RU1791898C - Charging and starting device - Google Patents

Abstract

Purpose: the invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, in particular to devices for charging rechargeable batteries (AB). Summary of the invention: a two-position switch, an RC power circuit, a second power amplifier, a third and fourth comparators, a sawtooth generator, two diode-resistor chains and two current-limiting resistors are additionally introduced into the device, the output of the second comparator is connected to the synchronization input a sawtooth voltage generator output connected to the input of the first comparator. The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to devices for charging batteries. A launcher is known that contains an alternating voltage converter to an adjustable constant and a current sensor connected in series between the input and output terminals, a rectifier and a stabilized input connected in series through a dividing diode, the input of which is supplied with a negative bias voltage, an inverse input of the third comparator, etc. my input of the fourth comparator is connected to the input of an uncontrolled rectifier, the inputs of the first and second power amplifier through the corresponding diode the resistor circuits are connected to the outputs of the third and fourth comparators, and through the corresponding current-limiting resistors to the output of the first comparator, the outputs of the first and second power amplifiers are connected to the corresponding control inputs of the controlled rectifier, the common input of the on-off switch is connected to the free terminal of the controlled rectifier , the first output - to the second output terminal of the device, and the second output - to one terminal connected in parallel to the resistor and capacitor of the power RC circuit , the other terminal of which is connected to the first output terminal of the device. The proposed device allows you to automate the battery charge process and increase the reliability. 2 ill. voltage torus, comparator, capacitor, RC-flip-flop, power amplifier, connected to the control input of an AC / DC converter as an adjustable constant, a current regulator, inputs connected to the outputs of the master and current sensor, and an output to the first input coincidence element, the output of which is connected to the input of the RS-flip-flop, a direct output connected through differential VI о о о ю 00 00

Description

a coding RS-chain to the input of the logical element NOT, the second input of the coincidence element and the S-input of the trigger are combined, the first input of the comparator is connected through the installation resistor to the output terminal, the second input, one output of the stabilizer, a power amplifier is connected between the output of the capacitor and the output of lo And ",., ....-JSobJ:.

element Hb.

The disadvantage of this device is the low reliability, complexity of setup, the inability to automate the process of charging the battery by the method of direct current to a predetermined voltage level.

Closest to the invention is a starting device containing a matching transformer with primary and secondary windings connected in series to the input terminals, a controlled rectifier and a current sensor, a free terminal connected to the first output terminal, connected in series through an isolation diode uncontrolled rectifier Splicer connected to the secondary winding of the matching transformer and voltage stabilizer, first and second comparators, first power amplifier, current regulator charge a, inputs connected to the outputs of the master and current sensor, output to input. to the first comparator, the voltage regulator connected to the output of the voltage regulator and the output of the controlled rectifier, the output to the input of the first comparator, the inputs of the second comparator are connected to the output of the uncontrolled rectifier and the voltage regulator.

The disadvantages of this device are the impossibility of automating the process of charging batteries, the reliability of the device is low due to the dependence of the stability of the control system on the specific parameters of components constituting electro-radio products (therefore, the control system requires a rather complicated setting), as well as voltage fluctuations mains supply and ambient temperature.

The purpose of the invention is to automate the process of charging rechargeable batteries and increase the reliability of the device.

This goal is achieved in that in a device containing a matching transformer with primary and secondary windings connected in series to the input terminals, a controlled rectifier and a current sensor, a free terminal connected to the first output terminal, an uncontrolled rectifier connected in series through a diode, connected to the secondary winding matching transformer and stabilizer.

first and second comparators, first power amplifier, charge current controller with inputs connected to the outputs of the master and current sensor, output to the input of the first comparator, voltage controller, inputs 0 connected to the output of the voltage master and the output of the controlled rectifier, output with the input of the first comparator, the inputs of the second comparator are connected to the output of an uncontrolled rectifier and a voltage stabilizer, an on-off switch, an RC power circuit, a second power amplifier, a third and a quad the first comparators, a sawtooth voltage generator, two diode-resistor circuits and two current-limiting resistors, the output of the second comparator is connected to the synchronization input of the sawtooth voltage generator, the output of the connected

