TWI575365B - power supply apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Power supply unit

The present invention relates to power supply technology, and more particularly to a power supply device that can operate in multiple modes.

A conventional power supply device receives a DC input voltage and outputs an output voltage associated with the input voltage and being DC. When the input voltage is higher than a predetermined reference voltage value, the conventional power supply device operates in a first mode to output an input voltage as an output voltage. When the input voltage is lower than the reference voltage value, the conventional power supply device operates in a second mode to boost the input voltage to an output voltage and stabilize the output voltage at a predetermined target voltage value. Conventional power supply devices switch directly from one of the first mode and the second mode to the other of the first mode and the second mode, and thus are subject to relatively large current stresses. In addition, conventional power supply devices cause each of the input voltage and the output voltage to have a relatively large chopping component, resulting in a system using a conventional power supply device having a relatively short life and relatively poor stability. Sex.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a power supply apparatus that can ameliorate at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art.

Therefore, the power supply device of the present invention comprises an input end, an output end, a switch, a conversion module and a control module. An input voltage is received at the input. An output voltage is output at the output. The switch is coupled between the input end and the output end, and switches between conducting and non-conducting according to a first control signal. When the switch is turned on, the input voltage is output as the output voltage via the switch. The conversion module is coupled between the input terminal and the output terminal, and selectively converts the input voltage into the output voltage according to a second control signal. The control module is coupled to the input end, the output end, the switch and the conversion module, and generates the first control signal and the second control signal according to at least the input voltage and the output voltage. The power supply device is operable in a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode, the first control signal is assembled such that the switch is turned on and the second control signal is assembled such that the conversion module does not convert. In the second mode, the first control signal is assembled such that the switch is non-conducting, and the second control signal is assembled according to the output voltage, so that the conversion module performs conversion and the output voltage is stabilized at A preset target voltage value. When the power supply device operates in the second mode and a first condition associated with the input voltage is established, the control module assembles the first control signal such that the switch is non-conducting and the second is assembled The signal is controlled such that the conversion module performs the conversion and the output voltage gradually changes toward the input voltage.

The effect of the present invention is that the power supply device is switched from the second mode to the first by the processing of the control module when the power supply device operates in the second mode and the first condition is established. The mode is subjected to relatively small current stresses.

Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, a first embodiment of the power supply device of the present invention comprises an input terminal 1, an output terminal 2, a first switch 3, a conversion module 4, a control module 5 and a The capacitor 6 is adapted to receive a DC input voltage Vin and an input current Iin at the input terminal 1, and output a DC output voltage Vout at the output terminal 2. The input voltage Vin falls within a range from a minimum input voltage value Vin_min to a maximum input voltage value Vin_max (ie, Vin_min £ Vin £ Vin_max). The capacitor 6 is coupled between the output terminal 2 and a reference node (eg, ground) and filters the output voltage Vout.

The first switch 3 is coupled between the input terminal 1 and the output terminal 2, and switches between conduction and non-conduction according to a first control signal CTRL1. When the first switch 3 is turned on, the input voltage Vin is output as the output voltage Vout via the first switch 3.

The conversion module 4 is coupled between the input terminal 1 and the output terminal 2, and selectively converts the input voltage Vin into an output voltage Vout according to a second control signal CTRL2. In this embodiment, the conversion module 4 performs boost conversion, and includes an inductor 41, a diode 42 and a second switch 43. The inductor 41, the diode 42 and the second switch 43 are coupled in a Y shape between the input terminal 1, the output terminal 2 and the reference node. The inductor 41 is coupled to the input terminal 1. The cathode of the diode 42 is coupled to the output terminal 2. The second switch 43 is coupled to the reference node and switches between conducting and non-conducting according to the second control signal CTRL2.

The control module 5 is coupled to the input terminal 1, the output terminal 2, the first switch 3, and the second switch 43, and generates a first control signal CTRL1 and a second control signal CTRL2 according to the input voltage Vin and the output voltage Vout.

