Background technology
The single-phase battery energy storage inverter that has simultaneously generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems operation function and bringing onto load independent operation function, its circuit as shown in Figure 1, it comprises the full control main switch (S that anti-paralleled diode is arranged by four
1~S
4) the single-phase brachium pontis that consists of, be connected on the output inductor (L) between brachium pontis mid point and AC network or the AC load.This single-phase battery energy storage inverter can be realized the function of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, also can the bringing onto load independent operating, but circuit working is at the hard switching state, exist the reverse-recovery problems of diode, the devices switch loss is large, limited the raising of operating frequency, reduced circuit efficiency and had larger electromagnetic interference.
Through retrieval, publication number is the Chinese patent application of 101667793A, this invention provides a kind of combining inverter, comprise DC power supply, the memory module that is connected with DC power supply, the inversion module that is connected with memory module, and the output module that is connected with electrical network with inversion module respectively, and the continuous current circuit that is connected with output module with inversion module respectively.In this invention, on the basis of the full-bridge grid-connected inverter of traditional single phase, cooperate simultaneously corresponding modulation system by introducing continuous current circuit, thereby efficiently solve the full-bridge grid-connected inverter of traditional single phase existing problem when adopting the bipolarity modulation and adopting the unipolarity modulation, thereby improved conversion efficiency and the Electro Magnetic Compatibility of inverter.
Publication number is the Chinese patent application of 102163934A, and this invention relates to a kind of combining inverter, and it comprises: four inverter transistors, two afterflow transistors, two diodes and two filter inductances; During work, microcontroller makes half power frequency period of the first afterflow transistor turns, make simultaneously the cut-off of the first, the 4th inverter transistor and the second afterflow transistor, and make second, third inverter transistor under the synchronous triggering of described high frequency trigger signal, make high frequency to switch synchronously, so that the positive half cycle of the outboard end output AC power source of first, second filter inductance; Then described microcontroller makes half power frequency period of the second afterflow transistor turns, make simultaneously the cut-off of second, third inverter transistor and the first afterflow transistor, the first, the 4th inverter transistor is made high frequency and is switched synchronously under the synchronous triggering of described high frequency trigger signal, so that the negative half period of the outboard end output AC power source of first, second filter inductance, so repeatedly.
Be that the Chinese patent application of 101667793A and 102163934A is compared with publication number, at first: topological structure and corresponding control strategy that the present invention proposes not only make circuit can be operated under the unity power factor inversion operating mode, can also be operated in the rectification operating mode, realize the four quadrant running of current transformer; Secondly, the control strategy main purpose that proposes among patent 101667793A and the 102163934A is to reduce the electromagnetic compatibility problem of the lower single-phase inverter of unipolarity modulation, and the present invention is by increasing an auxiliary tube, the no-voltage that realizes all switches is open-minded, the establishment diode reverse recovery, both inverter efficiency can be improved, also Electro Magnetic Compatibility can be improved.Even if inverter adopts the bipolarity modulation like this, efficient also can be higher than general inverter, can effectively solve electromagnetic compatibility problem simultaneously.At last, the bridge-type inverter that the present invention proposes can not only be operated in and net state, also can be operated in band AC load independence inverter mode.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.Following examples will help those skilled in the art further to understand the present invention, but not limit in any form the present invention.Should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement.These all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 2, a kind of low auxiliary voltage zero voltage switch energy storage bridge-type inverter circuit diagram comprises the DC side storage battery, and dc capacitor C is by four full control main switch S that anti-paralleled diode is arranged
1~S
4The single-phase brachium pontis that consists of is connected on the output inductor L between brachium pontis mid point and AC network or the AC load, wherein: four main switch S of single-phase brachium pontis
1~S
4An electric capacity in parallel is C respectively
R1~C
R4, access has the auxiliary switch S of anti-paralleled diode between the dc bus of DC side storage battery and single-phase brachium pontis
5With clamping capacitance C
cSeries arm, and at series arm two ends cross-over connection resonant inductance Lr, main switch and auxiliary switch two ends shunt capacitance.
