KR102051763B1 - Power level shifting device of generation facility used renewable energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a technology for charging the battery even when the voltage of the power generation equipment is lower than the storage battery, in particular, a technology for supplementary control of the power of the power generation facilities in conjunction with the supplementary power.
The present invention provides a charging device for maintaining the charging power of the power generation facilities even in a weak energy source, but for the purpose of providing a technology that can be continuously charged without a time gap that is impossible to charge and without impact power. The invention, the power detection control unit for sensing the power supplied from the power generation equipment to the load stage; And a power supplement configured to be supplemented by the power sensing control unit, and supplementing and regulating the power of the power generation equipment provided to the load end to an effective power or more under the control of the power sensing control unit when the power supplied to the load end is less than the effective power. And an automatic level control unit for receiving power from an external power source and supplying power to one electrode of the power generation facility, wherein the power supply unit automatically changes the voltage of the power generation facility to less than the effective power. And a power generation unit and the power supplement unit connected under an asymmetric complementary relationship to form a power supply route to the load stage such that a level controller compensates for the power supplied from the power generation equipment to the load stage in response to the change. Characterized in that.
The present invention for the above purpose is to enable the charging of the battery even at very low electromotive force (voltage) in a weak energy situation, in particular, there is an effect of maximizing the power factor while eliminating the time non-chargeable gap appearing in the boosting action. Furthermore, it is possible to solve the conventional impact power generated in the boosted voltage, thereby preventing overvoltage power loss and enhancing safety.

Description

POWER LEVEL SHIFTING DEVICE OF GENERATION FACILITY USED RENEWABLE ENERGY}

The present invention is a technology such as maintaining the drop to the voltage required for charging when the voltage of the power generation equipment is lower than the storage battery to be charged, in particular, recycling the power of the power generation equipment to be invalidated by interlocking the supplementary power that is linearly variable as active power It is a technique to do.

There are various technologies of power generation facilities that use natural phenomena as renewable energy sources, such as wind power, wave power, tidal power, and solar power, and are called wind power generators, wave power generators, tidal generators, and solar generators (solar cells), respectively. The generated power therefrom is configured to output alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) for directly charging a storage battery connected to a load. In the case of outputting an alternator, the inverter is applied.

Here, the conventional natural forces, for example, wind strength and wave power, changes in wind strength and wave height, changes in tidal flow and tidal flow rate in tides, and sunny and cloudy days in sunlight. , Of course, is always accompanied by changes in the amount of sunshine in the morning, evening, and region, and this difference is the power factor (the time rate at which the effective power actually supplied to the load is obtained during the entire operating period of the power plant, a common term) Despite the interpretation, the power factor in the present invention is defined as such), which appears as a problem of lowering the efficiency of the power plant.

That is, in FIG. 1 depicting the change in the strength of the wind or the wave, when the generation voltage is set (A) so that the power (e) is properly supplied to the load only in a situation where the strength of the wind or the wave is large, the overall period (t) ), The period of operation (power factor) for the power plant to operate effectively will be reduced, and in order to improve this, if the generation voltage is set (B) to supply the proper power (e) to the load even when the wind or the wave is weak. During the period (t), the period (power factor) during which the power plant operates effectively increases, but the loss of suppressing power through the automatic voltage regulator (P point and B line) becomes too large when strong energy (P point) occurs. , Which is defined as excess power hereinafter) causes a problem that can only be large. In addition, changing the setting criterion from point A to point B also means that the power generation voltage is set to be high, and thus there is an inefficient problem such as an increase in the winding (capacity) of the power generation equipment. For example, if the reference point A that can be charged with 24V battery is set to 24V, the battery can be charged only during the time when the voltage is higher than 24V. Therefore, the overall chargeable time rate is about 20%. have. On the other hand, if the chargeable reference point B is set to 24V, the rate of charging time among all the generators reaches 80% or more, but in this case, the voltage at the P point is relatively high, and as shown in the graph, for example, the maximum point exceeds 100V. As such, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that 100V-24V = 76V (76%), which is cut down in the automatic voltage regulator, is lost and safety problems are also raised due to high voltage. Furthermore, when the problem of high voltage is reached, troubles with the power supply of an integrated circuit (IC) or a microprocessor unit (MPU) also appear to be difficult.

The case of a photovoltaic plant (including a solar cell) is depicted as in FIG. In other words, in order to achieve an effective power generation effect on a cloudy day and morning and evening, it is necessary to set the generation voltage to B point rather than A point, that is, to set the generation voltage high all the time. It causes the same problem. In addition, increasing the power generation voltage in a photovoltaic facility increases the number of solar cells, which also entails problems such as installation cost, place (space) burden, construction complexity, and price due to the increase in the number of cells. . In view of this, the modern solar cell is designed to charge only about 4 hours per day in summer and winter on average, and it is not even conceived that the structure is installed in multiple layers or layers due to the shadow.

3 and 4 are drawings illustrating in more detail a structure designed to charge about 4 hours per day. That is, FIG. 3 shows that the voltage of the power generation equipment is higher than the battery voltage so that the battery can be charged at noon in FIG. 2. As a result, the current flows from the power generation equipment to the capacitor system as the principle of natural drop. . It is apparent to those skilled in the art that the larger the drop, the greater the power flowing into the capacitor system. However, in FIG. 2, which corresponds to morning, evening or cloudy weather in FIG. 2, the voltage of the power generation facility is lower than that of the capacitor system, and thus charging is impossible. Sometimes even on a cloudy day, the no-load voltage of the solar cell may exceed the battery, but this is due to the increase in the internal resistance in the solar cell, which is accompanied by an apparent voltage and when the light is weak. The same is true of the fact that it is incapable of supplying it, so it becomes inoperable in terms of charging function, that is, power.

In particular, the solar module is made by connecting several solar cells in series, so when a shadow is dropped on a part of the solar panels arranged in series, due to the characteristics of the series, the shadowed part and other solar cell currents (or voltages) connected in series with each other In addition, the amount of power generated is drastically reduced. If this occurs in all of the arrays instead of one of the arrays connected in parallel, the power supplied to the load stage is insufficient, and thus the function as a practical power generation facility is paralyzed.

Republic of Korea Patent Application No. 10-2010-0040192 (application date: April 29, 2010, the title of the invention: a capacitor power supply charging device based on the capacitor series connection control) is a DC boosting technology designed to solve this problem ( See the conceptual diagram of FIG. 5). In particular, the present invention is based on three types of circuit configurations as shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 8. The instantaneous charging of the power of the power generation facilities to the capacitors C1, C2, ... Cn is performed. The technology then stacks geometrically and supplies charging power to the capacitor system. The stacking techniques geometrically stacked here include switches 3-2-1, 3-2-2, SH1, SH2, SHn, S1, S2, which are encompassed inside 3-2b, 3-2c and 3-2d blocks. ..) and a plurality of capacitors (C1, C2, ... Cn).

That is, by the plurality of switches and the plurality of capacitors, FIG. 6 operates on the same principle as FIG. 9A and FIG. 7 operates on the same principle as FIG. 9B so that the uppermost voltage flows into the capacitor system 2 to charge. do.

However, since this configuration is pumped from the voltage of the generator to drain, there is a problem that the impact power supplied to the battery becomes a problem every time it is switched to the drain and also the capacitors (C1, C2, C3) in the process of charging and discharging the capacitor. During the period (t1 of FIG. 9A) that is required to charge, the problem of efficiency that the capacitor system is charged only during the discharge period t2 may be raised. In the case of the solar cell, the time t1 required for charging may be longer as the internal resistance increases, and as the voltage of the power generation equipment decreases, the number of stages of the stack may increase and become longer (see t1 in FIG. 9B). Due to these problems, it is insufficient to use it in large power generation facilities.

Therefore, there is a need to study a new invention in which boosting power can be linearly changed for a large capacity power generation facility.

As a technique for boosting weak electricity, Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-261506 (filed date; August 30, 2001, title of the invention; solar cell power system), but using a chopper coil and a storage capacitor in parallel to the power generation facility In the point of operation in connection with the power and supplemental power of the power plant in series differs in the content of the technology, the object, configuration, and effect of the present invention to achieve the boost while minimizing the reactive power. Korean Patent Application No. 10-2010-0040192 (filed date; April 29, 2010, the name of the invention; the weak power recycling charging device based on capacitor series connection control) is developed using a plurality of capacitors and switches It is a structure that boosts power by geometrically stacking power of facilities. Such a prior art has a problem that a time gap that cannot be charged occurs during a geometric stacking process, and this phenomenon is remarkable because the higher the internal resistance of the solar cell, the longer the charger between the capacitors. Therefore, in order to eliminate a plurality of capacitors and a plurality of switches, in particular to eliminate the time gap that can not be charged, in the present invention, the auxiliary power source is connected in series with the power of the power generation equipment, and further, the auxiliary power source and the total output level are constant. The object, configuration, and effect of the present invention, which smoothly combines the power of the power generation equipment, are different in principle. Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-0087100 (2002.11.21.) Relates to an ultra-capacitor-based dynamically controlled charge pump power converter, and thus can be contrasted with each other in a pump using a capacitor. In this regard, the above prior art is designed to provide a stable power boost according to demand by changing a switch matrix of a charge pump including a flying ultra-capacitor (CUF) as a dynamic operating frequency for the purpose of a converter for supplying power to a load which is a portable electronic device. It can be seen that the configuration provides the step-down power. In other words, by matching the frequency response characteristics and switching frequency of the ultra-capacitor (CUF) to achieve a stable step-up control of the voltage within a range of twice, this also makes it possible to increase the voltage up to 10 times as well as miniaturization without the switch The objects, configurations and effects of the present invention are different. If the configuration of boosting the voltage to twice the range is applied to the voltage boost of 10 times as in the present invention, even if the battery (5V) of the mobile phone voltage is up to 50V, the IC, which is usually 15V to 32V breakdown voltage, is destroyed. A fatal problem arises, especially when applied to the target 24V of the present invention rises to 240V, the high power and high potential booster conceived in the present invention can never be inferred by this prior art. In the present invention, if the voltage of the power generation equipment is charged with a drop of 2.5V when the voltage of the power generation equipment is 26,5V, as well as the power supply voltage 3V + supplementary voltage 23.5V = As it can be seen that the original voltage is maintained at the chargeable voltage as 26.5V, the technique of floating control as an interface to reach a voltage higher than the control circuit while stepping up without a non-chargeable time gap in a large-capacity power generation facility is known in the art. Can't find it in Although the present invention exemplifies 24V, it is practically conceived to include high voltage and high power applications such as 230V, 350V, 10KW and 100KW. Furthermore, in the sixth embodiment of the present invention, even though the hardware is composed of 10 step-up boosters, the voltage is automatically supplemented so as to be stable within the range of 26.5V by software. There is also a big difference from the prior art in terms of interworking with the signal.

It is a first object of the present invention to provide a charging device for maintaining the charging power of a power generation facility even in a weak energy source, but to provide a new boost charging technology that does not generate impact power, that is, no ripple.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a supplementary power interlocking technology for shifting the power level reference point of the power generation facility to increase the output power as a result of using power as long as power is generated in the power generation facility.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a power supplement technology of a parallel expansion configuration that can be divided or merged according to the structure or capacity of a solar cell module.

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a new renewable energy technology that can automatically control the charging function between the upper layer and the lower layer by installing the solar cell module in a multi-layer.

