively described in the face of thin layer between two parties with thin layer between two parties relative to the second high molecular polymer At least one face in the face of insulating barrier is provided with micro-nano structure.
16. electricity generation systems according to claim 15, it is characterised in that described first macromolecule Being provided with multiple elastomeric element between polymer insulation layer and described thin layer between two parties, this elastomeric element is used for Described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described thin film layer between two parties is controlled under the effect of external force And separation；
And/or, it is provided with many between described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described thin layer between two parties Individual elastomeric element, this elastomeric element is exhausted for controlling described second high molecular polymer under the effect of external force Edge layer and described thin film layer between two parties and separation.
17. electricity generation systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described nano friction generates electricity Machine includes: the first electrode being cascading, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier, intervening electrode layer, Second high molecular polymer insulating barrier and the second electrode；Wherein, described first electrode is arranged on described On first side surface of one high molecular polymer insulating barrier；Described second electrode is arranged on described second high score On first side surface of sub-polymer insulation layer, described intervening electrode layer is arranged on described first polyphosphazene polymer Second side surface of the second side surface of compound insulating barrier and described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier it Between, and the face of described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier the most described intervening electrode layer and intervening electrode layer Relative at least one face in the face of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and/or described second high score The face of sub-polymer insulation layer the most described intervening electrode layer with intervening electrode layer relative to the second polyphosphazene polymer At least one face in the face of compound insulating barrier is provided with micro-nano structure, described first electrode and the second electrode The outfan of described nano friction generator is constituted with described intervening electrode layer after being connected.
18. electricity generation systems according to claim 17, it is characterised in that described first macromolecule Being provided with multiple elastomeric element between polymer insulation layer and described intervening electrode layer, this elastomeric element is used for Under the effect of external force, control described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier contact with described intervening electrode layer And separation；
And/or, it is provided with many between described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described intervening electrode layer Individual elastomeric element, this elastomeric element is exhausted for controlling described second high molecular polymer under the effect of external force Edge layer and described intervening electrode layer are contacting and separating.
19. 1 kinds of electricity generation systems, it is characterised in that including: TRT and energy storage device；
Described TRT includes: for being generated electricity by least one nano friction that changes mechanical energy is electric energy Machine, the housing accommodating at least one nano friction generator described and fixing axle；The one of described fixing axle Part is positioned at described hull outside, and another part of described fixing axle extend into through the diapire of described housing Described enclosure interior；Each nano friction generator is by least one first elastomeric element and described housing Medial wall connect, and be connected with described fixing axle by least one second elastomeric element；
Described energy storage device is connected with the outfan of described nano friction generator, for rubbing described nanometer The electric energy wiping electromotor output stores；
Wherein, described TRT also includes: solar panels；Described energy storage device includes: the first switch Control circuit, rectification circuit, on-off circuit, second switch control circuit, DC-DC control circuit And accumulator；
The outfan of described first ON-OFF control circuit and described solar panels and at least one nanometer described Friction generator is connected, and receives the DC voltage of described solar panels output, defeated according to described solar panels The DC voltage gone out generates electricity for controlling nano friction at least one nano friction generator described output The control signal whether machine works；
Described rectification circuit is connected with the outfan of at least one nano friction generator described, receives described At least one nano friction generator output the alternating-current pulse signal of telecommunication and described pulse signal is entered Row rectification processes and obtains DC voltage；
The end that controls of described on-off circuit is connected with the outfan of described solar panels, according to described solar energy The input/output terminal of on-off circuit described in the DC voltage control of plate output and the output of described solar panels End or the connection of described rectification circuit；
Described second switch control circuit and the input/output terminal of described on-off circuit, described DC-DC Control circuit is connected with described accumulator, receive described on-off circuit input/output terminal output straight Stream voltage and the momentary charging voltage of described accumulator feedback, according to the input of described on-off circuit/defeated The momentary charging voltage of the DC voltage and described accumulator feedback that go out end output obtains control signal, will Described control signal exports to described DC-DC control circuit；
Described DC-DC control circuit and the input/output terminal of described on-off circuit, described second switch Control circuit is connected with described accumulator, according to the control signal of described second switch control circuit output The DC voltage exporting the input/output terminal of described on-off circuit carries out conversion process and exports to described storage Can charge by circuit, obtain momentary charging voltage.
20. electricity generation systems according to claim 19, it is characterised in that the inner side of described housing Be installed with at least one fixed component on wall, described each nano friction generator by least one first Elastomeric element connects with corresponding fixed component.
