CN103311947A - Tri-pole direct current transmission system topology structure based on modular multi-level converter (MMC) - Google Patents
Tri-pole direct current transmission system topology structure based on modular multi-level converter (MMC) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tri-pole direct current transmission system topology structure based on an MMC. The tri-pole direct current transmission system topology structure is characterized in that direct current transmission is performed in a tri-pole connecting mode, and each pole comprises a rectification-side converter transformer, a rectification-side converter, a rectification-side smoothing reactor, a direct current transmission line, an inversion-side smoothing reactor, an inversion-side converter and an inversion-side converter transformer group. The rectification-side converters and the inversion-side converters are in modular multi-level structures, sub-modules of different amounts are connected in series and in parallel to be adapted to requirements for different voltage classes and currents, and three transmission lines used in a tri-pole direct current system are cables or overhead lines. The tri-pole direct current transmission system topology structure is high in reliability and capable of meeting the requirement for changing alternating current lines into direct current lines, phase change failures on the inversion side can be avoided under the condition that an alternating current system breaks down, voltages on two sides of the alternating current system can be stabilized, a alternating current filtering and reactive compensation device is not needed, and good application values are provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the power transmission and distribution technical field, be specifically related to a kind of three utmost point DC transmission system that existing alternating current circuit are transformed into DC power transmission line.
Background technology
Along with China's economy grows continuously and fast, electricity needs contradiction becomes increasingly conspicuous.The growth of electric load has exceeded the transmittability of original transmission line of alternation current on the one hand, and limited by land resource, is difficult to obtain new transmission of electricity corridor; On the other hand, the conventional AC transmission of electricity is subjected to insulation, AC network characteristic limitations, and the circuit transmission power seldom reaches the maximum heat power that lead can bear, and therefore need employ new technology and further excavate the transmission of electricity potentiality of existing line.
Compare with ac transmission, adopt direct current transportation, line current can reach the maximum heat limit that lead can bear.2004, Barthold L O proposed a kind of employing direct current modulation in patent US6714427B1, the transmission line of alternation current was converted into three utmost point direct current transportation technology of DC power transmission line.In the various conversion plans that the alternating current circuit are transformed into DC power transmission line, because three utmost point direct current transportation schemes can take full advantage of original interchange three-phase line, therefore with respect to bipolar and one pole direct current transportation modification scheme, three utmost point direct current transportation schemes have advantage at aspects such as improving ability to transmit electricity, Financial cost and reliability.Utilize three utmost point direct current transportation technology that the alternating current circuit is transformed into DC power transmission line at present and be in the principle conceptual phase, still do not have engineering example.
Fig. 1 is three utmost point direct current transportation major loop figure based on conventional LCC-HVDC that Barthold L O proposes, shown in figure, the utmost point 1, the utmost point 2 are the bipolar transmission system of conventional LCC-HVDC, and the utmost point 3 is for having the one pole transmission system of two-way admittance ability, and its polarity of voltage and the sense of current can change fast.
LCC-HVDC adopts half control type thyristor, advantages such as the maturation that possesses skills, transmission power are big, good economy performance, but exist AC system intensity comparatively responsively, commutation failure easily takes place in the inversion side; Can not insert passive system; Reactive power consumption is big, and output voltage, output current harmonics content height need to install filter and come shortcomings such as harmonic carcellation.
In recent years, very fast based on flexible high pressure direct current transportation (VSC-HVDC) technical development of voltage source converter, compare with traditional direct current transportation technology, having does not need the electrical network commutation voltage to support, and can power to passive network; There is not commutation failure; Can realize that active power, reactive power independently control; Need not advantages such as reactive power compensator.
The topological structure that VSC-HVDC is commonly used comprises two level converters, three level converters and modularization multi-level converter (MMC) structure.Two level converters, three level converters since level number seldom, use to need solve problems such as device series average-voltage, loss are bigger in high pressure large-power occasions such as direct current transportation, MMC-HVDC has characteristics such as switching frequency is low, loss is little, easy expansion, preferably resolves an above-mentioned difficult problem.
Therefore three utmost point direct current transportation schemes among Fig. 1 exist the shortcoming of LCC-HVDC equally owing to adopt conventional LCC-HVDC technology.Break down and to cause that commutation failure takes place three utmost points of direct current simultaneously as inversion top-cross streaming system, cause the DC line transmission power to interrupt, the receiving-end system safety and stability is constituted a threat to.In addition, in three utmost point direct current system runnings, each electrode current size and the utmost point 3 polarity of voltages and the sense of current all need to change fast by some cycles, certainly will produce disturbance to the two ends AC system.
