CN102411376B - Photovoltaic support synchronous tracking method adopting direct current bus - Google Patents
Photovoltaic support synchronous tracking method adopting direct current bus Download PDFInfo
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- CN102411376B CN102411376B CN2011103415968A CN201110341596A CN102411376B CN 102411376 B CN102411376 B CN 102411376B CN 2011103415968 A CN2011103415968 A CN 2011103415968A CN 201110341596 A CN201110341596 A CN 201110341596A CN 102411376 B CN102411376 B CN 102411376B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a photovoltaic tracking support synchronous tracking control method which comprises the steps that: one direct current bus synchronously tracks a plurality of single-shaft tracking supports through one controller; each single-shaft tracking support is connected with the direct current bus only through two leads; each single-shaft tracking support can realize mechanical limit protection and accumulated error elimination, and an inclining angle sensor only needs to be arranged on one synchronously tracked single-shaft support as control feedback; two direct current buses synchronously track a plurality of double-shaft tracking supports through one controller; each double-shaft tracking support is only provided with four leads which are connected with the two direct current buses; each double-shaft tracking support can realize mechanical limit protection and accumulated error elimination; and the inclining angle sensor only needs to be arranged on one synchronously tracked double-shaft support as control feedback. The control method has strong project feasibility and high tracking precision, the initial price and the post maintenance fee of the tracking support are greatly reduced, and a wide development prospect is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of photovoltaic bracket method for synchronized.
Background technology
Along with the reduction of maturation and the cost of technology, photovoltaic generation at home and abroad is widely used.Difference according to the rack form that adopts, can be divided into fixed and automatic tracking type.Automatic tracking bracket can be so that the generated energy of system improves 10%～50% with respect to fixed bracket, but the cost of automatic tracking bracket and maintenance cost are also apparently higher than fixed bracket.
In order to reduce initial cost, Chinese invention patent: a kind of method for synchronized array tracking solar photovoltaic generator automatically (CN 101030741A) has proposed a kind of method for synchronized of photovoltaic array based on AC bus.Its technical characterictic is: (1) adopts the AC power of same frequency to drive simultaneously all synchronous micromotors that are connected to the synchronous tracking support that on AC bus, rotating speed is identical, follows the tracks of support inclination angle, two, position angle tracking direction mechanical reduction than identical; (2) light sensor is installed on tracking support therein and is realized FEEDBACK CONTROL.
The problem and shortage that this synchronous tracking and controlling method exists is as follows: (1) owing to only on a tracking support, light sensor detection position of sun being installed therein, synchronous other support of following the tracks of fails to realize closed-loop control; And the parameter of the mechanical parameter of each support, synchronous motor and suffered wind regime difference to some extent causes support not follow the tracks of by Complete Synchronization, and tracking error can accumulate, thereby tracking effect is reduced greatly; But should invention not consider to eliminate the problem of accumulated error; And, exchange control bus owing to adopting, if will eliminate accumulated error, need to be on each support the installation site sensor, and passing the signal along to synchronous tracking control unit, this has increased support and has been connected with the cable between controller, has brought difficulty for when increasing cost debugging, maintenance; (2) for guarantee following the tracks of the security of support operation, this method for synchronized must be each support mounting limit sensor (generally each axially installs 2), to guarantee the support position that can not exceed the maximum, causes damage; Because adopting, this patent exchanges control bus, these limit sensors must pass the signal along to by other cable synchronous tracking control unit, so that making stoppage protection and can control support, it turns back to normal operation angle scope, this has increased support and has been connected with the cable between controller, has brought difficulty for when increasing cost debugging, maintenance; (3) this method for synchronized adopts light sensor to survey position of sun, and the tracking meeting is malfunctioning when sensor has dust to cover and be overcast and rainy.
