WO2021190339A1

WO2021190339A1 - Charging circuit, method and system, and battery and electronic device

Info

Publication number: WO2021190339A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/080809
Authority: WO
Inventors: 常鸣; 范茂斌; 顾正东
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2020-03-26
Filing date: 2021-03-15
Publication date: 2021-09-30
Also published as: CN113452097A

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application is a charging circuit, applied to an electronic device. The charging circuit comprises a first conversion circuit, a transformer, and a second conversion circuit that are cascaded in sequence, and a control circuit used for being connected to a charger outside the electronic device and a battery cell of the electronic device, wherein the control circuit is used for adjusting, on the basis of a voltage of the battery cell, the voltage of a direct current provided by the charger to be N times of the voltage of the battery cell, wherein N is greater than or equal to 2; a current provided by the charger is input to the first conversion circuit and is output to the battery cell via the transformer and the second conversion circuit; by means of the settings of the transformer, a higher voltage transformation ratio cab be implemented, and therefore, a channel current between the first conversion circuit and the transformer can be reduced to reduce channel impedance between the first conversion circuit and the transformer, so that the charging power loss can be reduced, and a temperature rise is reduced. Further disclosed in the present application are a charging system and method, and a battery and an electronic device.

Description

Charging circuit, method, system, battery and electronic equipment

This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office on March 26, 2020, the application number is 202010224453.8, and the application name is "a charging circuit, method, system, battery, and electronic equipment". The entire content of the application is approved The reference is incorporated in this application.

Technical field

This application relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to a charging circuit, method, system, battery, and electronic device.

Background technique

In current electronic devices such as mobile phones and tablets, battery charging is becoming more and more important. Due to the continuous increase of battery capacity and the increasing demand of users for less charging time, the demand for fast charging of electronic devices is gradually increasing. , So fast and efficient is the main trend of charging solutions.

At present, in the fast charging schemes used in the aforementioned electronic devices, in the constant current charging stage of the battery, using a switched capacitor circuit to increase the charging current is a main solution, but due to the limitations of the switched capacitor circuit, it cannot support higher voltages. Therefore, it is impossible to achieve a larger current increase, and further, there are problems of a larger temperature rise and efficiency loss.

Summary of the invention

The present application provides a charging circuit, method, system, battery, and electronic device, which can achieve a higher voltage transformation ratio, so as to achieve a greater current increase, reduce efficiency loss, and reduce temperature rise.

In order to solve the above technical problems, in the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a charging circuit applied to an electronic device. The charging circuit is used to connect to a charger external to the electronic device and a battery cell of the electronic device, respectively, and the charging circuit includes The first conversion circuit, the transformer, and the second conversion circuit are cascaded in sequence. The current provided by the charger is input to the first conversion circuit and is provided to the cell via the transformer and the second conversion circuit. The charging circuit also includes a control circuit and a control circuit. It is used to connect with the charger and the battery respectively; and the control circuit is used to adjust the voltage of the direct current provided by the charger to N times the voltage of the battery based on the voltage of the battery, where N is greater than or equal to 2; The conversion circuit is used to convert the direct current transmitted by the charger into alternating current and output to the transformer; the transformer is used to step down the voltage of the alternating current transmitted from the first conversion circuit to 1/N of the voltage of the alternating current transmitted from the first conversion circuit , And output to the second conversion circuit; the second conversion circuit is used to convert the alternating current transmitted by the transformer into direct current, and output to the battery core. Through the setting of the transformer, a higher voltage transformation ratio can be achieved, and a greater current boost can be achieved. Furthermore, the channel current between the first conversion circuit and the transformer can be reduced to reduce the first conversion circuit and The channel impedance between the transformers can reduce the loss of charging power and reduce the temperature rise.

In a possible implementation of the foregoing first aspect, N may be a voltage transformation ratio of the transformer, and may be a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

In a possible implementation of the above-mentioned first aspect, the control circuit is configured to generate instruction information based on the voltage of the battery cell and send it to the charger, so that the charger adjusts the voltage of the DC power provided by the charger to the voltage of the battery cell according to the instruction information. N times.

In a possible implementation of the foregoing first aspect, the first conversion circuit includes a DC-to-AC circuit, and the second conversion circuit includes an AC-to-DC circuit.

In a possible implementation of the above-mentioned first aspect, the DC-to-AC circuit is a full-bridge rectifier circuit for converting DC power into AC power.

In a possible implementation of the above-mentioned first aspect, the first conversion circuit further includes an inductor connected to the DC-to-AC circuit and the transformer, respectively, and the second conversion circuit further includes a capacitor connected to the AC-to-DC circuit and the transformer, respectively. And the capacitor form an LC resonant circuit. The LC resonant circuit can quickly increase the current in the initial stage of circuit conduction, thereby further improving the conversion efficiency of the transformer.

In a possible implementation of the above-mentioned first aspect, the control circuit is used to detect the positive and negative voltages of the battery core to obtain the voltage of the battery core.

