WO2009141037A1

WO2009141037A1 - Inductance and arrangement

Info

Publication number: WO2009141037A1
Application number: PCT/EP2009/002920
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bernhard Schneider; Thomas Uhl
Original assignee: Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2008-05-21
Filing date: 2009-04-22
Publication date: 2009-11-26
Also published as: CN102037525B; DE102008064640A1; EP2357657A2; CN102037525A; EP2281293A1; EP2357657A3; EP2357657B1; EP2281293B1

Abstract

Inductance, comprising a main winding, running around at least one arm of a core, wherein the main winding is energised with alternating current and a control winding is provided on at least one arm of the core energised with single pole current.

Description

Inductance and arrangement

Description:

The invention relates to an inductance and an arrangement.

It is known to connect inductances with capacitances to a resonant circuit.

The invention is therefore based on the object to develop a system with inductors.

According to the invention the object is achieved in the inductance according to the features specified in claim 1 and in the arrangement according to the features indicated in claim 9.

Important features of the invention in inductance are that it comprises a main winding which is formed around at least one leg of a core,

wherein the main winding is supplied with alternating current,

wherein a control winding is provided on at least one leg of the core, which is subjected to unipolar current.

The advantage here is that the value of the inductance is variable to a desired setpoint and tuned.

In an advantageous embodiment, the control winding has at least two partial windings whose winding sense is designed such

- That the direction of the main flow generated in the area covered by the first portion of the control winding corresponds to the direction of the flow generated by the main winding upon application of positive current in this area, - And that the direction of the flow generated in the area encompassed by the second portion of the control winding main flow corresponds to the direction of the flow generated by the main winding upon application of negative current in this second region, ie in particular in the area covered by the second portion of the control winding.

The advantage here is that the induced voltage remains low and yet a field can be generated, which magnetizes the core of the main coil, in particular as a constant field, ie constant field. ,

In an advantageous embodiment, the control winding is designed such that in each case a corresponding number of turns of the other portion is executed alternately after execution of a first number of turns of a portion, in particular wherein the number assumes a value between 1 and 10. The advantage here is that the voltage induced in the first turns voltage remains low and thus the insulation must be performed only against low voltages.

In an advantageous embodiment, a supply winding on at least one leg of the core is provided, are connected to the means for generating the unipolar current, in particular wherein the means of the induced voltage, in particular secondary voltage, the supply winding are supplied. The advantage here is that the supply of the control coil is made possible decentralized. So it must be laid in addition to the primary conductor no supply line but it is sufficient to relocate the primary conductor from which the control coil is inductively supply via the supply coil bar.

In an advantageous embodiment, the means for generating the unipolar current comprise a controllable arrangement, such as DC / DC converters, power switches and / or controllable resistance. The advantage here is that the value of the current in the control coil is adjustable, so it is controllable.

In an advantageous embodiment, the core has an air gap S, which is penetrated in the main flow generated by the main winding, wherein the flows generated by the respective partial windings are essentially passed through areas of the core without an air gap. The advantage here is that only a small control current is necessary with the the saturation of the area is permeated, which is penetrated by the main flow of the partial windings. The air gap is arranged only in that region of the core which is penetrated essentially exclusively by the main flow of the main winding, whereby the steepness of the magnetization characteristic curve for the main winding can be reduced.

In an advantageous embodiment, the control signals for controlling the contactless and / or galvanically isolated transmitted. The advantage here is that no additional effort for galvanic isolation must be operated. Also, it simply allows the control electronics connected to the control coil to operate at a different potential.

In an advantageous embodiment, the means are provided as a control element of a control circuit and connected thereto. The advantage here is that the value of the control current is adjustable, in particular so to a target value.

Important features of the arrangement are that it is intended for non-contact energy transmission, with a medium-frequency current being fed into an elongated primary conductor system,

wherein consumers are supplied from a secondary coil inductively coupled to the primary conductor system,

wherein the secondary coil is connected in series or in parallel with such a capacitance that the associated resonant frequency substantially corresponds to the center frequency, in particular between 10 and 500 kHz, of the current,

wherein a controllable inductance is provided

The advantage here is that a resonant circuit part, such as a resonant circuit, a gyrator, or even a transformer can be regulated to a desired value.

