WO2019215142A1

WO2019215142A1 - Apparatus and method for supplying power to one or more consumers

Info

Publication number: WO2019215142A1
Application number: PCT/EP2019/061671
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christoph Woll; Taleb Janbein
Original assignee: Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date: 2018-05-09
Filing date: 2019-05-07
Publication date: 2019-11-14
Also published as: DE102018207232A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for supplying power to a consumer. The apparatus is equipped with a power supply device (EV), which has a transformer device (T), which can be electrically connected on the primary side to an alternating voltage mains (N), and which has a converter device (GB), the input of which is electrically connected on the secondary side to the transformer device (T), wherein the power supply device (EV) has a buffer battery device (PB; PB1-PB4), which is electrically connected to the output of the converter device (GB). The converter device (GB) has a rectifier function, and therefore the buffer battery device (PB; PB1-PB4) can be charged with rectified voltage of the alternating voltage mains (N). The buffer battery device (PB; PB1-PB4) is electrically connected to a direct voltage mains (N'), which is electrically connected to a plurality of charging connections (A1-A4) for charging the battery of an electric motor vehicle (E), which is electrically connected to a respective charging connection (A1-A4).

Description

Device and method for supplying power to one or more

consumer

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for

Energy supply of one or more consumers.

State of the art

In order for electric vehicles to develop from the pure city vehicle to the vehicle for all routes and thus to develop from the second vehicle to the first vehicle, a reliable and modern charging infrastructure is required. The more electric vehicles are on the market, the more power is needed to power the cars

To charge batteries of all these electric vehicles. A profitable operation of

Charging posts can only be made in urban areas over the next few years. In rural areas, grid expansion will not be as fast as charging stations will be.

Only with high investments and intelligent technology can the power grids be strengthened in such a way that the required power is available to charge the electric charging vehicles at the public charging stations. If many

Electric vehicles can be charged at the same time or charge their batteries at the quick charging stations, resulting in high levels at these local locations

Peak loads. In addition, the network utilization is distributed throughout the day

differently. In this regard, the public power grid is far from optimally designed today. This is why energy utilities are increasingly focusing on electricity generation, electricity consumption and energy storage, and are aiming for decoupling over time so that, for example, solar power can also be used at night. Today's fast charging stations typically serve

AC / DC converters, such as from the

WO 2012/038222 A2 known.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining an example

Device for charging a battery of an electric motor vehicle.

In Fig. 6, reference character K denotes a power plant, which is a

AC mains N, typically a 20 kV grid, supplied with energy. The device or charging station has a transformer T, which has a primary winding P1 on the input side and a secondary winding S1 on the output side. The primary winding P1 is connected to the medium voltage AC power grid N, whereas the secondary winding S1 is connected to a low voltage AC power grid NW.

At the charging station, a plurality of AC / DC converter devices AD1, AD2, AD3, AD4 are provided (wherein the plurality of AC / DC voltage devices are not limited to four (AD1, AD2, ... ADn with n> 4)) which convert the AC voltage of the low-voltage AC voltage network NW to the required supply voltage of the consumer (eg battery charging voltage of one or more electric motor vehicles).

The AC / DC converter devices AD1, AD2, AD3, AD4 are connected to respective charging ports A1, A2, A3, A4 (the number of

Charging terminals is not limited to four (A1, A2, ... An with n> 4)), which in the range of parking spaces S1, S2, S3, S4 (where the number of

Parking spaces is not limited to four (S1, S2, ... Sn with n> 4)), for

Electric vehicles E are located. By means of a (not shown) cable connection takes place at the parking spaces S1, S2, S3, S4 charging the batteries of

Electric motor vehicles E by means of the converted DC voltage.

Disclosure of the invention The present invention provides an apparatus and a method for

Energy supply of one or more consumers according to claims 1 and 15, respectively. Advantages of the invention

The device for supplying power to a consumer and the method according to the present invention make it possible to reduce or eliminate restrictions with regard to the desired power supply and network stability and to build up the power supply as inexpensively as possible. Here, the idea underlying the present invention is to represent a structure of a stationary power supply station for DC power supply (or supply of a DC network or DC charging) of consumers, with a converter device is provided centrally in a power supply device. As a power supply, for example, the conductive or inductive charging or

Supplying an energy storage device (e.g., a battery / traction battery)

Understand charging stations. The consumer or energy storage is to be regarded for example as part of an electric vehicle and / or a household. The charging stations are via a backup battery device for the purpose of network stabilization directly or by means of DC-DC converter to the DC power grid

connected. With the structure presented, sufficient power is available at all times, regardless of the daily network load. The idea according to the invention is suitable both for conductive charging and for inductive charging, with additional circuit measures being necessary for inductive charging.