The power level transition apparatus of the power generation equipment according to the first example (Fig. 13) of the present invention for achieving the above technical problem:

A power detection control unit detecting power supplied from the power generation facility to the load stage; And

Power of the power generation equipment controlled by the power sensing control unit and supplied to the load stage under the control of the power sensing control unit when the power supplied to the load stage (optionally, may include a capacitor connection) is less than the effective power. Includes a power replenishment for supplementary control over the active power,

The power supply unit,

Including an automatic level control unit for receiving power from an external power source and supplying in series to one electrode of the power generation facility,

When the power of the power generation equipment is changed to less than the effective power, the power generation equipment and the power supplement unit are asymmetric complementary relationship so that the automatic level control unit adjusts the power supplied from the power generation equipment to the load stage in response to the change. And connected to the bottom to form a power supply route to the load end.

In addition, the power level transition apparatus of the power generation equipment according to the second example (Fig. 14) of the present invention for achieving the above technical problem:

A power detection control unit for sensing power supplied from the power generation facility to the load stage including the capacitor system; And

If the power supplied to the load stage is less than the active power is controlled by the power sensing control unit, the power replenishment unit for supplementing the power of the power generation equipment supplied to the load stage according to the control of the power sensing control unit to more than the effective power Include,

The power supply unit,

Receiving supplementary power from the capacitor includes an automatic level control unit for supplying in series to one electrode of the power generation facility,

The power generation facility for producing power in an unstable state such that when the power of the power generation facility is changed to less than the effective power, the automatic level control unit supplements and adjusts the power supplied from the power generation facility to the load stage corresponding to the change. And the power supplement unit coupled to the supplemental power in a stable state is connected under an asymmetric complementary relationship to form a power supply route to the load end.

On the other hand, the configuration of the second example as described above may be disclosed by the following expression. In other words,

Power generation equipment for supplying power to the load stage;

At least one capacitor configured to receive and store power from the power generation facility;

A power sensing control unit sensing power supplied from the power generation facility to the load stage; And

If the power supplied to the load stage is less than the active power includes a power supplement for increasing the power of the power generation equipment to be supplied to the load stage so that the power of the load stage is more than the effective power,

The power replenishment unit adjusts the amount of power supplied from the capacitor to the power generation facility according to the sensed power when increasing the power of the power generation facility according to less than the effective power, the amount of power from the power generation facility. The output power is adjusted within the range not exceeding the preset level.

The predetermined level is characterized in that the level greater than the active power.

In addition, the power level transition apparatus of the power generation equipment according to the third example (Fig. 15) of the present invention for achieving the above technical problem:

A power detection controller detecting power supplied from the power generation facility to the first capacitor system; And

And a power supplementing unit controlled by the power sensing control unit and configured to augment power of a power generation facility supplied to the first capacitor system under the control of the power sensing control unit when the power supplied to the first capacitor system is less than the effective power. ,

The power supply unit,

It includes an automatic level control unit for receiving supplementary power from the second capacitor, which is a preliminary power supply and superimposed on one electrode of the power generation equipment in series.

When the power of the power generation equipment is changed to less than the effective power, the automatic level control unit to produce power in an unstable state, so that the power supplied to the first capacitor system from the power generation equipment to compensate for the change And a power supply unit coupled to a power generation facility and supplemental power in a stable state, connected under an asymmetric complementary relationship to form a power supply route to the first capacitor system.

On the other hand, the second example as described above may be disclosed in the following expression. In other words

Power generation equipment for supplying power to the load stage;

At least a first capacitor configured to receive and store power from the power generation facility;

A power sensing control unit sensing power supplied from the power generation facility to the load stage; And

If the power supplied to the load stage is less than the active power includes a power supplement for increasing the power of the power generation equipment to be supplied to the load stage so that the power of the load stage is more than the effective power,

The power supplement unit adjusts the amount of power supplied from the second capacitor, which is a reserve power source, to the power generation facility according to the sensed power when increasing the power of the power generation facility according to less than the effective power, wherein the amount of power is the The output power from the power generation equipment is regulated within the range not exceeding the preset level,

The predetermined level is characterized in that the level greater than the active power.

In addition, the power level transition apparatus of the power generation equipment according to the fourth example (Fig. 16) of the present invention for achieving the above technical problem:

A power detection controller detecting power supplied from the power generation facility to the first capacitor system; And

A power supplement unit controlled by the power sensing control unit and configured to increase power of a power generation facility supplied to the first capacitor system under control of the power sensing control unit when the power supplied to the first capacitor system is less than the chargeable power. Include,

The power supply unit,

It includes an automatic level control unit for receiving supplementary power from the second capacitor which is a preliminary power supply in series supply to one electrode of the power generation facility,

When the power of the power generation equipment is changed to less than the effective power, the automatic level control unit to produce power in an unstable state, so that the power supplied to the first capacitor system from the power generation equipment to compensate for the change The power supplement unit coupled to the power generation facility and the supplementary power in a stable state is connected under an asymmetric complementary relationship to form a power supply route, while a switching unit is placed on the connection of the first capacitor system and the second capacitor power source so that the switching unit is provided. As the first capacitor system and the second capacitor power source is characterized in that it comprises a configuration to be interlocked with the power supplement to each other.

Meanwhile, the fourth example may be disclosed by the following expression. In other words,

Power generation equipment for supplying power to the load stage;

At least a first capacitor configured to receive and store power from the power generation facility;

A power sensing control unit sensing power supplied from the power generation facility to the load stage; And

If the power supplied to the load stage is less than the active power includes a power supplement for increasing the power of the power generation equipment to be supplied to the load stage so that the power of the load stage is more than the effective power,

The power supplement unit adjusts the amount of power supplied from the second capacitor, which is a reserve power source, to the power generation facility according to the sensed power when increasing the power of the power generation facility according to less than the effective power, wherein the amount of power is the The output power from the power generation equipment is regulated within the range not exceeding the preset level,

The predetermined level is a level larger than the active power,

A switching unit may be connected between the first capacitor, the power generation facility, the second capacitor, and the power supplement unit to switch the connection point so that the switching unit switches the roles of the first capacitor and the second capacitor. It is done.

In addition, to achieve the above-described technical problem, as a purchase system for power purchase using a power level transition apparatus of a power generation facility according to a fifth example of the present invention (FIG. 24):

A power detection control unit detecting power supplied from the power generation facility to the load stage; And

If the power supplied to the load stage is less than the active power is controlled by the power sensing control unit, the power replenishment unit for supplementing the power of the power generation equipment supplied to the load stage according to the control of the power sensing control unit to more than the effective power Include,

The power supply unit,

It includes an automatic level control unit for receiving power from the power system of the power company in order to supply in parallel to one electrode of the power generation facility,

And when the power of the power generation equipment is changed to less than the effective power, the automatic level control unit adjusts and supplements the power supplied from the power generation equipment to the load stage in response to the change. The power replenishment unit interlocked with the power generation facility producing the unstable power and the power supply in the stable state is connected under an asymmetric complementary relationship to form a power supply route to the load end, and the output of the load end is the power supply. Characterized in that it comprises a configuration that is interlocked to be provided to the power system of the company.

Also in each of the above embodiments:

The power sensing control unit is configured to be driven below the chargeable voltage (effective power), stopped above the chargeable voltage, and controlled so that the load stage including the capacitor system becomes a chargeable voltage in response to a change in power from the power generation facility. It can be carried out as.

In addition, the power supply unit interlocks a series regulator or a non-illustrated switching regulator and a power sensing control unit, but the pulse control and the pulse shaping circuit, that is, a pulse control regulator, level-up the negative electrode power supply of the power plant while minimizing the insertion loss of the power supply. That is, it can be implemented in a configuration to make a transition).

The switching unit may be implemented in a configuration in which the operation of switching between the role of the first capacitor system and the second capacitor power supply is periodically automated.

In addition, the system configuration using the output potential reference point control device of the power generation equipment according to the sixth example (Fig. 25) of the present invention for achieving the above technical problem:

A power detection control unit detecting power supplied from the power generation facility to the capacitor system; And

A hybrid unit interlocking with the power sensing control unit and replenishing power of the power generation facility provided to the capacitor system under control of the power sensing control unit when the power supplied to the capacitor system is less than or equal to chargeable power;

A control signal generator for generating a drive signal of the hybrid unit;

As a configuration of a hybrid control unit connected to the control signal generator and the hybrid unit to control the range of power replenishment of the hybrid unit.

The hybrid control unit,

A level control unit which is connected to the power sensing control unit and adjusts a control level in response to a power change of the power generation equipment, and a drive level signal converting unit which adapts the drive signal to a control level of the level control unit and hybridizes the drive signal into a drive level signal; It is characterized by including a configuration to be achieved by.

Also in the sixth embodiment as described above:

The hybrid controller may further include a configuration in which an interface unit is interlocked, and the interface unit may be configured to mediate a driving level signal by overcoming a characteristic difference between an output terminal of the driving level signal converter and an input terminal of the hybrid unit.

The power detection control unit includes a configuration for interlocking to control the level control unit by detecting the overall system power output from the hybrid unit, or a configuration for interlocking to control the level control unit by detecting a change in the voltage supplied to the capacitor system. Or interlocking to sense a change in current flowing through the capacitor system to control the level control unit, or to detect a change in voltage at an output of the hybrid unit to cut a peak portion of an excessive driving level signal. It may be implemented to further include a configuration for controlling the level adjuster.

In addition, the level control unit is configured to set the control level in a fine unit by a regulator, or after adjusting the power to the control level by the regulator to classify a part of the power system of the power generation equipment to interlock with the drive level signal conversion unit Or by adjusting the power supplied from an external power source to a control level by the regulator and interlocking with the driving level signal converting part. The level adjusting part may be configured to supply power supplied from an auxiliary battery by a regulator. After adjusting to the control level it can be implemented in a configuration that interlocks with the drive level signal converter.

The control level setting of the level adjusting unit may be achieved by coupling an output voltage control terminal of the DC regulator to an output terminal of the power sensing control unit or by a duty ratio change according to an interruption signal controlled by the power sensing control unit. Can be.

In addition, the level control unit may be configured to further include a configuration for determining the maximum level range of the drive level signal by detecting a voltage change of the power generation equipment.

In addition, the driving level signal converter may include a configuration of generating a driving level signal at which the level is adjusted as an output of the hybrid controller while converting the driving signal into a positive polarity and a reverse polarity.

The hybrid unit may include a diode capacitor array including a plurality of diodes connected in series and a plurality of capacitors classified at respective nodes of the plurality of diodes connected in series, and for connecting a diode input terminal of the diode capacitor array to the power generation system. The diode output terminal of the diode capacitor array may be connected to the capacitor system, and each capacitor input terminal of the diode capacitor array may be configured to match the driving level signal of the hybrid controller.

The hybrid unit may include a diode capacitor array including a plurality of diodes connected in series and a plurality of capacitors classified at respective nodes of the plurality of diodes connected in series, and the interface unit may include a plurality of push-pull circuits.

The diode input terminal of the diode capacitor array is connected to a power generation system, while the diode output terminal of the diode capacitor array is connected to a capacitor system to form a power supplemental path, and each capacitor input terminal of the diode capacitor array is connected to the plurality of push-pull circuits. It may include a configuration in which the power replenishment of the hybrid unit is controlled in a set range in accordance with the drive level signal via the plurality of push-pull circuits in conjunction with the matching.

Here, the push-pull circuit may include a plurality of darington complimentary TRs combined with NPN and PNP.

