KR20130078106A - Electric vehicle charing apparatus - Google Patents
Electric vehicle charing apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- KR20130078106A KR20130078106A KR1020110146876A KR20110146876A KR20130078106A KR 20130078106 A KR20130078106 A KR 20130078106A KR 1020110146876 A KR1020110146876 A KR 1020110146876A KR 20110146876 A KR20110146876 A KR 20110146876A KR 20130078106 A KR20130078106 A KR 20130078106A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/52—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by DC-motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/66—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
- H02M7/68—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/72—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/79—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/797—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
- B60L2210/42—Voltage source inverters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
- B60L2240/526—Operating parameters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 전기자동차 충전장치에 관한 것으로, 보다 자세하게는 양방향 인버터를 이용하여 폭넓은 범위의 전압을 출력제어할 수 있는 전기자동차 충전장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an electric vehicle charging apparatus, and more particularly, to an electric vehicle charging apparatus capable of output control of a wide range of voltage using a bidirectional inverter.
종래에 엔진에 의해 구동되는 차량은 엔진, 변속기 및 드라이브샤프트, 유압브레이크, 기타 엔진과 관련하여 연료공급장치, 흡기 및 배기장치, 냉각 및 윤활장치, 방진장치 등 수많은 부품이 소요되고 배기가스에 의해 대기를 오염시키는 많은 문제점을 발생시키고 있었다. 이러한 문제점을 해소하기 위하여 현재 전기모터를 장착한 차량, 수소자동차, 연료전지 또는 태양에너지를 이용한 차세대 자동차 등이 개발되고 있다.Conventionally, a vehicle driven by an engine requires a large number of parts such as fuel supply, intake and exhaust, cooling and lubrication system, and dustproof device in relation to the engine, transmission and drive shaft, hydraulic brake, and other engines. There were many problems that caused air pollution. In order to solve this problem, vehicles equipped with electric motors, hydrogen cars, fuel cells, or next generation cars using solar energy have been developed.
이러한 전기자동차의 배터리는 모터 구동용 인버터를 양방향으로 사용하여 충전할 수 있다. 도 1은 종래의 전기자동차 충전 장치의 회로를 나타낸 도면이다. 도 1을 참조하면, 양방향 인버터를 이용하여 배터리를 충전하기 위해서는, 배터리 충전 시 4개의 스위치로 정류를 하고, 2개의 스위치로 DC/DC 컨버터를 구성한다. AC/DC 정류기 입력 필터와 DC/DC 컨버터 출력 필터의 리액터는 모터 고정자 코일의 리액턴스 성분으로 구성한다. 그리고 3상 모터 고정자 코일에 대해 상 전환하여 AC/DC 정류기 입력 필터와 DC/DC 컨버터의 출력 필터의 리액턴스 값을 조정한다. 이와 관련된 상세한 내용은 PCT 공개 특허 제97/008009호에 언급되어 있다.The battery of the electric vehicle can be charged by using a motor-driven inverter in both directions. 1 is a view showing a circuit of a conventional electric vehicle charging device. Referring to FIG. 1, in order to charge a battery using a bidirectional inverter, the battery is rectified by four switches and a DC / DC converter is configured by two switches. The reactor of the AC / DC rectifier input filter and the DC / DC converter output filter consist of the reactance component of the motor stator coil. Phase change is then performed for the three-phase motor stator coil to adjust the reactance values of the AC / DC rectifier input filter and the output filter of the DC / DC converter. Details in this regard are mentioned in PCT Publication No. 97/008009.
그러나 이러한 종래의 기술은 AC/DC 정류기의 파워퀄리티가 떨어지고, 인버터 내의 스위칭 소자가 비대칭적으로 사용되어 고장 발생의 확률이 증가시키고, 이로 인해 인버터의 수명을 단축시킨다. 또한, 모터의 스테이터(Stator)의 코일을 사용하여 리액턴스를 구성하므로 리액턴스 값의 자유도가 현저히 떨어지고, 전체적인 충전 시스템의 최적화를 저해하며, 효율 및 제어 성능에 악영향을 미친다.However, such a conventional technique is poor in power quality of the AC / DC rectifier, the switching element in the inverter is used asymmetrically to increase the probability of failure, thereby reducing the lifetime of the inverter. In addition, since the reactance is configured using the coil of the stator of the motor, the degree of freedom of the reactance value is remarkably decreased, which hinders the optimization of the overall charging system and adversely affects the efficiency and control performance.