In the specific embodiment shown in Figure 2, auxiliary switch S
5Collector electrode and clamping capacitance C
cLink to each other, emitter and single-phase brachium pontis positive bus-bar link clamping capacitance C
cThe other end and DC side storage battery anode link resonant inductance L
rOne end and single-phase brachium pontis positive bus-bar link, and the other end and inverter direct-flow side storage battery anode link.
Among another embodiment shown in Figure 3, auxiliary switch S
5Collector electrode and DC side storage battery anode link, emitter and clamping capacitance C
cLink to each other clamping capacitance C
cThe other end and single-phase brachium pontis positive bus-bar link resonant inductance L
rOne end and inverter direct-flow side storage battery anode link, and the other end and single-phase brachium pontis positive bus-bar link.
Among another embodiment shown in Figure 4, auxiliary switch S
5Collector electrode and DC side storage battery negative terminal link, emitter and clamping capacitance C
cLink to each other clamping capacitance C
cThe other end and single-phase brachium pontis negative busbar link resonant inductance L
rOne end and inverter direct-flow side storage battery negative terminal link, and the other end and single-phase brachium pontis negative busbar link.
Among another embodiment shown in Figure 5, auxiliary switch S
5Collector electrode and clamping capacitance C
cLink to each other, emitter and single-phase brachium pontis negative busbar link clamping capacitance C
cThe other end and DC side storage battery negative terminal link resonant inductance L
rOne end and single-phase brachium pontis negative busbar link, and the other end and inverter direct-flow side storage battery negative terminal link.
Low auxiliary voltage zero voltage switch battery energy storage inverter adopts the SPWM modulation.
SPWM is divided into unipolarity and bipolarity.Bipolarity when modulation, at whole modulating wave in the cycle, main switch S1, S4 and S2, S3 complementation conducting; During the unipolarity modulation, at positive half period, S1 often opens, and S3 often closes, the complementary conducting of S2 and S4, and at negative half-cycle, S1 often closes, and S3 often opens, the complementary conducting of S2 and S4.Because the unipolarity modulation can remain that the on off state of two switching tubes is constant in the modulating wave half period, thereby reduces switching loss, so single-phase inverter often adopts the Unipolar SPWM modulation.
If Sine Modulated voltage is u
Ref=msin (ω t), when adopting the unipolarity modulation, at positive half period, S1 often opens, and S3 often closes, the complementary conducting of S2 and S4, switch S 2 duty ratio D=1-msin (ω t), switch S 4 duty ratio D=msin (ω t).At negative half-cycle, S1 often closes, and S3 often opens, the complementary conducting of S2 and S4, switch S 2 duty ratio D=msin (ω t), switch S 4 duty ratio D=1-msin (ω t).
For low auxiliary voltage zero voltage switch battery energy storage inverter, according to alternating voltage and filter inductance sense of current, the inverter operating state is divided into 4 intervals, as shown in Figure 6.Wherein, in interval 2 and interval 4, inverter control is similar.Control at interval 1 and interval 3 interior inverters is similar.Here first similar at interval 2(interval 4 take low auxiliary voltage zero voltage switch battery energy storage inverter shown in Figure 2) a switch periods analyze as example, the switching pulse control sequential of inverter is as shown in Figure 7.In cycle, inverter has 9 operating states at a switch.Fig. 8 ~ Figure 16 is the work equivalent electric circuit in the next switch periods of interval 2 operating modes; Main voltage and current waveform during work as shown in figure 17.
Stage 1 (t
0-t
1):
As shown in Figure 8, main switch S
1, S
2With auxiliary switch S
5Be in conducting state.By resonant inductance L
r, clamping capacitance C
cWith auxiliary switch S
5In the resonant tank that forms, the electric current of resonant inductance Lr increases in linearity.
Stages 2 (t
1-t
2):
As shown in Figure 9, t
1Constantly, auxiliary switch S
5Turn-off resonant inductance L
rGive main switch S
3, S
4Shunt capacitance C
R3, C
R4, auxiliary switch S is given in discharge
5Shunt capacitance C
R5Charging, S
5No-voltage is turn-offed.To t
2Constantly, two main switch S
3, S
4Shunt capacitance C
R3, C
R4Voltage resonance arrives zero, main switch S
3, S
4Anti-paralleled diode begin conducting, main switch S
4Can realize that no-voltage is open-minded.