5 to the input of the first comparator, the input of which is also supplied with a negative bias voltage, the inverter input of the third comparator and the direct input of the fourth comparator are connected to the input

0 uncontrolled rectifier, the inputs of the first and second power amplifiers are connected to the outputs of the third and fourth comparators through the corresponding diode-resistor circuits, and through the corresponding resistors to the output of the first comparator, the outputs of the first and second power amplifiers are connected to the corresponding control inputs of the controlled straight mitel, common entrance

0 on-off switch is connected to the free terminal of the controlled rectifier, the first output is to the second output device, and the second input is to one terminal connected in parallel to the resistor and capacitor of the RC power circuit / the other output of which is connected to the first output terminal of the device.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a launcher; in FIG. 2 - time diagrams of the device operation.

The bottom-starting device contains a matching transformer connected in series to the input terminals 1 and 2. 3 with primary 4 and secondary 5 windings,

5 controlled rectifier b and current sensor 7, connected via a free output to the first output terminal 8 of the device, connected in series through a diode diode 9 uncontrolled rectifier 10 connected to the secondary

winding 5 of matching transformer 3, and voltage stabilizer 11, first 12 and second 13 comparators, first power amplifier 14, charge current regulator 15, inputs connected to the outputs of master 16 and current sensor 7, output to the input of the first comparator 12, control a voltage generator 17 connected to an output of a voltage master 18 by an input 19 and an output 19 of a controlled rectifier. The output of the voltage regulator with the input of the first comparator 12, the inputs of the second comparator 13 are connected to the output of an uncontrolled rectifier 10 and voltage regulator 11. In addition, two diode-resistor circuits 20 and 21, bi-limiting resistors 22 and 23, the second power amplifier 24, the on-off switch 25, the power RC circuit 26, the third and fourth comparators 27 and 28, the ramp generator 29, the output of the second comparator 13 is connected to the synchronization input 30 of the ramp generator 29, the output house connected to the input of the first comparator 12, to whose input is fed as a negative bias voltage. The inverter input of the third comparator 27 and the direct input of the fourth comparator 28 are connected to the input 31 of an uncontrolled rectifier, the inputs of the first and second power dividers 14 and 24 are connected to the outputs of the third and fourth comparators through the corresponding diode-resistor chains 20 and 21 27 and 28, and through the corresponding current-limiting resistors 22 and 23 to the output of the first comparator 12. The outputs of the first and second power amplifiers 14 and 24 are connected to the corresponding control inputs of the controlled rectifier 6, the common input 32 is two The position switch 26 is connected to the output 19 of the controlled rectifier 6. The first output 33 of the on-off switch is connected to the second output terminal 34 of the device, and the second output 35 is connected to one terminal connected in parallel to the resistor and capacitor of the power RC circuit 26, the other terminal of which is connected to the first output terminal 8 of the device.

In engine start mode, the battery of the vehicle to be started is connected to the third and fourth output terminals 36 and 37 of the device.

The following notation is adopted on the device operation timing charts: 38 — signals at the input of the comparator 13; 39 — pulses at the output of the sawtooth voltage generator 29; 40 - voltage

output of sawtooth generator 29; 41, 42 - voltage at the output of voltage regulator 17 and current regulator 15; 43 - pulses at the output of the comparator 12; 44, 45 — voltage at the output of the third and fourth comparators 27 and 28; 46, 47 pulses at the output of power amplification 14 and 24; 48 - voltage at the output of controlled rectifier 6; 49 — current through a rechargeable battery.

The device operates as follows.

