WO2012010053A1 - 基于模块化多电平逆变器（mmc）的无变压器静止同步补偿器（statc0m）拓扑结构 - Google Patents

基于模块化多电平逆变器（mmc）的无变压器静止同步补偿器（statc0m）拓扑结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012010053A1
WO2012010053A1 PCT/CN2011/076850 CN2011076850W WO2012010053A1 WO 2012010053 A1 WO2012010053 A1 WO 2012010053A1 CN 2011076850 W CN2011076850 W CN 2011076850W WO 2012010053 A1 WO2012010053 A1 WO 2012010053A1
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Prior art keywords
statcom
mmc
topological structure
modular multilevel
standard power
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PCT/CN2011/076850
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张坤
杨洋
赵淑玉
张跃平
胡涛
李太峰
魏西平
王振
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荣信电力电子股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2012010053A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012010053A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
    • H02J3/1835—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
    • H02J3/1864—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein the stepless control of reactive power is obtained by at least one reactive element connected in series with a semiconductor switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/10—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]

Definitions

  • STATCOM Transformerless Static Synchronous Compensator
  • ⁇ C Modular Multilevel Inverter
  • the invention relates to a transformerless STATCOM topology based on MMC (Modular Multilevel Converter) modular multilevel inverter. Background technique
  • Reactive power compensation is one of the effective measures to ensure efficient and reliable operation of the power system.
  • the nationwide distribution network transformation is in full swing.
  • the most practical way to solve the current power grid loss, large voltage drop and large voltage drop in the grid, especially the low-voltage city network and the rural power grid, is to use high-performance reactive power compensation device.
  • Compensate the inductive reactive power of the load reduce the transmission of reactive power on the line, reduce the active power loss and voltage drop on the transmission and distribution equipment, and improve the transmission and distribution capacity of the system.
  • the Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) has a very broad application prospect and huge market potential.
  • the reactive power compensation devices in the prior art are all DC voltages and are converted into three-phase alternating currents and sent to the power grid through the transformers.
  • the transformers are designed in such a way that the equipment investment is large, the land occupation is high, the cost is high, and the production cycle is long. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a transformerless STATCOM topology based on MMC, which does not require a conventional STATCOM grid-side transformer, thereby achieving cost reduction, space saving, and simple structure.
  • a MMC-based transformerless STATCOM topology characterized by three-phase, each phase consisting of a plurality of modular multilevel converte modular multi-level inverters of standard power units connected in series, after being connected in series with standard power units One end is connected together, and the other end is connected to the inductor; the inductor is connected to the charging resistor, and the charging resistor is connected in parallel with one switch, and then connected to the grid through another switch.
  • the standard power unit is a half bridge structure, two IGBTs are connected in series, and then a DC capacitor is connected in parallel.
  • the standard power unit is powered by a charging resistor and a capacitor to provide a DC side voltage of a standard power unit.
  • each power unit has only two IGBTs, which greatly reduces the unit volume and cost.
  • Figure 1 is a topology diagram of a transformerless STATCOM based on MMC
  • Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a standard power unit
  • Figure 3-1 is a current flow diagram of the power unit output state being 0 state
  • Figure 3-2 is a current flow diagram of the power unit output state being 0 state
  • Figure 4-1 is a current flow diagram of the power unit output state being 1 state
  • Figure 4-2 is a current flow diagram in which the power unit output state is 1. detailed description
  • a MMC-based transformerless STATCOM topology consisting of three phases with a star connection.
  • Each phase consists of a series of standard power units of n modular multilevel converte modular multilevel inverters.
  • the standard power units connected in series are connected at one end and the other end is connected to the inductor L.
  • the inductor L is connected to the charging resistor R.
  • the standard power unit is powered by a charging resistor R and capacitor C (see Figure 2) to provide a standard power unit DC side voltage.
  • the standard power unit of the inverter consists of two switching device IGBTs and a DC-side capacitor C.
  • the switching devices IGBT1 and IGBT2 are connected in series, and then the DC capacitor C is used, and the switching devices IGBT1 and IGBT2 are connected in parallel.
  • Switching device The common terminal of IGBT1 and IGBT2, the common terminal of capacitor C and IGBT2 is used as the output end of each unit, and is connected to other units.
  • This topology realizes the compensation of reactive power of the grid and improves the quality of the grid by controlling the on and off of the standard power unit switching device. Controlling the gate voltage of the IGBT to turn it on or off allows the cell to have different circuit states.
  • Definition IGBT1 is turned off, IGBT2 is turned on as the 0 state of the cell. At this time, the current can flow in the forward direction of IGBT2 (Fig. 3-1), or it can flow backward through the parallel diode D2 (Fig. 3-2).
  • Definition IGBT1 is turned on, IGBT2 is turned off as the unit's 1 state, current can flow through diode D1 (Fig. 4-1), at this time the capacitor is charged; it can also flow through IGBT1 (Fig. 4-2), at which point the capacitor discharges.
  • This topology utilizes MMC power units in series, eliminating the need for transformers to be directly incorporated into the grid, eliminating the need for transformers and associated fans, high voltage cables, auxiliary circuits and load transformers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Description

