OA18040A - Method of monitoring the electrical regulation of an electrical installation as a function of curtailment settings. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling an electrical installation (INS) comprising electrical feeders (Dx) for supplying equipment in a regulated manner. The method comprises in particular the steps of: - consulting (1) a history of erasures (HIS_EFF) performed on said outgoing lines; - depending on the history consulted, determination (2) for each of the departures of a participation level (NP_Dx) in a general electrical regulation of said installation; - association (3) of an erasure priority rank (RP_NP) with each of the participation levels determined for each of said departures; and - following receipt (4) of a general electrical regulation instruction of said installation (C_REG), deletion (5) of said outgoing lines in order of priority.

Description

Method for controlling the electrical regulation of an electrical installation based on erasure instructions.

Technical area

The invention relates to the field of electrical installations, and in particular to a method making it possible to manage, as a function of setpoints, the electrical regulation within these installations.

State of the art

Electricity suppliers seek to regulate and anticipate electricity consumption by electricity consumers, i.e. their subscribers. Indeed, the current means of electricity production have difficulty reacting to strong variations in energy demand.

In addition, the electrical power produced by these means is generally much greater than the electrical load actually consumed by the subscribers, leading to a phenomenon of overproduction.

Electricity suppliers therefore wish to refine the monitoring of subscriber consumption in order to optimize electricity production according to actual energy needs.

For this purpose, suppliers offer subscribers electrical installations (meter, switchboard, inverter, etc.) which may be fitted with management electronics. Management electronics make it possible in particular to measure, process and / or communicate data related to the electricity consumption of a subscriber. These data are used, for example, to determine instantaneous consumption, variations and / or consumption cycles of one or more subscribers, and thus anticipate the electrical load required by the subscriber and / or a group of subscribers.

In addition, in order to regulate energy demand during peaks in consumption, suppliers implement load shedding instructions aimed at regulating the consumption of one or more subscribers. It is thus possible for suppliers to reduce the effective electrical demand and to keep it under the electrical power produced by the means of production. To do this, the management electronics of the aforementioned installations receives erasure instructions and monitors the consumption of the installation as it is. More particularly, the management electronics can decide to lower the consumption of the installation as a function of the erasure instruction received, in particular by limiting, or even by temporarily cutting off the power supply to one or more devices connected to the device. installation.

However, with this type of electrical installation, it turns out that the management electronics can repeatedly call on the same equipment and / or the same subscribers. The participation of equipment / subscribers in electrical regulation is therefore unequal.

In addition, the equipment can be regulated electrically by the management electronics, whereas such regulation may not be suitable for:

proper operation of the equipment (for example by cutting the power supply to a refrigerator when a compression cycle has just started, or by cutting the power supply to a freezer too frequently, risking deterioration of the foodstuffs therein are kept), or keep the subscriber's comfort (for example with a cut-off of the subscriber's heating equipment while the ambient temperature of the home is cold).

Furthermore, when equipment and / or subscribers are “erased” (ie electrically regulated by the management electronics according to the erasure setpoint received), a consumption peak phenomenon (also called “rebound effect”) generally occurs when the deleted equipment and / or subscribers are normally re-supplied at the same time. This phenomenon is all the more marked when a large number of devices and / or subscribers have been deleted and they are simultaneously put back into full electrical charge. Indeed, the resumption of load of the deleted equipment / subscribers tends to create a new sudden collapse of the frequency. In compensation, this phenomenon may also require new phases of erasure of installations / equipment on the electricity network.

It will therefore be understood that there is a need to:

better control the participation of equipment / subscribers in the electrical regulation inherent in load shedding instructions; and reduce, or even avoid, the peak in consumption following this regulation.

Summary of the invention

The present invention improves the situation.

The invention proposes a method and an electrical installation according to which, when a general electrical regulation instruction of the installation is received (ie an installation erasure instruction), the electrical uses of the installation are regulated by taking into account their capitalized participations during electrical regulations prescribed by instructions received previously.

To this end, a first aspect of the invention relates to a method for controlling an electrical installation comprising electrical feeders to supply equipment in a regulated manner. In particular, the method comprises the steps of:

- consultation of a history of cancellations made on departures;

- depending on the history consulted, determination for each of the departures of a level of participation in general electrical regulation of the installation;

- association of an erasure priority rank with each of the participation levels determined for each of the departures; and

- following receipt of an instruction for general electrical regulation of the installation, deletion of departures in order of priority.

We hear by :

- "cancellation" a temporary regulation of the power supply of one or more feeders so that the consumption of the installation is temporarily limited; and

- "general electrical regulation of the installation instruction" an erasure instruction sent by an energy supplier or by an energy management device in order to temporarily limit the consumption of the installation to a prescribed value.

According to this method, it will be understood that the determined level of participation makes it possible to establish an order of priority for erasing departures. This order of priority allows scheduling of erasures within the installation. The scheduling solicits departures in a non-random manner, in particular so as not to invariably erase the same departures (and consequently, the same equipment and / or subscribers).

The participation of departures established on the basis of their load shedding history corresponds to a load shedding effort (i.e. participations capitalized for electrical regulations of the installation) in order to comply with the instructions previously received by the installation. The priority ranks of load shedding based on this participation directly contribute to controlling the regulation of departures, in such a way as to converge towards an equity of load shedding effort.