Summary of the invention
for the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of synchronous method of following the tracks of of photovoltaic bracket that adopts dc bus, synchronous all supports of following the tracks of are controlled by 1 controller, only need 1 dc bus (+-two conductors) just can realize axial synchronous tracking of some tracking supports, need not other cable and connect timing elimination and the mechanical position limitation that just can realize synchronous tracking error, and the angle that the mounted angle sensor is measured support on synchronous one of them support of following the tracks of realizes that FEEDBACK CONTROL avoids the dust of light sensor to block and overcast and rainy malfunctioning problem.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: adopt a controller to control synchronous all supports of following the tracks of, each support equipped 1 (single shaft) or 2 (twin shaft) direct current generators and supporting reduction gear be for following the tracks of actuating unit, and the reduction gear ratio of the same axial direct current generator parameter of each support and reduction gear is identical; Synchronous follow the tracks of standoff each axial direct current generator be connected on 1 dc bus, therein on 1 support the setting angle sensor as the feedback device of controller, the built-in real-time clock of controller calculates according to astronomical formula the angle that support should trace into, and the direct current generator of controlling each support according to break-make and the polarity of angular transducer FEEDBACK CONTROL dc bus synchronously stops, forward or reverse, realizes synchronously following the tracks of.
Each support single axially is furnished with trail angle excessive and too small 2 limit switches of trail angle and 2 diodes, and these 2 limit switches, 2 diodes in the direct current generator loop, only need 2 piece wires connections to outside by certain mode series and parallel; Synchronous single axial excessive, the too small extreme position of trail angle of each support of following the tracks of is arranged to identical; When at the direct current motor system two ends, applying forward voltage, this axial support anglec of rotation increases, and when the angle of support arrived extreme position greatly, the excessive limit switch of trail angle disconnected, and support stops following the tracks of, and reaches the purpose of mechanical position limitation protection; At this moment, if while at the direct current motor system two ends, applying reverse voltage, this axial support anglec of rotation reduces, and when the angle of support is little during to extreme position, the too small limit switch of trail angle disconnects, and support stops following the tracks of, and reaches the purpose of mechanical position limitation protection; While again applying forward voltage, said process can repeat.
In order to eliminate accumulated error, synchronous excessive, the too small extreme position of each axial trail angle of each support of following the tracks of is arranged to identical; When every morning, support started to follow the tracks of, controller control all supports each axially run to the excessive or too small extreme position in this axial tracking angle.By this method, synchronous each axial initial tracing positional of all supports of following the tracks of is identical, has eliminated accumulated error.
The present invention is owing to taking above technical scheme, and it has the following advantages:
Follow the tracks of the mounting system cost low: all synchronously follow the tracks of support only 1 controller of need and 1 angular transducer (1); (2) each axial dc motor system of each support only needs 2 wires to be connected with this axial DC control bus of controller and just can realize synchronizeing tracking, position limitation protection, functions such as eliminating accumulated error resets; contact between each support and controller seldom, reduced cost and debugging, maintenance difficulties.
Reliability is high: adopt limit switch to realize the mechanical position limitation protection, make the support position that can not exceed the maximum cause permanent damage.
Control accuracy is high: in every morning, all supports are reset to initial tracing positional by controller, eliminated cumulative errors.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is direct current generator, limit switch, diode wiring diagram.
Fig. 2 is based on the uniaxial tracking bracket of dc bus and controls implementation method.
Fig. 3 is based on the tracking support with double shafts of dc bus and controls implementation method.
1. diode A in figure, 2. diode B, 3. direct current generator and reducing gear, 4. the too small limit switch contact of trail angle, 5. the excessive limit switch contact of trail angle, 6. obliquity sensor, 7. D.C. contactor A, 8. D.C. contactor B, 9. direct supply, 10. real-time timepiece chip, 11. controller, 12. single uniaxial tracking bracket electrical system, 13. dc bus one, 14. dc bus two, 15. single tracking support with double shafts electrical system, 16. one of them axial electrical system of single tracking support with double shafts, 17. another axial electrical system of single tracking support with double shafts, 18. D.C. contactor C, 19. D.C. contactor D.
