KR880001244B1 - Arcless switch - Google Patents

Arcless switch Download PDF

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Publication number
KR880001244B1
KR880001244B1 KR1019850004424A KR850004424A KR880001244B1 KR 880001244 B1 KR880001244 B1 KR 880001244B1 KR 1019850004424 A KR1019850004424 A KR 1019850004424A KR 850004424 A KR850004424 A KR 850004424A KR 880001244 B1 KR880001244 B1 KR 880001244B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
triac
contact
terminal
movable piece
power supply
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KR1019850004424A
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Korean (ko)
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KR870000729A (en
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김인석
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김인석
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Priority to KR1019850004424A priority Critical patent/KR880001244B1/en
Priority to US06/769,877 priority patent/US4709294A/en
Priority to PCT/KR1986/000002 priority patent/WO1986007654A1/en
Publication of KR870000729A publication Critical patent/KR870000729A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of KR880001244B1 publication Critical patent/KR880001244B1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2016—Bridging contacts in which the two contact pairs commutate at substantially different moments
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/06—Switches operated by change of speed
    • H01H35/10—Centrifugal switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/547—Combinations of mechanical switches and static switches, the latter being controlled by the former

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

In a circuit breaker having a triac between the power side and the load side, the contact gap of the power side (A) is narrower than the gap of the load side (B). When a switch (SW) is turned on, the contact of the power side is closed first to allow the surge current through a triac, then the contact of the load side is closed later to allow the current through A,C,B. When the switch is turned off, the contact of the load side is opened first to allow the current through the gate of the triac, then the contact of the power side is opened later. So the surge current generated when switching on and off is absorbed into the triac and thus arc generation can be prevented.

Description

아크없는 개폐기Arcless switchgear

제1도는 본 발명의 전자개폐기(단국)구조 및 회로도.1 is a structure and circuit diagram of an electronic switch (single station) of the present invention.

제2도는 본 발명을 삼상전자 개폐기에 실시한 응용예시도.Figure 2 is an application example of the present invention implemented in a three-phase electronic switch.

제3도는 본 발명의 또다른 실시예시도.3 is another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1

Figure kpo00001
AC : 단상교류전원 88 : 코일One
Figure kpo00001
AC: Single Phase AC Power 88: Coil

3

Figure kpo00002
AC : 삼상교류전원 SW : 스위치3
Figure kpo00002
AC: Three Phase AC Power SW: Switch

A : 전원측 고정단자 D : 단자A: Power supply terminal D: Terminal

B : 부하측 고정단자 E : 지지단자B: Load side fixed terminal E: Support terminal

C : 가동편 LOAD : 부하C: Moving piece LOAD: Load

A,',B',C',C" : 접점 F : 가동핀A, ', B', C ', C ": Contact F: Moving pin

TRIAC : 트라이악 H : 스프링TRIAC: Triac H: Spring

R : 저항R: resistance

본 발명은 아크 없는 전자개폐기에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an electronic switchgear without arc.