Charging (or supplying the DC network) by means of the invention

Device can be independent of the time of day, since there is no effect on the load on the public grid, so for example loading at

Parking, at night, when shopping, working, etc. The required electronics in the power station can be designed much smaller and thus more cost-effective. Simultaneous charging of the backup battery device and the battery of the electric motor vehicles is possible depending on the network utilization. Preferred developments are the subject of the respective subclaims.

According to a preferred embodiment, the charging terminals are connected directly to the DC voltage network, wherein the charging terminals

DC charging connections are.

According to another preferred embodiment is between the

Charging terminals and the DC power supply a respective DC converter device (DC / DC converter) for converting the DC voltage of the backup battery device into a DC voltage of the battery

Switched electric vehicle, the charging terminals are DC voltage charging ports. This allows a buffered charging by means of regulated direct current.

According to another preferred embodiment is between the

Charging terminals and the DC power a respective

DC / AC converter means (DC / AC converter) for converting the DC voltage of the backup battery means into one

Charging AC voltage for the battery of the electric motor vehicle switched, the charging ports are AC charging ports. This allows a buffered charging by means of alternating current. Alternatively, between the charging ports and the DC voltage network is a respective

DC / AC converter means (DC / AC converter) for converting the DC voltage of the DC network into an AC voltage for the supply of the primary coil during inductive charging or switched for the conductive charging of the battery of the electric motor vehicle.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the charging terminals and / or the DC-DC converter means are in the

Energy supply device integrated. This increases the compactness. For example, the DC-DC converter devices in the

Energy supply device integrated and built the charging ports to the parking lots. According to a further preferred embodiment, the converter device has a switchable rectifier / inverter function, so that

reversed voltage of the backup battery device in the

AC power supply is fed. This allows an improvement in the network stability at peak loads

According to a further preferred embodiment, the backup battery device is a solid electrolyte battery. Such a solid electrolyte battery is particularly well suited for a continuous load. According to a further preferred embodiment, at least one further DC voltage converter device is connected between the DC voltage network and the converter device. Thus, an adaptation of the DC voltage can be made when the DC voltage of the DC power supply of the

Output voltage of the converter device deviates.

According to a further preferred embodiment, at least one further DC voltage converter device is connected in series with the backup battery device between the DC voltage network and the converter device. This makes it possible to adapt the DC voltage when the DC voltage of the

Buffer battery device deviates from the output voltage of the converter device.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the

Backup battery device on a plurality of parallel-connected backup batteries. This allows the battery capacity to be divided centrally or decentrally. Brief description of the drawings

In the drawings: FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining an apparatus for charging a battery of an electric motor vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining an apparatus for charging a battery of an electric motor vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an apparatus for charging a battery of an electric motor vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4a) -c)

schematic fragmentary diagrams for explaining a device for charging a battery of an electric motor vehicle according to a fourth to sixth embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram for explaining an apparatus for charging a battery of an electric motor vehicle according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining an exemplary apparatus for charging a battery of an electric motor vehicle. In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

Description of the embodiments FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining an apparatus for charging a battery of an electric motor vehicle according to a first embodiment

Embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 1, reference numeral K denotes a power plant, which via a

Medium voltage AC network N, typically a 20 kV network, is connected to a power supply device EV. The energy supply device EV has a transformer T, which primary side to the

AC mains N is electrically connected. In this case, the primary winding P1 is connected to the AC voltage network N and the secondary winding S1 is connected to a converter device GB on the secondary side. The power supply device EV further comprises a backup battery device PB, which is electrically connected to the output of the converter device GB. A typical voltage of the backup battery device PB, which is a single battery in this embodiment, is 400 V.

