M441267 五、新型說明： 【新型所屬之技術領域】 [0001] 本創作係有關於一種模組化雙向返馳式電池平衡電 路，尤指一種利用變壓器配合開關作為電池單元能量傳 遞的元件，藉以改善每個電池單元在串聯充電時具有電 壓不平衡之問題，且藉由電池組間之外加一電容，使得 電池組間的能量互相傳遞，以達電池組和電池組之間電 量平衡功效之模組化雙向返驰式電池平衡電路。 【先前技術】 [0002] 按，近年來由於電池技術的快速進步，使得電池的 循環壽命和安全性大為增加，電池運用範圍越來越廣泛 ，如電信設備、筆記型電腦、不斷電系統、電動車等等 設備均需使用電池，而在電池的使用上由於個別電池的 電壓過低，如需使用較高的電壓則需將電池串聯充電使 用，但由於每顆電池的特性不同，即使同一批生產之電 池，特性也無法完全相同，且在不同環境條件（例如： 濕度、溫度等）操作下，其特性表現亦有所不同，造成 電池在使用時，即使從各個電池汲取相同的放電電流， 每顆電池所能放出的電量亦不相同，導致使用後每顆電 池的電壓亦不相同，因此對串聯電池組充電時，若沒加 入均勻充放電電路，電池則會因本身電壓的不同而有過 充的問題產生。 [0003] 一般的填酸裡鐵（Lithium iron p ho spha t e)電池工作電壓為3. 2伏特，擁有裡 鈷、鋰鎳和鋰錳等電池的優點，其原料為鐵、鋰、磷等 10120477产單編號 A〇101 第3頁/共33頁 1012015514-0 M441267 地球擁有之豐富資源，與其它二次電池相較下，磷酸鋰 鐵電池擁有容量大、轉換效率佳、高放電功率、充電時 間短，且無記憶效應等優點；因此，常用於電動車（E V )、油電混和車（HE V)、電動腳踏車等，但在充放電時 若造成磷酸鋰鐵電池的電壓超出限制的上下限範圍時， 將導致電池内部產生無法復原的損害。 [0004] 因此，有創作人設計一種『電池充電等化裝置』， 請參閱中華民國新型專利公告第5 02900號，其裝 置包括有一電池電壓檢知電路，係用以取得串聯連接之 電池組之各個電池電壓，將電壓分別調整到適當之準位 輸出；一微控制器，接收電池電壓檢知電路輸出之調整 到適當準位的電壓，並分別將之轉換成數位值，與預設 電壓值作比較，如果電池組中之任何一個電池電壓高過 預設電壓值，則產生相對應之數位信號輸出，並且產生 一組脈波寬度調變（PWM)信號輸出；一邏輯及驅動 電路，接收微控制器輸出之數位輸出信號與脈波寬度調 變信號作邏輯處理，並將處理過之信號加強驅動能力並 輸出；一返驰式轉換器，接收邏輯及驅動電路之輸出信 號，抽取電池組中之電池電壓高過預設電壓值之電池之 電流，而對整個電池組作回充電流動作；藉此，使得充 電時可取得串聯連接之電池組的各個電池電壓，將其數 位化後與預設電壓值做比較，如果有任何一個電池電壓 高於預設之電壓值，則將啟動返馳式轉換器抽取電池之 電流，對整個串聯連接之電池組做回充動作，以避免單 個電池過度充電，如此達到均等充電的目的，可延長串 聯連接之電池組的壽命；然，上述電路裝置僅可單方向 101204771^^ A0101 第4頁/共33頁 1012015514-0 [0005]M441267 充電效率過 地進行電池電壓平衡，造成充料間過長， 低等缺失。 因此’針對上述缺失，請㈣中華民_型專利第 則1 4 7 5 6號之『多個電池單^池組之主動式平 衡電路』’其包括有—儲能树…第-線圈和多個第 二線圈，第-線圈透過一磁芯與多個第二線圈耗合；一 電池組，包括串聯連接的多個電池單元，電池組係透過 -第-開關與第—線圈串聯轉接；多個第二開關，每一 第二接至多個電池單元中之—相對應電池單元及 至多個第二線圈中之—相對應第二線圈；以及-開關控 制單元，耦接第一開關以及多個第二開關，並控制第一 開關以及多個第二開關之閉合及關斷；藉此，透過儲能 兀件的雙向使用，使得在充電過程中，一旦電池單元之 電池單元電壓上升過快時，可將此電池單元之多餘能量 從此電池單元轉移至整個電池組上；而在放電過程中， 旦電池單元之電池單元電壓下降過快時，可將電池組 上的部分能量轉移至單一特定電池單元中，以對其進行 - 補充，因此，無論電池組處於充電、放電或間置狀態時 - ，電池單元平衡電路皆可平衡每一電池單元；惟，上述 之『多個電池單元電池組之主動式平衡電路』其開關3 1 2與開關3 0 4無法同時導通，於開關3 1 2導通時 間Ton時，需將開關3〇4截止（儲能期間）；而於 釋能期間，須將開關3 1 2截止，並將開關3 0 4導通 以進行釋能，使得於釋能期間時，開關3 〇 4的責任週 期需控制以禮保不會產生電池單元的反向放電電流，亦 第5頁/共33頁 1012015514-0 即開關3 0 4導通後須在釋能完畢時立即截止，提前或 10120477产單编號 丨^ ~~ — M441267 延遲皆不可，提前截止將產生高電壓而導致開關燒損， 若延遲截止將因反向放電電流導致再次儲能，亦造成高 電壓而燒損開關；故，上述創作其開關控制方法係為理 想狀態，於實際實施使用上，其釋能時間的開關控制相 當不易，導致開關容易燒毁。 【新型内容】 [0006] 今，本創作人有鑑於此，秉持多年該相關行業之豐 富設計開發及實際製作經驗，改良創作一模組化雙向返 馳式電池平衡電路，其目的在於提供一種利用變壓器配 合開關作為電池單元能量傳遞的元件，藉以改善每個電 池單元在串聯充電時具有電壓不平衡之問題，且藉由電 池組間之外加一電容，使得電池組間的能量互相傳遞， 以達電池組和電池組之間電量平衡功效之模組化雙向返 馳式電池平衡電路。 [0007] 本創作係有關於一種模組化雙向返驰式電池平衡電 路，係主要包括有一變壓器、一主開關元件、複數個平 衡單元、一電池組、一模組串接單元以及一開關控制單 元；主開關元件連接於變壓器第一侧繞組，變壓器具有 複數個第二側繞組，於第二側繞組並聯平衡單元；平衡 單元包括有一連接第二侧繞組第一端之第一開關元件， 以及一連接第二侧繞組第二端之第二開關元件；電池組 則包含有複數個彼此串接之電池單元，且每一電池單元 之正極與負極分別連接對應平衡單元之第一開關元件與 第二開關元件；模組串接單元係對應連接於第二側繞組 之第一端與第二端，且模組串接單元包括有分別對應第 面〇477产單编號A〇m .第6頁/共33頁 1012015514-0 M441267 -端與第二端之模組串接第_端與模組串接第二端於 第-側繞組之第-端與模组串接第—端之間設有第三開 關元件’而於第二側繞組之第二端與模组串接第二端之 間設有第四開關元件；開關控制單元則分別連接主開關 元件、第-開關元件、第二開關元件、第三開關元件以 及第四開關元件，分別用以控制主開社件、第一開關 兀件、第二開關元#、第三開關元件以及第四開關元件 之導通或截止狀態。 藉此，本創作之模組化雙向返驰式電池平衡電路於 實施使用時，可具有雙向的電池組對電池單元均充模式 、電池單元對電池組均充模式，以及電池組對電池組均 充模式；於電池組對電池單元均充模式中，開關控制單 元將第二開關元件以及第四開關元件保持固定截止並 將連接第一側繞組之主開關元件導通，使第二側繞組之 電池組能量開始對變壓器儲能（儲能狀態），直到主開 關元件截止；而變壓器第二側繞組的電壓則會被電壓最 低之電池單元給箝制住，而對此電池單元形成充電迴路 (釋能狀態），進而達成均勻充電之目的；於電池單元 對電池組均充模式中，係將第三開關元件以及第四開關 兀件保持固定截止、第二側繞組之所有第二開關元件亦 保持固定截止，並將高於整體平均電壓之電池單元的第 一開關元件導通，使電壓較高的電池單元能量可儲存於 變壓器的線圈中（儲能狀態）；當能量儲存完畢後，開 關控制單元將第一開關元件截止，透過變壓器第一側繞 組之主開關元件之寄生二極體可將儲存在變壓器的能量 傳送至整個電池組進行充電（釋能狀態），進而達成均 10120477产·單編號A0101 第7頁/共33頁 1012015514-0 M441267 [0009] [0010] [0011] 勻充電之目的；而於電池組對電池組均充模式中，係進 一步於模組串接單元之模組串接第一端與模組串接第二 端間設置一電容，將電壓最高的電池組之第一側繞組的 主開關元件導通，而其第二側繞組的所有第一開關元件 和第二開關元件皆保持固定截止，所有電池組之第四開 關元件皆保持固定導通，此時電壓最高的電池組之能量 即能儲存於對應的變壓器内（電池組釋能狀態）；當能 量儲存完畢後，將電壓最高的電池組之主開關元件截止 ，並將其第三開關元件導通，即將能量儲存於電池組間 的電容上（電容儲能狀態）；當能量儲存完畢後，將電 壓最高的電池組之第三開關元件截止，並將電壓最低的 電池組之第三開關元件導通，此時儲存於電容内的能量 將釋能至電壓最低的電池組的變壓器中（電容釋能狀態 );而當第三開關元件截止，儲存於變壓器内的能量將 藉由電壓最低的電池組之主開關元件之寄生二極體導通 ，即可對其電池組進行平衡充電（電池組儲能狀態）， 以達電池組和電池組之間電量平衡的功效。 【實施方式】 本創作之目的及其結構功能上的優點，將依據以下 圖面所示之結構，配合具體實施例予以說明，俾使審查 委員能對本創作有更深入且具體之瞭解。 首先，請參閱第一1所示，為本創作模組化雙向返 驰式電池平衡電路之其一較佳實施例，係包括有： 一變壓器（1 )，其具有第一侧繞組（1 1 )以及 與第一側繞組（1 1)感應之複數個第二側繞組（1 2 10120477^單编號 A〇101 第8頁/共33頁 1012015514-0 [0012] M441267 )’其中’第'"側繞組（1 1)之打點反向於第二側繞 組（1 2)之打點’且於本實施例中，係具有四個第二 側繞組（1 2 ); 一主開關元件（2)，係連接第-側繞组（11) _ 賴辦衡單元⑴，平衡單元⑴係對應連 接於第二側繞組（12)之第—端（121)與第二端 (1 2 2)，於本實施例中，係具有三個平衡單元（3 )，且每—個平衡單元（3)包括有-連接第二側繞組 (1 2)第-端（1 2 1 )之第-開關元件（3 1 )， 以及-連接第二側繞組（丄2)第二端（1 2 2)之第 二開關元件（3 2); 。。-電池組（4 )，其包含有複數個彼此串接之電池 單_ (4 1)，於本實施例中，係具有三個電池單元（ 41) ’分別為第-電池單元（411)、第二電池單 • 兀（41 2)以及第三電池單元（4 1 3)，且每一電 池單一 （ • - ^ 4 1)之正極與負極分別連接對應平衡單元（ 3)之第-開關元件（3 1 )與第二開關元件（3 2) [1 模組串接單元（Θ)，係對應連接於第二側繞| (1 2)之第一端（丄2 1 )與第二端（丄2 2 )，」 模組串接單元（6)包括有分別對應第-端（1 2 1〕 與第一端（1 2 2 )之模組串接第一端（6丄）與模; 串接第二端（6 2)，於第二側繞組（1 2)之第—多 讓一單編號丄121)與模組Λ接頁第：?“61)之間設有第幻 1012015514-0 M441267 關元件（63)，而於第二側繞組（1 2 )之第二端（ 1 2 2)與模組串接第二端（6 2)之間設有第四開關 元件（6 4);以及 [0016] 一開關控制單元（5 )，係分別連接主開關元件（ 2)、第一開關元件（3 1 )、第二開關元件（3 2) 、第三開關元件（6 3)以及第四開關元件（6 4)， 分別用以控制主開關元件（2)、第一開關元件（3 i . )、第二開關元件（3 2)、第三開關元件（6 3)以 及第四開關元件（6 4)之導通或截止狀態。 | [0017] 咚外，上述之主開關元件（2 )、第一開關元件（ 3 1)、第二開關元件（3 2)、第三開關元件（6 3 )以及第四開關元件（6 4)皆具有寄生二極體；且主 開關元件（2)、第一開關元件（3 1 )、第二開關元 件（3 2)、第三開關元件（6 3)以及第四開關元件 (64)係選自金氡半場效電晶體（MOSFET)或 絕緣柵雙極電晶體（丨G Β Τ )其中之一；於本實施例 中，主開關元件（2)、第一開關元件（3 1 )、第二 着 開關元件（3 2)、第三開關元件（6 3)以及第四開 * 關元件（6 4)係為金氧半場效電晶體，且值得注意的 - ’本創作之模組化雙向返驰式電池平衡電路所選擇之主 開關元件（2)、第一開關元件（3 1 )、第二開關元 件（3 2)、第三開關元件（6 3)以及第四開關元件 (64) ’其本身必需具有寄生二極體，以確保本創作 電路的正常動作。 [0018] 再者’開關控制單元（5)係藉由脈衝寬度調變（ 1012015514-0 10120477产單编號Α〇101 第10頁/共33頁 M441267 pwm)或脈衝頻率調變（p fm)控制主開關元件（ 2)、第一開關元件（3 1)、第二開關元件（32) '第三開關元件（6 3)以及第四開關元件（6 4)之 導通或戴止。 [0019] 根據上述之模組化雙向返驰式電池平衡電路於實施 使用時，可分為電池組對電池單元均充模式、電池單元 對電池組均充模式以及電池組對電池組均充模式，請參 閱第二〜三圖所示；係為電池組對電池單元均充模式之 電路工作圖，其電路動作原理係當有一電池單元（4工 )之電壓低於整體平均電壓時，將第三開關元件（63 )以及第_關it件（6 4 )保持gj定截止，並將連接 第-側繞組（11)之主開關元件（2)導通，使第二 側繞組（12)之電池組（4)能量開始對變壓器（1 )儲能（儲能狀態），而當主開關元件截止時， 變壓器（1 )第二側繞組（i 2 )的電壓會被電壓最低 的電池举7C (4 1 )給籍制住，而對電壓最低之電池單 元（41)形成充電迴路（釋能狀態），進而達成均勾 充電之目的；其中之儲能狀態與釋能狀態分述如下： [0020]儲能狀態〔t n S t g t ί . 0 1 j 5月食，一㈣不’首先，開關控制單元（5 )將變 ⑴第二側繞組（12)之所有第二開關元件（ k 播？ 2 必^4拓no /M441267 V. New Description: [New Technology Field] [0001] This author is about a modular bidirectional flyback battery balancing circuit, especially a component that uses a transformer with a switch as a battery unit for energy transfer. Each battery cell has a voltage imbalance problem when it is charged in series, and a capacitor is added between the battery packs to transfer energy between the battery packs to achieve a power balance between the battery pack and the battery pack. Two-way flyback battery balancing circuit. [Prior Art] [0002] According to the rapid advancement of battery technology in recent years, the cycle life and safety of the battery are greatly increased, and the battery is used in a wider range, such as telecommunication equipment, notebook computers, and uninterruptible power systems. For electric vehicles, etc., batteries are required. In the use of batteries, the voltage of individual batteries is too low. If a higher voltage is required, the batteries need to be charged in series, but because the characteristics of each battery are different, even The batteries of the same batch can not be identical in characteristics, and their performances are different under different environmental conditions (such as humidity, temperature, etc.), causing the same discharge to be taken from each battery when the battery is in use. Current, the amount of electricity that can be discharged from each battery is different, resulting in different voltages of each battery after use. Therefore, if the battery pack is charged, if the uniform charge and discharge circuit is not added, the battery will be different due to its own voltage. And there are problems with overcharge. [0003] The general Lithium iron p ho spha te battery operating voltage is 3.2 volts, has the advantages of batteries such as cobalt, lithium nickel and lithium manganese, the raw materials are iron, lithium, phosphorus, etc. 10120477 Production Order No. A〇101 Page 3 of 331012015514-0 M441267 The earth has abundant resources. Compared with other secondary batteries, lithium iron phosphate battery has large capacity, good conversion efficiency, high discharge power and charging time. Short, and no memory effect; therefore, it is often used in electric vehicles (EV), hybrid electric vehicles (HE V), electric bicycles, etc., but when the charge and discharge, the voltage of the lithium iron phosphate battery exceeds the upper and lower limits of the limit. In the range, it will cause irreparable damage inside the battery. [0004] Therefore, some creators have designed a "battery charging equalization device", please refer to the Republic of China new patent publication No. 5 02900, the device includes a battery voltage detecting circuit for obtaining a battery pack connected in series For each battery voltage, the voltage is separately adjusted to an appropriate level output; a microcontroller receives the voltage of the battery voltage detection circuit output adjusted to an appropriate level, and converts it into a digital value, respectively, and a preset voltage value For comparison, if any of the battery voltages in the battery pack is higher than the preset voltage value, a corresponding digital signal output is generated, and a set of pulse width modulation (PWM) signal outputs are generated; a logic and drive circuit receives The digital output signal outputted by the microcontroller and the pulse width modulation signal are logically processed, and the processed signal is enhanced to drive and output; a flyback converter receives the output signal of the logic and the driving circuit, and extracts the battery pack. The battery voltage in the battery is higher than the current of the preset voltage value, and the charging operation is performed on the entire battery pack; thereby, When charging, the battery voltages of the battery packs connected in series can be obtained, and digitized and compared with a preset voltage value. If any battery voltage is higher than the preset voltage value, the flyback converter will be started. The current of the battery is recharged to the entire series connected battery pack to avoid overcharging of the single battery, so that the purpose of equal charging can be extended, and the life of the battery pack connected in series can be extended; however, the above circuit device can only be single direction 101204771 ^^ A0101 Page 4 of 331012015514-0 [0005] M441267 Charging efficiency over the battery voltage balance, resulting in too long, low loss. Therefore, in response to the above-mentioned shortcomings, please (4) Chinese People's Patent No. 1 4 7 5 6 "Active Balance Circuit for Multiple Battery Units" - It includes - energy storage tree... a second coil, the first coil is fused by a plurality of second coils through a magnetic core; a battery pack comprising a plurality of battery cells connected in series, and the battery pack is connected in series through the -first switch and the first coil; a plurality of second switches, each of the second to the plurality of battery cells - a corresponding one of the plurality of battery cells and the plurality of second coils; and a switch control unit coupled to the first switch and a second switch, and controlling the closing and closing of the first switch