基于模块化多电平逆变器 （丽 C) 的无变压器静止同步补偿器 （STATCOM) 拓扑结构 技术领域
本发明涉及一种基于 MMC (Modular Multilevel Converter)模块化多电平逆变器 的无变压器 STATCOM拓扑结构。 背景技术
在电力系统中， 无功功率是影响电压稳定的一个重要因素， 它关系到整个电力 系统能否安全稳定的运行， 无功补偿是保证电力系统高效可靠运行的有效措施之一。
全国范围内的配电网改造正在全面开展， 解决目前电网尤其是低压城网和农网 有功功率损耗大、 压降大的最切实可行的办法就是采用高性能的无功功率补偿装置， 就地补偿负载的感性无功功率，减少无功功率在线路上的传输， 降低输配电设备上的 有功功率损耗和电压降落， 提高系统的输配电能力。 静止同步补偿器 (STATCOM)具 有非常广阔的应用前景和巨大的市场潜力。现有技术中的无功补偿装置都是直流电压 逆变成三相交流电经过变压器后送入电网， 具有变压器的设计方式， 使设备投资大、 占地多， 成本高， 生产周期长。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种基于 MMC的无变压器 STATCOM拓扑结构， 该结构不 需要传统 STATCOM并网侧的变压器， 从而达到降低成本， 节省空间， 结构简单的目 的。
为实现上述目的， 本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种基于 MMC的无变压器 STATCOM拓扑结构， 其特征在于， 由三相组成， 每 相由多个 modular multilevel converte模块化多电平逆变器的标准功率单元串联组成， 经串联后的标准功率单元一端接在一起， 另一端与电感相连接； 电感连接充电电阻， 充电电阻并联一个开关后， 再通过另一个开关接入电网。
所述的标准功率单元为半桥结构， 两个 IGBT串联， 再并联一个直流电容。
所述的标准功率单元通过充电电阻及电容供电， 提供标准功率单元直流侧电压。 与现有技术相比， 本发明的新颖性和创造性体现在：
1， 无变压器配置， 使得设备成本降低 1/2。
2， 无变压器配置， 使得设备体积减少 1/2。
3， 无变压器配置， 使得设备重量减少 1/2。
4， 无变压器配置， 使得设备制造周期减少 1/2。
5， 无变压器配置， 省掉了承载变压器的结构与空间。
6， 无变压器配置， 省掉了连接变压器的高压电缆。 7， 每个功率单元只有两个 IGBT， 大大减少了单元体积与成本。
附图说明
图 1是基于 MMC的无变压器 STATCOM拓扑结构图；
图 2是标准功率单元结构图；
图 3-1是功率单元输出状态为 0状态的电流流向图；
图 3-2是功率单元输出状态为 0状态的电流流向图；
图 4-1是功率单元输出状态为 1状态的电流流向图；
图 4-2是功率单元输出状态为 1状态的电流流向图。 具体实施方式
见图 1， 一种基于 MMC的无变压器 STATCOM拓扑结构， 由三相组成， 采用星 型连接方式。每相由 n个 modular multilevel converte模块化多电平逆变器的标准功率 单元串联组成， 经串联后的标准功率单元一端接在一起， 另一端与电感 L相连接； 电 感 L连接充电电阻 R，充电电阻 R并联开关 K2后，再通过另一个开关 K1接入电网。 标准功率单元通过充电电阻 R及电容 C (见图 2)供电， 提供标准功率单元直流侧电 压。
见图 2， 逆变器的标准功率单元由两个开关器件 IGBT和直流侧电容 C组成， 开 关器件 IGBT1和 IGBT2相串联，再并以直流电容 C，并且开关器件 IGBT1和 IGBT2 分别并联一个反接二极管 Dl、 D2。 开关器件 IGBT1与 IGBT2的公共端， 电容 C与 IGBT2的公共端作为每个单元的输出端， 与其他单元相连。
本拓扑通过对标准功率单元开关器件导通与关断的控制， 实现对电网无功功率的 补偿， 提高电网质量。 控制 IGBT的栅极电压使其导通或者关断， 可以使单元具有不 同的电路状态。定义 IGBT1关断， IGBT2导通为单元的 0状态，此时电流可以经 IGBT2 正向流过 （图 3-1 )， 也可以经并联二极管 D2反向流过 （图 3-2)。 定义 IGBT1导通， IGBT2关断为单元的 1状态， 电流可以流经二极管 D1 (图 4-1 )， 此时电容充电； 也 可以流经 IGBT1 (图 4-2)， 此时电容放电。
该拓扑利用 MMC功率单元串联， 不需要变压器直接并入电网， 省掉了变压器以 及相关的风机， 高压电缆， 辅助电路和承载变压器的结构与空间。

Claims

1、一种基于 MMC的无变压器 STATCOM拓扑结构，其特征在于， 由三相组成， 每相由多个 modular multilevel converte模块化多电平逆变器的标准功率单元串联组 成， 经串联后的标准功率单元一端接在一起， 另一端与电感相连接； 电感连接充电电 阻， 充电电阻并联一个开关后， 再通过另一个开关接入电网。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种基于 MMC的无变压器 STATCOM拓扑结构， 其 特征在于，所述的标准功率单元为半桥结构，两个 IGBT串联，再并联一个直流电容。
3、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的一种基于 MMC的无变压器 STATCOM拓扑结构， 其特征在于，所述的标准功率单元通过充电电阻及电容供电，提供标准功率单元直流 侧电压。
PCT/CN2011/076850 2010-07-22 2011-07-05 基于模块化多电平逆变器（mmc）的无变压器静止同步补偿器（statc0m）拓扑结构 WO2012010053A1 (zh)

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CN102364849A (zh) * 2011-09-05 2012-02-29 江苏南自通华电气集团有限公司 链式无功发生器中功率单元的两级降压式控制电源
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US11159354B2 (en) * 2017-05-12 2021-10-26 Qualcomm Incorporated Increasing reference signal density in wireless communications

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