Specific embodiments
Be described in detail of the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
In Fig. 1, diode A(1), diode B(2), direct current generator and reducing gear (3), the too small limit switch contact of trail angle (4), the excessive limit switch contact of trail angle (5) connect into loop by diagramatic way; When initial, the support trail angle is in the regime values scope, and this moment, the too small limit switch contact of trail angle (4) and the excessive limit switch contact of trail angle (5) were all closed, while applying forward voltage, and the direct current generator forward, corresponding trail angle increases; While applying reverse voltage, the direct current generator counter-rotating, corresponding trail angle reduces; When applying forward voltage and make trail angle surpass excessive spacing setting of trail angle, the excessive limit switch contact of trail angle (5) disconnects, due to diode B(2) can not pass through forward current, therefore, the outage of direct current generator loop, support stops at the excessive spacing angle position of trail angle, plays the mechanical position limitation protective effect; At this moment, if apply reverse voltage, electric current can pass through diode B(2) and the too small limit switch contact of trail angle (4) formation path, direct current generator promotes the direction operation that support reduces toward trail angle; If apply reverse voltage always, support stops at the too small spacing angle position of trail angle, plays the mechanical position limitation protective effect.
in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, several synchronous uniaxial tracking bracket electrical systems (12) of following the tracks of are connected in parallel on dc bus one (13) by 2 wires, the direct current generator parameter of synchronous all uniaxial tracking brackets of following the tracks of, the reducing gear reduction gear ratio, the excessive spacing position of trail angle, the too small spacing position of trail angle and other mechanical property are basic identical, mounted angle sensor (6) on uniaxial tracking bracket therein, controller (11) according to onboard clock chip (10) in real time the theory of computation follow the tracks of angle and according to the FEEDBACK CONTROL D.C. contactor A(7 of obliquity sensor (6)) and D.C. contactor B(8) disconnection, closed (can not be closed simultaneously) can be controlled on dc bus one (13) and apply forward, reverse voltage or do not apply voltage, thereby control linkage all uniaxial tracking brackets on dc bus are synchronously realized forward, oppositely or stop following the tracks of.In a single day synchronous any one uniaxial tracking bracket of following the tracks of occurs that trail angle is out-of-limit, this support electric loop outage, and support stops following the tracks of, the safety of protective cradle.Before every day, the sun rose, controller (11) was controlled all uniaxial tracking brackets and is run to the too small or excessive spacing position of trail angle, and realizing new one day, synchronous to follow the tracks of initial position identical, eliminates synchronous accumulated error of following the tracks of the previous day; After eliminating accumulated error, controller (11) is controlled the synchronous support of following the tracks of and is realized the new synchronous tracking of a day.
in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, one of them axial electrical system (16) and another axial electrical system (17) in several synchronous tracking support with double shafts electrical systems (15) of following the tracks of are connected in parallel on dc bus one (13) and dc bus two (14) by 2 wires respectively, synchronous each axial direct current generator parameter of all tracking support with double shafts of following the tracks of, the reducing gear reduction gear ratio, the excessive spacing position of trail angle, the too small spacing position of trail angle and other mechanical property are basic identical, mounted angle sensor (6) on tracking support with double shafts therein, controller (11) according to onboard clock chip (10) in real time the theory of computation follow the tracks of angle and according to the FEEDBACK CONTROL D.C. contactor A(7 of obliquity sensor (6)) and D.C. contactor B(8) disconnection, closed (can not be closed simultaneously) can be controlled on dc bus one (13) and apply forward, reverse voltage or do not apply voltage, thereby axial synchronous tracking of control linkage all tracking support with double shafts on dc bus, control D.C. contactor C(18) and D.C. contactor D(19) disconnection, closure (can not be closed simultaneously) can control on dc bus two (14) and apply forward, reverse voltage or do not apply voltage, thereby another the axially synchronous tracking of control linkage all tracking support with double shafts on dc bus, in a single day synchronous any one tracking support with double shafts of following the tracks of is arbitrary axially occurs that trail angle is out-of-limit, this axial electric loop outage of this support, and this support stops this axial tracking, the safety of protective cradle.Before every day, the sun rose, controller (11) is controlled all tracking support with double shafts and is run to the spacing position of 2 axial tracking angular limits (very big or minimum), realize that new one day synchronous tracking initial position is identical, eliminate synchronous accumulated error of following the tracks of the previous day; After eliminating accumulated error, controller (11) is controlled the synchronous support of following the tracks of and is realized the new synchronous tracking of a day.