The converter device GB has a rectifier function, so that the

Buffer battery device PB with rectified voltage of

AC voltage N is rechargeable. Optionally, further DC sources (not shown), e.g. a solar power system to be connected to the backup battery device PB.

Although not absolutely necessary, in the present first embodiment, the converter device GB is bidirectional and has one over one

Control device C switchable rectifier / inverter function, so that also reversed voltage of the backup battery device PB in the

AC power supply N can be supplied as required in peak load times, which offers the utilities another way to stabilize the grid. The backup battery device PB is connected to a DC voltage network N 'which is connected to a plurality of charging ports A1, A2, A3, A4 for charging the battery of an electric motor vehicle E electrically connected to a respective charging port A1, A2, A3, A4 from

Charging terminals is not limited to four (A1, A2, ... An with n> 4)). These Charging ports A1, A2, A3, A4 are typically housed in charging stations (not shown).

The charging electric vehicles E are expediently on

corresponding parking spaces S1, S2, S3, S4 (where the number of parking spaces is not limited to four (S1, S2, ... Sn with n> 4)) in front of the charging ports A1, A2, A3, A4 parked during the charging process. The connection to the electric motor vehicles E via (not shown) charging cable.

Between the charging terminals A1, A2, A3, A4 and the DC power network N ', there is a respective DC converter means W1, W2, W3, W4 (wherein the number of DC-DC converter means is not limited to four (W1, W2, ... Wn with n> 4)) for converting the DC voltage of the DC voltage network into a charging voltage of the battery of the electric motor vehicle. Accordingly, the charging terminals A1, A2, A3, A4 are DC charging terminals.

The backup battery device PB is primarily a medium-temperature battery. This new generation of lithium batteries consists of solid state electrolytes. They have higher energy densities than conventional lithium batteries. Their chemical components are highly active and are operated at temperatures above 70 ° C, for example. However, other conventional backup battery devices are of course usable.

The DC-DC converter devices W1, W2, W3 and W4 are galvanically decoupled. Also conceivable are DC converter devices W1, W2, W3, W4 without galvanic isolation with additional safety measures in the vehicle and / or in the power supply device, in particular with respect to

Insulation monitoring and shutdown in an emergency.

The electrical connection to the decentralized DC voltage converter devices W1, W2, W3 and W4 takes place in this first embodiment, star-shaped (starting from a central node) or bus-shaped (parallel) or T-shaped. If the decentralized DC voltage converter devices W1, W2, W3 and W4 are bidirectional, power can be controlled by the batteries of the batteries

Electric motor vehicles E are fed into the DC power grid N 'to assist the charging of batteries of other electric vehicles when the

Backup battery device PB is limited available. If so, too

Converter device GB is configured bidirectional, a feeding of the batteries of the electric motor vehicles E can be done in the AC mains.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining an apparatus for charging a battery of an electric motor vehicle according to a second embodiment

Embodiment of the present invention.

In the second embodiment, the power supply device with

Reference symbol EV 'denotes. In contrast to the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, the DC-DC converter devices W1, W2,

W3, W4 and the charging ports A1, A2, A3, A4 integrated into the power supply device EV '.

The power supply device EV 'of the second embodiment also allows the individual charging ports A1, A2, A3, A4 with different

To supply charging currents. For example, only the charging connection closest to the backup battery device PB can always be used as a fast charging station

be designed while the other charging ports for a charge with medium / small power are designed. For this purpose, cables with a larger cross-section are then installed in the vicinity of the buffer battery device PB than in

Remote area of the backup battery device PB.

The electrical connection to the central DC voltage converter devices W1, W2, W3 and W4 takes place in a star shape in this second embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an apparatus for charging a battery of an electric motor vehicle according to a third embodiment

Embodiment of the present invention. In the third embodiment, the charging terminals A1 ', A2', A3 ', A4' are inductive charging terminals connected to respective inductive (not shown)

Charging connections in the electric vehicles EV Interaction.

In order to enable the inductive charging, between the DC voltage network N 'and the inductive charging terminals A1', A2 ', A3', A4 'a respective

DC / AC converter means W1 ', W2', W3 ', W4' connected to convert the DC voltage of the backup battery device PB into a suitable AC charging voltage for the battery of the electric motor vehicle.