In order to address the above problem, take full advantage of the flexible high pressure direct current transportation advantage, a kind of three utmost point DC transmission system topological structures based on modularization multi-level converter are proposed, utilize the output of modularization multi-level converter quick adjustment idle, l improves the performance of both sides AC system, avoid whole system inversion side generation commutation failure, improved three utmost point direct current transportation reliabilities, satisfy the alternating current circuit and be transformed into the DC power transmission line demand.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of three utmost point DC transmission system topological structures based on modularization multi-level converter, satisfy the alternating current circuit and be transformed into the DC power transmission line needs, solution guarantees whole direct current system stable operation based on the shortcoming of three utmost point direct current transportation of LCC-HVDC.
Technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of three utmost point DC transmission system topological structures based on modularization multi-level converter, adopt three utmost point types of attachment to carry out direct current transportation, each utmost point comprises rectification side converter transformer, rectification side converter, rectification side smoothing reactor, DC power transmission line, inversion side smoothing reactor, inversion side converter, inversion side converter transformer group; Rectification side converter and inversion side converter adopt the modular multilevel structure, and by connection in series-parallel varying number submodule unit to adapt to the needs of different electric pressures and electric current, three transmission lines that three utmost point direct current systems adopt both can be cables, also can be overhead transmission lines.
Further, adopt two modularization multi-level converter series connection to constitute the converter of positive negative bipolar in three utmost point DC transmission system, draw the ground connection branch road in the middle of the two poles of the earth, link to each other with the 3rd utmost point earth terminal with two-way admittance ability module multilevel converter composition; The facies unit mid point of three utmost point rectifier inverters, inversion converter links to each other with converter transformer winding secondary respectively, three utmost point rectifier inverters, inversion converter DC side link to each other with three transmission lines by smoothing reactor, constitute three utmost point DC transmission system respectively as the utmost point 1 of positive pole, as the utmost point 2 of negative pole, double as is the utmost point 3 of positive pole/negative pole.
Further, described three utmost point DC transmission system are in service, and two utmost point direct voltage polarity and direct current direction are invariable, and current ration is periodic modulation between maximum and minimum value; The 3rd utmost point direct voltage polarity and direct current direction can change fast, its direct current definite value is got direct current definite value poor of two other utmost point, and direct voltage is followed the direct current direction and changed that to present periodic counter-rotating constant to guarantee the direct current power transmission direction.
Further, direct voltage polarity needs rectification side converter and the inversion side converter of the 3rd utmost point of periodic counter-rotating to adopt the full-bridge submodule, comprises four IGBT, an electric capacity and four diodes.
Further, as adopting cable power transmission, then the converter of constant two utmost points of direct voltage polarity adopts the half-bridge submodule, comprises two IGBT, an electric capacity and two diodes.
Further, as adopt overhead transmission line to transmit electricity, then the rectification side converter of constant two utmost points of direct voltage polarity and inversion side converter adopt clamper Shuangzi module, and each clamper Shuangzi module is made of the guiding IGBT connection in series-parallel through two clamping diodes and a band inverse parallel diode of equivalent half-bridge unit 1 and equivalent half-bridge unit 2.Comprise two IGBT, an electric capacity and two diodes.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: a kind of three utmost point DC transmission system topological structures based on modularization multi-level converter that the present invention proposes, has very high reliability, can satisfy the alternating current circuit and be transformed into the DC line demand, commutation failure can not take place in the inversion side under AC system breaks down situation, can stablize both sides AC system voltage, need not ac filter and reactive power compensator, have the excellent engineering using value.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is three utmost point DC transmission system principle assumption diagrams based on LCC-HVDC;
Fig. 2 is typical module multilevel converter system configuration schematic diagram;
Three utmost point DC transmission system structure principle charts based on modularization multi-level converter that Fig. 3 proposes for the present invention;
Fig. 4 is half-bridge sub modular structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is clamper Shuangzi modular structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is full-bridge sub modular structure schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated.