본 발명이 해결하고자 하는 과제는, 차량 내부 모터 구동 인버터를 양방향으로 활용하여 인버터의 수명을 연장시키고, 넓은 범위의 출력 전압을 갖는 경량의 전기자동차 충전장치를 제공하는 것이다.The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a lightweight electric vehicle charging device having a wide range of output voltage to extend the life of the inverter by utilizing the motor drive inverter in-vehicle in both directions.
이러한 기술적 과제를 해결하기 위한 본 발명의 전기자동차 충전장치는 전류의 흐름 방향에 따라 전기자동차의 모터를 제어하는 인버터 또는 교류를 직류로 변환하는 컨버터 역할을 하는 전류변환수단; 상기 삼상교류전원의 각 상에 연결되고 리액턴스 값이 조절가능한 리액터; 상기 삼상교류전원에서 입력되는 삼상전원을 변환시키기 위해, 상기 리액터, 상기 삼상교류전원의 중성선 및 상기 전류변환수단 사이에 위치하여 상기 리액터와 상기 삼상교류전원의 중성선 사이를 스위칭하는 단상 절환 스위치; 및 상기 전류변환수단에 연결되어 전기자동차를 구동하는 모터;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The electric vehicle charging device of the present invention for solving the technical problem is a current conversion means that serves as an inverter for controlling the motor of the electric vehicle or a converter for converting AC into direct current according to the flow direction of the current; A reactor connected to each phase of the three-phase AC power supply and having a reactance value adjustable; A single-phase switching switch located between the reactor, the neutral line of the three-phase AC power source and the current converting means to switch the three-phase power source input from the three-phase AC power source to switch between the reactor and the neutral wire of the three-phase AC power source; And a motor connected to the current conversion means to drive the electric vehicle.
또한, 상기 전류변환수단에 단상 전원을 공급하기 위한 상기 충방전 절환 스위치는, 상기 단상 절환 스위치가 상기 중성선 측으로 스위칭 된 경우, 상기 단상 절환 스위치 측으로 스위칭 연결하는 제1 충방전 절환 스위치; 상기 리액터 측으로 스위칭 연결하는 제2 충방전 절환 스위치; 및 상기 리액터 측으로 스위칭 연결을 하지 않는 제3 충방전 절환 스위치를 포함하여 구성할 수 있다.In addition, the charge-discharge switching switch for supplying the single-phase power to the current conversion means, the first charge-discharge switching switch for switching to the single-phase switching switch side, when the single-phase switching switch is switched to the neutral line side; A second charge / discharge switching switch connected to the reactor for switching; And a third charge / discharge switching switch which does not have a switching connection to the reactor side.
또한, 상기 전류변화수단에 단상 전원을 공급하기 위한 상기 충방전 절환 스위치는 상기 단상 절환 스위치가 상기 중성선 전원 측으로 스위칭 된 경우, 상기 단상 절환 스위치 측으로 스위칭 연결을 통해 전기적 회로를 형성하는 제1 충방전 절환 스위치; 상기 리액터 측으로 스위칭 연결을 통해 전기적 회로를 제2 충방전 절환 스위치; 및 상기 리액터 측으로 스위칭 연결하지 않아 전기적 회로를 구성하지 않는 제3 충방전 절환 스위치를 포함하여 구성될 수 있다.In addition, the charge-discharge switching switch for supplying the single-phase power to the current change means is the first charge-discharge to form an electrical circuit through the switching connection to the single-phase switching switch side, when the single-phase switching switch is switched to the neutral line power supply side Switching switch; A second charge / discharge switch for switching an electrical circuit to the reactor side through a switching connection; And a third charge / discharge switching switch which does not constitute an electrical circuit by not switching to the reactor side.
또한, 상기 전류변환수단이 교류를 직류로 변환하는 컨버터 역할을 하는 경우, AC/DC PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) 컨버터로서 동작할 수 있다.In addition, when the current converting means serves as a converter for converting alternating current into direct current, it may operate as an AC / DC pulse width modulation (PWM) converter.
