TWI517514B - Intelligent solar panel switching system and method - Google Patents

Description

Intelligent solar panel switching system and method

The invention relates to a circuit switching system, in particular to a smart solar panel switching system and method, which can instantly isolate and re-adjust a combined series and parallel circuit of an internal solar module unit, so as to continue to provide stable power output and improve solar power generation. The fault tolerance of the system.

The international oil price has been fluctuating in the past ten years, which has led to the continuous increase of oil and electricity in China. However, nuclear power technology has many uncertainties. The use of renewable energy is a means to realize non-nuclear homes and get rid of the fluctuations caused by oil prices. The development of renewable energy and the improvement of the efficiency of existing use have become the main issues today. Among the known renewable energy sources, solar power generation is the most mature. However, current solar power generation systems often have abnormal currents caused by damage caused by environmental factors such as lightning strikes and typhoons, and lack of protection. When a single solar panel is abnormal, The internal solar cell impedance will become larger, and the power output of the module will be affected, resulting in lower overall module efficiency and even affect the life of the solar cell. Moreover, most of the solar panels on the market are partially damaged. Or being shielded by foreign matter causes accelerated aging and damage, which increases the error rate and causes unnecessary waste. In summary, what is the change? The fault tolerance and reliability of solar power generation and the provision of a convenient management system are currently the goals of improvement.

It can be seen that there are still many shortcomings in the above-mentioned methods of use, which is not a good design, but needs to be improved.

The invention provides a smart solar panel switching system, comprising: a solar panel with N×N solar module units arranged in a series arrangement of N×N arrays, which receives the voltage and current generated by the sunlight, and The current is outputted at a rated voltage, wherein N is a positive integer of 2 or greater, and a switching circuit is connected to each of the solar module units, and the voltage output of the solar panel is controlled by switching of the switching circuit, and a current detecting circuit is Connecting and detecting the current outputted by the solar panel, and a microcontroller, determining the state of each solar panel according to the result of each current detecting circuit, and determining the switching mode of each switching circuit according to the state of each solar panel, The solar module units are brought into a preset series-parallel connection, wherein the preset series-parallel connection is a combination of a series-parallel circuit with a maximum current amount.

The switching circuit includes a plurality of switches connected to the solar module units, and the series arrangement of the series and parallel circuits of each of the solar module unit arrays is adjusted. The plurality of diodes are connected in parallel between the solar module units.

A smart solar panel switching method is applied to a smart solar panel switching system, wherein an array of N×N solar module units is arranged in an initial circuit mode by N series N and circuit combinations, wherein N is 2 or greater than 2 The positive integer is as follows: detecting the current of the circuit of each solar module unit through a plurality of current detecting circuits; and determining, by the microcontroller, whether the circuit of each solar module unit is abnormal, and when there is an abnormality, the micro control According to the abnormal number and position of each of the solar module units, a switching circuit is used to adjust the series arrangement of the series and parallel circuits of the solar module unit arrays, and the solar module units corresponding to the abnormal number of the solar module units are respectively The array of parallel and parallel circuits of the array is arranged as follows: when the abnormal number of the solar module units is equal to 1, or equal to or greater than N ² - (N-1), it indicates that there is no need for adjustment of the circuit, so the solar module units are The circuit maintains the initial circuit mode; and when the abnormal number of the solar module units is greater than 1 and less than N ² -(N-1), The circuits of the solar module units are switched to an advanced circuit mode, wherein the advanced circuit mode is a combination of series and parallel circuits of maximum current amount.

The intelligent solar panel switching system and method provided by the invention have the following advantages when compared with other conventional technologies:

1. The intelligent solar panel switching system of the invention can achieve high reliability and high capacity Wrong, when the solar panel is abnormal or damaged locally, the intelligent solar panel switching circuit uses the automatic parallel circuit technology to switch the switching mode of the circuit to the fixed voltage output, so that the smart solar panel switching system achieves high reliability and high fault tolerance.