As Figure 1-3, each utmost point direct voltage polarity of three utmost point direct current systems just is respectively, and is negative, just/negative, MMC is modularization multi-level converter; The present invention proposes a kind of three utmost point DC transmission system topological structures based on modularization multi-level converter: comprise rectification converter transformer, rectifier inverter, rectification smoothing reactor, direct current overhead transmission line, inversion smoothing reactor, inversion converter and inverse transformation convertor transformer, rectifier inverter and inversion converter are made up of a modularization multi-level converter respectively, three circuits that adopt both can be cables, also can be overhead transmission lines.SM among Fig. 2
1-SM
nThe modularization multi-level converter submodule unit that is.
The rectification converter transformer, the three-phase alternating current that is used for the sending end AC system is provided carries out the electric pressure conversion.
Rectifier inverter is used for the three-phase alternating current after the electric pressure conversion is converted to direct current.
Smoothing reactor is for the ripple of stabilizing described direct current.
The inversion converter, the direct current after being used for stabilizing is converted to three-phase alternating current.
The inverse transformation convertor transformer, the three-phase alternating current that is used for multilevel converter is converted to carries out the electric pressure conversion, to flow to the receiving end AC system.
Modularization multi-level converter is made up of 6 brachium pontis among Fig. 3, and one group of series connection of two brachium pontis constitutes a facies unit, and the junction is called the facies unit mid point, and each brachium pontis is in series by a submodule (elementary cell) and a brachium pontis reactor at least.
Three utmost point DC transmission system adopt two modularization multi-level converters series connection to constitute positive negative bipolars, draw the ground connection branch road in the middle of the described positive and negative polarities, and the earth terminal of the 3rd utmost point of forming with the modularization multi-level converter with two-way admittance ability links to each other; The facies unit mid point of three utmost point rectifier inverters, inversion converter links to each other with converter transformer winding secondary respectively, three utmost point rectifier inverters, inversion converter DC side link to each other with three transmission lines by smoothing reactor, constitute three utmost point DC transmission system respectively as the utmost point 1 of positive pole, as the utmost point 2 of negative pole, double as is the utmost point 3 of positive pole/negative pole.The elementary cell of above-mentioned converter adopts the modular multilevel structure, and rated voltage is all identical with current class, converter by connection in series-parallel varying number elementary cell to adapt to the needs of different electric pressures and electric current.
In three utmost point direct current system runnings, two utmost point direct voltage polarity and direct current direction are invariable, and current ration is periodic modulation between maximum and minimum value; The 3rd utmost point direct voltage polarity and direct current direction can change fast, its direct current definite value is got direct current definite value poor of two other utmost point, and direct voltage is followed the direct current direction and changed that to present periodic counter-rotating constant to guarantee the direct current power transmission direction.
Because in three utmost point direct current system runnings, each electrode current size and the 3rd pole tension polarity and the sense of current all need to change fast by some cycles, to produce disturbance to the two ends AC system, cause ac bus voltage fluctuation, flickering, reduce the quality of power supply of both sides AC system.Three utmost point direct current system both sides are adopted and are decided alternating voltage control or Reactive Power Control for this reason, reactive power by the output of quick adjustment modularization multi-level converter, suppress ac bus voltage fluctuation, flickering, improve the both sides AC system quality of power supply, improve both sides AC system performance.
Three circuits as employing are cable, because cable fault is low, and as breaking down, normally permanent fault is removed fault by tripping interchange side switch and got final product, and can not influence the availability factor of whole system.Therefore rectification and the inversion converter submodule (elementary cell) of constant two utmost points of direct voltage polarity can adopt half-bridge structure, and concrete structure comprises the IGBT of two serial connections, an electric capacity and two diodes as shown in Figure 4; The anode of described two diodes connects the source electrode of two IGBT respectively, and the negative electrode of two diodes connects the drain electrode of corresponding IGBT respectively; The drain electrode of a described IGBT connects the source electrode of the 2nd IGBT via electric capacity, and the source electrode of an IGBT connects the drain electrode of the 2nd IGBT, and is in series with the brachium pontis reactor.
Three circuits as employing are overhead transmission line, because the probability of overhead transmission line generation temporary fault is higher, as then interruption duration is longer to adopt tripping interchange side switch to remove fault, influence the availability factor of whole system, therefore need remove the fault of DC side by the control of converter self, the converter submodule of constant two utmost points of direct voltage polarity adopts the clamper Shuangzi modular structure with fault ability of removing DC side for this reason.Concrete structure is as shown in Figure 5: comprise two clamper submodules, each clamper submodule by the 1 and second equivalent half-bridge unit 2, the first equivalent half-bridge unit through D6, D7 clamping diode and band inverse parallel diode D5 with the 5th IGBT(T5) formation in parallel; First IGBT(T1) collector electrode links to each other with an end of first electric capacity (C1), the other end of first electric capacity and second IGBT(T2) emitter link to each other, constitute described first half-bridge unit; The 3rd IGBT(T3) collector electrode links to each other with an end of second electric capacity (C2), the other end of second electric capacity and the 4th IGBT(T4) emitter link to each other, constitute described second half-bridge unit, all IGBT(T1 among the figure～T5) is inverse parallel fly-wheel diode (D1～D5) all.
