KR20000054001A - an artificial water grass for bringing up a bio resources rearing and that is used to purify method of the quality of water - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An artificial water plant which can promote biological resources in the water thereby recovering the sound aquatic ecosystem and purify water by supplying oxygen to the water is provided by establishing various kinds of artificial water plants instead of natural water plants. CONSTITUTION: An artificial water plant, that is media(2) for oxygen, has a shape of rope(1) having a multitude of filaments made of chemically synthesized fibers. The rope type media(2) is installed onto every cross point formed by pipes connected to each other, wherein every cross point has an air exhaust pipe(4a) installed in a way to face upward and has a sediment outlet pipe(4b) installed at the other direction, downward. At every end of the sides, plummet(6) fixed by rope(7) or anchor is installed to sink a bottom part foundation(4). To the upper part of the rope type media(2), a buoyance container(5) is connected for keeping the rope type media(2) floated.

Description

Artificial artificial grass for bringing up a bio resources rearing and that is used to purify method of the quality of water}

The present invention relates to artificial plants for protecting and nurturing biological resources in the body of water and methods of water purification using the same, and in particular, by installing artificial plants in the sublimated bodies, providing habitat for aquatic organisms and restoring a healthy underwater ecosystem. It is about developing biological resources and using them to purify water quality.

In general, eutrophication in stagnant bodies of water occurs when nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus are abundant, and in most cases phosphorus is the limiting factor.

Phosphorus introduced into the water system exists as soluble inorganic phosphate or organic phosphorus. Algae, aquatic plants, and bacteria, which are phytoplankton in the water, assimilate them to synthesize nucleic acids and convert them into biological phosphorus.

Phosphorus uptake by algae and bacteria proceeds very quickly and is absorbed into cells within minutes.

On the other hand, since zooplankton feeds on algae, when a large number of zooplanktons are present in eutrophic water bodies, algae are reduced by feeding on zooplankton, and eutrophication is suppressed.

However, in eutrophic natural waters, zooplankton is fed to a variety of fish, resulting in low habitat densities, making it less than adequate.

There are a variety of organisms in the waters, and the ecosystem is balanced by mutual competition, symbiosis, and food chains.

However, when the environment changes, the competition between species is nourished, and species that are beneficial to the environment multiply, and disadvantaged species follow the path of decay.

Important primary producers in aquatic ecosystems are aquatic plants and phytoplankton.

They are in competition with each other, especially in eutrophicated waters, where the aquatic plants are adversely affected by light competition.

In aquatic ecosystems, aquatic plants play an important role as well as producers.

These aquatic plants have various shapes and sizes, and live alone or mixed, so that they can be combined with natural terrain such as water depths, slopes, and obstacles to create a wide variety of environments.

Microorganisms, micro-animals, fish, etc. are based on aquatic plants, and breeding and feeding are carried out, so the area with aquatic plants has a high productivity and a variety of species.

Low-nutrition lakes are clear in water, contain little phytoplankton and algae, light penetrates deep, underwater plants grow, and a variety of invertebrates and fish.

However, the enrichment of nutrients leads to an increase in primary production and an increase in aquatic plants initially, but over time, the production of aquatic plants decreases.

Nutrition for increased nutrients in aquatic plants promotes growth and grows with plant density.

This intensifies competition with sunlight, weakens individual plant stems, accelerates algae production, precipitates algae carcasses, and increases organic matter in low-grade soils and promotes the growth of algae attached to plant stems.

Increased nitrogen also weakens thick tissue and reduces stem strength.

As a result, the plant stem becomes weaker than its weight, and loses stability due to physical forces such as waves.

As this eutrophication continues, submerged plants are inhibited in growth by competition for light with attached algae and floating algae.

Species that are not adaptable to low brightness and high melt concentrations are difficult to tolerate, and thus the diversity of species decreases and eventually the aquatic plants disappear.

As such, changes in the state of aquatic plants nourish fish communities.

Animals that eat phytoplankton (algae) and fish that feed on zooplankton require aquatic plant communities that can hide and live.

Therefore, when the underwater vegetation disappears, the aquatic ecosystem appears as follows.

The zooplankton is eaten by them because they have no place to hide from the pyramids, cutlass, fish, smelt, carp predators, bass, and brugils that feed on them, thus reducing their density.

In addition, predatory fish such as bluegills, bass, and spears that feed on zooplankton prey, there is no place to wait for food, and the breeding algae makes light permeability worse and breeds crucian carp, sea bream, etc. It becomes difficult to obtain food due to the poor transparency, which makes it difficult to format.

