KR20140071825A - The Device of Detecting the Error condition of the Solar module - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device of detecting the unusual condition of a solar cell battery for identifying the failure of the solar cell module used in a photovoltaic system generating power from sunlight. The device includes a bypass diode which bypasses a current flowing in a cell group by being electrically connected to the cell group in parallel when the cell group generates power under a predetermined voltage value; a current breaking relay switch which breaks a current when the current flows by being electrically connected to the bypass diode; and an unusual condition detection module with a light emitting diode which is electrically connected to the bypass diode and the current breaking relay switch and emits light by bypassing the blocked current when the current is blocked due to the operation of the current breaking relay switch.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a solar cell module,

The present invention relates to a solar cell module abnormality detecting apparatus for identifying a malfunction of a solar cell module used in a solar power generation system for generating electric power from solar light, It is possible to prevent secondary damage to the photovoltaic power generation system and to simplify the configuration of the photovoltaic module abnormality state detection device, And more particularly, to an economical solar module abnormality sensing apparatus that reduces the installation cost and maintenance cost of a large solar power generation system in which a large amount of solar cell modules are used in the area.

Generally, PV system is recognized as an alternative to global environmental problems and future energy source diversification due to pollution and abundance of solar energy sources, and research and development is actively being carried out in various countries around the world.

The photovoltaic power generation system is configured to produce a desired voltage and current by parallelly arranging a plurality of unit cell cells converting incident solar light into electricity. If an abnormality occurs in the unit cell, An abnormal operation is performed.

Accordingly, a solar panel used for solar power generation is formed by connecting a plurality of unit battery cells in series-parallel connection so as to form a single cell group by connecting several unit battery cells without forming a single solar cell module, Are connected to each other to constitute one solar cell module. A plurality of solar cell modules constituted by a plurality of cell groups are connected to each other in series and parallel through an external connection terminal box provided in each of the solar cell modules to produce a final voltage and current, In the case where one of the plurality of solar cell modules connected to each other through the respective external connection terminal boxes is operated abnormally, the abnormal operation of the entire solar cell power generation system or the inefficient power generation can be prevented .

[0002] Conventionally, a method for detecting an abnormal state of a solar cell module that directly affects power generation efficiency or abnormal operation of the entire solar cell generation system is disclosed in Patent Registration No. 10-1023445 entitled " 1 and 2, the entire solar power generation system (hereinafter, referred to as " solar power generation system ") is disclosed in Patent Application No. 10-0918964 And sends data on the measured current value and the voltage value to the central management system through the communication unit. In the central management system, the received current And the voltage data to identify the fault state of each solar cell module or solar panel.

However, in the case of constructing a photovoltaic power generation system by connecting a small amount of solar cell modules, there is an advantage in that the abnormality of the photovoltaic modules can be grasped individually, but a large amount of photovoltaic modules In the case of constructing the power generation system, the number of the measurement sensor unit and the control unit provided in each solar cell module also takes a large proportion in proportion to the number of the respective solar cell modules, The equipment also occupies a major part, and the equipment cost thereof also increases in proportion to the number of measurement sensors and the number of data collecting devices, and there is a problem that it takes a lot of time and cost to maintain the equipment due to the complicated device configuration .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a solar cell module which can accurately detect an abnormal state of a solar cell module, simplify the configuration of a sensing device for detecting an abnormal state of the solar cell module, In order to lower the cost and connect dozens of solar cell modules to constitute a large PV system, conventionally, the current value and the voltage value are measured for each of the above solar cell modules, the measured data is collected, It is possible to provide an economical photovoltaic module abnormality detection device that can be easily monitored through a monitor not only at the site but also at a remote place.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar cell module for generating electric power from solar light and detecting an abnormal state of the solar cell module constituting the solar cell power generation system, The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell module includes a plurality of cell groups in which a plurality of unit battery cells are gathered, and the plurality of cell groups are electrically connected in parallel to the cell group, A bypass diode for bypassing a current flowing to the cell group, a current interrupting relay switch for interrupting the current when the current flows in series with the bypass diode, and a bypass diode connected between the bypass diode and the current interrupting relay switch And the current blocking relay switch When the current is interrupted by the start of cut-off current it is energized to bypass the light-emitting diode which emits light of more than that is formed including (Light Emitting Diode) state detection module; The solar cell module abnormality detecting apparatus according to claim 1,