The process thus improves the electrical regulation of the installation by offering, for example, the possibility of erasing as a priority the feeders which have hitherto played little part in the electrical regulation of the installation.

In an advantageous embodiment, the departures are erased in order of priority at least until a general electrical regulation of the installation corresponding to the instruction received is reached.

Thus, the method makes it possible to apply as a priority to the departures that have been the least erased (the weakest participation in an erasure effort), and this only until the consumption limitation requested by the instruction received is reached. In fact, it will be understood that the departures having the most participation are less regularly erased, which tends to rebalance the participation of departures with each new instruction received.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the method can further include a step of stopping erasing of the erased outlets, the erasing ceases for each of the outlets being triggered at instants distributed over time.

The distribution in time of the normal resumption of load of the feeders (i.e. end of regulation according to the cancellation instruction) makes it possible to re-engage the feeders in a staggered manner, thus avoiding the sudden and simultaneous resumption of the loads usually causing the aforementioned rebound effect .

Advantageously, the time distribution is a function of the erasure priority ranks associated with the participation levels of the departures.

In this way, the termination of erasure of feeders (i.e. normal replenishment of erased feeders) is also ordered according to the priority of erasure. For example, terminations can be organized in ascending order of priority ranks. Thus, the departures that are primarily replenished are departures with low priority ranks (i.e. the departures that have participated the most in a load shedding effort). Cessations by priority rank may for example be staggered over time according to an interval At of ten minutes.

According to one possible embodiment, the distribution over time is random.

Thus, the starts cease to be erased on the basis of a random draw rule. This embodiment can in particular be advantageous when departures have the same priority rank. In fact, in order to prevent departures of the same priority from being re-supplied normally simultaneously (at the risk of a new "rebound effect" when they are re-loaded), the random drawing makes it possible to spread out randomly in the time the termination of erasure of these departures.

Advantageously, the method further comprises a step of collecting data from at least one current sensor associated with at least one of the feeders, this sensor measuring an electrical consumption of the associated feeder. The level of participation of the associated departure is also determined based on the data collected.

In this realization, the level of participation obtained takes into account consumption parameters allowing to optimize the cancellation of departures. Indeed, the level of participation at the start can therefore be determined in correlation with measured consumption data, in particular so that the level of participation at the start also depends on:

- the available demand response potential (corresponding substantially to the excess electrical power supplied at the start compared to its actual measured consumption);

- the operating cycle of the equipment connected at the outset;

- the energy efficiency necessary for the proper functioning of the equipment connected initially;

- autonomous piloting at the start;

- change in consumption behavior at the start (when the subscriber goes on vacation, for example);

- Or other.

By way of purely illustrative example, a heat pump and a refrigerator are connected to the outlets of an installation. Assuming that they have a similar erasure history, if the heat pump is however deactivated (put into standby mode by the subscriber), the current sensor detects a lower consumption than the usual consumption of the pump in operation. However, keeping the pump switched on is no longer useful. Also, in order to be cleared as a priority, the feeder supplying the heat pump can then be associated with a participation level lower than the participation level determined from the erasure history. As for the refrigerator, it can keep the level of participation relative to its history so as not to be erased as a priority.

Advantageously, the level of participation of at least one of the feeders is also determined according to the frequency of the electrical signal supplied by an electrical network to which the installation is connected.

Thus, the level of participation of a departure can depend on the quality of the electrical signal (relative to its frequency) supplied to the installation by an upstream electrical network. Depending on the energy efficiency required by a feeder and the equipment connected to it, a participation level is calculated with regard to the quality of the determined signal, so as to delete as a priority the feeders and equipment for which the supply conditions (signal frequency) are not optimal. It will be understood that this achievement benefits the proper functioning of the equipment connected to the installation.

As a variant or in addition, the method comprises a step of collecting data from at least one domestic sensor, measuring an environmental state of the installation, the level of participation of the associated departure being further determined as a function of the data collected. .

The determined participation level thus takes into account the environmental conditions of the installation. The environmental conditions measured by the home sensor can be data of temperature, humidity, CO2 level in the air, light, movement or the like. For example, when a low temperature is reached in the dwelling, the participation of the feeders of the installation supplying the convectors can be determined at a high level so that the associated erasure priority rank is preferably low. In this case, upon receipt of an erasure instruction, the installation's convectors will not be erased as a priority. The convectors will be less stressed for a future effacement effort and will be able to bring the room temperature more quickly to a set temperature. This achievement benefits the comfort of the subscriber.

As such, it will be understood that controlling the participation of electrical feeders based on the data collected via current and household sensors, limits the damage to subscriber comfort inherent in cancellation.

As a variant or in addition, the installation comprises at least one heat exchanger among the equipment, which exchanger communicates data on the temperature reached by the equipment. In this embodiment, the method advantageously determines the level of participation from the start that feeds the equipment according to the temperature data communicated by the heat exchanger.

