KR101360401B1 - Photovoltaic power generation - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system having a self diagnosis function. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic power generation system having a self diagnosis function includes a photovoltaic battery module (100), a photovoltaic battery array (101), and a connection box (102) connected to the photovoltaic battery array (101). [Reference numerals] (102) Connection box; (103) Inverter; (AA) AC power source

Description

Photovoltaic power generation with self-diagnosis function

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system having a self-diagnostic function, and more specifically, to detect the voltage fluctuations in the event of an abnormality of the solar cell module to display the presence or absence of the abnormality and the state of the photovoltaic diodes. Detects the voltage and current of each module array and stores the value, compares the input / output voltage and current in the junction box to determine whether there is an abnormality, and integrates and manages the temperature inside the junction box, the external temperature, and the solar radiation meter. The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system having a self-diagnosis function that enables remote monitoring by transmitting data that is automatically ventilated or integrated management for performance improvement.

In recent years, in order to overcome the energy and resource crisis caused by the climate change crisis due to the increase in the use of fossil fuels, the increase of the world population and the rapid growth of BRICs, The era of growth has been adopted as a paradigm of new national development.

In other words, the green growth will escape the stereotype that the environment and the economy are in conflict, maximizing the synergy between the two, contributing to the improvement of the environment and transforming the environment into a growth engine. it means.

As one of the specific directions for green growth, photovoltaic power generation is attracting attention as a means of implementing de-oiling and energy independence. Generally, photovoltaic power generation is realized in the form of power generation that generates electricity directly from a solar cell made of a semiconductor material by receiving sunlight. In other words, solar power generation is a method of converting light energy from the sun directly into electric energy.

Photovoltaic power generation uses the controller to store the current produced by the solar cell as a storage battery through the controller, converts it into AC power via the junction box, inverter and distribution panel, and then uses it as household current.

In the case where the solar power is large in capacity, a large number of wires are required when each solar panel is connected to an inverter by extending a line. Therefore, a junction box serving as a terminal box is formed for each solar panel, One electricity can be connected to the inverter and battery by reducing the number of wires.

That is, a junction box having such a function is usually configured to include a housing (housing), a cable (cable), a connector (connector), the junction box is a ribbon connected to the solar panel in the housing, and the ribbon It consists of a diode that intercepts the current flow between, and one side of the housing is attached with a waterproof cover to prevent the penetration of moisture or impurities.

A solar panel mainly used for large-scale photovoltaic power generation including home use is shown in FIG. 1.

In the solar panel shown in FIG. 1, the solar cells are arranged in six rows and are arranged in rows of twelve rows, and the standard is represented by 6 * 12 columns.

Such a solar panel is connected to the ribbon of the junction box as shown in Figure 2 by connecting the rows and rows in series with two rows as a block. That is, the + and-wires from the three blocks 1a, 1b and 1c are connected to the four ribbons.

At this time, when the voltage produced in the intermediate block 1b is higher than the voltage produced in the first block 1a, the electricity produced in the intermediate block 1b is the first block in the ribbons 11b and 11c to which the intermediate block 1b is connected. (1a) may flow toward the connected ribbons 11a and 11b. To prevent this case, a diode 12 is formed in the housing 10 which serves as a bypass between the ribbon and the ribbon.

This diode 12 prevents the current from flowing in the reverse direction to prevent damage of the solar cell.

The conventional junction box includes a housing 10 having a ribbon 11 and a diode 12 embedded therein, a cover 20 fastened to the housing 10 to prevent penetration of water or impurities, and one ribbon 11. ) And a cable 14 and a connector (not shown) connected to each other.

If the junction box does not produce electricity normally due to the failure of the solar panel, the cover 20 must be opened and the current flow must be checked by using a check device such as a tester between the ribbons 11 of the housing 10. There is discomfort.

That is, in the solar panel, as described above, one block is connected between the ribbon and the ribbon. Thus, in the case of the solar panel 1 including three blocks 1a, 1b and 1c as shown in FIG. The current flow between the and the ribbon should be checked three times.

