US20010013767A1 - Discharge circuit and duty ratio setting method - Google Patents
Discharge circuit and duty ratio setting method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20010013767A1 US20010013767A1 US09/781,135 US78113501A US2001013767A1 US 20010013767 A1 US20010013767 A1 US 20010013767A1 US 78113501 A US78113501 A US 78113501A US 2001013767 A1 US2001013767 A1 US 2001013767A1
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- Prior art keywords
- duty ratio
- batteries
- converter
- battery
- capacities
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0025—Sequential battery discharge in systems with a plurality of batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a discharge circuit and a duty ratio setting method.
- the conventional discharge circuits shown in FIG. 4 comprises a battery 4 and a battery 5 , which have the same characteristics, and a data processing apparatus 8 which comprises a DC/DC converter 3 , a switching element 9 connected to the DC/DC converter 3 , and a unit load 7 .
- the present invention seeks to solve the problems associated with the prior art described above. It is an object of the present invention to provide a discharge circuit and a control method of discharging that allow a plurality of batteries a simultaneous discharging regardless of their battery voltages. Other objects of the present invention will become apparent from the entire disclosure.
- a discharge circuit comprising at least two batteries, a plurality of switching elements connected to the batteries, and a DC/DC (Direct Current/Direct Current) converter controlling ON/OFF states of the plurality of switching elements, wherein a duty ratio setting unit is connected to the DC/DC converter, the duty ratio setting unit checking capacities of the batteries, calculating a duty ratio based on a battery capacity ratio calculated from the capacities of the batteries to determine a switching timing in which the plurality of switching elements are to be switched, and setting the duty ratio in the DC/DC converter.
- DC/DC Direct Current/Direct Current
- the discharge circuit with this configuration sets the duty ratio in the DC/DC converter based on the battery capacity ratio calculated from the capacities of the batteries. Therefore, the batteries are simultaneously discharged regardless of their voltages, and the plurality of batteries may be used up at the same time.
- a discharge circuit wherein the duty ratio setting unit checks remaining capacities of the batteries, calculates a new duty ratio based on the battery capacity ratio calculated from the remaining capacities, and updates the duty ratio set in the DC/DC converter.
- the duty ratio may be changed based on the capacity ratio. Therefore, it is assured that the batteries are simultaneously discharged regardless of their voltages, and the plurality of batteries may be used up at the same time.
- a duty ratio setting method comprising the steps of: detecting capacities of at least two batteries; calculating a battery capacity ratio from the battery capacities followed by calculating, based on the battery capacity ratio, a duty ratio which determines a switching timing in which a plurality of switching elements connected to the batteries are to be switched; and transmitting the duty ratio to a DC/DC converter as a signal to set the duty ratio in the DC/DC converter.
- the duty ratio setting method further comprises the steps of: checking remaining capacities of the batteries when the battery capacity ratio varies caused by discharge of the batteries; calculating a remaining capacity ratio between the batteries based on the remaining capacities of the batteries to calculate a new duty ratio from the remaining capacity ratio of the batteries; and transmitting the calculated new duty ratio to the DC/DC converter as a signal to change the duty ratio that is set in the DC/DC converter.
- the program product is carried by a medium, typically a recording medium, which, however, includes a static/non-static or dynamic medium, also including a carrier wave carrying the program via transmission lines or networks.
- a medium typically a recording medium, which, however, includes a static/non-static or dynamic medium, also including a carrier wave carrying the program via transmission lines or networks.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a discharge circuit used in a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the discharge circuit used in the fist embodiment of the present invention has a data processing apparatus 8 comprising a DC/DC converter 3 controlling a switching element 1 and a switching element 2 to convert the DC voltage, a battery controller 6 connected to the DC/DC converter 3 and to a battery 4 and a battery 5 , and a unit load 7 .
- the battery 4 and the battery 5 supply power to the data processing apparatus 8 .
- the battery 4 is connected to the switching element 1 and the battery 5 to the switching element 2 .
- the duties of the switching element 1 the switching element 2 , which control the ON/OFF state of those switching elements, are set in the DC/DC converter 3 .
- the duty is defined as a ratio between the period of time during which a switching element is on and the period of time during which the switching element is off.
- the battery controller 6 checks (i.e., periodically detects) the capacities of the battery 4 and the battery 5 and, based on the ratio between the capacity of the battery 4 and that of the battery 5 , calculates the duty ratio ensuring an optimum discharge of the battery 4 and the battery 5 .
- the optimum discharge refers to the discharge of the battery 4 and the battery 5 such that both batteries will be exhausted at the same time.