The temperature data communicated by the heat exchanger makes it possible to determine a potential erasure of this equipment and to estimate the possibility of erasing it as a priority or not. For example, the internal temperature of a water heater is measured and communicated by a sensor located inside this equipment. When the measured temperature is high, the water reserve available in the water heater and its thermal inertia no longer require prolonged heating. Also, the water heater may be a candidate for a cut-off of its electrical supply. In fact, the participation of the feeder to which the water heater is connected can then be determined at a low level (typically a level lower than the level of participation determined from the history of erasures). This low level of participation can be associated with a high priority ranking in order to give priority to canceling the water heater start during the next cancellations.

This advantageous embodiment makes it possible to promote the proper functioning of the heat exchangers and the comfort of the subscriber.

The level of participation of the heat exchanger can be determined based on its internal temperature, capacity, heat capacity or other. The equipment can be, for example, a communicating freezer or refrigerator.

It will be understood that the installation thus collects data which enables it to learn:

the consumption,

- operating cycles,

- the environmental conditions of the installation,

- changes in internal temperature (determination of the heat capacity of a device, i.e. internal thermal inertia of the device),

- Or other.

The initial participation level is therefore determined objectively on the basis of one of the aforementioned data, or a correlation of several of these. The order of priority is based on an objective level of participation of the equipment / subscribers, making it possible to determine a potential for erasure of feeders according to the operating constraints of the equipment (consumption, operating cycles, environmental conditions, etc.).

The level of participation of a start can also be determined on the basis of a critical temperature not to be exceeded for the device, and also a rate of temperature drift over time of this device (allowing in particular to determine the thermal inertia of a heat exchanger to predict over time the electrical load required for its operation).

Thus, the order of priority established for the erasure of feeders tends to balance the participation of the installation's feeders in an erasure effort, without significantly impacting the comfort of the user or the proper functioning of the connected equipment. as in existing solutions.

A second aspect of the invention relates to an electrical installation comprising electrical feeders to supply equipment in a regulated manner. More specifically, this installation includes at least:

a database suitable for storing a history of shifts made on departures;

a means of receiving general electrical regulation of the installation;

a means of data processing suitable for:

o depending on the history, determine for each of the departures a level of participation in general electrical regulation of the installation;

o Associate an erasure priority rank with each of the participation levels determined for each of the departures; and o erase departures in order of priority.

Advantageously, at least one of the feeders comprises at least one current sensor suitable for measuring a current start and a potential difference.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the data processing means can also be configured to detect a frequency of an electrical signal supplied by an electrical network to which said installation is connected.

Advantageously, the installation further comprises at least one domestic sensor measuring an environmental state of the installation.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least one of the equipment of the installation is a heat exchanger and includes a means of communicating the temperature data reached by the equipment.

The means of communication between the equipment and the outlet makes it possible to send data from a temperature sensor arranged for example in the equipment. The level of participation of the equipment can be determined according to its temperature evolution. For example, if a very low temperature must be maintained for a freezer, the level of participation of this equipment will be determined as high so that it is not primarily erased when receiving a next erasure instruction. .

Current sensors and / or domestic sensors (temperature, brightness, CO2, etc.) and / or temperature data communicated by the equipment, allow more or less long-term analyzes (days / weeks / months) to from which it is possible to determine more precisely the capacity to participate in the cancellation of a departure. This capacity may depend in particular on: the operating cycle, the quality of the network, consumption drift, internal temperature, internal heat drift, or other.

According to a first possible embodiment, the electrical starter is an electrical outlet. The equipment can then be electrical devices connected to the outlet.

According to a second possible embodiment, the electrical starter is an electrical panel. The equipment can then be electrical devices electrically connected to the switchboard, such as electrical outlets and / or multiple sockets, or household appliances.

According to a third possible embodiment, the electrical starter is an electrical concentrator. The equipment can then be electrical networks of subscriber homes, meters and / or electrical panels of subscribers electrically connected to the concentrator.

According to a third aspect, the invention further relates to a computer program intended to be stored in a memory of an electrical installation. This computer program is characterized in that it comprises instructions readable by a processor of the installation, the processor implementing the method of the invention when the instructions are executed by the processor.

Brief description of the figures

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent on examination of the detailed description below, and of the appended figures in which:

- Figure 1 illustrates a first embodiment of the electrical installation according to the invention;

- Figure 2 illustrates a second embodiment of the electrical installation;

Figure 3 illustrates a third embodiment of the electrical installation;

FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of the electronics for managing the electrical installation;

- Figure 5 is a flowchart which illustrates an example of representation of the different steps of the method of checking the electrical installation; and

- Figure 6 is a graphical representation of a load curve of a traditional electrical installation over time, and a load curve of an electrical installation according to the invention.

For reasons of clarity, the dimensions of the various elements shown in these figures are not necessarily in proportion to their actual dimensions. In the figures, identical references correspond to identical elements for the various embodiments shown.

detailed description

In the present invention, an electrical installation is an infrastructure intended to supply electricity, and in a regulated manner, to equipment which is electrically connected to the electrical feeders of the installation.

Reference is made to FIG. 1 in which a first embodiment of the INS electrical installation has been illustrated. The INS installation comprises in particular a concentrator C which:

- receives an electrical supply generated by means of production from a supplier F (a power plant or a transformer for example); and

- supplies electrical feeders D1, D2, D3 to electrical networks RE1, RE2, RE3.