또한, 상기 리액터는 상기 전기자동차의 외부에 위치할 수 있다.
In addition, the reactor may be located outside the electric vehicle.
본 발명에 의하면, 차량 내부 모터 구동 인버터를 양방향으로 활용하고, 별도의 추가 스위칭 회로 없이 기존 인버터 회로만을 사용하여 넓은 범위의 출력 전압을 갖는 경량의 전기자동차 충전장치를 제공할 수 있다. 또한, AC/DC PWM 컨버터를 사용하여 정류하므로 파워 퀄리티를 증가시킬 수 있으며, 인버터 스위치를 균형적으로 사용할 수 있어 전체적인 인버터의 수명을 연장시킬 수 있다.
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a lightweight electric vehicle charging apparatus having a wide range of output voltages by utilizing the in-vehicle motor driving inverter in both directions and using only the existing inverter circuit without any additional switching circuit. In addition, rectification using an AC / DC PWM converter increases power quality, and the use of inverter switches in a balanced manner extends the life of the overall inverter.
도 1은 종래 발명에 따른 전기자동차 충전 장치의 회로도.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 전기자동차 충전 장치의 회로도.
도 3a 및 3b는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 단상 절환 스위치의 동작을 설명하기 위한 회로도.
도 4a 및 4b는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 충방전 절환 스위치의 동작을 설명하기 위한 회로도.
도 5는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 충방전 절환 스위치 및 단상 절환 스위치의 동작을 설명하기 위한 회로도.1 is a circuit diagram of a charging apparatus for an electric vehicle according to the related art.
2 is a circuit diagram of an electric vehicle charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3A and 3B are circuit diagrams for explaining the operation of a single-phase switching switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4A and 4B are circuit diagrams for describing an operation of a charge / discharge switching switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a circuit diagram for explaining the operation of the charge-discharge switching switch and the single-phase switching switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
이하 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대해 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 용이하게 실시할 수 있도록 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may easily implement the present invention.
도 2는 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 전기자동차 충전장치의 회로도이다.2 is a circuit diagram of an electric vehicle charging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 2를 참고하면, 전기자동차 충전장치는 배터리(100), 전류변환수단(200), 삼상교류전원, 리액터(410), 단상 절환 스위치(420), 충방전 절환 스위치(300) 및 모터(500) 구성을 포함한다.Referring to FIG. 2, the electric vehicle charging device includes a battery 100, a current converting means 200, a three phase AC power supply, a reactor 410, a single phase switch 420, a charge / discharge switch 300, and a motor 500. ) Configuration.
배터리(100)는 도 2에서 보는 바와 같이 전기적으로 연결된 전류변환수단(200)으로부터 직류를 공급받아 배터리(100) 내 셀에 전력을 저장하며, 저장된 전력을 모터(500)에 공급하기 위해 전류변환수단(200)에 직류를 공급하는 역할을 한다.As shown in FIG. 2, the battery 100 receives direct current from an electrically connected current converting means 200, stores power in a cell in the battery 100, and converts current to supply the stored power to the motor 500. It serves to supply direct current to the means (200).
전류변환수단(200)은 외부에 위치한 삼상교류전원으로부터 교류를 공급받고 이를 직류로 변환하여 배터리(100)에 공급하고, 또한, 배터리(100)로부터 직류를 공급받고 이를 교류로 변환하여 모터(500)에 공급하고 제어하는 역할을 한다. The current converting means 200 is supplied with alternating current from an external three-phase AC power source and converts it to a direct current to the battery 100, and also receives a direct current from the battery 100 and converts it into an alternating current motor 500 ) To feed and control.
즉, AC/DC PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) 컨버터 및 DC/AC 인버터 기능을 수행하는 전류변환수단(200)은 IGBT(Insulated Gate Bi-Polar Transistor) 등 스위칭 기능이 있는 여섯 개의 전력반도체로 구성될 수 있으나 이와 같은 종류나 개수에 한정되지 않으며, 전류를 양방향으로 통과시키며, 방향에 따라 직류를 교류로 전환하거나 교류를 직류로 전환하는 수단이면 족하다.That is, the current conversion means 200 which performs an AC / DC pulse width modulation (PWM) converter and a DC / AC inverter function may include six power semiconductors having a switching function such as an insulated gate bi-polar transistor (IGBT). However, the present invention is not limited to this kind or number, and means for passing current in both directions and converting direct current into alternating current or alternating current into direct current depending on the direction.