Instead, the carp and smelt that preys on zooplankton predominate and feed on zooplankton, so the predation pressure of phytoplankton is eliminated and it breeds in large quantities to promote eutrophication.

In addition, the disappearance of root plants widens the mud area on the bottom of the lake, and increases the carp crucian bream that feed on benthic creatures.They stir the bottom of the mud, worsening transparency, worsening sunlight transmission, and injuring nutrients that emerge from the algae. By breeding, aquatic plants become a more adverse environment.

In addition, large-scale breeding of algae due to eutrophication leads to an increase in organic matter, and microorganisms and oxygen, which are decomposers, are required to treat these organic matters.

Decomposition of organic matter is carried out by bacteria, which are the primary decomposers, and since they exist in the water in a suspended state, their density is low.

Therefore, in eutrophic water bodies, there is a lot of oxygen near the surface of the water due to photosynthesis of algae during the day, but the decomposition of organic matter is delayed due to the small number of microorganisms, which are decomposers, and oxygen is deficient due to the respiration of algae and microorganisms at night.

Algae die off and settle to the bottom and consume a lot of oxygen as they decompose, making the bottom anaerobic.

This lack of oxygen had the problem of adversely affecting both fish and benthic organisms.

In addition, natural aquatic plants are impossible to grow in winter and decompose at the time of death and become a pollutant that consumes oxygen. Seaweeds such as seaweed and kelp have been killed in the summer when the water temperature rises.

Therefore, in order to ecologically purify the water quality in eutrophic waters, there is a need to protect and nurture the zooplankton that feeds algae from predators and to supply oxygen to promote organic decomposition.

As such, artificial aquatic plants are needed to protect and foster zooplankton from predators, but there is no suitable method at home and abroad. However, artificial seaweed developed by Korea Maritime Research Institute as part of the sea ranching project is flexible and light. Polypropylene synthetic resin is used to make a plastic belt 2 m deep, 13 mm wide and 1.3 mm thick. Fold it in half, attach it sideways in ten units, attach it to a binding clip, and attach many of these to a wire mesh of 1 m × 2 m. It is used as a medium for seaweed growth, hide for fry.

However, since the above-mentioned artificial reefs are made of plastic plates and have no voids, they have a small specific surface area, so there is little microbial habitat space, and plankton does not have a problem of water purification efficiency because the plank body has no problem. When the seaweed is colored, there is a problem that it is difficult to attach and assemble the plastic plate.

Meanwhile, Aguamats (US. Meridian) developed in the United States is mainly used in aquaculture farms, and the plate-shaped light fiber material with non-woven fabric and sponge is made into a sand bag on one side to fill the sand, and the other part is narrow and cut into several pieces. It is installed in water to allow microorganisms or attached algae to attach.

However, the above are voids and the specific surface area is rather large so that microorganisms can be inhabited, but the aquatic plant itself does not have a space for hiding the zooplankton, and because the aquatic plants are lined up, there is less contact space with the water body per second area. There is a problem that the utilization of less water purification efficiency is less and due to the lack of diversity of space composition in the mass installation in order to increase the treatment efficiency due to the lack of utilization and the development of a desirable ecosystem.

The present invention serves to solve the above problems by installing various types of artificial aquatic plants in the contaminated stagnation water, and play a role of natural aquatic plants, restore a healthy aquatic ecosystem and at the same time provide a habitat for many microorganisms and supply oxygen to decompose organic matter The purpose is to make active water purification.

In order to achieve the above object, a rope-like media formed by weaving a thin or thin chemical fiber in a central rope is a passage through which air flows, and it is fixed at every grid intersection point of the lattice bottom base with an air outlet and goes in the water. The purpose is achieved by seating and supplying air from the outside to the pipe, while maintaining a floating state by connecting a buoyancy tube to the top of the rope-shaped media.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of the present invention

Figure 2 is a front view of a state of artificial artificial plants installed in the water system according to the present invention

Figure 3 is an enlarged view taken from the "a" part of Figure 2

4 is a view illustrating an installation state of a plate belt-type media as another exemplary embodiment according to the present invention.

Front view shown

Figure 5 is a side view of Figure 4

Figure 6 is a plan view of Figure 4

Figure 7 is a second embodiment of the present invention in the state of artificial artificial plants installed in the water system

Front view

Figure 8 is a side view of Figure 7

9 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion “I” of FIG. 8; FIG.