The networks RE1, RE2, RE3 represent, for example, electrical infrastructure for subscriber housing. Each electrical network can include at least one item of equipment connected to a feeder. The equipment in question may in particular constitute an entry point into the electrical networks RE1, RE2, RE3. Such equipment can for example be an electric meter (not shown in FIG. 1) or an electric panel T1, T2, T3.

In order to regulate the electricity consumption of subscribers (especially during periods of high consumption or electricity production below demand), supplier F can issue general electrical regulation instructions for the INS installation. Such instructions may in particular consist in ordering a temporary limitation of the general consumption of the INS installation below a determined threshold. To do this, regulation of the electrical supply to feeders D1, D2, D3 makes it possible to limit the consumption of equipment on networks RE1, RE2, RE3 and thus reduce the general consumption of the INS installation below the setpoint threshold. . Each of the electrical regulations carried out on each of the feeders is also called “erasure”, and may in particular consist of:

- a momentary cut in the power supply at the outlet to stop the power consumption of the connected equipment (for example in the case of a relay control), or

- a momentary modification of the setpoint of the connected equipment (for example in the case of a pilot wire control).

In order to improve control of the erasure of subscriber equipment (tables T1, T2, T3 for example), the INS installation can include management electronics EG installed in the concentrator C. The management electronics EG can understand :

- a database for storing a history of load shifts made on departures;

a means of receiving general electrical regulation instruction from the INS installation;

a means of data processing suitable for:

o depending on the history, determine for each of the departures a level of participation in general electrical regulation of the installation;

o Associate an erasure priority rank with each of the participation levels determined for each of the departures; and o erase departures in order of priority.

The processing means of the INS installation makes it possible to calculate and associate an order of erasure priority with the D1, D2, D3 feeders. In fact, when a general electrical regulation instruction of the INS installation is received, the outgoing lines erased as a priority are those which, for example, have participated the least in the electrical control efforts inherent in the instructions previously received.

Furthermore, the electrical feeders D1, D2, D3 can include current sensors CC1, CC2, CC3 suitable for measuring a current start and a potential difference. On the basis of the data measured by the current sensors, the processing means can determine an electrical consumption of the feeders. The database can be adapted to store the data measured by the sensors CC1, CC2, CC3.

The data processing means can also be adapted to measure the frequency of the electrical signal supplied by an upstream electrical network, for example between the INS installation and the production means of the supplier F. The processing means can thereby determine the quality of the electrical power supplied upstream by supplier F and determine the level of participation of the departures in function.

In one possible embodiment, the installation may include at least one domestic sensor CD which retrieves measurement data of an environmental state of the installation. A home CD sensor can, for example, be installed in the subscriber's home and placed at their discretion. It can include sensors for humidity, smoke, air quality, light, movement or more. The INS installation's data processing means can collect and archive the data measured by the domestic CD sensors in the database. The level of participation of each of the departures can thus be calculated according to the environmental parameters of the departures (ambient temperature, brightness, presence of the subscriber in his home, etc.). By way of purely illustrative example, the CD home sensor is a presence sensor. When a subscriber's presence has not been detected for several days, the data processing means can be configured to lower the participation level of the heating system so that this system is cleared as a priority during the course. extended absences of the subscriber.

Reference is now made to FIG. 2 in which a second exemplary embodiment of the INS installation has been illustrated. In this embodiment, the INS electrical installation is a subscriber housing electrical network. It comprises an electrical panel T1 which is supplied by the concentrator C. Intermediate, a meter (not shown in FIG. 2) can be arranged between the panel T1 and the concentrator C.

The T1 electrical panel can supply, via the electrical feeders D1, D2, D3, D4, various equipment such as:

- an electrical outlet P;

an MP power strip;

a domestic hot water system DHW;

a PAC heat pump;

- Or other.

The P socket and the MP multi-socket provide power to other equipment such as an R refrigerator, a TV set, an AC air conditioning system or the like.

Departures D1, D2, D3, D4 can also include current sensors CC1, CC2, CC3, CC4 for measuring electrical consumption on each of the outputs.

In this exemplary embodiment, the database, the reception means and the data processing means are arranged within the same electronic management module EG installed in the table T1. However, other variants can be envisaged, in particular with a distribution of these elements within the installation.

Thanks to the current sensors CC1, CC2, CC3, CC4, the processing means of the INS installation can collect information on the consumption cycles on the departures of equipment such as the refrigerator R, the domestic hot water device. DHW and / or the PAC heat pump. The processing means can then determine a level of participation based on the operating cycle of the equipment in question. By way of purely illustrative example, the processing means can be configured so as to increase the level of participation of the refrigerator R when the latter has just entered a compression cycle. Thus, the priority rank of erasing the associated refrigerator may be low so that the compression cycle is not exposed to a cutout inherent to a setpoint (which could damage its motor).

The INS installation can also include at least one domestic sensor CD placed in the subscriber's housing, and which recovers measurement data of an environmental state such as ambient temperature, brightness, presence of the subscriber in his home or other.

Reference is now made to FIG. 3 in which a third embodiment of the electrical installation has been illustrated, in the form of a first installation INS1 and a second installation INS2 installed downstream of an electric meter. and / or an electrical panel T1.