- the calculated duty ratio is input to the DC/DC converter 3 as a duty ratio control signal.
- the duty ratio entered as the duty ratio control signal is used to set the duty ratio in the DC/DC converter 3 .
- the duty ratio control signal may be input as an analog signal or a digital signal.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the control timing of the switching element 1 and the switching element 2 , which are controlled by the DC/DC converter 3 .
- a period of time starting from period A to period D shown in FIG. 2 represents a cycle period of the DC/DC converter 3 , while a period of time from period A to period C is a control timing period of the switching element 1 and the switching element 2 .
- the period lengths are even.
- the battery controller 6 checks (periodically detects) the capacities of the battery 4 and the battery 5 and calculates the capacity ratio between the battery 4 and the battery 5 . Based on the calculated capacity ratio, the controller calculates a duty ratio and generates a duty ratio control signal indicating the duty ratio. The generated duty ratio control signal is output to the DC/DC converter 3 . Then, the DC/DC converter 3 sets the duty ratio based on the received duty ratio control signal to control the switching element 1 and the switching element 2 according to the duty ratio. To control the switching element 1 and the switching element 2 is to control the ON/OFF states of the switching element 1 and the switching element 2 .
- the switching element 1 and the switching element 2 repeat the operation, from period A to period D, under control of the DC/DC converter 3 .
- the battery controller 6 immediately calculates the remaining capacity ratio from the remaining capacities of the battery 4 and the battery 5 .
- the battery controller calculates a new duty ratio based on the ratio of the remaining capacities and sends the new duty ratio to the DC/DC converter 3 . In this way, the old duty ratio set in the DC/DC converter 3 is replaced (undated) by the new duty ratio.
- the battery 4 and the battery 5 i.e., two batteries are used for the battery simultaneous discharge circuit in this embodiment, three or more batteries may also be used.
- a switching element is connected to each battery.
- the duty ratio which is set in the DC/DC converter 3 for controlling each of these switching elements, is determined by the ratio of battery capacities of those three or more batteries. The capacity ratio may also be used as the duty ratio.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a discharge circuit and a duty ratio setting method.
- Conventionally, a multiple-battery power supply method used for a data processing apparatus (or unit) supplies power simultaneously from a plurality of batteries with the same characteristics.
- Referring to FIG. 4, a discharge circuit using the conventional power supply method will be described.
- The conventional discharge circuits shown in FIG. 4 comprises a
battery 4 and abattery 5, which have the same characteristics, and adata processing apparatus 8 which comprises a DC/DC converter 3, a switching element 9 connected to the DC/DC converter 3, and aunit load 7. - Turning on the switching element of the conventional discharge circuit with the configuration described above causes the
battery 4 and thebattery 5 to discharge simultaneously, this configuration can decrease the discharge rate of each battery and increase battery efficiency. - However, various problems have been encountered in the art in the course of investigations toward the present invention. That is, if a plurality of batteries, each with its own characteristics, is connected to the conventional discharge circuit described above, the battery with the highest voltage discharges first. Therefore, the discharge ratio between the
battery 4 and thebattery 5 depends on the voltage characteristics. That is, thebattery 4 or thebattery 5, whichever is higher in voltage, discharges first. As a result, the problem with the conventional circuit is that the battery with the highest voltage loses its capacity first and, after that, the battery with the lowest voltage is subjected to discharge alone. - Therefore, the conventional discharge circuit does not make the best use of simultaneous discharging, and during discharging, the remaining battery capacity varies among batteries.
- The present invention seeks to solve the problems associated with the prior art described above. It is an object of the present invention to provide a discharge circuit and a control method of discharging that allow a plurality of batteries a simultaneous discharging regardless of their battery voltages. Other objects of the present invention will become apparent from the entire disclosure.
- According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a discharge circuit comprising at least two batteries, a plurality of switching elements connected to the batteries, and a DC/DC (Direct Current/Direct Current) converter controlling ON/OFF states of the plurality of switching elements, wherein a duty ratio setting unit is connected to the DC/DC converter, the duty ratio setting unit checking capacities of the batteries, calculating a duty ratio based on a battery capacity ratio calculated from the capacities of the batteries to determine a switching timing in which the plurality of switching elements are to be switched, and setting the duty ratio in the DC/DC converter.
- The discharge circuit with this configuration sets the duty ratio in the DC/DC converter based on the battery capacity ratio calculated from the capacities of the batteries. Therefore, the batteries are simultaneously discharged regardless of their voltages, and the plurality of batteries may be used up at the same time.
