TWI469471B - Method and circuit of the pulse charging with mppt - Google Patents

Method and circuit of the pulse charging with mppt Download PDF

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TWI469471B
TWI469471B TW101144076A TW101144076A TWI469471B TW I469471 B TWI469471 B TW I469471B TW 101144076 A TW101144076 A TW 101144076A TW 101144076 A TW101144076 A TW 101144076A TW I469471 B TWI469471 B TW I469471B
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capacitor
voltage
pulse
value
switch
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TW101144076A
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Chinese (zh)
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TW201421850A (en
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Jen Hao Teng
Yong Lu Liang
Shang Wen Luan
Chan Nan Lu
Yi Cheng Lin
Hung Liang Cheng
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Univ Nat Sun Yat Sen
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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Description

具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電電路及其充電方法Pulse type charging circuit with maximum power tracking and charging method thereof

　　本發明是有關於一種充電電路，特別是一種具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電電路。
The present invention relates to a charging circuit, and more particularly to a pulsed charging circuit with maximum power tracking.

　　一種太陽能發電裝置包含一用以使太陽光能轉換為電能之太陽能板、一用於儲存太陽能板所轉換的電能之儲能單元、一電性連接於太陽能板與儲能單元間且使儲能單元維持在一恆定電壓之穩壓電路、一與儲能單元電性連接且用以對儲能單元的輸出電壓進行降壓之降壓電路，由於太陽能板所提供之該充電電流必須隨著太陽光能的大小加以調整，較難實現大電流的充電技術，使得儲能的速度緩慢，而降低了太陽能板的使用效率，且由於該太陽能發電裝置並無保護該儲能單元之設計，因此該儲能單元容易因過度充電而減短其使用壽命。
A solar power generation device comprises a solar panel for converting solar energy into electrical energy, an energy storage unit for storing electrical energy converted by the solar panel, an electrical connection between the solar panel and the energy storage unit, and energy storage. The unit maintains a constant voltage voltage regulator circuit, a step-down circuit electrically connected to the energy storage unit and used to step down the output voltage of the energy storage unit, and the charging current provided by the solar panel must follow the sun The size of the light energy is adjusted, and it is difficult to realize a charging technology with a large current, so that the energy storage speed is slow, and the solar panel use efficiency is lowered, and since the solar power generation device does not protect the design of the energy storage unit, The energy storage unit is prone to shorten its service life due to overcharging.

　　本發明之主要目的在於提供一具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電電路，可實現以大脈衝電流快速的對電池進行充電，且當電池電壓超過其預設之電壓基準值時可轉用浮充或是結束充電的方式來保護電池。
　　本發明之一種具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電電路包含一電力源、一最大功率追蹤轉換器、一第一電容、一第一開關、一第二電容、一脈衝充電轉換器及一負載，該最大功率追蹤轉換器電性連接該電力源，該第一電容電性連接該最大功率追蹤轉換器，該第二電容電性連接該第一開關，該脈衝充電轉換器電性連接該第一開關及該第二電容，該負載電性連接該脈衝充電轉換器，其中該電力源可透過該最大功率追蹤轉換器對該第一電容及該第二電容儲能，該第二電容可透過該脈衝充電轉換器對該負載儲能。
　　本發明藉由導通或截止該第一開關使得該電力源所產生之功率可持續的儲存於該第一電容或該第二電容，來提升對太陽光能的利用率，藉由調整該電力源所輸出功率之最大功率值來避免該第一電容、該第二電容及該負載過度儲能而損壞，並藉由改變該脈衝充電轉換器所提供之脈衝電流大小來實現大電流脈衝充電、降低充電時間及保護負載。
The main object of the present invention is to provide a pulse charging circuit with maximum power tracking, which can quickly charge a battery with a large pulse current, and can be used for floating charge when the battery voltage exceeds its preset voltage reference value. It is the way to end charging to protect the battery.
A pulsed charging circuit with maximum power tracking includes a power source, a maximum power tracking converter, a first capacitor, a first switch, a second capacitor, a pulse charging converter, and a load. The maximum power tracking converter is electrically connected to the power source, the first capacitor is electrically connected to the maximum power tracking converter, and the second capacitor is electrically connected to the first switch, and the pulse charging converter is electrically connected to the first switch And the second capacitor, the load is electrically connected to the pulse charging converter, wherein the power source can store the first capacitor and the second capacitor through the maximum power tracking converter, and the second capacitor can transmit the pulse The charge converter stores energy for the load.
The present invention improves the utilization of solar energy by continuously or cutting off the first switch such that the power generated by the power source is continuously stored in the first capacitor or the second capacitor, by adjusting the power source. The maximum power value of the output power is to prevent the first capacitor, the second capacitor and the load from being excessively stored and damaged, and the large current pulse is charged and reduced by changing the pulse current provided by the pulse charging converter. Charging time and protection load.