Preferably, the abnormality detection module is installed in each of the plurality of cell groups, and among the abnormality detection modules installed in the two or more cell groups, the current isolation relay switches are electrically connected in series to each other, Can be output,

More preferably, the abnormal state detection module includes a sunlight amount measuring sensor installed on a front surface of the cell group to measure a sunlight amount of sunlight; A reference voltage operation unit for receiving a sunshine amount measured by the sunshine measurement sensor and calculating a predetermined power generation reference voltage value for the cell group provided with the solar radiation amount measurement sensor; And comparing the predetermined power generation reference voltage value calculated from the reference voltage calculating section with an output voltage value outputted in real time from the cell group and if the output voltage value is lower than the power generation reference voltage value, And an energization control unit for bypassing the bypass diode with the bypass diode.

The solar cell module abnormality state detecting apparatus according to the present invention can accurately detect an abnormal state of the solar cell module even with a simple structure and simplifies the configuration of a sensing device for detecting an abnormal state of the solar cell module, It is possible to lower the manufacturing cost of the apparatus and improve the stability and soundness of the abnormal state sensing apparatus according to the long use.

Also, even when dozens of solar cells are connected to each other to form a large solar power generation system, facility cost and maintenance cost of the apparatus for detecting an abnormal state of the solar cell module can be remarkably reduced.

1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a conventional solar cell module failure detecting device installed in each solar cell module;
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a solar panel failure detecting apparatus.
FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B are operational states showing operation of the bypass diode in the solar cell module abnormal state sensing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing an operation state of the solar cell module abnormality state detecting apparatus according to the present invention, showing operation of a pass diode, a current shutdown relay switch, and a light emitting diode;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an apparatus for detecting anomalous state of a solar cell module according to the present invention, in which a plurality of solar cell modules are connected in series, and a connection state diagram showing a current cutoff relay switch signal line.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an apparatus for detecting a state of abnormality of a solar cell module according to the present invention, in which a light amount measuring sensor, a reference voltage calculating unit, and a current controlling unit are additionally provided; to be.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention in which the above object can be specifically realized will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In describing the embodiments, the same names are denoted by the same reference numerals, and further description thereof will be omitted below.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are operation state diagrams showing the operation of the bypass diode 30 in the apparatus for detecting abnormal state of the solar cell module according to the present invention. FIGS. 4A and 4B are views 5 shows an apparatus for detecting an anomaly of a solar cell module according to the present invention. In the apparatus 1, A power connection line 70 in which a plurality of solar cell modules 10 are connected in series, and a current interruption relay switch 40 signal line 41. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an apparatus 1 for detecting a state of abnormality of a solar cell module according to the present invention in which a sunlight amount measuring sensor 60, a reference voltage calculating unit 61 and an energizing controlling unit 62 are additionally provided to be.

In general, a plurality of unit cell cells 20 are gathered to form one cell group 21, and a plurality of the cell groups 21 are gathered to form one solar cell module 10, (10) collectively constitute an entire solar power generation system. That is, the solar cell module 10 includes a predetermined number of cell groups 21 coupled in series and in parallel, and is modularized into a panel shape, and is connected to a junction box of the modularized solar cell module 10, Each of the solar cell modules 10 is connected in series and parallel to generate desired power.

The voltage produced in the unit cell is usually 0.5 to 0.8 V and the power is about 3 to 5 W. The solar cell module 10 including the set of unit cells has an output of approximately 16 to 35 V and 120 to 320 W although it differs depending on the set of collected unit cells. In general, the solar cell module 10 is composed of 54 unit cells, and 18 unit cells 20 are connected in series to constitute one cell group 21, Three solar cells 10 are connected in series to constitute one solar cell module 10. When an abnormality occurs in one cell group 21 of the solar cell modules 10 constituted as described above, the power of the solar cell module 10 can not be output normally, And an abnormal state which causes failure to occur.