In addition, the cover 20 is coupled with a plurality of hooks (13, 23), etc. to maintain a firm coupling state with the housing 10 to prevent the penetration of water or impurities, the cover 20 in the housing 10 Separation is also not easy.

As a result, in the case of a power generation module in which a plurality of solar panels are formed, if the solar panel is to be checked due to the decrease in power generation, the cover 20 of the junction box J formed for each solar panel is opened and the amount and flow of electricity is checked by a tester or the like. Next, the cover 20 needs to be fastened to the housing 10 again, so a lot of time is spent on the inspection and the inspection work is very cumbersome.

Therefore, on March 30, 2011, patent application No. 10-2011-0028779 (solar panel with junction box formed) was proposed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the housing 10 is attached to the rear surface of the solar panel 1 and has a ribbon 11 and a diode 12 embedded therein, and a cover 20 detachable from the housing 10. In the solar panel formed junction box configured to include,

The upper surface 20a of the cover 20 is provided with an illumination unit 21 having the light emitting diodes 22 formed therein, and it is possible to visually check whether there is an abnormality of the solar panel 1, and the light emitting diodes formed in the illumination unit 21 ( 22 is configured to contact the ribbon 11 when the cover 20 and the housing 10 are fastened so that the light emitting diode 22 emits light when a current flows between the ribbon 11.

However, since the light emitting diode 22 is turned on by the current while merely detecting the presence of a current by the solar panel having the conventional junction box as described above, there is a disadvantage in that the state of the power generation by the solar panel cannot be accurately recognized. .

Thus, a patent application No. 10-2011-0028836 (a photovoltaic power generation system and its efficiency diagnosis method) of Mar. 30, 2011 has been proposed,

This includes a photovoltaic power generation array including m (m is a natural number greater than 1) photovoltaic generation modules for converting sunlight to DC power;

An inverter for converting m DC powers from the m photovoltaic modules into AC;

A solar radiation amount measuring unit for measuring at least one of a horizontal solar radiation amount for an installation place where the solar power generation array is installed and an inclined solar radiation amount for at least one solar power generation module;

A temperature measuring unit for measuring at least one of ambient temperature of the installation site where the m photovoltaic power generation modules are installed and module temperature of the at least one photovoltaic power generation module;

M power meters for individually measuring m DC powers from the m photovoltaic modules; And

Based on at least any one of the horizontal plane solar irradiance, the slope solar irradiance, the outdoor air temperature, the module temperature, and the total power of the m direct current powers measured by testing the m solar power generation modules in the initialized state during the test operation period, And a diagnostic device for calculating the power generation / sustainment rate of the photovoltaic power generation array by comparing the actual power calculated during the actual operation period with the reference power.

However, according to the conventional photovoltaic power generation system and its efficiency diagnosis method, there is a disadvantage in that it is impossible to take measures according to the measurement of temperature and power generation in order to maintain the optimum condition of the junction box of the photovoltaic power generation system. .

Accordingly, the present invention is to solve the conventional problems as described above, by detecting the occurrence of voltage fluctuations in the case of the solar cell module to display the presence and absence of the abnormality and the state by the light emitting diode, and each array of solar cell module Detects the voltage and current, stores the value, compares the input / output voltage and current in the junction box to determine whether there is an abnormality, and integrates and manages the temperature inside the junction box and the data of the solar radiation meter to improve performance. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic power generation system having a self-diagnosis function that enables remote monitoring by transmitting data automatically ventilated or integrated management.

Solar power generation system with a self-diagnosis function of the present invention for achieving the above object,

A solar cell module for converting light energy incident from the sun into electrical energy and collecting the solar energy,

A junction box for connecting an array of solar power generation systems,

It is an inverter that collects and receives analog data and contact data of photovoltaic power generation system from the junction box and transmits it to the central control device and server through the network, and converts the electrical energy converted into DC power by solar cell into AC power. Configure it,

Junction box,

A housing attached to the rear surface of the solar cell module and containing a ribbon and a diode;

A cover detachably attached to the housing;

A light emitting diode is formed on the upper surface of the cover, and the voltage values of the DC power source converted from the solar cell module are compared with the first and second comparators, respectively, according to a normal power generation state, an abnormal power generation state, or a problem occurrence state. The light emitting diodes are turned on in different colors so that the solar cells can be checked visually.