삼상교류전원은 차량의 외부에 위치한 전원으로 배터리(100)에 충전되는 전원을 공급하는 역할을 하는 것으로, 일반적인 가정용의 삼상 사선식 220V 교류를 공급하는 전원이 될 수 있다.The three-phase AC power supply serves to supply power to the battery 100 with a power source located outside the vehicle, and may be a power supply for supplying three-phase four-wire 220V AC in general home.
리액터(Reator)(410)는 전기자동차의 외부에 위치하고, 삼상교류전원의 각 상에 연결된 제1 리액터(411) 내지 제3 리액터(413)로 구성된 것으로서, 전기자동차 충전장치의 리액턴스 값을 설정하는 역할을 한다. 교류회로에서 리액턴스 조절은 당업자에게 널리 알려진 것으로 본 명세서에서의 자세한 설명은 생략한다. Reactor 410 is composed of the first reactor 411 to the third reactor 413 located outside the electric vehicle, and connected to each phase of the three-phase AC power supply, and sets the reactance value of the electric vehicle charging device. Play a role. Reactance control in the AC circuit is well known to those skilled in the art, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
도 1과 같이, 종래 발명은 리액턴스 값 설정을 위해 전기자동차의 모터(500)에 설치된 고정자 코일을 활용해야 하기 때문에 리액턴스 값의 설정이 제한적이며, 리액턴스 값의 자유도가 현격히 떨어지는 문제점이 있다. As shown in FIG. 1, the conventional invention has a problem in that the setting of the reactance value is limited because the stator coil installed in the motor 500 of the electric vehicle is used to set the reactance value, and the freedom of the reactance value is significantly reduced.
그러나 도 2의 본 발명의 실시예에서 보는 바와 같이, 본 발명은 전기자동차에 설치된 모터(500)의 고정자 코일 대신 전기자동차의 외부에 설치된 리액터(410)를 활용하기 때문에 리액턴스 값의 섬세한 조절이 가능하며, 전기자동차의 전체적인 무게도 감소시킬 수 있다.However, as shown in the embodiment of the present invention of Figure 2, the present invention utilizes the reactor 410 installed on the outside of the electric vehicle instead of the stator coil of the motor 500 installed in the electric vehicle, it is possible to finely adjust the reactance value In addition, the overall weight of the electric vehicle can be reduced.
단상 절환 스위치(420)는 리액터(410), 전류변환수단(200) 및 삼상교류전원 사이에 위치하여, 전류전환수단에 공급되는 전원을 삼상과 비삼상 사이에서 전환시키는 역할을 한다. The single-phase switching switch 420 is located between the reactor 410, the current conversion means 200 and the three-phase AC power supply, and serves to switch the power supplied to the current conversion means between three and non-three phases.
단상 절환 스위치(420)는 도 3a와 같이, 삼상교류전원의 각 상 모두를 이용하는 충전하는 경우에는 제1 리액터(411) 측으로 스위칭하여 리액터(410)와 전류변환수단(200)을 전기적으로 연결한다. 그리고 도 3b와 같이, 삼상교류전원 중 삼상 전원이 아닌 비삼상 전원을 이용하여 배터리(100)를 충전하는 경우에는, 단상 절환 스위치(420)가 제1 리액터(411)로부터 중성선으로 스위칭되어 전류변환수단(200)과 삼상교류전원의 중성선을 전기적으로 연결한다.As shown in FIG. 3A, the single-phase switching switch 420 switches to the first reactor 411 to electrically connect the reactor 410 and the current converting means 200 when charging using each phase of the three-phase AC power supply. . In addition, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the battery 100 is charged using a non-three-phase power source other than the three-phase power source among the three-phase AC power sources, the single-phase switching switch 420 is switched from the first reactor 411 to the neutral wire to convert the current. Electrically connecting the
일반적으로 삼상사선 220V 교류 입력 조건에서는 전류변환수단(200)으로부터 360V이 공급되나, 단상 절환 스위치(420)가 삼상전원의 중성선과 연결됨으로써 360V 미만의 전원이 전류변환수단(200)으로부터 배터리(100)로 공급될 수 있다.In general, in the three-phase four-wire 220V AC input condition, 360V is supplied from the current conversion means 200, but a single-phase switching switch 420 is connected to the neutral wire of the three-phase power supply, the power of less than 360V from the current conversion means 200, the battery 100 Can be supplied.
