RU15928U1 - AUTONOMOUS HEATING SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An autonomous heating system containing one or more local sections according to the number of heated rooms with liquid electric heating devices installed in them, as well as a system control unit, characterized in that oil radiators with two electric heating elements are used as electric heating devices, each local section contains a temperature controller, and the control unit contains two circuit breakers for each local area, while one of the heater s oil radiator elements is connected to a first circuit breaker of its local section through the thermostat, the heating element and the other oil radiators connected to the second circuit breaker napryamuyu.2 its local area. The autonomous heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit comprises a programmer with a timer having a number of control channels corresponding to the number of local sections. The autonomous heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil radiators are connected to the network using bolted electrical connections.

Description

Autonomous heating system

The utility model relates to heat engineering, and more specifically to autonomous individual electric heating systems. The most successful real utility model can be used for heating cottages and cottages.

There is a well-known autonomous water heating system for an individual house (see Information leaflet of Krasnodar TsNTI No 271-71 Replacement of small boiler rooms with electric heaters; Krasnodar, 1971, pp. 1-6). The system contains an electric boiler, an expansion vessel with an overflow device, heating devices in the form of water heating radiators and piping connecting them.

The system provides the possibility of heating your own house at any time to the temperature required by the consumer. However, the system is expensive to operate because heating water in an electric boiler requires large amounts of electricity, and the whole system as a whole is very material intensive. At the same time, remote heating radiators receive less heat, since heated water moves by gravity through the system and more heat is transferred to the radiators closest to the boiler.

Currently, direct stationary electric heating, which converts electricity to heat without intermediate heat carriers, is becoming more widespread. Closest to the claimed utility model is an autonomous heating and water preparation system according to the patent of Russia No. 2093761 according to class F24D13 / 00.

M.C. 7 F24D13 / 00; 13/04

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and a boiler, each of which consists of a closed housing filled with a liquid coolant, in which an electric heating element is placed. They are distributed over heated rooms and are local areas of the system. As a control unit of the system, a distributor is used that has a round central contact and a group of arched contacts located around the perimeter of the central contact, as well as a switch slider to which electric heating devices and a boiler are connected in pairs. In this case, the slider is driven by a slow-speed (stepper) motor.

When the power is turned on, the electric motor slowly moves the slider along the contacts of the current distributor and the electricity is supplied alternately to the pairs of heating devices. The liquid coolant connected to the power supply of the heating device quickly absorbs and accumulates the heat generated by the immersed electric heating element. After turning off the power, the heaters give off heat to the heated rooms. In this case, heat transfer through the walls occurs more slowly than its accumulation. Thus, during operation, the system provides a continuous supply of heat to the heated rooms with all heating devices, and they are connected to the network in pairs in turn.

The main disadvantage of this system, as well as all other known electric heating systems, is that the system can operate only at full power and the possibility of partial use of power consumption and temperature control at local sites is not provided in it. This leads to unreasonably high energy consumption in the autumn-spring period and nighttime, when there is no need

maintain an equally comfortable temperature in all heated rooms.

The present utility model was based on the task of developing the design of an autonomous heating system, the elements of which would be designed in such a way that, if necessary, it was possible to partially use the consumed power and adjust the temperature in local areas of the system, thereby reducing energy consumption, increasing system efficiency and achieving maximum comfort.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in an autonomous heating system containing one or more local sections according to the number of heated rooms with liquid electric heating devices installed in them, as well as the control unit of the system, new is that oil radiators are used as electric heating devices with two electric heating elements, each local section contains a temperature controller, and the control unit contains two circuit breakers for each location of the heating section, while one of the heating elements of the oil radiators is connected to the first circuit breaker of its local section through a temperature regulator, and the other heating element of the oil radiators is connected to the second circuit breaker of its local section directly.

Thanks to this solution, it is possible, if necessary, to reduce the power consumed by the heating elements by 50% and maintain the temperature in local areas within the required limits. This ensures a reduction in energy consumption, increase the efficiency of the inventive heating system and provides maximum comfort.

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Also new is that the control unit contains a programmer with a timer having the number of control channels corresponding to the number of local sections.