The INS1 and INS2 installations include electrical feeders such as the P socket and the MP multiple socket. These sockets are designed to supply electrical power to equipment connected to them, such as the television set TV, the AC air conditioner and the refrigerator R.

For this purpose, the multi-socket MP of the first installation INS1 can include at least two electrical feeders D1, D2. The socket P of the second installation INS2 can for its part include another electrical outlet D3.

These feeders from the INS1 and INS2 installations can also include current sensors CC1, CC2, CC3 for measuring electrical consumption on each of the feeders.

In this exemplary embodiment, the database, the reception means and the data processing means are arranged within the same electronic management module EG installed:

- in the MP multiple socket of the first INS1 installation, and

- in the P socket of the second INS2 installation.

Thanks to the current sensors CC1, CC2, CC3, the processing resources of the INS1 and INS2 installations are able to collect information on the consumption cycles of the equipment connected to the sockets and / or multiple sockets, and to determine a level of equipment participation. from the data collected.

Each of the INS1 and INS2 installations can also include at least one domestic sensor CD placed in the environment close to the installation (for example near the sockets and multiple sockets) in order to retrieve measurement data of an environmental state ( ambient temperature, brightness, presence of the subscriber in his home or other).

In addition, in the second installation INS2, the equipment connected at the outset D3 is a refrigerator R which comprises a means of communication (not shown in the figures) of temperature data reached by this equipment. In this case, the temperature data can be data from a temperature sensor installed inside the refrigerator R, which sensor is able to detect the internal temperature of the latter.

The processing means of the INS2 installation can also collect the communicated data. This data can be communicated via a radio link (for example via WiFi, Bluetooth or Zig-Bee) or wired (typically a PLC link via the electrical link of the equipment at the start of the installation).

On the basis of the communicated data, the processing means can determine the level of participation and calculate the priority rank of erasing the electrical outlet of the refrigerator R according to its internal temperature. By way of illustration, this embodiment makes it possible for example to take into account the current internal temperature of the refrigerator to determine the possible duration of an erasure applicable to this equipment without the internal temperature exceeding a threshold above which the foodstuffs contained therein. stored deteriorate.

In one possible embodiment of the electrical feeders D1, D2, D3, two current sensors can be placed to measure a feeder on the one hand and a current return on the other. The current sensors are then suitable for measuring a current start and a potential difference at the outlet. Any electrical fault occurring in the equipment connected to the P socket or the MP multiple socket can thus be detected by means of the current sensors, such as a short-circuit fault or an overcurrent, or a current leakage fault on the equipment. plugged into the outlet or an equipment failure.

The three aforementioned embodiments are purely illustrative and not limiting. It will be understood that the electrical installation can also relate to other embodiments in which there are electrical feeders intended to supply in a regulated manner equipment connected directly or indirectly to these feeders.

FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment in which means for implementing the control method according to the invention are assembled in a single electronic management module EG, comprising in particular:

a means of processing data PROC (typically a processor);

an INT communication interface;

an RC electrical regulation setpoint receiver;

a BD database.

The processing means PROC collects data from sensors such as:

- DC current sensors;

CT temperature sensors; and

- domestic CD sensors.

This collected data is archived in the installation's DB database. Such a database can be materialized by a “micro SD” card (Secure Digital Microcard) inserted in the EG module. The EG module thus constitutes a "black box" of the electrical uses of the equipment connected to the outgoing lines of the installation, storing in the BD database:

a history of load shedding performed on departures from the installation;

- a history of the operation of the equipment connected to the feeders; a history of data collected from CC, CD and CT sensors.

The data collected is integrated into the history of the subscriber's electrical use and can then be used, if necessary, to determine a possible level of participation and to reconstruct events that have occurred in the home.

The DC current sensors collect information relating to the consumption of the device or group of devices electrically connected to the feeders of the installation and the data processing means PROC collects and archives this data.

CT temperature sensors collect information on the operating temperature of the equipment (internal temperature of a refrigerator or heating temperature of a convector, for example), especially when the equipment is an EC heat exchanger. The EC exchanger communicates the temperature data measured by the CT sensor to the electronic management module EG in order to determine the level of participation of the departure associated with the exchanger.

The domestic CD sensors collect data relating to the environmental conditions of the installation, such as data on temperature, humidity, CO2 levels in the air, light, presence and others.

To collect this data, the installation can, for example, use the INT communication interface. To this end, the INT interface can include at least:

a WiFi connection, an Infra-Red connection;

a Bluetooth connection;

- a Zig-Bee connection;

- a CPL connection (Power Line Carrier).

The cancellation of departures can be decided:

- automatically by the processing means PROC based on the data collected and the history of erasures;

- by the energy supplier via a dedicated PLC control;

- by the consumer himself who sends, via the communication interface INT, his agreement or an order by means of processing PROC for an erasure command.

Moreover, to receive the general electrical regulation instructions of the installation, the installation can use the RC reference receiver. This RC receiver is suitable for receiving instructions sent to the installation via the electrical network of the energy supplier, for example according to the G3 CPL G3 Line Carrier Communication protocol.

In an exemplary embodiment, the management electronics receive:

consumption data relating to the operating cycles of a freezer connected to a departure from the installation;

- the internal temperature data of the freezer.