And the junction box,

A power measurement unit for detecting a voltage and a current output from the solar cell module;

A power comparison unit for determining whether the input / output power measured by the power measurement unit is normal while comparing with the reference voltage;

Sensor detecting unit for measuring the internal and external temperature of the junction box,

Sunlight detection unit for detecting the amount of sunshine,

A controller for controlling an internal operation according to the detection result of the power measuring unit and the sensor detecting unit;

A fan driver for lowering an internal temperature by operating an internal fan under the control of the controller;

A heater driving unit for raising an internal temperature while operating an internal heater under control of the controller;

Transmitting and receiving unit for transmitting data to the central control unit and receiving the control signal from the central control unit by wire and wireless to the outside,

A first switching unit controlling an on / off operation of a transceiver for transmitting internal data to the outside under the control of the controller;

And a second switching unit configured to turn on or off the operation of the solar cell module while being controlled by the central controller.

In the photovoltaic power generation system having a self-diagnostic function according to the present invention, it is possible to detect the occurrence of voltage fluctuations in the event of an abnormality of the solar cell module and to display the presence or absence of the abnormality with a light emitting diode.

By checking whether there is any abnormality by the light emitting diode, and forming the voltage measuring contact formed on the measuring terminal block, it is possible to check the abnormal voltage accurately without disconnecting the terminal, so that it is possible to quickly and accurately determine the abnormality in maintenance. To improve work efficiency.

Then, it detects the voltage and current input for each solar cell array and compares them with several junction boxes to determine the abnormal array, and compares the input voltage, current and output voltage, and current to determine whether there is a failure in the junction box and according to the result of the judgment. Detects the fault and displays the fault on the window.

Detects the temperature inside the junction box to operate the fan / heater to minimize the influence of external temperature on system performance,

Integrating module surface detection temperature data, external detection temperature data, and pyranometer detection data to the main monitoring system has the effect of enabling remote integrated operation.

1 is a configuration diagram of a conventional general solar cell module.
2 is a block diagram of a junction box according to a conventional embodiment.
Figure 3 is a block diagram of a junction box according to another embodiment of the prior art.
4 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a block diagram showing the appearance of the junction box of the present invention.
Figure 6 is a circuit diagram showing the internal configuration of the junction box of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the junction box of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Solar power generation system having a self-diagnostic function according to the present invention,

A solar cell module 100 for converting and collecting light energy incident from the sun into electrical energy;

A solar cell array 101 for managing the plurality of solar cell modules 100 by arranging them side by side;

Junction box 102 for connecting the solar cell array 101,

Collecting and receiving analog data and contact data of the photovoltaic power generation system from the junction box 102 and transmits it to the central control unit and the server through the network network, the electrical energy converted into direct current power by the solar cell to the AC power source Configured by the inverter 103 to convert,

Junction box 110,

A housing 111 attached to the rear surface of the solar cell module 100 to allow power to flow through the diode 112;

A cover 113 attached to and detached from the housing 111,

On the upper surface of the cover 113, a blue light emitting diode 114 and a red light emitting diode 115 of a tricolor light emitting diode are formed to be converted from the solar cell module 100 and the power value of the direct current power flowing to the diode 112. Is compared with the first comparator 116 and the second comparator 117 and both light emitting diodes 114 and 115 are turned on to generate yellow light in a normal power generation state, and the blue light emitting diode 114 in an abnormal power generation state. Is turned on and the red light emitting diode 115 is turned on when a problem occurs, and visually confirms whether there is an abnormality of the solar cell.

Both terminals of the diode 112 are electrically connected so that the + terminal 118 and the-terminal 119 are exposed to the outside so that the correct voltage can be obtained through the two terminals 118 and 119 from the outside even when the cover 113 is not opened. However, the current can be measured.

