CN101902051A - Efficient energy conversion device for solar cell panel, array and application method - Google Patents
Efficient energy conversion device for solar cell panel, array and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101902051A CN101902051A CN201010227277XA CN201010227277A CN101902051A CN 101902051 A CN101902051 A CN 101902051A CN 201010227277X A CN201010227277X A CN 201010227277XA CN 201010227277 A CN201010227277 A CN 201010227277A CN 101902051 A CN101902051 A CN 101902051A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of solar cells, in particular to an efficient energy conversion device for a solar cell panel, an array and an application method thereof. The device comprises an input voltage and current sampling circuit, a DC-DC conversion circuit, an output voltage and current sampling circuit, a switching control circuit and a central processing circuit, wherein the central processing circuit controls the input voltage of the DC-DC conversion circuit through the switching control circuit by taking the input voltage and current sampling circuit and the output voltage and current sampling circuit as feedback. The device is an energy balance device which can solve the problem that the power generation quantity of the whole system is greatly reduced and the system cannot work normally due to mismatch of individual photovoltaic units in a solar photovoltaic array, save at most 50 percent of energy lost due to the mismatch under the actual installation condition and promote the power generation quantity of the solar power generation system to the highest level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to area of solar cell, particularly a kind of efficient energy conversion device, array and application process thereof that is used for solar panel.
Background technology
At present, solar panel array is that a plurality of solar panels directly combine by series connection and method in parallel.And this direct combination meeting of solar panel is because covering and lose lot of energy slightly.In addition, the also requirement of this direct compound mode, when solar panel was installed, direction and gradient angle must be consistent, can avoid because of the unbalance off-energy of transmitting electricity.
We know and know that in the environment of reality, shades such as tree shade, building, leaf, accumulated snow, service cable or even bird excreta all can often cause the whole mismatch of photovoltaic array, so that the generating efficiency of photovoltaic array integral body descend.In fact, as long as 10% solar panel array area crested is arranged, just can lose the energy of as many as 50%.
In the experiment, cover in the series-connected solar photovoltaic array, the solar energy photovoltaic array is mismatch seriously, will cause the fan-out capability of photovoltaic array to descend rapidly even that sheet of covering becomes load, and this photovoltaic cell can generate heat even damage in powerful system.
On the other hand, in the solar energy photovoltaic array, if the performance between each cell panel there are differences, the whole generating efficiency of photovoltaic array will be affected so, and whole generating efficiency is only to calculate by the poorest cell panel of performance wherein.And the performance between solar panel to exist difference certain different be normal phenomenon, how we could allow like this, and each piece cell panel can both be operated in optimum state in the photovoltaic array? this problem does not all have well to solve always.
Summary of the invention
First goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide a kind of efficient energy conversion device that is used for solar panel, and to solve in the prior art, individual solar cells lost efficacy, and caused the entire cell array always to export the technical problem of energy decreases.
First goal of the invention of the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
A kind of efficient energy conversion device that is used for solar battery array, described device comprises:
The input voltage and input current sample circuit, DC-DC translation circuit, output voltage current sampling circuit, ON-OFF control circuit and central processing circuit;
The solar panel output is connected with the input of DC-DC translation circuit, the output of DC-DC translation circuit is as the output output current of described device, the input voltage and input current sample circuit is connected with the solar panel output, input voltage and input current is sampled, the output voltage current sampling circuit is connected with DC-DC translation circuit output, the output voltage electric current is sampled, ON-OFF control circuit is connected with the first field effect transistor control end of DC-DC translation circuit, the other end is connected with central processing circuit, central processing circuit with input voltage and input current sample circuit and output voltage current sampling circuit as feedback, by the input voltage of ON-OFF control circuit control DC-DC translation circuit.
As a kind of preferred version, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises the bypass drive circuit in parallel with ON-OFF control circuit, and described bypass drive circuit one end is connected with the first field effect transistor control end of DC-DC translation circuit, and the other end is connected with central processing circuit.