Furthermore, at least one of the hybrid unit, the interface unit, the control signal generation unit, the hybrid control unit, or the power detection control unit may include a configuration in which an optical sensor unit for controlling the operation by sensing the brightness of the light is interlocked. At least one of the interface unit, the control signal generation unit, the hybrid control unit, and the power detection control unit may include a configuration in which a reservation control unit for controlling an operation at a set time is interlocked. In addition, at least one of the hybrid unit, the interface unit, the control signal generation unit, the hybrid control unit or the power detection control unit may include a configuration in which the remote monitoring control means for transmitting the operating state to the remote.

In addition, the control signal generator, the level controller, and the drive level signal converter may be configured to perform an input / output stage configuration that interoperates with the CPU, a control signal generation program built in the MPU, a level control program, and a drive level signal control program, respectively. .

Furthermore, the above configuration may be implemented to include a plurality of parallel interworking configurations, and the solar panel may be interlocked and installed in multiple layers using the same. In this case, it is preferable that the power supply unit is configured to be interlocked independently for at least one or more layers.

Since the storage battery system of the term of the present invention depicts an example of a configuration connected to the load end of the power generation facility, the term load end may be used as a term of a higher concept. Likewise, the term "chargeable power" in the above-described terms may use the term active power. On the other hand, the excess power produced unnecessarily above the power required by the load terminal between P point and B point in FIG. 2 can be used as reactive power in the present invention.

The present invention for the above purpose is to enable the charging of the battery even at low electromotive force (voltage) in a weak energy situation, in particular, there is an effect of maximizing the power factor while eliminating the time non-chargeable gap appearing in the boosting action. Furthermore, while eliminating the conventional impact power generated in the boost, it is also possible to prevent excess power (reactive power) loss and to utilize at high power.

In addition, the present invention utilizes all of them as active power as long as power is generated in the power generation facility by shifting the power level of the power generation facility by interlocking in series with each other in a cooperative relationship. Since it is supplied to a load stage (such as a battery), there is no structurally effective reactive power loss.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of securing a smaller size and more stable charging power by providing a configuration different from the conventional technology consisting of a chopper or a capacitor and a switch in principle (but the detailed configuration of the automatic level control unit of the present invention) You can use these choppers or switching regulators).

In addition, since the present invention linearly varies the increase range of the power following the power of the power generation facility, the present invention operates at the lower limit of the power which becomes weak power, and also has an effect of obtaining high efficiency by suppressing unnecessary excess power.

In addition, according to the present invention there is an effect of ensuring the quality of the power to stabilize the power to a stable power generation even when providing idle power to the power company.

According to the present invention, even if a shadow is cast on some of the solar cells, the shadowed cell group and the non-draped cell group operate independently by the automatic level control unit of the present invention, thereby replenishing each insufficient amount of power. There is a multi-effect, such as reducing the location, cost of the power equipment, and recycling the invalidated energy because it can be used as long as the power is produced even in multi-layer or multi-layer solar panel.

Specific effects appearing for each remaining component will be described in the corresponding embodiments while describing each embodiment.

1 is a view for explaining that in the power generation facilities that produce power using natural phenomena are typically generated by irregular power.
2 is a diagram specifically illustrating the phenomenon of FIG. 1 as a case of a solar cell, for example.
3 is a view for explaining the reason why the charging current flows to the capacitor system when the generated power of the power generation facility is normal as a geometric voltage difference phenomenon.
4 is a diagram illustrating the reason why the charging current does not flow to the capacitor system when the generated power of the power generation equipment is low as a geometric voltage difference phenomenon.
Figure 5 is a block diagram showing a circuit diagram of the principle of the prior art for charging by boosting the voltage of the power generation equipment in the case of FIG.
6-8 are block diagrams illustrating the prior art enabling pump 5, i.e., pumping with switches and capacitors.
9A and 9B illustrate geometrically the reason why a non-chargeable time gap t1 occurs when the prior art FIGS. 6 and 7 operate.
10 and 11 are diagrams explained on a geometrical principle that the driving principle of the present invention is different from that of the prior arts of FIGS. 9A and 9B and that the charging operation through the pressure is more stable (no time gap).
12 is a view for explaining the principle that the present invention operates by following, for example, a change in power of a solar cell through a more advanced action in the basic principles of FIGS. 10 and 11.
13 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
14, 15 and 16 are block diagrams showing examples of the second, third and fourth embodiments of the present invention.
17, 18, 19, 20 and 21 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the power supply of the present invention.
22 and 23 are block diagrams showing an example of a switch structure used in the embodiment of FIG. 16 of the present invention.
FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing the system configuration of the fifth embodiment using the present invention disclosed in FIG.
Fig. 25 is a block diagram showing an example of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
26A, 26B and 26C are block diagrams illustrating a control signal generator that is a component in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
27A and 27B are block diagrams illustrating a power detection control unit which is a component in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
28A, 28B and 28C are block diagrams illustrating a level adjusting unit which is a component in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
29A, 29B and 29C are block diagrams showing an example in which a level adjusting unit and a power sensing control unit which are components of the sixth embodiment of the present invention are linked;
30A, 30B, 30C, 30D and 30E are block diagrams illustrating coupling states between components in a sixth embodiment of the present invention from different angles.
31A, 31B, 31C, 31D, and 31E are exemplary diagrams for explaining the operation of the sixth embodiment of the present invention in a graph.

Although the specific design may be further added or modified in the implementation stage, the technical spirit of the present invention may be well understood only by the following description of the configuration and operation described with reference to the exemplary preferred configuration. However, the interworking system between circuits or components shown in the following embodiments is not meant to limit the present invention, and various embodiments may exist within the technical scope of the present invention according to the design of the parts.

In particular, the present invention may have various embodiments and various changes in details, and specific embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the written description. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, it should be understood to include all changes, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention. In describing the drawings, similar reference numerals are used for similar elements.

Terms such as first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. That is, the terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from other components. For example, the first component may be referred to as a second component without departing from the scope of the present invention. In addition, the second component may also be referred to as a first component.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, Fig. 10 shows the concept of the present invention. That is, the present invention provides a configuration in which when the power of the power generation equipment does not reach the chargeable power, the supplementary power is additionally added to shift the power level reference point of the power generation equipment to the sum of the chargeable power. In the example of FIG. 10, the potential of the supplementary power reaches Level 1, and this level 1 is interlocked in series to lift the negative power of the power plant, so that the positive power of the power plant is Level 2. It is boosted and the boost causes the capacitor system to charge as usual. In this case, the series connected to the cathode power source may be connected to the cathode power source. This principle may be applied to the entire configuration of the present invention.

Comparing this configuration with FIG. 9A or FIG. 9B, it can be seen that the embodiment of FIG. 10, which is the present invention, basically adopts the principle of no impact power. Therefore, the auxiliary power source boosts the power of the power generation facility, but smooth. It will be seen that the role of the variable to change, that is, to adjust linearly.

11 shows a case where the power of the power generation facility is very low. For example, when the voltage of the power generation equipment reaches 2V, the supplementary power (Level 1) is applied similarly to the voltage of the capacitor system (24V), and according to this level 1, the upper point (level 2) of the voltage of the power generation equipment is level 1 The chargeable voltage is maintained as it is (24V) + 2V = 26V (actually, the preferable charging power is 26.5V, but hereinafter, it is referred to as 26V for convenience).

Furthermore, in FIG. 12, the supplementary voltage is reversed to correspond to the voltage change in the morning, noon, and evening (see FIG. 2) in a real environment in which electricity is produced by solar cells. It shows the action of supplying the capacitor system with stable voltage without getting high. The flatness of the top of the power generation equipment is to prevent the loss due to the excess voltage in Fig. 2, which means that the supplementary voltage is level 1-2 (Fig. 12) from level 1-1 (Level 1-1 in Fig. 12). This is because the smoothness is varied in a linear range in the range from Level 1-2). In the present invention to be described later, the automatic level control unit 13-2 or the hybrid unit 17 and the hybrid control unit 13-5 of the power supplement unit 13 takes charge of the process.

13 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

A power detection control unit 14 for sensing power supplied from the power generation facility 1 to the load stage 4; And

When the power supplied to the load stage 4 is controlled by the power sensing control unit and is less than the effective power, the power of the power generation equipment 1 supplied to the load stage under the control of the power sensing control unit is greater than or equal to the effective power. It includes a power supplement 13 for supplementary adjustment,

The power supply unit,

Receiving supplemental power from an external power supply includes an automatic level control unit 13-2 for supplying in series to one electrode of the power generation facility,

When the power of the power generation equipment is changed to less than the effective power, the unstable so that the automatic level control unit (13-2) to adjust (transition) by increasing the power supplied from the power generation equipment to the load stage corresponding to the change. And a power supply unit interlocked with the power generation facility for producing power in the state and the supplementary power supply in the stable state, connected under an asymmetric complementary relationship to form a power supply route to the load stage 4.

In addition, the diode 11-1 placed between the power generation facility 1 and the load stage 4 functions to prevent reverse current.

In the above configuration, the capacitor 2 system is an additional component that can be utilized as a function of storing idle power when no power is used at the load stage 4.

For simplicity, it is assumed that the load stage 4 is a charging system of the capacitor 2 and the interlocking action with the power generation facility 1 will be described below.

First, a configuration in which the power generation facility 1 and the capacitor 2 system are connected to each other forms a charging path when normal power is normally produced in the power generation facility 1. That is, the positive path is connected to the positive terminal of the battery 2 through the switching diode 11-1, and the negative path is connected to the negative electrode of the power generation equipment and the capacitor The configuration connected to (-) in (2) forms a charging path using natural drop. For example, the battery is charged when the battery is 24V and the power of the power generating equipment is 26V or more.

Next, the power detection control unit 14 for detecting the level of the voltage supplied from the power generation facility 1 to the capacitor 2 system serves to determine whether the voltage from the power generation facility reaches the charging power. For example, if it is 24V equal to the capacitor voltage, it will not be regarded as charging, and if it is 26V or higher, it can be determined that charging is normal.

This sensing function can achieve its intended purpose even if it is configured as a current shunt sensor, not shown, which senses the current flowing into the capacitor system as well as the voltage, and this power sensing control unit 14 is interlocked. The action is to control the power supply unit 13 to change the power level reference point to be produced from the power generation facility when the voltage supplied to the capacitor (2) system is less than the chargeable voltage. (In the present invention, the term power refers to voltage, current, or both. That is, Ohm's law defined as 'P = I * E' means power P is left term, current I And the voltage E are placed at the right side to clarify that they are interlocked, so the present invention applies the same to detect current or voltage to determine whether the power is valid or not, and to control the voltage using the result of the determination. Whether it is regulating or regulating the current, it will eventually act to regulate the power of the power plant.

The power detection control unit 14 is from an external power source (2-0, in the first embodiment, the external power source is configured to rectify and procure power provided by commercial power or other renewable energy generation facilities of KEPCO). The power supply unit 13 controls the power supplementing unit 13 to receive supplementary power for charging. When the detection result is less than the chargeable power, the power replenishment unit 13 operates, and as a result, the power supply unit 1 is pulled from the external power source 2-0 as a supplementary power route 13-1 by the amount of power insufficient for charging. By superimposing in series, the above 24V is raised to 26V. At this time, the role of the power supplement unit 13 is responsible for the route (13-1) for supplying supplementary power and the role of cooperative interlocking to automatically adjust within the range that the supplementary power does not exceed the preset level is an automatic level control unit. (13-2) is in charge. Accordingly, the state in which the charging function is restored will be easy to understand when recalled in FIG. 10.