On the basis of the data received, it is possible to determine for the freezer a level of participation in a load shedding effort, depending on the heat capacity of the freezer. Indeed, the data received make it possible to determine the evolution of the heat capacity (in particular according to the evolution of the internal temperature of the freezer as a function of its operating cycles recorded on the associated feeder) and to define the times at which a deletion of the freezer can be started without risking exceeding a critical operating temperature of the equipment (eg too high a temperature for storing frozen food). The level of participation can be determined from a limit temperature not to be exceeded or a limit rate of drift of the internal temperature.

Furthermore, the level of participation can be determined based on data sent by the home sensor (s) CD. By way of example, the level of participation of the departure associated with the aforementioned freezer can be determined according to the temperature outside the equipment in order to take into account the potential impact of high heat on the calorific capacity and consumption. of this equipment.

According to one embodiment, the processing means PROC can also be configured to detect operating anomalies from the data collected, in particular:

- a current leakage fault;

- short circuit or overcurrent fault;

- the non-functioning of the equipment connected to a feeder;

- faulty air quality, temperature, humidity, water leakage;

- triggering of an intrusion alarm.

The processing means PROC can then issue an alert to the attention of the subscriber, via the communication interface INT for example.

The subscriber may also request, by means of a communicating device equipped with suitable software (smartphone, digital tablet or computer for example), to consult the data archived in the BD database. The INT communication interface makes it possible to read the data collected in the BD database, to process them, to format them in order to allow the implementation of personalized added value services such as:

assistance to the subscriber in optimizing his consumption; and / or the identification of failures in the event of a disaster;

- monitoring of the electrical regulation carried out within the installation in response to instructions issued by the energy supplier.

This information, which can be consulted by the subscriber, also makes it possible to raise awareness, manage and optimize the energy consumption of their home and have access to a detailed assessment of the electrical consumption of the installation and its equipment.

Furthermore, the INT communication interface can be provided to allow transfer of data archived in the database BD to an external system. For example, the data collected and archived in the BD database can be automatically duplicated to an electrical panel in the home or to a secure electronic safe with a frequency determined according to a subscriber's settings.

The INT interface also allows a consumer to configure the INS installation, for example by establishing an order of priority to be favored for certain equipment connected to the departures of his installation. The configuration of each departure can include, for example, the following information:

the type of equipment connected (freezer, electric heating, air conditioning, television, etc.);

- the type of control associated with it (ON / OFF, setpoint, etc.);

- the upstream rating of a circuit breaker (10A, 16A, etc.) to which it is associated;

- the type of electrical contract taken out by the subscriber (Base, HC / HP, etc.); and or

- the desired priority rank for the equipment (low, high, automatic).

The database BD is also suitable for storing a computer program which comprises instructions readable by the processing means PROC (typically a processor) in order to implement the method for controlling the electrical installation when the instructions are executed by the means of data processing.

The erasure of a feeder from the installation can be controlled by the processing means PROC through a control of the feeder consumption regulation. This command can be of several types and can in particular consist of:

an equipment operating control (control for regulating a heating temperature of a convector for example),

- a regulation of the electrical supply of the departure (limitation or cut-off of the electrical power supplied to the departure).

When the command is an operating command of the equipment, a suitable communication interface (the INT interface for example) is provided to communicate the command to the equipment. This interface can include:

- a pilot wire (in the case of heating for example);

- an infrared link (in the case of an air conditioner for example),

- relay control (in the case of a refrigerator for example), or a radio link (Wifi, Bluetooth);

- Or other.

It is also possible to provide an independent power source (not shown in the figures) in the INS installation so that, in the event of a general power cut:

the processing means PROC has sufficient autonomy to save the data in the database BD and send an alert to the subscriber or to a third party via the INT interface; and maintain detection of anomalies.

For example, the installation may include a rechargeable battery ensuring degraded operation in the absence of external power.

According to one embodiment, the installation further comprises a means for measuring the frequency of the electrical signal supplied by the network. The processing means PROC can be configured to detect variations in the frequency of the electrical signal received, in particular by collecting data from the frequency measuring means. Typically, in France, electricity suppliers provide an electrical signal in alternating current at 50 Hz on 220V. However, such a situation may vary, especially on small, non-interconnected networks, such as those in overseas territories for example, where variations in demand can impact the frequency of the electrical signal. In particular, the processing means PROC can be configured to detect a drop in the frequency of the electrical signal and then order a cancellation of the current supplied to the outgoing lines of the installation. In this way, the equipment connected to the feeders is preserved from poor electrical signal quality (and consequently from the malfunctions inherent in such a drop in frequency).

Data relating to the measurement of the frequency of the electrical signal supplied by the network can also be archived in the facility's BD database along with the data collected by the DC current sensors. Consumers can thus know when and for how long their equipment has been erased, to know the evolution of its consumption and of the quality of the network.

The processing means PROC can determine the level of participation of departures also based on the consumption data measured by the DC current sensors and the consumption history stored in the database BD. The determined participation may be a function of the operating cycles of the equipment in the installation and thus, a departure can be deleted without affecting the proper functioning of the equipment connected to it.