Thanks to the presence of the programmer, it is possible to automatically maintain the temperature in the local areas of the system for a long time without human assistance.

Also new is the fact that oil radiators are connected to the network using bolted electrical connections.

Thanks to this solution, overheating of electrical connectors in the places where radiators are connected to the network is eliminated, which reduces the fire hazard of the system.

Below the essence of this utility model is explained in more detail by a detailed example of its implementation with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

figure 1 shows a block diagram of the inventive autonomous heating system;

figure 2 schematically shows a local area of the inventive system.

The system contains one or more local sections (1) according to the number of heated rooms (a system of three local sections is presented on the block diagram for simplification). Each of the local sections (1) consists of at least one oil electric radiator (2) and a temperature controller (3) installed in the room. The number of oil electric radiators (2) in the local area (1) is selected from the calculation of the volume of this room with the parallel inclusion of radiators (2) in the network.

The system uses oil electric radiators (2) of sectional type. The radiator is heated using two tubular electric heating elements (4 and 5).

To protect the radiator (2) from overheating, a thermal switch (6) is used, which turns off the radiator (2) when the temperature reaches 92 ° C on its surface. The most successful in the system can be used Solidus wall-mounted or floor-mounted electric radiators according to the application for invention No. 2000116528 with the number of sections from 8 to 20, power from 0.8 to 2.5 kW. Cases of radiators (2) are grounded by a grounding conductor PE connected to the PE bus. Oil radiators (2) are connected to the network using bolted electrical connections (7), in which the contacts of the electrical connectors are threaded in. This eliminates overheating of the connectors in the places where radiators are connected to the network, which significantly reduces the fire hazard of the system. The temperature regulator (3) is designed to adjust the temperature of the local area (1) (heated room) at the request of the consumer. The system uses bellows-type thermostats or with bimetallic plates. The temperature regulator (3) is a temperature setter of direct mechanical action. It is installed in each heated room and maintains a temperature in the range from 5 ° C to 30 ° C with an accuracy of + 1 ° C. Thermore (Z) is included in the circuit of one of the electric heating elements, for example, element (4), oil cooler (2) of this local area (1). In this case, another electric heating element (5) of this radiator (2) is included in the network of the system in addition to the thermostat (3). Due to this, temperature control at the local area (1) of the heating system can be carried out at the rate of 50% of the radiator power (2). The desired temperature is set on the scale printed on the thermostat housing (3), or according to the indications on the liquid crystal display. The temperature controller (3) also provides a reduction in energy costs, depending

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- 5 on the outdoor temperature and heat-shielding properties of the room. When using several electric oil radiators (2) connected in parallel to the circuit in the local area (1), they are switched on and off using the contactor (8), in the control circuit of which the thermostat (3) is connected.

The system also contains a control unit (9). Block (9) contains circuit breakers that provide operational control of local sections (1) of the system, as well as their protection against overloads and short circuit currents. For each local section (1) of the system (a heated room), two circuit breakers (10 and 11) are provided in block (9). The switch (10) is connected through a thermostat (3) to the electric heating element (4) of the oil cooler (2), and the other switch (11) is connected directly to the second heating element (5) of this radiator. If necessary, the control unit (9) contains a programmer (12) with a timer having control channels the number of which corresponds to the number of heated rooms. Using the programmer (12), the local sections (1) of the system are turned on and off in accordance with a given program. It provides an opportunity to program a weekly hourly schedule of turning on and off the local sections (1) or the entire system in a time function.

During operation, such a system provides temperature control in all local areas (1), i.e. in all heated rooms with simultaneous energy savings. For this, if necessary, the system provides the opportunity in the whole house to maintain the required temperature only in the right rooms. For example, when one person is in a residential building

