TWI679829B - A regulated power supply device for a multi-cell battery pack - Google Patents
A regulated power supply device for a multi-cell battery pack Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明提供一種多節電池組之穩定供電裝置，用以穩定供電予一負載，其包含一多節電池組、一電池選擇單元、一開關控制單元、一微控制單元以及一電壓變化偵測單元。該電壓變化偵測單元於該多節電池組之一第一電池及一第二電池的切換過程中可立即偵測到該多節電池組之一瞬間電壓變化，並根據該瞬間電壓變化立即產生一開關狀態實現訊號予該開關控制單元執行、或先提供予該微控制單元，再由該微控制單元提供予該開關控制單元執行。據此，該多節電池組於該第一電池及該第二電池之切換過程中能穩定供電予該負載。The invention provides a stable power supply device for a multi-cell battery pack for stably supplying power to a load, which includes a multi-cell battery pack, a battery selection unit, a switch control unit, a micro-control unit, and a voltage change detection unit. . The voltage change detection unit can immediately detect an instantaneous voltage change of one of the multi-cell battery packs during the switching process of one of the first battery and a second battery of the multi-cell battery pack, and immediately generate the instantaneous voltage change according to the instantaneous voltage change. A switch state realization signal is executed by the switch control unit, or is first provided to the micro control unit, and then is provided by the micro control unit to the switch control unit. Accordingly, the multi-cell battery pack can stably supply power to the load during the switching process of the first battery and the second battery.
Description
本發明係有關於一種電池組之供電裝置，尤其是有關於一種多節電池組之穩定供電裝置。The present invention relates to a power supply device for a battery pack, and more particularly to a stable power supply device for a multi-cell battery pack.
電池被廣泛應用於各式電子產品，且通常採用多節的電池結構，也就是串聯或並聯連接多個電池，以供應電子產品運作所需要的電力。多節電池組的充電/放電迴路的形成是透過控制器控制其切換電路。舉例來說，當將充電/放電迴路中的電池切換成新離線電池，且將原離線電池加入充電/放電迴路中時，控制器可將連接新離線電池的切換電路的串聯開關斷開，且旁路開關導通，這樣新離線電池就不會被充電或放電，並將連接原離線電池之切換電路的旁路開關斷開，再將串聯開關導通，以讓原離線電池加入充電/放電迴路中進行充電或放電。Batteries are widely used in various electronic products, and usually adopt a multi-cell battery structure, that is, multiple batteries are connected in series or in parallel to supply the power required for the operation of electronic products. The charging / discharging circuit of the multi-cell battery pack is formed by a controller controlling its switching circuit. For example, when the battery in the charging / discharging circuit is switched to a new offline battery, and the original offline battery is added to the charging / discharging circuit, the controller may disconnect the series switch of the switching circuit connected to the new offline battery, and The bypass switch is turned on so that the new offline battery will not be charged or discharged, and the bypass switch connected to the switching circuit of the original offline battery is turned off, and then the series switch is turned on so that the original offline battery is added to the charging / discharging circuit. Charge or discharge.
由於多節電池組在進行上述離線或加入切換時的電壓輸出通常會上升或下降一個電池的電壓量，甚至發生短暫失去電壓的情況，導致多節電池組因無法穩定輸出電壓而影響供電的品質，致使電子產品必須額外使用較大之電容來儲存電荷，亦或是須於多節電池組中額外增加穩壓電路或平衡電路，如此才能使多節電池組輸出電壓穩定，然此法通常會使多節電池組或電子產品之成本增加、電路複雜。Because the voltage output of a multi-cell battery pack during the above-mentioned offline or joining switching usually increases or decreases the voltage of a battery, or even a temporary loss of voltage, the multi-cell battery pack can not stabilize the output voltage and affect the quality of power supply. As a result, electronic products must use larger capacitors to store charges, or additional voltage regulator circuits or balancing circuits must be added to multiple battery packs, so that the output voltage of multiple battery packs can be stabilized. However, this method usually The cost of multi-cell battery packs or electronic products is increased, and the circuit is complicated.
有鑑於上述現有技術之缺點，本發明之目的在於提供一種可節省成本、簡化電路且同時能使輸出電壓穩定之多節電池組之穩定供電裝置。本發明多節電池組之穩定供電裝置利用開關控制單元根據微控制單元及電壓變化偵測單元所立即產生之訊號，控制電池開關之斷開或導通，以便對多節電池組之供電迴路中的電池進行切換，使多節電池組於切換過程中能穩定供電予負載或電子產品。In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a stable power supply device for a multi-cell battery pack that can save costs, simplify circuits, and at the same time stabilize output voltage. The stable power supply device of the multi-cell battery pack according to the present invention uses the switch control unit to control the opening or closing of the battery switch according to the signals generated immediately by the micro-control unit and the voltage change detection unit, so as to The battery is switched so that the multi-cell battery pack can stably supply power to the load or electronic products during the switching process.
為達成上述目的，本發明提供一種多節電池組之穩定供電裝置，用以穩定供電予一負載，其包含：
一多節電池組，與該負載電性連接，該多節電池組包含:
一供電迴路，用以提供一迴路電壓予該負載；
一第一電池，具有一第一串聯開關及一第一旁路開關，並利用該第一串聯開關與該供電迴路電性連接；以及
一第二電池，具有一第二串聯開關及一第二旁路開關，並利用該第二旁路開關與該供電迴路電性連接；
一電池選擇單元，與該多節電池組電性連接，並具有一電壓量測器，用以量測該第一電池之一第一電池電壓與該第二電池之一第二電池電壓；
一開關控制單元，與該多節電池組電性連接，用以控制該第一電池之該第一串聯開關、該第一旁路開關以及該第二電池之該第二串聯開關、該第二旁路開關之斷開或導通；
一微控制單元(Microcontroller
Unit
，MCU)，分別與該電池選擇單元及該開關控制單元電性連接，用以根據該電池選擇單元之該第一電池電壓與該第二電池電壓產生一第一切換訊號、一第二切換訊號、一第三切換訊號予該開關控制單元，以形成該多節電池組之該供電迴路；以及
一電壓變化偵測單元，分別與該多節電池組及該微控制單元電性連接，用以偵測該多節電池組之該迴路電壓之一瞬間電壓變化，並根據該瞬間電壓變化立即產生一開關狀態實現訊號予該微控制單元，再由該微控制單元提供予該開關控制單元；
其中，該電壓變化偵測單元於該第二切換訊號被該開關控制單元執行後，即偵測到該多節電池組產生之該瞬間電壓變化，此時該電壓變化偵測單元產生之該開關狀態實現訊號立即被該開關控制單元執行，當該第一切換訊號、該第二切換訊號、該第三切換訊號及該開關狀態實現訊號分別被該開關控制單元執行完成後，該第一電池將切換為利用該第一電池之該第一旁路開關與該供電迴路電性連接、該第二電池將切換為利用該第二電池之該第二串聯開關與該供電迴路電性連接，如此可將該多節電池組中之該第一電池自該供電迴路中切除，而將該第二電池切入該供電迴路中，並能維持該供電迴路之該迴路電壓，使該多節電池組於該第一電池及該第二電池之切換過程中能穩定供電予該負載。
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a stable power supply device for a multi-cell battery pack for stably supplying power to a load, including:
A multi-cell battery pack electrically connected to the load. The multi-cell battery pack includes:
A power supply circuit for providing a circuit voltage to the load;
A first battery having a first series switch and a first bypass switch, and electrically connecting the first series switch with the power supply circuit; and
A second battery, which has a second series switch and a second bypass switch, and is electrically connected to the power supply circuit by using the second bypass switch;
A battery selection unit electrically connected to the multi-cell battery pack and having a voltage measuring device for measuring a first battery voltage of one of the first battery and a second battery voltage of the second battery;
A switch control unit electrically connected to the multi-cell battery pack for controlling the first series switch, the first bypass switch of the first battery, the second series switch, the second battery of the second battery Opening or conducting of the bypass switch;
1. a microcontrol unit
Unit
,MCU), which are electrically connected to the battery selection unit and the switch control unit, respectively, for generating a first switching signal, a second switching signal, according to the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage of the battery selection unit, A third switching signal to the switch control unit to form the power supply circuit of the multi-cell battery pack; and
A voltage change detection unit is electrically connected to the multi-cell battery pack and the micro-control unit, respectively, for detecting an instantaneous voltage change of the loop voltage of the multi-cell battery pack, and immediately generates according to the transient voltage change. A switch state realizes a signal to the micro control unit, and then the micro control unit provides the switch control unit;
The voltage change detection unit detects the instantaneous voltage change generated by the multi-cell battery pack after the second switching signal is executed by the switch control unit. At this time, the switch generated by the voltage change detection unit The state realization signal is immediately executed by the switch control unit. When the first switching signal, the second switching signal, the third switching signal, and the switching state realization signal are respectively executed by the switch control unit, the first battery will It is switched to use the first bypass switch of the first battery to be electrically connected to the power supply circuit, and the second battery is switched to use the second series switch of the second battery to be electrically connected to the power supply circuit. The first battery in the multi-cell battery pack is cut off from the power supply circuit, and the second battery is cut into the power supply circuit, and the loop voltage of the power supply circuit can be maintained, so that the multi-cell battery pack is in The first battery and the second battery can stably supply power to the load during the switching process.