모터(500)는 전류변환수단(200)에 연결되고, 배터리(100)로부터 전류변환수단(200)을 거쳐 공급된 교류를 이용하여 구동된다.The motor 500 is connected to the current converting means 200 and is driven by using an alternating current supplied from the battery 100 via the current converting means 200.
충방전 절환 스위치(300)는 전류변환수단(200), 리액터(410) 및 모터(500) 사이에 위치하여, 리액터(410)로부터 공급되는 전원을 전류전환수단에게 공급하여 배터리(100)를 충전하거나 전류전환수단으로부터 공급되는 교류를 모터(500)에 공급하여 배터리(100)를 방전하는 것을 결정하기 위해 스위칭한다. The charge / discharge switching switch 300 is located between the current conversion means 200, the reactor 410, and the motor 500, and supplies the power supplied from the reactor 410 to the current conversion means to charge the battery 100. Or switch to determine that the battery 100 is discharged by supplying alternating current supplied from the current switching means to the motor 500.
도 4a와 같이 배터리(100)가 충전되는 경우에는 제1 내지 제3 충방전 절환 스위치(310, 320, 330) 모두가 리액터(410) 측으로 스위칭되어 삼상교류전원으로부터 전원을 공급받고, 도 4b와 같이 배터리(100)가 방전되는 경우에는 제1 내지 제3 충방전 절환 스위치(310, 320, 330)가 모두 모터(500) 측으로 스위칭되어, 배터리(100) 전원을 모터(500)에 공급한다.When the battery 100 is charged as shown in FIG. 4A, all of the first to third charge /
그리고 충방전 절환 스위치(300)는 단상 절환 스위치(420)와 함께 배터리(100) 충전 시 삼상교류전원을 단상교류전원으로 전환시키는 역할을 한다. 즉, 도 5와 같이, 제1 충방전 절환 스위치(310)는 단상 절환 스위치(420)와 연결되어 삼상교류전원의 중성선에 전기적으로 연결되고, 제2 충방전 절환 스위치(320)는 제2 리액터(412)에 연결되며, 제3 충방전 절환 스위치(330)는 오프될 수 있다. In addition, the charge / discharge switching switch 300 serves to switch the three-phase alternating current power supply to the single-phase alternating current power when the battery 100 is charged together with the single-phase switching switch 420. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the first charge /
이처럼 충방전 절환 스위치(300)와 단상 절환 스위치(420)를 동시에 이용하여 삼상교류전원에서 단상만을 추출하여 단상교류전원을 전류변환수단(200)에 입력할 수 있다. As such, the single-phase AC power source may be inputted to the current converting means 200 by extracting only the single phase from the three-phase AC power supply using the charge / discharge switching switch 300 and the single-phase switching switch 420 simultaneously.
이를 통해 220V 교류의 외부 입력 환경에서, 전류변환수단(200)의 출력 전압을 180V까지 낮게 제어할 수 있다. 더욱 상세하게, 하기의 식과 같이 낮은 전압 공급이 가능하다.Through this, in the external input environment of 220V AC, it is possible to control the output voltage of the current conversion means 200 to 180V. In more detail, a low voltage supply is possible as in the following equation.
220V 삼상 사선식 삼상 PWM 컨버터의 출력 전압의 경우, 하기의 식과 같이 357.8 V가 된다.In the case of the output voltage of the 220V three-phase four-wire three-phase PWM converter, it becomes 357.8V as shown in the following equation.
그러나 본 발명을 통해, 220V 삼상 사선식에서 1상과 중성선을 입력으로 하는 단상 PWM컨버터의 출력 전압은 하기의 식과 같이 179.6V로 낮게 제어될 수 있다.However, through the present invention, the output voltage of the single-phase PWM converter with a single phase and a neutral wire in the 220V three-phase four-wire can be controlled as low as 179.6V as shown in the following equation.