　　請參閱第1圖，為本發明之一實施例，一種具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電方法10，其包含以下步驟：提供一具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電電路11；判斷負載之電壓是否不大於電壓基準值12；第一充電步驟(a)；以及第二充電步驟(b)，其中於提供一具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電電路11步驟中，請參閱第2圖，該具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電電路100包含一電力源110、一最大功率追蹤轉換器120、一第一電容130、一第一開關140、一第二電容150、一脈衝充電轉換器160、一負載170及一控制元件180，該電力源110可為再生能源、市電或蓄電池…等等，在本實施例中，該電力源110為一太陽能板，而該電力源110所提供之功率具有一最大功率值，該最大功率值初始設定為太陽能板功率之額定值，該最大功率追蹤轉換器120電性連接該電力源110，該最大功率追蹤轉換器120藉由調整其開關導通率使得該電力源110可操作在最大功率點，該第一電容130電性連接該最大功率追蹤轉換器120，該第一電容130之電壓具有一第一最大電壓值及一第一最小電壓值，該第一開關140電性連接該第一電容130，該第二電容150電性連接該第一開關140，該第二電容150之電壓具有一第二最大電壓值及一第二最小電壓值，且該第二最大電壓值等於該第一最小電壓值，該脈衝充電轉換器160電性連接該第一開關140及該第二電容150，該脈衝充電轉換器160提供一脈衝電流，該脈衝電流具有一最大脈衝電流值及一最小脈衝電流值，該負載170電性連接該脈衝充電轉換器160並接收該脈衝電流，該負載170之電壓具有一電壓基準值，在本實施例中，該負載170為一蓄電池，該控制元件180電性連接該電力源110、該最大功率追蹤轉換器120、該第一電容130、該第一開關140、該第二電容150、該脈衝充電轉換器160及該負載170。
　　請參閱第1圖，在判斷該負載之電壓是否不大於電壓基準值的步驟中，是以該控制元件180偵測該負載170之電壓並判斷該負載170之電壓是否不大於該電壓基準值，若該負載170之電壓不大於該電壓基準值則進行第一充電步驟(a)，若該負載170之電壓大於該電壓基準值則進行第二充電步驟(b)。
　　請參閱第2及3圖，當該控制元件180偵測到該負載170之電壓不大於該電壓基準值時則進行第一充電步驟(a)，首先導通該第一開關(a1)，導通該第一開關140可使該電力源110透過該最大功率追蹤轉換器120對該第一電容130及該第二電容150進行儲能，而同時該控制元件180偵測該第一電容130及該第二電容150之電壓，以進行(a2)步驟，當該第一電容130及該第二電容150並聯後之電壓大於該第一最小電壓值時則截止該第一開關140使該第二電容150透過該脈衝充電轉換器160對該負載170進行儲能，而該電力源110則持續透過該最大功率追蹤轉換器120對該第一電容130儲能直到出現以下兩種狀況，其一為當該控制元件180偵測到該第一電容130之電壓不大於該第一最大電壓值且該第二電容150之電壓不大於該第二最小電壓值時，由於該第二電容150之電壓已放電至該第二最小電壓值以下，因此該第二電容150必須再由該電力源110進行儲能，在進行判斷負載之電壓是否不大於該電壓基準值12的步驟後，再決定由第一充電步驟(a)或由第二充電步驟(b)對該第二電容150儲能，其二為當該控制元件180偵測到當該第一電容130之電壓大於該第一最大電壓值且該第二電容150之電壓大於該第二最小電壓值時，由於該第一電容130之電壓大於該第一最大電壓值，爲避免該電力源110持續對該第一電容130儲能，使得該第一電容130過充而損壞，因此進行一第一快速充電及保護電池步驟(c)。該第一快速充電及保護電池步驟(c)包含：將該脈衝電流調升一電流預設值(c1)；判斷該脈衝電流是否不大於該脈衝電流最大值(c2)；及將該脈衝電流設定為該脈衝電流最大值，且將該電力源之功率調降一功率預設值(c3)。首先由於該第二電容150之電壓大於該第二最小電壓值，代表該第二電容150的電壓還未放電至該第二最小電壓值，因此進行(c1)，將該脈衝充電轉換器160所提供之脈衝電流提升一電流預設值以加快該第二電容150對該負載170之儲能，接著進行(c2)，以該控制元件180判斷該脈衝電流是否不大於該脈衝電流最大值，若該脈衝電流不大於該脈衝電流最大值則進行(a2)，使該第二電容150繼續對該負載170儲能，若該脈衝電流大於該脈衝電流最大值則進行(c3)，將該脈衝電流設定為該脈衝電流最大值，且將該電力源110之最大功率值調降一功率預設值後，再進行判斷負載之電壓是否不大於該電壓基準值12之步驟，藉由調降該電力源110之最大功率值可減少該電力源110對該第一電容130及第二電容150的儲能，以保護該第一電容130及該第二電容150。
　　請參閱第2及4圖，當該控制元件180偵測到該負載170之電壓大於該電壓基準值時則進行第二充電步驟(b)，首先導通該第一開關(b1)，導通該第一開關140可使該電力源110透過該最大功率追蹤轉換器120對該第一電容130及該第二電容150儲能，而同時該控制元件180偵測該第一電容130及該第二電容150之電壓，以進行(b2)步驟，當該第一電容130及該第二電容150並聯後之電壓大於該第一最小電壓值時則截止該第一開關140使該第二電容150透過該脈衝充電轉換器160對該負載170進行儲能，而該電力源110則持續透過該最大功率追蹤轉換器120對該第一電容130儲能直到出現以下兩種狀況，其一為當該第一電容130之電壓不大於該第一最大電壓值且該第二電容150之電壓不大於該第二最小電壓值時，由於該負載170之電壓大於該電壓基準值，將該脈衝電流降低一電流預設值，以減少該第二電容150對該負載170之儲能，再進行判斷負載之電壓是否不大於該電壓基準值12之步驟，其二為當該第一電容130之電壓大於該第一最大電壓值且該第二電容150之電壓大於該第二最小電壓值時，由於該負載170之電壓大於該電壓基準值，且該第一電容130之電壓大於該第一最大電壓值，爲防止該第一電容130及該負載170過度充電而損壞，進行一第二快速充電及保護電池步驟(d)，該第二快速充電及保護電池步驟(d)包含：將該脈衝電流調降一電流預設值且將該電力源之該最大功率值調降一功率預設值(d1)；判斷該脈衝電流是否大於該脈衝電流最小值(d2)；是否結束充電；及該脈衝電流設定為該脈衝電流最小值(d3)。首先將該脈衝電流調降一電流預設值且將該電力源110之該最大功率值調降一功率預設值，以降低該第二電容150對該負載170之儲能並減少該電力源110對該第一電容130及該第二電容150之儲能，以保護該第一電容130、該第二電容150及該負載170，接著進行(d2)，以該控制元件180判斷該脈衝電流是否大於該脈衝電流最小值，若該脈衝電流大於該脈衝電流最小值則進行判斷負載之電壓是否不大於該電壓基準值12之步驟，使該第二電容150繼續對該負載170儲能，若該脈衝電流不大於該脈衝電流最小值則進行是否結束充電之步驟，由於此時該負載170之電壓大於該電壓基準值且該脈衝電流已經調降至該脈衝電流最小值，因此，可選擇結束充電來移除負載170或是進行(d3)，將該脈衝電流設定為該脈衝電流最小值對該負載170進行浮充，再進行判斷負載之電壓是否不大於該電壓基準值12之步驟。
　　請參閱第2圖，該最大功率追蹤轉換器120具有一第一電感121、一第二開關122及一第一二極體123，該第一電感121之一端電性連接該電力源110，該第一電感121之另一端電性連接該第二開關122及該第一二極體123，其中該第一二極體123避免該第一電容130朝向該第一電感121及該第二開關122放電，並藉由該控制元件180調整該第二開關122之開關導通率，使該電力源110可操作於最大功率點，該脈衝充電轉換器160具有一第三開關161、一第二二極體162、一第二電感163及一第三電容164，該第三開關161電性連接該第一開關140及該第二電容150，該第二二極體162及該第二電感163電性連接該第三開關161，該第三電容164電性連接該第二電感163，該第二二極體162避免該第三電容164朝向該第二電感163放電，並藉由該控制元件180控制該第三開關161，使該第二電容150可透過該脈衝充電轉換器160以脈衝電流對該負載170儲能。
　　本發明之該具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電方法10透過導通或截止該第一開關140使得該電力源110產生之功率可持續的儲存於該第一電容130或該第二電容150，來提升對太陽光能的利用率，藉由調整該電力源110輸出功率之最大功率值來避免該第一電容130、該第二電容150及該負載170過度儲能而損壞，並藉由改變該脈衝充電轉換器160所提供之脈衝電流大小來實現大電流脈衝充電、降低充電時間及保護負載170。
　　本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準，任何熟知此項技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內所作之任何變化與修改，均屬於本發明之保護範圍。
Referring to FIG. 1 , a pulsed charging method 10 with maximum power tracking according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: providing a pulsed charging circuit 11 with maximum power tracking; determining whether the voltage of the load is not More than the voltage reference value 12; a first charging step (a); and a second charging step (b), wherein in the step of providing a pulsed charging circuit 11 with maximum power tracking, please refer to FIG. 2, the maximum power The tracking pulse charging circuit 100 includes a power source 110, a maximum power tracking converter 120, a first capacitor 130, a first switch 140, a second capacitor 150, a pulse charging converter 160, a load 170, and A control element 180, the power source 110 can be a renewable energy source, a mains or a battery, etc. In the embodiment, the power source 110 is a solar panel, and the power provided by the power source 110 has a maximum power value. The maximum power value is initially set to a rating of the solar panel power, and the maximum power tracking converter 120 is electrically connected to the power source 110, and the maximum power tracking converter 120 is adjusted by opening The first conductivity 130 is electrically connected to the maximum power tracking converter 120, and the voltage of the first capacitor 130 has a first maximum voltage value and a first minimum. The first switch 140 is electrically connected to the first capacitor 130, and the second capacitor 150 is electrically connected to the first switch 140. The voltage of the second capacitor 