又，為達成上述目的，本發明穩定供電裝置之該微控制單元之該第一切換訊號係用以斷開該第二電池之該第二旁路開關、該第二切換訊號係用以斷開該第一電池之該第一串聯開關、該第三切換訊號係用以導通該第一電池之該第一旁路開關、該電壓變化偵測單元之該開關狀態實現訊號係用以導通該第二電池之該第二串聯開關。此時該開關控制單元係依序執行該第一切換訊號、該第二切換訊號、該開關狀態實現訊號、該第三切換訊號。In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the first switching signal of the micro control unit of the stable power supply device of the present invention is used to disconnect the second bypass switch of the second battery, and the second switching signal is used to disconnect The first series switch and the third switching signal of the first battery are used to turn on the first bypass switch of the first battery, and the switch state realization signal of the voltage change detection unit is used to turn on the first battery. The second series switch of the two batteries. At this time, the switch control unit sequentially executes the first switching signal, the second switching signal, the switching state realizing signal, and the third switching signal.
又，為達成上述目的，本發明穩定供電裝置之該微控制單元之該第一切換訊號係用以斷開該第二電池之該第二旁路開關、該第二切換訊號係用以導通該第二電池之該第二串聯開關、該第三切換訊號係用以導通該第一電池之該第一旁路開關、該電壓變化偵測單元之該開關狀態實現訊號係用以斷開該第一電池之該第一串聯開關。此時該開關控制單元係依序執行該第一切換訊號、該第二切換訊號、該開關狀態實現訊號、該第三切換訊號。In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the first switching signal of the micro control unit of the stable power supply device of the present invention is used to disconnect the second bypass switch of the second battery, and the second switching signal is used to turn on the The second series switch and the third switching signal of the second battery are used to turn on the first bypass switch of the first battery, and the switch state realization signal of the voltage change detection unit is used to open the first battery. The first series switch of a battery. At this time, the switch control unit sequentially executes the first switching signal, the second switching signal, the switching state realizing signal, and the third switching signal.
又，為達成上述目的，本發明穩定供電裝置更包含一時序產生單元，分別與該微控制單元及該開關控制單元電性連接，用以根據該微控制單元中之該第一切換訊號、該第二切換訊號、該第三切換訊號、該開關狀態實現訊號產生一訊號執行時序予該開關控制單元。In addition, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the stable power supply device of the present invention further includes a timing generating unit, which is electrically connected to the micro control unit and the switch control unit, respectively, and is configured to be based on the first switching signal, the The second switching signal, the third switching signal, and the switching state realization signal generate a signal execution timing to the switch control unit.
又，為達成上述目的，本發明穩定供電裝置之該電壓變化偵測單元係一PNP型電晶體，該電壓變化偵測單元所偵測到該瞬間電壓變化為該PNP型電晶體之一切入電壓(cut-in voltage)。該瞬間電壓變化係小於該第一電池之該第一旁路開關或該第二電池之該第二旁路開關中之一二極體順向電壓(Voltage Forward，Vf)的二倍。In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the voltage change detection unit of the stable power supply device of the present invention is a PNP type transistor, and the instantaneous voltage change detected by the voltage change detection unit is all the input voltage of the PNP type transistor. (cut-in voltage). The instantaneous voltage change is less than twice the diode forward voltage (Vf) of one of the first bypass switch of the first battery or the second bypass switch of the second battery.
又，為達成上述目的，本發明更提供一種多節電池組之穩定供電裝置，用以穩定供電予一負載，其包含：
一多節電池組，與該負載電性連接，該多節電池組包含:
一供電迴路，用以提供一迴路電壓予該負載；
一第一電池，具有一第一串聯開關及一第一旁路開關，並利用該第一串聯開關與該供電迴路電性連接；以及
一第二電池，具有一第二串聯開關及一第二旁路開關，並利用該第二旁路開關與該供電迴路電性連接；
一電池選擇單元，與該多節電池組電性連接，並具有一電壓量測器，用以量測該第一電池之一第一電池電壓與該第二電池之一第二電池電壓；
一開關控制單元，與該多節電池組電性連接，用以控制該第一電池之該第一串聯開關、該第一旁路開關及該第二電池之該第二串聯開關、該第二旁路開關之斷開或導通；
一微控制單元，分別與該電池選擇單元及該開關控制單元電性連接，用以根據該電池選擇單元之該第一電池電壓與該第二電池電壓產生一第一切換訊號、一第二切換訊號、一第三切換訊號、一開關狀態預設訊號予該開關控制單元，以形成該多節電池組之該供電迴路；以及
一電壓變化偵測單元，分別與該多節電池組及該開關控制單元電性連接，用以偵測該多節電池組之該迴路電壓之一瞬間電壓變化，並根據該瞬間電壓變化立即產生一開關狀態實現訊號予該開關控制單元；
其中，該電壓變化偵測單元於該第二切換訊號被該開關控制單元執行後，即偵測到該多節電池組產生之該瞬間電壓變化，此時該電壓變化偵測單元產生之該開關狀態實現訊號立即被該開關控制單元執行，當該第一切換訊號、該第二切換訊號、該第三切換訊號、該開關狀態預設訊號及該開關狀態實現訊號分別被該開關控制單元執行完成後，該第一電池將切換為利用該第一電池之該第一旁路開關與該供電迴路電性連接、該第二電池將切換為利用該第二電池之該第二串聯開關與該供電迴路電性連接，如此可將該多節電池組中之該第一電池自該供電迴路中切除，而將該第二電池切入該供電迴路中，並能維持該供電迴路之該迴路電壓，使該多節電池組於該第一電池及該第二電池之切換過程中能穩定供電予該負載。
In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a stable power supply device for a multi-cell battery pack for stably supplying power to a load, including:
A multi-cell battery pack electrically connected to the load. The multi-cell battery pack includes:
A power supply circuit for providing a circuit voltage to the load;
A first battery having a first series switch and a first bypass switch, and electrically connected to the power supply circuit using the first series switch; and a second battery having a second series switch and a second A bypass switch, and the second bypass switch is electrically connected to the power supply circuit;
A battery selection unit electrically connected to the multi-cell battery pack and having a voltage measuring device for measuring a first battery voltage of one of the first battery and a second battery voltage of the second battery;
A switch control unit electrically connected to the multi-cell battery pack for controlling the first series switch of the first battery, the first bypass switch, the second series switch of the second battery, and the second Opening or conducting of the bypass switch;
A micro control unit is electrically connected to the battery selection unit and the switch control unit, respectively, for generating a first switching signal and a second switching according to the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage of the battery selection unit. A signal, a third switching signal, and a preset signal for the switch state to the switch control unit to form the power supply circuit of the multi-cell battery pack; and a voltage change detection unit for the multi-cell battery pack and the switch, respectively The control unit is electrically connected to detect an instantaneous voltage change of one of the loop voltages of the multi-cell battery pack, and immediately generates a switch state to realize a signal to the switch control unit according to the instantaneous voltage change;
The voltage change detection unit detects the instantaneous voltage change generated by the multi-cell battery pack after the second switching signal is executed by the switch control unit. At this time, the switch generated by the voltage change detection unit The state realization signal is immediately executed by the switch control unit. When the first switch signal, the second switch signal, the third switch signal, the switch state preset signal, and the switch state realization signal are respectively executed by the switch control unit After that, the first battery will be switched to use the first bypass switch of the first battery to be electrically connected to the power supply circuit, and the second battery will be switched to use the second series switch of the second battery and the power supply. The circuit is electrically connected, so that the first battery in the multi-cell battery pack can be cut off from the power supply circuit, and the second battery can be cut into the power supply circuit, and the circuit voltage of the power supply circuit can be maintained, so that The multi-cell battery pack can stably supply power to the load during the switching process of the first battery and the second battery.
