WO2008067649A2 - Power device for improving the efficiency of an induction motor - Google Patents

Power device for improving the efficiency of an induction motor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008067649A2
WO2008067649A2 PCT/CA2007/002170 CA2007002170W WO2008067649A2 WO 2008067649 A2 WO2008067649 A2 WO 2008067649A2 CA 2007002170 W CA2007002170 W CA 2007002170W WO 2008067649 A2 WO2008067649 A2 WO 2008067649A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic field
rotor
drive member
output drive
unit
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Application number
PCT/CA2007/002170
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French (fr)
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WO2008067649A3 (en
Inventor
Thane Christopher Heins
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Thane Christopher Heins
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Application filed by Thane Christopher Heins filed Critical Thane Christopher Heins
Publication of WO2008067649A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008067649A2/en
Publication of WO2008067649A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008067649A3/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K53/00—Alleged dynamo-electric perpetua mobilia

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electrical rotating machines and generators.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an exemplary demonstration setup to illustrate aspects of an improved power device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing a single coil
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing alternate coil placements
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing multiple coil placements
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing an alternate multiple rotor placements
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing multiple linked coil pairs
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing multiple rotors
  • FIG. 8 illustrates another alternative exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 illustrates still another alternative exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention.
  • FIGs. 10 and 11 are theoretical schematic views of a rotor portion of an induction motor an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic plot of speed versus time under applied load for exemplary embodiments of improved power devices of the present invention.
  • an induction motor drive system comprising an induction motor drive unit with a stator and a rotor.
  • the rotor is coupled with an output drive member and is operative to generate a rotor magnetic field to interact with the stator to deliver an operative torque sufficient to rotate the output drive member.
  • a generator rotor unit is coupled to the output drive member.
  • the generator rotor unit includes a peripheral region with a plurality of magnetic pole sectors.
  • a coil unit is also provided with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field.
  • the coil unit is located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region.
  • the induction motor is operable to deliver sufficient operative torque to the output drive member to
  • Last printed 12/4/2007 1 :06:00 PM rotate the output drive member and the generator unit to generate a moving primary magnetic field in the presence of the coil unit, to generate the induced current in the winding arrangement, thereby to establish a secondary magnetic field.
  • the induction motor, the output drive member and/or the generator rotor unit are configured to provide an effective magnetic field linkage to guide the second magnetic field to the induction motor with sufficient magnetic flux density to strengthen the rotor magnetic field.
  • One or more embodiments further comprise a coupling portion located in the output drive member, the coupling portion being operable in a first mode to interrupt the effective magnetic field linkage.
  • the coupling portion is operable in a second mode to restore the effective magnetic field linkage.
  • One or more embodiments further comprise an actuating unit to actuate the coupling portion between the first and second modes.
  • One or more embodiments further comprise a control unit for controlling the actuating unit under differing operating parameters.
  • the effective magnetic field linkage is provided by an effectively short distance between the coil unit and the induction motor.
  • the effective magnetic field linkage is provided by an effectively low reluctance in the materials making up the induction motor, the output drive member and/or the generator rotor unit.
  • the effective magnetic field linkage is provided an effectively large operative cross sectional area in the induction motor, the output drive member and/or the generator rotor unit.
  • the coil unit is configured to be active or passive.
  • the coil unit includes a pair of winding leads which are coupled to a power source.
  • the power source is an AC power source.
  • the power source is a DC power source.
  • the coil unit includes a pair of winding leads which are attachable to a load.
  • the coil unit includes a pair of winding leads which are operable in a first mode wherein the winding leads are coupled to a working load, a second mode wherein the leads are in a short circuit condition and in a third mode wherein the leads are in an open circuit condition.
  • the plurality of magnetic pole sectors are regularly or irregularly alternating between a north pole and a south pole, or being provided by one or more unipolar pole sectors.
  • each magnetic pole sector includes a permanent magnet positioned on the peripheral region.
  • each magnetic pole sector includes a magnetic portion integrally formed in the peripheral region.
  • One or more embodiments further comprise a ferromagnetic support for supporting the coil unit, the ferromagnetic support being associated with the induction motor and/or the output drive member to form an effective magnetic linkage therewith to convey both the primary and secondary magnetic fields to the induction motor, in a manner sufficient to strengthen the rotor magnetic field.
  • One or more embodiments further comprise a ferromagnetic bearing and/or transfer unit for coupling the ferromagnetic support to the output drive member.
  • the transfer unit includes one or more conductive bushings or brushes.
  • the ferromagnetic support is positioned sufficiently close to the output drive member to minimize the air gap therebetween.
  • an induction motor drive system comprising:
  • an induction motor drive unit with a stator and a rotor, the rotor coupled with an output drive member, the rotor operative to generate a rotor magnetic field to interact with the stator to deliver an operative torque sufficient to rotate the output drive member;
  • the output drive member including a first output drive member portion extending from the first end of the rotor and a second output drive member portion extending from a second opposed end of the rotor
  • first generator rotor unit coupled to the first output drive member portion and a second generator rotor unit coupled to the second output drive member portion
  • each of the first and second generator rotor units including a peripheral region with a plurality of magnetic pole sectors
  • each coil unit having a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field, the first coil unit being located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region of the first generator unit, the second coil unit being located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region of the second generator unit;
  • the induction motor being operable to deliver sufficient operative torque to the output drive member to rotate the output drive member to generate a
  • the induction motor, the output drive member and/or the generator rotor unit being configured to provide an effective magnetic field linkage to guide the second magnetic field of each of the first and second coil units to the induction motor with sufficient density to strengthen the rotor magnetic field.
  • a drive system comprising:
  • a first generator rotor unit coupled to output drive member, the generator rotor unit including a peripheral region with a plurality of magnetic pole sectors;
  • a first coil unit with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field to form a first magnetic field and a first back EMF induced magnetic field, the first coil unit being located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region,
  • a second coil unit with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field to form a second magnetic field and a second back EMF induced magnetic field, the second coil unit being located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region,
  • ferromagnetic support for supporting the first and second coil units in sufficient proximity, so that the first magnetic field and the first back EMF induced magnetic field migrate into the second coil unit through the
  • One or more embodiments further comprise a second generator rotor unit coupled to the output drive member, the second generator rotor unit including a peripheral region with a plurality of magnetic pole sectors, the first and second coil units being located between the first and second rotor units.
  • the ferromagnetic support forms a closed magnetic linkage.
  • the ferromagnetic support is a toroid.
  • a method of accelerating an induction motor drive system comprising:
  • an induction motor drive unit with a stator and a rotor, the rotor coupled with an output drive member, the rotor operative to generate a rotor magnetic field to interact with the stator to deliver an operative torque sufficient to rotate the output drive member;
  • the generator rotor unit including a peripheral region with a plurality of alternating magnetic pole sectors
  • a coil unit with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field
  • Last printed 12/4/2007 1 :06:00 PM delivering power to the induction motor sufficient to deliver operative torque to the output drive member to rotate the output drive member to generate a moving magnetic field in the presence of the coil unit, to generate the induced current in the winding arrangement, thereby to establish a secondary magnetic field.
  • the output drive member configuring the output drive member to provide a magnetic field linkage between the induction motor drive unit, the output drive member and the coil unit to guide the second magnetic field to the induction motor, to strengthen the rotor magnetic field.
  • a generating device comprising:
  • the coil is in sufficient proximity to said rotor poles to improve the efficiency of said generating device.
  • the motor is an electric induction motor.
  • the device is adapted as an improved induction motor.
  • FIG. 1 shows a demonstration setup used to illustrate the operation of the present invention.
  • a prime mover in this case an induction motor 101 drives an axle 103 with attached external magnetic pole rotors 105, 107 having permanent magnets with an exposed south pole 109, 113, and an exposed north pole 111, 115.
  • a coil 117 has its core in proximity with magnet 111, and a similar coil 119 has its core in proximity with magnet 111, and a similar coil 119 has its core in proximity with
  • Last printed 12/4/2007 1:06:00 PM magnet 119 This orientation changes as the rotor rotates to present a north pole or a south pole to the coils 117, 119 in alternating fashion.
  • An insulated coupling 121 magnetically isolates rotor 107 from the axle of motor 101.
  • induction motor 101 when induction motor 101 is operative, and a resistive load is applied to the windings of coil 119, a magnetic drag is applied to the motor according to Lenz's law, which slows it down.
  • a similar resistive load is applied to the windings of coil 117, current to motor 101 decreases while its speed increases.
  • the only difference in these two tests is the presence of the insulated coupling 121. Induced back EMF induced magnetic field flux from coil 119 will oppose rotor motion because it is magnetically isolated by insulator 121. Induced back EMF induced magnetic field flux from coil 117 does not oppose rotor motion because it is attracted to the steel of the rotor, axle, etc.