150 has a second maximum voltage value and a second minimum. a voltage value, and the second maximum voltage value is equal to the first minimum voltage value. The pulse charging converter 160 is electrically connected to the first switch 140 and the second capacitor 150. The pulse charging converter 160 provides a pulse current. The pulse current has a maximum pulse current value and a minimum pulse current value. The load 170 is electrically connected to the pulse charging converter 160 and receives the pulse current. The voltage of the load 170 has a voltage reference value, in this embodiment. The load 170 is a battery, and the control component 180 is electrically connected to the power source 110, the maximum power tracking converter 120, the first capacitor 130, the first switch 140, the second capacitor 150, and the Chong charging converter 160 and the load 170.
Referring to FIG. 1 , in the step of determining whether the voltage of the load is not greater than the voltage reference value, the control component 180 detects the voltage of the load 170 and determines whether the voltage of the load 170 is not greater than the voltage reference value. If the voltage of the load 170 is not greater than the voltage reference value, the first charging step (a) is performed, and if the voltage of the load 170 is greater than the voltage reference value, the second charging step (b) is performed.
Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, when the control component 180 detects that the voltage of the load 170 is not greater than the voltage reference value, performing a first charging step (a), first turning on the first switch (a1), turning on the The first switch 140 can cause the power source 110 to store the first capacitor 130 and the second capacitor 150 through the maximum power tracking converter 120, and the control component 180 detects the first capacitor 130 and the first The voltage of the second capacitor 150 is performed to perform the (a2) step. When the voltage of the first capacitor 130 and the second capacitor 150 in parallel is greater than the first minimum voltage value, the first switch 140 is turned off to make the second capacitor 150. The load 170 is stored by the pulse charging converter 160, and the power source 110 continues to store the first capacitor 130 through the maximum power tracking converter 120 until the following two conditions occur, one of which is when When the voltage of the first capacitor 130 is not greater than the first maximum voltage value and the voltage of the second capacitor 150 is not greater than the second minimum voltage value, the voltage of the second capacitor 150 is discharged to The second minimum voltage value is below, therefore The second capacitor 150 must be further stored by the power source 110. After the step of determining whether the voltage of the load is not greater than the voltage reference value 12, the first charging step (a) or the second charging step is determined. (b) storing energy for the second capacitor 150, and secondly, when the control component 180 detects that the voltage of the first capacitor 130 is greater than the first maximum voltage value and the voltage of the second capacitor 150 is greater than the second In the case of the minimum voltage value, since the voltage of the first capacitor 130 is greater than the first maximum voltage value, in order to prevent the power source 110 from continuously storing energy for the first capacitor 130, the first capacitor 130 is overcharged and damaged. A first fast charging and protecting battery step (c). The step (c) of the first fast charging and protecting battery comprises: raising the pulse current by a current preset value (c1); determining whether the pulse current is not greater than the pulse current maximum value (c2); and the pulse current The pulse current maximum value is set, and the power of the power source is adjusted to a power preset value (c3). First, since the voltage of the second capacitor 150 is greater than the second minimum voltage value, the voltage representing the second capacitor 150 has not been discharged to the second minimum voltage value, so (c1), the pulse charging converter 160 is performed. The pulse current is boosted by a current preset value to accelerate the storage of the second capacitor 150 to the load 170, and then (c2), the control component 180 determines whether the pulse current is not greater than the maximum value of the pulse current. If the pulse current is not greater than the maximum value of the pulse current, (a2) is performed, so that the second capacitor 150 continues to store energy for the load 170, and if the pulse current is greater than the maximum value of the pulse current, (c3), the pulse current is performed. After the pulse current maximum value is set, and the maximum power value of the power source 110 is adjusted to a power preset value, the step of determining whether the voltage of the load is not greater than the voltage reference value 12 is performed, by lowering the power. The maximum power value of the source 110 can reduce the energy storage of the first capacitor 130 and the second capacitor 150 by the power source 110 to protect the first capacitor 130 and the second capacitor 150.