In the present invention, "when the power of the power plant is changed to less than the effective power of the load stage, the automatic level control unit to adjust the power supplied to the load stage from the power plant in response to the change ..." As mentioned above, it is not limited to lowering the voltage of the power plant from 26V to 24V, and it is automatic even in the whole situation where the voltage (or current) of the power plant is severely changed depending on the sun altitude or the degree of cloudy days. Indicates that the level adjusting unit 13-2 can compensate for the insufficient voltage automatically. For example, when the voltage of the power generation equipment is 24V as well as when the voltage is lowered to 5V, it means that the insufficient 21V can be compensated. Similarly, if the power plant's voltage is 20V, it will automatically compensate for the shortfall of 6V.

This insufficient supplementary voltage is not limited to 26V, but can be freely set by controlling the setting of the voltage comparator 14-1 in the power sensing controller 14 in accordance with the required voltage level of the capacitor. The function of automatically detecting a level at may be achieved by, for example, a sensing circuit comprising a zener diode 14-2 and a voltage comparator 14-1.

That is, when the voltage of the power generation equipment is lower than the set value, the comparator 14-1 of the power detection control unit 14 controls the automatic level control unit 13-2 based on the zener diode 14-2, thereby providing more power. Is supplied from an external power source to supply supplementary power to the cathode of the power plant 1. As a result, the reference point of the power level, which is the cathode of the power plant, is lifted toward the anode side, corresponding to the anode of the power plant 1. The voltage at level 2 rises to 26 V, which is a chargeable voltage. This aspect may be understood as FIGS. 11 and 12. This is expressed in the present invention as changing the power level. When the power level reference point, which is the cathode of the power generation equipment, is adjusted to shift to the upper side, the lower part of the power supply is supplemented from an external power supply. Since the supplementary power supply is not a simple voltage but a current flowing in series with the power generation equipment, The term that implies action is power. However, for the sake of convenience, in the description below, the parameter is referred to as a voltage.

In other words, for example, in the case of a solar cell power generation facility, the power detection control unit 14 controls the power supplement unit 13 to follow the voltage change according to the amount of sunshine in a day as shown in FIG. 2) to stabilize the specific, specifically, in accordance with the voltage change (change of level 1-1 to level 1-2) of the power generation equipment in Figure 12 of the automatic level control unit 13-2 By varying the output linearly, there is an uninterrupted supply of charging power. In FIG. 12, if there is no supply of the level 1 to level 2 supplemented by the automatic level control unit, even if the power generation equipment is produced in the power generation facility, this is only a low level voltage and thus cannot be used as charging power.

In FIG. 13, reference numeral 4 denotes a load path, and may be, for example, an inverter for converting a power source from a power generation facility or a power source stored in the storage battery 2 into a commercial power source (alternating current).

The switching diode 13-1 is for preventing reverse current from flowing into the automatic level control unit 13-2, but the diode 13-1 and the diode 11-1 are excluded in some cases and directly May be connected. That is, the automatic level control unit 13-2 itself may integrally serve as the power supplement unit 13.

Meanwhile, the capacitor system itself may be a load stage, and the chargeable power means active power.

The external power source 2-0 is not only a commercial power source such as KEPCO, that is, an AC system power source that is stepped up and rectified in connection with AC, but also the aforementioned wave power, tidal power, wind power, solar light, etc. It may be a DC system power source supplied from another type of renewable energy generation facility.

14 is a block diagram showing an example of a second embodiment of the present invention;

A power detection control unit 14 for sensing power supplied from the power generation facility 1 to the load stage 4; And

When the power supplied to the capacitor 2 system or the load stage 4 is less than the effective power, the power of the power generation equipment supplied to the load stage is controlled by the power sensing control unit. Including a power supply unit,

The power supply unit,

Receiving the supplementary power from the capacitor (2) includes an automatic level control unit (13-2) for supplying in series to one electrode of the power generation facility,

When the power of the power generation equipment is changed to less than the effective power, the automatic level control unit 13-2 adjusts the power supplied from the power generation equipment to the load stage in response to the change, thereby adjusting the power in an unstable state. It characterized in that it comprises a configuration to form a power supply route to the load stage is coupled to the power supply unit interlocked with the asymmetric complementary relationship to the power generation facility and supplemental power to produce.

On the other hand, the expression above

A power generation facility 1 for supplying power to the load stage;

At least one capacitor (2) for receiving and storing power from the power generation facility;

A power detection control unit 14 for sensing power supplied from the power generation facility to the load stage; And

When the power supplied to the load stage is less than the active power includes a power supplement unit 13 for increasing the power of the power generation equipment to be supplied to the load stage so that the power of the load stage is more than the effective power,

The power replenishment unit adjusts the amount of power supplied from the capacitor to the power generation facility according to the sensed power when increasing the power of the power generation facility according to less than the effective power, the amount of power from the power generation facility. The output power is adjusted within the range not exceeding the preset level.

The predetermined level may be expressed as a configuration characterized in that the level larger than the active power, that is, more than the active power. Here, the load stage is a concept including a load 4 such as a capacitor 2 system and an inverter using electric power from the power generation facility 1.

Hereinafter, the same words as those of FIG. 13 will be referred to the description of FIG. 13, and only parts different from those of FIG. 13 will be described below.

That is, in the second embodiment, the supplementary power can be supplied from the charging target capacitor 2 as shown in FIG. 14, rather than from the commercial power provided from the outside, for example, KEPCO, as in the first embodiment. Say.

However, for convenience, the load stage 4 and the capacitor 2 are assumed to be capacitors having the same voltage range as described above (that is, the capacitor 2 of FIG. 13), and the operation principle thereof will be described below. .

If no electric power is produced from the power generation equipment 1, in the configuration in which the capacitor 2 is connected to the power generation equipment, as can be seen from the principle of the chargeable voltage described above, the negative electrode (level 1) of the power generation equipment has A voltage at the same level as the anode voltage (eg 24V) will be applied and the same voltage will appear at the anode (level 2) of the power plant (the flywheel between cells in the plant not shown because no power is produced in the plant). The output voltage from the power supply 13 is shown as it is through the diode, i.e., bypass diode). However, since the natural drop does not hold with this voltage, for example, it is obvious that the 24V capacitor 2 of FIG. 13 will not be charged. In this case, the power retained by the capacitor 2 is in spite of whether the power supply unit 13 is operated. It is preserved intact and without any role.

In this state, if a voltage of 2V is generated in the power generation equipment 1, the voltage is acted as 24V + 2V = 26V to charge the capacitor 2 of FIG. That is, the current flows to the load stage 4 due to the drop of 2V. After that, it will be understood that the principle leads to the operation of FIGS. 11 to 12 as described with reference to FIG. 13. That is, the configuration of FIG. 14 utilizes the power retained by the capacitor 2 as a pick-up for driving the power generation facility 1, thereby effectively recycling all the power produced by the power generation facility.

This will be described in more detail.

In the circuit of FIG. 14, for example, when 20 V is generated in a power generation facility, 24 V of the capacitor 2 is directly supplied to the negative pole (−) of the power generation facility, and thus feedback such as a voltage of 44 V is applied to the capacitor 2, which is the load end. Although the voltage seems to be congested by the action, in the present invention, since the power supplement unit 13 intervenes in the middle so as not to cause such a voltage spike, only 6V, which automatically reduces 18V, is supplied to the negative pole of the power generation equipment. The output of the plant is always stable at 26V, '20V + 6V'. This is achieved by automatically adjusting the power level of the power replenishing unit 13, that is, the power detection control unit 14 does not exceed the predetermined range based on the level using the zener diode 14-2. It is the action of the present invention. In this case, it is preferable to configure the power supplement unit to consume only the input power by output current by adjusting the current as a time function, that is, to minimize its own power consumption through PWM (pulse control regulator).

Meanwhile, the capacitor 2 may be separated from the load stage 4 to secure a charging path through a transformer and a rectifier connected to a commercial power source (not shown) or connected to the load stage 4.

The above operation will be described in more detail with reference to specific numerical values for better understanding of the interlocking of the capacitor 2 in FIG. 14.

The power plant 1 is a solar cell having a voltage at both ends of 20 V and receiving solar energy such that a current of 1 A is produced in the power plant, at this time, the power output of the solar cell generator is '20 V * 1 A = 20 W. Becomes'

However, since the charging energy is not supplied to the 24V capacitor 2 at 20V, the power sensing unit 13 connected in series to the current path of the power generation facility generates a 6V output at the output terminal in order to create a chargeable 26V. Will be That is, the power supply unit 13 outputs the load of 6V. At this time, the current of the load is also directly connected in series without the intervention of a transformer, etc., so the output current of the power supply unit 13 is from the power generation facility. 1A equal to the current. Accordingly, the charge input power is '6V * 1A = 6W'.

In short, the voltage supplied to the 24V capacitor (2) becomes '20V + 6V = 26V' and the power becomes '20W + 6W = 26W' according to the DC series coupling action of the 'matching material + power generation equipment'. The power (20W) of the power generation facility, which was not useless, is amplified to 26W as the load (6W) is input and discharged into the capacitor (2) system.

On the other hand, looking at the natural law interlocking relationship between the input unit and the output unit of the power replenishing unit 13 in this state, it is proved that it conforms to the natural law principle as described below.

First, the input portion of the power replenishment portion 13 is the same voltage as the capacitor 2 in the state of charge, but the output voltage of the power replenishment portion 13 is 6V in which 20V is dropped as described above. That is, when the negative electrode (-) of the power generation equipment (1) requiring 6V and the terminal of the capacitor (2) in the charged state of 26V are connected, the power supply unit 13 serves as a buffer to reduce 20V, so that a short circuit does not occur with each other. It can be seen that the connection is not stable.

Next, since the output power of the power replenishing unit 13 is 6W, it is easy to calculate the input current flowing into the power replenishing unit 13 when the efficiency is 100%, and it can be seen that '6W / 26V = 0.23A'. (The actual efficiency of the power supply using the PWM is around 90%, but we assumed 100% efficiency for ease of calculation).

That is, from the perspective of the capacitor 2, the power consumption unit 13 consumed 24W 0.23A, which is 6W, which makes the pick-up. However, the result returned from the capacitor 2 is equivalent to 20W + 6W = 26W. It can be seen that the charging current is obtained from the power generation equipment (1). This is a remarkable effect of activating the power of the 20W power generation equipment, which is eventually invalidated if there is no load, by regenerating the power of the power generation equipment to 6W and regenerating the full power of 26W. Will be.

Also, by confirming this action, even if the power supply unit 13 is supplied with power from the capacitor 2 system as shown in FIG. You can see that you get much more power gain, and the power gain augmented comes from the solar energy supplied to the power plant. The combination of the + solar cell electromotive force proves that it generates the power but still maintains the principle of natural law with no voltage congestion or short circuit.

If the solar cell is configured to produce power as a solar cell, an optical sensor such as a CDS is coupled to the input terminal of the power sensing control unit 14 to stop the power supply at night and operate during the day. The effects of the present invention through the supplementary power in all can be utilized is remarkable. That is, both ends (+,-) of the power generation facility may additionally include an idling control that minimizes power consumption required for idling by operating the power supplement unit 13 only when power is generated in the power generation facility.

In FIG. 14, since the maximum voltage supplied through the power supply unit 13 is the same as the voltage of the capacitor 2 system, for example, 24V, in the case of the load stage 4 of the 24V capacitor, at least 2V in the power generation equipment 1. The output voltage is required to charge (26V). Since all other configurations are the same in FIGS. 14 and 13, the rest of the description will be omitted since the description of FIG. 13 is used.