Under the control of the control module 5, the power supply device is operable in a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode, the first control signal CTRL1 is assembled such that the first switch 3 is turned on and the second control signal CTRL2 is assembled such that the second switch 43 is non-conducting (ie, the conversion module 4 does not perform the conversion). In the second mode, the first control signal CTRL1 is assembled such that the first switch 3 is non-conducting, and the second control signal CTRL2 is assembled according to the output voltage Vout such that the second switch 43 alternates between conduction and non-conduction. (ie, the conversion module 4 performs conversion), and the output voltage Vout is stabilized at a preset target voltage value Vtarget. In the present embodiment, the target voltage value Vtarget is greater than the minimum input voltage value Vin_min.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the power supply device operates in the second mode and the first condition associated with the input voltage Vin is established, the control module 5 assembles the first control signal CTRL1 such that the first switch 3 is non-conducting, and The second control signal CTRL2 is assembled such that the second switch 43 alternates between conduction and non-conduction (ie, the conversion module 4 performs conversion), and the output voltage Vout gradually changes toward the input voltage Vin. Therefore, the power supply device operates neither in the second mode nor in the first mode. In this embodiment, the first condition is that the input voltage Vin is greater than the reference voltage value Vref for a predetermined delay time Tdelay. The reference voltage value Vref is greater than the minimum input voltage value Vin_min and is less than the maximum input voltage value Vin_max and the target voltage value Vtarget. In addition, in the embodiment, when the power supply device operates in the second mode and the first condition is established, the second control signal is combined according to one of the output voltage Vout and the input current Iin, so that the output voltage Vout is gradually decreased. Close to the input voltage Vin. It is worth noting that in other embodiments, the first condition may be independent of the delay time Tdelay.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the difference between the output voltage Vout and the input voltage Vin is reduced to a preset gap voltage value Vgap, the control module 5 is configured with the first control signal CTRL1 and the second control signal CTRL2, so that the power supply The supply device enters the first mode. It is worth noting that FIG. 2 shows the case where the processing time of the power supply device is zero. Actually, the processing time of the power supply device is not zero, so when the difference between the output voltage Vout and the input voltage Vin is reduced to the gap voltage value Vgap, the power supply device does not immediately enter the first mode, and when the power supply When the device enters the first mode, the difference between the output voltage Vout and the input voltage Vin is reduced to be smaller than the gap voltage value Vgap. In the present embodiment, the gap voltage value Vgap is previously set to be sufficient such that the difference between the output voltage Vout and the input voltage Vin is zero when the power supply device enters the first mode.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the power supply device operates in the first mode and the second condition associated with the input voltage Vin is established, the control module 5 assembles the first control signal CTRL1 such that the first switch 3 is non-conducting, and The second control signal CTRL2 is assembled such that the second switch 43 alternates between conduction and non-conduction (ie, the conversion module 4 performs conversion), and the output voltage Vout gradually changes toward the target voltage value Vtarget. In this embodiment, the second condition is that the input voltage Vin is smaller than the reference voltage value Vref; and when the power supply device operates in the first mode and the second condition is established, the second control signal CTRL2 is based on the output voltage Vout and the input current Iin One of the components is configured such that the output voltage Vout gradually increases from a preset minimum voltage value Vmin to approach the target voltage value Vtarget. The minimum voltage value Vmin is greater than or equal to the reference voltage value Vref and is less than the target voltage value Vtarget.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the output voltage Vout reaches the target voltage value Vtarget, the control module 5 assembles the first control signal CTRL1 and the second control signal CTRL2, so that the power supply device enters the second mode.

In summary, the power supply device of the present embodiment has the following advantages: 1. The power supply device is in the second mode by the control module 5 when the power supply device operates in the second mode and the first condition is established. Switching to the first mode draws a relatively small tidal current at input 1 and is therefore subject to relatively small current stresses. 2. The output voltage Vout is relatively slow when the power supply device is switched from the first mode to the second mode by the control module 5 when the power supply device operates in the first mode and the second condition is established. The ground is increased to the target voltage value Vtarget, causing the power supply device to withstand relatively small current stress. 3. The processing by the control module 5 when the power supply device operates in the second mode and the first condition is established, and when the power supply device operates in the first mode and the second condition is established by the control module 5 The processing performed, the power supply device continuously draws energy at the input terminal 1, causing each of the input voltage Vin and the output voltage Vout to have a relatively small chopping component, and thus a system using the power supply device has a relatively high Long life and relatively good stability. 4. By delaying the time Tdelay, it is possible to prevent the power supply device from unintentionally switching from the second mode to the first mode when the input voltage Vin is unstable or has noise.

Referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the second embodiment of the power supply device of the present invention is a modification of the first embodiment, and is different from the first embodiment in that: 1. The conversion module 4' performs buck conversion. And includes a second switch 44, an inductor 45 and a diode 46. The second switch 44, the inductor 45 and the diode 46 are coupled in a Y shape between the input terminal 1, the output terminal 2 and the reference node. The second switch 44 is coupled to the input terminal 1 and is also coupled to the control module 5' and switches between conduction and non-conduction according to the second control signal CTRL2. The inductor 45 is coupled to the output terminal 2. The anode of the diode 46 is coupled to a reference node. 2. The target voltage value Vtarget is less than the maximum input voltage value Vin_max. 3. The first condition is that the input voltage Vin is less than the preset reference voltage value Vref to reach the delay time Tdelay. The reference voltage value Vref is greater than the minimum input voltage value Vin_min and the target voltage value Vtarget, and is less than the maximum input voltage value Vin_max. It is worth noting that in other embodiments, the first condition may be independent of the delay time Tdelay. 4. When the power supply device operates in the second mode and the first condition is established, the second control signal CTRL2 is assembled according to one of the output voltage Vout and the input current Iin such that the output voltage Vout gradually increases to approach the input voltage Vin. 5. The second condition is that the input voltage Vin is greater than the reference voltage value Vref. 6. When the power supply device operates in the first mode and the second condition is established, the second control signal is combined according to one of the output voltage Vout and the input current Iin such that the output voltage Vout is from a preset maximum voltage value Vmax Gradually decrease and approach the target voltage value Vtarget. The maximum voltage value Vmax is less than or equal to the reference voltage value Vref and is greater than the target voltage value Vtarget.