In an advantageous embodiment, the inductance is the secondary coil. The advantage here is that even with a quadrupole such as transformer or the like, the inductance is controllable. In an advantageous embodiment, the inductance is provided in a gyrator. The advantage here is that the gyrator is adjustable to the desired target frequency response

In an advantageous embodiment, the inductance is such with the inductance of

Primary conductor system is connected and such a capacitance is in operative connection with the primary conductor system that the associated resultant resonant frequency is tuned to the center frequency. The advantage here is that the efficiency is optimized and aging, weather or temperature-related changes are compensated.

In an advantageous embodiment, the capacitance is arranged in a gyrator arrangement feeding the primary conductor system directly or via a transformer

and / or the capacitance is connected in series or in parallel to the inductor connected to the inductance of the primary conductor system. The advantage here is that the vote of the primary conductor system is also executable by means of the controllable inductance. Here, the controllable inductance is connected in series with the primary conductor, ie the inductance of the primary conductor. The capacitance provided for achieving the resonance is provided within the gyrator arrangement, from which the primary conductor system is supplied via a transformer.

In an advantageous embodiment, a regulator circuit is provided, whose input is provided with a means for detecting the relative phase position between a voltage and a current, in particular wherein the current is the primary current, and whose output is connected to the controllable inductance as an actuator. The advantage here is that an automatic control is providable, which tracks the value of the resonant frequency even when changing physical parameters by controlling the controllable inductance to the desired value.

Further advantages emerge from the subclaims. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 controllable switching element 2 first E-shaped core 3 second E-shaped core

L inductance of the main winding L2 inductance of the control winding L3 inductance of the supply winding

E1, A1 Connections of the main winding E2, A2 Connections of the control winding E3, A3 Connections of the supply winding

S air gap

SW switch position

R resistance δ duty cycle, duty cycle

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to figures:

FIG. 1 shows the schematic circuit diagram of a first exemplary embodiment according to the invention. 2 shows a further embodiment is shown, wherein instead of the switching element 1, a controllable resistor is used. 3 shows another embodiment, wherein instead of the switching element 1 of Figure 1, a DC / DC converter is shown. FIG. 4 shows an inductance with two mutually facing E-shaped cores, wherein windings are symbolically indicated.

In the figure 1, the main winding with the inductance L is shown with the terminals E1 and A1. Inductively coupled, for example wound on the core of the main winding, the control winding L2 with the terminals E2 and A2 and the supply winding L3 with the terminals E3 and A3 are provided. In this case, the winding of the main winding L is supplied with an alternating current, whereby a voltage is provided to the inductively coupled supply winding ready, which is supplied to a rectifier. The rectified voltage is optionally smoothed with a capacitor and is then fed to a switching element 1, wherein this is operated clocked, for example, pulse width modulated. In this case, a switch encompassed by the switching element, for example, a controllable power semiconductor switch is closed in each clock period for a first period and opened in a subsequent period. In this way, the current flowing through the control winding L2 current is controllable. In the time average thus flows a direct current through the control coil L2, whereby thus the core of the main winding undergoes a corresponding magnetization. It is important that the magnetization of the core is not a linear function of the magnetic field generated by the current, but even changes to a saturation behavior for larger current values.

In this way, therefore, the effective inductance L of the main winding is variable depending on the impressed in the control winding current. By means of the supply winding thus one of other electronic circuits galvanically isolated supply is possible, which is also widely used far away without this necessary supply cable.

The control signals for the switching element 1 are contactless and even galvanically separated transferable. For example, an optocoupler on the switching element 1 is provided for this purpose, which is in operative connection with a central control, not shown in the figure. Alternatively, a modulated on the primary conductor high-frequency current component for the transmission of Control signals for the switching element used. The associated frequency is greater than the center frequency of the current fed into the primary conductor, that is, the current component which is significant for the power supply. The high-frequency current component can also be detected by means of the supply coil and can therefore be decoupled from the supply current component in the switching element.