Referring to FIGS. 2 and 4, when the control component 180 detects that the voltage of the load 170 is greater than the voltage reference value, performing a second charging step (b), first turning on the first switch (b1), turning on the first A switch 140 can cause the power source 110 to store the first capacitor 130 and the second capacitor 150 through the maximum power tracking converter 120, and the control component 180 detects the first capacitor 130 and the second capacitor. a voltage of 150, in the step (b2), when the voltage of the first capacitor 130 and the second capacitor 150 in parallel is greater than the first minimum voltage value, the first switch 140 is turned off to pass the second capacitor 150 The pulse charging converter 160 stores the load 170, and the power source 110 continues to store the first capacitor 130 through the maximum power tracking converter 120 until the following two conditions occur, one of which is when the first When the voltage of the capacitor 130 is not greater than the first maximum voltage value and the voltage of the second capacitor 150 is not greater than the second minimum voltage value, since the voltage of the load 170 is greater than the voltage reference value, the pulse current is reduced by a current pre- Set a value to reduce the second The capacitor 150 stores the energy of the load 170, and then determines whether the voltage of the load is not greater than the voltage reference value 12, and secondly, when the voltage of the first capacitor 130 is greater than the first maximum voltage value and the second capacitor When the voltage of 150 is greater than the second minimum voltage value, since the voltage of the load 170 is greater than the voltage reference value, and the voltage of the first capacitor 130 is greater than the first maximum voltage value, the first capacitor 130 and the load are prevented. 170 is overcharged and damaged, performing a second fast charging and protecting battery step (d), the second fast charging and protecting battery step (d) comprises: reducing the pulse current by a current preset value and the power source The maximum power value is adjusted by a power preset value (d1); whether the pulse current is greater than the pulse current minimum value (d2); whether the charging is ended; and the pulse current is set to the pulse current minimum value (d3). First, the pulse current is adjusted to a current preset value, and the maximum power value of the power source 110 is lowered by a power preset value to reduce the energy storage of the second capacitor 150 to the load 170 and reduce the power source. The energy storage of the first capacitor 130 and the second capacitor 150 protects the first capacitor 130, the second capacitor 150, and the load 170, and then performs (d2), and the control element 180 determines the pulse current. Whether it is greater than the minimum value of the pulse current, if the pulse current is greater than the minimum value of the pulse current, performing a step of determining whether the voltage of the load is not greater than the voltage reference value 12, so that the second capacitor 150 continues to store energy for the load 170, if If the pulse current is not greater than the minimum value of the pulse current, the step of ending the charging is performed. Since the voltage of the load 170 is greater than the voltage reference value and the pulse current has been adjusted to the minimum value of the pulse current, the end can be selected. Charging to remove the load 170 or performing (d3), setting the pulse current to the minimum value of the pulse current to float the load 170, and then determining whether the voltage of the load is not greater than the voltage base. The step of the standard value of 12.
Referring to FIG. 2 , the maximum power tracking converter 120 has a first inductor 121 , a second switch 122 , and a first diode 123 . One end of the first inductor 121 is electrically connected to the power source 110 . The other end of the first inductor 121 is electrically connected to the second switch 122 and the first diode 123. The first diode 123 prevents the first capacitor 130 from facing the first inductor 121 and the second switch 122. Discharging, and adjusting the switch conductance of the second switch 122 by the control component 180, the power source 110 is operable at a maximum power point, the pulse charge converter 160 having a third switch 161 and a second diode The first switch 161 and the second capacitor 164 are electrically connected to the first switch 140 and the second capacitor 150. The second diode 162 and the second inductor 163 are electrically connected. The third capacitor 164 is electrically connected to the second inductor 163. The second diode 162 prevents the third capacitor 164 from being discharged toward the second inductor 163 and is controlled by the control component 180. The third switch 161 allows the second capacitor 150 to pass through the pulse charging converter 160 The load 170 is stored in a pulsed current.
The pulsing charging method 10 with maximum power tracking of the present invention enhances the power generated by the power source 110 to be stored in the first capacitor 130 or the second capacitor 150 by turning on or off the first switch 140. By utilizing the maximum power value of the output power of the power source 110, the first capacitor 130, the second capacitor 150, and the load 170 are prevented from being excessively stored and damaged, and the pulse is changed. The magnitude of the pulse current provided by the charge converter 160 enables high current pulse charging, reduced charging time, and protection of the load 170.
The scope of the present invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims, and any changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention are within the scope of the present invention. .