2. The smart solar panel switching system of the present invention can monitor whether each solar module unit is abnormal, and use the current detecting circuit to instantly detect the output current of each solar module unit, and identify whether each solar module unit is abnormal or damaged. .

3. The intelligent solar panel switching system of the invention can delay the overall aging and damage rate of the solar power generation system. Since the internal impedance of the solar cell is inversely proportional to the illuminance of the sunlight, the solar power generation is unbalanced in order to avoid shielding or damage. And shortening the life of the solar system, the intelligent solar switching circuit of the invention can realize the instant isolation and re-adjustment of the series arrangement of the series and parallel circuits of the solar panel, so that it can continue to provide stable power output.

The detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is intended to be limited to the scope of the invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The patent scope of this case.

In summary, this case is not only innovative in terms of space type, but also can enhance the above-mentioned multiple functions compared with conventional articles. It should fully comply with the statutory invention patent requirements of novelty and progressiveness, and apply for it according to law. Approved this invention patent application, in order to invent invention, to the sense of virtue.

10‧‧‧Solar module unit

20‧‧‧Switching circuit

30‧‧‧ Current detection circuit

40‧‧‧ diode

50‧‧‧Microcontroller

10A~10M‧‧‧Solar module unit

S61~S67‧‧‧Step procedure

E ₁₁ ~E ₁₃ ‧‧‧Solar panels

E ₂₁ ~E ₂₃ ‧‧‧ solar panels

E ₃₁ ~E ₃₃ ‧‧‧Solar panels

S ₁₁ ~S ₈₁ ‧‧‧Switching isolating switch

S ₁₂ ~S ₂₁ ‧‧‧Switching isolating switch

Figure 1 is a schematic view of a smart solar panel switching system of the present invention.

2 is a schematic diagram of a series and parallel connection of solar module units of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the series and parallel connection of the solar module units of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the series and parallel connection of the solar module units of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a series and parallel connection of solar module units of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a flow chart of the smart solar panel switching method of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a circuit diagram of the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a circuit diagram of the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a schematic view of the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a circuit diagram of the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention.

Figure 12 is a circuit diagram of the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention.

Figure 13 is a circuit diagram of the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention.

Figure 14 is a circuit diagram of the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention.

Figure 15 is a circuit diagram of the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention.

Figure 16 is a circuit diagram of the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention.

Figure 17 is a circuit diagram of the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention.

Figure 18 is a schematic view of the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention.

The technical features, contents, and advantages of the present invention, as well as the advantages thereof, can be understood by the reviewing committee, and the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The subject matter is only for the purpose of illustration and description. It is not intended to be a true proportion and precise configuration after the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, the scope and configuration relationship of the attached drawings should not be interpreted or limited. First described.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of a smart solar panel switching system of the present invention, as shown in the figure, wherein N×N solar module units 10 and switching circuit 20 , current detecting circuit 30 , and diode 40 and micro The controller 50 is connected. When the N×N solar module units 10 are subjected to a voltage and current by the sunlight, the current detected by the N×N solar module units 10 can be detected by the current detecting circuit 30 and matched with the switching of the switching circuit 20. The mode controls the voltage output of the N×N solar module units 10, and the microcontroller 50 determines the state of each of the solar module units 10 according to the results of the current detecting circuits 30, and according to the state of each of the solar module units 10 The switching mode of each switching circuit 20 is determined, so that each of the solar module units 10 completes the preset series-parallel effect, and the series-parallel circuits that have reached the maximum current amount are arranged in combination.

Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a solar module unit string of the present invention. In a parallel schematic diagram, the N×N solar module units 10 are arranged into a two-string two-circuit circuit arrangement, which includes a solar module unit 10A, a solar module unit 10B, a solar module unit 10C, and a solar module unit 10D. The actual abnormal test results of the circuit of the two-series and two-circuit circuit arrangement are shown in Table 1. The solar module unit 10A is represented as A, the solar module unit 10B is represented as B, and the solar module unit 10C is represented as C and the solar module. Unit 10D is denoted as D.