3A and 3B, the abnormal state sensing module 80 forming the apparatus for detecting the abnormal state of the solar cell module according to the present invention includes a plurality of unit cell cells 20, And a bypass diode is provided to be electrically connected in parallel to each of the cell groups 21. In the normal power generation of each of the cell groups 21, the generated current passes through each cell group 21 connected in series as shown in FIG. 3A However, as shown in FIG. 3B, when a plurality of unit battery cells 20 or a part of the cell group 21 is covered with dust, snow, or the like, or an operational problem occurs, the generated voltage does not reach the generated voltage under normal operation Current is not supplied to the cell group 21 in which the abnormal state is generated and the current is bypassed to the bypass diode 30 functioning as a reverse current prevention diode.

In the middle- or large-sized photovoltaic power generation system, a plurality of solar cell modules 10 are connected in series to produce an appropriate voltage for power generation. As the power generation capacity increases, a plurality of solar cell module groups connected in series are connected in parallel The power is supplied to the load or the power system through the connection box, the inverter or the like, and when the solar cell module 10 connected in series fails or can not produce power due to some shadow, A bypass diode 30 functioning as a reverse current prevention diode is installed in order to prevent the supply of power generated by the module. 3B, when the center-arranged cell group 21 fails to produce power due to a failure or a shade, a circuit is formed with current flowing through the bypass diode 30, The generated power is supplied to the system through the corresponding connection box connected in series with the generated power except for the power generation unit 21. However, since the voltage unbalance is generated by the ungenerated power of the failed cell group 21 and the voltage efficiency is lowered, 21) will perform maintenance or replacement work.

As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, a current cutoff relay switch 40 is connected to the bypass diode 30 in series to cut off the current when the current flows, When the light emitting diode 50 is connected in parallel with the diode 30 and the current cutoff relay switch 40 to cause an abnormality in a unit cell 20 of the cell group 21, The current cutoff relay switch 40 is excited by a current flowing by bypassing the circuit to shut off the circuit and the cutoff current is bypassed to the light emitting diode 50 to turn on the light emitting diode 50 And the field worker can confirm the cell group 21 in which the abnormality is generated through the light emission of the light emitting diode 50.

Preferably, each of the current interruption relay switches 40 of the abnormality detection modules 80 provided in the plurality of cell groups 21 is connected in series to be output as one signal, It is possible to integrally and easily monitor the occurrence of errors of the plurality of solar cell modules 10 for the group in which the signal lines 41 of the current cut-off relay switch 40 are connected in series with each other, The generated solar cell module 10, the cell group 21 and the unit cell 20 can be immediately confirmed on the spot by light emission of the light emitting diode 50, The installation cost can be significantly reduced.

4A, the resistor 51 connected in series with the light emitting diode 50 is selected as a predetermined resistance value so that an appropriate current is distributed and flowed, and the bypass diode 30, the current cutoff relay switch 40, and the light emitting diode 50, and a circuit may be formed by using an electronic device such as a photodiode or a photocoupler instead of the current interruption relay switch 40.

In general, a solar cell module is provided with a terminal box on its rear surface, and the terminal box is provided with an external connector (not shown) and is connected to another solar cell module 10 through the external connector. The signal line 41 of the current interrupting relay switch 40 is not provided with a connector for connecting the signal line 41 but is connected to the external connector together with the power connecting line 70, It can be configured as a terminal box that can be connected with one external connector so that the installation cost can be prevented.

6, a sunlight amount measuring sensor 60 for measuring a sunlight amount of sunlight is provided on the entire front surface of the cell group 21, and the sunlight amount measured from the sunlight amount measuring sensor 60 is inputted, (61) for calculating a predetermined power generation reference voltage value for a cell group (21) in which a solar radiation amount measurement sensor (60) is installed, and a predetermined power generation reference voltage value And a control unit for comparing the generated voltage value developed in real time from the cell group (21) and outputting a current input from the positive cell group (21) to the bypass diode (30) when the generated voltage value is lower than the generated reference voltage value ), It is possible to prevent the case where the generated voltage value is lower as a whole with respect to all of the solar cell modules 10 due to the influence of cloudy weather, Only when the cell 20 abnormally operates, it is recognized as a failure, and an abnormal state generation signal can be outputted through the signal line 41 of the current interruption relay switch 40.