단, VDC는 출력 DC 전압Where V DC is the output DC voltage
VLPK는 입력 선간 전압의 피크치V LPK is the peak value of input line voltage
Dm은 PWM 신호의 변조 인덱스(Modulation Index), 0~1의 값을 가짐D m is the modulation index of the PWM signal and has a value between 0 and 1.
아울러, 반드시 제2 충방전 절환 스위치(320)가 제2 리액터(412)에 연결되고, 제3 충방전 절환 스위치(330)는 오픈(Open)되는 것에 한정될 필요는 없으며, 제3 충방전 절환 스위치(330)가 제3 리액터(413)에 연결되고 제2 충방전 절환 스위치(320)가 오픈되어도 무방하다.In addition, the second charge /
본 발명을 통하여, 차량 내부 모터(500) 구동 인버터를 양방향으로 활용하고, 별도의 추가 스위칭 회로 없이 기존 인버터 회로만을 사용하여 넓은 범위의 출력 전압을 갖는 경량의 전기자동차 충전장치를 제공할 수 있다. 또한, AC/DC PWM 컨버터를 사용하여 정류하므로 파워 퀄리티를 증가시킬 수 있으며, 인버터 스위치 6개를 모두 균형적으로 사용할 수 있어 전체적인 인버터의 수명을 연장시킬 수 있다.Through the present invention, it is possible to provide a light-weight electric vehicle charging apparatus having a wide range of output voltages by utilizing the in-vehicle motor 500 driving inverter in both directions and using only the existing inverter circuit without an additional additional switching circuit. In addition, rectification using an AC / DC PWM converter increases power quality, and the use of all six inverter switches in a balanced manner extends the life of the overall inverter.
이상에서 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대하여 상세하게 설명하였지만 본 발명의 권리범위는 이에 한정되는 것은 아니고 다음의 청구범위에서 정의하고 있는 본 발명의 기본 개념을 이용한 당업자의 여러 변형 및 개량 형태 또한 본 발명의 권리범위에 속하는 것이다.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, Of the right.
100 : 배터리 200 : 전류변환수단
300 : 충방전 절환 스위치 310 : 제1 충방전 절환 스위치
320 : 제2 충방전 절환 스위치 330 : 제3 충방전 절환 스위치
400 : 외부충전장치 410 : 리액터
411 : 제1 리액터 412 : 제2 리액터
413 : 제3 리액터 420 : 단상 절환 스위치
500 : 모터100: battery 200: current conversion means
300: charge and discharge switching switch 310: the first charge and discharge switching switch
320: second charge-discharge switching switch 330: third charge-discharge switching switch
400: external charging device 410: reactor
411: first reactor 412: second reactor
413: third reactor 420: single-phase switching switch
500: motor
Claims (5)
전류의 흐름 방향에 따라 전기자동차의 모터를 제어하는 인버터 또는 교류를 직류로 변환하는 컨버터 역할을 하는 전류변환수단;
상기 삼상교류전원의 각 상에 연결되고 리액턴스 값이 조절가능한 리액터;
상기 삼상교류전원에서 입력되는 삼상전원을 변환시키기 위해, 상기 리액터, 상기 삼상교류전원의 중성선 및 상기 전류변환수단 사이에 위치하여 상기 리액터와 상기 삼상교류전원의 중성선 사이를 스위칭하는 단상 절환 스위치; 및
상기 전류변환수단에 연결되어 전기자동차를 구동하는 모터;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기자동차 충전장치
In the device for charging a battery of an electric vehicle using a three-phase AC power supply,
Current converting means serving as an inverter for controlling the motor of the electric vehicle or a converter for converting alternating current into direct current according to the direction of current flow;
A reactor connected to each phase of the three-phase AC power supply and having a reactance value adjustable;
A single-phase switching switch located between the reactor, the neutral line of the three-phase AC power source and the current converting means to switch the three-phase power source input from the three-phase AC power source to switch between the reactor and the neutral wire of the three-phase AC power source; And
An electric vehicle charging device comprising: a motor connected to the current conversion means to drive an electric vehicle.
상기 배터리의 충전과 방전을 전환시키기 위해, 상기 전류변환수단, 상기 리액터 및 상기 모터 사이에서 스위칭하는 충방전 절환 스위치를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기자동차 충전장치.