It can be seen from Table 1 that when the abnormal number of the solar module unit 10 is equal to 1 (less than N/2), the output voltage is about 12V and the current is about 80mA; when the abnormal number of the solar module unit 10 is equal to 3 (greater than N/2) When the output voltage is 3V current 20mA; when the solar module unit 10 abnormal number is equal to 2 (equal to N/2), there will be two obvious output differences, as can be seen from the first table, when the solar module unit 10 is A or B at the same time or C and D are abnormal at the same time, the output voltage is about 12V and the current is about 80mA; the solar module unit 10 is A and C at the same time abnormal, or A and D are abnormal at the same time, or B and C are simultaneously Abnormal, or B and D at the same time the output voltage is about 9V current about 70mA. It can be seen from the above that when the solar module unit 10 in the smart solar panel switching system is abnormal, the switching circuit 20 switches the N×N solar module units 10 therein to the maximum of two series numbers, which can make the smart type The solar panel voltage and current are stable output.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic diagram of a series and parallel connection of solar module units according to the present invention. N×N solar module units 10 are planned to be arranged in a series of three strings and three circuits, including solar module units 10E~10M, please refer to In the fourth embodiment, when the solar module unit 10F, the solar module unit 10G, and the solar module unit 10K are abnormal (the number of abnormalities is less than N/2), the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention will be the solar module unit 10E. ~10M is automatically switched to the switching circuit 20 as the series arrangement of the series and parallel circuits as shown in FIG. 5, and the abnormal series circuit is disconnected, and the actual abnormal test result of the circuit of the three-string triple-circuit circuit combination as shown in Table 2 is It is shown that the output efficiency of the N×N solar module units 10 at a fixed voltage is relatively high, wherein the solar module units 10E-10M are represented as E~M.

Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is a flow chart of a smart solar panel switching method according to the present invention. The circuit module corresponding to the switching circuit 20 is illustrated with the second and second parallel circuit combination arrangement of FIG. 2 and FIGS. 7-9 . The solar module unit 10A is denoted as A, the solar module unit 10B is denoted as B, the solar module unit 10C is denoted as C and the solar module unit 10D is denoted as D, and the solar module units 10A to 10D are provided with outputs A+, B+ , C+, D+, A-, B-, C-, and D-, the switching steps are as follows: S61: start or restart N×N solar module units 10A~10D and switching circuit 20; S62: when N×N When the solar module units 10A to 10D and the switching circuit 20 have no switching state, the first circuit mode is maintained, as shown in FIG. 7; S63: determining whether the current detecting circuit 30 is abnormal, and if the S67 is not executed, the flow is ended; If the abnormality is reached, the microcontroller 50 determines the switching mode of each of the switching circuits 20 according to the abnormal number of the N×N solar module units 10A-10D; S64: When the number of abnormalities is less than N/2, the switching circuit 20 is in the first circuit mode, and S63 is again executed to determine whether the current detecting circuit 30 is abnormal, as shown in FIG. 7; S65: when the abnormal number is greater than N/2 The switching circuit 20 is in the first circuit mode and performs S63 again to determine whether the current detecting circuit 30 is abnormal, as shown in FIG. 8; and S66: when the abnormal number is equal to N/2, if the connected number of the solar module unit 10A When the solar module unit 10B is abnormal at the same time or the solar module unit 10C or the solar module unit 10D is abnormal at the same time, the switching circuit 20 is in the first circuit mode, as shown in FIG. 7, and S63 is again executed to determine whether the current detecting circuit 30 is An abnormality occurs; if the solar module unit 10A and the solar module unit 10C of the unconnected number are abnormal at the same time or the solar module unit 10B and the solar module unit 10D are abnormal at the same time, the switching circuit 20 is in the second circuit mode, as shown in FIG. As shown, and executing S63 again, it is determined whether the current detecting circuit 30 is abnormal; if the second unconnected number of the solar module unit 10A and the solar module unit 10D are different at the same time 10B or solar cell module, the solar module while the abnormal unit 10C, the third switching circuit 20 is a circuit pattern, as shown in FIG. 9, S63 is executed again and the current detection circuit 30 determines whether an abnormality occurs.