종래의 일반적인 개폐기의 경우는 전원을 단속하는 가동편이 직접적으로 전원측과 부하측으로 연결되도록 구성되어 있었기 때문에 개폐시에 접점에서 발생되는 아크로 인하여 접점이 마모되어 접촉불량 등으로 인한 결상으로 전동기가 소손되는 폐단이 있었으며, 접점이 융착으로 인한 전기 안전사고의 발생과 개폐동요에 따른 이상전압의 발생으로 주변기기의 절연파괴 및 노이즈침입에 따른 잡음과 정밀기기의 오동작 발생등 전력 수급상의 크나큰 난제로 부상되고 있는 실정인 것이다. 근래에는 이와 같은 단점을 보완하기 위하여 은접점을 이용한 개폐기가 안출된바 있으나 가격이 고가이기 때문에 널리 통용되지 못하고 있는 실정이며, 또한 트라이악이나 트랜지스터를 이용한 아크방지 회로를 부설한 개폐기가 출현된바 있었으나, 그 구성이 조잡하고 기계적으로 작동토록 되어 있었기 때문에 부피를 소형화 하는데는 상당한 문제점이 있었으며, 또한 모든 동작이 순간적으로 이루어지지 못하는 등의 구성상의 문제점이 있었으며, 아크방지 회로가 고정식으로 설치되어 있기 때문에 아크방지 회로에 이상이 생겼을시 안전사고가 발생되는 등의 문제점이 있었다.In the case of the conventional general switchgear, since the movable piece for controlling the power is configured to be directly connected to the power supply side and the load side, the closed end where the motor is burned out due to the loss of contact due to the arc generated at the contact during opening and closing, resulting in poor contact, etc. In addition, due to the occurrence of electrical safety accidents due to fusion of contacts and abnormal voltages caused by the opening and closing fluctuations, noises caused by insulation breakdown and noise intrusion of peripheral devices and malfunction of precision equipment have emerged as a great challenge in power supply and demand. It is Recently, in order to make up for such drawbacks, switchgears using silver contacts have been conceived, but due to their high price, they are not widely used. Also, switchgears with arc protection circuits using triacs or transistors have appeared. However, since the configuration was coarse and mechanically operated, there was a significant problem in miniaturizing the volume, and there were also problems in construction such that all operations could not be made instantaneously, and the arc prevention circuit was fixedly installed. Therefore, when an error occurs in the arc prevention circuit, there was a problem such as a safety accident occurs.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 제반문제점을 감안하여 전잔력에 의하여 작동되는 가동편에 트라이악을 연결하여 제로전압스위칭이 되도록 함으로써 개폐기의 접촉점에 발생하는 아크를 미연에 방지하여 고가인 은접점 및 아크슈-트를 사용하지 않고서도 개폐동요 및 노이즈가 전혀 없는 반영구적인 개폐기를 제공할 수 있도록 한 것으로 이를 첨부도면에 의거 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.In view of the above problems, the present invention connects the triac to the movable piece operated by the total residual force so that the zero voltage switching is performed, thereby preventing the arc generated at the contact point of the switch in advance. It is possible to provide a semi-permanent switch with no opening and closing fluctuations and no noise without using the circuit board.

제1도와 같이 전자개폐기의 은접점대신 트라이악을 이용하여 트라이악(TRIAC)의 단자(T2)(T1)를 전원측 고정단자(A)와 부하측고정단자(B)에 연결하고, 트라이악(TRIAC)의 게이트단자(G)는 저항(R)을 통해 가동편(C)에 접속하며, 전원측고정단자(A)의 접점(A')과 가동편(C)의 접점(C')이 부하측고정단자(B)의 접점(B')과 가동편(C)의 타측 접점(C")보다 먼저 접촉하도록 접점(A')와 접점(C')간의 간격이 접점(B')와 접점(C")간의 간격보다 좁게 형성하여 개폐기 코일(88)에 연결된 스위치(SW)를 "온"시키면 코일(88)에 발생하는 전자력에 의하여 가동편(C)이 흡인되면서 가동편(C)의 일측접점(C')이 전원측고정단자(A)의 접점(A')과 먼저 접촉하여 가동편(C)에 접속된 게이트단자(G)에 의하여 트라이악(TRIAC)이 도통되어 부하전류(I)는 전원측 고정단자(A)에서 트라이악(TRIAC)를 거쳐 부하측고정단자(B)로 흐르게 되고, 순간적인 시간차로 접점(B')와 접점(C")가 일순간후 접촉되므로써 부하전류(I)는 접점(A')(C')을 거쳐 가동편(C)을 통하여 부하측 고정단자(B)로 흐르게 되는 것이다. 이때 트라이악에는 내부저항의 영향으로 전류의 흐름이 완전차단되는 것이다. 한편, 스위치(SW)를 "오프"시켜 코일(88)에 유도된 전작력을 제거시키게 되면, "온"때와는 정반대로 접점(B')와 접점(C")가 먼저 개방되어 가동편(C)을 통하여 흐르던 전류(I)는 순간적으로 트라이악(TRIAC)을 통하여 흐르게 되고 이어서 접점(A')와 접점(C')가 마저 "오프"되면 트라이악의 게이팅이 중단되므로 트라이악을 통해서 흐르던 전류(I)는 중단되어 개폐기에는 전류의 흐름이 중지되는 것이다.As shown in FIG. 1, the terminal T 2 (T 1 ) of the triac is connected to the fixed terminal A and the load fixed terminal B of the triac using a triac instead of the silver contact of the electronic switch, and the triac The gate terminal (G) of the (TRIAC) is connected to the movable piece (C) via a resistor (R), and the contact (A ') of the power supply side fixed terminal (A) and the contact (C') of the movable piece (C) The distance between the contact A 'and the contact C' is the contact between the contact B 'and the contact C' so that the contact B 'of the load side fixed terminal B and the other side contact C "of the movable piece C When the switch SW connected to the switch coil 88 is "on" to be formed narrower than the interval between the (C "), the movable piece C is attracted by the electromagnetic force generated in the coil 88, The triac TRIAC is conducted by the gate terminal G connected to the movable piece C by the one contact point C 'first contacting the contact point A' of the power supply side fixed terminal A, so that the load current I ) Is fixed via the triac (TRIAC) As the current flows to the side fixing terminal B, and the contact B 'and the contact C' are instantaneously contacted after an instantaneous time difference, the load current I passes through the contact A 'and C', In this case, the current flow in the triac is completely blocked by the influence of internal resistance, while the switch SW is turned off to induce the coil 88. When the previous power is removed, the contact (B ') and the contact (C ") are opened first as opposed to the" on "time, and the current (I) flowing through the movable piece (C) is momentarily triac (TRIAC). If the current flows through the triac, current flows through the triac and the current flows through the triac. .