15 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

A power detection control unit 14 for detecting power supplied from the power generation facility 1 to the load terminal connected to the first capacitor 2-1 system; And

When the power supplied to the load terminal connected to the first capacitor 2-1 system is less than the effective power controlled by the power sensing controller, the first capacitor 2-1 is controlled by the power sensing controller. It includes a power supplement to augment the power of the power generation equipment to be supplied to the load stage connected to the system,

The power supply unit,

It includes an automatic level control unit 13 for receiving supplementary power from the second capacitor (2-2) that is a preliminary power supply and superimposed on one electrode of the power generation equipment in series.

When the power of the power plant 1 is changed to less than the effective power, the automatic level control unit to produce power in an unstable state, so that the power supplied from the power plant to the load stage to compensate for the change And a power supply unit coupled to the power generation facility and the supplemental power supply in a stable state to form an electric power supply route to the load end by being coupled in an asymmetric complementary relationship.

On the other hand, the above configuration can be expressed as disclosed as follows. In other words,

Power generation equipment for supplying power to the load stage;

At least a first capacitor configured to receive and store power from the power generation facility;

A power sensing control unit sensing power supplied from the power generation facility to the load stage; And

If the power supplied to the load stage is less than the active power includes a power supplement for increasing the power of the power generation equipment to be supplied to the load stage so that the power of the load stage is more than the effective power,

The power supplement unit adjusts the amount of power supplied from the second capacitor, which is a reserve power source, to the power generation facility according to the sensed power when increasing the power of the power generation facility according to less than the effective power, wherein the amount of power is the The output power from the power generation equipment is regulated within the range not exceeding the preset level,

The predetermined level is characterized in that the level greater than the active power.

Here, the second capacitor 2-2, which is the preliminary power source, may include a component connected to the load terminal 4 and the transformer and the rectifier by AC to be supplied with charging power. The first capacitor (2-1) system includes the purpose of storing the idle power or to use the stored power in power generation as an inverter or the like as the capacitor (2) in FIG.

FIG. 15 is substantially the same as the action through the capacitor 2 in FIG. 13 and the capacitor 2 in FIG. 14, so the specific action is the portion described in FIG. 13 (excluding the power supply from the external power source) and FIG. 14. The description will be omitted, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.

16 is a block diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

A power detection control unit 14 for sensing power supplied from the power generation facility 1 to the load terminal connected to the first capacitor 2 system; And

When the power supplied to the load terminal connected to the first capacitor (2) system is less than the effective power controlled by the power detection control unit, and connected to the first capacitor system (2) under the control of the power detection control unit It includes a power supplement unit 13 for augmenting the power of the power generation equipment to be supplied to the load end,

The power supply unit,

It includes an automatic level control unit for receiving supplementary power from the second capacitor (2-1), which is a preliminary power supply, and superimposed on one electrode of the power generation facility in series.

And when the power of the power generation equipment is changed to less than the effective power, the automatic level control unit adjusts and supplements the power supplied from the power generation equipment to the load stage in response to the change. The power replenishment unit which is interlocked with the power generating facility which produces the unstable power and the supplementary power supply in the stable state is connected under an asymmetric complementary relationship to form a power supply route to the load end, while the first capacitor system and the first A switching unit 2-4 is provided at the connection of the two capacitor power source, and the first capacitor 2 system and the second capacitor 2-1 power supply alternately serve as the switching unit 2-4. It characterized in that it comprises a configuration that is interlocked with the power supplement 13 and the load end (4).

On the other hand, the configuration may be disclosed in the following expression. In other words,

Power generation equipment for supplying power to the load stage;

At least a first capacitor configured to receive and store power from the power generation facility;

A power sensing control unit sensing power supplied from the power generation facility to the load stage; And

If the power supplied to the load stage is less than the active power includes a power supplement for increasing the power of the power generation equipment to be supplied to the load stage so that the power of the load stage is more than the effective power,

The power supplement unit adjusts the amount of power supplied from the second capacitor, which is a reserve power source, to the power generation facility according to the sensed power when increasing the power of the power generation facility according to less than the effective power, wherein the amount of power is the The output power from the power generation equipment is regulated within the range not exceeding the preset level,

The predetermined level is a level larger than the active power,

A switching unit may be connected between the first capacitor, the power generation facility, the second capacitor, and the power supplement unit to switch the connection point so that the switching unit switches the roles of the first capacitor and the second capacitor. It is done.

Here, the switching unit (2-4) is to switch the role of the power source of the first capacitor (2) and the second capacitor (2-1) to each other to maintain a constant voltage of each capacitor, this switching is passive As well as enabling it, it may include a configuration that is automatically switched periodically. In this regard, a configuration for suppressing the chattering noise that may be generated in the mutual switching may be additionally applied.

As an example, the center contact of the switching unit 2-4 may be configured to switch periodically between the contact a and the contact b at a set interval.

FIG. 16 differs from FIG. 15 in that the first capacitor 2-1 and the second capacitor 2-2 share a fixed role in FIG. 15, whereas the first capacitor 2 is in FIG. 16. And the second capacitor 2-1 alternately switch missions. This shift of duty allows the two capacitors to be maintained at an even voltage.

In the present invention, two contacts of the switch 2-4 are shown in a double interlocking manner, and when the switch contact is connected with b, the first capacitor 2 is connected to the output terminal of the load 4 and the power generation equipment 1. When the two capacitors 2-1 are connected together at the output terminal of the load 4 and the power generation equipment 1 when the contacts are connected to each other and a contact is connected to a, the two capacitors are periodically alternately connected to each other. The balance between the capacitors can be maintained. That is, when the first capacitor is connected to the power generation facility, the second capacitor is disconnected from the power generation facility and connected to the power supplement unit 13. The second capacitor plays a role by switching the switch contact of the switching unit 2-4. By changing the, you can alternately connect missions without overlapping interference. The switch can be switched automatically.

The description of the other components will use the parts described in FIG. 13 and duplicated descriptions will be omitted.

In the second to fourth examples, when the outer cover is configured as a solar panel in a battery charge pack such as a mobile phone, or when the movement of the case is configured to be recycled into electrical energy, the battery in the battery charge pack may be a capacitor as the backup power source, or Since it can also serve as a second capacitor, even without the addition of a spare power supply, even a weak energy, even in the lamp power of the room can be obtained a complete energy production effect that can be charged. That is, the present invention can be utilized in a portable device.

17, 18, and 19 are block diagrams showing the configuration of the power supplement unit 13.

17 is a circuit corresponding to a case in which power is supplied from the outside but it is, for example, an AC commercial power source. That is, the power replenishment part 13 is comprised including the rectifier which converts alternating current into direct current.

18 and 19 can omit such a rectifier because the external power is supplied by direct current.

17 to 19 are all configured to supplement the power regulator by interlocking the series regulator through the Darlington transistor coupled to the power sensing control unit, but can also be configured using IGBT, GTR or FET. In this case, the series regulator has an advantage in that supplemental power is added or subtracted in response to the difference in power according to the level 1 in FIG. 10 and the level 1 in FIG. 11 when the switching regulator is used. The switching regulator in the present invention includes a pulse width (PWM) control scheme as a chopper type parallel drive.

17 and 18 show that the current limiting circuit is included in the power supply unit 13-2. This is a function of limiting the overcurrent by detecting the flow of current if the power sensing controller 14, for example, when too high power is supplied to the capacitor 2 system, the overcurrent limiting circuit is a series shunt resistor By using the voltage drop obtained in the feedback control method can be used.

17 to 19 as described above, the power sensing control unit 14 senses the voltage of the power generation equipment to drive the power replenishment to reach the chargeable voltage, that is to reach the active power, and excessively over the chargeable voltage generation facilities Stops driving when the power of power (1, in this case, the power of the power generation equipment includes the potential of Level 2 corresponding to the sum of the supplementary power) is increased, and the change of the level 2 It follows, and performs a function which stabilizes the voltage of level 2 uniformly as feedback control.

20 and 21 illustrate a configuration in which the power supplement unit 13 acts as a pulse control, that is, a switching regulator to reduce the insertion loss of the power supplement unit 13. That is, FIG. 20 is an example of the transistor Darlington coupling circuit and FIG. 21 is an example of the powerFET device coupling circuit, and configured to achieve the supplementary power described above by controlling to supply the pulsed power, but the power of the power generation equipment 1 is low. When the pulse width increases when the power of the power plant 1 is high, the pulse width control (PWM) that decreases the pulse width eventually stabilizes the voltage at the level 2 point in the chargeable range. 20 and 21, the smoothing capacitor 13-2-1 and the coil 13-2-2 include a pulse shaping circuit LPF for smoothing the shock current according to the pulse control and converting it into direct current; Low-pass filter) and a compensation circuit that minimizes power loss (ie, loss due to excess voltage) that occurs between the input and output terminals of the power supply unit 13 in procuring supplemental power from the capacitor system through this comprehensive configuration. Configure In the present invention, the LPF element 13-2-2 may be formed of a coil or a resistor. In the present invention, the automatic level control unit combines a pulse control unit and a pulse shaping circuit, that is, a pulse control regulator to level-up (power level transition) the potential of the power generation facility while minimizing the insertion loss of the automatic level control unit. It is defined as.

In particular, the pulse width control (PWM) and the control of the pulse period (T) here, by minimizing the insertion loss of the power supply section, and eventually flattens the supplemental power applied to both ends of the smoothing capacitor (13-2-2) in terms of voltage. The power level reference point of the power generation equipment 1 is leveled up in terms of DC voltage to raise the output stage of the power generation equipment 1 to level 2, thereby adjusting the power to be capable of charging the capacitor 2. As such, in the configuration in which the output power is formed by the comprehensive coupling action of the automatic level control unit 13-2 and the power generation equipment in series, hunting may occur due to a difference in control response due to a variation function of voltage and current. In order to prevent this, it is preferable that the power detection control unit 14 includes a phase control means for preventing hunting. Although the phase control means related to this is illustrated in the drawing, a loop is formed between the level 2 point and the input terminal of the power sensing control unit 14 by a combination of a resistor and a capacitor or a combination of a coil and a capacitor.

22 and 23 are block diagrams illustrating the configuration of the switching unit 2-4 that is the component in FIG. 16. FIG. 20 depicts a two-way switch and FIG. 21 depicts a mechanical relay. In addition, these switches have been disclosed as phototransistors or photo relays in the prior art filed by the same inventor as the present invention, and thus detailed descriptions and schematics will be omitted.

As a comprehensive configuration of the power replenishment unit 13 obtained by the power detection control unit 14 driving the automatic level control unit 13-2 as described above, the present invention is driven below the chargeable power of the power generation equipment, that is, the active power. It is defined as control to stop at chargeable power, i.e., above the active power, and to supplement the active power with the capacitor system in accordance with the change in power from the power generation facility. Although the power sensing controller 14 is shown as being configured as a voltage comparator 14-1 and a zener diode 14-2, these components include a voltage sensing unit and a means for sensing a current.

24 is a block diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention in which the present invention is applied.

A power detection control unit 14 for sensing electric power supplied from the power generation facility 1 to the load stage 4 such as the capacitor 2 system and the inverter 4-1; And

When the power supplied to the load stage 4 is controlled by the power sensing control unit and is less than the effective power, the power of the power generation equipment supplied to the load stage under the control of the power sensing control unit is supplemented with an effective power or more. Including a power supply unit,

The power supply unit,

It includes an automatic level control unit (13-2) for receiving supplementary power from the power system (5) of the power company in order to supply a superimposed on one electrode of the power generation equipment in series,

When the voltage of the power generation equipment is changed to less than the effective power, the automatic level control unit (14-1) to adjust and supplement the power supplied from the power generation equipment to the load stage corresponding to the change. The power supplement unit, which is interlocked with the power generation facility for producing unstable power and the supplementary power supply in a stable state, is connected under an asymmetric complementary relationship to form a power supply route to the load end, and the output of the load end is Characterized in that the purchase and sales of power using the output potential transition device of the power generation equipment, configured to be interlocked to be provided to the power system of the power company.