又，為達成上述目的，本發明穩定供電裝置之該微控制單元之該第一切換訊號係用以斷開該第二電池之該第二旁路開關、該第二切換訊號係用以斷開該第一電池之該第一串聯開關、該第三切換訊號係用以導通該第一電池之該第一旁路開關、該開關狀態預設訊號係用以預設該第二電池之該第二串聯開關為即將導通、該電壓變化偵測單元之該開關狀態實現訊號係用以導通該第二電池之該第二串聯開關。此時該開關控制單元係依序執行該第一切換訊號、該開關狀態預設訊號、該第二切換訊號、該開關狀態實現訊號、該第三切換訊號。In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the first switching signal of the micro control unit of the stable power supply device of the present invention is used to disconnect the second bypass switch of the second battery, and the second switching signal is used to disconnect The first series switch of the first battery, the third switching signal are used to turn on the first bypass switch of the first battery, and the switch state preset signal is used to preset the first battery of the second battery. The two series switches are about to be turned on, and the switching state realization signal of the voltage change detection unit is used to turn on the second series switch of the second battery. At this time, the switch control unit sequentially executes the first switching signal, the switching state preset signal, the second switching signal, the switching state realizing signal, and the third switching signal.
又，為達成上述目的，本發明穩定供電裝置之該微控制單元之該第一切換訊號係用以斷開該第二電池之該第二旁路開關、該第二切換訊號係用以導通該第二電池之該第二串聯開關、該第三切換訊號係用以導通該第一電池之該第一旁路開關、該開關狀態預設訊號係用以預設該第一電池之該第一串聯開關為即將斷開、該電壓變化偵測單元之該開關狀態實現訊號係用以斷開該第一電池之該第一串聯開關。此時該開關控制單元係依序執行該第一切換訊號、該開關狀態預設訊號、該第二切換訊號、該開關狀態實現訊號、該第三切換訊號。In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the first switching signal of the micro control unit of the stable power supply device of the present invention is used to disconnect the second bypass switch of the second battery, and the second switching signal is used to turn on the The second series switch of the second battery, the third switching signal are used to turn on the first bypass switch of the first battery, and the switch state preset signal is used to preset the first battery of the first battery. The series switch is about to be disconnected, and the switching state realization signal of the voltage change detection unit is used to disconnect the first series switch of the first battery. At this time, the switch control unit sequentially executes the first switching signal, the switching state preset signal, the second switching signal, the switching state realizing signal, and the third switching signal.
又，為達成上述目的，本發明穩定供電裝置之該開關控制單元係依序執行該開關狀態預設訊號、該第一切換訊號、該第二切換訊號、該開關狀態實現訊號、該第三切換訊號。又或者是該開關控制單元係先同時執行該第一切換訊號與該開關狀態預設訊號，接著再依序執行該第二切換訊號、該開關狀態實現訊號、該第三切換訊號。In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the switch control unit of the stable power supply device of the present invention sequentially executes the preset signal of the switch state, the first switch signal, the second switch signal, the switch state realization signal, and the third switch Signal. Or, the switch control unit first executes the first switching signal and the preset signal of the switch state at the same time, and then sequentially executes the second switching signal, the switch state realizing signal, and the third switching signal.
又，為達成上述目的，本發明穩定供電裝置更包含一時序產生單元，分別與該微控制單元及該開關控制單元電性連接，用以根據該微控制單元中之該第一切換訊號、該第二切換訊號、該第三切換訊號、該開關狀態預設訊號產生一訊號執行時序予該開關控制單元。In addition, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the stable power supply device of the present invention further includes a timing generating unit, which is electrically connected to the micro control unit and the switch control unit, respectively, and is configured to: The second switching signal, the third switching signal, and the switch state preset signal generate a signal execution timing to the switch control unit.
藉由本發明多節電池組之穩定供電裝置，使用者可採用較簡單之硬體元件組成，包括但不限於多節電池組、電池選擇單元、開關控制單元、電壓變化偵測單元以及微控制單元等，故所需之成本較低、偵測反應及切換速度較快，同時能縮減多節電池組之瞬間電壓變化的幅度。With the stable power supply device of the multi-cell battery pack of the present invention, users can use simpler hardware components, including but not limited to multi-cell battery packs, battery selection units, switch control units, voltage change detection units, and micro-control units. Therefore, the required cost is lower, the detection response and the switching speed are faster, and at the same time, the magnitude of the instantaneous voltage change of multiple battery packs can be reduced.
為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵和優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉較佳實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳細說明如下。然而，在本發明領域中具有通常知識者應能瞭解，該等詳細說明以及實施本發明所列舉的特定實施例，僅係用於說明本發明，並非用以限制本發明之專利申請範圍。In order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, as follows. However, those having ordinary knowledge in the field of the present invention should understand that the detailed descriptions and the specific embodiments listed in the implementation of the present invention are only used to illustrate the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention.
以下，配合圖式列舉各根據本發明而成之較佳實施例，來對本發明所揭示的組成構件及達成功效作說明。然各圖式中所示選單設定裝置的構件、尺寸及外觀僅用來說明本發明的技術特徵，而非對本發明構成限制。In the following, the preferred embodiments made according to the present invention are enumerated with drawings to explain the constituent components disclosed in the present invention and the effects achieved. However, the components, dimensions and appearance of the menu setting device shown in the drawings are only used to explain the technical features of the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
首先，請參考第1圖，其係依據本發明第一實施例之多節電池組的穩定供電裝置1之組成方塊及其切換前之供電迴路之示意圖。本發明多節電池組的穩定供電裝置1係用以穩定供電予一負載3，負載3包括但不限於是可攜式電腦、手機、電動車、電動機車或可攜式小家電等各種需要透過電池供電來運作的電子產品設備。本發明穩定供電裝置1包含一多節電池組5、一開關控制單元7、一電壓變化偵測單元9、一微控制單元11以及一電池選擇單元25。本發明穩定供電裝置1之多節電池組5藉由一正極(+)及一負極(-)與負載3電性連接，並包含有一第一電池13以及一第二電池15。多節電池組5可例示為一由四個電池所組成之串聯電池組，並利用其所形成之一供電迴路L1提供一迴路電壓(圖未示)予負載3。第一電池13具有一第一串聯開關17及一第一旁路開關19，其係利用第一串聯開關17與供電迴路L1電性連接；第二電池15具有一第二串聯開關21及一第二旁路開關23，其係利用第二旁路開關23與供電迴路L1電性連接。第一電池13之第一串聯開關17及第一旁路開關19、第二電池15之第二串聯開關21及第二旁路開關23例如可以是電晶體、二極體或二者之組成。First, please refer to FIG. 1, which is a schematic diagram of the constituent blocks of the stable power supply device 1 for a multi-cell battery pack and the power supply circuit before switching according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The stable power supply device 1 of the multi-cell battery pack of the present invention is used to stably supply power to a load 3, and the load 3 includes, but is not limited to, a portable computer, a mobile phone, an electric vehicle, an electric vehicle, or a portable small household appliance. Battery powered electronics equipment. The stable power supply device 1 of the present invention includes a multi-cell battery pack 5, a switch control unit 7, a voltage change detection unit 9, a micro-control unit 11, and a battery selection unit 25. The multi-cell battery pack 5 of the stable power supply device 1 of the present invention is electrically connected to the load 3 through a positive electrode (+) and a negative electrode (-), and includes a first battery 13 and a second battery 15. The multi-cell battery pack 5 can be exemplified as a series battery pack composed of four batteries, and a power supply loop L1 formed by the battery pack 5 is used to provide a loop voltage (not shown) to the load 3. The first battery 13 has a first series switch 17 and a first bypass switch 19, which are electrically connected to the power supply circuit L1 by using the first series switch 17; the second battery 15 has a second series switch 21 and a first The two bypass switches 23 are electrically connected to the power supply circuit L1 by using the second bypass switch 23. The first series switch 17 and the first bypass switch 19 of the first battery 13, and the second series switch 21 and the second bypass switch 23 of the second battery 15 may be, for example, transistors, diodes, or both.