In a possible implementation of the above-mentioned first aspect, the control circuit is also used to connect to the first conversion circuit and the second conversion circuit respectively; the control circuit is also used to control the first conversion circuit to convert direct current to alternating current, and to control the second The second conversion circuit converts alternating current into direct current.

In a possible implementation of the above-mentioned first aspect, the control circuit is used to send a first control signal to the first conversion circuit and a second control signal to the second conversion circuit; the first conversion circuit is used to send a second control signal according to the first control signal The direct current is converted into alternating current; the second conversion circuit is used for converting the alternating current into direct current according to the second control signal.

In a possible implementation of the above-mentioned first aspect, when the cell is charged with constant current, the control circuit is used to adjust the voltage of the DC power provided by the charger to N times the voltage of the cell based on the voltage of the cell .

In a possible implementation of the foregoing first aspect, the charging circuit is used to connect to the charger through a universal serial bus (Universal Serial Bus, USB).

In the second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device. The electronic device includes a battery cell and the aforementioned charging circuit.

In a possible implementation of the above second aspect, the electronic device further includes a battery protection board, and the transformer and the second conversion circuit are provided on the battery protection board. Deploying the transformer on the battery protection board reduces the distance between the transformer and the battery core. Since the voltage transformer and the battery core are large current channels, the impedance of the channel between the voltage transformer and the battery core can be reduced, thereby Can reduce power loss and lower temperature rise.

In a possible implementation of the above second aspect, the electronic device further includes a device main board, and the control circuit and the first conversion circuit are provided on the device main board.

The electronic device provided in this application includes the charging circuit provided by the first aspect and/or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect, and therefore can also achieve the beneficial effects of the charging circuit provided in the first aspect (or advantage).

In the third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a charging system, the charging system includes: a charger and an electronic device connected to each other, the electronic device is the aforementioned electronic device; wherein, the electronic device is used for The voltage of the core generates indication information and sends the indication information to the charger; the charger is used to adjust the voltage of the DC power provided by the charger to N times the voltage of the battery according to the indication information, where N is greater than or equal to 2; the electronic device also Used to convert the direct current transmitted by the charger into alternating current, and step down the voltage of the alternating current to 1/N of the voltage of the direct current transmitted from the charger, and convert the stepped-down alternating current into direct current, and output to the battery cell .

In a possible implementation of the foregoing third aspect, the connection between the charger and the electronic device may specifically be connected to each other through a connection line for charging, or may be connected through a wireless manner for charging.

The charging system provided by the present application includes the electronic equipment provided by the second aspect and/or any one of the possible implementations of the second aspect, and therefore can also achieve the beneficial effects of the charging circuit provided by the second aspect (or advantage).

In a fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a charging method, which is applied to a charger and an electronic device connected to each other. The electronic device is the aforementioned electronic device; the charging method includes: Generate instruction information and send the instruction information to the charger; the charger adjusts the voltage of the DC power output by the charger to N times the voltage of the battery cell according to the instruction information, where N is greater than or equal to 2; the electronic device transmits the charger to The DC power is converted into AC power, and the voltage of the AC power transmitted by the charger is reduced to 1/N of the voltage of the DC power transmitted by the charger, and the reduced AC power is converted into DC power and output to the battery cell.

The charging method provided in this application is applied to the charging system provided by the above-mentioned third aspect and/or any one of the possible implementations of the third aspect, and therefore can also achieve the beneficial effects of the charging system provided by the third aspect ( Or advantages).

In a fifth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a battery, including a battery cell, the battery cell includes a first pole and a second pole; a battery protection board, the battery protection board includes a transformer and a conversion circuit connected to each other, and the conversion circuits are respectively Connected to the first pole and the second pole; among them, the transformer is used to step down the voltage of the received alternating current to 1/N of the received alternating current voltage, and output to the conversion circuit; the conversion circuit is used to transfer the voltage from the transformer The alternating current is converted into direct current and output to the battery cell.

In a possible implementation of the above-mentioned fifth aspect, the battery further includes an encapsulation shell, and the battery cell and the battery protection plate are arranged in the encapsulation shell.

The battery provided in the present application can achieve a higher voltage transformation ratio and a greater current boost through the installation of a transformer. Further, because the distance between the battery protection board and the battery core is small, the transformer is installed at The battery protection board is to place the transformer close to the battery core, so that the distance between the transformer and the battery core is reduced. Because the current between the transformer and the battery core is larger, the distance between the transformer and the battery core is reduced, that is, effectively By reducing the large current path, the impedance of the channel between the transformer and the cell can be effectively reduced, so that the loss of charging power can be well reduced, and the temperature rise can be reduced.

Description of the drawings

In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a charging system according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of a charging circuit in a charging system according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a structural block diagram of a charging circuit in another charging system according to some embodiments of the present application;

4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a charging circuit in another charging system according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 5A is a current waveform diagram of alternating current input to a transformer by a first conversion circuit according to some embodiments of the present application; FIG.

FIG. 5B is a voltage waveform diagram of alternating current input to a transformer by a first conversion circuit according to some embodiments of the present application; FIG.