- According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a discharge circuit, wherein the duty ratio setting unit checks remaining capacities of the batteries, calculates a new duty ratio based on the battery capacity ratio calculated from the remaining capacities, and updates the duty ratio set in the DC/DC converter.
- In accordance with the second aspect, the duty ratio may be changed based on the capacity ratio. Therefore, it is assured that the batteries are simultaneously discharged regardless of their voltages, and the plurality of batteries may be used up at the same time.
- According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provide a duty ratio setting method comprising the steps of: detecting capacities of at least two batteries; calculating a battery capacity ratio from the battery capacities followed by calculating, based on the battery capacity ratio, a duty ratio which determines a switching timing in which a plurality of switching elements connected to the batteries are to be switched; and transmitting the duty ratio to a DC/DC converter as a signal to set the duty ratio in the DC/DC converter.
- In accordance with the duty ratio setting method comprising those steps, the duty ratio based on the battery capacity ratio calculated from the capacities of the batteries may be set (and undated) in the DC/DC converter. Therefore, the batteries may be simultaneously discharged regardless of their voltages, and the plurality of batteries may be used up at the same time.
- According to fourth aspect of the present invention, the duty ratio setting method further comprises the steps of: checking remaining capacities of the batteries when the battery capacity ratio varies caused by discharge of the batteries; calculating a remaining capacity ratio between the batteries based on the remaining capacities of the batteries to calculate a new duty ratio from the remaining capacity ratio of the batteries; and transmitting the calculated new duty ratio to the DC/DC converter as a signal to change the duty ratio that is set in the DC/DC converter.
- In accordance with the duty ratio setting method of the fourth aspect, the new duty ratio based on the remaining capacity ratio calculated from the capacities of the batteries is set in the DC/DC converter to change (update) the old duty ratio. Therefore, the batteries may be simultaneously discharged regardless of their voltages, and the plurality of batteries may be used up at the same time.
- According to a fifth aspect, there is provided a computer readable program product which sets a duty ratio, the program causing a processor to check capacities of at least two batteries; calculate a duty ratio which determines a switching timing in which a plurality of switching elements connected to the batteries are to be switched; and send the duty ratio to a DC/DC converter as a signal to set the duty ratio in the DC/DC converter.
- The duty ratio setting program comprising those steps sets the duty ratio, which is based on the capacity ratio of the batteries calculated from the capacities of the batteries, in the DC/DC converter. Therefore, the batteries may be simultaneously discharged regardless of their voltages, and the plurality of batteries may be used up at the same time.
- The program product is carried by a medium, typically a recording medium, which, however, includes a static/non-static or dynamic medium, also including a carrier wave carrying the program via transmission lines or networks.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a first embodiment of a discharge circuit according to the Present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a timing in which a DC/DC converter in the first embodiment of the present invention controls switching operation.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of another embodiment of the first embodiment of the discharge circuit according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of a conventional discharge circuit.
- A simultaneous discharge circuit and a simultaneous battery discharge method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a discharge circuit used in a first embodiment of the present invention.
- The discharge circuit used in the fist embodiment of the present invention has a
data processing apparatus 8 comprising a DC/DC converter 3 controlling aswitching element 1 and aswitching element 2 to convert the DC voltage, abattery controller 6 connected to the DC/DC converter 3 and to abattery 4 and abattery 5, and aunit load 7. Thebattery 4 and thebattery 5 supply power to thedata processing apparatus 8. Thebattery 4 is connected to theswitching element 1 and thebattery 5 to theswitching element 2. - The duties of the
switching element 1 theswitching element 2, which control the ON/OFF state of those switching elements, are set in the DC/DC converter 3. The duty is defined as a ratio between the period of time during which a switching element is on and the period of time during which the switching element is off. - In addition, a duty ratio that determines a timing in which the
switching element 1 and theswitching element 2 are switched is also set in the DC/DC converter 3. In other words, the duty ratio is a ratio between a duty of theswitching element 1 connected to thebattery 4 and a duty of theswitching element 2 connected to thebattery 5. - The
battery controller 6 checks (i.e., periodically detects) the capacities of thebattery 4 and thebattery 5 and, based on the ratio between the capacity of thebattery 4 and that of thebattery 5, calculates the duty ratio ensuring an optimum discharge of thebattery 4 and thebattery 5. The optimum discharge refers to the discharge of thebattery 4 and thebattery 5 such that both batteries will be exhausted at the same time. - The calculated duty ratio is input to the DC/
DC converter 3 as a duty ratio control signal. The duty ratio entered as the duty ratio control signal is used to set the duty ratio in the DC/DC converter 3. - The duty ratio control signal may be input as an analog signal or a digital signal.