請繼續參考第1圖，本發明之穩定供電裝置1更包括與多節電池組5及微控制單元11電性連接之一電池選擇單元25及一電流量測單元27。電池選擇單元25利用一電池選擇器29及一電壓量測器31可實時分別量測四個電池的各別電壓，電流量測單元27則實時偵測多節電池組5之負載電流。微控制單元11即根據電池選擇單元25及電流量測單元27所提供之電壓及電流狀況，從多節電池組5的四個電池中選擇三個電池形成供電迴路L1，其中，未被分配作為供電迴路L1的第二電池15被定義為離線電池，離線電池可休息等待被分配。再者，供電過程中四個電池中的任一者若發生狀況，例如低電壓時，可藉由電池選擇單元25量測到異常電池的狀態，並讓其成為離線電池，以提高多節電池組5的安全性。雖然，本發明第一實施例中離線電池的數量是一個，但實務中，離線電池的數量也可以是兩個或兩個以上。當離線電池設計為兩個或兩個以上時，本領域之人仍可透過本發明的說明理解多節電池組5之電池總數量會增加。Please continue to refer to FIG. 1. The stable power supply device 1 of the present invention further includes a battery selection unit 25 and a current measurement unit 27 electrically connected to the multi-cell battery pack 5 and the micro control unit 11. The battery selection unit 25 can measure the respective voltages of the four batteries in real time using a battery selector 29 and a voltage measurer 31, and the current measurement unit 27 detects the load currents of the multiple battery packs 5 in real time. The micro control unit 11 selects three batteries from the four batteries of the multi-cell battery pack 5 to form a power supply circuit L1 according to the voltage and current conditions provided by the battery selection unit 25 and the current measurement unit 27. The second battery 15 of the power supply circuit L1 is defined as an offline battery, and the offline battery may rest and be allocated. In addition, if any of the four batteries occurs during power supply, such as when the voltage is low, the battery selection unit 25 can measure the abnormal battery status and make it an offline battery to improve multiple batteries. Group 5 security. Although the number of offline batteries is one in the first embodiment of the present invention, in practice, the number of offline batteries may also be two or more. When two or more offline batteries are designed, those skilled in the art can still understand through the description of the present invention that the total number of batteries of the multi-cell battery pack 5 will increase.
同樣繼續參考第1圖，本發明穩定供電裝置1之開關控制單元7與多節電池組5電性連接，用以控制第一電池13之第一串聯開關17及第一旁路開關19、第二電池15之第二串聯開關21及第二旁路開關23之斷開或導通，並由一切換邏輯電路33及一開關驅動電路35所組成。此乃因第一、第二串聯開關17、21或第一、第二旁路開關19、23之電壓較高，無法單獨利用切換邏輯電路33直接控制其斷開或導通，故需利用開關驅動電路35將切換邏輯電路33的電壓準位轉換為較高之電壓，以順利控制第一、第二串聯開關17、21或第一、第二旁路開關19、23之斷開或導通。Continuing to refer to FIG. 1 as well, the switch control unit 7 of the stable power supply device 1 of the present invention is electrically connected to the multi-cell battery pack 5 for controlling the first series switch 17 and the first bypass switch 19 of the first battery 13 The second series switch 21 and the second bypass switch 23 of the two batteries 15 are turned off or turned on, and are composed of a switching logic circuit 33 and a switch driving circuit 35. This is because the voltage of the first and second series switches 17, 21 or the first and second bypass switches 19, 23 is high, and it cannot be directly controlled by the switching logic circuit 33 to turn off or on. Therefore, it is necessary to use a switch to drive The circuit 35 converts the voltage level of the switching logic circuit 33 to a higher voltage to smoothly control the opening or conducting of the first and second series switches 17, 21 or the first and second bypass switches 19, 23.
請參考第2圖，其係依據第1圖切換後之供電迴路之示意圖。當本發明穩定供電裝置1之電池選擇單元25之電壓量測器31量測到第一實施例之多節電池組5之供電迴路L1(第1圖)的三個電池(例如其中之一為第一電池13)的各別電壓分別與離線電池(例如是第二電池15)的電壓相比較的結果符合一切換條件時，例如第一電池13之一第一電池電壓(最小電壓，圖未示)小於第二電池15之一第二電池電壓(圖未示)，且最小電壓與第二電池15之第二電池電壓的差值達到一預定值時，與電池選擇單元25及開關控制單元7電性連接之微控制單元11即根據電池選擇單元25之第一電池電壓與第二電池電壓產生如下表1之一第一切換訊號S1、一第二切換訊號S2、一第三切換訊號S3予開關控制單元7，以形成如第2圖所示之多節電池組5之供電迴路L2，表1係顯示依據本發明第一實施例之訊號種類、來源及動作。
表1
Please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of the power supply circuit after switching according to Figure 1. When the voltage measuring device 31 of the battery selection unit 25 of the stable power supply device 1 of the present invention measures three batteries (for example, one of the three batteries) of the power supply circuit L1 (FIG. 1) of the multi-cell battery pack 5 of the first embodiment When the comparison results of the respective voltages of the first battery 13) and the voltage of the offline battery (for example, the second battery 15) meet a switching condition, for example, the first battery voltage (minimum voltage, not shown in the figure) of one of the first batteries 13 (Shown) is smaller than a second battery voltage (not shown) of one of the second batteries 15, and when the difference between the minimum voltage and the second battery voltage of the second battery 15 reaches a predetermined value, the battery selection unit 25 and the switch control unit 7 The micro-control unit 11 which is electrically connected generates one of the first switching signal S1, a second switching signal S2, and a third switching signal S3 according to the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage of the battery selection unit 25 as shown in Table 1 below. The control unit 7 is pre-switched to form the power supply circuit L2 of the multi-cell battery pack 5 as shown in FIG. 2. Table 1 shows the types, sources, and actions of signals according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Table 1
請同時參考第1、2圖，本發明穩定供電裝置1之電壓變化偵測單元9係分別與多節電池組5及微控制單元11電性連接，用以偵測多節電池組5之迴路電壓之一瞬間電壓變化(如第3圖之V1)。電壓變化偵測單元9可以是一PNP型電晶體、一電源啟動重置(Power On Reset，POR)電路、一差動電路、一比較器或一運算放大器 (Operational Amplifier，OPA)，當電壓變化偵測單元9採用PNP型電晶體時，所偵測到的瞬間電壓變化V1可以是該PNP型電晶體之一切入電壓(cut-in voltage)，此時電壓變化偵測單元9可縮減多節電池組5之瞬間電壓變化之幅度。電壓變化偵測單元9可立即偵測到多節電池組5之瞬間電壓變化V1並根據瞬間電壓變化V1立即產生一開關狀態實現訊號S ACH(如表1)予微控制單元11，再由微控制單元11提供予開關控制單元7，控制第一、第二串聯開關17、21或第一、第二旁路開關19、23的斷開或導通。本發明穩定供電裝置1之開關控制單元7即根據微控制單元11之第一切換訊號S1、第二切換訊號S2、第三切換訊號S3、來自於電壓變化偵測單元9之開關狀態實現訊號S ACH，選擇將供電迴路L1之三個電池中的其中一者，例如是第一電池13，自供電迴路L1中切除，並將離線電池，例如是第二電池15，加入供電迴路L2(如第2圖所示)，被斷開的第一電池13成為新離線電池。供電迴路L1、L2的形成即是透過開關控制單元7控制第一、第二串聯開關17、21或第一、第二旁路開關19、23之斷開或導通，以將供電迴路L1中的電池切換成新離線電池(例如是第一電池13)，使原離線電池(例如是第二電池15)加入供電迴路L2中進行供電。 