5C is a current waveform diagram of the DC power input to the first conversion circuit by the charger and the current waveform diagram of the DC power input to the cell by the second conversion circuit according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 5D is a voltage waveform diagram of the DC power input to the first conversion circuit by the charger, and the voltage waveform diagram of the DC power input to the cell by the second conversion circuit according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of another battery according to some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a charging method according to some embodiments of the present application.

Reference signs:

100: mobile phone; 200: charger; 300: connection line; 310: first connection line; 320: second connection line; 110: charging circuit; 111: first conversion circuit; 112: transformer; 113: second conversion circuit 114: control circuit; 120: battery cell; 121: first pole; 122: second pole; 130: device main board; 140: battery protection board; 141: first output terminal; 142 second output terminal; 150: battery ; M1: the first MOS tube; M2: the second MOS tube; M3: the third MOS tube; M4: the fourth MOS tube; M5: the fifth MOS tube; M6: the sixth MOS tube; L: the inductor; C1: the first One capacitor; C2: second capacitor; N: junction field effect transistor.

Detailed ways

The following specific specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present application, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of this application will be introduced in conjunction with the embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this application are limited to this embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the application in combination with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of this application. In order to provide an in-depth understanding of the application, the following description will contain many specific details. This application can also be implemented without using these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of this application, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that the embodiments in the application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other if there is no conflict.

It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters indicate similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once a certain item is defined in one drawing, it is not necessary to refer to it in subsequent drawings. To further define and explain.

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation manners of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that in the current fast charging scheme used in the charging circuit, in the constant current charging stage of the battery, using a switched capacitor circuit to increase the charging current is a main solution. For example, in an implementation of the fast charging scheme, the charging system includes a charger and a charging circuit, wherein the charger and the charging circuit are connected via USB, the charging circuit includes the device main board and the battery protection board, and the device main board and the battery protection board are connected through the battery connector It is connected to the flexible board. In addition, a charging IC is provided on the main board of the device. The charging IC includes a switched capacitor circuit and a control circuit. Protection against overcharging and overdischarging.

However, the switched capacitor circuit has limitations. The step-down of the switched capacitor circuit is usually achieved by a first-level switched capacitor, which can only achieve a 2:1 step-down ratio, which cannot support a higher step-down ratio. Further, in order to achieve a larger step-down ratio, switch capacitors need to be cascaded. However, cascading switched capacitors will bring efficiency losses. For example, the efficiency of one-stage switched capacitors is 97%. After the two stages are connected in series, the efficiency becomes 97%*97%=94%. If a higher voltage transformation ratio is needed, it will It further brings about efficiency loss, so that it is impossible to achieve a higher current increase.

In addition, the power loss on the charging circuit is related to the charging circuit structure. Power loss P=I ² ×R, where I is the charging current in the charging circuit, R is the channel impedance in the charging circuit, and R is generally affected by the product structure. The R of the product is a definite value. When R is determined, the greater the charging current I, the greater the power loss P, and the greater the efficiency loss and temperature rise will be. The main board of the device to the battery protection board is generally connected by a battery connector and a flexible board. Therefore, the current from the device main board to the battery protection board is relatively large, which will cause a large power loss from the device main board to the battery protection board. Problems such as greater efficiency loss and temperature rise.

In order to solve the aforementioned problems, this application provides a charging system that includes an electronic device and a charger for charging the electronic device. The electronic device includes, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablet computers, TVs, laptops, and super Electronic devices such as ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPC), handheld computers, netbooks, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wearable devices, and virtual reality devices.

Referring to FIG. 1, in an implementation manner of the present application, the charging system includes a mobile phone 100 and a charger 200. The mobile phone 100 and the charger 200 are connected by a USB connection through a cable 300, and the charger realizes the conversion of alternating current to direct current. , And output the converted DC power to the mobile phone 100 through the connection line 300 to charge the mobile phone 100.

It should be noted that the connection line 300 has a current transmission function to realize current transmission between the charger 200 and the mobile phone 100, and has a communication function to realize information transmission between the charger 200 and the mobile phone 100.

Of course, the mobile phone 100 and the charger 200 can also be directly charged and communicated in a wireless manner.

Referring to FIG. 2, the mobile phone 100 includes a charging circuit 110 and a battery cell 120, and the charging circuit 110 is used to charge the battery cell 120 with a constant current. In addition, the charging circuit 110 includes a first conversion circuit 111, a transformer 112, and a second conversion circuit 113 that are sequentially cascaded. The current provided by the charger 200 is input to the first conversion circuit 111 and passes through the transformer 112 and the second conversion circuit 113. Output to the battery core 120; the charging circuit 110 further includes a control circuit 114, which is respectively connected to the charger 200 and the battery core 120.