그런데 트라이악(TRIAC)에 흐르는 전류는 수싸이클 정도의 순시전류 즉 써지전류(SURGE CURRENT)만 흐르기 때문에 자연 아크방지 역활을 하게 되는 것으로 전류의 부담이 적기 때문에 냉각판이 전혀 필요없으며, 또한 소용량의 트라이악을 사용하여도 충분한 것이다.However, since the current flowing through the triac flows only a few cycles of instantaneous current, that is, surge current, it acts as a natural arc prevention. Evil is enough.

제1도의 실시예시도에서는 단극(ONE POIE)전자 개폐기에 본 발명의 원리를 적용하기 위하여 접점(A')와 접점(B')의 고저차를 두도록한 구조에 의해 가동편(C)의 접점(C')와 접점(C")가 시간차에 의하여 접점(A')와 접점(B')에 각각 접촉하도록 한것이며, 제2도에서는 3극(THREE POLE)전자개폐기의 R상, S상, T상에 각각 본 발명의 원리를 적용하기 위하여 트라이악(TRIAC)을 설치하여 제1도와 같이 배선하고, 전원측고정단자(A)의 접점(A')과 부하측고정단자(B)의 접점(B')간의 높이차를 두지 않고 동일한 높이로 하는 대신에 가동편(C)을 접점(C')쪽으로 약간 기울게 하여 전자 개폐기가 스위치(SW)에 의하여 "온"되어 가동편(C)을 흡인하면 접점(A')(C')가 먼저 접속되어 트라이악에 정지 스위치 회로가 구성되도록하여 부하전류(I)가 트라이악을 통하여 흐르게하고, 다음 순간 접점(B')와 접점(C")가 접속되면서 부하전류(I)를 접점(A')(C'), 가동편(C), 접점(C")(B")의 총로로 흐르게 한것이며, 개로시에도 폐로시와 정반대순으로 접점(B')와 접점(C")가 먼저 떨어지면서 순간 전류만 트라이악이 분담하고 다음 순간 접점(A')와 접점(C')가 떨어져 트라이악의 게이트 전류가 중지됨과 동시에 전류(I)도 완전 중지되는 것이다.In the embodiment of FIG. 1, in order to apply the principle of the present invention to a ONE POIE electromagnetic switch, the contact of the movable piece C has a structure in which a height difference between the contact A 'and the contact B' is provided. C ') and the contact point C "are made to contact the contact point A' and the contact point B 'by time difference, respectively. In FIG. 2, R phase, S phase, In order to apply the principle of the present invention on each T phase, a triac (TRIAC) is installed and wired as shown in FIG. 1, and the contact point A 'of the power supply stationary terminal A and the contact point B of the load side stationary terminal B are applied. Instead of setting the same height without having a height difference between '), the movable piece C is slightly inclined toward the contact point C' so that the electromagnetic switch is turned on by the switch SW to suck the movable piece C. The contacts A 'and C' are first connected so that the stop switch circuit is configured in the triac so that the load current I flows through the triac, (B ') and contact (C ") are connected, load current (I) flows into the channel of contact (A') (C '), movable piece (C), contact (C") (B "). In the case of opening, the contact (B ') and contact (C ") fall first in the opposite order of closing, and the triac shares only the instantaneous current, and the contact (A') and contact (C ') fall off the next instant. At the same time as the gate current is stopped, the current I is also completely stopped.