Please refer to Figs. 1 and 2 at the same time. The voltage change detection unit 9 of the stable power supply device 1 of the present invention is electrically connected to the multi-cell battery pack 5 and the micro-control unit 11 respectively to detect the circuit of the multi-cell battery pack 5. Instantaneous voltage change (such as V1 in Figure 3). The voltage change detection unit 9 may be a PNP transistor, a power on reset (POR) circuit, a differential circuit, a comparator, or an operational amplifier (OPA). When the voltage changes, When the detection unit 9 uses a PNP transistor, the detected instantaneous voltage change V1 can be the cut-in voltage of the PNP transistor. voltage). At this time, the voltage change detection unit 9 can reduce the magnitude of the instantaneous voltage change of the multiple battery packs 5. The voltage change detection unit 9 can immediately detect the instantaneous voltage change V1 of the multi-cell battery pack 5 and immediately generate a switching state according to the instantaneous voltage change V1 to realize the signal S ACH(As shown in Table 1) The micro control unit 11 is provided to the switch control unit 7 by the micro control unit 11 to control the opening of the first and second series switches 17, 21 or the first and second bypass switches 19 and 23. Or turn on. The switch control unit 7 of the stable power supply device 1 of the present invention implements the signal S according to the first switching signal S1, the second switching signal S2, the third switching signal S3 of the micro control unit 11, and the switching state from the voltage change detection unit 9. ACH, Select one of the three batteries of the power supply circuit L1, such as the first battery 13, to cut off from the power supply circuit L1, and add an offline battery, such as the second battery 15, to the power supply circuit L2 (such as the second (Shown in the figure), the disconnected first battery 13 becomes a new offline battery. The formation of the power supply circuits L1 and L2 is to control the opening or closing of the first and second series switches 17, 21 or the first and second bypass switches 19 and 23 through the switch control unit 7, so as to switch off the power supply circuit L1. The battery is switched to a new offline battery (for example, the first battery 13), and the original offline battery (for example, the second battery 15) is added to the power supply circuit L2 for power supply.
本發明第一實施例之第一電池13、第二電池15的切換動作與電壓時序變化將詳述如後。請同時參考第1~3圖及表1，第3圖係依據本發明第一實施例之多節電池組切換過程之電壓時序變化示意圖。本發明穩定供電裝置1之開關控制單元7根據微控制單元11依序執行第一切換訊號S1、第二切換訊號S2、開關狀態實現訊號S A CH、第三切換訊號S3。請參考第3圖，當第一切換訊號S1被執行時，多節電池組5的電壓下降至約為第二旁路開關23之二極體的順向電壓(Voltage Forward，Vf)；當第二切換訊號S2被執行時，分別與多節電池組5及微控制單元11電性連接之電壓變化偵測單元9偵測到多節電池組5之瞬間電壓變化V1(例如是瞬間電壓下降)，約為電壓變化偵測單元9(例如是PNP型電晶體時)之切入電壓；此時電壓變化偵測單元9提供予微控制單元11之開關狀態實現訊號S ACH立即被開關控制單元7執行，多節電池組5的電壓上升；接著第三切換訊號S3被執行，此時多節電池組5的電壓上升，維持多節電池組5在切換前之迴路電壓狀況。 The switching operation of the first battery 13 and the second battery 15 according to the first embodiment of the present invention and the timing variation of the voltage will be described in detail later. Please refer to Figs. 1 to 3 and Table 1 at the same time. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of voltage sequence changes during a switching process of a plurality of battery packs according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The switch control unit 7 of the stable power supply device 1 of the present invention sequentially executes the first switching signal S1, the second switching signal S2, and the switching state realization signal S A CH and the third switching signal S3 according to the micro control unit 11. Please refer to FIG. 3, when the first switching signal S1 is executed, the voltage of the multi-cell battery pack 5 drops to approximately the forward voltage (Voltage Forward, Vf) of the diode of the second bypass switch 23. When the second switching signal S2 is executed, the voltage change detection unit 9 electrically connected to the multi-cell battery pack 5 and the micro control unit 11 respectively detects the instantaneous voltage change V1 of the multi-cell battery pack 5 (for example, an instantaneous voltage drop) Is about the cut-in voltage of the voltage change detection unit 9 (for example, when it is a PNP type transistor); at this time, the switching state of the micro-control unit 11 provided by the voltage change detection unit 9 to realize the signal S ACH is immediately executed by the switch control unit 7 The voltage of the multi-cell battery pack 5 rises; then the third switching signal S3 is executed, at which time the voltage of the multi-cell battery pack 5 rises, maintaining the loop voltage condition of the multi-cell battery pack 5 before switching.
當第一切換訊號S1、第二切換訊號S2、開關狀態實現訊號S ACH、第三切換訊號S3依序被開關控制單元7執行完成後，第一電池13將切換為利用第一電池13之第一旁路開關19與供電迴路L2電性連接、第二電池15將切換為利用第二電池15之第二串聯開關21與供電迴路L2電性連接，如此可將多節電池組5中之第一電池13自供電迴路L2中切除，而將第二電池15切入供電迴路L2中，並能維持供電迴路L1、L2之迴路電壓，使多節電池組5於第一電池13及第二電池15之切換過程中能穩定供電予負載3。 After the first switching signal S1, the second switching signal S2, the switching state realization signal SACH , and the third switching signal S3 are sequentially executed by the switch control unit 7, the first battery 13 will be switched to the first using the first battery 13 A bypass switch 19 is electrically connected to the power supply circuit L2, and the second battery 15 is switched to use a second series switch 21 of the second battery 15 to be electrically connected to the power supply circuit L2. One battery 13 is cut off from the power supply circuit L2, and the second battery 15 is cut into the power supply circuit L2, and the circuit voltage of the power supply circuits L1 and L2 can be maintained, so that the multi-cell battery pack 5 is connected to the first battery 13 and the second battery 15 During the switching process, it can supply power to load 3 stably.
由於本發明第一實施例開關控制單元7執行第二切換訊號S2與開關狀態實現訊號S ACH所需之時間T1小於數微秒(μs)，故可迅速將多節電池組5之供電迴路L1中的離線電池由第二電池15切換為第一電池13。且因開關控制單元7執行第一切換訊號S1、第二切換訊號S2、開關狀態實現訊號S ACH、第三切換訊號S3的過程中，多節電池組5之供電迴路L1、L2的電壓能被維持，且電壓變化偵測單元9所偵測到之瞬間電壓變化V1的幅度甚微，例如是小於第二電池15之第二旁路開關23中之二極體順向電壓Vf的二倍，故能穩定供電予負載3或電子產品。 Since the switch control unit 7 of the first embodiment of the present invention executes the second switching signal S2 and the switching state to realize the signal S ACH, the time T1 is less than a few microseconds (μs), so the power supply loop L1 of the multi-cell battery pack 5 can be quickly changed. The offline battery is switched from the second battery 15 to the first battery 13. And because the switch control unit 7 executes the first switching signal S1, the second switching signal S2, and the switching state to realize the signal S ACH and the third switching signal S3, the voltages of the power supply circuits L1 and L2 of the multi-cell battery pack 5 can be Maintenance, and the magnitude of the instantaneous voltage change V1 detected by the voltage change detection unit 9 is very small, for example, it is less than twice the forward voltage Vf of the diode in the second bypass switch 23 of the second battery 15, Therefore, it can supply power to load 3 or electronic products stably.