and the plurality of second switches; thereby, through the bidirectional use of the energy storage element, the battery cell voltage of the battery unit rises too fast during the charging process When the excess energy of the battery unit can be transferred from the battery unit to the entire battery pack, and during the discharge process, when the battery voltage of the battery unit drops too fast, part of the energy on the battery pack can be transferred to a single battery. The battery unit is supplemented with it, so that the battery cell balancing circuit can balance each battery unit regardless of whether the battery pack is in a charging, discharging or intervening state; however, the above-mentioned "multiple battery cells" In the active balance circuit of the group, the switch 3 1 2 and the switch 3 0 4 cannot be turned on at the same time, and when the switch 3 1 2 is turned on, the switch 3〇4 needs to be cut off (during the energy storage period); The switch 3 1 2 must be turned off, and the switch 300 4 is turned on for discharging, so that during the release period, the duty cycle of the switch 3 〇 4 needs to be controlled so that the reverse discharge current of the battery unit is not generated. Also on page 5 of 33 pages 1012015514-0 that switch 3 0 4 must be turned off immediately after the completion of the release, advance or 10120477 order number 丨 ^ ~~ — M441267 delay is not available, high voltage will be generated in advance If the switch is burnt, if the delay is cut off, the energy will be stored again due to the reverse discharge current, and the high voltage will be burned. Therefore, the above-mentioned switch control method is ideal, and the actual implementation is used. When the phase switching time control difficult, leading to the switch easy to burn. [New Content] [0006] Today, the creator has made this effort to improve the creation of a modular two-way flyback battery balancing circuit with the rich experience in design and development and practical production of the relevant industry for many years. The transformer cooperates with the switch as a component of the energy transfer of the battery unit, thereby improving the voltage imbalance of each battery unit when charging in series, and adding a capacitor between the battery groups, so that the energy between the battery groups is mutually transmitted, A modular bidirectional flyback battery balancing circuit for balancing the power between the battery pack and the battery pack. [0007] The present invention relates to a modular bidirectional flyback battery balancing circuit, which mainly comprises a transformer, a main switching component, a plurality of balancing units, a battery pack, a module serial connection unit and a switch control a unit; the main switching element is connected to the first side winding of the transformer, the transformer has a plurality of second side windings, and the balancing unit is connected in parallel with the second side winding; the balancing unit includes a first switching element connected to the first end of the second side winding, and a second switching element connected to the second end of the second side winding; the battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series with each other, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each battery cell are respectively connected to the first switching element of the corresponding balancing unit a second switching element; the module serial connection unit is correspondingly connected to the first end and the second end of the second side winding, and the module serial connection unit comprises a corresponding one of the first surface 〇477 number A 〇m. Page / Total 33 pages 1012015514-0 M441267 - The terminal and the second end of the module are connected in series. The _ end and the module are connected in series. The second end is between the first end of the first side winding and the first end of the module. With the first a switching element is disposed between the second end of the second side winding and the second end of the module in series; the switch control unit is respectively connected to the main switching element, the first switching element, the second switching element, The third switching element and the fourth switching element are respectively configured to control an on or off state of the main opening member, the first switching element, the second switching element #, the third switching element, and the fourth switching element. Therefore, the modular bidirectional flyback battery balancing circuit of the present invention can have a bidirectional battery pack to battery unit charging mode, a battery unit to battery pack charging mode, and a battery pack to the battery pack. Charging mode; in the battery pack-to-cell charging mode, the switch control unit keeps the second switching element and the fourth switching element fixedly turned off and turns on the main switching element connected to the first side winding, so that the battery of the second side winding The energy of the group begins to store energy (the energy storage state) of the transformer until the main switching element is turned off; and the voltage of the second side winding of the transformer is clamped by the battery unit with the lowest voltage, and the battery unit forms a charging circuit (release energy) State), thereby achieving the purpose of uniform charging; in the battery unit to battery charging mode, the third switching element and the fourth switching element are kept fixedly closed, and all the