- Next, the operation of the battery simultaneous discharge circuit and the battery simultaneous discharge method in the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the control timing of the
switching element 1 and theswitching element 2, which are controlled by the DC/DC converter 3. - It is assumed, in the following discussion, that the duty ratio of the operation of the battery simultaneous discharge circuit and the battery simultaneous discharge method in the first embodiment of the present invention is 1:2.
- A period of time starting from period A to period D shown in FIG. 2 represents a cycle period of the DC/
DC converter 3, while a period of time from period A to period C is a control timing period of theswitching element 1 and theswitching element 2. The period lengths are even. - Referring to FIG. 1, the
battery controller 6 checks (periodically detects) the capacities of thebattery 4 and thebattery 5 and calculates the capacity ratio between thebattery 4 and thebattery 5. Based on the calculated capacity ratio, the controller calculates a duty ratio and generates a duty ratio control signal indicating the duty ratio. The generated duty ratio control signal is output to the DC/DC converter 3. Then, the DC/DC converter 3 sets the duty ratio based on the received duty ratio control signal to control theswitching element 1 and theswitching element 2 according to the duty ratio. To control theswitching element 1 and theswitching element 2 is to control the ON/OFF states of theswitching element 1 and theswitching element 2. - Next, the control timing of the
switching element 1 and theswitching element 2 will be described with reference to FIG. 2. - The DC/
DC converter 3 enables theswitching element 1 during period A and remains ON while the corresponding battery is used for the power source. The switchingelement 1 is disabled during periods B and C and is enabled again by the DC/DC converter 3 during period D. The disabled state, which refers to the state in which theswitching element 1 is not enabled by the DC/DC converter 3, is usually the OFF state. - On the other hand, the DC/
DC converter 3 during period A disables the switchingelement 2, unlike the switchingelement 1. The DC/DC converter 3 enables it during periods B and C and maintains ON while the corresponding battery is used for the power source. The switchingelement 2 is disabled again during period D. - As described above, the switching
element 1 and theswitching element 2 repeat the operation, from period A to period D, under control of the DC/DC converter 3. - If the
battery 4 and thebattery 5 are exhausted during operation and, as a result, the capacity ratio between thebattery 4 and thebattery 5 changes, thebattery controller 6 immediately calculates the remaining capacity ratio from the remaining capacities of thebattery 4 and thebattery 5. The battery controller calculates a new duty ratio based on the ratio of the remaining capacities and sends the new duty ratio to the DC/DC converter 3. In this way, the old duty ratio set in the DC/DC converter 3 is replaced (undated) by the new duty ratio. - The DC/
DC converter 3 may be of a synchronous rectifier type converter shown in FIG. 3, a step-up converter (not shown), or a linear regulator (not shown). - Although the
battery 4 and thebattery 5, i.e., two batteries are used for the battery simultaneous discharge circuit in this embodiment, three or more batteries may also be used. When three or more batteries are used, a switching element is connected to each battery. The duty ratio, which is set in the DC/DC converter 3 for controlling each of these switching elements, is determined by the ratio of battery capacities of those three or more batteries. The capacity ratio may also be used as the duty ratio. - The meritorious effects of the present invention are summarized as follows.
- The discharge circuit and the duty ratio setting method according to the present invention can perform simultaneous discharge regardless of the battery voltages, allowing a plurality of batteries to be exhausted at the same time.
- It should be noted that other objects, features and aspects of the present invention will become apparent in the entire disclosure and that modifications may be done without departing the gist and scope of the present invention as disclosed herein and claimed as appended herewith.
- Also it should be noted that any combination of the disclosed and/or claimed elements, matters and/or items might fall under the modifications aforementioned.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2000034636A JP3398703B2 (en) | 2000-02-14 | 2000-02-14 | Discharge circuit and duty ratio setting method |
JP2000-034636 | 2000-02-14 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20010013767A1 true US20010013767A1 (en) | 2001-08-16 |
US6377027B2 US6377027B2 (en) | 2002-04-23 |
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US09/781,135 Expired - Fee Related US6377027B2 (en) | 2000-02-14 | 2001-02-12 | Discharge circuit and duty ratio setting method |
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JP (1) | JP3398703B2 (en) |
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-
2001
- 2001-02-12 US US09/781,135 patent/US6377027B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
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US6377027B2 (en) | 2002-04-23 |
JP2001231175A (en) | 2001-08-24 |
JP3398703B2 (en) | 2003-04-21 |
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