10．．．具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電方法10. . . Pulsed charging method with maximum power tracking

11．．．提供一具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電電路11. . . Provide a pulsed charging circuit with maximum power tracking

12．．．判斷負載之電壓是否不大於電壓基準值12. . . Determine if the voltage of the load is not greater than the voltage reference value

(a)．．．第一充電步驟(a). . . First charging step

(a1)．．．導通該第一開關(a1). . . Turn on the first switch

(a2)．．．當該第一電容及該第二電容並聯後之電壓大於該第一最小電壓值則截止該第一開關；是否該第一電容之電壓不大於該第一最大電壓值且該第二電容之電壓不大於該第二最小電壓值；是否該第一電容之電壓大於該第一最大電壓值且該第二電容之電壓大於該第二最小電壓值(a2). . . Turning off the first switch when the voltage of the first capacitor and the second capacitor in parallel is greater than the first minimum voltage; whether the voltage of the first capacitor is not greater than the first maximum voltage and the voltage of the second capacitor Not greater than the second minimum voltage value; whether the voltage of the first capacitor is greater than the first maximum voltage value and the voltage of the second capacitor is greater than the second minimum voltage value

(b)．．．第二充電步驟(b). . . Second charging step

(b1)．．．導通該第一開關(b1). . . Turn on the first switch

(b2)．．．當該第一電容及該第二電容並聯後之電壓大於該第一最小電壓值則截止該第一開關；是否該第一電容之電壓不大於該第一最大電壓值且該第二電容之電壓不大於該第二最小電壓值；是否該第一電容之電壓大於該第一最大電壓值且該第二電容之電壓大於該第二最小電壓值(b2). . . Turning off the first switch when the voltage of the first capacitor and the second capacitor in parallel is greater than the first minimum voltage; whether the voltage of the first capacitor is not greater than the first maximum voltage and the voltage of the second capacitor Not greater than the second minimum voltage value; whether the voltage of the first capacitor is greater than the first maximum voltage value and the voltage of the second capacitor is greater than the second minimum voltage value