The control circuit 114 is used to adjust the voltage provided by the charger 200 to N times the voltage output by the battery core 120 based on the voltage output by the battery core 120, that is, the control circuit 114 can detect the positive and negative poles of the battery core 120 in real time or regularly. The output voltage of the battery cell 120 is obtained by the intermediate voltage, and then the output voltage of the charger 200 is dynamically adjusted according to the detected voltage between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 120. For example, if it is detected that the voltage between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 120 is V ₁ , the control circuit 114 _{adjusts the voltage V 2} output by the charger 200 to V ₂ =N×V ₁ . It should be noted that N is determined according to the voltage transformation ratio of the transformer, that is, N can be the voltage transformation ratio of the transformer, and N is greater than or equal to 2. For example, if V ₁ is 4.5V and N is 6, then V ₂ is 27V. In addition, the current output by the charger in this application may be 5A.

In addition, the control circuit 114 is used to adjust the voltage provided by the charger 200 to N times the voltage output by the battery cell 120 based on the voltage output by the battery cell 120. The control circuit 114 may generate instruction information based on the voltage output by the battery cell 120. For the charger, the charger dynamically adjusts the voltage provided by the charger 200 according to the instruction information.

The indication information may include the positive and negative voltages of the cell 120 and the voltage transformation ratio N of the transformer 112, so that the charger 200 adjusts its output voltage to the voltage according to the positive and negative voltages of the cell 120 and the voltage transformation ratio N. The voltage of the positive and negative poles of the core 120 is N times. In addition, the indication information may also be a voltage value determined by the mobile phone 100 to be output by the charger 200, so that the charger 200 adjusts its output voltage according to the voltage value, which can be selected as required.

In addition, the charger 200 realizes the conversion of alternating current to direct current, and therefore, the current output by the charger 200 is direct current.

In the present application, the control circuit 114 controls the output voltage of the charger 200 according to the output voltage of the cell 120, and adjusts the output voltage of the charger 200 to N times the voltage output by the cell 120, which can effectively reduce the The current between the first conversion circuit 111 effectively reduces the impedance of the channel between the charger 200 and the first conversion circuit 111 to reduce power loss and temperature rise.

The transformer 112 may be an AC transformer, and the first conversion circuit 111 is used to convert the DC power transmitted by the charger 200 into AC power and output it to the transformer 112.

The transformer 112 is used to step down the voltage of the alternating current transmitted from the first conversion circuit 111 to 1/N of the voltage of the alternating current transmitted from the first conversion circuit 111 and output to the second conversion circuit 113. For example, if the voltage of the direct current transmitted by the first conversion circuit 111 is V ₃ , and the voltage output by the transformer 112 is V ₄ , then V ₄ =V ₃ /N. For example, if V ₃ =27V, then V ₄ =4.5V.

It should be noted that the transformer 112 is used to convert the high-voltage small current to the low-voltage large current. Therefore, the transformer 112 steps down the voltage of the AC power transmitted by the first conversion circuit 111 to the voltage of the AC power transmitted by the first conversion circuit 111. At the same time as 1/N, the current of the alternating current transmitted by the first conversion circuit 111 is adjusted to N times the current of the alternating current transmitted by the first conversion circuit 111, thereby effectively increasing the current input to the cell 120 and increasing Improved charging efficiency. For example, the current of the alternating current output by the transformer 112 may be 6 times the aforementioned 5A, that is, 30A.

The second conversion circuit 113 is used to convert the AC power transmitted from the transformer 112 into DC power and output it to the battery core 120 for charging the battery core 120.

Further, the control circuit 114 is respectively connected to the first conversion circuit 111 and the second conversion circuit 113, and the control circuit 114 is also used to control the current adjustment of the first conversion circuit 111 and the second conversion circuit 113, thereby controlling the first conversion circuit 111 The direct current is converted into alternating current, and the second conversion circuit 113 is controlled to convert the alternating current into direct current.

The transformer 112 in the present application may be an AC transformer based on a magnetic material, and its voltage reduction efficiency is not limited by the voltage reduction ratio, and a large voltage reduction ratio can be achieved with high efficiency.

The charging circuit provided by the present application uses a transformer 112 for step-down. Compared with the method of step-down by a capacitor switch circuit, it can support a higher voltage transformation ratio (step-down ratio) when performing constant current charging. Overcoming the problem that a single switched capacitor circuit cannot achieve a large voltage transformation ratio, and compared with the problem of greater power loss in a switched capacitor circuit, the setting of the transformer 112 can achieve a higher voltage transformation ratio, and a larger voltage transformation ratio can be achieved. The current increase can further reduce the channel current between the first conversion circuit 111 and the transformer 112 to reduce the channel impedance between the first conversion circuit 111 and the transformer 112, thereby reducing the loss of charging power. As well as reducing the temperature rise, in addition, a larger current can be achieved when charging the battery core 120, which improves the charging rate, that is, improves the charging function of the battery core 120 during the constant current charging stage.

Further, as mentioned above, the switched capacitor circuit solution requires cascading or combination of switched capacitors to achieve different power transformation ratios, and the complexity of the switched capacitor circuit implementation is relatively high. The charging circuit provided by the present application only needs to adjust the turns ratio of the transformer 112 to meet the requirements of different charging scenarios for different voltage transformation ratios. The circuit implementation is simple and convenient, and the circuit volume can be effectively reduced. The mobile phone 100 has a demand for miniaturization of the charging circuit structure.