24 as described above corresponds to a configuration in which the power system 5 of the power company is interlocked in a loop between the external power source 2-0 and the load 4 in FIG. 13 described above. Only the description will be made here, and the operation principle of the remaining part will be omitted by using the above-described FIG. 13 and the like.

In FIG. 24, a power company 5 of a power company is considered to have a function of allowing a power company such as Korea Electric Power Co., Ltd. to sell and use power to a consumer, and also to receive a supply when some of the consumers produce power. If you do.

Therefore, at about noon of the day, which produces electric power according to the present invention, the capacitor 2 system is charged with electric power generated from the power generation facility 1, and during this period, the inverter 4-1 is driven to operate the electric power company's power system. (5) Sales of electricity, that is, sales on the consumer side. This principle will be understood as illustrating the filling operation using the geometric natural drop in FIG. 3. In other words, the capacitor system is charged by the charging operation using the natural drop, and the inverter 4-1 is operated by the electric power (or remaining idle power) charged in the capacitor system and the AC system is controlled by controlling the phase of AC. By supplying idle power, it is possible to return power to the utility company.

On the other hand, in the morning and evening in Fig. 24, the voltage of the power generation equipment 2 is lowered (because it will be a level below A point in Fig. 2), so the difference level between the voltage of the power generation equipment 1 and the capacitor system 2 As shown in Figure 4 is not a situation that can be charged. However, at this time, if some power is supplemented from the power system 5 of the power company and provided by adjusting the supplementary power, that is, insufficient voltage as shown in FIGS. 10 to 11, it is also possible to charge the capacitor 2 system again. As a result, the inverter 4-1 is operated, thereby enabling the sales of sending power to the power company 5 again.

In other words, the purchase of the electric power supplemented from the electric power company 5 serves as a pick-up for utilizing the electric power from the power generation facility 1 cleanly, and the advantage thereof is from the electric power company 5 of the electric power company 5 in FIG. Supplementary power up to Level 1 by reactivating the power of the power plant 1 previously deactivated (from the starting point of Level 1 to Level 2; that is, low power as shown in FIG. 4) by using the purchased power (Level 1). And total power from the power generation facilities up to Level 2 are used on their own or supplied to the power company (5). That is, level 1 is purchased power, and level 1 to level 2 power is converted into sales power, and the difference between sales and purchase becomes efficiency from power generation facilities.

On the other hand, since no power is produced in the power generation facility at night, the power supplied to the load 4 will depend only on the power purchased from the power company's power system 5.

The route supplied from the power company and the route supplied to the power company through the inverter may be configured as separate paths to be used as the parcels. In other words, supplemental power used as a pick-up is supplied from a general commercial power source, and the power generated from the power generation facility using the same may constitute a separate line provided to a power company through a separate system power route.

Here, one of the characteristics of the present invention is that the prior art has a problem that the inverter 4-1 is intermittently operated due to the period of time t1, which is impossible to charge as shown in FIG. 9A or 9B. According to FIG. 10, FIG. 11 or FIG. 12, the stable inverter 4-1 output without time interruption (that is, the t1 period) is generated to supply power to the load 4 as well as to supply the power system 5 with high quality. As a stable power of the idle power can be sold.

The present invention as described above is not limited to the above-described configuration, the scope of the present invention includes a configuration that can change the design, etc. in the scope of the right. For example, the switching diodes 11-1, 11-2, 13-1, and the like described above may be alternatively configured as semiconductor switches, and may be different from each other in the case of supplying the external power source 2-0 in FIG. By configuring the tap so that the voltage can be supplied, there may be various applications or additional configurations, such as the efficient setting of the supplemental power supply and the loss due to the excess voltage.

In the present invention, the configuration of connecting the power level to the negative electrode (-) of the power generation equipment (power supply, automatic level control unit) in series includes a configuration in which the connection to the positive electrode (+) of the power generation equipment, and further It may be connected to the cathode (-) and the anode (+) at the same time. Therefore, the present invention includes a configuration in which the power generation output is stably generated by compensating irregular power generation of renewable energy (solar, wind, wave, tidal, etc.) power generation facilities by being inserted in series at either connection point of the cathode or the anode. It is.

When a diode is directly coupled between the positive electrode (+) and the negative electrode (−) of the power generation equipment, the power of the power supplement unit 13 may be directly supplied to the load through the diode in a period when power of the power generation equipment is not produced. (This will be understood from the above description, and thus redundant descriptions are omitted.)

In other words, while renewable energy is being supplied, the power generation equipment can generate power by itself using the renewable energy, and in the absence of renewable energy, the output is generated to the load by the electric power supplied from the automatic level control unit. The automatic level control unit continuously adjusts within the range of the maximum (100%) and minimum (0%) power generation facilities to enable the power generation facilities to produce power without interruption, while automatically sharing the role between the power generation facilities and external power supply. It is a key function of the present invention to produce power.

In more detail, if all power (100%) produced in the power generation equipment can be supplied to the load stage (eg, capacitor system), the compensation power (supplementary power) from the automatic level control unit becomes unnecessary ( In other words, if the power consumption of the supplementary power is 0%), and if the power produced by the power generation equipment is 0%, the compensation power supplied from the automatic level control unit is 100%. It is a concept of the present invention to supply power to the load stage.

In terms of the automatic level control unit, it is desirable to supply compensation power in the range of 0% to 90%, where 0% means that 100% power is produced in the power generation facility itself without compensation power. This means that 10% of the power is produced in the power plant and the remaining 90% is compensated by the automatic level control unit. For this ratio control, for example, in the case of a solar cell power generation facility, the operation control can be set by photo TR or CDS. As described above, it is preferable to adjust the voltage between 0% and 90% to an uninterrupted continuous voltage as an analog DC voltage (current and power). However, the present invention is expressed in terms of power in the sense that voltage or current is dealing in terms of energy that can actually produce power, not merely a superficial value.

As can be understood from this principle, according to the present invention, there is no problem of excessively producing power of the power generation facility and wasting unnecessary reactive power (that is, excess power loss due to the gap between P point and B point in FIG. 2). In particular, even if the maximum production power of the renewable energy generation equipment is designed to match the load power, the power generation equipment and the compensation power (supplemental power from the outside by the automatic level control unit) are always in series and balanced in a cooperative relationship, so that at least 1 It will build a power plant that is stable and free of losses (loss to reactive power) for 10 to 16 hours a day.

The term 'asymmetric complementarity' in the term of the present invention refers to a power supply unit that produces unstable power and a power supply unit interlocked with a complementary power source in a stable state and connected in series to each other in a complementary relationship. As a root configuration for compensating for the lack of power (or excess) compared to the reference output to each other, it refers to a configuration that combines and interlocks between the main power supply line to supply a stable reference power to the load stage. In other words, 'asymmetric complementarity relationship' refers to the concept of combining external power toward power generation facilities, but combining them in series into a productive form of cooperation in order to compensate for insufficient power generation while changing the power generation power generation in an unstable state to a stable state. Say.

25 is a block diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

A power detection control unit 14 for sensing power supplied from the power generation facility to the capacitor system; And

A hybrid unit 17 interlocked with the power sensing control unit and replenishing power of the power generation facility provided to the capacitor system under control of the power sensing control unit when the power supplied to the capacitor system is less than or equal to chargeable power;

A control signal generator 13-6 for generating a drive signal of the hybrid unit;

As a configuration of the hybrid control unit 13-5 connected to the control signal generation unit and the hybrid unit to interlock to control the range of power replenishment of the hybrid unit.

The hybrid control unit 13-5,

A level control unit 13-5-1 and a control level of the level control unit 13-5-1, which are connected to the power detection control unit 14 and adjust a control level in response to the power change of the power generation facility. It is characterized in that it comprises a configuration to be achieved by the drive level signal conversion section 13-5-2 by adapting the drive signal and mixed into a drive level signal.

The hybrid controller may include a configuration in which the interface unit 13-4 interworks with each other to overcome a difference in characteristics between an output terminal of the driving level signal converter and an input terminal of the hybrid unit.

As described above, the sixth exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 25 corresponds to the concept of extending the present invention described in the first to fifth exemplary embodiments. That is, the hybrid unit 17 performs supplementary power shortage of the power generation facility 1, but supplementary power from power which branched a part of power of the power generation facility 1 without supplying an external power source 2-0 or an internal capacitor. It can be achieved. However, these configurations are similar to those of the first to fifth embodiments described above, in that the electric power branched from the power generation facility is subdivided again to control the direct current component, and is remarkably different from the prior art. There is a difference.

Each component is described as follows.

The power detection control unit 14 for detecting power supplied from the power generation facility to the capacitor system has the same principle as described above in the first to fifth embodiments.

Here, the hybrid unit 17 interlocked with the power sensing control unit and supplements the power of the power generation facility provided to the capacitor system under the control of the power sensing control unit when the power supplied to the capacitor system is less than the chargeable power; The power is controlled by the operation of the power sensing control unit, and the supplementary power is subdivided in the contents of supplementing the power, whether supplementing the power by procuring external power or procuring and supplying the branched power from the power generation facility (1). It is characterized by the fact that it is controlled in the predetermined stage so that the output stage (Level 2) outputs stable power without impact power.

That is, the conventional boosting technique using a switch and a capacitor has a desired 26.5V such as 2x (26V * 2 = 52V), 3x (13V * 3 = 39V), 4x (8.7V * 4 = 35V), ... There is a problem that cannot be supplemented by specifying. Therefore, if it is applied to power generation equipment of renewable energy, it can't comply with the natural phenomenon of changing the height smoothly and linearly, and the voltage suddenly increases at some point. Loss may occur. If the step-up step is set too low to prevent this, the step-up appears to be an insufficient problem this time. In addition, it was inevitable that excessive shock voltages were generated at the critical point at which the voltage stepped up to the voltage boosted step was increased or decreased.

For example, in a power plant for charging a 24V capacitor, it is 26V, which is less than 26.5V. When the voltage is boosted by 2 times, it becomes 262 = 52V. The problem of the impact voltage, in which the voltage changes rapidly to either 26.5V or 52V, is raised.

This problem leads to the problem of shock wave generation when solar panels are partly covered by leaves or dirt as well as changes in cloudy and sunny days. On the other hand, it is impossible to even think of constructing a solar panel (module) in two or more layers at the moment because it cannot be produced by the power of the power plant when it is covered by the shadow.

However, the hybrid unit 17 of the present invention is to supplement the power by overlapping the electric power from the power generation equipment, but the hybrid unit (13-5-1) and the hybrid unit which is linked to the above-described power detection control unit 14 17) is a linear step-up action, that is, by automatically controlling and supplying only the minimum power required, so that the total output level (Level 2), for example, 26.5V (or charging current when reaching 26.5V; for example 5A) The result of aggregating power and supplementary power of the power generation facility 1 is obtained.

In short, when the voltage of the power generation equipment reaches 26V, it supplements as much as 0.5V and when it reaches 20V, it supplements the aggregated power to supplement as much as 6.5V, while achieving the desired purpose as supplementary power, but high voltage without impact voltage as in the prior art. The effect of replenishing power in fine units in a wide range from low voltage to low voltage is obtained. According to the present invention, the hardware has the capability of supplementing voltages of 10 times or more, but the hybrid controller is capable of boosting an intermediate stage of 2 times, 3 times, that is, 100% and 200%, and even 1 to 5%. Soft adjustments are also made to enable fine replenishment of the degree to achieve the desired purpose described so far. This makes it possible to ignore the instantaneous shock due to voltage boost while significantly increasing the margin of the voltage boost range from low voltage to high voltage, especially in power generation facilities in the renewable energy sector where power range is not constant.