And the junction box 102,

A power measuring unit 121 for detecting a voltage and a current output from the solar cell module 100;

A power comparison unit 122 which determines whether the input / output power measured by the power measurement unit 121 is normal while comparing with the reference voltage;

A sensor detecting unit 123 measuring an external temperature with the second temperature sensor 125 while measuring an internal temperature with the first temperature sensor 124 of the junction box 102;

Sunlight detection unit 126 for detecting the amount of sunshine,

A controller 127 for controlling an internal operation according to a detection result of the power measuring unit 121, the power comparing unit 122, the sensor detecting unit 123, and the sunshine detection unit 126;

A fan driver 128 for lowering an internal temperature by operating an internal fan 129 under the control of the controller 127;

A heater driver 130 for increasing an internal temperature while operating the heater 131 therein under the control of the controller 127;

A transmission and reception unit 132 for transmitting data to the central control unit 140 and the server 141 and receiving control signals from the central control unit 140 by wire and wirelessly with the outside;

A first switching unit 133 for controlling an on / off operation of the transceiver 132 for transmitting internal data to the outside under the control of the controller 127;

The second switching unit 134 is configured to turn on / off the operation of the solar cell module 100 while being controlled by the controller 127 by the data of the central controller 140.

The solar power generation system with a self-diagnosis function of the present invention configured as described above,

The solar cell module 100 converts and collects light energy incident from the sun into electrical energy.

The solar cell array 101 is arranged to manage a plurality of the solar cell module 100 side by side.

The solar cell array 101 is connected to the junction box 102 to facilitate management.

The inverter 103 collects and receives analog data and contact data of the photovoltaic power generation system from the junction box 102 and transmits them to a central controller and a server through a network, and direct current power by the solar cell module 100. To convert the converted electrical energy into AC power.

On the other hand, the junction box 110 is a blue light emitting diode (LED) of the three-color light-emitting diode while embedding the diode 112 and the first and second comparators 116 and 117 in the housing 111 in which the cover 113 is detached ( 114) The red light emitting diode 115 is installed to be exposed to the outside.

Therefore, while power generation is performed in the solar cell module 100, power flows through the diode 112 of the housing 111 of the junction box 110 attached to the rear surface.

On the upper surface of the cover 113, a blue light emitting diode 114 and a red light emitting diode 115 of a tricolor light emitting diode are formed, and are converted from the solar cell module 100 to a power value of a DC power supply flowing to the diode 112. Is compared to the first comparator 116 and the second comparator 117 to determine whether the normal power generation state.

That is, in the normal power generation state output as "H" from the first comparator 116 and the second comparator 116, both the blue light emitting diode 114 and the red light emitting diode 115 are turned on while the yellow light emitting diode is turned on. The yellow light is emitted as shown.

Only the blue light emitting diode 114 is turned on in the abnormal power generation state outputted as "H" in the first comparator 116 and output as "L" in the second comparator 117.

In addition, the red light emitting diode 115 is turned on in a state in which the problem of outputting the "H" only in the second comparator 117 is made to visually check whether there is an abnormality of the solar cell.

In addition, both terminals of the diode 112 are electrically connected so that the + terminal 118 and the-terminal 119 are exposed to the outside, so that even if the cover 113 is not opened, the two terminals 118 and 119 are correct from the outside. Allows you to measure voltage or current.

On the other hand, the junction box 102 has a power measurement unit 121, a power comparison unit 122, the first and second temperature sensors 124 of the sensor detection unit 123, the sunshine detection unit 126, the controller ( 127, a fan 129 of the fan driver 128, a heater 131 of the heater driver 130, a transmitter / receiver 132, a first switch 133, and a second switch 134 are built-in. do.

Therefore, the power measuring unit 121 detects the voltage and current output from the solar cell module 100 to compare the input / output power with the reference voltage of the power comparing unit 122 to determine whether it is normal.

The sensor detection unit 123 of the junction box 102 measures the external temperature with the second temperature sensor 125 while measuring the internal temperature with the first temperature sensor 124 and the environment according to the temperature of the junction box 102. Measure it.