Referring to FIG. 3, in this application, the mobile phone 100 further includes a device main board 130 and a battery protection board 140, wherein the aforementioned control circuit 114 and the first conversion circuit 111 are provided on the device main board 130. The transformer 112 and the second conversion circuit 113 are disposed on the battery protection board 140.

The distance between the battery protection board 140 and the battery core 120 is generally smaller than the distance between the device main board 130 and the battery core 120, and the distance between the battery protection board 140 and the battery core 120 is usually 1 mm to 5 mm, for example, may be 1 mm , 1.5mm, 2mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 5mm, etc.

Therefore, the transformer 112 is arranged on the battery protection board 140, that is, the transformer 112 is placed close to the battery core 120, so that the distance between the transformer 112 and the battery core 120 is reduced. Since the current between the transformer 112 and the battery core 120 is relatively large, The distance between the transformer 112 and the battery core 120 is reduced, that is, the large current path is effectively reduced, and the channel impedance between the transformer 112 and the battery core 120 can be effectively reduced, thereby effectively reducing the temperature rise generated on the channel. And power loss.

In addition, the charger 200 is connected to the mobile phone 100 through the connection line 300, and the charger 200 may be connected to the device main board 130 through the connection line 300.

Further, in the present application, the connection between the control circuit 114 and the charger 200 may be that the control circuit 114 is connected to the first conversion circuit 111, and the connection to the charger 200 is realized through the first conversion circuit 111, or the control circuit 114 may be directly connected to the charger 200. It is connected with the charger 200 through an electrical connection line. In addition, the connection between the control circuit 114 and the battery cell 120 can be that the control circuit 114 is connected to the second conversion circuit 113, and the connection to the battery core 120 is realized through the second conversion circuit 113, or the control circuit 114 is directly connected to the battery core 120 through electricity. Cable connection. It can be set according to needs.

In this application, the first conversion circuit 111 includes a DC-to-AC circuit, and the DC-to-AC circuit may be a full-bridge rectifier circuit for converting DC power into AC power. The second conversion circuit 113 includes an AC to DC circuit. Further, the first conversion circuit 111 further includes an inductor for forming an LC resonant circuit, and the second conversion circuit further includes a capacitor for forming an LC resonant circuit, wherein the inductor is connected to the DC-to-AC circuit and the transformer respectively. The capacitor is connected to the AC-to-DC circuit and the transformer 112 respectively.

As shown in FIG. 4, in one implementation of the present application, the DC-to-AC circuit is a full-bridge rectifier circuit, and the full-bridge rectifier circuit includes a first MOS tube M1, a second MOS tube M2, a third MOS tube M3, and The fourth MOS transistor M4, the connection line 300 includes a first connection line 310 and a second connection line 320, wherein the source of the first MOS transistor M1 is connected to the drain of the second MOS transistor M2, and the drain of the first MOS transistor M1 Connected to the first connection line 310, the source of the second MOS transistor M2 is connected to the second connection line 320, the source of the third MOS transistor M3 is connected to the drain of the fourth MOS transistor M4, and the drain of the third MOS transistor M3 The electrode is connected to the first connection line 310, the source of the fourth MOS transistor M4 is connected to the second connection line 320, and the first MOS transistor M1, the second MOS transistor M2, the third MOS transistor M3, and the fourth MOS transistor M4 The gates of are respectively connected to the control circuit 114.

The current provided by the charger 200 is output to the drains of the first MOS transistor M1 and the third MOS transistor M3 through the first connection line 310, and output to the source of the second MOS transistor M2 and the fourth MOS transistor M4 through the second connection line 320 The first control signal output by the control circuit 114 for controlling the switch of each MOS tube is output through the gates of the first MOS tube M1, the second MOS tube M2, the third MOS tube M3, and the fourth MOS tube M4, respectively. To the first MOS tube M1, the second MOS tube M2, the third MOS tube M3, and the fourth MOS tube M4 to realize the The switch of the tube M4 is controlled, thereby converting the direct current provided by the charger 200 into alternating current.

The first conversion circuit 111 also includes an inductor L. The first end of the inductor L is respectively connected to the source of the first MOS transistor M1 and the drain of the second MOS transistor M2, and the second end of the inductor L is connected to the primary end of the transformer 112. , The other end of the primary of the transformer 112 is connected to the source of the third MOS transistor M3 and the drain of the fourth MOS transistor M4. Thus, the AC power output by the first conversion circuit 111 is output to the transformer 112 through the inductor L and the source of the third MOS transistor M3 and the drain of the fourth MOS transistor M4.