As a kind of preferred version, described ON-OFF control circuit is a pwm control circuit of having used soft switch technique, and pwm control circuit one end is connected with the first field effect transistor control end of DC-DC translation circuit, and the other end is connected with central processing circuit.
As further preferred version, described device also comprises the bypass drive circuit in parallel with ON-OFF control circuit, and described bypass drive circuit one end is connected with the first field effect transistor control end of DC-DC translation circuit, and the other end is connected with central processing circuit.
As a kind of preferred version, described DC-DC translation circuit comprises inductance, electric capacity, first field effect transistor and diode, the solar panel output is connected with the negative pole and inductance one end of diode by after first field effect transistor, the inductance other end is connected with electric capacity, the plus earth of the electric capacity other end and diode.
As further preferred version, described DC-DC translation circuit also comprises second field effect transistor in parallel with diode.
As preferred version further, described DC-DC translation circuit also comprises synchronous commutating control circuit, and described synchronous commutating control circuit is connected with the control end of second field effect transistor.
Second goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide a kind of solar panel array, the energy conversion device that adopts first goal of the invention of the present invention to be provided.
In order to realize second goal of the invention of the present invention, the technical scheme of employing is as follows:
A kind of solar panel array, described solar panel array comprises: the solar battery group that a plurality of solar cell panel unit are composed in series, be connected with inverter after one or more solar battery group parallel connections, described solar cell panel unit comprises solar panel and the energy conversion device that is connected with the output of solar panel, and described energy conversion device is the described energy conversion device of first goal of the invention of the present invention.
The 3rd goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide a kind of energy transformation method that is used for solar panel array, the energy conversion device that adopts first goal of the invention of the present invention to be provided.
In order to realize the 3rd goal of the invention of the present invention, the technical scheme of employing is as follows:
A kind of energy transformation method that is used for solar panel array, described method comprises:
(91) output voltage of detection solar panel, execution in step after reaching predetermined threshold (92);
(92) central processing circuit control bypass drive circuit is opened, and ON-OFF control circuit is closed.
As a kind of preferred version, following steps are carried out in described step (92) back:
(101) output current of inspection solar panel, execution in step after reaching predetermined threshold (102);
(102) central processing circuit control bypass drive circuit cuts out, and ON-OFF control circuit is opened;
(103) central processing circuit reduces a voltage unit by the input voltage of ON-OFF control circuit control DC-DC translation circuit;
(104) the input current voltage sampling circuit is to input current I
nWith input voltage U
nSample, n is a sampling number, and feeds back to central processing circuit, central processing circuit rated output P
n=U
n* I
n, repeated execution of steps (103)～(104) are up to P
n＜=P
N+1, then central processing circuit increases a voltage unit, DC-DC translation circuit output current voltage by the input voltage of ON-OFF control circuit control DC-DC translation circuit;
(105) input current voltage sampling circuit monitoring input current, if input current increases, execution in step (106) then, if input current reduces, execution in step (108) then, otherwise continue the monitoring input current;
(106) central processing circuit increases a voltage unit by the input voltage of ON-OFF control circuit control DC-DC translation circuit;
(107) the input current voltage sampling circuit is to input current I
nWith input voltage U
nSample, n is a sampling number, and feeds back to central processing circuit, central processing circuit rated output P
n=U
n* I
n, repeated execution of steps (106)～(107) are up to P
n＜=P
N+1, then central processing circuit reduces a voltage unit, DC-DC translation circuit output current voltage, execution in step (105) by the input voltage of ON-OFF control circuit control DC-DC translation circuit;
(108) central processing circuit reduces by a voltage unit by the input voltage of ON-OFF control circuit control DC-DC translation circuit;
(109) the input current voltage sampling circuit is to input current I
nWith input voltage U
nSample, n is a sampling number, and feeds back to central processing circuit, central processing circuit rated output P
n=U
n* I
n, repeated execution of steps (108)～(109) are up to P
n＜=P
N+1, then central processing circuit increases a voltage unit, DC-DC translation circuit output current voltage, execution in step (105) by the input voltage of ON-OFF control circuit control DC-DC translation circuit.