Instead of the above-mentioned control signals, only information can be transmitted in further exemplary embodiments according to the invention, wherein an electronic circuit for generating the control signals is then included in the switching element.

As a material for the production of the core are suitable ferrite materials or other ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic materials.

The arrangement according to the invention can be used in a system for contactless energy transmission, in which an elongated laid primary conductor is provided, into which a medium-frequency current is impressed, in particular with a frequency between 10 and 500 kHz. The load which can be moved along the primary conductor has a secondary coil, which is inductively coupled to the primary conductor and to which such a capacitance is connected in series or in parallel, so that the associated resonant frequency substantially corresponds to the center frequency. Here is the

Main winding of the arrangement according to the invention can be used as a secondary winding and by means of the current in the control winding, the inductance changeable, so the resonance frequency to the center frequency adjustable or tunable. By means of the resonant transmission supplied from the secondary winding consumers can be supplied with a slightly fluctuating efficiency with varying distance between the primary conductor and the secondary coil.

Furthermore, to generate the medium-frequency current for the primary conductor, a converter is used whose output stage is supplied from a unipolar voltage, the so-called intermediate circuit voltage, which is generated by a mains-fed rectifier. In this case, the output stage comprises half bridges, which each comprise two series-connected pulse-width-modulatedly controlled power semiconductor switches. In this way, a medium frequency voltage can be generated, which is used to power a Gyratoranordnung. By means of the gyrator arrangement is realized from the means of the power amplifier Voltage source made a medium-frequency power source, which is intended to power a primary conductor loop, wherein the primary conductor loop comprises the primary conductor.

As a gyrator arrangement, a quadrupole is used which comprises at least one inductance and at least one capacitance, wherein the values of these variables are selected such that the associated resonant frequency essentially corresponds to the center frequency. For this purpose, an arrangement according to the invention can again be used as the inductance, so that the inductance can be tuned to the optimum value or subsequently regulated.

Advantageously, aging, moisture, weather, temperature or otherwise caused deviations or drifts in the values can thus be compensated for and / or readjusted.

Between the output of the gyrator and the primary conductor loop, a transformer can be arranged, which is suitable for adapting the inductance. Also for its inductances, the arrangement according to the invention can be used to perform this tunable.

The elongated laid primary conductor is connected in total a capacity in series, so that the associated resonant frequency is tuned to the center frequency. In spatially widely extended systems, it is advantageous here to divide the primary conductor into sections and assign each section a partial capacity. In addition, an inductance can also be assigned to the tuning, for example in series, whereby this can be implemented as an arrangement according to the invention and thus a tuning to the resonant frequency is made possible.

The components mentioned can therefore be equipped with inductors controllable according to the invention and thus tunable to the desired setpoint values.

In FIG. 2, instead of the controllable switching element 1, a controllable resistor R is provided which thus determines the value of the main inductance. The operation is the figure 1 executed accordingly. In FIG. 3, instead of the controllable switching element 1 of FIG. 1, a controllable DC / DC converter is provided. The operation is the figure 1 executed accordingly. The duty cycle or the duty cycle δ thus determine the inductance.

FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of the controllable main inductance according to the invention. Here, the main winding L is wound around the first E-shaped core 2 and has the terminals E1 and A1. The second E-shaped core provided for closing the magnetic flux issuing from the first E-shaped core has the supply winding L3 about its center leg, the terminals being denoted by E3 and A3. The control winding L2 is embodied in two partial windings, wherein the first part winding is provided in the right main leg and the second part winding in the left main leg. The winding sense of the two partial windings are designed in opposite directions. The flux generated by the main winding L transits from the main leg of the first E-shaped core 2 into the main leg of the second E-shaped core 3 and then divides into two halves, the first in the first main leg and the second half in the second main leg flows. Thus, the field generated by the first partial winding of the control winding L2 in the first main leg is added to the flux component generated by the main winding and the field generated by the second partial winding of the control winding L2 is subtracted in the second main leg to the flux component generated by the main winding. In this way, a control of the inductance for the positive half-wave of the provided in the main winding L alternating current in the same manner as for the negative half-wave executable.