  • the effect of coil 119 induced magnetic field will be to produce torque such that it is in the counter clockwise direction.
  • the net torque delivered by the motor will equal the motor torque minus the torque exerted as a result of the secondary field 119, resulting in a speed decrease.
  • the net torque will equal the motor torque plus the torque as a result of the second field generated by coil 117, resulting in a speed increase.
  • the device of figure 1 provides an induction motor drive system, comprising an induction motor drive unit with a stator 101a and a rotor 101b.
  • the rotor is coupled with an output drive member, in this case axle 103, and the rotor is operative to generate a rotor magnetic field to interact with the stator to deliver an operative torque sufficient to rotate the output drive member.
  • a generator rotor unit in
  • Last printed 12/4/2Q07 1 :06:00 PM this case provided by the rotors 105, 107, is coupled to output drive member, the generator rotor unit including a peripheral region with a plurality of magnetic pole sectors.
  • the sectors are provided by the permanent magnets 109, 111 but may be provided in other forms, including integrally formed magnet portions, which may be regularly or irregularly distributed along the rotors 105, 107.
  • the coil 117 thus provides a coil unit with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field, the coil unit being located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region.
  • the induction motor is thus operable to deliver sufficient operative torque to the output drive member to rotate the output drive member and the generator unit to generate a moving primary magnetic field in the presence of the coil unit, to generate the induced current in the winding arrangement, thereby to establish a secondary magnetic field.
  • the induction motor, the output drive member and/or the generator rotor unit being configured to provide an effective magnetic field linkage to guide the second magnetic field to the induction motor with sufficient magnetic flux density to strengthen the rotor magnetic field.
  • the insulator 121 serves as a coupling portion located in the output drive member.
  • the coupling portion may be operable in two operative modes. In a first mode, the coupling portion may interrupt the effective magnetic field linkage in the manner as discussed above for the insulator 121. In a second mode, the coupling portion may be operable to restore the effective magnetic field linkage along the output drive member.
  • the actuating unit may be provided, as shown at 121a to actuate the coupling portion between the first and second modes. Further, a control unit may be provided at 121b for controlling the actuating unit under differing operating parameters.
  • control unit and its associated components are computer implemented and may be provided in a number of forms. They may be embodied in a software program configured to run on one or more general purpose computers, such as a personal computer, or on a single custom built computer, such as programmed logic controller (PLC) which is dedicated to the function of the system alone.
  • PLC programmed logic controller
  • the system may, alternatively, be executed on a more substantial computer mainframe.
  • the general purpose computer may work within a network involving several general purpose computers, for example those sold under the trade names APPLE or IBM, or clones thereof, which are programmed with operating systems known by the trade names WINDOWS, LINUX or other well known or lesser known equivalents of these.
  • the system may involve pre-programmed software using a number of possible languages or a custom designed version of a programming software sold under the trade name ACCESS or other programming software.
  • the computer network may be a wired local area network, or a wide area network such as the Internet, or a combination of the two, with or without added security, authentication protocols, or under "peer-to-peer” or “client-server” or other networking architectures.
  • the network may also be a wireless network or a combination of wired and wireless networks.
  • the wireless network may operate under frequencies such as those dubbed 'radio frequency' or "RF" using protocols such as the 802.11, TCP/IP, BLUE TOOTH and the like, or other well known Internet, wireless, satellite or cell packet protocols.
  • the effective magnetic field linkage may be provided by:
  • each coil unit may be configured to be active or passive.
  • each coil unit may include a pair of winding leads which are produced to a power source, which may be an AC power source or a DC power source.
  • the winding leads may be operable in a first mode, wherein the winding leads are coupled to a working load, a second mode wherein the leads are in a short circuit condition and in a third mode wherein the leads are in an open circuit condition.
  • each magnetic pole sector in this example includes a permanent magnet positioned on the peripheral region.
  • each magnetic pole sector including a magnetic portion integrally formed in the peripheral region.
  • the induction motor 101 may be selected from the group including, but not limited to, split phase induction, capacitor start induction motor, permanent split capacitor induction, capacitor run induction motor, shaded pole induction pole induction motor, squirrel cage induction, wound rotor induction, synchronous induction.
  • other motors may also be employed in some case, including those which produce torque by the interaction of one or more magnetic fields.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing a single coil 201.
  • coil 201 is located between two rotors 105 and 107 such that the ends of the core of coil 201 are adjacent to the rotor poles 111 and 113 respectively.
  • the motor 101 turns axle 103 and rotor 105 and 107, the ends of the core of coil 201 are exposed to alternating north and south poles of each rotor 105 and 107.
  • the rotors can have a plurality of magnetic poles of alternating polarity.
  • the induced back EMF induced magnetic field 205 does not oppose the rotor motion. This interaction of magnetic fields and guiding the induced back EMF induced magnetic field improves the efficiency of the power device illustrated here by an induction motor powered generator.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing alternate coil placements.
  • Rotor 107 is optional.
  • Coil 201 can be used singly or similar additional coils such as coil 301 can be used to enhance the effect.
  • One or more coils 117 can be mounted oriented away from the motor 101 as long as the core of coil 117 is proximate to the rotor poles 111.
  • a toroidal core 307 having coils 303 and 305 can be mounted proximate to the rotor poles 109.
  • a toroidal core coil assembly can have added advantages of diverting back EMF induced magnetic field flux from coil 303 into coil 305 and back EMF induced magnetic field flux from coil 305 into coil 303.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing multiple coil placements.
  • Coil 117 is mounted with its core proximate to the rotor pole 111. Additional coils such as coil 401 can be similarly mounted to enhance the effect.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a variation over FIG. 4 in which the cores of coils 117 and 401 are linked by bar 501 so as to provide a low reluctance flux path between them.
  • FIG. 6 is an isometric view of an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing linked multiple coil placements.
  • the rotor 105 is shown having six magnetic poles having permanent magnets of alternating polarity around the circumference. As shown in the figures described above, pole 109 presents a south pole and pole 111 presents a north pole.
  • the rotor 105 can contain more or fewer such magnetic rotor poles.
  • linked coil pairs 601, 603, 605 have coils linked by a bar similar to that shown in FIG. 5. The linked coil pairs are mounted such that the core of a first coil is proximate a north rotor pole and the core of a second linked coil is proximate to a south rotor pole adjacent to the north rotor pole.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing a second rotor 701 in addition to the rotor 105.
  • Coil 117 is mounted between the rotor poles of rotors 105 and 701 such that a first end of the core of coil 117 is proximate a north pole on one rotor and the other end of the core of coil 117 is proximate a south pole on the other rotor.
  • Coil 117 can be augmented
  • Toroidal core is mounted so as to be proximate to poles from both rotor 105 and 701.
  • coil 117 is operative to produce a secondary magnetic field according to Lenz' law.
  • Coils 303 and 305 are set on a toroid 307 of a ferromagnetic core material, such that both coils 303, 305 produce back EMF induced magnetic fields, but their induced magnetic fields do not enter the air gap between the toroid 307 and the adjacent magnet 109, 111 as explained by Lenz' law (assuming the core material is not saturated). Instead, the back EMF induced magnetic field provided by coil 303 is trapped within core material 307 and enters coil 305. This occurs because of the reluctance in the core material which is lower than that of the air and the magnetic flux will travel through a region of least reluctance. So when the back EMF induced magnetic field of coil 303 enters coil 305, in the same direction as that supplied by the rotating magnetic field, the two fields in coil 305 are additive.
  • the back EMF induced magnetic field of coil 305 enters coil 303. Since no magnetic field enters the air gap (assuming the core material is not saturated), there is no acceleration or deceleration of the induction motor 101 prime mover and the amount of power taken from the coils does not affect the power supplied to the prime mover motor and up to the point of saturation of the core material.
  • the drive shaft may be formed with drive shaft steel with
  • the motor may be operated at a higher initial speed to induce enough initial voltage in the coils to induce current and thus the secondary magnetic field.
  • the number of turns in the windings of the coil may be increased to induce a higher voltage.
  • the motor is placed on a base that has a large amount of ferromagnetic material, this will have an effect of lowering the reluctance through the magnetic connection.
  • the load on the generator will affect the amount of back EMF induced magnetic field induced by the generator. For example, an open circuit "no-load" condition has no effect, since there is no current flowing through the generator coils and thus no back EMF induced magnetic field.
  • a short circuited coil will produce the maximum current through the winding and the maximum back EMF induced magnetic field around the generator coils.
  • the loading of the coil will determine the magnitude of the field around the coil.