The present invention a kind ofly can solve in the solar energy photovoltaic array indivedual photovoltaic cells and reduces the problem of cisco unity malfunction greatly because of mismatch causes the whole system energy output, can under real mounting condition, retrieve the energy that as many as 50% loses because of mismatch, the energy output of solar power system be risen to the energy balance device of highest level.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is used for the structural representation of solar battery array for the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in more detail.
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment is a kind of efficient energy conversion device that is used for solar battery array, and described device comprises:
The input voltage and input current sample circuit, DC-DC translation circuit, output voltage current sampling circuit, soft-switch PWM control circuit, bypass drive circuit, D/A change-over circuit and central processing circuit;
The solar panel output is connected with the input of DC-DC translation circuit, the output of DC-DC translation circuit is as the output output current of described device, the input voltage and input current sample circuit is connected with the solar panel output, input voltage and input current is sampled, the output voltage current sampling circuit is connected with DC-DC translation circuit output, the output voltage electric current is sampled, soft-switch PWM control circuit one end is connected with field effect transistor 1 control end of DC-DC translation circuit, the other end is connected with central processing circuit by the D/A change-over circuit, the bypass drive circuit is in parallel with the soft ON-OFF control circuit of PWM, bypass drive circuit one end is connected with field effect transistor 1 control end of DC-DC translation circuit, and the other end is by being connected with central processing circuit.
Central processing circuit with input voltage and input current sample circuit and output voltage current sampling circuit as feedback, input voltage by soft-switch PWM control circuit control DC-DC translation circuit, also can carry out bypass to the DC-DC translation circuit and handle, directly import the output current voltage of solar panel by the bypass drive circuit.
The DC-DC translation circuit comprises inductance, electric capacity, field effect transistor 1, field effect transistor 2, rectifier diode and synchronous commutating control circuit, the solar panel output is connected with the drain electrode of field effect transistor 1, the source electrode of field effect transistor 1 is connected with the negative pole of diode and inductance one end, the inductance other end is connected with electric capacity, the plus earth of the electric capacity other end and diode, field effect transistor 2 is in parallel with diode, synchronous commutating control circuit is connected with the control end of field effect transistor, the conducting and the disconnection of control field effect transistor 2.
As shown in Figure 2; the efficient energy conversion device of present embodiment is arranged in the solar battery array; solar panel and the energy conversion device that is connected with the output of solar panel are formed solar cell panel unit; the solar battery group that a plurality of solar cell panel unit are composed in series; solar battery group is by the output of reverse protection diode, and the array of forming after single solar battery group or a plurality of solar battery group parallel connection is connected with inverter.
A little less than the auroral poles that receives on the photovoltaic battery panel, when the output voltage of cell panel was very low, energy conversion device was carried out following steps:
ON-OFF control circuit is closed, and the bypass drive circuit cuts out, and the energy of cell panel is not exported, and the electric current of other cell panel (energy) is by the rectifier diode output of DC-DC converter in the array.
Light intensity on cell panel increases to some extent, and the output voltage of cell panel reaches certain value, and whether indeterminate system connect load, directly enters the DC-DC transition state and can cause system's instability, and energy conversion device is carried out following steps:
Central processing circuit control bypass drive circuit is opened, and ON-OFF control circuit is closed.
When by-pass current rises to certain value, proof system has connected load, and device enters DC-DC step-down state, and energy conversion device is carried out following steps:
(1) D/A change-over circuit output ceiling voltage (representing it is 255 with digital quantity) makes that input voltage was the highest when the DC-DC converter started, i.e. the open circuit voltage of cell panel.