Stages 3 (t
2-t
3):
As shown in figure 10, t
2Constantly, main switch S
2The driving signal turn-offs, S
2Anti-paralleled diode still be in conducting state.Resonant inductance L
rTerminal voltage is inverter direct-current power supply voltage by clamp, resonant inductance L
rThe electric current linearity reduces, main switch S
4Anti-and diode electrically cleanliness be reduced to zero.
Stages 4 (t
3-t
4):
As shown in figure 11, t
3Constantly, drive main switch S
4The realization no-voltage is open-minded.Main switch S
4With main switch S
2The anti-paralleled diode change of current, main switch S
2Anti-and diode experience reversely restoring process because resonant inductance L
rExistence, main switch S
2Anti-and diode reverse recovery current is suppressed.Resonant inductance L
rTerminal voltage is inverter direct-current power supply voltage by clamp, resonant inductance L
rThe electric current linearity reduces.
Stages 5 (t
4-t
5):
As shown in figure 12, be enough to realize inverter soft switching in order to make the resonant inductance stored energy, open again S2 constantly at t4, S2 and S4 lead directly to and form the afterflow path like this, and storage battery magnetizes to resonant inductance by this path, and t5 turn-offs S2 constantly, and the stage of magnetizing finishes.
Stages 6 (t
5-t
6):
As shown in figure 13, to t
5Constantly, circuit enters main switch S
1, S
4Conducting state.From t5 constantly, resonant inductance L
rBeginning and main switch S
2, S
3Shunt capacitance C
R2, C
R3, auxiliary switch S
5Shunt capacitance C
R5Resonance, main switch S
2, S
3The two ends capacitor C
R2, C
R3Voltage begins to increase auxiliary switch S
5Two ends shunt capacitance C
R5Voltage reduces, to t
6Constantly, S
5Two ends shunt capacitance C
R5Voltage is reduced to zero, S
5Anti-also diode current flow, S
5The realization no-voltage is open-minded.
Stages 7 (t
6-t
7):
As shown in figure 14, to t6 constantly, resonant inductance L
rWith main switch S
2, S
3Shunt capacitance C
R2, C
R3, auxiliary switch S
5Shunt capacitance C
R5Resonance stops, and main switch side DC bus-bar voltage is battery tension and clamp capacitor voltage sum, and circuit is kept main switch S
1, S
4Conducting state.
Stages 8 (t
7-t
8):
As shown in figure 15, to t
7Constantly, main switch S
4Turn-off, the electric current among the filter inductance L is to main switch S
4Shunt capacitance C
R4Main switch S is given in charging
2Shunt capacitance C
R2Discharge is because S
4The existence of shunt capacitance, S
4The realization no-voltage is turn-offed.To t8 constantly, main switch S
2The anti-paralleled diode clamper, S
2Open-minded under zero voltage condition.
Stages 9 (t
8-t
9):
As shown in figure 16, to t8 constantly, S
2Open-minded, main switch S
2Body in diode current flow, t9 constantly t0 circuit state is identical constantly, repeat next cycle.
When low auxiliary voltage zero voltage switch battery energy storage inverter shown in Figure 2 similar at interval 1(interval 3) time, only need remove the operating state of the bridge arm direct pass among Figure 17, its concrete circuit diagram is (take interval 3 as example) shown in Figure 19 ~ 26.Figure 18 is the pulse control sequential chart of the present invention under interval 1 and interval 3 operating modes.Figure 27 is the main voltage and current waveform in the next switch periods of interval 3 operating modes.In cycle, inverter has 5 operating states at a switch.Like this, low auxiliary voltage zero voltage switch battery energy storage inverter shown in Figure 2 is applicable to any power factor operating mode.
