CN102522766B - Flyback type miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter with power decoupling circuit and control method thereof - Google Patents
Flyback type miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter with power decoupling circuit and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102522766B CN102522766B CN201110347169.0A CN201110347169A CN102522766B CN 102522766 B CN102522766 B CN 102522766B CN 201110347169 A CN201110347169 A CN 201110347169A CN 102522766 B CN102522766 B CN 102522766B
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
A purpose of the present invention is disclosing a flyback type miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter with a power decoupling circuit and a control method thereof. The inverter comprises a flyback converter and a power frequency polarity conversion circuit. The flyback converter is provided with a power decoupling circuit, a decoupling capacitance voltage grade is higher than output voltage of a solar energy photovoltaic array, decoupling capacitance voltage is allowed to fluctuate in a large range, thus decoupling capacitance capacity is decreased, power decoupling can be realized by only using a non-electrolytic capacitor, using an electrolytic capacitor is avoided, a service life of the miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter is prolonged, and reliability is raised. Through the control method, not only is decoupling of miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter output power and solar energy photovoltaic array output power realized, but also direct current voltage and current waveform outputted by the solar energy photovoltaic array can maintain smooth, a service life of the solar energy photovoltaic array is guaranteed, and realization of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
A kind of flyback type miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter with power decoupling circuit of the present invention and control method thereof.
Background technology
Miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, because its capacity usage ratio is high, set expandability is good, be easy to the advantages such as installation, is more and more subject to people's attention.Particularly, combined by Miniature inverter when forming AC module with single photovoltaic array, inverter needs the life-span matched with photovoltaic array.
In miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, photovoltaic array produces the power of smooth direct current due to the effect of MPPT, and the power of grid-connected survey is the power pulsations of twice mains frequency.Usually at photovoltaic array two ends and the electrochemical capacitor of the United Nations General Assembly's capacitance solves the unbalanced problem of this instantaneous power, power decoupled is realized.But the life-span of electrochemical capacitor is very short, far below the life-span of photovoltaic array.Therefore, electrochemical capacitor becomes the key factor of restriction inverter longevity, also reduces the reliability of whole system.
Summary of the invention
The present invention's first object is the defect existed for combining inverter in background technology, for improving the life and reliability of inverter, provides a kind of flyback type miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter with power decoupling circuit.For this reason, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
With a flyback type miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter for power decoupling circuit, it comprises an anti exciting converter and a power frequency polarity switching; The output voltage of photovoltaic array is connected with the input of output filter capacitor with described anti exciting converter by the input filter capacitor that is connected in parallel on the output voltage of photovoltaic array; The output port of described anti exciting converter is connected with described power frequency polarity switching; Be provided with a power decoupling circuit in described anti exciting converter, described power decoupling circuit input is connected with input filter capacitor with photovoltaic array, and output is connected with the former limit of described anti exciting converter.
On the basis adopting technique scheme, the present invention also can adopt following further technical scheme:
Described power decoupling circuit comprises the first decoupling switch pipe, the second decoupling switch pipe, decoupling zero diode, a decoupling zero inductance and a decoupling capacitance; Described first decoupling switch pipe is connected with photovoltaic array and input filter capacitor with after described decoupling zero inductance series connection; Described decoupling capacitance one end is connected with the positive ends of the output voltage of photovoltaic array and one end of described input filter capacitor, and the described decoupling capacitance other end is connected with the positive pole of decoupling zero diode, the source electrode of described second decoupling switch pipe; The negative pole of described decoupling zero diode is connected with one end of described decoupling zero inductance with the source electrode of described decoupling switch pipe, and the described other end of decoupling zero inductance is connected with the negative polarity end of the output voltage of photovoltaic array and the other end of described input filter capacitor; The drain electrode of described second decoupling switch pipe is connected with the drain electrode of all anti exciting converters former limit switching tube.
Described anti exciting converter comprises former limit switching tube, transformer, secondary-side switch pipe and secondary rectifier diode; The Same Name of Ends of former limit winding of described flyback transformer is connected with one end of the positive ends of the output voltage of photovoltaic array and described input filter capacitor, and the non-same polarity of the former limit winding of described flyback transformer is connected with the drain electrode of the drain electrode of described former limit switching tube, described second decoupling switch pipe; The source electrode of described former limit switching tube is connected with the negative polarity end of the other end of described input filter capacitor and the output voltage of photovoltaic array; The non-same polarity of the vice-side winding of described flyback transformer is connected with described missing of secondary-side switch pipe; The source electrode of described secondary-side switch pipe is connected with the positive pole of described secondary rectifier diode; The described negative pole of secondary rectifier diode and one end of output filter capacitor be connected.The Same Name of Ends of the vice-side winding of described flyback transformer is connected with the other end of described output filter capacitor.