Reference is now made to FIG. 5 in which an exemplary representation of the steps of the method of checking the electrical installation has been shown.

In a step 1, the processing means PROC consults, from the database BD of the installation, the history of HIS_EFF erasures performed on an integer x of electrical feeders Dx of the installation.

In a step 2, the processing means PROC determines for each of the x departures Dx, as a function of the HIS_EFF history consulted with the database BD, a level of NP_Dx participation in a general electrical regulation of the INS installation. The NP_Dx participation level of a departure relates in particular to the electrical regulations implemented on the departure in response to regulatory instructions previously received by the installation.

In step 2, additional steps can be provided according to which the processing means PROC can also correlate data collected, and / or archived in the database BD, coming from the DC current sensors (consumption data), domestic CD sensors (ambient temperature, brightness, movement, or other), and CT temperature sensors (of a communicating heat exchanger), for measuring the frequency of an electrical signal, to determine the level of NP_Dx participation of Dx departures.

The NP_Dx participation level determined for a Dx departure according to the aforementioned correlation, makes it possible to establish an order of priority depending on an objective level of participation of the departures, depending in particular on their operating and environmental constraints.

In a step 3, the processing means PROC associates an erasure priority RP_NP with each of the NP_Dx participation levels determined for each of the starts Dx. This association can come from an association function FA which attributes a priority rank RP_NP to the NP_Dx levels according to determined selection criteria. These selection criteria define a priority rank RP_NP according to the value of the NP_Dx level. For example, a high RP_NP priority rank is assigned to low NP_Dx levels, and a low RP_NP priority rank is assigned to high NP_Dx levels. Thus, Dx departures that have hardly participated in efforts to erase the installation will be requested as a priority during the next outgoing cancellations.

In step 4, the installation receives a general electrical regulation setpoint C_REG from the electrical installation, for example via the RC setpoint receiver of the INS installation. This C_REG instruction can be sent by the electrical energy supplier in order to temporarily limit the general electrical consumption of the installation. This C_REG instruction, once received by the RC receiver, is sent by processing means PROC of the INS installation.

In a step 5, the processing means PROC erases the starts on receipt of the setpoint (step 4), and this according to an EFF_Dx erase function which erases the starts Dx in order of the priority ranks RP_NP which have been associated with the levels NP_Dx participation of Dx departures (step 3). The EFF_Dx erase function can in particular be defined to erase departures in ascending or descending order of the priority ranks RP_NP.

This order of priority in the deletion of Dx feeders authorizes the scheduling of deletions within the installation. The departures are erased in an orderly manner, and not randomly as in the existing solutions. The priority ranks of load shedding based on this participation directly contribute to controlling the regulation of departures, in such a way as to converge towards an equity of load shedding between departures.

The existing solutions, limited in consumption measurement points, do not make it possible to deal with the comfort of the occupants of a dwelling while equalizing the participation of the equipment of an installation in a reduction effort.

Departures can advantageously be deleted in order of priority in step 4 until a general electrical regulation of the installation corresponding to the instruction received is reached. Typically, if the instruction received in step 4 orders the general consumption of the installation to be limited to 80% of the maximum load subscribed to in the subscriber's energy contract, the processing means PROC can erase the Dx feeders in ascending order of priority until the installation's consumption is less than 80%.

Thus, the departures requested as a priority may be those which have, for example, been the least canceled (the lowest participation in a cancellation effort), and this only until the requested limitation in consumption is reached. It will be understood in fact that the departures having the most participated are less regularly erased, which tends to rebalance the participations of departures with each new instruction received.

In a step 6, the processing means PROC stops erasing the starts erased at instants distributed in time, for example via a termination function F_EFF_Dx. At this step 6, the time distribution can be a function of the priority ranks

RP_NP associated with the NP_Dx participation levels determined for Dx departures. The termination of erasure of feeders can be ordered by the F_EFF_Dx function in ascending or descending order of the erasure priority ranks. In addition, the terminations by priority can be staggered over time according to an interval At. This interval At defines the time distribution interval of the instants of triggering of the termination of the deletion of departures.

Reference is now made to FIG. 6, which shows the impact of the resumption of load of deleted equipment or subscribers, in comparison with the gradual cessation proposed by the installation control method (as in step 6 above).

A curve C1 typically represents the load curve of existing solutions for regulating electrical installations. The curve C1 varies in power along the vertical axis W, and evolves over time along the horizontal axis t. When a general electrical regulation setpoint C_REG is received by the INS installation, the installation can be regulated so as to consume below a threshold load CS during a determined period P (starting for example at an instant t1 and ending at a time t2). We observe that at the end of the regulation period P ordered by the setpoint, a consumption peak occurs on curve C1. This consumption peak is a “rebound effect” commonly caused by the sudden restarting of deleted feeders.

A curve C2 represents the load curve according to the installation control method of the invention. The curve C2 also varies in power along the vertical axis W, and evolves over time along the horizontal axis t. At the end of the general electrical regulation period P, the erased feeders are re-supplied normally (erasure cessation) in a staggered manner. Indeed, the departures are put back to the load at instants distributed in time according to a time interval At. It is then observed that the resumption of load is more progressive and that the peak of overconsumption is not as marked as on the curve C1.