As shown in FIG. 4, the second conversion circuit 113 includes an AC-to-DC circuit and a first capacitor C1. The AC-to-DC circuit includes a fifth MOS tube M5, a sixth MOS tube M6, a junction field effect tube N, and a second capacitor. C2, where the source of the fifth MOS transistor M5 is connected to the source of the sixth MOS transistor M6, the drain of the fifth MOS transistor M5 is connected to the first secondary end of the transformer 112, and the gate of the fifth MOS transistor M5 The pole and the gate of the sixth MOS transistor M6 are respectively connected to the control circuit 114, one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first end of the secondary of the transformer, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the drain of the junction field effect transistor N. The electrodes are connected, and the source of the junction field effect transistor N is connected to the second end of the transformer 112, and the gate of the junction field effect transistor N is connected to the control circuit 114. The drain of the sixth MOS transistor M6 is connected to the second secondary end of the transformer 112. One end of the second capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the secondary third end of the transformer 112 and the positive electrode of the cell 120, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the source of the sixth MOS transistor M6 and the negative electrode of the cell 120, respectively .

The alternating current output from the transformer 112 is respectively output to one end of the first capacitor C1, the gate of the fifth MOS transistor M5, and the second capacitor C2 through the secondary first end, the second second end, and the third third end of the transformer 112. One end and the source of the junction field effect transistor N. In addition, the control circuit 114 sends second control signals for controlling the switches of the fifth MOS transistor M5, the sixth MOS transistor M6, and the junction field effect transistor N to the fifth MOS transistor M5 and the sixth MOS transistor M6, respectively. And the gate of the junction field effect transistor N to realize the control of the switches of the fifth MOS transistor M5, the sixth MOS transistor M6 and the junction field effect transistor N, so that the fifth MOS transistor M5 and the sixth MOS transistor N M6 and the junction field effect transistor N cooperate with the switching cycles of the first MOS transistor M1, the second MOS transistor M2, the third MOS transistor M3, and the fourth MOS transistor M4 to convert the alternating current transmitted from the transformer 112 into direct current.

It should be noted that in this application, the first MOS transistor M1, the second MOS transistor M2, the third MOS transistor M3, the fourth MOS transistor M4, the fifth MOS transistor M5, and the sixth MOS transistor M6 are all NMOS transistors (N -Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor, NMOS), the junction field effect transistor N is an N-type junction field effect transistor.

As shown in the charging circuit shown in FIG. 4, the aforementioned DC-to-AC circuit is controlled by the control circuit 114 to convert the DC power transmitted from the charger 200 into AC power with a higher frequency. In addition, the AC-to-DC circuit is in the control circuit 114. Under the control of, the AC power transmitted from the transformer 112 is converted into DC power to supply power to the battery cell 120.

The inductor L deployed in the first conversion circuit 111 and the first capacitor C1 deployed in the second conversion circuit can form an LC resonant circuit. The current passing through the inductor L and the first capacitor C1 forms an LC resonant current. The current can be quickly increased, thereby further improving the conversion efficiency of the transformer 112.

Further, through the aforementioned DC-to-AC circuit and the LC resonance circuit, the current of the higher-frequency alternating current input from the first conversion circuit 111 to the transformer 112 can be close to a square wave, thereby effectively reducing the switching loss.

The current waveform of the alternating current input to the transformer 112 by the first conversion circuit 111 may be a waveform close to a square wave as shown in FIG. The voltage waveform of can be the waveform shown in FIG. 5B (where the abscissa of the coordinate axis is time t, and the ordinate is the voltage value V).

Further, in the present application, the current waveform of the DC power input from the charger 200 to the first conversion circuit 111 is as shown in the waveform I1 in FIG. 5C, wherein the current value may be the aforementioned 5A, and the voltage waveform of the DC power is as shown in FIG. 5D V1, where the voltage value can be the aforementioned 27V.

The current waveform of the direct current input to the battery cell 120 by the second conversion circuit 113 is shown as the waveform I2 in FIG. 5C, where the current value can be the aforementioned 30A, and the voltage waveform of the direct current power is V2 as shown in Fig. 5D, where the voltage value can be For the aforementioned 4.5V.

It can be seen that the direct current input from the charger 200 to the first conversion circuit 111 is a high voltage and low current, and the direct current input from the second conversion circuit 113 to the cell 120 is a low voltage and high current.

In this application, the output of the aforementioned DC-to-AC circuit may be connected to the battery protection board 140 through a soft board, a connector, or the like.

Further, the charging circuit provided by the present application has a small charging circuit structure, which meets the requirement of smaller and smaller electronic devices such as mobile phones 100 for miniaturization of the charging circuit structure.

It should be noted that the charging circuit provided in the present application can be used in the constant current charging stage, and only works in the constant current charging stage, which can effectively increase the charging power in the constant current charging stage.

In addition, in this application, the mobile phone 100 may further include a constant voltage charging circuit (not shown in the figure) and/or a trickle charging circuit (not shown in the figure), both of which can be selected according to requirements. This application does not Make specific restrictions.

Further, in the present application, the mobile phone 100 may also include a load (not shown in the figure), and the load is connected to the charging circuit 110 and the battery core 120 respectively.

It should be noted that the mobile phone 100 in this application may also include more other components, which is not limited in this application.

In addition, in this application, the structure and model of the charger 200 can be selected according to needs, which is not limited in this application.

Further, referring to FIG. 6, the present application also provides a battery 150. The battery 150 may include the aforementioned battery protection plate 140 and the battery cell 120.