  • a short circuit using left hand configuration of figure 1 with coil 119, will act to decelerate the prime mover, which may be utilized, for instance, in vehicle braking.
  • a short circuit using the right hand configuration of figure 1 with coil 117, will act to accelerate the prime mover, which may be useful, in some cases, for acceleration.
  • the load variations between an open circuit (zero current) and a short circuit (maximum current) thus provide a variable operational range.
  • the insulated coupling 121 may be provided as a brass coupler, among other possible examples, and functions to provide an air gap, or an equivalent high reluctance barrier, to prevent, or at least minimize, the presence of magnetic flux from the coil 119 in the motor 101.
  • the reluctance of the coupling 121 must be selected taking into consideration the maximum induced current that is available in the coil 119. If the magnitude of the induced current in coil in 119 is sufficiently high, for instance, and the reluctance of insulated coupling 121 is not properly selected, the magnetic field produced by the coil 119 may have the Anlagen availability to jump across the air gap. Were this to occur, an intended deceleration may result in an acceleration of the motor.
  • a particular feature of the device is the provision of a magnetic field linkage whose characteristics are sufficient to convey the magnetic flux of the secondary magnetic field at sufficiently high density as it arrives at the prime mover to provide an additive effect on the rotor field.
  • the higher the additive effect the greater the increase in rotor field, the greater the torque and the greater the acceleration.
  • This will be influenced by a number of factors, including the reluctance of the components providing the magnetic flux linkage, their dimensions, orientation and continuity relative to the location of the prime mover. For instance, the higher the cross sectional of the components providing the magnetic flux linkage, the greater the density and effectiveness of the arriving flux.
  • the resulting density of the arriving flux will be lower than if the components making up the flux linkage are, for instance, in a single axial orientation. If the components by their manufacture have discontinuities, such as sharp dimensional transitions or holes formed in their shafts, such discontinues may in some cases have a reducing effect on the density of the arriving magnetic flux.
  • the aim is to produce breaking, it is vital that that the reluctance in insulator 121 is sufficient to impede the resulting secondary magnetic field being produced by the coil 119 in its braking mode, that is to prevent the secondary magnetic field from "jumping" the resulting barrier and extending into the prime mover. Doing so would risk an unintended acceleration.
  • Figure 8 illustrates still another alternative exemplary embodiment of an improved power device, showing an induction motor with an output drive coupled to a rotor, the rotor providing the alternating permanent magnets as in the earlier embodiments.
  • a coil 117 is supported between the induction motor 101 and the rotor 105 by way of a ferromagnetic support member 802 which is joined to the
  • the ferromagnetic support member 802 together with the coil 117, the output shaft member 103 and the rotor 105 provides a circuit for the primary magnetic field flux, independent of any secondary magnetic field produced by the coil.
  • the components providing the magnetic flux linkage may be configured so that the primary magnetic field flux may be present in the induction motor at densities sufficient to provide an additive effect on the rotor field. Further, when the coil is under load, the coil will in turn produce a secondary magnetic field which may also be sufficient to be present in the induction motor to have another additive effect on the rotor field.
  • the example of figure 8 provides a ferromagnetic support 802 for supporting the coil unit.
  • the ferromagnetic support 802 is thus associated with the induction motor and/or the output drive member to form an effective magnetic linkage therewith to convey both the primary and secondary magnetic fields to the induction motor, in a manner sufficient to strengthen the rotor magnetic field.
  • a ferromagnetic bearing 804 and/or transfer unit couples the ferromagnetic support to the output drive member.
  • the transfer unit may thus include one or more conductive bushings or brushes.
  • the ferromagnetic support may be positioned sufficiently close to the output drive member to minimize the air gap therebetween.
  • Figure 9 illustrates yet another alternative exemplary embodiment an improved power device, showing an induction motor with an output drive coupled to a rotor, the rotor providing the alternating permanent magnets as in the earlier embodiments.
  • a drive system is provided with a prime mover with an output drive member.
  • a first generator rotor unit 105 coupled to output drive member.
  • the first generator rotor unit 105 includes a peripheral region with a plurality of magnetic pole sectors.
  • a first coil unit 117a is provided with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field to form a first magnetic field and a first back EMF
  • the first coil unit is located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region.
  • a second coil unit 117b is also provided with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field to form a second magnetic field and a second back EFM field. Similarly, the second coil unit 117b is located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region.
  • a ferromagnetic support 902 is also provided supporting the first and second coil units in sufficient proximity, so that the first magnetic field and the first back EMF induced magnetic field migrate into the second coil 117b unit through the ferromagnetic support, and the second magnetic field and the second back EMF induced magnetic field migrate into the first coil unit 117a through the ferromagnetic support 902.
  • the coupling 121 of figure 1 is capable of two operative modes, the first in which the actuator is provided to actuate the insulated coupling so that, in one operative mode, the actuator may operate the generator load as a motor speed control.
  • the number of poles on the rotor should dictate the performance of the overall system. If the poles are widely distributed (thus with a relatively low pole density), for instance, the acceleration will not be as high as if they are closely distributed (thus with a relatively high pole density). Thus, as the number of pole sectors on the rotor increases, so will the acceleration, with all other factors being equal.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic representation of a cross section of the rotor in the induction motor with the distribution of the north and south poles through the main body of the rotor and opposed output drive member portions.
  • Figure 10 also illustrates the magnetic field migration paths into the air beyond the end regions of the opposed drive member portions.
  • the symbol Br denotes the magnetic field strength present at the opposed ends.
  • Figure 11 illustrates an exterior magnetic field being introduced and it shows how the rotor magnetic field strength can be strengthened by an additive effect of an exterior magnetic field.
  • the presence of an additive effect at one end region will generate a corresponding additive effect at the opposite end portion, the magnitude of which will depend on the reluctance therebetween.
  • the orientation of the magnet is not critical to this function and will function similarly if the south pole is adjane the end region of the rotor.
  • Figure 12 illustrates graphically a range of operating conditions of several examples herein discussed.
  • the vertical axis represents the rotational speed of the output drive member while the horizontal axis represents either the time interval between switching and applying the load to the generator.
  • the origin of the horizontal axis signifies the conditions of an open circuit, effectively with infinite resistance.
  • the plots are illustrated as linear plots for illustration purposes only and will invariably be nonlinear given the non-linear relation between the several factors influencing the performance of the machine. It should be understood that as the motor operates it will generate heat which will have a negative effective effect on the efficiency of the motor.
  • the dashed line presented by 1 illustrates a plot corresponding to the example utilizing coil 119 in figure 1.
  • Engaging a resistance at time A will produce a resulting decrease in drive member speed.
  • the angle of speed reduction is dependent on the magnitude of load and of pole density on the peripheral region.
  • the pole density is determined, in the particular example of rotor 113, by the number of magnetic sectors distributed along the peripheral region of the rotor. The lower the number of magnetic sectors, the lower the density. The lower the density, the lower the slope of plot 1 (that is approaching the horizontal). It will be noted that the magnetic sectors in the example of figure 1 are provided by permanent magnets 113, 115.
  • Plot 1 demonstrates a first steady condition over an operating time period from 0 to A. Plot 1 slopes downwardly beyond time A and the slope is dictated by an effective
  • Last printed 12/4/2007 1 '06:00 PM load formed by a number of factors including, but not limited to, the load resistance on the generator, the magnetic field density on the rotor, the number of coil units present on the generator and/or the angular inertia of the various components of the device.
  • the solid line hatching demonstrates an arbitrary range of plots of speed over time for progressively higher effective loads in the direction of arrow a) way from plot 1. In other words, with increasing effective load, the deceleration of the output drive member increases in the direction of arrow a) toward a stall condition as the speed reaches zero.
  • Plot IA demonstrates a steady state condition in which the motor torque has balanced the effective load exerted on the device by the generator. In this case, there is no stall condition. The steady state operating speed thus is decreased in the direction of arrow b) away from plot IA with increasing effective load.
  • plot 2 illustrates a plot corresponding to the example utilizing coil 117 in figure 1.
  • plot 2 demonstrates a first steady condition over an operating time period from 0 to A.
  • plot 2 slopes upwardly beyond time A when the coil 117 is placed under load. Again, the upward slope is dictated by the effective load, in this case the steeper the slope, the greater the effective load.
  • the line hatching demonstrates an arbitrary range of plots of speed over time for progressively higher effective loads in the direction of arrow c) away from plot 2. For instance, it would be expected that the coil arrangement of figure 6 would result is a higher slope to plot 2, all other variables being constant.
  • the acceleration of the output drive member increases in the direction of arrow b) toward a higher speed limit, not shown, which will depend on a number of factors including, but not limited to, motor input line frequency, rotor core saturation parameters.