(c)．．．第一快速充電及保護電池步驟(c). . . First fast charging and battery protection steps

(c1)．．．該脈衝電流調升一電流預設值(c1). . . The pulse current is raised by a current preset value

(c2)．．．判斷該脈衝電流是否不大於該脈衝電流最大值(c2). . . Determine whether the pulse current is not greater than the maximum value of the pulse current

(c3)．．．該脈衝電流設定為該脈衝電流最大值，該電力源之功率調降一功率預設值(c3). . . The pulse current is set to the maximum value of the pulse current, and the power of the power source is adjusted by a power preset value.

(d)．．．第二快速充電及保護電池步驟(d). . . Second fast charging and battery protection steps

(d1)．．．該脈衝電流調降一電流預設值且該電力源之功率調降一功率預設值(d1). . . The pulse current is adjusted by a current preset value and the power of the power source is adjusted by a power preset value.

(d2)．．．判斷該脈衝電流是否大於該脈衝電流最小值(d2). . . Determine whether the pulse current is greater than the pulse current minimum

(d3)．．．該脈衝電流設定為該脈衝電流最小值(d3). . . The pulse current is set to the pulse current minimum

100．．．具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電電路100. . . Pulsed charging circuit with maximum power tracking

110．．．電力源110. . . Power source

120．．．最大功率追蹤轉換器120. . . Maximum power tracking converter

121．．．第一電感121. . . First inductance

122．．．第二開關122. . . Second switch

123．．．第一二極體123. . . First diode

130．．．第一電容130. . . First capacitor

140．．．第一開關140. . . First switch

150．．．第二電容150. . . Second capacitor

160．．．脈衝充電轉換器160. . . Pulse charge converter

161．．．第三開關161. . . Third switch

162．．．第二二極體162. . . Second diode

163．．．第二電感163. . . Second inductance

164．．．第三電容164. . . Third capacitor

170．．．負載170. . . load

180．．．控制元件180. . . control element

第1圖：依據本發明之一實施例，一種具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電方法之流程圖。
第2圖：依據本發明之一實施例，一種具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電電路。
第3圖：依據本發明之一實施例，一第一充電步驟及一第一快速充電及電池保護步驟之流程圖。
第4圖：依據本發明之一實施例，一第二充電步驟及一第二快速充電及電池保護步驟之流程圖。
Figure 1 is a flow chart of a pulsed charging method with maximum power tracking in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2: A pulsed charging circuit with maximum power tracking in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a flow diagram of a first charging step and a first fast charging and battery protection step in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a flow chart of a second charging step and a second fast charging and battery protection step in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

100．．．具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電電路100. . . Pulsed charging circuit with maximum power tracking

110．．．電力源110. . . Power source

120．．．最大功率追蹤轉換器120. . . Maximum power tracking converter

121．．．第一電感121. . . First inductance

122．．．第二開關122. . . Second switch

123．．．第一二極體123. . . First diode

130．．．第一電容130. . . First capacitor

140．．．第一開關140. . . First switch

150．．．第二電容150. . . Second capacitor

160．．．脈衝充電轉換器160. . . Pulse charge converter

161．．．第三開關161. . . Third switch

162．．．第二二極體162. . . Second diode

163．．．第二電感163. . . Second inductance

164．．．第三電容164. . . Third capacitor

170．．．負載170. . . load

180．．．控制元件180. . . control element

Claims (10)