The input of described power frequency polarity switching is connected with described output filter capacitor.Described power frequency polarity switching is the full bridge inverter be made up of four switching tubes; The power frequency drive singal of four switching tubes in described power frequency polarity switching, drives homophase to pipe, and pipe drives anti-phase up and down.
Described input filter capacitor, output filter capacitor and decoupling capacitance are non-electrolytic capacitor.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of control method of above-mentioned photovoltaic combining inverter.For this reason, the present invention by the following technical solutions: the transformer primary side exciting current of described anti exciting converter adopts peak value comparison method, transformer secondary is exported average current and is modulated to half-sinusoid shape; The output voltage of described anti exciting converter is clamped by line voltage; The sinusoidal half-wave current that described power frequency polarity switching is exported by anti exciting converter described in the method process of dipole inversion, and be connected to the grid, realize exporting sinusoidal grid-connected current.
On the basis adopting technique scheme, the present invention also can adopt following further technical scheme:
When the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter is not more than the power output of photovoltaic array, described anti exciting converter former limit switching tube is open-minded, described transformer primary side magnetizing inductance magnetizes by sinusoidal current benchmark, described anti exciting converter former limit switching tube turns off subsequently, described decoupling circuit work, described first decoupling switch pipe is open-minded, and described decoupling zero inductive current is described first decoupling switch pipe shutoff after reaching decoupling zero peak current benchmark; Described decoupling zero inductive current is through photovoltaic array, and described decoupling capacitance and described decoupling zero diode continuousing flow, until electric current reduces to zero; Described flyback transformer secondary-side switch pipe conducting subsequently, the Energy Coupling that transformer stores, to secondary, is discharged to electrical network by described power frequency polarity switching.
When the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter is greater than the power output of photovoltaic array, described anti exciting converter former limit switching tube is open-minded, send out transformer primary side magnetizing inductance and magnetize by fixed current benchmark, described anti exciting converter former limit switching tube turns off subsequently, described second decoupling switch pipe is open-minded, described decoupling capacitance continues to charge to magnetizing inductance, until after sinusoidal current benchmark, described second decoupling switch pipe turns off, the conducting of described transformer secondary switching tube, the Energy Coupling that transformer stores is to secondary, discharged to electrical network by described power frequency polarity switching.
When the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter is not more than the power output of photovoltaic array, the sinusoidal current benchmark i of described magnetizing inductance
refsinfor:
The decoupling zero peak current benchmark i of described decoupling zero inductance
decouplingfor:
Wherein P
pvfor the power output of photovoltaic array, V
pvfor the output voltage values of photovoltaic array, T
sfor the switch periods of anti exciting converter former limit switching tube, L
mfor the magnetizing inductance of anti exciting converter, L
dfor decoupling zero inductance, V
dfor the instantaneous voltage on decoupling capacitance.
When the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter is greater than the power output of photovoltaic array, the fixed current benchmark i of described magnetizing inductance
reffixfor:
Described sinusoidal current benchmark i when described decoupling capacitance continues to charge to magnetizing inductance
refsinfor:
Wherein P
pvfor the power output of photovoltaic array, T
sfor the switch periods of anti exciting converter former limit switching tube, L
mfor the magnetizing inductance of anti exciting converter.
The present invention adopts decoupling capacitance to replace the electrochemical capacitor on former DC bus to play the effect of decoupling zero by decoupling circuit, make decoupling capacitance electric pressure higher than the output voltage of photovoltaic array, allow decoupling capacitance voltage wide fluctuations, thus decoupling capacitance capacity is reduced, only need to use non-electrolytic capacitor to realize power decoupled, thus avoid use electrochemical capacitor, extend the useful life of miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, improve reliability.By this control method, not only achieve the decoupling zero of miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter power output and photovoltaic array power output, and the direct voltage that photovoltaic array can be allowed to export and current waveform keep mild, ensure that the useful life of photovoltaic array, be also conducive to realizing MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT).
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of flyback type miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter circuit theory diagrams with power decoupling circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is grid-connected voltage, electric current and corresponding power oscillogram in a power frequency period.