second switching elements of the second side winding are also fixed Cut off, and turn on the first switching element of the battery unit higher than the overall average voltage, so that the battery energy of the higher voltage is higher Stored in the coil of the transformer (storage state); when the energy is stored, the switch control unit turns off the first switching element, and the parasitic diode of the main switching element passing through the first side winding of the transformer can store the energy stored in the transformer Transfer to the entire battery pack for charging (released state), and then achieve the average 10120477 production and single number A0101 Page 7 / Total 33 pages 1012015514-0 M441267 [0009] [0010] [0011] The purpose of uniform charging; In the battery pack charging mode, a capacitor is further disposed between the first end of the module serial connection unit and the second end of the module serial connection, and the first side winding of the battery pack with the highest voltage is The main switching element is turned on, and all of the first switching element and the second switching element of the second side winding are kept fixed off, and the fourth switching element of all the battery packs is kept fixed, and the energy of the battery with the highest voltage is Can be stored in the corresponding transformer (battery pack release state); when the energy is stored, the main switch component of the highest voltage battery pack is cut off, and its third switch The component is turned on, that is, the energy is stored in the capacitor between the battery packs (capacitor energy storage state); when the energy storage is completed, the third switching component of the battery pack with the highest voltage is turned off, and the third switch of the battery pack with the lowest voltage is turned off. When the component is turned on, the energy stored in the capacitor will be released to the transformer of the battery pack with the lowest voltage (capacitor discharge state); and when the third switching component is turned off, the energy stored in the transformer will be the lowest voltage. The parasitic diode of the main switching element of the battery pack is turned on, and the battery pack can be balancedly charged (battery storage state) to achieve the balance between the battery pack and the battery pack. [Embodiment] The purpose of this creation and its structural and functional advantages will be explained in accordance with the structure shown in the following figure, in conjunction with specific examples, so that the review committee can have a deeper and more specific understanding of the creation. First, referring to the first embodiment, a preferred embodiment of the modular bidirectional flyback battery balancing circuit of the present invention comprises: a transformer (1) having a first side winding (1 1 And a plurality of second side windings induced by the first side winding (1 1) (1 2 10120477^single number A〇101 page 8/total 33 pages 1012015514-0 [0012] M441267) 'where 'the' " The striking of the side winding (11) is opposite to the striking of the second side winding (12) and in this embodiment has four second side windings (12); a main switching element (2) The first side winding (11) is connected to the first side winding (11), and the balancing unit (1) is connected to the first end (121) and the second end (1 2 2) of the second side winding (12). In this embodiment, there are three balancing units (3), and each balancing unit (3) includes a first switching element having a first end (1 2 1 ) connected to the second side winding (1 2). (3 1 ), and - a second switching element (3 2) connecting the second end (1 2 2) of the second side winding (丄2); . a battery pack (4) comprising a plurality of battery cells _ (4 1) connected in series with each other, and in the present embodiment, having three battery cells (41) respectively - a first battery cell (411), a second battery unit • 兀 (41 2) and a third battery unit (4 1 3), and the positive and negative poles of each battery single (• - ^ 4 1) are respectively connected to the first switching element of the corresponding balancing unit (3) (3 1 ) and the second switching element (3 2) [1 module serial connection unit (Θ), correspondingly connected to the first side of the second side winding | (1 2) (丄 2 1 ) and the second end (丄2 2 ), the module serial connection unit (6) includes a first end (6丄) and a mode corresponding to the module of the first end (1 2 1) and the first end (1 2 2 ) respectively. Connect the second end (6 2) in series, and set the first magic 1012015514 between the second side winding (1 2) and the module number (丄121) and the module connection page: “61”. -0 M441267 turns off the component (63), and a fourth switching element is provided between the second end (1-22) of the second side winding (12) and the second end (62) of the module. 