No matter be cable power transmission scheme or overhead transmission line scheme, because the 3rd utmost point direct voltage polarity of three utmost point DC transmission system needs periodic counter-rotating, therefore the 3rd utmost point converter submodule adopts the full bridge structure that can realize the output of direct voltage reversed polarity, concrete structure is as shown in Figure 6: T1, T2, T3, T4 represent four IGBT in the full-bridge submodule respectively, D1, D2, D3, D4 represent the inverse parallel diode of corresponding IGBT respectively, C represents capacitor in the full-bridge submodule, definition U
CBe capacitance voltage, then T1 and T4 conducting, submodule is output as U
CT2 and T3 conducting, submodule is output as-U
CT1 and T2 or T3 and T4 conducting, submodule is output as 0.Owing to adopt the modularization multi-level converter of full-bridge submodule to have the ability of removing the DC side fault, therefore satisfy the requirement that the 3rd utmost point of overhead transmission line scheme removed the DC side fault equally.
Above embodiment only for explanation technological thought of the present invention, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this, every technological thought that proposes according to the present invention, and any change of doing on the technical scheme basis all falls within the protection range of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. three utmost point DC transmission system topological structures based on modularization multi-level converter, it is characterized in that: adopt three utmost point types of attachment to carry out direct current transportation, each utmost point comprises rectification side converter transformer, rectification side converter, rectification side smoothing reactor, DC power transmission line, inversion side smoothing reactor, inversion side converter, inversion side converter transformer group; Rectification side converter and inversion side converter adopt the modular multilevel structure, and to adapt to the needs of different electric pressures and electric current, three transmission lines that three utmost point direct current systems adopt are cable or overhead transmission line by connection in series-parallel varying number submodule unit.
2. by described a kind of three utmost point DC transmission system topological structures based on modularization multi-level converter of claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt two modularization multi-level converter series connection to constitute positive negative bipolar in three utmost point DC transmission system, draw the ground connection branch road in the middle of the two poles of the earth, link to each other with the 3rd utmost point earth terminal with two-way admittance ability module multilevel converter composition; The facies unit mid point of three utmost point rectifier inverters, inversion converter links to each other with converter transformer winding secondary respectively, three utmost point rectifier inverters, inversion converter DC side link to each other with three transmission lines by smoothing reactor, constitute three utmost point DC transmission system respectively as the utmost point 1 of positive pole, as the utmost point 2 of negative pole, double as is the utmost point 3 of positive pole/negative pole.
3. by claim 1 or 2 described a kind of three utmost point DC transmission system topological structures based on modularization multi-level converter, it is characterized in that: three utmost point DC transmission system are in service, two utmost point direct voltage polarity and direct current direction are invariable, and current ration is periodic modulation between maximum and minimum value; The 3rd utmost point direct voltage polarity and direct current direction can change fast, its direct current definite value is got direct current definite value poor of two other utmost point, and direct voltage is followed the direct current direction and changed that to present periodic counter-rotating constant to guarantee the direct current power transmission direction.
4. a kind of three utmost point DC transmission system topological structures based on modularization multi-level converter as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: direct voltage polarity needs the converter of the 3rd utmost point of periodic inversion to adopt the full-bridge submodule, comprises four IGBT, an electric capacity and four diodes.
5. a kind of three utmost point DC transmission system topological structures based on modularization multi-level converter as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: adopt cable power transmission, then the converter of constant two utmost points of direct voltage polarity adopts the half-bridge submodule, comprises the IGBT of two serial connections, an electric capacity and two diodes.
6. a kind of three utmost point DC transmission system topological structures based on modularization multi-level converter as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: as adopting the overhead transmission line transmission of electricity, then the converter of constant two utmost points of direct voltage polarity adopts clamper Shuangzi module; Each clamper Shuangzi module is made of the guiding IGBT connection in series-parallel through two clamping diodes and a band inverse parallel diode of the 1st equivalent half-bridge unit and the 2nd equivalent half-bridge unit.
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