Fig. 3 is each signal waveforms of high frequency period applying control method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of flyback type miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter 10 with power decoupling circuit of the present invention, it comprises an anti exciting converter 101 and a power frequency polarity switching 103; The output voltage of photovoltaic array 20 is connected with the input of anti exciting converter 101 by the input filter capacitor that is connected in parallel on the output voltage of photovoltaic array; The output port of anti exciting converter 101 is connected with power frequency polarity switching 103 with output filter capacitor; Be provided with a power decoupling circuit 102 in anti exciting converter 101, power decoupling circuit 102 input is connected with input filter capacitor with photovoltaic array 20, and output is connected with the described former limit of anti exciting converter 101.
Power decoupling circuit 102 comprises the first decoupling switch pipe 1021, decoupling zero inductance 1022, decoupling zero diode 1023, decoupling capacitance 1024 and the second decoupling switch pipe 1025; First decoupling switch pipe 1021 is connected with photovoltaic array 20 and input filter capacitor after connecting with decoupling zero inductance 1022; Decoupling capacitance 1024 one end is connected with the positive ends of the output voltage of photovoltaic array 20 and one end of input filter capacitor, and decoupling capacitance 1024 other end is connected with the positive pole of decoupling zero diode 1023, the source electrode of the second decoupling switch pipe 1025; The negative pole of decoupling zero diode 1023 is connected with one end of decoupling zero inductance 1022 with the source electrode of the first decoupling switch pipe 1021, and the other end of decoupling zero inductance 1022 is connected with the other end of the negative polarity end of the output voltage of photovoltaic array 20 and input filter capacitor; The drain electrode of the second decoupling switch pipe 1025 is connected with the drain electrode of anti exciting converter former limit switching tube 1012.
Anti exciting converter 101 comprises transformer 1011, former limit switching tube 1012, secondary-side switch pipe 1013 and secondary rectifier diode; The Same Name of Ends of former limit winding of flyback transformer 1011 is connected with one end of the positive ends of the output voltage of photovoltaic array 20 and described input filter capacitor, and the non-same polarity of the former limit winding of flyback transformer 1011 is connected with the drain electrode of described former limit switching tube 1012, the drain electrode of the second decoupling switch pipe 1025; The negative polarity end of the output voltage of the source electrode of former limit switching tube 1012 and the other end of input filter capacitor and photovoltaic array 20 is connected; The non-same polarity of the vice-side winding of described flyback transformer 1011 is connected with missing of secondary-side switch pipe 1012; The source electrode of 1013 secondary-side switch pipes is connected with the positive pole of secondary rectifier diode; The negative pole of secondary rectifier diode and one end of output filter capacitor be connected.The Same Name of Ends of the vice-side winding of flyback transformer 1011 is connected with the other end of output filter capacitor.
The constrained input filter capacitor of power frequency polarity switching 30 is connected.Power frequency polarity switching 30 is the full bridge inverters be made up of four switching tubes; The power frequency drive singal of four switching tubes in described power frequency polarity switching; Drive homophase to pipe, pipe drives anti-phase up and down.
V
pVthe VD of-photovoltaic array 20; V
g-grid side voltage; The transformer 1011 of T-anti exciting converter, the former secondary turn ratio is 1:N; S
m-former limit main switch 1012; S
1-the first decoupling switch pipe 1021; S
2-the second decoupling switch pipe 1025; L
d-decoupling zero inductance 1022; D
d-decoupling zero diode 1023; C
d-decoupling capacitance 1024; S
d-anti exciting converter secondary-side switch pipe 1013; D
dthe secondary rectifier diode of-anti exciting converter; S
aC1~ S
aC4the switching tube of-polarity switching 103; C
in-input filter capacitor; C
o-output filter capacitor; L
fthe filter inductance of-output filter; C
fthe filter capacitor of-output filter;
The input filter capacitor of photovoltaic combining inverter 10 of the present invention, output filter capacitor and decoupling capacitance 1024 are non-electrolytic capacitor.
With reference to Fig. 2, in a power frequency period, line voltage v
ac(t), current i
act sine wave that () is homophase, consequent instantaneous power is p
ac(t):
And the power output of photovoltaic array is:
Like this, the difference of the instantaneous value of input and output and decoupling circuit need power p to be processed
d(t):
Fig. 3 is in a power frequency period, the current reference of static exciter inductance and the drive waveforms of each switching tube.Wherein, p
pvt power output that () is photovoltaic array, p
act () outputs to the instantaneous power of electrical network for photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.I
1for the transient current that photovoltaic array exports, i
lmfor the electric current of inverse excitation type converter former limit magnetizing inductance, i
sfor the transient current of inverter secondary, S
mthe drive singal of inverse excitation type converter former limit switching tube, S
1for the drive singal of the first decoupling switch pipe in decoupling circuit, S
2for the drive singal of the second decoupling switch pipe in decoupling circuit, S
dfor the drive singal of inverse excitation type converter secondary-side switch pipe.I
refsinfor the sinusoidal current benchmark of inverse excitation type converter former limit magnetizing inductance, i
decouplingfor the decoupling zero peak current benchmark of decoupling zero inductance in decoupling circuit, i
reffixfor the fixed current benchmark of inverse excitation type converter former limit magnetizing inductance.