도면중 미설명부호 U,V,W는 전자개폐기의 부하측단자이다.In the drawings, reference numerals U, V, and W denote load terminals of the electronic switch.

이와 같이 개폐시 투입시나 개방시에 접점에서 발생되는 아크를 트라이악에서 흡수하게 함으로서 고가의 은접점이나 합금접점이 필요없게되고 종래의 접점마모나 융착으로 인한 모터소손, 화재, 개폐동요, 노이지발생등의 제반 재해를 미연에 방지하여 원가절감과 생산성향상에 크게 기여할 수 있는 것이다.In this way, the arc generated at the contact during opening or closing is absorbed by the triac so that expensive silver contact or alloy contact is not necessary. Motor burn, fire, opening / closing fluctuation and noisy generation are caused by conventional contact wear or welding. It can contribute to cost reduction and productivity improvement by preventing such disasters in advance.

제3도는 전자개폐기의 가동편(C)상에 트라이악(TRIAC)을 설치하여 단자(T2)는 가동편(C)에 접속하고, 단자(T1)은 부하측고정단자(B)에, 게이트 단자(G)는 저항(R)을 거쳐 또다른 고정단자(D)에 접속하고, 가동편(C)상의 접점(C")부근에 스프링(H)으로 탄설된 가동핀(F)을 설치하여 개폐기가 "오프"된 때에는 전원측고정단자(A)와 부하측고정단자(B)가 부하측고정단자(B)가 완전 분링 개방되도록 한 구조로, 트라이악(TRIAC)의 불량시 안전사고를 미연에 방지토록 한것으로, 스위치(SW)를 투입하여 코일(88)이 여자되면 가동편(C)이 흡인되어 맨먼저 접점(C')와 접점(A')가 접속된 다음 가동핀(F)과 게이트단자(D)가 접속되어 순간적으로 트라이악이 도통되며, 그다음 맨나중으로 접점(C")와 접점(B')가 접속되어 트라이악이 즉시 차단되는 특징이 있는 것이다.3 shows a triac (TRIAC) on the movable piece (C) of the electromagnetic switch, and the terminal (T 2 ) is connected to the movable piece (C), and the terminal (T 1 ) is connected to the load side fixed terminal (B). The gate terminal (G) is connected to another fixed terminal (D) via a resistor (R), and a movable pin (F) is installed with a spring (H) near the contact (C ") on the movable piece (C). When the switch is "off", the power supply side fixed terminal (A) and the load side fixed terminal (B) have a structure in which the load side fixed terminal (B) is fully opened and the safety accident in case of triac (TRIAC) failure To prevent this, when the switch (SW) is turned on and the coil (88) is excited, the movable piece (C) is attracted and first the contact (C ') and the contact (A') are connected first, and then the movable pin (F) and the gate. The terminal D is connected to instantaneously conduct the triac, and finally, the contact C "and the contact B 'are connected so that the triac is immediately interrupted.

한편 코일(88)이 "오프"되어 개폐기가 개방될 때는 투입시와는 정반대로 양접점(B')(C")이 맨먼저 개방되고 다음으로 가동핀(F)과 고정단자(D)가 떨어지며, 맨나중에전원측접점(C')(A')이 떨어져 붙고 떨어지는 순간만 트리이악이 전류를 분담하므로 아크가 없게 되며 통상의 운전전류는 전원측고정단자(A)→가동편(C)→부하측고정단자(B)의 통로로 흐르게 되므로 트라이악에는 부담이 전혀 없게 되는 것이다.On the other hand, when the coil 88 is " off " to open the switch, the opposite contact point B 'and C " open first, and then the movable pin F and the fixed terminal D Since the triac shares the current only when the power side contact (C ') (A') comes off and falls off at the end, there is no arc, and the normal operation current is from the stationary terminal (A) to the movable side (C) to the load side. Since the fixed terminal (B) flows through the triac will be no burden at all.