In the embodiment of FIG. 25, the control signal generation unit 13-6 and the hybrid control unit 13-5 are linked to each other by a level control unit for driving signals (including pulse signals) of a square wave output from the control signal generation unit. A function of converting and controlling the driving level signal 13-5-2 from (13-5-1).

In other words, when the driving signal is supplied to the hybrid unit 17, the hybrid unit 17 amplifies the power as a multiple of the power of the power generation facility. As a multiplier by height, the amplification function increases power. For example, boosting to 26V2 = 52V would amplify to 26V1.1 = 28.6V.

The finely cut criterion is set every time the power change is detected by the setting of the power detection control unit, and accordingly, the power detection control unit automatically adjusts the driving level signal in response to the power change of the power generation facility. In other words, the driving level signal changes the instantaneous level according to the command of the power sensing control unit to keep the power of the total output stage (Level 2) constant.

In addition, the output level of the hybrid control unit 13-5 overcomes the characteristic difference between the output terminal of the level control unit 13-5-1 and the input terminal of the hybrid unit, thereby providing a driving level signal 13-5-2. It may further comprise a connection configuration of the interfacing interface portion 13-4, which is particularly necessary in the case of the following high power.

That is, if the voltage of the power generation equipment is 26V, the same voltage is applied to the hybrid unit passing it to the capacitor system, and the hybrid control unit connected to amplify it is also linked with the same voltage difference. Therefore, in this case, when the hybrid control unit uses a TTL or a 15V CMOS IC that uses a 5V power supply, the output terminal is destroyed due to reverse current flowing from the hybrid unit.

In view of this, an interface 13-4 is a component that serves to interlock a finely cut level signal while overcoming both voltage differences. That is, the input terminal of the interface 13-4 is 5V or 15V corresponding to the internal voltage of the hybrid control unit 13-5, and the output terminal is adapted to the voltage difference in accordance with 26V or more corresponding to the power path of the hybrid unit 17. While protecting the circuit, it delivers the minute amplification signals (1V, 2V, 5V, etc.) necessary to drive the hybrid unit 17 as it is, and achieves the desired goal while maintaining the overall safety of the overall output stage (Level 2) in circuit safety. (The specific circuit configuration is shown in Fig. 30A).

Such configurations will appear in more detail by describing the specific circuits, ie, components, specified in the dependent claims below.

Fig. 26A, which is one of the components of the sixth exemplary embodiment of the present invention, is a block diagram showing an example of the control signal generator 13-6, and generates a square wave as a digital signal. In addition, Fig. 26B is an example performed by an analog operational amplifier (voltage comparator), which also generates a square wave. Although Fig. 26C shows that the square wave can be generated even as a dedicated one-chip timer, there may be a plurality of circuits for generating the square wave or pulse.

The control signal generator 13-6 generates a basic driving signal as an object to be controlled by the power sensing controller 14, and this control signal generator also works in conjunction with the level control unit to obtain an effect of a constant level change. Can be. For example, under the control of the power sensing controller, the duty ratio may be varied or the frequency may be varied in the range of several Hz to several MHz, and the driving signal itself may be turned on or off in conjunction with the power level adjustment. will be. When the power of the power generation equipment rises to such an extent that the drive signal is unnecessary, the drive signal itself may be controlled to stop.

On the other hand, even if the control signal generator generates a square wave or pulse signal at a fixed duty ratio and frequency, a signal in which the level of the drive signal is adjusted can be obtained when a change in power is required by combining with a level controller described later. This is possible because it adopts a configuration that generates a low power control signal as described above.

27A shows a configuration of the power sensing controller 14 and corresponds to the block diagram described in the first to fifth embodiments. FIG. 27B illustrates a case in which the transistor Q1 is alternately configured without the voltage comparator 14-1, but in any case, the power controller or the hybrid unit detects a power variation to operate and control the hybrid controller 13-5 connected to the output terminal. do.

28A shows an example of the level adjusting unit 13-5-1 in the hybrid control unit. In the block diagram, for example, the configuration in which the level adjusting section 13-5-1 sets the step height of the control level with a variable resistor connected to Gnd of the one-chip regulator is adopted. That is, the level of the output voltage varies depending on the voltage difference setting of the variable resistor connected to Gnd of FIG. 28A. However, there is a limiting characteristic that the lowest level depends on the base value set in the one-chip regulator. FIG. 28B shows a series regulator simply configured with one transistor. FIG. 28C shows a series regulator configured as a Darlington connected TR. Unlike FIG. 28A, these configurations are not limited to the lowest level. That is, level 1V can also be output.

29A, 29B, and 29C show an example in which the level adjusting unit 13-5-1 is interlocked with the power detection control unit 14. That is, the power detection control unit 14 can automatically control the fine power range, and the level control unit 13-5-1 can preset the step of amplification. Unlike FIG. 28A, FIG. 28B and FIG. 29B and 29C using 28c can preset the stage of amplification even lower.

Meanwhile, FIG. 29C may also serve to adjust the duty ratio by feedback control in a system interworking configuration. That is, in FIG. 29C, when the output of the power sensing control unit 14 becomes high level, the control level output of the level adjusting unit 13-5-1 becomes high, and accordingly, the hybrid control unit 13-5 in FIG. 17) to control at high power. However, this increased power eventually causes the output of the power sensing controller 14 to fall to a low level, so that the feedback function as the overall system is to act as a duty ratio control in which the level controller 14 repeats high and low. . In other words, the duty ratio signal is generated not only by the direct current control action but also by the intermittent signal as the non-normal systemic feedback control, and this power ratio action of the hybrid unit 17 is performed by the duty ratio signal.

Furthermore, the level adjusting unit 13-5-1 may further include a configuration of detecting a voltage change of the power generation equipment to determine a maximum level range of the driving level signal, which is illustrated in FIG. 29A or 29C. It is determined in accordance with how to set the zener diode (zener diode) shown in the power sensor controller (14). For example, the control of power from the power generation facility is set to 30V, and the power sensing control unit does not control the level control unit within the range, but when the voltage exceeds 30V, the power sensing control unit automatically suppresses the level control unit. It can work to

Hereinafter, the block diagram of FIG. 25 will be described in more detail by using a circuit illustrated in FIGS. 26A to 30D to which a specific action is achieved.

First, as shown in FIG. 30A, it can be seen that the power detection controller 14 detects the overall system power at the comprehensive output level 2, and the result is connected to the level adjuster 13-5-1. In essence, these configurations can sense the change in voltage, current or voltage + current supplied to the capacitor 2 system and allow the hybrid unit 17 to be controlled via the hybrid control unit 13-5. Through such a configuration, it is possible to utilize the entire amount of power of the power generation facility up to no power while preventing excessive power from being supplied to the load stage (for example, a battery).

Furthermore, the peak portion may be cut only when the voltage is excessively increased at the output terminal of the hybrid unit 17 by the control diode illustrated in the power sensing control unit 14 of FIG. 29A. 30A to 30D all apply this conceptual concept, but only the illustration of the current sensor is omitted in this configuration.

30A and 30B, the level adjusting unit 13-5-1 generates a signal of a control level set in association with the power sensing control unit 14 as shown in FIGS. 29A, 29B and 29C. That is, the level control unit includes a configuration for setting the control level in a step of a minute unit set in advance by the variable resistor VR connected to the Gnd terminal or the TR base terminal in FIGS. 29A and 29B. It serves as a reference for making a basic drive level signal that amplifies the control level superimposed on the power (24V). For example, it acts to be 27V by adding the control level 3V to the power plant voltage 24V.

This level control unit is preferably made of a power source that is a part of the power system of the power generation facility, but in addition, as shown in FIGS. 13 to 16 and described respectively, the external power source 2-0 or the auxiliary capacitor 2 , 2-1, 2-2, 2-4, etc.). However, since the auxiliary capacitor has already been described above, only the principle of controlling the control level connected to the regulator is illustrated and described.

In other words, the level control unit automatically increases the level of amplification when the power of the power plant is low, and automatically changes the level of amplification when the power of the power plant is high, in order to cope with the power change of the power generation plant due to natural phenomena. It works.

To this end, the level control unit has two functions for setting the individual boost step level and the overall control system power range for combining the individual boost steps. That is, the variable resistor VR of the level adjusting unit 13-5-1 of FIG. 29B is a setting function for finely adjusting the height of the stepped stairs, and the variable resistor VR of the power sensing control unit 14 of FIG. 29B. ) Is a stepless control setting function that ensures that the overall set voltage is maintained without a fixed step.

Next, in FIG. 30A, the drive level signal converter 13-5-2 selects a drive signal generated by the control signal generator 13-6 as shown in FIGS. 26A, 26B, 26C, and the like from the positive polarity and the reverse. The output of the hybrid control unit is generated as a drive level signal mixed with the previous control level while switching to the polarity. In this case, the control level is the output of the level control unit, and the combination thereof is mixed (mixed configuration) into the drive level signal. Say to export.

At this time, when the drive level signal is converted into time-series change in positive and reverse polarity by using the inverter in the drive level signal conversion unit, the level of the drive signal is adjusted as desired as described above, or the power sensing control unit and the like. As the time series progression of the positive polarity and the reverse polarity is intermittently intermittent with the duty ratio control to be interlocked, the driving level signal may be automatically controlled every time.

In short, even if the artificial amplification stage of the hybrid part is configured as an artificial hardware configuration, a direct current control level or duty ratio interruption signal is automatically controlled to increase or decrease the actual stage of the power amplification, and thus the target of the capacitor (2) system, which is a comprehensive output stage, is a target. A stable power regulation function is achieved.

As shown in FIGS. 30A, 30B, 30C, and 30D, the hybrid unit 17 is a component for boosting or stepping down the direct current supplied from the power generation facility 1. Specifically, the hybrid unit 17 includes a plurality of diodes (D1, ... Dn) connected in series and a plurality of capacitors (C1, ... Cn) classified at respective nodes of the plurality of diodes connected in series. Consists of an array of capacitors,

Connecting the diode input terminal of the diode capacitor array to the power plant (1) system while the diode output terminal of the diode capacitor array to the capacitor (2) system, each capacitor input terminal (C1, ..) of the diode capacitor array. .Cn is connected to the drive level signal converting section 13-5-2 of the hybrid control section 13-5.

30A, 30B, 30C, and 30D, the interface unit 13-4 is shown, but the hybrid control unit 13-5 and the hybrid unit 17 are directly connected without the interface unit 13-4. The battery voltage can be adopted in the case of low power lower than the maximum rated voltage of the hybrid control unit 13-4.

If the interface unit 13-4 is interlocked, the configuration interworking with the hybrid unit 17 is modified as follows.

That is, the hybrid unit is composed of a plurality of diodes (D1, ... Dn) connected in series and a diode capacitor array consisting of a plurality of capacitors (C1, ... Cn) classified at each node of the plurality of diodes connected in series. Become,

The interface unit 13-4 is composed of a plurality of push pull circuits 13-4-1,... 13-4-n,

While connecting the diode input terminal of the diode capacitor array to the power plant (1) system while connecting the diode output terminal of the diode capacitor array to the capacitor (2) system to configure a power supplement path,

The plurality of push-pull circuits are matched to each of the capacitor input terminals C1, ... Cn of the diode capacitor array by the plurality of push-pull circuits 13-4-1, ... 13-4-n. According to the drive level signal of the drive level signal conversion unit 13-5-2 via (13-4-1,... It will be included.