Please refer to FIG. 10 , which is a schematic diagram of the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention, wherein the X-level intelligent solar panel is composed of N×N. The solar module units 10 are arranged in a combination of two strings and two circuits, where X is 2 or a positive integer greater than 2.

Please refer to FIGS. 11-17, which are circuit diagrams of the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention, which are circuit diagrams of a three-string triple-circuit combination arrangement, and FIG. 11 is an initial circuit mode in which solar panels Eij, j are strings. No. i is the piece number. For example, the solar panel E13 is the third solar panel of the first string, wherein the switching isolating switch Sk1, k is a switching switch, and 1 is an isolating switch, wherein when Sk1=off, k≠3,6 When, as shown in Figure 11.

When there is a solar panel Eij abnormality in the circuit combination arrangement, it can be divided into two cases. When Sk2=on, k≠1, Sk1=off, k≠3, 6, as shown in Fig. 12, the abnormality is solar energy. Plate E11; when Sk2=on, k≠4, 5, 6, and Sk1=off, k≠6, as shown in Fig. 13, the abnormality is the solar panel E21. When there are two solar panels Eij abnormality in the circuit combination arrangement, it can be divided into three cases. When Sk2=on, k≠1, Sk1=off, k≠3, 6, as shown in Fig. 12, the abnormality is Solar panel E11 and solar panel E12; when Sk2=on, k≠4, 5, 6, Sk1=off, k≠6, as shown in Fig. 13, the abnormality is solar panel E21 and solar panel E23; when Sk2= On, k≠2, 8, 9, Sk1=off, k≠4, as shown in Fig. 14, the abnormality is solar panel E12 and solar panel E32.

When there are three solar panels Eij abnormality in the circuit combination arrangement, It can be divided into four cases. When Sk2=on, k≠1, Sk1=off, k≠3, 6, as shown in Fig. 12, the abnormality is solar panel E11, solar panel E12 and solar panel E13; when Sk2 =on,k≠4,5,6,Sk1=off,k≠6, as shown in Fig. 13, the abnormality is solar panel E21, solar panel E22 and solar panel E23; when Sk2=on, k≠3, 5,7,Sk1=off,k≠5, as shown in Fig. 15, the abnormality is solar panel E13, solar panel E22 and solar panel E31; when Sk2=on, k≠1, 4, 6, Sk1=off When k≠1, 6, as shown in Fig. 16, the abnormality is solar panel E11, solar panel E12, and solar panel E32. When the loop section of the solar panel Eij is pre-opened, Sk2 = on, k ≠ 1, and Sk1 = off, as shown in Fig. 17.

Please refer to FIG. 18 , which is a schematic diagram of a smart solar panel switching system according to the present invention, wherein the X-layer smart solar panel is arranged by a plurality of the solar module units 10 in a three-string triple circuit combination, wherein X is 2 Or a positive integer greater than 2.

The smart solar panel switching system and method provided by the invention can achieve high reliability and high fault tolerance when compared with other conventional technologies, and the smart solar panel switching system utilizes when the solar panel is partially abnormal or damaged. Automatic parallel series technology to switch to fixed voltage output, making smart The solar panel switching system achieves high reliability and high fault tolerance, and the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention can monitor whether each solar module unit is abnormal, and uses the current detecting circuit to instantly detect the output current of the N×N solar module units. Size, and identify whether each solar module unit is abnormal or damaged. In addition, the smart solar panel switching system of the present invention can delay the overall aging and damage rate of the solar power system, due to the internal impedance of the solar cell and the illumination of the sunlight. In contrast, in order to avoid factors such as shadowing or damage, resulting in unbalanced solar power generation and shortening the life of the solar system, the smart solar switchboard system of the present invention can realize the instant isolation and readjustment of the series-parallel circuit arrangement of the solar panels, so that When some solar panels are damaged, the series and parallel circuits can be automatically detected and switched to maintain the stability of the output voltage to continue to provide stable power output.