* Description of the main parts of the drawings *

1: center rope 2: rope type media

3: 7: 12: 14: Rope 4: Lower Foundation

4a: air discharge pipe 4b: sediment discharge pipe

4c: air inlet pipe 4d: air inlet hose

5: buoyancy 6: invasion

11: Platebelt-type Medea 13:22: Buoyant Rod

21: Mesh Belt Media 23a: Front Cover Bar

23b: rear cover bar 24: bolts

25: fishnet 26:29: housewife

27:28: Iron 30: Bolting hole

The configuration and effect of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Rope-shaped media 2 formed by weaving chemical fibers thin in the central rope 1 in a radial or ciliary form as shown in Figs.

A lower base (4) made of a lattice of predetermined intervals so as to fix the rope-like media (2) at each intersection of the lattice with a rope (3);

In order to keep the rope-shaped media 2 in a floating state, the buoyancy tube 5 is connected to the upper end of the rope-shaped media.

The lower lattice base 4 determines the size of the base and the lattice in consideration of the size, shape, ecological characteristics, water quality characteristics, media characteristics, manufacturability, and maintenance of the water body, and is a non-corrosive steel or synthetic resin. It is made of ash, but it responds to buoyancy due to its own weight. If the weight is insufficient, additionally secure the invasion (6) with a rope (7) at the edge of the quadrilateral or install an anchor separately.

A passage is formed inside the foundation to allow air to communicate, and an air discharge pipe 4a is installed at an upper intersection or side, and a sediment discharge pipe 4b inside the foundation is installed at the lower side.

The air discharge pipe 4a selects an installation position in consideration of the size of the base, the oxygen demand, and the like to protrude upward, and the discharge hole is narrower than the passage to prevent the inflow and clogging of the sediment.

In addition, the base is equipped with an air inlet pipe (4c) and connected to an external blower or compressor with a hose (4d) or the like to receive air.

Air from the blower is sent to a header tube, which is supplied to several media foundations, respectively.

If the air outlet hole is blocked, concentrate the air to one side and drill the blocked hole with high pressure.

On the other hand, the buoyancy cylinder (5) is composed of a rod-shaped buoyancy cylinder that can be bundled together a plurality of rope-like media (2) or a cylindrical buoyancy cylinder that can be bundled individually.

In the present invention configured as described above, the rope-type media (2) is non-corrosive, durable, light, flexible, and has a large specific surface area, and has a large porosity, so that the microorganisms can float while floating in the water along with the flow of water. Zooplankton, micro-animals and fish can inhabit.

In particular, weeds formed of rope-mediated media form a space between the median itself and the median. In the median space itself, microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi and micro-animal animals with low mobility are inhabited by median, and plankton, Micro-animals inhabit their own habitats and spaces between them

In addition, the rope-like media is made black or green to absorb the sun, so that the water temperature rises, the protective color of the fish and prevent the media from being destroyed from ultraviolet rays.

As another first and second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figs. 4 to 10, the plate belt-type media 11 or the mesh-belt-media media are formed on both sides of the lattice-shaped sides of the lower foundation 4 in parallel. It is the structure which installed 21.

The belt-belt-type media (11) is composed of a number of chemical fibers weaving irregularly in the form of a spring to form a plate and gluing between the fibers and fibers to form a scrubber.

The plate belt-shaped media 11 is divided into two lattice-type media 11 and plated with a rope 12 so that the plate-belt-shaped media are wound into two and wound so as not to move. The buoyancy rod 13 is sandwiched between the top of the rope 14 to be fixed so that the belt-shaped media (11) to float in the water.

On the other hand, as shown in Figures 8 to 9, the mesh belt-type media (21) is a multi-ply, but the mesh size is used as the smaller mesh from the outside to the center.

In the present invention, three kinds of meshes of six different mesh sizes are used to form aquatic plants, but large plankton or micro-animals, such as copepods, enter and out, and small planktons, such as crustaceans, are allowed to enter the outside. .

The shape of the mesh is a heat treatment plain weave or transverse knitting in consideration of the size of the mesh, the material used, the characteristics of the plankton, so that the plankton easily enters and prevents deformation of the mesh.

Each mesh is sandwiched between a plurality of buoyancy rods 22 and front and rear cover rods 23a and 23b to be pressed and fixed with bolts 24.

The buoyancy rod 22 is made of a plurality of recesses 26 on the front and a plurality of convex portion 27 on the back so that the mesh 25 is a pressure bite, the cover bar is the front cover (23a) is the convex portion (28), The rear cover 23b forms a recess 29 and each of the bolting holes 30 is bored.