當多節電池組5之供電迴路L2之三個電池的各別電壓分別與離線電池(例如是第一電池13)的電壓相比較的結果再次符合切換條件時，微控制單元11將產生第一切換訊號S1、第二切換訊號S2、第三切換訊號S3；電壓變化偵測單元9將產生開關狀態實現訊號S ACH予開關控制單元7，以再次選擇將三個電池中的其中一者自供電迴路L2中斷開，並將離線電池(例如是第一電池13)加入供電迴路L2，如此重覆上述電性量測及偵測及動作，直至供電迴路中各個電池之電壓小於或等於該電池之允許輸出電壓。 When the results of comparing the respective voltages of the three batteries of the power supply circuit L2 of the multi-cell battery pack 5 with the voltages of the offline battery (for example, the first battery 13) meet the switching conditions again, the micro control unit 11 will generate the first Switching signal S1, second switching signal S2, third switching signal S3; the voltage change detection unit 9 will generate a switching state realization signal S ACH to the switching control unit 7 to select one of the three batteries to self-power again The circuit L2 is disconnected, and an offline battery (for example, the first battery 13) is added to the power supply circuit L2. The above electrical measurement and detection and action are repeated until the voltage of each battery in the power supply circuit is less than or equal to the battery Allowable output voltage.
請參考第4圖，其係依據本發明第一實施例之旁路開關電性並聯一旁路二極體之示意圖。此乃為避免本發明穩定供電裝置1之多節電池組5的第一、第二旁路開關19、23內之二極體37於執行第一電池13、第二電池15之切換過程中無法承受負載電流，因此在第一電池13之第一旁路開關19以及第二電池15之第二旁路開關23分別電性並聯一旁路二極體39。Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a schematic diagram of a bypass switch electrically connected in parallel with a bypass diode according to the first embodiment of the present invention. This is to prevent the diode 37 in the first and second bypass switches 19 and 23 of the multi-cell battery pack 5 of the stable power supply device 1 of the present invention from being unable to perform the switching process of the first battery 13 and the second battery 15 Withstand load current, a bypass diode 39 is electrically connected in parallel to the first bypass switch 19 of the first battery 13 and the second bypass switch 23 of the second battery 15 respectively.
請參考第5圖，其係依據本發明第一實施例之多節電池組的穩定供電裝置更包含一時序產生單元之組成方塊示意圖。由於本發明穩定供電裝置1之微控制單元11需同時進行負載3或電子產品(圖未示)之其它多項運算及控制，而為減少微控制單元11之運算負擔並確保開關控制單元7能據以立即進行第一、第二串聯開關17、21或第一、第二旁路開關19、23之斷開或導通，本發明穩定供電裝置1更包含一時序產生單元41，其分別與微控制單元11及開關控制單元7電性連接，用以根據微控制單元11中之第一切換訊號S1、第二切換訊號S2、第三切換訊號S3、開關狀態實現訊號S ACH產生一訊號執行時序(圖未示，例如是第3圖所示之時序)予開關控制單元7執行。 Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a schematic block diagram of a stable power supply device for a multi-cell battery pack according to the first embodiment of the present invention further including a timing generation unit. Since the micro control unit 11 of the stable power supply device 1 of the present invention needs to perform multiple operations and control of the load 3 or electronic products (not shown) at the same time, in order to reduce the calculation load of the micro control unit 11 and ensure that the switch control unit 7 can In order to immediately turn off or turn on the first and second series switches 17, 21 or the first and second bypass switches 19 and 23, the stable power supply device 1 of the present invention further includes a timing generating unit 41, which is respectively related to the micro-control The unit 11 and the switch control unit 7 are electrically connected to generate a signal execution timing according to the first switching signal S1, the second switching signal S2, the third switching signal S3, and the switching state realization signal S ACH in the micro control unit 11. Not shown, for example, the timing shown in FIG. 3) is executed by the switch control unit 7.
請繼續參考第1~3圖及表1，當本發明穩定供電裝置1之微控制單元11根據電池選擇單元25之第一電池電壓(圖未示)與第二電池電壓(圖未示)另產生一開關狀態預設訊號S PRE予開關控制單元7時，電壓變化偵測單元9則將其所產生之開關狀態實現訊號S ACH直接提供予開關控制單元11。本發明第一實施例之開關狀態預設訊號S PRE係用以預設第二電池15之第二串聯開關21為即將導通(如表1)，開關控制單元7係依序執行第一切換訊號S1、開關狀態預設訊號S PRE、第二切換訊號S2、開關狀態實現訊號S ACH、第三切換訊號S3。此時多節電池組5於切換過程中之電壓時序變化同樣可參照第3圖。由第3圖可知，當開關狀態預設訊號S PRE被執行時，多節電池組5的電壓下降量維持不變，因其餘內容與第3圖相同，於此不再贅述。此外，由於本發明第一實施例之電壓變化偵測單元9係偵測瞬間電壓下降，故開關控制單元7執行開關狀態預設訊號S PRE之順序無法變更，以免因開關狀態實現訊號S ACH提早被執行而使多節電池組5之迴路電壓變化過大，無法穩定供電予負載3。而此時之時序產生單元41係根據微控制單元11中之第一切換訊號S1、第二切換訊號S2、第三切換訊號S3、開關狀態預設訊號S PRE產生一訊號執行時序(圖未示，例如是第3圖所示之時序)予開關控制單元7。 Please continue to refer to Figures 1 to 3 and Table 1. When the micro control unit 11 of the stable power supply device 1 of the present invention is based on the first battery voltage (not shown) and the second battery voltage (not shown) of the battery selection unit 25, When a switch state preset signal S PRE is generated to the switch control unit 7, the voltage change detection unit 9 provides the switch state realization signal S ACH directly to the switch control unit 11. The switch state preset signal S PRE of the first embodiment of the present invention is used to preset the second series switch 21 of the second battery 15 to be turned on (see Table 1), and the switch control unit 7 sequentially executes the first switching signal S1, a predetermined switch state signal S PRE, the second switching signal S2, to realize the state of the switch signal S ACH, the third switching signal S3. At this time, the voltage sequence change of the multi-cell battery pack 5 during the switching process can also refer to FIG. 3. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that when the switch state preset signal S PRE is executed, the voltage drop amount of the multi-cell battery pack 5 remains unchanged, since the rest is the same as that in FIG. 3 and will not be repeated here. In addition, since the voltage change detection unit 9 of the first embodiment of the present invention detects an instantaneous voltage drop, the order in which the switch control unit 7 executes the switch state preset signal S PRE cannot be changed, so as not to realize the signal S ACH early due to the switch state. When executed, the loop voltage of the multi-cell battery pack 5 is too large to supply power to the load 3 stably. The timing generation unit 41 at this time generates a signal execution timing according to the first switching signal S1, the second switching signal S2, the third switching signal S3, and the preset switching state signal S PRE in the micro control unit 11 (not shown in the figure). (For example, the timing shown in FIG. 3) to the switch control unit 7.