At this time, the interface unit 13-4 is the drive level signal conversion unit 13-5-2 and the hybrid unit to match when the voltage of the power generation equipment 1 and the operating voltage of the hybrid control unit 13-5 are different from each other. 30A, the difference between the voltage A supplied to the drive level signal converter 13-5-2 and the voltage B supplied from the power generation equipment 1 is shown in FIG. 30A. While overcoming, the drive level signal from the hybrid control unit 13-5 is transmitted to the hybrid unit 17.

That is, the interface unit 13-4 is an input level D1 of the hybrid unit 17 connected to the power generation facility voltage of 26V and the drive level signal conversion unit 13-5-1 of the hybrid control unit 13-5 connected to 5V. The voltage difference between the output stages of the () is mediated by the push-pull transistor (Q1) of the interface to connect the signal to the base and to overcome the problem of the voltage difference to the collector. In other words, the amplification range can be subdivided into 5V units while amplifying power on the basis of 26V. If the hybrid unit 17 and the hybrid control unit 13-5 are directly connected without the interface unit, the hybrid control unit using 5V or 15V due to the 26V is very likely to be burned out. Although not shown, a coupling capacitor may be provided between each base of the push-pull circuit directly connected to the figure and the output terminal of the hybrid controller.

30A and 30C illustrate the push-pull circuit as a plurality of darlington complementary TRs combined with NPN and PNP to protect the hybrid control unit from a voltage supplied to an input terminal of the hybrid unit. 30B illustrates an interface unit as a complimentary TR combining NPN and PNP. Since the difference between the Darlington connection and the non-darlington connection is in the current amplification factor, the Darlington has an advantage in that the signal waveform from the driving level signal converter is kept close to the original shape.

The interface unit has a key effect as a matching unit that allows the control signal generator, which operates only in weak power such as an IC, to be used as a high power power material such as the production of power generation equipment. Accordingly, the boosting target of the hybrid unit is the power of the power plant, but the power level of the power plant is not directly boosted. Instead, the drive level signal obtained by disassembling the power of the power plant is used as a logical boosting material, and then connected again. Power control is possible.

Although the present invention is not limited thereto, and is not shown, an optical sensor unit such as a CDS for controlling the operation by sensing the brightness of light in at least one of the hybrid unit, the interface unit, the control signal generator, the hybrid controller, or the power sensor controller. In the case of interlocking, for example, in the present invention to the solar cell it is possible to automatically stop the operation linked to the hybrid unit 17 at night to prevent its own power consumption.

Such a configuration may be configured in advance to set the time to be switched to the four seasons day and night even in a configuration in which the reservation control unit which controls the operation at a time set in at least one of the hybrid unit, the interface unit, the control signal generation unit, the hybrid control unit or the power detection control unit is linked. Can be operated for the same purpose.

In addition, by interlocking with information and communication technologies such as smart grid, IoT, interlocking the remote monitoring control means that can transmit the operating state to at least one of the hybrid unit, the interface unit, the control signal generator, the hybrid control unit or the power detection control unit. In this case, it is possible to control or monitor the operating state from a remote place, especially using the Internet or a smart phone. For example, in FIG. 30A, the charging current and the charging voltage are remotely sensed at the current sensor position (output terminal of Dn) detected by the power sensing controller 14, and the processing of the result is performed to the level adjusting unit 13-5-1. Feedback can be controlled.

In FIG. 30A, reference numerals R and LED denote display parts for a test point that allow the naked eye to easily check whether the hybrid part 17 is operating.

On the other hand, Figure 30c is a drive level signal converter (13-5-2) is connected to the output terminal of the power sensing control unit 14 not only to control the level but also directly connected to the power generation system (1) system also has a function to control the level Will be performed.

In this configuration, the voltage comparators 13-5-3 not only shift the square wave in time series, but also sense the power output from the power plant 1 and automatically adjust the time-series shifted range, that is, the number of steps to be leveled up. Will be set. If the number of stairs is small, the power amplification degree is lowered even if the number of stairs is the same level.

In the same vein, FIG. 30D shows that the number of steps and the level control are simultaneously adjusted 13-5. The voltage comparator 13-5-2 in which a separate inverter 13-5-2 is in charge of level control and determines the number of steps. 3) is an embodiment configured to control the inverter by directly sensing the power from the power generation equipment to control the range and level of time series steps.

30E is a block diagram showing an example in which the hybrid control unit 13-5 described so far is integrally implemented as a single MPU 15.

That is, the control signal generator 13-6, the level controller 13-5-1, and the drive level signal converter 13-5-2 constitute an input / output terminal for interlocking the MPU 18 and the MPU 15. Control signal generation program (program corresponding to 13-6), level control program (program corresponding to 13-5-1) and drive level signal control program (program corresponding to 13-5-2) And a means configured to perform each, which corresponds to a configuration substituted for performing the role of the software hybrid control unit corresponding to the control signal generator, the level adjusting unit, and the driving level signal converting unit described above. Of course, in order to configure and operate the hardware for driving such software, the power supply unit 13-7 dedicated to the MPU is preferably configured separately.

31A to 31E are graphs schematically illustrating the operation of the present invention.

That is, in the present invention, when the drive signal from the control signal generator 13-6 is directly supplied to the hybrid controller 17 without the drive level signal converter 13-5-2, the power of the power generation equipment is 1, 2, N, such as 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (Fig. 31A). At this time, it is natural that the impact voltage is large as pointed out the problem of the prior art each time it is switched to a height step corresponding to one multiple.

On the other hand, the present invention is to stabilize the overall power systemically within the range set by the power detection control unit 14, the power detection control unit to determine the overall height of the overall integrated output stage and the level control unit for each step The height is determined to maintain a constant power as a whole (Figs. 31B and 31C).

If the hybrid control unit does not generate a drive level signal, the hybrid unit 17 passes power from the power generation unit 1 without amplifying action. In this case, the overall voltage is equal to the insertion loss of the diode falling while passing through the diode array. Will be lowered. That is, the coercion can also be made (FIG. 31D).

FIG. 31E shows that the number of control stages of the hybrid unit 17 is fixed to four stages by the action of the comparator 13-5-3, which is the step number controller in FIG. 30C or FIG. The power sensing control unit 14 operates on the basis of a mixed configuration that follows a small voltage change as a whole.

In the present invention as described above, even if a plurality of hybrid units 17 are connected in parallel, each of them operates independently to obtain an effect of not causing mutual interference. That is, the present invention is configured by interlocking the power detection control unit 14, the hybrid unit 17, the interface unit 13-4, the hybrid control unit 13-5, and the control signal generator 13-6 in the sixth embodiment. The power level transitions of the devices are independent of each other, even if multiple devices are connected in parallel. That is, in any case, such as when collecting in parallel through a plurality of power level transition devices from each power plant (1), or sorted in a single power plant (1) and sorted in parallel into a plurality of devices and then integrated again The power level shifter operates independently based on its own control, and automatically plays a role-sharing role by keeping only the power set at the integrated output stage constant.

That is, since the power level transition device of the power generation facility described above, in principle, independent operation, it is possible to collect power by collecting a single capacitor 20 system from a plurality of power generation facilities, as well as one power generation facility ( Even between 1) and one capacitor 2, by combining multiple devices according to the required capacity, an automatic operation of distributing and adjusting the amplification degree within each capacity range is possible even by simply stacking and increasing the power capacity.

The core of this principle is the level control unit 13-5-1, the drive level signal conversion unit 13-5-2 and the interface unit 13 which finely disassemble and control the low level in the hybrid control unit 13-5. -4) and from the overall interlocking effect of the hybrid unit 17 which amplifies the fine power by mixing the high power and the fine power of the power generation facility.

In particular, according to a special effect that can be flexibly expanded by simple combination in parallel, a power replenishment system can be configured according to cells even within a single solar panel, and furthermore, when some shadows are hidden among the plurality of solar panels. Even if the electric power is replenished accordingly, normal power generation can be taken, thus synergistic effect can be achieved in the construction of multi-layered or multi-layered solar panels, which could not be imagined before.

The embodiments of the present invention described above are disclosed for purposes of illustration, and those skilled in the art having ordinary knowledge of the present invention may make various modifications, changes, and additions within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Should be considered to be within the scope of the following claims.

1: power generation equipment
2: capacitor system
4: load system
4-1: Inverter
14: power detection control unit
13-2: automatic level control
13-4: Interface
13-5: hybrid control unit
13-5-1: Level control part
13-5-2: Drive level signal converter
13-6: Control Signal Generator
17: hybrid unit
13: power supply

Claims (6)

Power generation equipment for supplying power to the load stage;
At least one capacitor configured to receive and store power from the power generation facility;
A power sensing control unit sensing power supplied from the power generation facility to the load stage; And
When the power supplied to the capacitor or the load stage is less than the set effective power includes a power supplement for activating the power of the power generation equipment to be supplied to the capacitor or load end to the active power,
When the potential of the power generation equipment is lower than the potential of the capacitor or the load stage, the power supplement unit supplies a series of overlapping loads to the power generation equipment system so as to increase the potential of the power generation equipment output terminal, thereby activating the power of the power generation equipment as the effective power.
The power supply unit is connected to the input terminal to supply the input power from the capacitor or the load terminal system, the control terminal is connected to receive the detection result of the power sensing control unit, and the load output potential according to the detection result of the control terminal It includes an automatic level control unit having an output stage for adjusting the output,
The power generation facility above the level required by the capacitor or the load end when the horsepower output potential output from the output level of the automatic level control unit is less than the set effective power by being connected and automatically regulated in series in an asymmetric complementary relationship to the power generation system. By activating the level of activating the power of the power plant as active power,
The cargo output potential is adjusted within the range that the output power from the power generation facility does not exceed a preset level,
And said predetermined level is a level equal to or greater than said effective power. The method of claim 1,
The power supply and the power supply is connected to the output potential of the automatic level control unit is connected in series to the power supply system of the power plant so that the output of the power supply shifts the power level of the negative pole (-) Power level transition apparatus of the power generation equipment, characterized in that. The method of claim 1,
The power plant is a conventional solar cell in which the current and voltage is changed according to the load and weather conditions,
The capacitor is a conventional capacitor in which current and voltage vary depending on the state of charge and discharge,
The power sensing control unit detects a connection point between the solar cell and the load end, while the power supplement unit interlocks with the power sensing control unit to supply and control the intermediate power.
Power level transition apparatus of a power generation facility, characterized in that the production power from the solar cell is activated as the active power by the pick-up material controlled by the power supplement unit even though the current and voltage change. The method of claim 1,
The power generation facility is a facility for producing electric power as a solar cell,
The power sensing control unit further comprises an idling control configuration which is combined with an optical sensor to stop the power supplement at night and operate the power supplement only during the day when power is generated in the power plant. Level transition. The method of claim 1,
When the power of the power generation facility is greater than the effective power, the power of the power generation facility is directly supplied to the load terminal through a semiconductor switch connected in series with the negative electrode (-) of the power generation facility, while the power of the power generation facility is less than the effective power; An output level of the power supply unit connected in parallel to both ends of the semiconductor switch, the power level of the power generation facility being configured to supply more than the effective power to the load end by interlocking with the power generation facility in an asymmetric complementary series connection relationship; Transition device. The method of claim 2,
In the configuration in which the output potential of the automatic level control unit is connected in series with the power supply system of the power generation equipment, the power generation equipment is connected via a semiconductor switch configured to prevent the reverse current flowing into the output terminal of the power supply. Power level transition device.

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