The rebound effect phenomenon is reduced or even eliminated, the consumption peak being smoothed out thanks to the distribution over time of the termination of feeder cancellation. The resumption of load of deleted equipment / subscribers is now much less likely to create a new sudden collapse of the frequency thanks to the gradual reloading of feeders.

The distribution over time is advantageously a function of the erasure priority ranks associated with the participation levels of departures. In this way, the termination of erasure of departures is ordered according to an order of priority. However, as a variant or in addition, the distribution over time may be random. This realization can be used with regard to departures with the same priority rank, in order to randomly stagger over time the termination of deletion of these departures.

It should be noted that the control method and the electrical installation proposed thus allow:

- equalization of the participation of equipment in a load shedding effort;

- proper operation of the connected equipment (scheduling of outgoing cancellations according to the quality conditions of the electrical signal, the operation of the equipment and its environment); and

- preservation of subscriber comfort.

The invention has been described with reference to particular embodiments which are not limiting. Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described by way of example and it extends to other variations. In particular, the number and type of sensors may vary depending on the application, as well as the modes of transmission and consultation of the data collected.

Furthermore, the database, the setpoint reception means and the data processing means can be distributed within the installation (and not combined within a single electronic management module as in the examples aforementioned) and provided with means of communication allowing them to exchange the data necessary for the implementation of the method of checking the electrical installation.

Claims (18)

Claims 1. Method of controlling an electrical installation (INS) comprising electrical feeders (Dx) to supply equipment in a regulated manner, the method comprising the steps of: - Consultation (1) of a history of erasures (HIS_EFF) carried out on said departures} - depending on the history consulted, determination (2) for each of the departures of a participation level (NP_Dx) in a general electrical regulation of said installation; - association (3) of an erasure priority rank (RP_NP) with each of the participation levels determined for each of said departures; and - following receipt (4) of a general electrical regulation instruction for said installation (C_REG), deletion (5) of said departures in order of priority. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the departures are erased in order of priority at least until reaching a general electrical regulation of said installation corresponding to said setpoint. 3. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, further comprising a step of termination of erasure (6) of said erased departures, the erasure ceases for each of said departures being triggered at times distributed over time. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein said time distribution is a function of the erasure priority ranks associated with the participation levels of said departures. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein said time distribution is random. 6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a step of collecting data from at least one current sensor (CC) associated with at least one of said feeders, measuring an electrical consumption of the associated feeder, said level of participation of the associated departure being further determined based on the data collected. 7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said level of participation of at least one of the feeders is further determined according to the frequency of an electrical signal supplied by an electrical network to which said installation is connected. 8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a step of collecting data from at least one domestic sensor (CD), measuring an environmental state of the installation, said level of participation of the associated departure being. further determined based on the data collected. 9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of said equipment is a heat exchanger (EC) and communicates temperature data reached by the equipment, said level of participation of the start which supplies the equipment being. further determined based on said temperature data. 10. Electrical installation (INS) comprising electrical feeders to supply equipment in a regulated manner, said installation comprising at least: a database (BD) suitable for storing a history of erasures (HIS_EFF) made on said feeders; means for receiving (RC) a general electrical regulation setpoint for said installation (C_REG); - a means of data processing (PROC) suitable for: o as a function of said history, determining for each of the feeders a level of participation (NP_Dx) in general electrical regulation of said installation; o associate an erasure priority rank (RP_NP) with each of the participation levels determined for each of said departures; and erasing said departures in order of priority. 11. Electrical installation according to claim 10, wherein at least one of said feeders comprises at least one current sensor (CC) suitable for measuring a current start and a potential difference. 12. Electrical installation according to one of claims 10 or 11, wherein the data processing means (PROC) is configured to detect a frequency of an electrical signal supplied by an electrical network to which said installation is connected. 13. Electrical installation according to one of claims 10 to 12, further comprising at least one domestic sensor (CD) measuring a state of the environment of the installation. 14. Electrical installation according to one of claims 10 to 13, wherein at least one of said equipment is a heat exchanger (EC) and includes a means of communicating temperature data reached by the equipment. 15. Electrical installation according to one of claims 10 to 14, wherein said outlet is an electrical outlet (P, MP). 16. Electrical installation according to one of claims 10 to 14, wherein said outlet is an electrical panel (T1, T2). 17. Electrical installation according to one of claims 10 to 14, wherein said outlet is an electrical concentrator (C). 18. Computer program intended to be stored in a memory of an electrical installation, characterized in that it comprises instructions readable by a processor of said installation, said processor implementing the method according to one of claims 1 to 9 when said instructions are executed by said processor. SHORT Method for controlling the electrical regulation of an electrical installation based on erasure instructions. The invention relates to a method for controlling an electrical installation (INS) comprising electrical feeders (Dx) to supply equipment in a regulated manner. The method comprises in particular the steps of: - consultation (1) of a history of erasures (HIS_EFF) carried out on said departures; - depending on the history consulted, determination (2) for each of the departures of a participation level (NP_Dx) in a general electrical regulation of said installation; - association (3) of an erasure priority rank (RP_NP) with each of the participation levels determined for each of said departures; and - following receipt (4) of a general electrical regulation instruction for said installation (C_REG), deletion (5) of said departures in order of priority.