  • Plot 3 represents a steady state condition over an operating time period from time 0 to time A. Plot 3 does remain at the steady state level beyond time A following the application of load and is representative of the configuration of figure 9. The plot does not illustrate the effect that other variables may play on the speed of the
  • Last printed 12/4/2007 1 :06:00 PM device such as the effect of core saturation in the toroid shown in figure 9, or when magnetic coupling is established between the output drive and the motor.

Abstract

A generating device is disclosed comprising an induction motor, an axle of the induction motor projecting from at least one end of the motor, at least one rotor mounted on the axle, at least one magnetic pole mounted on the rotor and a coil mounted in proximity with said magnetic pole The induction motor, the axle and the rotor are configured to provide a magnetic field linkage to guide the magnetic field from said coil to the induction motor with sufficient magnetic flux density to strengthen the rotor magnetic field

Description

IMPROVED POWER DEVICE
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The subject matter of the following application is incorporated herein by reference:
U.S. Provisional application serial number 60/868,474 filed December 4, 2006 and entitled IMPROVED POWER DEVICE;
[0002] The applicant claims priority benefit under Title 35, United States Code, Section 119 of the above mentioned application.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0003] The present invention relates to electrical rotating machines and generators.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0004] In electric generators, when electricity is generated in a wire, the resulting current in the wire also produces a magnetic field. This induced back EMF induced magnetic field is typically treated as a form of loss.
[0005] Accordingly, an improved power device remains highly desirable.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0006] Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in combination with the appended drawings, in which:
HEI ED3 App vF.doc
Last printed 12/4/2007 1 :06:00 PM [0007] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an exemplary demonstration setup to illustrate aspects of an improved power device of the present invention;
[0008] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing a single coil;
[0009] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing alternate coil placements;
[0010] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing multiple coil placements;
[0011] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing an alternate multiple rotor placements;
[0012] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing multiple linked coil pairs;
[0013] FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing multiple rotors;
[0014] FIG. 8 illustrates another alternative exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention;
[0015] FIG. 9 illustrates still another alternative exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention;
[0016] FIGs. 10 and 11 are theoretical schematic views of a rotor portion of an induction motor an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention; and
[0017] FIG. 12 is a schematic plot of speed versus time under applied load for exemplary embodiments of improved power devices of the present invention.
[0018] It will be noted that, throughout the appended drawings, like features are identified by like reference numerals.
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Last printed 12/4/2007 1 :06:00 PM DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0019] It should be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
[0020] The use of "including," "comprising," or "having" and variations thereof herein is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. Unless limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "coupled," and "mounted," and variations thereof herein are used broadly and encompass direct and indirect connections, couplings, and mountings. In addition, the terms "connected" and "coupled" and variations thereof are not restricted to physical, mechanical and/or electrical connections or couplings. Furthermore, and as described in subsequent paragraphs, the specific mechanical configurations illustrated in the drawings are intended to exemplify embodiments of the invention. However, other alternative mechanical/or electrical configurations are possible which are considered to be within the teachings of the instant disclosure. Furthermore, unless otherwise indicated, the term "or" is to be considered inclusive.
[0021] As will be described herein below, in one or more embodiments, there is provided an induction motor drive system, comprising an induction motor drive unit with a stator and a rotor. The rotor is coupled with an output drive member and is operative to generate a rotor magnetic field to interact with the stator to deliver an operative torque sufficient to rotate the output drive member. A generator rotor unit is coupled to the output drive member. The generator rotor unit includes a peripheral region with a plurality of magnetic pole sectors. A coil unit is also provided with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field. The coil unit is located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region. The induction motor is operable to deliver sufficient operative torque to the output drive member to
3
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Last printed 12/4/2007 1 :06:00 PM rotate the output drive member and the generator unit to generate a moving primary magnetic field in the presence of the coil unit, to generate the induced current in the winding arrangement, thereby to establish a secondary magnetic field. The induction motor, the output drive member and/or the generator rotor unit are configured to provide an effective magnetic field linkage to guide the second magnetic field to the induction motor with sufficient magnetic flux density to strengthen the rotor magnetic field.
[0022] One or more embodiments further comprise a coupling portion located in the output drive member, the coupling portion being operable in a first mode to interrupt the effective magnetic field linkage.
[0023] In one or more embodiments, the coupling portion is operable in a second mode to restore the effective magnetic field linkage.
[0024] One or more embodiments further comprise an actuating unit to actuate the coupling portion between the first and second modes.
[0025] One or more embodiments further comprise a control unit for controlling the actuating unit under differing operating parameters.
[0026] In one or more embodiments, the effective magnetic field linkage is provided by an effectively short distance between the coil unit and the induction motor.
[0027] In one or more embodiments, the effective magnetic field linkage is provided by an effectively low reluctance in the materials making up the induction motor, the output drive member and/or the generator rotor unit.
[0028] In one or more embodiments, the effective magnetic field linkage is provided an effectively large operative cross sectional area in the induction motor, the output drive member and/or the generator rotor unit.
[0029] In one or more embodiments, the coil unit is configured to be active or passive.
[0030] In one or more embodiments, the coil unit includes a pair of winding leads which are coupled to a power source.
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Last printed 12/4/2007 1 :06:00 PM [0031] In one or more embodiments, the power source is an AC power source.
[0032] In one or more embodiments, the power source is a DC power source.
[0033] In one or more embodiments, the coil unit includes a pair of winding leads which are attachable to a load.
[0034] In one or more embodiments, the coil unit includes a pair of winding leads which are operable in a first mode wherein the winding leads are coupled to a working load, a second mode wherein the leads are in a short circuit condition and in a third mode wherein the leads are in an open circuit condition.
[0035] In one or more embodiments, the plurality of magnetic pole sectors are regularly or irregularly alternating between a north pole and a south pole, or being provided by one or more unipolar pole sectors.
[0036] In one or more embodiments, each magnetic pole sector includes a permanent magnet positioned on the peripheral region.
[0037] In one or more embodiments, each magnetic pole sector includes a magnetic portion integrally formed in the peripheral region.
[0038] One or more embodiments further comprise a ferromagnetic support for supporting the coil unit, the ferromagnetic support being associated with the induction motor and/or the output drive member to form an effective magnetic linkage therewith to convey both the primary and secondary magnetic fields to the induction motor, in a manner sufficient to strengthen the rotor magnetic field.
[0039] One or more embodiments further comprise a ferromagnetic bearing and/or transfer unit for coupling the ferromagnetic support to the output drive member.
[0040] In one or more embodiments, the transfer unit includes one or more conductive bushings or brushes.
HEI ED3 App vF.doc
Last printed 12/4/2007 1 :06:00 PM [0041] In one or more embodiments, the ferromagnetic support is positioned sufficiently close to the output drive member to minimize the air gap therebetween.
[0042] In one or more embodiments, there is provided an induction motor drive system, comprising:
- an induction motor drive unit with a stator and a rotor, the rotor coupled with an output drive member, the rotor operative to generate a rotor magnetic field to interact with the stator to deliver an operative torque sufficient to rotate the output drive member;
- the output drive member including a first output drive member portion extending from the first end of the rotor and a second output drive member portion extending from a second opposed end of the rotor
a first generator rotor unit coupled to the first output drive member portion and a second generator rotor unit coupled to the second output drive member portion,
each of the first and second generator rotor units including a peripheral region with a plurality of magnetic pole sectors;
a first coil unit and a second coil unit, each coil unit having a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field, the first coil unit being located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region of the first generator unit, the second coil unit being located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region of the second generator unit;
- the induction motor being operable to deliver sufficient operative torque to the output drive member to rotate the output drive member to generate a
6
HEI ED3 App vF.doc
Last printed 12/4/2007 1:06:00 PM moving magnetic field in the presence of the first and second coil units, to generate the induced current in the winding arrangement, thereby to establish a secondary magnetic field,
the induction motor, the output drive member and/or the generator rotor unit being configured to provide an effective magnetic field linkage to guide the second magnetic field of each of the first and second coil units to the induction motor with sufficient density to strengthen the rotor magnetic field.
[0043] In one or more embodiments, there is provided a drive system comprising:
- a prime mover with an output drive member;
- a first generator rotor unit coupled to output drive member, the generator rotor unit including a peripheral region with a plurality of magnetic pole sectors;
a first coil unit with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field to form a first magnetic field and a first back EMF induced magnetic field, the first coil unit being located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region,
a second coil unit with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field to form a second magnetic field and a second back EMF induced magnetic field, the second coil unit being located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region,
- a ferromagnetic support for supporting the first and second coil units in sufficient proximity, so that the first magnetic field and the first back EMF induced magnetic field migrate into the second coil unit through the
7
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Last pπnted 12/4/2007 1:06:00 PM ferromagnetic support, and the second magnetic field and the second back EMF induced magnetic field migrate into the first coil unit through the ferromagnetic support.