一種具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電電路，其包含：一電力源；一最大功率追蹤轉換器，其電性連接該電力源；第一電容，其電性連接該最大功率追蹤轉換器，該電力源可透過該最大功率追蹤轉換器對該第一電容儲能；一第一開關，其電性連接該第一電容；一第二電容，其電性連接該第一開關，該電力源可透過該最大功率追蹤轉換器對該第二電容儲能；一脈衝充電轉換器，其電性連接該第一開關及該第二電容；一負載，其電性連接該脈衝充電轉換器，該第二電容可透過該脈衝充電轉換器對該負載儲能；以及一控制元件，其電性連接該電力源、該最大功率追蹤轉換器、該第一電容、該第一開關、該第二電容、該脈衝充電轉換器及該負載，該控制元件以判斷該負載之電壓是否不大於該負載之電壓的一電壓基準值作為該最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電電路之充電方法的依據。 A pulse-type charging circuit with maximum power tracking, comprising: a power source; a maximum power tracking converter electrically connected to the power source; and a first capacitor electrically connected to the maximum power tracking converter, the power The source can store the first capacitor through the maximum power tracking converter; a first switch electrically connected to the first capacitor; and a second capacitor electrically connected to the first switch, the power source is permeable The maximum power tracking converter stores the second capacitor; a pulse charging converter electrically connected to the first switch and the second capacitor; a load electrically connected to the pulse charging converter, the second The capacitor can store the load through the pulse charging converter; and a control component electrically connected to the power source, the maximum power tracking converter, the first capacitor, the first switch, the second capacitor, the a pulse charging converter and the load, the control element is configured to determine whether the voltage of the load is not greater than a voltage reference value of the voltage of the load as a charge of the pulse charging circuit of the maximum power tracking Based methods. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電電路，其中該最大功率追蹤轉換器具有一第一電感、一第二開關及一第一二極體，該第一電感之一端電性連接該電力源，該第一電感之另一端電性連接該第二開關及該第一二極體，其中該第一二極體避免該第一電容朝向該第一電感及該第二開關放電。 The pulse-type charging circuit with maximum power tracking as described in claim 1, wherein the maximum power tracking converter has a first inductor, a second switch, and a first diode, and the first inductor has one end Electrically connecting the power source, the other end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the second switch and the first diode, wherein the first diode avoids the first capacitor toward the first inductor and the second The switch is discharged. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式 充電電路，其中該脈衝充電轉換器具有一第三開關、一第二二極體、一第二電感及一第三電容，該第三開關電性連接該第一開關及該第二電容，該第二二極體及該第二電感電性連接該第三開關，該第三電容電性連接該第二電感，該第二二極體避免該第三電容朝向該第二電感放電。 Pulsed with maximum power tracking as described in claim 1 or 2 a charging circuit, wherein the pulse charging converter has a third switch, a second diode, a second inductor, and a third capacitor, the third switch electrically connecting the first switch and the second capacitor, the third The second diode is electrically connected to the third switch, and the third capacitor is electrically connected to the second inductor, and the second diode prevents the third capacitor from discharging toward the second inductor. 一種使用申請專利範圍第1項所述之具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電電路的充電方法，其中若該負載之電壓不大於該電壓基準值則進行一第一充電步驟(a)，若該負載之電壓大於該電壓基準值則進行一第二充電步驟(b)；第一充電步驟(a)包含：(a1)導通該第一開關，該電力源透過該最大功率追蹤轉換器對該第一電容及該第二電容儲能；及(a2)當該第一電容及該第二電容並聯後之電壓大於該第一電容之電壓的一第一最小電壓值則截止該第一開關使該第二電容透過該脈衝充電轉換器對該負載進行儲能；當該第一電容之電壓不大於該第一電容之電壓之一第一最大電壓值，且該第二電容之電壓不大於該第二電容之電壓之一第二最小電壓值時，則進行判斷負載之電壓是否不大於該電壓基準值的步驟；當該第一電容之電壓大於該第一最大電壓值且該第二電容之電壓大於該第二最小電壓值時，則進行一第一快速充電及保護電池步驟；以及第二充電步驟(b)包含：(b1)導通該第一開關，該電力源透過該最大功率追蹤轉換器對該第一電容及該第二電容儲能；及(b2)當該第一電容及該第二電容並聯後之電壓大於該第一最小電壓值則截止該第一開關使該第二電容透過該脈 衝充電轉換器對該負載進行儲能；當該第一電容之電壓不大於該第一最大電壓值且該第二電容之電壓不大於該第二電最小壓值時，則將該脈衝充電轉換器所提供之一脈衝電流降低一電流預設值，再進行判斷負載之電壓是否不大於該電壓基準值之步驟；當該第一電容之電壓大於該第一最大電壓值且該第二電容之電壓大於該第二最小電壓值時，則進行一第二快速充電及保護電池步驟。 A charging method using a pulse-type charging circuit with maximum power tracking as described in claim 1, wherein if the voltage of the load is not greater than the voltage reference value, a first charging step (a) is performed, if the load The second charging step (b) is performed when the voltage is greater than the voltage reference value; the first charging step (a) includes: (a1) turning on the first switch, the power source transmitting the first through the maximum power tracking converter The capacitor and the second capacitor store energy; and (a2) when the voltage of the first capacitor and the second capacitor in parallel is greater than a first minimum voltage value of the voltage of the first capacitor, the first switch is turned off to enable the first The second capacitor stores the load through the pulse charging converter; when the voltage of the first capacitor is not greater than a first maximum voltage value of the voltage of the first capacitor, and the voltage of the second capacitor is not greater than the second When the voltage of the capacitor is one of the second minimum voltage values, the step of determining whether the voltage of the load is not greater than the voltage reference value is performed; when the voltage of the first capacitor is greater than the first maximum voltage value and the voltage of the second capacitor is greater than The a second minimum voltage value, a first fast charging and protection battery step; and a second charging step (b) comprising: (b1) turning on the first switch, the power source is transmitted through the maximum power tracking converter a capacitor and the second capacitor