請參考表2，表2係依據本發明第二實施例之訊號種類、來源及動作。根據本發明穩定供電裝置1之第二實施例，當電壓變化偵測單元9係先將其所產生之開關狀態實現訊號S
ACH提供予微控制單元11，再由微控制單元11提供予開關控制單元7執行時，開關控制單元7係依序執行第一切換訊號S1、第二切換訊號S2、開關狀態實現訊號S
ACH、第三切換訊號S3。而當本發明第二實施例之微控制單元11另產生有一用以預設第一電池13之第一串聯開關17為即將斷開(如表2)之開關狀態預設訊號S
PRE時，電壓變化偵測單元9則將其對應所產生之開關狀態實現訊號S
ACH直接提供予開關控制單元7，開關控制單元7係依序執行第一切換訊號S1、開關狀態預設訊號S
PRE、第二切換訊號S2、開關狀態實現訊號S
ACH、第三切換訊號S3。
表2
Please refer to Table 2. Table 2 shows the types, sources, and actions of signals according to the second embodiment of the present invention. According to the second embodiment of the stable power supply device 1 of the present invention, when the voltage change detection unit 9 first supplies the switching state realization signal S ACH to the micro control unit 11, the micro control unit 11 provides the switch control When the unit 7 is executed, the switch control unit 7 sequentially executes the first switching signal S1, the second switching signal S2, and the switching state realization signal SACH , and the third switching signal S3. When the micro control unit 11 according to the second embodiment of the present invention generates another first series switch 17 for presetting the first battery 13 as the switching state preset signal S PRE to be turned off (as shown in Table 2), the voltage The change detection unit 9 directly provides the corresponding switching state realization signal S ACH to the switch control unit 7. The switch control unit 7 sequentially executes the first switching signal S1, the switching state preset signal S PRE , and the second The switching signal S2, the switching state realizes the signal S ACH , and the third switching signal S3.
Table 2
請參考第6~8圖，第6~8圖係依據本發明第二實施例之多節電池組切換過程之電壓時序變化示意圖，在此僅就其與第一實施例之多節電池組切換過程之電壓時序變化相異處進行說明，其餘內容可類推第一實施例，於此不再贅述。Please refer to FIGS. 6 to 8, which are schematic diagrams of voltage timing changes of a multi-cell battery pack switching process according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Here, only switching with the multi-cell battery pack of the first embodiment is shown here. The differences in the voltage timing changes of the process will be described. The rest of the content can be analogized to the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
請同時參考第1、2、6圖，當第一切換訊號S1被執行時，多節電池組5的電壓下降至約為第二旁路開關23之二極體的順向電壓Vf；當有開關狀態預設訊號S PRE須被執行時(即微控制單元11另產生有一用以預設第一電池13之第一串聯開關17為即將斷開之開關狀態預設訊號S PRE時)，多節電池組5的電壓下降量維持不變；當第二切換訊號S2被執行時，分別與多節電池組5、微控制單元11及開關控制單元7電性連接之電壓變化偵測單元9偵測到瞬間電壓變化V2(例如是瞬間電壓上升)，約為電壓變化偵測器9(例如是PNP型電晶體時)之切入電壓；此時開關狀態實現訊號S ACH立即被執行，多節電池組5的電壓下降；接著第三切換訊號S3被執行，此時多節電池組5的電壓上升，維持多節電池組5在切換前之迴路電壓狀況。 Please refer to Figs. 1, 2, and 6 at the same time. When the first switching signal S1 is executed, the voltage of the multi-cell battery pack 5 drops to about the forward voltage Vf of the diode of the second bypass switch 23; When the switch state preset signal S PRE must be executed (that is, when the micro control unit 11 additionally generates a first series switch 17 for presetting the first battery 13 as the switch state preset signal S PRE to be turned off), more The amount of voltage drop of the battery pack 5 remains unchanged; when the second switching signal S2 is executed, the voltage change detection unit 9 electrically connected to the multiple battery packs 5, the micro control unit 11 and the switch control unit 7 respectively The instantaneous voltage change V2 (for example, an instantaneous voltage rise) is measured, which is about the cut-in voltage of the voltage change detector 9 (for example, when it is a PNP type transistor); at this time, the switching state implementation signal S ACH is immediately executed, and multiple batteries The voltage of the group 5 drops; then the third switching signal S3 is executed, at which time the voltage of the multi-cell battery 5 rises, maintaining the loop voltage condition of the multi-cell battery 5 before switching.
由於本發明第二實施例開關控制單元7執行第二切換訊號S2與開關狀態實現訊號S ACH所需之時間T2小於數微秒(μs)，故可迅速將多節電池組5之供電迴路L1中的離線電池由第二電池15切換為第一電池13。且因開關控制單元7執行第一切換訊號S1、開關狀態預設訊號S PRE、第二切換訊號S2、開關狀態實現訊號S ACH、第三切換訊號S3的過程中，多節電池組5之供電迴路L1、L2的電壓能被維持，電壓變化偵測單元9所偵測到之瞬間電壓變化V2的幅度甚微(例如是小於旁路開關23之二極體順向電壓的二倍)，故能穩定供電予負載3或電子產品。 Since the switch control unit 7 of the second embodiment of the present invention executes the second switching signal S2 and the switching state to achieve the signal S ACH, the time T2 is less than a few microseconds (μs), so the power supply loop L1 of the multi-cell battery pack 5 can be quickly changed. The offline battery is switched from the second battery 15 to the first battery 13. And because the switch control unit 7 executes the first switching signal S1, the switching state preset signal S PRE , the second switching signal S2, the switching state implementing signal S ACH , and the third switching signal S3, the power supply of the multiple battery packs 5 The voltages of the loops L1 and L2 can be maintained, and the amplitude of the instantaneous voltage change V2 detected by the voltage change detection unit 9 is very small (for example, less than twice the forward voltage of the diode of the bypass switch 23), so Can stably supply power to load 3 or electronic products.
由於本發明第二實施例之電壓變化偵測單元9係偵測瞬間電壓上升，故開關控制單元7執行開關狀態預設訊號S PRE之順序變更不會導致開關狀態實現訊號S ACH因提早被執行而使多節電池組5之迴路電壓變化過大致無法穩定供電予負載3。此時，開關控制單元7執行開關狀態預設訊號S PRE之順序可視實際需求變更，例如開關控制單元7可依序執行開關狀態預設訊號S PRE、第一切換訊號S1、第二切換訊號S2、開關狀態實現訊號S ACH、第三切換訊號S3；又或者是開關控制單元7先同時執行第一切換訊號S1與開關狀態預設訊號S PRE，接著再依序執行第二切換訊號S2、開關狀態實現訊號S ACH、第三切換訊號S3。 Since the voltage change detection unit 9 of the second embodiment of the present invention detects an instantaneous voltage rise, the switch control unit 7 executes the switch state preset signal S PRE . The sequence change does not cause the switch state realization signal S ACH to be executed early. As a result, the loop voltage of the multi-cell battery pack 5 is changed, so that the power supply to the load 3 cannot be performed stably. At this time, the order in which the switch control unit 7 executes the switch state preset signal S PRE may be changed according to actual needs. For example, the switch control unit 7 may sequentially execute the switch state preset signal S PRE , the first switch signal S1, and the second switch signal S2. The switch state realizes the signal S ACH and the third switch signal S3; or the switch control unit 7 executes the first switch signal S1 and the switch state preset signal S PRE at the same time, and then executes the second switch signal S2 in sequence. The state realizes the signal S ACH and the third switching signal S3.