4); and [0016] a switch control unit (5) is connected to the main switch element (2) a first switching element (3 1 ), a second switching element (3 2), a third switching element (63), and a fourth switching element (6 4) for respectively controlling the main switching element (2) The on or off states of the first switching element (3 i . ), the second switching element (3 2), the third switching element (63), and the fourth switching element (6 4). [0017] The main switching element (2), the first switching element (31), the second switching element (32), the third switching element (63), and the fourth switching element (6 4) described above all have a parasitic diode And the main switching element (2), the first switching element (3 1 ), the second switching element (32), the third switching element (63), and the fourth switching element (64) are selected from the group of half-effects One of a transistor (MOSFET) or an insulated gate bipolar transistor (丨G Β ; ); in this embodiment, the main switching element (2), the first switching element (3 1 ), and the second switching element ( 3 2), the third switching element (6 3) and the fourth opening * off element (6 4) are gold-oxygen half-field transistors, and it is worth noting - 'The modular two-way return of this creation The main switching element (2), the first switching element (3 1 ), the second switching element (32), the third switching element (63), and the fourth switching element (64) selected by the battery balancing circuit It must have a parasitic diode to ensure the normal operation of the circuit. [0018] Furthermore, the switch control unit (5) is modulated by pulse width (1012015514-0 10120477 production number Α〇101 10th) Page / Total 33 pages M441267 pwm) or pulse frequency modulation (p fm) control main switching element (2), first switching element (3 1), second switching element (32) 'third switching element (6 3) And turning on or wearing the fourth switching element (6 4). [0019] According to the modularized bidirectional flyback battery balancing circuit described above, the battery pack can be divided into a battery pack equalizing battery unit, a battery unit to battery pack charging mode, and a battery pack to battery pack charging mode. Please refer to the second to third figures; the circuit diagram of the battery pack for the battery unit charging mode, the circuit operation principle is when a battery unit (4 workers) voltage is lower than the overall average voltage, will be The three-switching element (63) and the first-turn-off element (6 4 ) keep gj fixed off, and turn on the main switching element (2) connected to the first-side winding (11) to make the battery of the second-side winding (12) Group (4) energy begins to store energy (energy storage state) on transformer (1), and when main switching element is turned off, the voltage of the second side winding (i 2 ) of transformer (1) is lifted by the battery with the lowest voltage (7C ( 4 1) The system is built, and the battery cell (41) with the lowest voltage forms a charging circuit (release state), thereby achieving the purpose of uniform charging; wherein the energy storage state and the energy release state are as follows: [0020 Energy storage state [tn S tgt ί . 0 1 j 5 eclipse, (Iv) no 'First, the switch control unit (5) becomes a second winding (12) of all second switching elements ⑴ (k companion? ^ 4 Extension 2 will no /
Luu^ij 器 2 )導通，當變壓器（1 )筮.ΙΜ Α , Ί 丄J第—側繞組（1 1 )之主開 關元件（2)導通時，電分相广^、丄 电池組（4)中之電池單元（4 1ΰ)開始對變壓器（1 ) Μ ν, Α 丄）第—側繞組（1 1)儲能，電 流I開始上升’而此時變愚 m 1 π變歷器（1)第二側繞組（i 2 1〇12〇477产單編號A01〇l 第11頁/共33頁 1012015514-0 M441267 [0022] [0023] )之打點’因與第-側繞組（1 l)之打點反向，使得 第一側繞組（12)不會有能量，而將能量儲存於變壓 益（1 )中，當主開關元件（2)截止時，此狀態結束 釋能狀態〔t 1 g t g t 〕： 接著，凊參閱第三圖所示，當主開關元件（2)截止後 ，第二側繞組（；! 2 )之所有第二開關元件（3 2 )仍 持續導通，於本實施例中，若第一電池單元（4 i 1 ) 的電壓最低，變壓器（1)第二側繞組（12)的電壓 會被第一電池單元（411)給籍制住，使得第-開關 元件（3 1)之寄生二極體因極性而導通，而將儲能狀 態所儲存於變壓器（1)的能量開始轉移至第-電池單 元（411)，對第-電池單元（4;11)進行充電， 直到流經第-電池單元（411)的電流％為零時，此 狀態結束；综合上述，電池組（4)對電池單元（4 1 )均充模式為將電池組（4)的能量對變壓器（丄）第 二側繞組（1 2)電壓最低之電池單元（4 i )進行均 充’當變壓器⑴第-側繞組（1D的主開關:件 (2)導通’抽取電池組⑷内的能量並儲存於變屋 器（1)卜當主開關元件（2)截止時’透過第—開 關元件（3 1 )之寄生二極體使儲存在變壓器（丄）中 1 1);其 圖如第四圖Luu^ij 2) is turned on, when the transformer (1) 筮.ΙΜ Α , Ί 丄 J first-side winding (1 1 ) main switching element (2) is turned on, the electric phase separation wide ^, 丄 battery pack (4 In the battery unit (4 1ΰ), the transformer (1) Μ ν, Α 丄) the first side winding (1 1) stores energy, and the current I starts to rise, and at this time becomes a stupid m 1 π changer (1) ) The second side winding (i 2 1〇12〇477 production order number A01〇l page 11/33 pages 1012015514-0 M441267 [0022] [0023]) Dot's due to the first-side winding (1 l) The striking is reversed so that the first side winding (12) does not have energy, and the energy is stored in the variable pressure (1). When the main switching element (2) is turned off, the state ends the release state [t 1 Gtgt]: Next, as shown in the third figure, after the main switching element (2) is turned off, all the second switching elements (3 2 ) of the second side winding (;! 2) are still turned on, in this embodiment. If the voltage of the first battery unit (4 i 1 ) is the lowest, the voltage of the second side winding (12) of the transformer (1) is controlled by the first battery unit (411), so that the first switching element (3) 1) The raw diode is turned on due to polarity, and the energy stored in the transformer (1) in the energy storage state is transferred to the first battery unit (411), and the first battery unit (4; 11) is charged until it flows through When the current % of the first battery unit (411) is zero, the state ends; in combination with the above, the battery unit (4) is charged to the battery unit (4 1 ) in the mode of charging the battery (4) to the transformer (丄). The battery with the lowest voltage of the second side winding (1 2) (4 i ) is equalized 'When the transformer (1) the first side winding (the main switch of 1D: the piece (2) is turned on' extracts the energy in the battery pack (4) and stores it in The transformer (1) is when the main switching element (2) is turned off, and the parasitic diode of the first switching element (3 1 is stored in the transformer (丄) 1 1);