[0044] One or more embodiments further comprise a second generator rotor unit coupled to the output drive member, the second generator rotor unit including a peripheral region with a plurality of magnetic pole sectors, the first and second coil units being located between the first and second rotor units.
[0045] In one or more embodiments, the ferromagnetic support forms a closed magnetic linkage.
[0046] In one or more embodiments, the ferromagnetic support is a toroid.
[0047] In one or more embodiments, there is provided a method of accelerating an induction motor drive system, comprising:
providing an induction motor drive unit with a stator and a rotor, the rotor coupled with an output drive member, the rotor operative to generate a rotor magnetic field to interact with the stator to deliver an operative torque sufficient to rotate the output drive member;
- joining a generator rotor unit to the output drive member, the generator rotor unit including a peripheral region with a plurality of alternating magnetic pole sectors;
providing a coil unit with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field,
- placing the coil unit in an operative proximity to the peripheral region,
HEI ED3 App vF.doc
Last printed 12/4/2007 1 :06:00 PM delivering power to the induction motor sufficient to deliver operative torque to the output drive member to rotate the output drive member to generate a moving magnetic field in the presence of the coil unit, to generate the induced current in the winding arrangement, thereby to establish a secondary magnetic field.
configuring the output drive member to provide a magnetic field linkage between the induction motor drive unit, the output drive member and the coil unit to guide the second magnetic field to the induction motor, to strengthen the rotor magnetic field.
[0048] In one or more embodiments, there is provided a generating device comprising:
- a motor;
- an axle of said motor projecting from at least one end of said motor;
- at least one rotor mounted on said axle;
- at least one magnetic pole mounted on said at least one rotor; and
- a coil mounted in operative proximity with said magnetic pole.
[0049] In one or more embodiments, the coil is in sufficient proximity to said rotor poles to improve the efficiency of said generating device.
[0050] In one or more embodiments, the motor is an electric induction motor.
[0051] In one or more embodiments, the device is adapted as an improved induction motor.
[0052] FIG. 1 shows a demonstration setup used to illustrate the operation of the present invention. A prime mover, in this case an induction motor 101 drives an axle 103 with attached external magnetic pole rotors 105, 107 having permanent magnets with an exposed south pole 109, 113, and an exposed north pole 111, 115. A coil 117 has its core in proximity with magnet 111, and a similar coil 119 has its core in proximity with
HEI ED3 App vF.doc
Last printed 12/4/2007 1:06:00 PM magnet 119. This orientation changes as the rotor rotates to present a north pole or a south pole to the coils 117, 119 in alternating fashion.
[0053] An insulated coupling 121 magnetically isolates rotor 107 from the axle of motor 101. In experimental testing, when induction motor 101 is operative, and a resistive load is applied to the windings of coil 119, a magnetic drag is applied to the motor according to Lenz's law, which slows it down. By contrast, when a similar resistive load is applied to the windings of coil 117, current to motor 101 decreases while its speed increases. The only difference in these two tests is the presence of the insulated coupling 121. Induced back EMF induced magnetic field flux from coil 119 will oppose rotor motion because it is magnetically isolated by insulator 121. Induced back EMF induced magnetic field flux from coil 117 does not oppose rotor motion because it is attracted to the steel of the rotor, axle, etc.
[0054] If the motor is supplying clockwise torque, the effect of coil 119 induced magnetic field will be to produce torque such that it is in the counter clockwise direction. Thus, the net torque delivered by the motor will equal the motor torque minus the torque exerted as a result of the secondary field 119, resulting in a speed decrease. Conversely, the net torque will equal the motor torque plus the torque as a result of the second field generated by coil 117, resulting in a speed increase.
[0055] In the example of coil 119, the slip angle between the rotor and the stator will be increased as the system slows down. Therefore, the stator coil will draw more current from the main supply and the power requirement of the motor will increase. In contrast, in coil 117, slip angle between the rotor and the stator will decrease, as the speed goes up, and the stator coil draw from the main supply will decrease because of the interaction between the rotor back EMF induced magnetic field and the stator coil field.
[0056] It can thus be seen that the device of figure 1 provides an induction motor drive system, comprising an induction motor drive unit with a stator 101a and a rotor 101b. The rotor is coupled with an output drive member, in this case axle 103, and the rotor is operative to generate a rotor magnetic field to interact with the stator to deliver an operative torque sufficient to rotate the output drive member. A generator rotor unit, in
10
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Last printed 12/4/2Q07 1 :06:00 PM this case provided by the rotors 105, 107, is coupled to output drive member, the generator rotor unit including a peripheral region with a plurality of magnetic pole sectors. In this example, the sectors are provided by the permanent magnets 109, 111 but may be provided in other forms, including integrally formed magnet portions, which may be regularly or irregularly distributed along the rotors 105, 107.
[0057] The coil 117 thus provides a coil unit with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field, the coil unit being located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region.
[0058] The induction motor is thus operable to deliver sufficient operative torque to the output drive member to rotate the output drive member and the generator unit to generate a moving primary magnetic field in the presence of the coil unit, to generate the induced current in the winding arrangement, thereby to establish a secondary magnetic field.
[0059] The induction motor, the output drive member and/or the generator rotor unit being configured to provide an effective magnetic field linkage to guide the second magnetic field to the induction motor with sufficient magnetic flux density to strengthen the rotor magnetic field.
[0060] In another example, the insulator 121 serves as a coupling portion located in the output drive member. In this case, the coupling portion may be operable in two operative modes. In a first mode, the coupling portion may interrupt the effective magnetic field linkage in the manner as discussed above for the insulator 121. In a second mode, the coupling portion may be operable to restore the effective magnetic field linkage along the output drive member. In this case, the actuating unit may be provided, as shown at 121a to actuate the coupling portion between the first and second modes. Further, a control unit may be provided at 121b for controlling the actuating unit under differing operating parameters.
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HEI ED3 App vF.doc
Last printed 12/4/2007 1:06:00 PM [0061] In this case, the control unit and its associated components are computer implemented and may be provided in a number of forms. They may be embodied in a software program configured to run on one or more general purpose computers, such as a personal computer, or on a single custom built computer, such as programmed logic controller (PLC) which is dedicated to the function of the system alone. The system may, alternatively, be executed on a more substantial computer mainframe. The general purpose computer may work within a network involving several general purpose computers, for example those sold under the trade names APPLE or IBM, or clones thereof, which are programmed with operating systems known by the trade names WINDOWS, LINUX or other well known or lesser known equivalents of these. The system may involve pre-programmed software using a number of possible languages or a custom designed version of a programming software sold under the trade name ACCESS or other programming software. The computer network may be a wired local area network, or a wide area network such as the Internet, or a combination of the two, with or without added security, authentication protocols, or under "peer-to-peer" or "client-server" or other networking architectures. The network may also be a wireless network or a combination of wired and wireless networks. The wireless network may operate under frequencies such as those dubbed 'radio frequency' or "RF" using protocols such as the 802.11, TCP/IP, BLUE TOOTH and the like, or other well known Internet, wireless, satellite or cell packet protocols.
[0062] Thus, in this example, the effective magnetic field linkage may be provided by:
a. an effectively short distance between the coil unit and the induction motor; b. an effectively low reluctance in the materials making up the induction motor, the output drive member and/or the generator rotor unit; c. an effectively large operative cross sectional area in the induction motor, the output drive member and/or the generator rotor unit; or d. a combination of one or more of features a) to c) above, possibly along with other factors.
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Last printed 12/4/2007 1:06:00 PM [0063] In this example, the coils 117, 119 may be configured to be active or passive. For instance, each coil unit may include a pair of winding leads which are produced to a power source, which may be an AC power source or a DC power source.
[0064] Amoung other possible operating configurations, the winding leads may be operable in a first mode, wherein the winding leads are coupled to a working load, a second mode wherein the leads are in a short circuit condition and in a third mode wherein the leads are in an open circuit condition.
[0065] In the example of figure 1, the plurality of magnetic pole sectors are provided as regularly or irregularly alternating between a north pole and a south pole. Each magnetic pole sector, in this example includes a permanent magnet positioned on the peripheral region. Alternatively, each magnetic pole sector including a magnetic portion integrally formed in the peripheral region.
[0066] The induction motor 101, in this example, may be selected from the group including, but not limited to, split phase induction, capacitor start induction motor, permanent split capacitor induction, capacitor run induction motor, shaded pole induction pole induction motor, squirrel cage induction, wound rotor induction, synchronous induction. However, other motors may also be employed in some case, including those which produce torque by the interaction of one or more magnetic fields.