When the supply voltage is turned on, the inputs of the comparator 13 are supplied with signals on an appropriate scale (Fig. 2, item 38) from the positive output of the uncontrolled rectifier 10 and from the negative output of the voltage stabilizer 11. Under their influence, the output of the comparator 13 produces pulses (Fig. 2, pos. 39) with a frequency of 2 networks. This pulses are applied to the synchronization input 30 of the sawtooth voltage generator 29. A negative voltage is applied to the other input of the sawtooth voltage generator from the output of the voltage regulator. As a result, a sawtooth voltage (Fig. 2, item 40) is synchronized with the frequency of the supply network at the generator output. This voltage is applied to the input of comparator 12. Voltage is applied to the other inputs of comparator 12 with the output of current regulator 15 and voltage regulator 17, as well as a negative bias voltage. Control pulses (Fig. 2, item 43) with control angles determined by the sum of the voltages at the outputs of the current regulator and voltage regulator are taken from the output of the comparator 12. These control pulses, via current limiting resistors 22 and 23, are simultaneously supplied to the inputs of power amplifiers 14 and 24.

An alternating voltage is applied to the inverter input of the comparator 27 and the direct input of the comparator 28 from the input 31 of the uncontrolled rectifier 10, under the influence of which the opposite-phase voltages of the rectangular shape are removed from the outputs of the comparator 27 and 28 (Fig. 2, pos. 44, 45 ), as well as synchronized with the frequency of the mains. These voltages are supplied through the diode-resistor circuits 20 and 21 to the inputs of the power amplifiers 14 and 24, respectively. As a result, under the influence of control pulses taken from the comparator 12, the power amplifier is switched on, to the input of which is connected a single-resistor circuit, biased in the opposite direction

voltage from the outputs of the comparator 27 or 28.

In this case, the control pulse from the output of the turned-on power amplifier (Fig. 2, items 46, 47) is applied to the thyristor of the controlled rectifier, the anode of which is positive relative to the cathode, i.e., the distribution of pulses between the thyristors of the controlled rectifier.

In this way, the operation of the controlled rectifier is controlled depending on the voltages of the current regulator and the voltage regulator,

The device provides automation of the battery charging process according to the optimal cycle: charging according to the method of directing the charging current to a predetermined voltage level: automatic transition, upon reaching a predetermined voltage level, to the method of constant voltage; Constant voltage charging until the battery is fully charged. In this case, the device operates as follows: Initially, the device controls are set to the initial positions: on-off switch 25 to the position at which the giro terminals 32 and 35 are closed (the RC circuit 26 is connected to the output of the controlled rectifier 6), the current regulator 16 is the position at which the signal removed from it is maximum (modulo); voltage adjuster 18 to a position where the signal taken from it is zero. Moreover, as shown in FIG. There are no 2 control pulses at the output of comparator 12, and the voltage at the output of the controlled rectifier is zero. Then, the voltage regulator is set to a position in which the signal taken from it corresponds to the final charge voltage and remains in this position until the end of the charge. Under the influence of this signal, the control system generates control pulses with such control angles that at the output of the controlled rectifier, the final charge voltage corresponding to the installation signal from the voltage sensor is set (set) (Fig. 2 installation (task) final charge voltage).

An RC circuit 26 is necessary in order to obtain, at the output of the controlled rectifier, the required final charge voltage at the optimum rated voltage of the secondary winding of transformer 3.

After setting the final voltage of the charge, the current regulator is set to a position where the signal taken from it is equal to zero, the voltage at the output of the controlled rectifier also becomes equal to zero, and switch 25 is set to the position at which its contacts 32 are closed and 33 (a chargeable rechargeable battery is connected to the output of the controlled rectifier). Then, the current master is set to a position in which the signal taken from it corresponds to the desired charge current. Under the influence of the signal from the current source, the control system generates control pulses with such control angles that a stabilized charging current flows through the battery, which corresponds to the installation signal from the current sensor (Fig. 2 Charge by the constant current method).