The present invention configured as described above first overlaps each mesh 25 and wraps it in the lattice edge of the lower foundation 4, and then sandwiches a plurality of buoyancy rods 22 between each mesh 25 at the upper, middle and lower ends. After fixing the front and rear cover bar (23a) (23b) by fixing.

The buoyancy rods are required to secure the necessary buoyancy and are necessary for fixing and spacing the media, so the size is determined according to the characteristics of the water body.

The artificial aquatic plants constructed in this way are equipped with oxygen supply facilities according to the purpose of installation and the nature of the water, such as where organic matters need to be removed, where zooplankton needs to be raised, where fish need to grow, or where a healthy ecosystem needs to be controlled. Installation Different types, forms, scales and locations of media may be installed.

Natural aquatic plants grow, reproduce, and die depending on the season, and the growing place grows in sunny areas.

However, the artificial plants of the present invention can be installed where necessary regardless of season and depth, but it is necessary to install them to have the function of natural plants.

Therefore, the target area for planting the artificial aquatic plants is the waterfront, where the water depth is low, the slope is gentle, and the stagnant water is active.

In order to create various environments by connecting with underwater obstacles such as existing plants or reef areas.

It is installed linearly to be a concealment and a moving passage of fish and connects from a low place to a deep place so that fish can escape.

Rope-type media are installed in rivers, rivers, and sediments where there is a flow, suspended matter, and organic matters need to be removed, and mesh-mediated plants are installed where the flow is low and where zooplankton is needed.

Plate-belt-type media are installed where organic matter removal and zooplankton are needed, and in the restoration of healthy ecosystems and artificial ecosystem creation areas, these medial plants are mixed and harmonized with nature.

As described above, the present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments of the above-described characteristics, and various changes can be made by any person having ordinary knowledge in the field of the present invention without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims. .

When the artificial aquatic plants of the present invention configured as described above are installed in the water system, firstly, many microorganisms multiply and they decompose organic matters, and the water quality is purified, and secondly, because the zooplankton can be protected from natural fish, they breed and feed on algae. Eutrophication is suppressed, and third, a highly productive ecological space is created, contaminants are removed by the food chain, and fourth, attached algae are multiplied to feed fish and generate oxygen, and fifth, to feed predators. Sixth, the nutrients are supplied to the bottom with carcasses and excreta to maintain the ecosystem, and seventh, to become a place for laying various fishes and benthic animals. They are protected from predators and prevent erosion by the flow of water.

Claims (4)

A rope-shaped media 2 formed by weaving chemical fibers thin in the central rope 1 in a radial or ciliated shape; The rope-shaped media 2 is formed by connecting pipe pipes to each other through a grid of predetermined intervals so that the rope media 2 can be fixed at each intersection of the grids. And install a sediment discharge pipe (4b) inside the base on the lower side, and an air inlet pipe (4c) and a hose (4d) that can receive air on one side, while at the edge of the quadrilateral 6) a lower base (4) to fix the rope (7) or to separate the anchor to sink in the water; Artificial aquatic plants for the development of biological resources, characterized in that for connecting the buoyancy tube (5) to the top of the rope-shaped media in order to maintain the rope-type media (2) Winding plate-belt-shaped media (11), which is made by weaving several strands of chemical fibers irregularly in spring form on the front and back sides of the grid-shaped lower foundation (4), wound into two and tied with a rope (12) to prevent movement. Buoyancy rod 13 between the upper portion of the belt-shaped media (11) by inserting and fixing with a rope (14) The front and rear sides of the lattice-shaped lower foundation 4, the net size is located from the outside to the center portion of the mesh 25 is smaller and gradually wraps around, and then a plurality of bolting holes 30 in the upper portion, the middle portion, and the lower portion The buoyancy rods 22 formed therebetween are sandwiched between each of the meshes 25 and the front and rear cover rods 23a and 23b are fixed by bolting, but the buoyancy rods 22 are meshed with the mesh 25 being pressed. A plurality of recesses 26 and a plurality of convex parts 27 are formed on the front surface, and the front cover bar 23a forms the convex part 28 and the rear cover bar 23b forms the concave part 26. And artificial vegetation for the growth of biological resources, characterized in that the bolting hole 30 is drilled at the same time Install alone or mixed artificial plants of paragraphs 1, 2, and 3 so that many microorganisms inhabit the media, these microorganisms decompose organic matters, and also allow zooplankton and micro-animals to escape from fish predation and at the same time safely algae Water purification method to improve water quality by preventing eutrophication by breeding by feeding