[0067] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing a single coil 201. In this configuration, coil 201 is located between two rotors 105 and 107 such that the ends of the core of coil 201 are adjacent to the rotor poles 111 and 113 respectively. As the motor 101 turns axle 103 and rotor 105 and 107, the ends of the core of coil 201 are exposed to alternating north and south poles of each rotor 105 and 107. It is understood that the rotors can have a plurality of magnetic poles of alternating polarity. The induced back EMF induced magnetic field 205 does not oppose the rotor motion. This interaction of magnetic fields and guiding the induced back EMF induced magnetic field improves the efficiency of the power device illustrated here by an induction motor powered generator.
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Last printed 12/4/2007 1 :06:00 PM [0068] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing alternate coil placements. Rotor 107 is optional. Coil 201 can be used singly or similar additional coils such as coil 301 can be used to enhance the effect. One or more coils 117 can be mounted oriented away from the motor 101 as long as the core of coil 117 is proximate to the rotor poles 111. A toroidal core 307 having coils 303 and 305 can be mounted proximate to the rotor poles 109. A toroidal core coil assembly can have added advantages of diverting back EMF induced magnetic field flux from coil 303 into coil 305 and back EMF induced magnetic field flux from coil 305 into coil 303.
[0069] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing multiple coil placements. Coil 117 is mounted with its core proximate to the rotor pole 111. Additional coils such as coil 401 can be similarly mounted to enhance the effect.
[0070] FIG. 5 illustrates a variation over FIG. 4 in which the cores of coils 117 and 401 are linked by bar 501 so as to provide a low reluctance flux path between them.
[0071] FIG. 6 is an isometric view of an exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing linked multiple coil placements. The rotor 105 is shown having six magnetic poles having permanent magnets of alternating polarity around the circumference. As shown in the figures described above, pole 109 presents a south pole and pole 111 presents a north pole. The rotor 105 can contain more or fewer such magnetic rotor poles. In the illustrated embodiment, linked coil pairs 601, 603, 605 have coils linked by a bar similar to that shown in FIG. 5. The linked coil pairs are mounted such that the core of a first coil is proximate a north rotor pole and the core of a second linked coil is proximate to a south rotor pole adjacent to the north rotor pole.
[0072] FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative exemplary embodiment of an improved power device of the present invention showing a second rotor 701 in addition to the rotor 105. Coil 117 is mounted between the rotor poles of rotors 105 and 701 such that a first end of the core of coil 117 is proximate a north pole on one rotor and the other end of the core of coil 117 is proximate a south pole on the other rotor. Coil 117 can be augmented
14
HEI ED3 App vF.doc
Last printed 12/4/2007 1:06:00 PM with or replaced by toroidal core coil assembly 307, 303, 305. Toroidal core is mounted so as to be proximate to poles from both rotor 105 and 701.
[0073] It will be noted that coil 117 is operative to produce a secondary magnetic field according to Lenz' law. Coils 303 and 305 are set on a toroid 307 of a ferromagnetic core material, such that both coils 303, 305 produce back EMF induced magnetic fields, but their induced magnetic fields do not enter the air gap between the toroid 307 and the adjacent magnet 109, 111 as explained by Lenz' law (assuming the core material is not saturated). Instead, the back EMF induced magnetic field provided by coil 303 is trapped within core material 307 and enters coil 305. This occurs because of the reluctance in the core material which is lower than that of the air and the magnetic flux will travel through a region of least reluctance. So when the back EMF induced magnetic field of coil 303 enters coil 305, in the same direction as that supplied by the rotating magnetic field, the two fields in coil 305 are additive.
[0074] Similarly, the back EMF induced magnetic field of coil 305 enters coil 303. Since no magnetic field enters the air gap (assuming the core material is not saturated), there is no acceleration or deceleration of the induction motor 101 prime mover and the amount of power taken from the coils does not affect the power supplied to the prime mover motor and up to the point of saturation of the core material.
[0075] Once the coil material is saturated, the magnetic flux will enter the air gap and influence motor speed. If core 307 becomes saturated and the motor is magnetically coupled as shown in figure 7, the system will accelerate. If, however, the motor is magnetically isolated by the use of an insulated coupling 121 (in the left hand configuration as shown in figure 1), the system will slow down in the same manner as the left hand configuration on left side of figure 1.
[0076] It will be understood that the ferromagnetic distance between the generator and the induction motor and the ferromagnetic reluctance of the components forming a magnetic flux linkage therebetween is sufficiently low such that the flux magnitude produced by the generator is not unduly impeded in its travel along the magnetic flux linkage. For example, the drive shaft may be formed with drive shaft steel with
15
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Last printed 12/4/2007 1:06:00 PM relatively low reluctance. In addition, the motor may be operated at a higher initial speed to induce enough initial voltage in the coils to induce current and thus the secondary magnetic field. Alternatively, the number of turns in the windings of the coil may be increased to induce a higher voltage.
[0077] If the motor is placed on a base that has a large amount of ferromagnetic material, this will have an effect of lowering the reluctance through the magnetic connection. The load on the generator will affect the amount of back EMF induced magnetic field induced by the generator. For example, an open circuit "no-load" condition has no effect, since there is no current flowing through the generator coils and thus no back EMF induced magnetic field. Alternatively, a short circuited coil will produce the maximum current through the winding and the maximum back EMF induced magnetic field around the generator coils. Thus, the loading of the coil will determine the magnitude of the field around the coil.
[0078] Thus, a short circuit, using left hand configuration of figure 1 with coil 119, will act to decelerate the prime mover, which may be utilized, for instance, in vehicle braking. Alternatively, a short circuit, using the right hand configuration of figure 1 with coil 117, will act to accelerate the prime mover, which may be useful, in some cases, for acceleration. The load variations between an open circuit (zero current) and a short circuit (maximum current) thus provide a variable operational range.
[0079] The insulated coupling 121 may be provided as a brass coupler, among other possible examples, and functions to provide an air gap, or an equivalent high reluctance barrier, to prevent, or at least minimize, the presence of magnetic flux from the coil 119 in the motor 101. However, for this function to occur correctly, the reluctance of the coupling 121 must be selected taking into consideration the maximum induced current that is available in the coil 119. If the magnitude of the induced current in coil in 119 is sufficiently high, for instance, and the reluctance of insulated coupling 121 is not properly selected, the magnetic field produced by the coil 119 may have the „ availability to jump across the air gap. Were this to occur, an intended deceleration may result in an acceleration of the motor.
16
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Last printed 12/4/2007 1:06:00 PM [0080] A particular feature of the device is the provision of a magnetic field linkage whose characteristics are sufficient to convey the magnetic flux of the secondary magnetic field at sufficiently high density as it arrives at the prime mover to provide an additive effect on the rotor field. The higher the additive effect, the greater the increase in rotor field, the greater the torque and the greater the acceleration. This will be influenced by a number of factors, including the reluctance of the components providing the magnetic flux linkage, their dimensions, orientation and continuity relative to the location of the prime mover. For instance, the higher the cross sectional of the components providing the magnetic flux linkage, the greater the density and effectiveness of the arriving flux. If the components making up the magnetic flux linkage provide a circuitous flux path, the resulting density of the arriving flux will be lower than if the components making up the flux linkage are, for instance, in a single axial orientation. If the components by their manufacture have discontinuities, such as sharp dimensional transitions or holes formed in their shafts, such discontinues may in some cases have a reducing effect on the density of the arriving magnetic flux.
[0081] For instance, the greater the distance of the region of origin of the secondary magnetic field to the prime mover, the lower the density of the arriving magnetic flux. The higher the reluctance of the components providing the magnetic flux linkage, the lower the density of the arriving magnetic flux.
[0082] If the aim is to produce breaking, it is vital that that the reluctance in insulator 121 is sufficient to impede the resulting secondary magnetic field being produced by the coil 119 in its braking mode, that is to prevent the secondary magnetic field from "jumping" the resulting barrier and extending into the prime mover. Doing so would risk an unintended acceleration.
[0083] Figure 8 illustrates still another alternative exemplary embodiment of an improved power device, showing an induction motor with an output drive coupled to a rotor, the rotor providing the alternating permanent magnets as in the earlier embodiments. In this case, a coil 117 is supported between the induction motor 101 and the rotor 105 by way of a ferromagnetic support member 802 which is joined to the
17
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Last printed 12/4/2007 1 :06:00 PM output drive shaft by way of a ferromagnetic bearing 804. In this configuration, the ferromagnetic support member 802, together with the coil 117, the output shaft member 103 and the rotor 105 provides a circuit for the primary magnetic field flux, independent of any secondary magnetic field produced by the coil. Thus, in this configuration, the components providing the magnetic flux linkage may be configured so that the primary magnetic field flux may be present in the induction motor at densities sufficient to provide an additive effect on the rotor field. Further, when the coil is under load, the coil will in turn produce a secondary magnetic field which may also be sufficient to be present in the induction motor to have another additive effect on the rotor field.