In addition, the sunshine detection unit 126 detects the amount of sunshine and the controller 127 controls the detection result of the power measurement unit 121, the power comparison unit 122, the sensor detection unit 123, and the sunshine detection unit 126. Therefore, the internal operation is controlled.

Therefore, when the internal temperature is high, such as summer, the fan 129 under the control of the controller 127 operates the internal fan 129 to lower the internal temperature.

When the internal temperature is low, such as in winter, the internal temperature is increased while the internal heater 131 is operated by the heater driver 130 under the control of the controller 127.

The transceiver 132 under the control of the controller 127 transmits data from the controller 127 to the central controller 140 and the server 141 in a wired and wireless manner with respect to the outside, or the central controller 140. The control signal from the controller 127 is transmitted to the controller 127.

The first switching unit 133 under the control of the controller 127 controls the on / off operation of the transceiver 132 for transmitting the internal data to the outside to waste power while receiving unnecessary signals Prevent it.

The second switching unit 134, which is controlled by the controller 127 by the data of the central controller 140, turns off the abnormal or problematic solar cell module 100 so that A / S can be easily performed. To be done.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but many variations and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

100 solar cell module 101 solar array
102: junction box 103: inverter
110: junction box 112: diode
114, 115: light emitting diodes 116, 117: comparators
121: power measurement unit 122: power comparison unit
123: sensor detection unit 126: sunshine detection unit
127: controller 132: transceiver
133, 134: switching unit

Claims (3)

delete A solar cell module 100 for converting and collecting light energy incident from the sun into electrical energy;
A solar cell array 101 for managing the plurality of solar cell modules 100 by arranging them side by side;
Junction box 102 for connecting the solar cell array 101,
Collecting and receiving analog data and contact data of the photovoltaic power generation system from the junction box 102 and transmits it to the central control unit and the server through the network network, the electrical energy converted into direct current power by the solar cell to the AC power source In the solar power generation system having a self-diagnosis function composed of an inverter 103 to convert,
In the junction box 102,
Control of the controller 127 for controlling the internal operation according to the detection result of the sunshine detection unit 126 and the power measurement unit 121 and the power comparison unit 122 and the sensor detection unit 123 to detect the amount of sunshine. To operate the internal fan 129 in the receiving fan drive 128 to lower the internal temperature,
Under the control of the controller 127, the heater driving unit 130 increases the internal temperature while operating the heater 131 therein,
Under the control of the controller 127, the transmission and reception unit 132 transmits data to the central control unit 140 and the server 141 in a wired and wireless manner, and receives a control signal from the central control unit 140. and,
Under the control of the controller 127 to control the on / off operation of the transceiver 132 for transmitting the internal data from the first switching unit 133 to the outside,
Under the control of the controller 127 by the data of the central controller 140, the second switching unit 134 to turn on or off the operation of the solar cell module 100,
In the junction box 110 attached to the back of the solar cell module 100,
On the upper surface of the cover 113, a blue light emitting diode 114 and a red light emitting diode 115 of a tricolor light emitting diode are formed to convert a power value of a DC power source converted from the solar cell module 100 and flowing to the diode 112. While comparing with the first comparator 116 and the second comparator 117,
In the normal power generation state in which both the first comparator 116 and the second comparator 117 are output as “H”, both the blue light emitting diode 114 and the red light emitting diode 115 of the tricolor light emitting diode are turned on to generate yellow light. Let's do it,
In the abnormal power generation state in which only the first comparator 116 is output as "H" and is output as "L" from the second comparator 117, the blue light emitting diode 114 of the tricolor LED is turned on.
In the state where only the second comparator 117 is outputted as “H”, only the red light emitting diode 115 of the tricolor LED is turned on so that the solar cell can be visually checked.
Both terminals of the diode 112 are electrically connected so that the + terminal 118 and the-terminal 119 are exposed to the outside so that the correct voltage can be obtained through the two terminals 118 and 119 from the outside even when the cover 113 is not opened. Photovoltaic power generation system with self-diagnosis function characterized in that it is configured to measure the current. delete

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