的能量傳遞至電座較低之第一電池單元（4 電池組對電池單元均充模式之電路時序波形 所示。 [0024] 1〇_771^單編號 A0101 請參閱第五〜六圖所示，為本創作另一 第12頁/共33頁 種電池單元 1012015514-0 對電池組均充模式之電路工作圖，其電路動作原理係將 第二開關元件（6 3)以及第四開關元件（6 4)保持 固疋截止，並將第二側繞组（i 2)之所有第二開關元 件（32)保持固定截止，以防止變壓器（上）第二側 兔組（1 2)形成順向式g rwa r d)而對其它 电池單tc ( 4 1 )產生高脈衝充電，進而燒毀開關元件 的清屯發生，接著，將高於整體平均電虔之電池單元（ 4 1 )的第一開關元件（3 1 )導通，使電壓較高的電 池單元（4 1)能量可儲存於變壓器（丄）的線圈中（ 儲能狀態當能量儲存完畢後，將第一開關元件（3 1 )截止，透過變壓器（丄）第一側繞組（i丄）之主 開關元件（2)的寄生二極體，將儲存在變壓器（工） 的肊里傳送至整個電池組（4)進行充電（釋能狀態） 進而達成均勻充電之目的；其中之健能狀態與釋能狀 態分述如下： [祕]儲能狀態〔t t g t i〕： [_請參閱第五圖所示，於本實施射，若第—電池單元（ 4 1 1 )的電壓為電池組（4)中電壓最高之電池，為 達到均勻充電之目的，將第一電池單元（4丄i )對應 平衡單元（3)之第-開關元件（3 u導通，而#第 -開關元件（3 1 )導通時’其第二開關元件（3 2 ) 之寄生二極體則會因為極性而導通，進而形成一個迴路 ，電流I丄開始上升，並將第一電池單元（4 i i )上之 能量儲存於Μ器（i )中，當能量儲存完畢後，將第 一開關元件（3 1 )截止，此狀態結束； 10120477产單編號A0101 第13頁/共33頁 1012015514-0 M441267 [_釋能狀態…2〕： [0028]接著，請參閱第六圖所示，當第—開關元件（3丄）截 止時，主開關元件（2)的寄生二極體因變壓器（工） 第-側繞組（1 1)極性相反而導通，將於儲能狀態所 儲存在變愿器（1)的能量對電池組（4)進行充電· 綜合上述，電池單元對電池組均充模式為抽取變壓器（ 1 )第一側繞組（1 2)電壓最高之電池單元（4 1 ) 的能量’對電池組（4)中的第一〜三電池單元（4工 1)、（412)、（413)進行均充，其電路時序 波形圖如第七圖所示。 請參閱第八〜十一圖所示，為本創作第三種電池組 對電池組均充模式之電路工作圖’當複數個電池組（4 )串接使用時，係進一步於模組串接單元（6 )之模組 串接第一端（6 1)與模組串接第二端（62)間尊置 一電容（7)，於本實施例中’係以二個電池組（4) 模組為例，且為了說明方便，係將此二電池組（4)分 別定義為模組A (1 〇 〇)與模組B ( 2 〇 〇 );然而 必需注意的是，電池組（4)之串接數量僅顯示二個是 為了說明方便起見，而非以本例所舉為限，且熟此技藝 者當知道本創作之電池組（4 )可以有較多之數量，而 並不會影響本創作的實施；其中之電池组（4 )與電容 (7)之儲能與釋能狀態分述如下： [〇〇30] 模組A ( 1 〇 〇 )電池組釋能狀態〔t 〇 g t S t i〕： [眶]請參閱第八圖所示，假設模組A ( i 〇 〇 )的電池組（ 4)電壓最高，首先，將模組A ( 1 〇 〇 )對應之變壓 1012〇477产單编號A0101 第Η頁/共33頁 1012015514-0 M441267 器（1)第一側繞組（1 1)的主開關元件（2)導通 ，而模組A ( 1 〇 0 )變壓器（1 )第二側繞組（工2 )的所有第一開關元件（3 1 )和第二開關元件（3 2 )皆保持固定戴止’模組A (1〇〇)與模組b (2 q 0)之第四開關元件（6 4)保持固定導通，此時，電 流I i開始上升，模組A ( 1 〇 〇)電池組（4 )的能量 即能儲存於模組A (1〇〇)的變壓器（1)内，當能 置儲存完畢後’將模組A ( 1 〇 〇 )的主開關元件（2 )截止，並將模組A ( 1 〇 〇)的第三開關元件（6 3 )導通，此狀態結束； [0032] 電容儲能狀態〔t ^ t < t 〕： [0033] 接著，請參閱第九圖所示，當模組a (1 〇〇)的第三 開關元件（6 3)導通後，上述儲存於模組a ( 1 〇 〇 )變壓器（1 )内的能量因第三開關元件（6 3)的導 通即能將能量儲存於模組A ( 1 〇 0)和模組B ( 2 〇 0)間的電容（7)上，當流經電容（7)的電流j為 零時，能量即儲存完畢，將模組A ( 1 〇 〇 )的第三開 關元件（6 3)截止’此狀態結束； [0034]電容釋能狀態〔t $ t S t 〕： 乙 3 [0035]請參閱第十圖所示，假設模組B ( 2 〇 〇 )的電池組（ 4)電壓最低，開關控制單元（5)將模組B (2 〇 〇 )的第三開關元件（6 3)導通，且將模組b (2 0 〇 )變壓器（1 )二次側的所有第一開關元件（3 j )和 3 第二開關元件（3 2)皆保持固定截止，此時，電流j 1012015514-0 始上升，儲存於電容（7)内的能量將釋能至模組B 101204771^單編戎A010i 第】5頁/共33頁 M441267 (200)的變壓器（i)，當第三開關元件（6 3) 截止，此狀態結束； [0036] 模組B ( 2 0 0 )電池組儲能狀態〔t S t S t 〕： [0037] 請參閱第十一圖所示，於上述電容（7 )釋能狀態儲存 於模組B (200)變壓器（1)内的能量將藉由模組 B ( 2 0 〇)的主開關元件（2)之寄生二極體的導通 ’即可對模組B (2 0 〇)的電池組（4 )進行平衡充 電’直到電流I 4為零時，此狀態結束；而電池組對電池 組均充模式之電路時序波形圖如第十二圖所示。 [0038] 由上述之模組化雙向返驰式電池平衡電路與實施說 明可知，本創作具有以下優點： 本創作藉由返馳式變壓器的特點，使得不論是第一 侧繞組或是第二側繞組之開關元件導通時，皆可將 能量儲存在變壓器中，而當開關元件截止時再把能 量透過變壓器傳送到電壓較低的電池，或傳送給整 個電池串’以達到電池充電時電量平衡的效果。 2.本創作於變壓器之第二側繞組加入兩顆開關元件， 達到可將儲存的能量傳送到電壓較低的電池單元以 及可透過變壓器傳送到電池組，不僅達到雙向傳遞 和均勻充放電之目的夕卜，亦可避免電池單元能量不 必要的浪費。 3. 10120477产單编號 A0101 本創作之模组化雙向返驰式電池平衡電路，不論是 電池纽對電池單元均充模式或電池單元對電池組均 充模式，其開關控制單元僅需控制儲能狀態之時間 ，而無須控制其釋能時間，使得本創作電路之控制 第16頁/共33頁 1012015514-0 M441267 方式安全可行，避免釋能狀態時間控制不當而導致 開關元件燒毁之情況發生。 4.本創作之模組化雙向返驰式電池平衡電路於電池組 間設置一電容，以利用電容間接將電池組和電池組 的能量相互傳遞，以達電池組和電池組之間電量平 衡的效果。 • [0040] • 综上所述，本創作之模組化雙向返驰式電池平衡電 路，的確能藉由上述所揭露之實施例，達到所預期之使 用功效，且本創作亦未曾公開於申請前，誠已完全符合 專利法之規定與要求。爰依法提出新型專利之申請，懇 請惠予審查，並賜准專利，則實感德便。 [0041] 惟，上述所揭之圖示及說明，僅為本創作之較佳實 施例，非為限定本創作之保護範圍；大凡熟悉該項技藝 之人士，其所依本創作之特徵範疇，所作之其它等效變 化或修飾，皆應視為不脫離本創作之設計範疇。 • . [0042] 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖：本創作實施例之電路架構圖 - [0043] 第二圖：本創作實施例於電池組對電池單元均充模式之 儲能狀態〔t Q S t S t i〕電路工作圖 [0044] 第三圖：本創作實施例於電池組對電池單元均充模式之 釋能狀態〔t t S t 2〕電路工作圖 [0045] 第四圖：本創作實施例於電池組對電池單元均充模式之 電路時序波形圖 10120477产單編號 A°1Q1 第 17 頁 / 共 33 胃 1012015514-0 [0046]M441267 第五圖：本創作實施例於電池單元對電池組均充模式之 儲能狀態〔t i〕電路工作圖 [0047]第六圖：本創作實施例於電池單元對電池組均充模式之 釋能狀態〔t〆t S t 2〕電路工作圖 [0048]第七圖：本創作實施例於電池單元對電池組岣充模式之 電路時序波形圖 [0049] 第八圖：本創作實施例於電池組對電池組均充模式之模 組A電池組釋能狀態〔t 〇客t S t丄〕電路工作圖 [0050] 第九圖：本創作實施例於電池組對電池組均充模气之電 容儲能狀態〔t t S t 2〕電路工作圖 [0051] 第十圖：本創作實施例於電池組對電池組均充模式之電 容釋能狀態〔t t S t 3〕電路工作圖 [0052] 第圖：本創作實施例於電池組對電池組均充模式之 模組Β電池組儲能狀態〔各t4〕電路工作圖 [0053] 第十二圖：本創作實施例於電池組對電池組均充模式之 電路時序波形圖 【主要元件符號說明】 [0054] (1 ) 變壓器 (11) 第一側繞組 [0055] (12) 第二側繞組 (12 1) 第一端 [0056] (12 2) βρ — (2 ) 主開關元件 [0057] (3 ) 平衡單元 (31) 第一開關元件 [0058] (32) 第二開關元件 (4 ) 電池組 10120477^^^^ A0101 第18頁/ 共33頁 1012015514-0 M441267 [0059] ( 4 1 ) 電池單元 (41 1 ) 第一電池單元 [0060] ( 4 1 2 )第二電池單元 (41 3 ) 第三電池單元 [0061] ( 5 ) 開關控制單元 (6 ) 模組串接單元 [0062] ( 6 1 ) 模組串接第一端 (62 ) 模組串接第二端 [0063] ( 6 3 ) 第三開關元件 (64) 第四開關元件 [0064] ( 7 ) 電容 (1 0 0)模組A [0065] (2 0 0 )模組B 1 1 電流 [0066] I 2 電流 電流 [0067] I 4 電流 10120477产單編號 A〇101 第19頁/共33頁 1012015514-0The energy is transferred to the first battery unit with the lower battery (4 battery packs are shown in the circuit timing waveform of the battery unit charging mode. [0024] 1〇_771^单号A0101 Please refer to the fifth to sixth figures For the creation of another 12th page/total 33 page battery unit 1012015514-0, the circuit operation diagram of the battery pack equalization mode, the circuit operation principle is the second switching element (63) and the fourth switching element ( 6 4) Keep the solid cutoff and keep all the second switching elements (32) of the second side winding (i 2) fixed and cut off to prevent the transformer (upper) second side rabbit group (1 2) from forming a forward direction. Equation g rwa rd) and high-pulse charging of other battery cells tc ( 4 1 ), thereby burning off the switching element, and then, the first switching element of the battery cell ( 4 1 ) higher than the overall average power (3 1 ) is turned on, so that the energy of the battery unit (4 1) with higher voltage can be stored in the coil of the transformer (丄) (the energy storage state, after the energy storage is completed, the first switching element (3 1 ) is cut off, through Transformer (丄) first side winding (i丄) main switching element (2 The parasitic diode is stored in the transformer (work) and transported to the entire battery pack (4) for charging (released state) to achieve uniform charging; the state of energy and release state are described. As follows: [secret] energy storage state [ttgti]: [_Please refer to the fifth figure, in this implementation, if the first battery - (4 1 1) voltage is the highest voltage battery in the battery (4) For the purpose of uniform charging, the first battery unit (4丄i) corresponds to the first switching element of the balancing unit (3) (3u is turned on, and #第- switching element (3 1) is turned on' second The parasitic diode of the switching element (3 2 ) is turned on due to the polarity, thereby forming a loop, the current I 丄 starts to rise, and the energy on the first battery unit ( 4 ii ) is stored in the buffer (i ) After the energy storage is completed, the first switching element (3 1 ) is turned off, and the state ends; 10120477 production order number A0101 page 13 / total 33 page 1012015514-0 M441267 [_release state... 2]: [0028] Next, please refer to the sixth figure, when the first - switching element (3 丄) cut When the parasitic diode of the main switching element (2) is turned on due to the opposite polarity of the transformer (work) first-side winding (1 1), the energy stored in the transducer (1) in the energy storage state is opposite to the battery pack. (4) Performing charging and integration As described above, the battery unit is charged to the battery pack in the battery pack (4) in the battery pack (4) with the highest voltage of the first side winding (1 2) of the extraction transformer (1). The first to third battery cells (4 work 1), (412), and (413) are equally charged, and the circuit timing waveform diagram is as shown in the seventh figure. Please refer to the eighth to eleventh figure, which is the circuit diagram of the third battery pack for the battery pack charging mode. When multiple battery packs (4) are used in series, the system is further connected in series. The module (6) is connected in series with the first end (6 1) and the second end (62) of the module is connected with a capacitor (7). In this embodiment, the battery pack is provided with two battery packs (4). The module is taken as an example, and for convenience of explanation, the two battery packs (4) are respectively defined as module A (1 〇〇) and module B (2 〇〇); however, it must be noted that the battery pack ( 4) The number of serial connections is only two for the convenience of description, and is not limited to the examples, and those skilled in the art know that the battery pack (4) of the present invention can have a larger number. It does not affect the implementation of this creation; the energy storage and release states of the battery pack (4) and the capacitor (7) are described as follows: [〇〇30] Module A (1 〇〇) battery pack release state [t 〇gt S ti]: [眶] Please refer to the eighth figure. Assume that the battery pack (4) of module A (i 〇〇) has the highest voltage. First, the module A (1 〇〇) corresponds. Transformer 1012〇477 Production Order No. A0101 Page/Total 33 Page 1012015514-0 M441267 (1) The main switching element (2) of the first side winding (1 1) is turned on, and the module A (1 〇0 All of the first switching element (3 1 ) and the second switching element (3 2 ) of the second side winding (2) of the transformer (1) are kept fixed to the 'module A (1 〇〇) and the module b The fourth switching element (6 4) of (2 q 0) remains fixed. At this time, the current I i starts to rise, and the energy of the module A (1 〇〇) battery pack (4) can be stored in the module A ( In the transformer (1) of 1〇〇), when the storage is completed, 'cut off the main switching element (2) of module A (1 〇〇) and turn the third switch of module A (1 〇〇) The component (63) is turned on, and this state ends; [0032] Capacitor energy storage state [t^t <t]: [0033] Next, please refer to the ninth figure, when the module a (1 〇〇) After the third switching element (63) is turned on, the energy stored in the transformer (1) of the module a (1) can be stored in the module A by the conduction of the third switching element (63). 1 〇 0) and module B ( 2 〇 0) On the capacitor (7), when the current j flowing through the capacitor (7) is zero, the energy is stored, and the third switching element (6 3) of the module A (1 〇〇) is turned off, and the state ends; 0034] Capacitance release state [t $ t S t ]: B 3 [0035] Please refer to the tenth figure, suppose the module B ( 2 〇〇) battery pack ( 4) has the lowest voltage, switch control unit (5 The third switching element (6 3) of the module B (2 〇〇) is turned on, and all the first switching elements (3 j ) and 3 of the secondary side of the module b (20 〇) transformer (1) are turned on. The second switching element (3 2) is kept fixed off. At this time, the current j 1012015514-0 starts to rise, and the energy stored in the capacitor (7) is released to the module B 101204771^单编戎A010i第第5页/ Total 33 pages M441267 (200) transformer (i), when the third switching element (6 3) is cut off, this state ends; [0036] Module B (200) battery storage state [t S t S t 〕: [0037] Please refer to the eleventh figure, the energy stored in the transformer (1) of the module B (200) in the discharge state of the above capacitor (7) will be passed by the module B (20 〇) Parasitic of the main switching element (2) The conduction of the pole body can balance the battery pack (4) of the module B (2 0 〇) until the current I 4 is zero, the state ends; and the battery packs the circuit timing of the battery pack charging mode. The waveform diagram is shown in Figure 12. [0038] From the above-described modular bidirectional flyback battery balancing circuit and implementation description, the present invention has the following advantages: The present invention is characterized by a flyback transformer, such that the first side winding or the second side When the switching elements of the winding are turned on, the energy can be stored in the transformer, and when the switching element is turned off, the energy is transmitted through the transformer to the battery with a lower voltage, or to the entire battery string to achieve the balance of the battery when charging. effect. 