(2) central processing circuit control soft-switch PWM control circuit is opened, and the bypass drive circuit cuts out.
(3) DC-DC translation circuit work, input voltage is controlled near the open circuit voltage.）
Because input voltage is controlled near the open circuit voltage, so the output energy of DC-DC translation circuit is near zero.
After the DC-DC converter starts, seek the maximum power point (MPP) of photovoltaic battery panel, energy conversion device is carried out following steps:
(1) D/A change-over circuit output aanalogvoltage reduces a unit (be that digital quantity reduces 1, at this moment digital quantity is represented with n)
(2) input voltage of DC-DC translation circuit reduces a unit under the control of soft-switch PWM control circuit
(3) pass through the input current voltage sampling circuit to translation circuit input voltage U
n, electric current I
nSampling (n is current digital quantity)
(4) central processing circuit calculates P
n=U
n* I
n, and record data;
(5) wait for output voltage and current stabilization
* above (1)--(5) are circulation constantly, up to: P
n＜=P
N+1, just carry out following content:
(6) D/A change-over circuit output aanalogvoltage increases a unit, so that a last power points, i.e. MPP point in the cell panel work.
MPP seeks and finishes, and when the irradiation light intensity changes, energy conversion device will carry out the power points adjustment, and the power points set-up procedure is as follows:
Course of action: (two kinds of situations)
Situation 1,DC-DC translation circuit input current increases to some extent, moves as follows:
(1) unit of D/A change-over circuit output aanalogvoltage rising (be that digital quantity increases by 1, at this moment digital quantity is represented with n)
(2) unit of input voltage rising of DC-DC translation circuit under the control of soft-switch PWM control circuit
(3) pass through the input current voltage sampling circuit to conversion electric current input voltage U
n, electric current I
nSampling (n is current digital quantity)
(4) central processing circuit calculates P
n=U
n* I
n, and record data
* above (1)--(4) are circulation constantly, up to: P
n＜=P
N-1, just carry out following content:
(5) D/A change-over circuit output aanalogvoltage reduces a unit, so that cell panel is operated in a power points, i.e. and MPP point.
Situation 2,DC-DC converter input current reduces to some extent, moves as follows:
(1) D/A change-over circuit output aanalogvoltage reduces a unit (be that digital quantity reduces 1, at this moment digital quantity is represented with n)
(2) input voltage of DC-DC translation circuit reduces a unit under the control of soft-switch PWM control circuit
(3) pass through the input current voltage sampling circuit to converter input voltage U
n, electric current I
nSampling (n is current digital quantity)
(4) central processing circuit calculates P
n=U
n* I
n, and record data
* above (1)--(4) are circulation constantly, up to: P
n＜=P
N+1, just carry out following content:
(5) D/A change-over circuit output aanalogvoltage increases a unit, so that a last power points, i.e. MPP point in the cell panel work.
Claims (10)
1. efficient energy conversion device that is used for solar battery array is characterized in that described device comprises:
The input voltage and input current sample circuit, DC-DC translation circuit, output voltage current sampling circuit, ON-OFF control circuit and central processing circuit;
The solar panel output is connected with the input of DC-DC translation circuit, the output of DC-DC translation circuit is as the output output current of described device, the input voltage and input current sample circuit is connected with the solar panel output, input voltage and input current is sampled, the output voltage current sampling circuit is connected with DC-DC translation circuit output, the output voltage electric current is sampled, ON-OFF control circuit is connected with the first field effect transistor control end of DC-DC translation circuit, the other end is connected with central processing circuit, central processing circuit with input voltage and input current sample circuit and output voltage current sampling circuit as feedback, by the input voltage of ON-OFF control circuit control DC-DC translation circuit.
2. energy conversion device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises the bypass drive circuit in parallel with ON-OFF control circuit, and described bypass drive circuit one end is connected with the first field effect transistor control end of DC-DC translation circuit, and the other end is connected with central processing circuit.