0 As the AB stabilizes, the voltage at the output of the controlled rectifier increases, that is, the feedback voltage applied to the voltage regulator also increases. When the feedback voltage becomes larger modulo the previously set signal from the voltage regulator (in this case, in Fig. 2), the voltage at the output of the voltage regulator will change so that

0, the voltage at the output of the controlled rectifier did not exceed the previously set final charge voltage. At the same time, as a result of the uncompensated signal from the current setter by the signal

5, the voltage at the output of the current regulator will increase to the saturation voltage.

Thus, a transition to stabilization of the output voltage occurs and a further charge of the battery occurs at a stabilized output voltage (Fig. 2, automatic transition and charging by the method of constant voltage).

The presence of an RC circuit in the device, a two-position switch, the common input of which is connected to the free terminal of the controlled rectifier, the first output to the second output terminal of the device, and the second output to one output turned on

0 parallel to the resistor and capacitor of the RC circuit and the initial setting of the controls to the required positions in the above sequence, allows you to automate the battery charge process by

5 optimal cycle. If necessary, the device allows charging only by the constant current method or by the constant voltage method.

The presence in the device of a sawtooth voltage generator synchronized with the frequency of the supply network, third and fourth comparators, two diode-resistor circuits, two current-limiting resistors and two power amplifiers connected to the corresponding inputs of the controlled rectifier ensures reliable operation of the device regardless of the specific parameters of the elements that make up the control system, as well as from fluctuations in the supply voltage and ambient temperature.

Claims (1)

Testing a prototype of the device confirmed the automation of the AB process and showed the reliability of the device in various conditions. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A start-up device comprising a matching transformer with primary and secondary windings connected in series to the input terminals, a controlled rectifier and a current sensor, a free terminal connected to the first output terminal, and an uncontrolled rectifier connected in series through a diode, connected connected to the secondary winding of the matching transformer, and a voltage stabilizer, the first and second comparators, the first power amplifier, the charge current controller, the inputs are connected nny to the outputs of the setpoint and the current sensor, the output - to the input of the first comparator, the regulator voltage inputs coupled to the output voltage setpoint and output a controllable rectifier, the output - to the input of the first comparator, the inputs of the second comparator connected to the outputs uncontrolled rectifier and voltage stabilizer, characterized in that, in order to automate the charging process and increase the reliability of the device, a two-position switch, an RC power circuit, a second power amplifier, the third and fourth comparators, a sawtooth generator are introduced into it , two supporting resistor chains and two current-limiting resistors, the output of the second comparator is connected to the synchronization input of the sawtooth voltage generator, the output connected to the input of the first comparator, the input of which is supplied with a negative bias voltage, the inverse input of the third comparator and the direct input of the fourth comparator are connected to the input of an uncontrolled rectifier, the inputs of the first and second power amplifiers are connected to the outputs of the third and fourth comparators through the corresponding diode-resistor circuits, and through the corresponding current-limiting resistors - to the output of the first comparator, the outputs of the first and second power amplifiers are connected to the corresponding control inputs of the controlled rectifier , The total input dvuhpozitsyonnogo switch is connected to the free terminal controlled rectifier, the first output - to the second output terminal of the device, and the second output - to the one end connected in parallel resistor and capacitor power RC-circuit, the other terminal of which is connected to the first output terminal of the device. Mr w3-n-jMi; riju no At l / s gt- s l- ;. ; .T.; h-onzsx Ј. U Ux I / IKX LX l / u  C;., ................... s In- / L. JnJZLrZLXn "CL-d AND- 4 45 "Mi: z: i ::: i-i .. :: ii jI, .---- v ..--- - ---- f ---- .i: i, ii: .r :: i ---: -.-.--- .. ii --- J .-- L    G f ...---- y- - .... JL ......... T., J.Wrt  m GC f JXlAJV-i -Jv- --- 4 CL-d I-P.