Wherein, the battery cell 120 includes a first pole 121 and a second pole 122. The first pole 121 and the second pole 122 are made of metal materials and respectively serve as the positive and negative poles of the cell 120, such as the first pole 121. It is a positive pole tab, and the second pole 122 is a negative pole tab.

The battery protection board 140 includes a transformer 112 and a conversion circuit connected to each other. The conversion circuit may be the aforementioned second conversion circuit 113, and the second conversion circuit 113 is connected to the first pole 121 and the second pole 122, respectively.

Exemplarily, the second conversion circuit 113 includes a first output terminal 141 and a second output terminal 142. The first output terminal 141 and the second output terminal 142 may be metal wires, wherein the first output terminal 141 and the first pole 121 Connected, the second output terminal 142 is connected to the second pole 122.

The transformer 112 is used to step down the voltage of the received AC power to 1/N of the received AC voltage and output to the second conversion circuit 113; the second conversion circuit 113 is used to convert the AC power transmitted by the transformer 112 into DC power , And output to the cell 120 through the first pole 121 and the second pole 122 to charge the cell 120.

It should be noted that the battery protection board 140 may also include other circuit structures such as a protection circuit, which will not be repeated here.

Further, referring to FIG. 7, the battery 150 further includes an encapsulation shell 151, and the battery protection board 140 and the battery cell 120 are encapsulated in the encapsulation shell 151 through the encapsulation shell 15.

It should be noted that the first pole 121 and the second pole 122 respectively extend out of the packaging shell 151 for connection with external components, for example, can be connected with the device main board 130 in the aforementioned mobile phone 100 to realize the charging of the battery core 120. In addition, it can also be connected to a load to realize the electric core 120 supplying power to the load.

The battery protection board 140 may also be fixed by the battery core 120. For example, the battery protection board 140 may be located on one side of the battery core 120, and then the battery protection board 140 may be fixed to the inner wall of the encapsulation shell 151, which can be set as required.

In the battery provided by the present application, the setting of the transformer 112 can achieve a higher voltage transformation ratio and a greater current boost. In addition, arranging the transformer 112 on the battery protection board 140 can effectively reduce the distance between the transformer 112 and the cell 120. Since the current between the transformer 112 and the cell 120 is relatively large, the transformer 112 and the cell 120 The distance between them is reduced, that is, the large current path is effectively reduced, and the impedance of the channel between the transformer 112 and the cell 120 can be effectively reduced, thereby effectively reducing the temperature rise and power loss generated on the channel. It avoids that in the prior art, the switched capacitor circuit is arranged on the device main board. Due to the large current from the device main board to the battery protection board, the power loss from the device main board to the battery protection board is relatively large. The problem of large efficiency loss and temperature rise.

Further, the battery can be applied to the aforementioned mobile phone 100. The mobile phone 100 includes a device main board 130, and the device main board 130 can include the aforementioned first conversion circuit 111 and control circuit 114. The connection relationship and current transmission among the first conversion circuit 111, the control circuit 114, the transformer 112, the second conversion circuit 113, the battery core 120, and the charger 200, and the current transmission are not repeated here.

In addition, the battery 150 can also be applied to other electronic devices.

Referring to FIG. 8, the present application also provides a charging method, which includes:

S10: The electronic device generates instruction information according to the voltage of the battery cell in the electronic device, and sends the instruction information to the charger;

S20: The charger adjusts the voltage of the DC power output by the charger to N times the voltage of the battery cell according to the instruction information, where N is greater than or equal to 2;

S30. The electronic device converts the direct current transmitted by the charger into alternating current, and steps down the voltage of the alternating current transmitted by the charger to 1/N of the voltage of the direct current transmitted by the charger, and converts the stepped-down alternating current into Direct current, and output to the battery cell.

Wherein, the electronic device generates indication information according to the voltage of the battery cell in the electronic device. The indication information may include the positive and negative voltages of the battery and the voltage transformation ratio N of the transformer, so that the charger is based on the positive and negative voltages of the battery and the The voltage ratio N adjusts its output voltage to N times the voltage of the positive and negative poles of the cell. In addition, the indication information may also be a voltage value determined by the electronic device to be output by the charger, so that the charger adjusts its output voltage according to the voltage value.

Further, the electronic device converts the direct current transmitted by the charger into alternating current, and steps down the voltage of the alternating current transmitted from the charger to 1/N of the voltage of the direct current transmitted from the charger, and converts the stepped-down alternating current It is direct current and is output to the battery cell.

In the present application, the charging method can be used to conveniently charge the electronic device by the charger, and since the electronic device includes the aforementioned charging circuit, high-efficiency charging can be achieved, which will not be repeated here. Further, the electronic device may be the aforementioned mobile phone 100.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

It should be noted that in the drawings, some structural or method features may be shown in a specific arrangement and/or order. However, it should be understood that such a specific arrangement and/or ordering may not be required. Rather, in some embodiments, these features may be arranged in a different manner and/or order than shown in the illustrative drawings. In addition, the inclusion of structural or method features in a particular figure does not imply that such features are required in all embodiments, and in some embodiments, these features may not be included or may be combined with other features.

Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the above-mentioned modules or steps of this application can be implemented by a general computing device, and they can be concentrated on a single computing device or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices. Optionally, they can be implemented with program codes executable by the computing device, so that they can be stored in a storage medium (ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and executed by the computing device, and in some cases The steps shown or described can be performed in a different order from here, or they can be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps of them can be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. Therefore, this application is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

Although the application has been illustrated and described by referring to certain preferred embodiments of the application, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the above content is a further detailed description of the application in combination with specific implementations, and cannot be determined The specific implementation of this application is only limited to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art can make various changes in form and details, including some simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the application.

Claims

A charging circuit is applied to an electronic device. The charging circuit is used to connect a charger external to the electronic device and a battery cell of the electronic device, respectively. A conversion circuit, a transformer, and a second conversion circuit, the current provided by the charger is input to the first conversion circuit, and is provided to the cell via the transformer and the second conversion circuit;

The charging circuit further includes a control circuit, the control circuit is used to connect with the charger and the battery respectively; and,

The control circuit is configured to adjust the voltage of the direct current provided by the charger to N times the voltage of the battery based on the voltage of the battery, where N is greater than or equal to 2;

The first conversion circuit is used to convert the direct current transmitted by the charger into alternating current, and output to the transformer;

The transformer is used to step down the voltage of the alternating current transmitted from the first conversion circuit to 1/N of the voltage of the alternating current transmitted from the first conversion circuit, and output to the second conversion circuit;

The second conversion circuit is used to convert the alternating current transmitted from the transformer into direct current, and output to the battery core.
The charging circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first conversion circuit includes a DC-to-AC circuit, and the second conversion circuit includes an AC-to-DC circuit.
The charging circuit according to claim 2, wherein the DC-to-AC circuit is a full-bridge rectifier circuit for converting DC power into AC power.
The charging circuit according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the first conversion circuit further includes an inductor connected to the DC-to-AC circuit and the transformer, respectively, and the second conversion circuit further includes The capacitor connected to the AC-to-DC circuit and the transformer, and the inductor and the capacitor form an LC resonant circuit.
The charging circuit according to claim 1, wherein the control circuit is used to detect the positive and negative voltages of the battery core to obtain the voltage of the battery core.
The charging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control circuit is further configured to be connected to the first conversion circuit and the second conversion circuit respectively;

The control circuit is also used to control the first conversion circuit to convert direct current to alternating current, and to control the second conversion circuit to convert alternating current to direct current.
The charging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein when the battery is charged with a constant current, the control circuit is used to charge the charger based on the voltage of the battery The voltage of the provided direct current is adjusted to N times the voltage of the battery cell.
The charging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the charging circuit is used to connect with the charger through a universal serial bus.
An electronic device, characterized in that it comprises a battery cell and the charging circuit according to any one of claims 1-8.
9. The electronic device according to claim 9, wherein the electronic device further comprises a battery protection board, and the transformer and the second conversion circuit are provided on the battery protection board.
The electronic device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the electronic device further comprises a device main board, and the control circuit and the first conversion circuit are provided on the device main board.
A charging system, characterized by comprising: a charger and an electronic device connected to each other, the electronic device being the electronic device according to any one of claims 9-11; wherein,

The electronic device is configured to generate instruction information according to the voltage of the battery cell in the electronic device, and send the instruction information to the charger;

The charger is configured to adjust the voltage of the direct current provided by the charger to N times the voltage of the battery cell according to the instruction information, where N is greater than or equal to 2;

The electronic device is also used for converting the direct current transmitted by the charger into alternating current, and stepping down the voltage of the alternating current to 1/N of the voltage of the direct current transmitted by the charger, and reducing the voltage after stepping down. The alternating current is converted into direct current and output to the battery core.
A charging method, characterized in that it is applied to a charger and an electronic device connected to each other, the electronic device being the electronic device according to any one of claims 9-11; the charging method comprises:

The electronic device generates instruction information according to the voltage of the battery cell in the electronic device, and sends the instruction information to the charger;

The charger adjusts the voltage of the direct current output by the charger to N times the voltage of the battery cell according to the instruction information, where N is greater than or equal to 2;

The electronic device converts the direct current transmitted by the charger into alternating current, and lowers the voltage of the alternating current transmitted from the charger to 1/N of the voltage of the direct current transmitted from the charger, and reduces The compressed alternating current is converted into direct current and output to the battery core.
A battery, characterized in that it comprises:

An electric core, the electric core includes a first pole and a second pole;

A battery protection board, the battery protection board includes a transformer and a conversion circuit connected to each other, and the conversion circuit is respectively connected to the first pole and the second pole; wherein,

The transformer is used to step down the voltage of the received alternating current to 1/N of the received alternating current voltage, and output to the conversion circuit;

The conversion circuit is used to convert the alternating current transmitted from the transformer into direct current, and output to the battery core.
The battery according to claim 14, wherein the battery further comprises an encapsulation shell, and the battery cell and the battery protection board are arranged in the encapsulation shell.