請繼續參考第7、8圖，其係分別例示開關狀態預設訊號S PRE可先於第一切換訊號S1被開關控制單元7執行以及第一切換訊號S1與開關狀態預設訊號S PRE可同時被開關控制單元7執行之多節電池組5切換過程之電壓時序變化示意圖。請參考第7圖，當開關狀態預設訊號S PRE先於第一切換訊號S1被執行時，多節電池組5的電壓維持不變；當第一切換訊號S1接著被執行時，多節電池組5的電壓下降至約為旁路開關23之二極體的順向電壓Vf；接著再依序執行第二切換訊號S2、開關狀態實現訊號S ACH、第三切換訊號S3，其電壓時序變化與第6圖所述之內容相同，於此不再贅述。請再參考第8圖，當第一切換訊號S1及開關狀態預設訊號S PRE同時被開關控制單元7執行時，多節電池組5的電壓下降至約為旁路開關23之二極體的順向電壓Vf；接著再依序執行第二切換訊號S2、開關狀態實現訊號S ACH、第三切換訊號S3，其電壓時序變化與第6圖所述之內容相同，於此不再贅述。 Please continue to refer to Figs. 7 and 8, which respectively illustrate that the switch state preset signal S PRE can be executed by the switch control unit 7 before the first switch signal S1 and the first switch signal S1 and the switch state preset signal S PRE can be simultaneously performed. Schematic diagram of voltage sequence changes of the switching process of the plurality of battery packs 5 executed by the switch control unit 7. Please refer to FIG. 7. When the switch state preset signal S PRE is executed before the first switching signal S1, the voltage of the multi-cell battery pack 5 remains unchanged; when the first switching signal S1 is executed next, the multi-cell battery The voltage of group 5 drops to approximately the forward voltage Vf of the diode of the bypass switch 23; then the second switching signal S2, the switching state realization signal S ACH and the third switching signal S3 are sequentially executed, and the voltage timing changes. The content is the same as that described in FIG. 6 and will not be repeated here. Please refer to FIG. 8 again. When the first switching signal S1 and the switching state preset signal S PRE are simultaneously executed by the switch control unit 7, the voltage of the multi-cell battery pack 5 drops to approximately the same level as that of the bypass switch 23 diode. The forward voltage Vf; then the second switching signal S2, the switching state realization signal SACH , and the third switching signal S3 are sequentially executed. The voltage timing changes are the same as those described in FIG. 6 and will not be repeated here.
綜合上述，本發明所揭之多節電池組的穩定供電裝置係採用簡單的硬體元件，例如開關控制單元、電壓變化偵測單元、微控制單元等，於電壓變化偵測單元偵測到多節電池組之一瞬間電壓變化後，開關控制單元立即控制第一電池與第二電池之串聯開關或旁路開關之斷開或導通。由於本發明利用硬體元件能於數微秒內迅速完成前述瞬間電壓變化偵測及電池開關切換之特性，且能維持供電迴路之電壓，故能使多節電池組於第一電池及第二電池之切換過程中穩定供電予負載或電子產品，不會有輸出電壓異常之現象發生。To sum up, the stable power supply device of the multi-cell battery pack disclosed in the present invention uses simple hardware components, such as a switch control unit, a voltage change detection unit, and a micro-control unit. After a momentary voltage change in one of the battery packs, the switch control unit immediately controls the series switch or bypass switch of the first battery and the second battery to be turned off or on. Because the present invention utilizes hardware components to quickly complete the aforementioned transient voltage change detection and battery switch switching characteristics within a few microseconds, and to maintain the voltage of the power supply circuit, multiple battery packs can be used on the first battery and the second battery. During the switching process of the battery, power is stably supplied to the load or the electronic product, and no abnormal output voltage will occur.
最後，強調，本發明於前揭實施例中所揭露的構成元件，僅為舉例說明，並非用來限制本發明之範圍，其他等效元件的替代或變化，亦應為本發明之申請專利範圍所涵蓋。Finally, it is emphasized that the constituent elements disclosed in the previously disclosed embodiments of the present invention are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The substitution or change of other equivalent elements should also be the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Covered.
1‧‧‧穩定供電裝置1‧‧‧ Stable power supply device
33‧‧‧切換邏輯電路33‧‧‧Switch logic circuit
3‧‧‧負載3‧‧‧ load
35‧‧‧開關驅動電路35‧‧‧Switch driving circuit
5‧‧‧多節電池組5‧‧‧ Multi-cell battery pack
37‧‧‧二極體37‧‧‧diode
7‧‧‧開關控制單元7‧‧‧ switch control unit
39‧‧‧旁路二極體39‧‧‧ Bypass Diode
9‧‧‧電壓變化偵測單元9‧‧‧Voltage change detection unit
41‧‧‧時序產生單元41‧‧‧timing generation unit
11‧‧‧微控制單元11‧‧‧Micro Control Unit
L1、L2‧‧‧供電迴路L1, L2‧‧‧ Power supply circuit
13‧‧‧第一電池13‧‧‧ the first battery
S1‧‧‧第一切換訊號S1‧‧‧The first switching signal
15‧‧‧第二電池15‧‧‧ secondary battery
S2‧‧‧第二切換訊號S2‧‧‧Second handover signal
17、21‧‧‧第一、第二串聯開關17, 21‧‧‧ first and second series switch
S3‧‧‧第三切換訊號S3‧‧‧Third switching signal
19、23‧‧‧第一、第二旁路開關19, 23‧‧‧ first and second bypass switch
S PRE‧‧‧開關狀態預設訊號S PRE ‧‧‧ Switch status preset signal
25‧‧‧電池選擇單元25‧‧‧Battery selection unit
S ACH‧‧‧開關狀態實現訊號S ACH ‧‧‧ Switching state realization signal
27‧‧‧電流量測單元27‧‧‧Current measurement unit
Vf‧‧‧二極體順向電壓Vf‧‧‧ diode forward voltage
29‧‧‧電池選擇器29‧‧‧Battery selector
V1、V2‧‧‧瞬間電壓變化V1, V2‧‧‧Transient voltage change
31‧‧‧電壓量測器31‧‧‧Voltage measuring device
T1、T2‧‧‧時間T1, T2‧‧‧time
第1圖顯示依據本發明第一實施例之多節電池組的穩定供電裝置之組成方塊及其切換前之供電迴路之示意圖。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the constituent blocks of a stable power supply device for a multi-cell battery pack and the power supply circuit before switching according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
第2圖顯示依據本發明第一實施例切換後之供電迴路之示意圖。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit after switching according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
第3圖顯示依據本發明第一實施例之多節電池組切換過程之電壓時序變化示意圖。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of voltage sequence changes during a switching process of a plurality of battery packs according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
第4圖顯示依據本發明第一實施例之旁路開關電性並聯一旁路二極體之示意圖。FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a bypass switch electrically connected in parallel with a bypass diode according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
第5圖顯示依據本發明第一實施例更包含一時序產生單元之組成方塊示意圖。FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a timing generating unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
第6~8圖顯示依據本發明第二實施例之多節電池組切換過程之電壓時序變化示意圖。Figures 6 to 8 are schematic diagrams illustrating voltage timing changes during a switching process of a plurality of battery packs according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (12)
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Citations (6)
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| US5898291A (en) * | 1998-01-26 | 1999-04-27 | Space Systems/Loral, Inc. | Battery cell bypass topology |
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| CN108134596A (en) * | 2012-07-07 | 2018-06-08 | 天工方案公司 | Switching circuit and its manufacturing method, integrated circuit, radio-frequency devices package module |
| TW201832444A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2018-09-01 | 日商山葉發動機股份有限公司 | Power supply circuit |
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| US5898291A (en) * | 1998-01-26 | 1999-04-27 | Space Systems/Loral, Inc. | Battery cell bypass topology |
| US8957610B2 (en) * | 2009-07-02 | 2015-02-17 | Chong Uk Lee | Multi-port reconfigurable battery |
| TW201126865A (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-08-01 | Joy Ride Tech Co Ltd | Series connection battery system with automatic bypass function |
| CN108134596A (en) * | 2012-07-07 | 2018-06-08 | 天工方案公司 | Switching circuit and its manufacturing method, integrated circuit, radio-frequency devices package module |
| US20170085183A1 (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2017-03-23 | Infineon Technologies Austria Ag | System and Method for a Switched-Mode Power Supply Having a Transformer with a Plurality of Primary Windings |
| TW201832444A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2018-09-01 | 日商山葉發動機股份有限公司 | Power supply circuit |
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