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, it is necessary to replace a malfunctioning solar cell module 10 that detects malfunctioning of a solar cell module within a short period of time. To this end, an apparatus for detecting a malfunction of a conventional solar cell module includes a solar cell module 10 And a control unit for determining whether or not a malfunction has occurred are connected to the respective solar cell modules 10, respectively. And it is installed separately to monitor the abnormality of the solar cell module.

As described above, the conventional fault detection apparatus, which individually monitors the abnormality of each solar cell module 10 and informs the outside of the abnormality, has an advantage of accurately informing the outside of the abnormality of each solar cell module 10 , And the solar cell module 10 is assembled into a large solar power generation system by collecting from several tens to as many as several hundreds, the equipment for collecting the measured data from each measurement sensor also constitutes a main part of the failure detection device And the installation and maintenance cost also increases in proportion to the number of measurement sensors, the number of data acquisition devices, and the number of control devices,

As described above, in the solar cell module according to the present invention, the surveillance device prevents current from flowing into the cell group 21 whose current generation is not good due to a fault or the like through the bypass diode 30,

A plurality of solar cell modules 10 connected in series are connected to each other through a series connection between current interruption relay switches 40 provided in a plurality of abnormal state detection modules 80, It is possible to easily detect an abnormal state at a remote place and to simplify the configuration of the abnormal state monitoring device for a plurality of solar cell modules. Thus, it is possible to simplify the structure of the abnormal state monitoring device for a plurality of solar cell modules, The apparatus cost and the maintenance cost including the installation cost of the data collecting equipment for the abnormal state measurement of each solar cell module can be remarkably reduced,

When the abnormality of the solar cell module group connected in series with the current interrupting relay switch 40 is confirmed at a remote location through the signal line 41 connected to the relay switch 40 in series, The cell group 21 and the unit cell 20 in which an abnormal state has occurred in the field are generated through the light emission of the light emitting diode 50 of the abnormal state detection module 80 provided in the cell 21, And it is possible to immediately change maintenance on the spot, so that it becomes possible to more quickly and easily perform maintenance and management of a plurality of solar cell modules 10. [

It is to be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in many other forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention,

Accordingly, the above-described embodiments are to be considered illustrative and not restrictive, and all embodiments within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

1: Solar cell module abnormal condition detection device
10: Solar module
20: unit battery cell 21: unit battery cell group
30: Bypass diode 40: Current interruption relay switch
41: signal line 50: light emitting diode
51: Resistance 60: Sunlight measuring sensor
61: reference voltage operating section 62: energizing control section
70: Power line 80: Abnormal state detection module

Claims (3)

A solar cell module abnormality detecting apparatus for detecting an abnormal state of a solar cell module constituting a solar power generation system and generating an electric power from solar light and informing the outside of the abnormality state,
The solar cell module includes a plurality of cell groups in which a plurality of unit battery cells are gathered,
A bypass diode electrically connected in parallel with the cell group to bypass current flowing into the cell group when the cell group develops to a voltage lower than a predetermined voltage value,
A current blocking relay switch electrically connected in series with the bypass diode to cut off current when current flows,
And a light emitting diode (LED) that is electrically connected in parallel with the bypass diode and the current cutoff relay switch to turn off the current when the current is cut off by the operation of the current cutoff relay switch An abnormal condition detection module;
Wherein the solar cell module abnormality detecting device comprises:
The method according to claim 1,
The abnormal state detection module includes:
Wherein the current blocking relay switch is electrically connected to one of the plurality of the abnormality detection modules installed in each of the plurality of cell groups to output a single signal. State detection device.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The abnormal state detection module includes:
A sunlight amount measuring sensor provided on the front surface of the cell group for measuring a sunlight amount of sunlight;
A reference voltage operation unit for receiving a sunshine amount measured by the sunshine measurement sensor and calculating a predetermined power generation reference voltage value for the cell group provided with the solar radiation amount measurement sensor;
And comparing the predetermined power generation reference voltage value calculated from the reference voltage calculating section with an output voltage value outputted in real time from the cell group and if the output voltage value is lower than the power generation reference voltage value, And an energization control unit for energizing the bypass diode by bypassing the bypass diode.

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