Claims (3)

전원측과 부하측사이에 트라이악(TRIAC)을 설치한 전자개폐기에 있어서, 트라이악(TRIAC)의 단자(T2)(T1)를 전원측고정단자(A)와 부하측고정단자(B)에 각각 설치하되, 상기 트라이악(TRIAC)의 게이트단자(G)를 가동편(C)에 접속하고, 전원측고정단자(A)의 접점(A')과 가동편(C)의 일측접점(C')과의 간격이 부하측고정단자(B)의 접점(B')과 가동편(C)의 타측접점(C")과의 간격보다 좁도록 형성하여, 코일(88)에 여자되는 전자력에 의하여 상기 가동편(C)이 순차적으로 고정단자(A)(B)에 접속되도록 함을 특징으로 하는 아크없는 개폐기.In an electronic switch provided with a triac (TRIAC) between a power supply side and a load side, terminals (T 2 ) (T 1 ) of the triac (TRIAC) are respectively installed at the power supply side fixed terminal (A) and the load side fixed terminal (B). However, the gate terminal (G) of the triac (TRIAC) is connected to the movable piece (C), and the contact (A ') of the power supply side fixed terminal (A) and one side contact (C') of the movable piece (C) and Is formed to be smaller than the distance between the contact B 'of the load-side stationary terminal B and the other contact C "of the movable piece C, and the movable piece is excited by an electromagnetic force excited by the coil 88. And (C) sequentially connected to the fixed terminals (A) and (B). 제1항에 있어서, 삼상용 전자개폐기에 트라이악 3개를 각각 설치하되 전원측 고정단자(A)와 부하측고정단자(B)의 높이를 같게하고, 가동편(C)을 전원측 접점(C')쪽으로 경사지게 설치한 아크없는 개폐기.The three-phase electronic switch is provided with three triacs, respectively, wherein the height of the power supply side fixed terminal (A) and the load side fixed terminal (B) is the same, and the movable piece (C) is the power supply side contact (C '). Arc-free switchgear inclined toward side. 제1항에 있어서, 트라이악(TRIAC)의 단자(T2)(T1)를 가동편(C)과 전원측고정단자(B)에 각각 연결하고, 트라이악(TRIAC)의 게이트단자(G)를 가동핀(F)과 연결되는 고정단자(D)에 접속하여 개폐기의 개방시 전원측고정단자(A)에서 트라이악(TRIAC)이 완전 분리되도록한 아크없는 개폐기.The terminal (T 2 ) (T 1 ) of the triac (TRIAC) is connected to the movable piece (C) and the power supply side fixed terminal (B), respectively, and the gate terminal (G) of the triac (TRIAC). To the fixed terminal (D) connected to the movable pin (F), the arc-free switch to allow the triac (TRIAC) to be completely separated from the power supply side fixed terminal (A) when opening the switch.
KR1019850004424A 1984-08-27 1985-06-21 Arcless switch KR880001244B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019850004424A KR880001244B1 (en) 1985-06-21 1985-06-21 Arcless switch
US06/769,877 US4709294A (en) 1984-08-27 1985-08-27 Device for contact protection and arc prevention of a switch
PCT/KR1986/000002 WO1986007654A1 (en) 1985-06-21 1986-01-21 Device for protecting contact of switch and for preventing it from arcing

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019850004424A KR880001244B1 (en) 1985-06-21 1985-06-21 Arcless switch

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KR870000729A KR870000729A (en) 1987-02-20
KR880001244B1 true KR880001244B1 (en) 1988-07-12

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KR890000968B1 (en) * 1986-06-02 1989-04-15 김인석 Arcless electronic contact machine
KR100288487B1 (en) * 1998-03-05 2001-05-02 이영호 Power switch
KR100288486B1 (en) * 1998-03-05 2001-05-02 이영호 Power switch
KR101362711B1 (en) * 2012-10-10 2014-02-13 김인석 Arcless switch

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NL7303305A (en) * 1972-04-18 1973-09-18
JPS5342108B2 (en) * 1974-04-19 1978-11-09
US3982137A (en) * 1975-03-27 1976-09-21 Power Management Corporation Arc suppressor circuit
JPS52122853A (en) * 1976-04-05 1977-10-15 Shiyougen Jiyan Arc suppressing switching circuit
JPS5633065Y2 (en) * 1977-02-14 1981-08-06

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