When the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter is not more than the power output of photovoltaic array, its control procedure is as follows: anti exciting converter former limit switching tube 1012 is open-minded, and transformer 1011 former limit magnetizing inductance presses sinusoidal current benchmark i
refsinmagnetize, anti exciting converter former limit switching tube 1012 turns off subsequently, and decoupling circuit 102 works, and the first decoupling switch pipe 1021 is open-minded, and the electric current of decoupling zero inductance 1022 reaches current reference i
decouplingrear first decoupling switch pipe 1021 turns off.Decoupling zero inductance 1022 electric current through photovoltaic array 20, decoupling capacitance 1024 and decoupling zero diode 1023 afterflow, until electric current reduces to zero.Flyback transformer secondary-side switch pipe 1013 conducting subsequently, the Energy Coupling that transformer 1011 stores, to secondary, is discharged to electrical network 30 by power frequency polarity switching 103.The sinusoidal current benchmark i of magnetizing inductance
refsinfor:
The current reference i of decoupling zero inductance 1022
decouplingfor:
Wherein P
pvfor the power output of photovoltaic array, V
pvfor the output voltage values of photovoltaic array, T
sfor the switch periods of anti exciting converter former limit switching tube, L
mfor the magnetizing inductance of anti exciting converter, L
dfor decoupling zero inductance, V
dfor the instantaneous voltage on decoupling capacitance.
When the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter is greater than the power output of photovoltaic array, anti exciting converter former limit switching tube 1012 is open-minded, and transformer 1011 former limit magnetizing inductance is by fixing current reference i
reffixmagnetize, anti exciting converter former limit switching tube 1012 turns off subsequently, and the second decoupling switch pipe 1025 is open-minded, and decoupling capacitance 1024 continues to magnetizing inductance charging, until former limit exciting current reaches sinusoidal current benchmark i
refsinafter, the second decoupling switch pipe 1025 turns off, transformer secondary switching tube 1013 conducting, and the Energy Coupling that transformer 1011 stores, to secondary, is discharged to electrical network 30 by described power frequency polarity switching 103.The fixed current benchmark i of magnetizing inductance
reffixfor:
Described sinusoidal current benchmark i when decoupling capacitance 1024 continues to charge to magnetizing inductance
refsinfor:
Wherein P
pvfor the power output of photovoltaic array, T
sfor the switch periods of anti exciting converter former limit switching tube, L
mfor the magnetizing inductance of anti exciting converter.
The flyback type miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter with power decoupling circuit according to Fig. 1, according to above-mentioned control method, decoupling capacitance capacitance can be reduced within the scope of thin-film capacitor capacitance, replace electrochemical capacitor with long-life thin-film capacitor, thus realize the object in the life-span of improving miniature photovoltaic grid-connected inverter.
Claims (9)
1. with a flyback type miniature photovoltaic grid connected inverter for power decoupling circuit, it is characterized in that: it comprises an anti exciting converter and a power frequency polarity switching; The output voltage of photovoltaic array is connected with the input of described anti exciting converter by the input filter capacitor that is connected in parallel on the output voltage of photovoltaic array; The output port of described anti exciting converter is connected with described power frequency polarity switching with output filter capacitor; Be provided with a power decoupling circuit in described anti exciting converter, described power decoupling circuit input is connected with input filter capacitor with photovoltaic array, and output is connected with the former limit of described anti exciting converter;
Described power decoupling circuit comprises the first decoupling switch pipe, the second decoupling switch pipe, decoupling zero diode, a decoupling zero inductance and a decoupling capacitance; Described first decoupling switch pipe and described decoupling zero inductance are in parallel with photovoltaic array and input filter capacitor after connecting; Described decoupling capacitance one end is connected with the positive ends of the output voltage of photovoltaic array and one end of described input filter capacitor, and the described decoupling capacitance other end is connected with the positive pole of decoupling zero diode, the source electrode of described second decoupling switch pipe; The negative pole of described decoupling zero diode is connected with one end of described decoupling zero inductance with the source electrode of described first decoupling switch pipe, and the described other end of decoupling zero inductance is connected with the negative polarity end of the output voltage of photovoltaic array and the other end of described input filter capacitor; The drain electrode of described second decoupling switch pipe is connected with the drain electrode of described anti exciting converter former limit switching tube.
2. photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described anti exciting converter comprises former limit switching tube, transformer, secondary-side switch pipe and secondary rectifier diode; The Same Name of Ends of former limit winding of described flyback transformer is connected with one end of the positive ends of the output voltage of photovoltaic array and described input filter capacitor, and the non-same polarity of the former limit winding of described flyback transformer is connected with the drain electrode of the drain electrode of described former limit switching tube, described second decoupling switch pipe; The source electrode of described former limit switching tube is connected with the negative polarity end of the other end of described input filter capacitor and the output voltage of photovoltaic array; The non-same polarity of the vice-side winding of described flyback transformer is connected with described missing of secondary-side switch pipe; The source electrode of described secondary-side switch pipe is connected with the positive pole of described secondary rectifier diode; The described negative pole of secondary rectifier diode is connected with one end of output filter capacitor, and the Same Name of Ends of the vice-side winding of described flyback transformer is connected with the other end of described output filter capacitor.
3. photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the input of described power frequency polarity switching is connected with described output filter capacitor, and described power frequency polarity switching is the full bridge inverter be made up of four switching tubes; The power frequency drive singal of four switching tubes in described power frequency polarity switching, drives homophase to pipe, and pipe drives anti-phase up and down.
4. photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described input filter capacitor, output filter capacitor and decoupling capacitance are non-electrolytic capacitor.
5. the control method of photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the transformer primary side exciting current of described anti exciting converter adopts peak value comparison method, transformer secondary is exported average current and is modulated to half-sinusoid shape; The output voltage of described anti exciting converter is by line voltage clamp; The sinusoidal half-wave current that described power frequency polarity switching is exported by anti exciting converter described in the method process of dipole inversion, and be connected to the grid, realize exporting sinusoidal grid-connected current.
6. control method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described photovoltaic combining inverter also has the structure of claim 2;
When the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter is not more than the power output of photovoltaic array, described anti exciting converter former limit switching tube is open-minded, described transformer primary side magnetizing inductance magnetizes by sinusoidal current benchmark, described anti exciting converter former limit switching tube turns off subsequently, described decoupling circuit work, described first decoupling switch pipe is open-minded, and described decoupling zero inductive current is described first decoupling switch pipe shutoff after reaching decoupling zero peak current benchmark; Described decoupling zero inductive current is through photovoltaic array, and described decoupling capacitance and described decoupling zero diode continuousing flow, until electric current reduces to zero; Described flyback transformer secondary-side switch pipe conducting subsequently, the Energy Coupling that transformer stores, to secondary, is discharged to electrical network by described power frequency polarity switching.
7. control method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described photovoltaic combining inverter also has the structure of claim 2;
When the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter is greater than the power output of photovoltaic array, described anti exciting converter former limit switching tube is open-minded, described transformer primary side magnetizing inductance magnetizes by fixed current benchmark, described anti exciting converter former limit switching tube turns off subsequently, described second decoupling switch pipe is open-minded, described decoupling capacitance continues to charge to magnetizing inductance, until after sinusoidal current benchmark, described second decoupling switch pipe turns off, the conducting of described transformer secondary switching tube, the Energy Coupling that transformer stores is to secondary, discharged to electrical network by described power frequency polarity switching.
8. control method according to claim 6, is characterized in that when the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter is not more than the power output of photovoltaic array, the sinusoidal current benchmark i of described magnetizing inductance
refsinfor:
The decoupling zero peak current benchmark i of described decoupling zero inductance
decouplingfor:
Wherein P
pvfor the power output of photovoltaic array, V
pvfor the output voltage values of photovoltaic array, T
sfor the switch periods of anti exciting converter former limit switching tube, L
mfor the magnetizing inductance of anti exciting converter, L
dfor decoupling zero inductance, V
dfor the instantaneous voltage on decoupling capacitance.
9. control method according to claim 7, is characterized in that when the power output of photovoltaic combining inverter is greater than the power output of photovoltaic array, the fixed current benchmark i of described magnetizing inductance
reffixfor:
Described sinusoidal current benchmark i when described decoupling capacitance continues to charge to magnetizing inductance
refsinfor:
Wherein P
pvfor the power output of photovoltaic array, T
sfor the switch periods of anti exciting converter former limit switching tube, L
mfor the magnetizing inductance of anti exciting converter.
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