Stage 1 (t
0-t
1):
As shown in figure 19, main switch S
1, S
4With auxiliary switch S
5Be in conducting state.By resonant inductance L
r, clamping capacitance C
cWith auxiliary switch S
5In the resonant tank that forms, the electric current of resonant inductance Lr is linear to be increased.
Stages 2 (t
1-t
2):
As shown in figure 20, t
1Constantly, auxiliary switch S
5Turn-off resonant inductance L
rGive main switch S
2, S
3Shunt capacitance C
R2, C
R3, auxiliary switch S is given in discharge
5Shunt capacitance C
R5Charging.To t
2Constantly, two main switch S
2, S
3Shunt capacitance C
R2, C
R3Voltage resonance arrives zero, auxiliary switch S
5Shunt capacitance C
R5Voltage resonance is to V
Dc, resonant inductance L
rWith main switch S
2, S
3Shunt capacitance C
R2, C
R3, auxiliary switch S
5Shunt capacitance C
R5Resonance is finished, main switch S
2Possess the no-voltage of realization and open condition.
Stages 3 (t
2-t
3):
As shown in figure 21, t
2Constantly, two main switch S
2, S
3Shunt capacitance C
R2, C
R3Voltage resonance arrives zero, the anti-paralleled diode clamper.Voltage is V on the auxiliary switch
Dc, DC bus-bar voltage equals zero, at this moment main switch S
4The driving signal close S
4Anti-paralleled diode still is in conducting state.
Stages 4 (t
3-t
4):
As shown in figure 22, to t
4Constantly give switching tube S
2Increase messenger, main switch S
2The realization no-voltage is open-minded.Main switch S
2With main switch S
4Anti-paralleled diode finish the change of current after, S
4Anti-paralleled diode enter the reverse recovery stage.Owing to have auxiliary resonance inductance L r, so the reverse recovery current of diode is inhibited.To t
4Constantly, main switch S
4The electric current of anti-and diode turn-off to zero, circuit enters main switch S
1, S
2Conducting state.
Stages 5 (t
4-t
5):
As shown in figure 23, to t
4Constantly, resonant inductance L
rGive main switch S
2, S
3Shunt capacitance C
R3, C
R4Auxiliary switch S is given in charging
5Shunt capacitance C
R5Discharge.To t
5Constantly, two main switch S
3, S
4Shunt capacitance C
R3, C
R4Voltage resonance is to V
Dc, auxiliary switch S
5Shunt capacitance C
R5Voltage resonance is to zero, and auxiliary switch has possessed the condition that no-voltage is opened.
Stages 6 (t
5-t
6):
As shown in figure 24, t
5Constantly, open signal to auxiliary switch, auxiliary switch realizes that no-voltage is open-minded, and circuit is kept main switch S
1, S
2Conducting state.
Stages 7 (t
6-t
7):
As shown in figure 25, t
6Constantly, turn-off main switch S
2, main switch S
2Shunt capacitance C
R2Voltage rises, main switch S
4Shunt capacitance C
R4Voltage drop is to t
7Constantly, realize main switch S
2, S
4The change of current.
Stages 8 (t
7-t
8):
As shown in figure 26, to t
7Constantly, main switch S
2Body in diode current flow, t
8Moment t
0Circuit state is identical constantly, repeats next cycle.
More than be a preferred embodiment of the present invention, for the embodiment shown in Fig. 3-5, its implementation and above-mentioned embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 similar no longer describes in detail.
Based on above-described embodiment, the present invention is simple in structure, and to and fro flow of power can be realized the energy-storage battery charging and discharging; Main switch adopts sine wave pulse width modulation method, and auxiliary switch modulation signal and main switch are synchronous.Auxiliary switch only moves and just can realize that once all main switch no-voltages are open-minded in each switch periods, main switch anti-paralleled diode reverse recovery current is inhibited, switching loss is little, circuit efficiency is high, be conducive to improve operating frequency, and then the raising power density, inverter both can be operated in and net state, also can be with AC load to be operated in independent inverter mode.。
More than specific embodiments of the invention are described.It will be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various distortion or modification within the scope of the claims, and this does not affect flesh and blood of the present invention.