heated bedroom, kitchen, bathroom, hall, which in a residential building is about 1/3 of all rooms. In all other rooms, the system maintains a standby temperature of 5-7 ° C so that the house does not have a temperature distortion. To ensure such a regime during the winter period, oil radiators (2) of the bedroom, kitchen, bathroom and hall are fully connected (to both heating elements). At the same time, the necessary comfortable temperature in each of these rooms is supported by its own temperature controller (3). The constant operation of one heating element (5) and the operation of the second heating element (4) through the temperature controller (3) halves the frequency of its switching on and off in winter due to the occurrence of drafts and a large temperature difference inside and outside. This significantly increases the service life temperature regulator (3). In all other rooms in the oil radiators (2), only heating elements (4), controlled by temperature controllers (3), which maintain the standby temperature, are included. The second heating elements (5) are turned off by their circuit breakers (11) in the control unit (9). In other words, only 50% of their power is used in these oil radiators (2), which creates 50% energy savings. In the spring-autumn period, in all unnecessary rooms, oil radiators are completely turned off, and in the indicated inhabited rooms only heating elements (4) of oil radiators (2) operating through temperature regulators (3) are included. Such a system operation ensures the maintenance of a comfortable temperature in the inhabited areas of the house with simultaneous energy savings due to uninhabited premises. With the full operation of the entire system in the winter, i.e. when heating all rooms, energy savings are achieved by maintaining the temperature with a thermostat (3)

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and each room without exceeding the established standards and lowering temperatures at night in non-sleeping rooms. Setting the required temperatures on thermostats (3), as well as turning on and off the circuit breakers (10 and 11) of the control unit (9), is carried out manually by the inhabitants of the house. If there is a programmer control unit (9) in the control unit (12), the system is controlled automatically. In the programmer (12), the time for turning on the system at full power and a decrease in heating power by 50% in specific rooms on the days of the week is laid down while maintaining the temperature control function in each specific room using its temperature controller (3). Thus, this system conditionally has three degrees of adjustment:

-automatic temperature regulator (3) in each room;

-manually through the control unit (9) by turning on and off half the power of each of the oil radiators (2) of the inhabited premises and completely disconnecting the uninhabited premises using automatic switches (10 and 11);

- fully automatic through the programmer (12) in accordance with the program entered into it.

When using this system, energy savings are achieved by providing the possibility of partial use of power consumption from the full rated capacity of the system. In the spring-autumn period, the system uses only 35% of the total power of oil radiators, as 50% of unused power is made up of disconnected heating elements of oil radiators and 15% of power saving is achieved due to the operation of thermostats when the set temperature is reached in various inhabited rooms. In winter, the system uses QWSSff / t

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- 9 is activated on average by 75% of full power due to the operation of thermostats in all rooms when they reach the set temperatures. The system operates at full power only when it is first turned on until the set temperatures are reached and at an ambient temperature of -27 ° C, which is the calculated temperature for selecting the power of all heating systems in the North-West of Russia. This fundamentally distinguishes the claimed autonomous heating system from all other known autonomous electric heating systems, because they do not have the possibility of partial use of the full power of electric heating elements and during the entire time they are turned on, they operate at full power.

From the above specific examples of the implementation of the claimed utility model for any specialist in this field, the possibility of its implementation with a simultaneous solution of the problem is obvious. At the same time, it is also obvious that during the implementation of the utility model, minor changes can be made, which, however, will not go beyond the boundaries of the utility model defined by its formula given below.

The inventive autonomous heating system is simple in design and manufacturable. It is reliable, durable and easy to operate. Compared to existing electric heating systems, the system has the most economical power consumption mode and low operating costs. The system is characterized by high indicators of environmental and fire safety, frost resistance. She has the ability to work for a long time in the absence of a person. When the power is turned off or the voltage drops, the system does not break; the heating devices do not defrost.

Claims (3)

1. An autonomous heating system containing one or more local sections according to the number of heated rooms with liquid electric heating devices installed in them, as well as a system control unit, characterized in that oil radiators with two electric heating elements are used as electric heating devices, each local section contains a temperature controller, and the control unit contains two circuit breakers for each local area, while one of the heater s oil radiator elements is connected to a first circuit breaker of its local section through the thermostat, the heating element and the other oil radiators connected to the second circuit breaker its local area directly.  2. The autonomous heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit comprises a programmer with a timer having a number of control channels corresponding to the number of local sections. 3. The autonomous heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil radiators are connected to the network using bolted electrical connections.