21. according to the electricity generation system described in claim 19 or 20, it is characterised in that described housing is One cell body.
22. according to the electricity generation system described in claim 19 or 20, it is characterised in that described housing has Have on roof, and described roof and there is multiple through hole.
23. according to the electricity generation system described in claim 19 or 20, it is characterised in that described first bullet Property parts and the second elastomeric element are spring.
24. electricity generation systems according to claim 19, it is characterised in that described housing is cylindricality Structure.
25. electricity generation systems according to claim 19, it is characterised in that described accumulator is Lithium ion battery, Ni-MH battery, lead-acid battery or ultracapacitor.
26. electricity generation systems according to claim 19, it is characterised in that described nano friction is sent out Motor includes: the first electrode being cascading, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier, and second Electrode；Wherein, described first electrode is arranged on the first side table of described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier On face；And the second side surface of described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier sets towards described second electrode Putting, described first electrode and the second electrode constitute the outfan of described nano friction generator.
27. electricity generation systems according to claim 26, it is characterised in that described first macromolecule Second side surface of polymer insulation layer is provided with micro-nano structure.
28. electricity generation systems according to claim 27, it is characterised in that described first macromolecule Being provided with multiple elastomeric element between polymer insulation layer and described second electrode, described elastomeric element is used for Control under the effect of external force described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described second electrode contact and Separate.
29. electricity generation systems according to claim 28, it is characterised in that described nano friction is sent out Motor farther includes: be arranged between described second electrode and described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier The second high molecular polymer insulating barrier, it is exhausted that described second electrode is arranged on described second high molecular polymer On first side surface of edge layer；And the second side surface of described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier is with described Second side surface of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier is oppositely arranged.
30. electricity generation systems according to claim 29, it is characterised in that described first macromolecule At least one in two faces that polymer insulation layer and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier are oppositely arranged Face is provided with micro-nano structure.
31. electricity generation systems according to claim 30, it is characterised in that described first macromolecule It is provided with multiple elastomeric element, institute between polymer insulation layer and described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier State elastomeric element for controlling described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier under the effect of external force with described Second high molecular polymer insulating barrier is contacting and separating.
32. electricity generation systems according to claim 29, it is characterised in that described nano friction is sent out Motor farther includes: be arranged on described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described second polyphosphazene polymer Thin layer between two parties between compound insulating barrier, wherein, described thin layer between two parties is polymer film layer, and Described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier relatively described in the face of thin layer between two parties relative with thin layer between two parties On at least one face in the face of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and/or described second polyphosphazene polymer Compound insulating barrier relatively described in the face of thin layer between two parties with thin layer between two parties relative to the second high molecular polymer At least one face in the face of insulating barrier is provided with micro-nano structure.
33. electricity generation systems according to claim 32, it is characterised in that described first macromolecule Being provided with multiple elastomeric element between polymer insulation layer and described thin layer between two parties, this elastomeric element is used for Described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described thin film layer between two parties is controlled under the effect of external force And separation；
And/or, it is provided with many between described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described thin layer between two parties Individual elastomeric element, this elastomeric element is exhausted for controlling described second high molecular polymer under the effect of external force Edge layer and described thin film layer between two parties and separation.
34. electricity generation systems according to claim 19, it is characterised in that described nano friction is sent out Motor includes: the first electrode being cascading, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier, intervening electrode Layer, the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier and the second electrode；Wherein, described first electrode is arranged on institute State on the first side surface of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier；Described second electrode is arranged on described second On first side surface of high molecular polymer insulating barrier, described intervening electrode layer is arranged on described first high score Second side surface of sub-polymer insulation layer and the second side table of described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier Between face, and the face of described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier the most described intervening electrode layer and between two parties electricity Pole layer is relative at least one face in the face of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and/or described second The face of high molecular polymer insulating barrier the most described intervening electrode layer with intervening electrode layer relative to the second high score At least one face in the face of sub-polymer insulation layer is provided with micro-nano structure, described first electrode and second Constitute the outfan of described nano friction generator with described intervening electrode layer after electrode is connected.
35. electricity generation systems according to claim 34, it is characterised in that described first macromolecule Being provided with multiple elastomeric element between polymer insulation layer and described intervening electrode layer, this elastomeric element is used for Under the effect of external force, control described first high molecular polymer insulating barrier contact with described intervening electrode layer And separation；
And/or, it is provided with many between described second high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described intervening electrode layer Individual elastomeric element, this elastomeric element is exhausted for controlling described second high molecular polymer under the effect of external force Edge layer and described intervening electrode layer are contacting and separating.
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