[0084] Thus, the example of figure 8 provides a ferromagnetic support 802 for supporting the coil unit. The ferromagnetic support 802 is thus associated with the induction motor and/or the output drive member to form an effective magnetic linkage therewith to convey both the primary and secondary magnetic fields to the induction motor, in a manner sufficient to strengthen the rotor magnetic field.
[0085] In this example, a ferromagnetic bearing 804 and/or transfer unit couples the ferromagnetic support to the output drive member. The transfer unit may thus include one or more conductive bushings or brushes. Alternatively, the ferromagnetic support may be positioned sufficiently close to the output drive member to minimize the air gap therebetween.
[0086] Figure 9 illustrates yet another alternative exemplary embodiment an improved power device, showing an induction motor with an output drive coupled to a rotor, the rotor providing the alternating permanent magnets as in the earlier embodiments. In this case, a drive system is provided with a prime mover with an output drive member. A first generator rotor unit 105 coupled to output drive member. The first generator rotor unit 105 includes a peripheral region with a plurality of magnetic pole sectors. A first coil unit 117a is provided with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field to form a first magnetic field and a first back EMF
18
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Last pπnted 12/4/2007 1:06:00 PM induced magnetic field. In this case, the first coil unit is located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region.
[0087] A second coil unit 117b is also provided with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field to form a second magnetic field and a second back EFM field. Similarly, the second coil unit 117b is located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region.
[0088] A ferromagnetic support 902 is also provided supporting the first and second coil units in sufficient proximity, so that the first magnetic field and the first back EMF induced magnetic field migrate into the second coil 117b unit through the ferromagnetic support, and the second magnetic field and the second back EMF induced magnetic field migrate into the first coil unit 117a through the ferromagnetic support 902.
[0089] In another example, the coupling 121 of figure 1, is capable of two operative modes, the first in which the actuator is provided to actuate the insulated coupling so that, in one operative mode, the actuator may operate the generator load as a motor speed control.
[0090] Generally, the number of poles on the rotor should dictate the performance of the overall system. If the poles are widely distributed (thus with a relatively low pole density), for instance, the acceleration will not be as high as if they are closely distributed (thus with a relatively high pole density). Thus, as the number of pole sectors on the rotor increases, so will the acceleration, with all other factors being equal.
[0091] Figure 10 is a schematic representation of a cross section of the rotor in the induction motor with the distribution of the north and south poles through the main body of the rotor and opposed output drive member portions. Figure 10 also illustrates the magnetic field migration paths into the air beyond the end regions of the opposed drive member portions. The symbol Br denotes the magnetic field strength present at the opposed ends.
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Last printed 12/4/2007 1:06:00 PM [0092] Figure 11 illustrates an exterior magnetic field being introduced and it shows how the rotor magnetic field strength can be strengthened by an additive effect of an exterior magnetic field. In other words, the presence of an additive effect at one end region will generate a corresponding additive effect at the opposite end portion, the magnitude of which will depend on the reluctance therebetween. The orientation of the magnet is not critical to this function and will function similarly if the south pole is adjane the end region of the rotor.
[0093] Figure 12 illustrates graphically a range of operating conditions of several examples herein discussed. The vertical axis represents the rotational speed of the output drive member while the horizontal axis represents either the time interval between switching and applying the load to the generator. The origin of the horizontal axis signifies the conditions of an open circuit, effectively with infinite resistance. The plots are illustrated as linear plots for illustration purposes only and will invariably be nonlinear given the non-linear relation between the several factors influencing the performance of the machine. It should be understood that as the motor operates it will generate heat which will have a negative effective effect on the efficiency of the motor.
[0094] The dashed line presented by 1, illustrates a plot corresponding to the example utilizing coil 119 in figure 1. Engaging a resistance at time A will produce a resulting decrease in drive member speed. The angle of speed reduction is dependent on the magnitude of load and of pole density on the peripheral region. The pole density is determined, in the particular example of rotor 113, by the number of magnetic sectors distributed along the peripheral region of the rotor. The lower the number of magnetic sectors, the lower the density. The lower the density, the lower the slope of plot 1 (that is approaching the horizontal). It will be noted that the magnetic sectors in the example of figure 1 are provided by permanent magnets 113, 115.
[0095] It will be noted that each of the three plots are originating at different initial no load speeds. These different speeds are arbitrary for the purposes of this illustration.
[0096] Plot 1 demonstrates a first steady condition over an operating time period from 0 to A. Plot 1 slopes downwardly beyond time A and the slope is dictated by an effective
20
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Last printed 12/4/2007 1 '06:00 PM load formed by a number of factors including, but not limited to, the load resistance on the generator, the magnetic field density on the rotor, the number of coil units present on the generator and/or the angular inertia of the various components of the device. The solid line hatching demonstrates an arbitrary range of plots of speed over time for progressively higher effective loads in the direction of arrow a) way from plot 1. In other words, with increasing effective load, the deceleration of the output drive member increases in the direction of arrow a) toward a stall condition as the speed reaches zero.
[0097] Plot IA demonstrates a steady state condition in which the motor torque has balanced the effective load exerted on the device by the generator. In this case, there is no stall condition. The steady state operating speed thus is decreased in the direction of arrow b) away from plot IA with increasing effective load.
[0098] The chain dotted line represented by plot 2, illustrates a plot corresponding to the example utilizing coil 117 in figure 1. As with plot 1, plot 2 demonstrates a first steady condition over an operating time period from 0 to A.
[0099] However, plot 2 slopes upwardly beyond time A when the coil 117 is placed under load. Again, the upward slope is dictated by the effective load, in this case the steeper the slope, the greater the effective load. Thus, the line hatching demonstrates an arbitrary range of plots of speed over time for progressively higher effective loads in the direction of arrow c) away from plot 2. For instance, it would be expected that the coil arrangement of figure 6 would result is a higher slope to plot 2, all other variables being constant. In other words, with increasing effective load, the acceleration of the output drive member increases in the direction of arrow b) toward a higher speed limit, not shown, which will depend on a number of factors including, but not limited to, motor input line frequency, rotor core saturation parameters.
[00100] Plot 3 represents a steady state condition over an operating time period from time 0 to time A. Plot 3 does remain at the steady state level beyond time A following the application of load and is representative of the configuration of figure 9. The plot does not illustrate the effect that other variables may play on the speed of the
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Last printed 12/4/2007 1 :06:00 PM device, such as the effect of core saturation in the toroid shown in figure 9, or when magnetic coupling is established between the output drive and the motor.
[00101] The embodiment(s) of the invention described above is(are) intended to be exemplary only. The scope of the invention is therefore intended to be limited solely by the scope of the appended claims.
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Claims

WE CLAIM:
1. An induction motor drive system, comprising:
an induction motor drive unit with a stator and a rotor, the rotor coupled with an output drive member, the rotor operative to generate a rotor magnetic field to interact with the stator to deliver an operative torque sufficient to rotate the output drive member;
a generator rotor unit coupled to output drive member, the generator rotor unit including a peripheral region with a plurality of magnetic pole sectors;
a coil unit with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field, the coil unit being located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region,
- the induction motor being operable to deliver sufficient operative torque to the output drive member to rotate the output drive member and the generator unit to generate a moving primary magnetic field in the presence of the coil unit, to generate the induced current in the winding arrangement, thereby to establish a secondary magnetic field,
- the induction motor, the output drive member and/or the generator rotor unit being configured to provide an effective magnetic field linkage to guide the second magnetic field to the induction motor with sufficient magnetic flux density to strengthen the rotor magnetic field.
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2. A system as defined claim 1, further comprising a coupling portion located in the output drive member, the coupling portion being operable in a first mode to interrupt the effective magnetic field linkage.
3. A system as defined in claim 2, the coupling portion being operable in a second mode to restore the effective magnetic field linkage.
4. A system as defined in claim 3, further comprising an actuating unit to actuate the coupling portion between the first and second modes.
5. A system as defined in claim 4, further comprising a control unit for controlling the actuating unit under differing operating parameters.
6. A system as defined in claim 1, the effective magnetic field linkage being provided by an effectively short distance between the coil unit and the induction motor.
7. A system as defined in claim 1, the effective magnetic field linkage being provided by an effectively low reluctance in the materials making up the induction motor, the output drive member and/or the generator rotor unit.