Otherwise, the structure of the third embodiment is the same as the structure of the first embodiment described above.

FIGS. 4 a) - c) are schematic sectional views for explaining an apparatus for charging a battery of an electric motor vehicle according to a fourth to sixth embodiment of the present invention.

The sectional illustrations are applicable to the first to third embodiments and the seventh embodiment described later.

In the fourth embodiment according to FIG. 4 a), a further DC voltage converter device WD is connected between the DC voltage network N 'and the

Converter device GB in front of the backup battery device PB connected. Thus, for example, an output voltage of 800 V of the converter device GB to a voltage of 400 V of the backup battery device PB and the

Convert DC voltage network N '.

In the fifth embodiment according to FIG. 4b), a further DC voltage converter device WD 'is connected between the DC voltage network N' and the

Converter device GB connected behind the backup battery device PB. Thus, for example, an output voltage of 800 V of the converter device GB and of 800 V of the backup battery device PB to a voltage of 400 V of

Convert DC voltage network N '. In the sixth embodiment according to FIG. 4bc), a further DC voltage converter device WD "is connected in series with the backup battery device PB between the DC voltage network N 'and the converter device GB. For example, an output voltage of 800 V of the converter device GB and of 800 V of the DC voltage network N 'to a voltage of 400 V of

Convert backup battery device PB.

5 is a schematic diagram for explaining an apparatus for charging a battery of an electric motor vehicle according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

In the seventh embodiment, the backup battery device has a plurality of parallel-connected backup batteries PB1-PB4, which decentralized to the

Charging terminals A1, A2, A3 'and A4 are provided. The charging terminals A1, A2, A4 are DC charging terminals, whereas the charging terminal A3 'is an AC charging terminal as described above, respectively. In addition, no DC voltage converter means is provided at the charging terminal A3 'in this seventh embodiment, so that there is applied an AC charging voltage. Although the present invention has been fully described above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto.

but modifiable in a variety of ways.

In particular, the various embodiments are in terms of

electrical interconnection of Gleichspannungsnetztes with the charging stations and the converter means arbitrarily combined.

In particular, the invention is not limited to solid state electrolyte batteries but is applicable to any batteries or accumulators, e.g. Supercap, DC link capacitors, Li-ion batteries etc. Hybridization with different energy storage devices is also possible.

The DC-DC converter devices are optional, i. the

Charging connections can also be connected directly to the DC mains be. On the other hand, the DC-DC converter devices in

Vehicle integrated.

A DC-to-AC converter may be connected to the DC power supply to enable an AC charging network powered by the DC mains.

The connection to the 20kV network is optional. It is also possible, for example, a connection to a 400V network.

Any charging connections of the mentioned different charging variants can be connected mixed to the DC voltage network.

Non-illustrated contactors and disconnectors can be completely and / or partially integrated into the power supply device or in the charging station and the number of charging ports can be selected arbitrarily.

According to a further embodiment (not shown here) is the

AC / DC converter is connected directly to the backup battery device. The backup battery device is directly to the

DC mains connected.

According to a further preferred embodiment (not shown here) is between the AC / DC converter and the

Backup battery device connected a DC-DC converter.

According to a further preferred embodiment (not shown here) is between the backup battery device and the DC network a

Switched DC voltage converter, wherein the

AC / DC converter directly with the

Buffer battery device is connected.

According to a further preferred embodiment (not shown here) at least one further DC-DC converter in series with

Backup battery device between the DC network and the

AC / DC converter switched. That's how one can be Adapt the DC voltage when the DC voltage of the

Buffer battery device from the output voltage of

AC / DC converter deviates. According to a further preferred embodiment (not shown here), at least one further DC-DC converter can be connected between the DC voltage network and the AC / DC converter. Thus, an adaptation of the DC voltage can be made when the DC voltage of the

DC voltage from the output voltage of the AC / DC converter deviates.

In particular, the various embodiments are in terms of

electrical interconnection of the converter devices, the memory device and the DC network can be combined with each other.