The detailed description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative of a preferred embodiment of the invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The patent scope of this case.

To sum up, this case is not only innovative in terms of technical thinking, but also has many of the above-mentioned functions that are not in the traditional methods of the past. It has fully complied with the statutory invention patent requirements of novelty and progressiveness, and applied for it according to law. Approved this invention patent application, in order to invent invention, to the sense of virtue.

10‧‧‧Solar module unit

20‧‧‧Switching circuit

30‧‧‧ Current detection circuit

40‧‧‧ diode

50‧‧‧Microcontroller

Claims (2)

A smart solar panel switching system comprises: N×N solar module units arranged in a combination of N strings and N circuits on a solar panel, each solar module unit receiving a circuit for generating voltage and current in sunlight And outputting the current at a rated voltage, wherein N is a positive integer greater than 2 or greater than 2; a switching circuit is connected to each of the solar module units, and controls a voltage output of the solar panel through a switching mode of the switching circuit; a current detecting circuit is connected to each of the solar module units, detecting the output current of the solar panel to determine the abnormal number and position of the solar panel, and adjusting a combination of the series and parallel circuits of the solar module unit arrays by using a switching circuit; a microcontroller is connected to each of the solar module units, and determines the state of each solar panel according to the result of each current detecting circuit, and determines a switching mode of each switching circuit according to the state of each solar panel. Each of the solar module units reaches a preset series-parallel connection, wherein the preset series-parallel connection is a series-parallel connection with a maximum current amount The circuit is arranged in combination, and the switching of the microcontroller includes the following steps: S61: starting or restarting N×N solar module units and switching circuits; S62: when N×N solar module units and switching circuits have no switching state, Keep in the first circuit mode; S63: determining whether the current detecting circuit is abnormal, if the S67 is not executed, the process ends; if abnormal, the microcontroller determines the switching mode of each switching circuit according to the abnormal number of the N×N solar module units; S64: when abnormal When the number is less than N/2, the switching circuit is in the first circuit mode, and S63 is again executed to determine whether the current detecting circuit is abnormal; S65: when the abnormal number is greater than N/2, the switching circuit is in the first circuit mode and S63 is performed again. Whether the current detecting circuit is abnormal; and S66: when the abnormal number is equal to N/2, if the solar module unit of the connected number is abnormal at the same time, the switching circuit is in the first circuit mode, and S63 is again executed to determine whether the current detecting circuit is abnormal. If the solar module unit of the unconnected number is abnormal at the same time, the switching circuit is in the second circuit mode, and S63 is again executed to determine whether the current detecting circuit is abnormal; if the solar module unit of the second unconnected number is abnormal at the same time, The switching circuit is in the third circuit mode, and S63 is again executed to determine whether the current detecting circuit is abnormal. A smart solar panel switching method is applied to a smart solar panel switching system, wherein an array of N×N solar module units is arranged in an initial mode by combining N strings and N circuits, wherein N is 2 or greater than 2 The integer is as follows: detecting the current of the circuit of each solar module unit through a plurality of current detecting circuits; and determining, by the microcontroller, whether the circuit of each solar module unit is abnormal, and when there is an abnormality, the microcontroller According to the abnormal number and position of each of the solar module units, a switching circuit is used to adjust the array arrangement of the series and parallel circuits of the solar module unit arrays, and the solar module unit arrays corresponding to the abnormal number of the solar module units are respectively The series-parallel circuit combination is arranged as follows: when the abnormal number of the solar module units is equal to 1, or equal to or greater than N ² - (N-1), the circuits of the solar module units maintain the initial circuit mode; when the number of the abnormality of the solar cell module is greater than 1 and less than N ² - between the (N-1), the circuit of the solar module units of each of the cut Advanced a circuit pattern, wherein the pattern-based Advanced circuit arranged to provide a combination of series and parallel circuits maximum current of the solar panel.