3. energy conversion device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described ON-OFF control circuit is a pwm control circuit of having used soft switch technique, and pwm control circuit one end is connected with the first field effect transistor control end of DC-DC translation circuit, and the other end is connected with central processing circuit.
4. energy conversion device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises the bypass drive circuit in parallel with ON-OFF control circuit, and described bypass drive circuit one end is connected with the first field effect transistor control end of DC-DC translation circuit, and the other end is connected with central processing circuit.
5. energy conversion device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described DC-DC translation circuit comprises inductance, electric capacity, first field effect transistor and diode, the solar panel output is connected with the negative pole and inductance one end of diode by after first field effect transistor, the inductance other end is connected with electric capacity, the plus earth of the electric capacity other end and diode.
6. energy conversion device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described DC-DC translation circuit also comprises second field effect transistor in parallel with diode.
7. energy conversion device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described DC-DC translation circuit also comprises synchronous commutating control circuit, and described synchronous commutating control circuit is connected with the control end of second field effect transistor.
8. solar panel array, described solar panel array comprises: the solar battery group that a plurality of solar cell panel unit are composed in series, be connected with inverter after one or more solar battery group parallel connections, it is characterized in that:
Described solar cell panel unit comprises solar panel and the energy conversion device that is connected with the output of solar panel, and described energy conversion device is connected to the described arbitrary energy conversion device of claim 1～7.
9. energy transformation method that is used for solar panel array, described method adopt the described arbitrary energy conversion device of claim 1～7 to realize that described method comprises:
(91) output voltage of detection solar panel, execution in step after reaching predetermined threshold (92);
(92) central processing circuit control bypass drive circuit is opened, and ON-OFF control circuit is closed.
10. efficient energy conversion method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, following steps are carried out in described step (92) back:
(101) output current of inspection solar panel, execution in step after reaching predetermined threshold (102);
(102) central processing circuit control bypass drive circuit cuts out, and ON-OFF control circuit is opened;
(103) central processing circuit reduces a voltage unit by the input voltage of ON-OFF control circuit control DC-DC translation circuit;
(104) the input current voltage sampling circuit is to input current I
nWith input voltage U
nSample, n is a sampling number, and feeds back to central processing circuit, central processing circuit rated output P
n=U
n* I
n, repeated execution of steps (103)～(104) are up to P
n＜=P
N+1, then central processing circuit increases a voltage unit, DC-DC translation circuit output current voltage by the input voltage of ON-OFF control circuit control DC-DC translation circuit;
(105) input current voltage sampling circuit monitoring input current, if input current increases, execution in step (106) then, if input current reduces, execution in step (108) then, otherwise continue the monitoring input current;
(106) central processing circuit increases a voltage unit by the input voltage of ON-OFF control circuit control DC-DC translation circuit;
(107) the input current voltage sampling circuit is to input current I
nWith input voltage U
nSample, n is a sampling number, and feeds back to central processing circuit, central processing circuit rated output P
n=U
n* I
n, repeated execution of steps (106)～(107) are up to P
n＜=P
N+1, then central processing circuit reduces a voltage unit, DC-DC translation circuit output current voltage, execution in step (105) by the input voltage of ON-OFF control circuit control DC-DC translation circuit;
(108) central processing circuit reduces by a voltage unit by the input voltage of ON-OFF control circuit control DC-DC translation circuit;
(109) the input current voltage sampling circuit is to input current I
nWith input voltage U
nSample, n is a sampling number, and feeds back to central processing circuit, central processing circuit rated output P
n=U
n* I
n, repeated execution of steps (108)～(109) are up to P
n＜=P
N+1, then central processing circuit increases a voltage unit, DC-DC translation circuit output current voltage, execution in step (105) by the input voltage of ON-OFF control circuit control DC-DC translation circuit.
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