8. A system as defined in claim 3, the effective magnetic field linkage being provided an effectively large operative cross sectional area in the induction motor, the output drive member and/or the generator rotor unit.
9. A system as defined in claim 1, the coil unit being configured to be active or passive.
10. A system as defined in claim 9, the coil unit including a pair of winding leads which are coupled to a power source.
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11. A system as defined in claim 10, the power source being an AC power source.
12. A system as defined in claim 10, the power source being a DC power source.
13. A system as defined in claim 9, the coil unit including a pair of winding leads which are attachable to a load.
14. A system as defined in claim 9, the coil unit including a pair of winding leads which are operable in a first mode wherein the winding leads are coupled to a working load, a second mode wherein the leads are in a short circuit condition and in a third mode wherein the leads are in an open circuit condition.
15. A system as defined in claim 1 , the plurality of magnetic pole sectors regularly or irregularly alternating between a north pole and a south pole, or being provided by one or more unipolar pole sectors.
16. A system as defined in claim 1, each magnetic pole sector including a permanent magnet positioned on the peripheral region.
17. A system as defined in claim 1, each magnetic pole sector including a magnetic portion integrally formed in the peripheral region.
18. A system as defined in claim 1, further comprising a ferromagnetic support for supporting the coil unit, the ferromagnetic support being associated with the induction motor and/or the output drive member to form an effective magnetic linkage therewith to convey both the primary and secondary magnetic fields to the induction motor, in a manner sufficient to strengthen the rotor magnetic field.
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19. A system as defined in claim 18, further comprising a ferromagnetic bearing and/or transfer unit for coupling the ferromagnetic support to the output drive member.
20. A system as defined in claim 19, the transfer unit including one or more conductive bushings or brushes.
21. A system as defined in claim 18, the ferromagnetic support being positioned sufficiently close to the output drive member to minimize the air gap therebetween.
22. An induction motor drive system, comprising:
- an induction motor drive unit with a stator and a rotor, the rotor coupled with an output drive member, the rotor operative to generate a rotor magnetic field to interact with the stator to deliver an operative torque sufficient to rotate the output drive member;
- the output drive member including a first output drive member portion extending from the first end of the rotor and a second output drive member portion extending from a second opposed end of the rotor
a first generator rotor unit coupled to the first output drive member portion and a second generator rotor unit coupled to the second output drive member portion,
each of the first and second generator rotor units including a peripheral region with a plurality of magnetic pole sectors;
a first coil unit and a second coil unit, each coil unit having a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an
26
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Last printed 12/4/2007 1 :06:00 PM induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field, the first coil unit being located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region of the first generator unit, the second coil unit being located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region of the second generator unit;
- the induction motor being operable to deliver sufficient operative torque to the output drive member to rotate the output drive member to generate a moving magnetic field in the presence of the first and second coil units, to generate the induced current in the winding arrangement, thereby to establish a secondary magnetic field,
- the induction motor, the output drive member and/or the generator rotor unit being configured to provide an effective magnetic field linkage to guide the second magnetic field of each of the first and second coil units to the induction motor with sufficient density to strengthen the rotor magnetic field.
23. A drive system comprising:
a prime mover with an output drive member;
- a first generator rotor unit coupled to output drive member, the generator rotor unit including a peripheral region with a plurality of magnetic pole sectors;
a first coil unit with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field to form a first magnetic field and a first back EMF induced magnetic field, the first coil unit being located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region,
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Last printed 12/4/2007 1 :06:00 PM a second coil unit with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field to form a second magnetic field and a second back EMF induced magnetic field, the second coil unit being located in an operative proximity to the peripheral region,
- a ferromagnetic support for supporting the first and second coil units in sufficient proximity, so that the first magnetic field and the first back EMF induced magnetic field migrate into the second coil unit through the ferromagnetic support, and the second magnetic field and the second back EMF induced magnetic field migrate into the first coil unit through the ferromagnetic support.
24. A system as defined in claim 23, further comprising a second generator rotor unit coupled to the output drive member, the second generator rotor unit including a peripheral region with a plurality of magnetic pole sectors, the first and second coil units being located between the first and second rotor units.
25. A system as defined in claim 23, the ferromagnetic support forming a closed magnetic linkage.
26. A system as defined in claim 23, the ferromagnetic support being a toroid.
27. A method of accelerating an induction motor drive system, comprising:
- providing an induction motor drive unit with a stator and a rotor, the rotor coupled with an output drive member, the rotor operative to generate a rotor magnetic field to interact with the stator to deliver an operative torque sufficient to rotate the output drive member;
28
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Last pπnted 12/4/2007 1 :06:00 PM joining a generator rotor unit to the output drive member, the generator rotor unit including a peripheral region with a plurality of alternating magnetic pole sectors;
- providing a coil unit with a conductive winding arrangement which is capable of carrying an induced current at an induced voltage level therein in the presence of a moving primary magnetic field,
placing the coil unit in an operative proximity to the peripheral region,
delivering power to the induction motor sufficient to deliver operative torque to the output drive member to rotate the output drive member to generate a moving magnetic field in the presence of the coil unit, to generate the induced current in the winding arrangement, thereby to establish a secondary magnetic field.
- configuring the output drive member to provide a magnetic field linkage between the induction motor drive unit, the output drive member and the coil unit to guide the second magnetic field to the induction motor, to strengthen the rotor magnetic field.
28. A generating device comprising:
- a motor;
- an axle of said motor projecting from at least one end of said motor;
- at least one rotor mounted on said axle;
- at least one magnetic pole mounted on said at least one rotor; and
- a coil mounted in operative proximity with said magnetic pole.
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29. A generating device as claimed in claim 28, wherein said coil is in sufficient proximity to said rotor poles to improve the efficiency of said generating device.
30. A generating device as claimed in claim 28, wherein said motor is an electric induction motor.
31. A generating device as claimed in claim 28, wherein said device is adapted as an improved induction motor.
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PCT/CA2007/002170 2006-12-04 2007-12-04 Power device for improving the efficiency of an induction motor WO2008067649A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US86847406P 2006-12-04 2006-12-04
US60/868,474 2006-12-04

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010071779A1 (en) 2008-12-15 2010-06-24 Johnathan Goodwin High performance and improved efficiency electric vehicle and methods of production
US20140111054A1 (en) * 2012-10-24 2014-04-24 Thane C. Heins Generator and Improved Coil Therefor Having Electrodynamic Properties
US11081996B2 (en) 2017-05-23 2021-08-03 Dpm Technologies Inc. Variable coil configuration system control, apparatus and method
US11708005B2 (en) 2021-05-04 2023-07-25 Exro Technologies Inc. Systems and methods for individual control of a plurality of battery cells
US11722026B2 (en) 2019-04-23 2023-08-08 Dpm Technologies Inc. Fault tolerant rotating electric machine
US11967913B2 (en) 2021-05-13 2024-04-23 Exro Technologies Inc. Method and apparatus to drive coils of a multiphase electric machine

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5587647A (en) * 1995-06-30 1996-12-24 Sundstrand Corporation Dual output synchronous-induction starting/generating system
US6462429B1 (en) * 2000-02-24 2002-10-08 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Induction motor/generator system
US20050012409A1 (en) * 2003-07-17 2005-01-20 Jeumont S.A. Device for cooling and electrical machine, in particular a synchronous electrical machine having permanent magnets

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5587647A (en) * 1995-06-30 1996-12-24 Sundstrand Corporation Dual output synchronous-induction starting/generating system
US6462429B1 (en) * 2000-02-24 2002-10-08 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Induction motor/generator system
US20050012409A1 (en) * 2003-07-17 2005-01-20 Jeumont S.A. Device for cooling and electrical machine, in particular a synchronous electrical machine having permanent magnets

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010071779A1 (en) 2008-12-15 2010-06-24 Johnathan Goodwin High performance and improved efficiency electric vehicle and methods of production
US20140111054A1 (en) * 2012-10-24 2014-04-24 Thane C. Heins Generator and Improved Coil Therefor Having Electrodynamic Properties
US10103591B2 (en) * 2012-10-24 2018-10-16 Thane C. Heins Generator and improved coil therefor having electrodynamic properties
US11081996B2 (en) 2017-05-23 2021-08-03 Dpm Technologies Inc. Variable coil configuration system control, apparatus and method
US11722026B2 (en) 2019-04-23 2023-08-08 Dpm Technologies Inc. Fault tolerant rotating electric machine
US11708005B2 (en) 2021-05-04 2023-07-25 Exro Technologies Inc. Systems and methods for individual control of a plurality of battery cells
US11967913B2 (en) 2021-05-13 2024-04-23 Exro Technologies Inc. Method and apparatus to drive coils of a multiphase electric machine

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