In summary, the power supply device of the present embodiment has the following advantages: 1. The power supply device is in the second slave by the control module 5' when the power supply device operates in the second mode and the first condition is established. When the mode is switched to the first mode, a relatively small tidal current is drawn at input 1 and thus withstands relatively small current stresses. 2. By the control module 5' processing performed when the power supply device operates in the first mode and the second condition is established, when the power supply device is switched from the first mode to the second mode, the output voltage Vout is relatively relatively Slowly reducing to the target voltage value Vtarget causes the power supply to withstand relatively small current stresses. 3. The processing by the control module 5' when the power supply device operates in the second mode and the first condition is established, and the control module 5' operates in the first mode and the second condition in the power supply device At the time of establishment, the power supply device continuously draws energy at the input terminal 1, causing each of the input voltage Vin and the output voltage Vout to have a relatively small chopping component, and thus a system using the power supply device has Relatively long life and relatively good stability. 4. By delaying the time Tdelay, it is possible to prevent the power supply device from unintentionally switching from the second mode to the first mode when the input voltage Vin is unstable or has noise.

However, the above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and all the equivalent equivalent changes and modifications according to the scope of the patent application and the patent specification of the present invention are still The scope of the invention is covered.

1‧‧‧ input
Iin‧‧‧ input current
2‧‧‧output
Tdelay‧‧‧Delayed time
3‧‧‧First switch
Vgap‧‧‧ gap voltage value
4, 4'‧‧‧ conversion module
Vin‧‧‧Input voltage
41, 45‧‧‧Inductance
Vin_max‧‧‧Maximum input voltage value
42, 46‧‧‧ diodes
Vin_min‧‧‧minimum input voltage value
43, 44‧‧‧ second switch
Vmax‧‧‧ maximum voltage value
5, 5'‧‧‧ control module
Vmin‧‧‧ minimum voltage value
6‧‧‧ Capacitance
Vout‧‧‧ output voltage
CTRL1‧‧‧ first control signal
Vref‧‧‧ reference voltage value
CTRL2‧‧‧second control signal
Vtarget‧‧‧ target voltage value

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the embodiments of the present invention, wherein: FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram illustrating a first embodiment of the power supply apparatus of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a timing diagram The operation of the first embodiment when switching from a second mode to a first mode is illustrated; FIG. 3 is a timing chart illustrating the operation of the first embodiment when switching from the first mode to the second mode; Is a circuit block diagram illustrating a second embodiment of the power supply device of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a timing chart illustrating the operation of the second embodiment when switching from the second mode to the first mode; and FIG. 6 is a timing chart The figure illustrates the operation of the second embodiment when switching from the first mode to the second mode.

Tdelay‧‧‧Delayed time

Vmax‧‧‧ maximum voltage value

Vgap‧‧‧ gap voltage value

Vmin‧‧‧ minimum voltage value

Vin‧‧‧Input voltage

Vout‧‧‧ output voltage

Vin_max‧‧‧Maximum input voltage value

Vref‧‧‧ reference voltage value

Vin_min‧‧‧minimum input voltage value

Vtarget‧‧‧ target voltage value

Claims (20)