2. This creation adds two switching elements to the second side winding of the transformer, so that the stored energy can be transferred to the lower voltage battery unit and can be transmitted to the battery pack through the transformer, not only for the purpose of two-way transmission and uniform charging and discharging. In addition, unnecessary waste of battery unit energy can be avoided. 3. 10120477 Production Order No. A0101 The modular two-way flyback battery balancing circuit of this creation, whether it is the battery button to the battery unit or the battery unit to the battery pack, the switch control unit only needs to control the storage. The state of the energy state, without having to control the release time, makes the control of the circuit of the creation of the circuit of the 16th/33rd page 1012015514-0 M441267 safe and feasible, avoiding the improper control of the time of the release state and causing the burning of the switching element . 4. The modular bidirectional flyback battery balancing circuit of the present invention sets a capacitor between the battery packs to indirectly transfer the energy of the battery pack and the battery pack through the capacitor to achieve the balance between the battery pack and the battery pack. effect. • [0040] In summary, the modular two-way flyback battery balancing circuit of the present invention can achieve the intended use efficiency by the above disclosed embodiments, and the present application has not been disclosed in the application. Before, Cheng has fully complied with the requirements and requirements of the Patent Law.提出 If you apply for a new type of patent in accordance with the law, please give it a review and grant a patent. [0041] However, the illustrations and descriptions disclosed above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention; those who are familiar with the art, according to the characteristics of the creation, Other equivalent changes or modifications made shall be deemed to be without departing from the design of the creation. [0042] [Simple Description of the Drawings] First: Circuit Architecture Diagram of the Present Creation Embodiment - [0043] Second Figure: The energy storage state of the battery pack to the battery unit charging mode in the present embodiment [t QS t S ti] circuit working diagram [0044] The third figure: the power supply state of the battery pack to the battery unit charging mode [tt S t 2] circuit working diagram [0045] The fourth picture: the creation Embodiments in the battery pack to the battery unit charging mode circuit timing waveform diagram 10120477 production order number A °1Q1 page 17 / 33 stomach 1012015514-0 [0046] M441267 fifth diagram: the present embodiment in the battery unit to the battery The energy storage state of the group equalization mode [ti] circuit working diagram [0047] The sixth figure: the working state of the battery unit in the battery pack equalization mode [t〆t S t 2] circuit operation diagram [ 0048] seventh figure: circuit timing waveform diagram of battery unit to battery pack charging mode in the present embodiment [0049] eighth figure: module A battery pack in battery pack to battery pack charging mode Discharge state [t 〇t t t t丄] circuit working diagram [0050] The ninth diagram: the capacitive energy storage state of the battery pack for the battery pack to the battery pack [tt S t 2] circuit operation diagram [0051] FIG. 10: The present embodiment is in the battery pack pair Capacitor discharge state of battery pack equalization mode [tt S t 3] Circuit operation diagram [0052] Fig.: The battery pack energy storage state of the battery pack to the battery pack equalization mode in this creation example [each t4 〕Circuit working diagram [0053] Twelfth figure: Circuit timing waveform diagram of the battery pack for battery pack equalization mode in the present embodiment [Description of main component symbols] [0054] (1) Transformer (11) first side winding (12) Second side winding (12 1) First end [0056] (12 2) βρ — (2) Main switching element [0057] (3) Balance unit (31) First switching element [0058] (32) Second switching element (4) Battery pack 10120477^^^^ A0101 Page 18 of 33 Page20152015514-0 M441267 [459] (4 1 ) Battery unit (41 1 ) First battery unit [0060] ( 4 1 2) Second battery unit (41 3 ) Third battery unit [0061] ( 5 ) Switch control unit (6 ) Module serial unit [0062] ( 6 1 ) The series is connected to the first end (62). The module is connected in series with the second end [0063] (6 3) The third switching element (64) The fourth switching element [0064] (7) Capacitance (1 0 0) module A [ 0065] (2 0 0 ) Module B 1 1 Current [0066] I 2 Current Current [0067] I 4 Current 10120477 Production Order No. A〇101 Page 19 of 33 1012015514-0