Another advantage is in the described embodiment of the partial winding, that the voltage fed into the main winding from the induced current in the control winding voltage substantially disappears. Preferably, the winding of the control winding is designed such that after a first turn of the first partial winding, the first turn of the second partial winding is carried out with the winding sense described above. Thereafter, a turn of the first partial winding is again carried out and continued by further alternating the execution of a turn of the respective partial winding.

In order to reduce the production costs and the winding length, it is also advantageous, instead of carrying out in the described manner, in alternating order, only one turn of each partial winding to carry out several turns of the respective partial winding. In this way too, the induced voltage which occurs overall on the control winding can be reduced.

Preferably, the E-shaped cores are rotationally symmetrical about their center leg around and thus have the E-shaped cross-section shown in Figure 4.

It is also important in the figure 4 that the center leg includes a gap, so an air gap. Advantageously, the main legs are designed without an air gap and thus the smallest possible control power necessary. In the main field lines generated by the control winding so no air gap is present and thus only a small one

Control current necessary, so only a small tax performance. Even the small stream has a big impact.

Instead of a supply coil and a DC power supply from an additional supply circuit, not shown, executable.

Claims

claims:

An inductor comprising a main winding formed around at least one leg of a core,

wherein the main winding is supplied with alternating current,

characterized in that a control winding is provided on at least one leg of the core, which is acted upon by unipolar current.

2. inductance according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control winding has at least two partial windings whose winding sense is designed such

- That the direction of the main flow generated in the area covered by the first portion of the control winding corresponds to the direction of the flow generated by the main winding upon application of positive current in this area,

- And that the direction of the flow generated in the area encompassed by the second portion of the control winding main flow corresponds to the direction of the flow generated by the main winding upon application of negative current in this second region, ie in particular in the area covered by the second portion of the control winding.

3. inductance according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control winding is designed such that in each case a corresponding number of turns of the other portion is executed alternately after execution of a first number of turns of a portion, in particular wherein the number is a value between 1 and 10.

4. inductance according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a supply winding is provided on at least one leg of the core, are connected to the means for generating the unipolar current, in particular wherein the means of the induced voltage, in particular secondary voltage, the Supply winding are supplied.

5. Inductor according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means for generating the unipolar current comprise a controllable arrangement, such as DC / DC converter, power switch and / or controllable resistor.

6. inductor according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the core has an air gap S, which is penetrated in the main flow generated by the main winding,

wherein the fluxes generated by the respective partial windings are conducted essentially through regions of the core without an air gap.

7. inductor according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control signals for driving are transmitted without contact and / or galvanically isolated.

8. inductance according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means are provided as a control member of a control circuit and connected thereto.

9. Arrangement for non-contact energy transmission, wherein a medium-frequency current is fed into an elongated primary conductor system,

5 wherein consumers are supplied from a secondary coil inductively coupled to the primary conductor system,

the secondary coil being connected in series or in parallel with such a capacitance that the associated resonant frequency substantially corresponds to the mean frequency, in particular 10 between 10 and 500 kHz, of the current,

characterized in that a controllable inductance is provided

15 10. An arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inductance is the secondary coil.

11. The arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims, 20 characterized in that the inductance is provided in a Gyratoranordnung.

12. Arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

25 the inductance is so connected to the inductance of the primary conductor system and such a capacitance is in operative connection with the primary conductor system, that the associated resulting resonant frequency is tunable to the center frequency,

13. Arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the capacitance is arranged in a the primary conductor system directly or via a transformer 5 feeding gyrator

and / or that the capacitance is connected in series or in parallel to the inductor connected to the inductance of the primary conductor system.

14. The arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a regulator circuit is provided, whose input is provided with a means for detecting the relative phase position between a voltage and a current, in particular wherein the current is the primary current, and their output with the controllable

15 inductance is connected as an actuator.