The method according to claim 1,
And a charge / discharge switching switch for switching between the current converting means, the reactor, and the motor to switch between charging and discharging the battery.
상기 전류변환수단에 단상 전원을 공급하기 위한 상기 충방전 절환 스위치는,
상기 단상 절환 스위치가 상기 중성선 측으로 스위칭 된 경우, 상기 단상 절환 스위치 측으로 스위칭 연결하는 제1 충방전 절환 스위치;
상기 리액터 측으로 스위칭 연결하는 제2 충방전 절환 스위치; 및
상기 리액터 측으로 스위칭 연결을 하지 않는 제3 충방전 절환 스위치를 포함하여 구성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기자동차 충전장치.
The method of claim 2,
The charge-discharge switching switch for supplying single-phase power to the current conversion means,
A first charging / discharging switching switch which switches to the single phase switching switch side when the single phase switching switch is switched to the neutral line side;
A second charge / discharge switching switch connected to the reactor for switching; And
And a third charging / discharging switching switch which does not have a switching connection to the reactor.
상기 전류변환수단이 교류를 직류로 변환하는 컨버터 역할을 하는 경우, AC/DC PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) 컨버터로서 동작하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기자동차 충전장치.
The method according to claim 1,
When the current conversion means serves as a converter for converting alternating current into direct current, electric vehicle charging apparatus characterized in that it operates as an AC / DC Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) converter.
상기 리액터는 상기 전기자동차의 외부에 위치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기자동차 충전장치.The method according to claim 1,
The reactor is an electric vehicle charging apparatus, characterized in that located on the outside of the electric vehicle.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR1020110146876A KR20130078106A (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2011-12-30 | Electric vehicle charing apparatus |
| PCT/KR2012/011461 WO2013100559A1 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2012-12-26 | Electric vehicle charging device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR1020110146876A KR20130078106A (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2011-12-30 | Electric vehicle charing apparatus |
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| KR20130078106A true KR20130078106A (en) | 2013-07-10 |
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| CN104608649A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-05-13 | 山东大学 | Integrated type electrical vehicle electrical energy conversion system |
| KR20160024594A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-03-07 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Driving module for vehicle |
| US9902275B2 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2018-02-27 | Hanwha Land Systems Co., Ltd. | Method and device for reciprocally supplying electricity between electric vehicle and other vehicle |
| KR20190115831A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2019-10-14 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Battery charger for electric vehicle |
| KR20190115598A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-10-14 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Battery charger for electric vehicle |
| CN110690749A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-01-14 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Charging device of electric automobile |
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| JPH06178407A (en) * | 1992-12-08 | 1994-06-24 | Kyushu Electric Power Co Inc | Vehicle-borne charger for electric vehicle |
| JP3178146B2 (en) * | 1992-12-25 | 2001-06-18 | 富士電機株式会社 | Electric vehicle electric system |
| KR100657473B1 (en) * | 2004-08-25 | 2006-12-13 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Inrush protection circuit and its method for inverter |
| KR101479241B1 (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2015-01-05 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | Single-phase control circuit of three phase power supply |
| KR20110105034A (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2011-09-26 | 전자부품연구원 | Electric vehicle |
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| US9902275B2 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2018-02-27 | Hanwha Land Systems Co., Ltd. | Method and device for reciprocally supplying electricity between electric vehicle and other vehicle |
| KR20160024594A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-03-07 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Driving module for vehicle |
| US10044247B2 (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2018-08-07 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Driving module for vehicles |
| CN104608649A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-05-13 | 山东大学 | Integrated type electrical vehicle electrical energy conversion system |
| KR20190115598A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-10-14 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Battery charger for electric vehicle |
| KR20190115831A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2019-10-14 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Battery charger for electric vehicle |
| CN110341509A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2019-10-18 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Charging unit for electric vehicle |
| CN110341509B (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2023-06-09 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Charging device for electric vehicle |
| CN110690749A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-01-14 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Charging device of electric automobile |
| KR20200004963A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-01-15 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Battery charger for electric vehicle |
| KR20200105556A (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-08 | 감기백 | Battery charging device and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2013100559A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 |
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