Claims

claims

1. A device for supplying energy to a consumer, comprising: a power supply device (EV, EV ') which has a transformer device (T) which is electrically connectable to an AC voltage network (N) on the primary side, and which has a converter device (GB) whose input is on the secondary side electrically connected to the transformer means (T); wherein the power supply means (EV; EV ') comprises backup battery means (PB; PB1-PB4) electrically connected to the output of the converter means (GB); wherein the converter means (GB) has a rectifier function, such that the backup battery means (PB; PB1-PB4) is supplied with rectified voltage of the

AC mains (N) is rechargeable; and wherein the backup battery device (PB; PB1-PB4) is electrically connected to a DC power network (N ') having a plurality of charging ports (A1-A4; AT-A4') for charging the load (preferably a battery) one with a respective charging port (A1-A4, AT-A4 ') electrically connected

Electric motor vehicle (E) is electrically connected.

2. A device for powering a consumer according to claim 1, wherein between the charging terminals (A1-A4) and the DC voltage network (N '), a respective DC converter means (W1-W4) for converting the

DC voltage of the backup battery device (PB, PB1-PB4) is connected to a DC voltage of the battery of the electric motor vehicle and the charging ports (A1-A4) are DC charging ports.

3. A device for powering a load according to claim 1, wherein between the charging terminals (A1'-A4 ') and the DC voltage network, a respective DC / AC converter means (W1'-W4') for converting the DC voltage of the backup battery device (PB; PB1- PB4) in one

Charging AC voltage for the battery of the electric motor vehicle is connected and the charging ports (A1'-A4 ') are AC charging ports.

4. A device for powering a load according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the charging terminals (A1-A4, A1'-A4 ') and / or the DC voltage converter means (W1-W4) are integrated in the power supply device (EV').

5. A device for powering a load according to claim 3, wherein the DC / AC converter means (W1'-W4 ') in the

Power supply device (EV ') are integrated.

6. Device for supplying energy to a consumer according to one of

preceding claims, wherein the converter means (GB) comprises a switchable rectifier / inverter function, so that mutually directed voltage of the backup battery device (PB, PB1-PB4) in the AC network (N) can be fed.

7. Device for supplying energy to a consumer according to one of

preceding claims, wherein the backup battery device (PB; PB1-PB4) is a solid state electrolyte battery.

8. Device for supplying energy to a consumer according to one of

preceding claims, wherein at least one further DC voltage converter means (WD; WD ') between the DC voltage network (N') and the converter means (GB) is connected.

9. Device for supplying energy to a consumer according to one of

preceding claims, wherein at least one further DC voltage converter device (WD ") is connected in series with the backup battery device (PB; PB1-PB4) between the DC voltage network (N ') and the converter device (GB) is connected.

10. A device for powering a load according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the backup battery device (PB, PB1-PB4) comprises a plurality of parallel-connected backup batteries (PB1-PB4).

11. A method of powering a load, comprising the steps of: rectifying an AC voltage of an AC power network (N) by means of a converter means (GB) having a rectifier function;

Charging a backup battery device (PB, PB1-PB4) with rectified voltage of the AC power network (N);

Feeding the DC voltage of the backup battery device (PB, PB1-PB4) into a DC power network (N ') having a plurality of charging ports (A1-A4; A1'-A4) for charging the battery of one having a respective charging port (A1-A4) electrically connected electric motor vehicle is electrically connected.

12. A method for powering a load according to claim 11, wherein the DC voltage of the backup battery device (PB, PB1-PB4) by means of a

DC converter means (W1-W4) is converted into a DC voltage of the battery of the electric motor vehicle, which is connected between the charging terminals (A1-4A) and the DC voltage network (N '), and wherein the charging terminals

(A1-A4) DC charging ports are.

13. A method for powering a load according to claim 1, wherein the DC voltage of the backup battery device (PB, PB1-PB4) by means of a

DC / AC converter means (W1'-W4 ') in one

Charge AC voltage for the battery of the electric motor vehicle is converted, which is connected between the charging terminals (A1'-A4 ') and the DC voltage network (N'), wherein the charging terminals (A1'-A4 ') are AC voltage charging terminals.

14. A method for powering a consumer according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the converter means (GB) is a switchable

Having rectifier / inverter function and reversed voltage of the backup battery device (PB, PB1-PB4) in the AC network (N) is fed.

15. A method for powering a load according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the backup battery device (PB, PB1-PB4) a

Solid state electrolyte battery is.