storing energy; and (b2) when the voltage of the first capacitor and the second capacitor in parallel is greater than the first minimum voltage value, turning off the first switch to pass the second capacitor through the pulse The charge charging converter stores the load; when the voltage of the first capacitor is not greater than the first maximum voltage value and the voltage of the second capacitor is not greater than the second electrical minimum voltage value, the pulse is charged and converted The pulse current is reduced by a current preset value, and then the step of determining whether the voltage of the load is not greater than the voltage reference value is performed; when the voltage of the first capacitor is greater than the first maximum voltage value and the second capacitor When the voltage is greater than the second minimum voltage value, a second fast charging and battery protection step is performed. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電方法，其中該第一快速充電及保護電池步驟包含：(c1)將該脈衝電流調升一電流預設值；(c2)以該控制元件判斷該脈衝電流是否不大於該脈衝電流最大值，若該脈衝電流不大於該脈衝電流最大值則進行(a2)步驟，若該脈衝電流大於該脈衝電流則進行(c3)步驟；及(c3)將該脈衝電流設定為該脈衝電流最大值，且將該電力源之最大功率值調降一功率預設值，再進行判斷負載之電壓是否不大於該電壓基準值之步驟。 The pulse charging method with maximum power tracking as described in claim 4, wherein the first fast charging and protecting battery step comprises: (c1) increasing the pulse current by a current preset value; (c2) Determining, by the control component, whether the pulse current is not greater than the maximum value of the pulse current, if the pulse current is not greater than the maximum value of the pulse current, performing the step (a2), and if the pulse current is greater than the pulse current, performing the step (c3); And (c3) setting the pulse current to the maximum value of the pulse current, and adjusting the maximum power value of the power source to a power preset value, and then performing a step of determining whether the voltage of the load is not greater than the voltage reference value. 如申請專利範圍第4或5項所述之具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電方法，其中該第二快速充電及保護電池步驟包含：(d1)將該脈衝電流調降一電流預設值且將該電力源之一最大功率值調降一功率預設值；(d2)判斷該脈衝電流是否大於該脈衝電流之一脈衝電流最小值，若該脈衝電流大於該脈衝電流最小值則進行判斷負載之電壓是否不大於該電壓基準值之步驟，若該脈衝電流不大於該脈衝電流最小值則進行(d3)步驟；及(d3)將該脈衝電流設定為該脈衝電流最小值，再進行 進行判斷負載之電壓是否不大於該電壓基準值之步驟。 The pulse charging method with maximum power tracking as described in claim 4 or 5, wherein the second fast charging and protecting battery step comprises: (d1) reducing the pulse current by a current preset value and The maximum power value of one of the power sources is adjusted by a power preset value; (d2) determining whether the pulse current is greater than a pulse current minimum value of the pulse current, and if the pulse current is greater than the pulse current minimum value, determining the load Whether the voltage is not greater than the voltage reference value, if the pulse current is not greater than the pulse current minimum value, performing (d3) step; and (d3) setting the pulse current to the pulse current minimum value, and then performing A step of determining whether the voltage of the load is not greater than the voltage reference value. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電方法，其中該最大功率追蹤轉換器具有一第一電感、一第二開關及一第一二極體，該第一電感之一端電性連接該電力源，該第一電感之另一端電性連接該第二開關及該第一二極體，其中該第一二極體避免該第一電容朝向該第一電感及該第二開關放電。 The pulse power charging method with maximum power tracking as described in claim 4, wherein the maximum power tracking converter has a first inductor, a second switch, and a first diode, one end of the first inductor Electrically connecting the power source, the other end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the second switch and the first diode, wherein the first diode avoids the first capacitor toward the first inductor and the second The switch is discharged. 如申請專利範圍第4或7項所述之具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電方法，其中該脈衝充電轉換器具有一第三開關、一第二二極體、一第二電感及一第三電容，該第三開關電性連接該第一開關及該第二電容，該第二二極體及該第二電感電性連接該第三開關，該第三電容電性連接該第二電感，該第二二極體避免該第三電容朝向該第二電感放電。 The pulse charging method with maximum power tracking as described in claim 4 or 7, wherein the pulse charging converter has a third switch, a second diode, a second inductor, and a third capacitor. The third switch is electrically connected to the first switch and the second capacitor, the second diode and the second inductor are electrically connected to the third switch, and the third capacitor is electrically connected to the second inductor, the third The diode prevents the third capacitor from discharging toward the second inductor. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電方法，其中將該脈衝電流設定為該脈衝電流最小值之步驟(d3)前另包含一是否結束充電之步驟，若是則結束，若否則進行(d3)步驟。 The pulse charging method with maximum power tracking as described in claim 6 wherein the step of setting the pulse current to the minimum value of the pulse current (d3) further includes a step of ending charging, and if so, ending If not, proceed to the (d3) step. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之具最大功率追蹤之脈衝式充電電路，其中該控制元件電性連接該電力源、該最大功率追蹤轉換器、該第一電容、該第一開關、該第二電容、該脈衝充電轉換器及該負載。The pulse-type charging circuit with maximum power tracking as described in claim 4, wherein the control element is electrically connected to the power source, the maximum power tracking converter, the first capacitor, the first switch, and the first Two capacitors, the pulse charge converter and the load.
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