A power supply device comprising: an input terminal at which an input voltage is received; an output terminal at which an output voltage is output; a first switch coupled to the input terminal and the output terminal And switching between conducting and non-conducting according to a first control signal, when the first switch is turned on, the input voltage is output as the output voltage via the first switch; a conversion module coupled to Between the input terminal and the output terminal, and selectively converting the input voltage into the output voltage according to a second control signal; and a control module coupled to the input end, the output end, and the first switch And the conversion module, and generating the first control signal and the second control signal according to at least the input voltage and the output voltage; the power supply device is operable in a first mode and a second mode, in the In a mode, the first control signal is configured such that the first switch is turned on, and the second control signal is configured such that the conversion module does not perform conversion. In the second mode, the first control signal is configured such that the first switch is non-conducting, and the second control signal is assembled according to the output voltage, so that the conversion module performs conversion and the output voltage is stabilized at a preset target voltage value; when the power supply device operates in the second mode and a first condition associated with the input voltage is established, the control module assembles the first control signal such that the first The switch is non-conducting and the second control signal is assembled such that the conversion module performs conversion and the output voltage gradually changes toward the input voltage. The power supply device of claim 1, wherein the input voltage falls within a range from a minimum input voltage value to a maximum input voltage value, wherein the conversion module performs boost conversion, the target voltage value The value is greater than the minimum input voltage value, and the first condition is that the input voltage is greater than a predetermined reference voltage value, the reference voltage value being greater than the minimum input voltage value and less than the maximum input voltage value and the target voltage value. The power supply device of claim 2, wherein the first condition is that the input voltage is greater than the reference voltage value for a predetermined delay time. The power supply device of claim 2, wherein when the power supply device operates in the second mode and the first condition is established, the second control signal is combined such that the output voltage is gradually decreased Close to the input voltage. The power supply device of claim 2, wherein the conversion module comprises: an inductor, a diode, and a second switch coupled between the input terminal, the output terminal and a reference node Y-shaped, the inductor is coupled to the input end, the cathode of the diode is coupled to the output end, the second switch is coupled to the reference node, and is coupled to the control module, and according to the The two control signals switch between conducting and non-conducting. The power supply device of claim 1, wherein the input voltage falls within a range from a minimum input voltage value to a maximum input voltage value, wherein the conversion module performs a buck conversion, the target voltage value Less than the maximum input voltage value, and the first condition is that the input voltage is less than a preset reference voltage value, the reference voltage value being greater than the minimum input voltage value and the target voltage value, and less than the maximum input voltage value. The power supply device of claim 6, wherein the first condition is that the input voltage is less than the reference voltage value for a predetermined delay time. The power supply device of claim 6, wherein when the power supply device operates in the second mode and the first condition is established, the second control signal is combined such that the output voltage is gradually increased Close to the input voltage. The power supply device of claim 6, wherein the conversion module comprises: a second switch, an inductor and a diode, coupled between the input end, the output end and a reference node Forming a Y-shaped switch, the second switch is coupled to the input end, is further coupled to the control module, and is switched between conducting and non-conducting according to the second control signal, the inductor is coupled to the output end, The anode of the diode is coupled to the reference node. The power supply device of claim 1, wherein the control module is configured to match the first control signal when the difference between the output voltage and the input voltage is reduced to a preset gap voltage value. The second control signal causes the power supply device to enter the first mode. The power supply device of claim 10, wherein the gap voltage value is sufficient such that a difference between the output voltage and the input voltage is zero when the power supply device enters the first mode. The power supply device of claim 1, wherein the second control signal is combined according to the output voltage when the power supply device operates in the second mode and the first condition is established. The power supply device of claim 1, wherein an input current is received at the input terminal, and when the power supply device operates in the second mode and the first condition is established, the second control signal is The input current is combined according to the input current. The power supply device of claim 1, wherein: the control module assembles the first when the power supply device operates in the first mode and a second condition associated with the input voltage is established Controlling the signal, so that the first switch is non-conducting, and the second control signal is assembled, so that the conversion module performs conversion and the output voltage gradually changes toward the target voltage value; when the output voltage reaches the target voltage value, The control module is configured to match the first control signal and the second control signal, so that the power supply device enters the second mode. The power supply device of claim 14, wherein the input voltage falls within a range from a minimum input voltage value to a maximum input voltage value, wherein the conversion module performs boost conversion, the target voltage value Greater than the minimum input voltage value, and the second condition is that the input voltage is less than a predetermined reference voltage value, the reference voltage value being greater than the minimum input voltage value and less than the maximum input voltage value and the target voltage value. The power supply device of claim 15, wherein when the power supply device operates in the first mode and the second condition is established, the second control signal is assembled such that the output voltage is from a pre- The minimum voltage value is gradually increased to approach the target voltage value, and the minimum voltage value is greater than or equal to the reference voltage value and less than the target voltage value. The power supply device of claim 14, wherein the input voltage falls within a range from a minimum input voltage value to a maximum input voltage value, wherein the conversion module performs buck conversion, the target voltage value Less than the maximum input voltage value, and the second condition is that the input voltage is greater than a predetermined reference voltage value, the reference voltage value being less than the maximum input voltage value and greater than the minimum input voltage value and the target voltage value. The power supply device of claim 17, wherein when the power supply device operates in the first mode and the second condition is established, the second control signal is assembled such that the output voltage is from a pre- The maximum voltage value is gradually decreased to approach the target voltage value, and the maximum voltage value is less than or equal to the reference voltage value and greater than the target voltage value. The power supply device of claim 14, wherein the second control signal is combined according to the output voltage when the power supply device operates in the second mode and the second condition is established. The power supply device of claim 14, wherein an input current is received at the input terminal, and when the power supply device operates in the second mode and the second condition is established, the second control signal is The input current is combined according to the input current.