Claims (3)
1. synchronous tracking and controlling method of photovoltaic tracking support, realize that with 1 controller several photovoltaic tracking supports synchronously follow the tracks of control, the synchronous single support of following the tracks of is in the direct current generator parameter of same axial employing, the reducing gear reduction gear ratio, the excessive spacing position of trail angle, the too small spacing position of trail angle and mechanical property are basic identical, a support mounted angle sensor is as feedback device therein, the single axial electric drive system of each support is connected on a dc bus, controller is realized this axial synchronous tracking of all supports by polarity of voltage and the break-make of controlling dc bus, each axially corresponding dc bus, each dc bus consists of 2 conductors, it is characterized in that: synchronous the institute excessive limit switch contact of standoff single axial trail angle, the too small limit switch contact of trail angle of following the tracks of is cascaded with the direct current generator three respectively with after a diodes in parallel again, passes through finally 2 wires and is connected with dc bus.
2. the synchronous tracking and controlling method of a kind of photovoltaic tracking support according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: make support run to each axial extreme position by the direct current generator of controller control linkage on each axial DC bus every day, thereby realize that the initial angle of following the tracks of is identical, eliminate the synchronous tracking error of the previous day.
3. the synchronous tracking and controlling method of a kind of photovoltaic tracking support according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: each axially only needs synchronous all supports of following the tracks of this axial dc bus of 2 conductors and controller to be connected just to realize synchronizeing the protections of tracking and mechanical position limitation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011103415968A CN102411376B (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2011-11-02 | Photovoltaic support synchronous tracking method adopting direct current bus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011103415968A CN102411376B (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2011-11-02 | Photovoltaic support synchronous tracking method adopting direct current bus |
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| CN102411376A CN102411376A (en) | 2012-04-11 |
| CN102411376B true CN102411376B (en) | 2013-11-13 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108646792A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-12 | 西安理工大学 | Control device and control method of the photovoltaic generation holder group from motion tracking |
| CN113219881A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-06 | 浙江正泰新能源开发有限公司 | Driving device and method for photovoltaic tracking support |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101030741B (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2011-05-18 | 孙迎光 | Method for automatically synchronized array tracking of solar photovoltaic generator |
| CN101017982A (en) * | 2007-03-12 | 2007-08-15 | 刘建政 | Light voltage and wind power integrated networking device with the reactive power compensation and harmonious administration function |
| US9263895B2 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2016-02-16 | Sunpower Corporation | Distributed energy conversion systems |
| CN101345501A (en) * | 2008-09-02 | 2009-01-14 | 中国农业大学 | Photovoltaic power generation apparatus capable of automatically tracking sun direction |
| CN101841160A (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2010-09-22 | 孔小明 | Grid-connection control method for solar photovoltaic power generation |
| JP5455055B2 (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2014-03-26 | 国立大学法人東京工業大学 | Power converter |
| CN201742329U (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-02-09 | 江苏东升光伏发电设备有限公司 | Linked tracking type solar battery component bracket group |
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Owner name: JIANGSU SUNEAST NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER NAME: JIANGSU SUNEAST PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER EQUIPMENT CO., LTD. |
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Address after: Xinghua City, Jiangsu province 225721 Taizhou City Dainan town in the industrial zone Patentee after: JIANGSU SUNEAST NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Address before: 225700, Tongxin Road, Dai Nan Science Park, Jiangsu, Taizhou Patentee before: Jiangsu Suneast-PV Equipment Co., Ltd. |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20131113 Termination date: 20171102 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |