JPS63241864A - Electro-chemical cell - Google Patents

Electro-chemical cell

Info

Publication number
JPS63241864A
JPS63241864A JP62076902A JP7690287A JPS63241864A JP S63241864 A JPS63241864 A JP S63241864A JP 62076902 A JP62076902 A JP 62076902A JP 7690287 A JP7690287 A JP 7690287A JP S63241864 A JPS63241864 A JP S63241864A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
electrode
battery
negative electrode
ion
compound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP62076902A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0821381B2 (en
Inventor
Terutoshi Kanbara
神原 輝寿
Kazunori Takada
和典 高田
Tadashi Tonomura
正 外邨
Shigeo Kondo
繁雄 近藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP62076902A priority Critical patent/JPH0821381B2/en
Publication of JPS63241864A publication Critical patent/JPS63241864A/en
Publication of JPH0821381B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0821381B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/581Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize a long life by using an electrode which comprises a com pound with specific component containing Li whereby discharge polarization is reduced. CONSTITUTION:A compound, expressed by LixMzMo6S8-y, is used for a negative electrode 3. In the formula, M is an element selected from Na, Mg, Al, Ca, Sc, Mn, Fe, Co and 0<x<13, 0<=y<=0.5, 0<=z<=4. Li ion moves freely in and out three-dimensional skeleton comprising the elements represented by the formu la and Mo6S8-y. At the time, the energy necessary for the movement of Li<+> ion in crystal lattice is very small, and, therefore, the solution and deposition reaction of Li ion on the surface of electrode is advantageous. And therefore needle crystal of Li is difficult to grow on the surface of electrode. The fore going compound indicates good reversibility as an electrode, and an electrochemi cal cell such as secondary battery using it for a negative electrode 3 indicates a small capacity drop caused by repeated charging and discharging.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、リチウムイオン導伝性電解質を用いた電気化
学セル特に電池に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to electrochemical cells, particularly batteries, using lithium ion conductive electrolytes.

従来の技術 近年、リチウムを用いた二次電池の開発が広く行われて
いる。例えば、正極にT I S2を用い、負極にLl
、電解質としてLICIO4/プロピレンカーボネイト
を用いたものが提案された。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, secondary batteries using lithium have been widely developed. For example, use TIS2 for the positive electrode and Ll for the negative electrode.
, one using LICIO4/propylene carbonate as the electrolyte was proposed.

発明が解決しようとする問題点 しかしながらこの電池は充放電を繰り返すと、負極にL
iの針状結晶が成長し充放電効率が悪く、負極と正極が
短絡しやすく比較的早期に電池容量の低下を起こすとい
う問題を有していた。
Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, when this battery is repeatedly charged and discharged, L is generated at the negative electrode.
The problem was that the acicular crystals of i grew, resulting in poor charging and discharging efficiency, and the negative and positive electrodes were easily short-circuited, causing a relatively early reduction in battery capacity.

問題点を解決するための手段 電気化学セルの構成要素でちる電極として、L txM
、 Mo6S8−y(MはNa 、Mg 、AI 、C
a 、So。
Means for solving the problemAs a component of an electrochemical cell, L txM is used as an electrode.
, Mo6S8-y (M is Na, Mg, AI, C
a, So.

Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ga、Sr、Y
、Ag、Cd。
Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sr, Y
, Ag, Cd.

In、Sn、Ba、La、Tl、Pbより選ぶ元素、o
<x<13.O≦y≦0.5.0≦2≦4)で表わされ
る化合物を用いる。
Element selected from In, Sn, Ba, La, Tl, Pb, o
<x<13. A compound represented by O≦y≦0.5.0≦2≦4) is used.

作  用 上記Li8M、 M o6S8−アで表わされる化合物
は、Mo6S8−7が作る三次元骨格の中をL1+イオ
ンが自由に出入りする。この際結晶格子内におけるLi
+イオンの移動に必要なエネルギーは非常に小さく、し
たがってT極表面でのリチウムイオンの溶解析出反応も
極めて優れたものとなる。このため、リチウムの溶解析
出に際し電極表面におけるリチウムの針状結晶が成長し
にくくなる。以上の作用により上記化合物は、電極とし
ての可逆性が優れ、これを負極として用いた電気化学セ
ル例えば二次電池では、充放電の繰り返しによる容量低
下も非常に小さいものとなる。
Function: In the compounds represented by Li8M and Mo6S8-a, L1+ ions freely move in and out of the three-dimensional skeleton formed by Mo6S8-7. At this time, Li in the crystal lattice
The energy required for the movement of + ions is very small, and therefore the dissolution and precipitation reaction of lithium ions on the T-electrode surface is also extremely excellent. This makes it difficult for needle-like crystals of lithium to grow on the electrode surface during dissolution precipitation of lithium. Due to the above effects, the above compound has excellent reversibility as an electrode, and in an electrochemical cell such as a secondary battery using this compound as a negative electrode, the capacity decrease due to repeated charging and discharging is extremely small.

実施例 第1図は本発明の一実施例の電気化学装置の断面図であ
る。1は正極であり二次電池として用いる場合具体的に
は、例えばT i 82 、 Nb S2 、 Mo 
S 2 。
Embodiment FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an electrochemical device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a positive electrode, and when used as a secondary battery, specifically, for example, T i 82 , Nb S2 , Mo
S2.

MnO2等の遷移金属の硫化物や硫化物や酸化物、また
は高表面積のカーボン等の電極を用いる。2はリチウム
イオン導電性電解質であり、Llr。
An electrode made of sulfide, sulfide or oxide of a transition metal such as MnO2, or carbon with a high surface area is used. 2 is a lithium ion conductive electrolyte, Llr.

L L r+AL203 、 L L 48104−L
 l 3PO4%(D固体電解質や、プロピレンカーボ
ネイトに過塩素酸リチウムLLC104(1mop/l
)を溶解させた電解液等が用いられる。3はL ixM
zMo6 s8−アで表わされる負極である。4および
6は集電体であり、ステンレススチール、グラファイト
や貴金属など電気化学的に不活性な物質を用い、それぞ
れ正極及び負極の中にネット状の形で埋め込まれている
L L r+AL203, L L 48104-L
l 3PO4% (D solid electrolyte, propylene carbonate with lithium perchlorate LLC104 (1 mop/l)
) is used. 3 is LixM
The negative electrode is represented by zMo6 s8-a. Current collectors 4 and 6 are made of electrochemically inactive materials such as stainless steel, graphite, and precious metals, and are embedded in the positive and negative electrodes in the form of a net, respectively.

6は密封ケースである。6 is a sealed case.

以上が単セルの構成であり、出力電圧は約2.8(V)
程度であり、必要な電圧を得るためには、複数の単セル
を導電性接着剤等、公知の手段で直列に接続すればよい
The above is the configuration of a single cell, and the output voltage is approximately 2.8 (V)
In order to obtain the necessary voltage, a plurality of single cells may be connected in series using a known means such as a conductive adhesive.

次に化合物L LxM2Mo6S8−アの作製方法を説
明する。
Next, a method for producing the compound L LxM2Mo6S8-a will be explained.

まず始め、M2 S 、MOS2 、 Moの粉末を所
定量混合、プレス成型した後、石英ガラス管に真空封入
し、これを400℃で12時間、次いで1oOo℃で2
4時間加熱し、M、Mo6S8−アを作製する。つぎに
上記M、Mo6S8−アとLi板を、プロピレンカーボ
ネイトにLiclo4(1mop/l)を溶解した電解
液を用い、電解液中で一定電流を流すかあるいはM、M
o6S8−アとLi板とを電気的に短絡することにより
、M2Mo6s8−7中にLi+をインターカレートシ
、L t、MzMo6S8.を作製する。
First, a predetermined amount of M2S, MOS2, and Mo powders were mixed and press-molded, then vacuum sealed in a quartz glass tube, heated at 400°C for 12 hours, and then heated at 100°C for 2 hours.
Heat for 4 hours to produce M, Mo6S8-a. Next, the above M, Mo6S8-A and the Li plate are subjected to an electrolytic solution in which Licro4 (1 mop/l) is dissolved in propylene carbonate, and a constant current is passed through the electrolytic solution or M, M
By electrically short-circuiting o6S8-A and the Li plate, Li+ is intercalated into M2Mo6s8-7, L t, MzMo6S8. Create.

以下、上記可逆性リチウム電極を二次電池の負極に適用
した例を説明する。
Hereinafter, an example in which the above reversible lithium electrode is applied to a negative electrode of a secondary battery will be described.

〔実施例1〕 正極としては、T目〜 (200■)の直径10鵡の円
盤を用いた。負極としてL t 6Cu 2Mo6S8
(2oomq)の直径10mの円盤を用い、電解質には
プロピレンカーボネイトにLiCLiCl04(1/l
)を溶解したものを用い、電池Aを作製した。比較例と
して負極に金属リチウム(2oOη)の直径10rE!
Rの円盤を用いた以外は電池Aと同一構成のものを電池
Bとする。
[Example 1] As a positive electrode, a disk with a diameter of 10 mm and T-th (200 square meters) was used. L t 6Cu 2Mo6S8 as negative electrode
A disk with a diameter of 10 m (2oomq) was used, and the electrolyte was propylene carbonate and LiCLiCl04 (1/l
) was used to prepare battery A. As a comparative example, metal lithium (2oOη) with a diameter of 10rE was used as the negative electrode.
Battery B has the same configuration as battery A except that R disks are used.

第2図は、上記電池を1 mA/crIiの電流密度で
1時間の充放電サイクルを繰り返し行った時の各サイク
ルにおける放電終了時の閉路電圧を示したものであり、
横軸は充放電のサイクル数を示している。この図を見る
と分かるように、電池Aは比較例の電池Bに較び充放電
サイクルを行った時の容量低下が著しく少なくなってい
る。
FIG. 2 shows the closed circuit voltage at the end of discharge in each cycle when the battery was repeatedly charged and discharged for 1 hour at a current density of 1 mA/crIi,
The horizontal axis indicates the number of charge/discharge cycles. As can be seen from this figure, battery A exhibits significantly less capacity loss during charge/discharge cycles than battery B of the comparative example.

〔実施例2〕 次に上記可逆性リチウム電極となる化合物を二次電池の
正極および負極の双方に用いた実施例を示す。電解質に
はL143104−Li3PO4(200■)を用いた
。正極および負極として、Lt2Cu4Mo6S8(2
00+19)と前記固体電解質(3oorIli)との
混合物を用いた。上記材料を正極、電解質、負極の順で
3 ton/cJのプレス圧で一体成型し、第1図に示
す構成の直径10+mのセルを作製した。このセルに対
して予め1oOμA/caの電流密度で充電を行い、上
記化合物L12Cu4M06S8が、正極ではCu4M
o6S8に、また負極ではL14Cu4MO6S8にな
るようにし、電池Cを作製した。比較例として正極をT
i52(200■)と前記固体電解質(300■)の混
合物または負極を金属Li(200■)直径1o■の円
盤で置き換えたものを電池りとする。
[Example 2] Next, an example will be shown in which the compound serving as the reversible lithium electrode was used for both the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a secondary battery. L143104-Li3PO4 (200μ) was used as the electrolyte. Lt2Cu4Mo6S8 (2
A mixture of 00+19) and the solid electrolyte (3oorIli) was used. The above materials were integrally molded into a positive electrode, an electrolyte, and a negative electrode in this order at a press pressure of 3 ton/cJ to produce a cell having a diameter of 10+ m and having the configuration shown in FIG. 1. This cell was charged in advance at a current density of 1oOμA/ca, and the above compound L12Cu4M06S8 was charged to Cu4M at the positive electrode.
o6S8, and the negative electrode was L14Cu4MO6S8 to produce a battery C. As a comparative example, the positive electrode was
A battery is made of a mixture of i52 (200 sq.) and the solid electrolyte (300 sq.) or a battery in which the negative electrode is replaced with a disk of metal Li (200 sq.) having a diameter of 10 sq.

これらの電池を10oμA/caの電流密度で1時間の
充放電サイクルを行った時の、放電直後の電池電圧とサ
イクル数との関係を示したものが第3図である。この図
を見ると分かるように、本実施例の電池は比較例に較べ
、サイクル数の増化に伴う電池電圧の低下のきわめて小
さいサイクル寿命に優れた電池容量の著しく大きいもの
であるといえる。
FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the battery voltage immediately after discharge and the number of cycles when these batteries were charged and discharged for 1 hour at a current density of 10 μA/ca. As can be seen from this figure, the battery of the present example can be said to have an excellent cycle life and a significantly larger battery capacity, with a very small drop in battery voltage as the number of cycles increases, compared to the comparative example.

〔実施例3〕 実施例1では負極としてLl、Cu2Mo6S8を用い
た電池Aを作製した。そこで本実施例3では社記化合物
中CuをAIに置き換えた化合物Li6A12M06S
8を負極材料として用い、それ以外は電池Aと同一構成
のものを作製、これを電池Eとする。
[Example 3] In Example 1, a battery A was produced using Ll and Cu2Mo6S8 as the negative electrode. Therefore, in this Example 3, a compound Li6A12M06S in which Cu in the listed compound was replaced with AI was used.
A battery E was prepared using No. 8 as the negative electrode material, but otherwise having the same configuration as the battery A.

この電池Eに対し実施例1と同様1mA/crAの電流
密度で1時間の充放電サイクルを行った。第2図を見る
と分かるように、1o00サイクル目における初期電圧
からの電圧降下量は電池Aではo、5(V)であったが
、電池Eにおいてもほぼ同様0.31(V)であった。
This battery E was subjected to a charge/discharge cycle for 1 hour at a current density of 1 mA/crA in the same manner as in Example 1. As can be seen from Figure 2, the voltage drop from the initial voltage at the 1000th cycle was o, 5 (V) for battery A, but it was almost the same for battery E, 0.31 (V). Ta.

つまシ、電池Aと同様電池Eも優れた特性を示すと言え
る。
It can be said that, like Battery A, Battery E also exhibits excellent characteristics.

以下、実施例4−8において、L t6M2Mo6S8
で表わされる化合物のMとして、Zn、Cd、In。
Hereinafter, in Example 4-8, L t6M2Mo6S8
M of the compound represented by Zn, Cd, In.

Sn、Pbを負極とする電池を作製、実施例3と同−余
件で1000サイクル目における電圧降下量を測定した
。その結果を表1に示す。これを見ると分かるように、
各実施例の電池は電池Aと同じくサイクル特性に優れた
ものであると言える。
A battery using Sn and Pb as the negative electrode was prepared, and the voltage drop at the 1000th cycle was measured in the same manner as in Example 3. The results are shown in Table 1. As you can see,
It can be said that the batteries of each example have excellent cycle characteristics like battery A.

表   1 なお上記実施例ではL i z Mz Mo68Bで表
わされる化合物において、MがCu、Al、Zn、Cd
、In。
Table 1 In the above example, in the compound represented by L i z Mz Mo68B, M is Cu, Al, Zn, Cd
, In.

Sn、Pbを用いた例を示した。しかし、Liイオンが
MOS 8B−アのつくる3次元骨格中を移動すること
により上記化合物は全て、可逆的にリチウムがインター
カレートするため、上記化合物中のCuが、特許請求の
範囲第1項に記載したM中の他の元素であっても、同様
に機能することは言うまでもない。
An example using Sn and Pb was shown. However, in all of the above compounds, lithium intercalates reversibly as Li ions move through the three-dimensional skeleton created by MOS 8B-A, so Cu in the above compounds is It goes without saying that other elements in M described in 1 can function in the same manner.

発明の効果 以上のように、本発明の電気化学装置は、放電分極が小
さく、長寿命の二次電池等の電気化学装置の実現を可能
にするものである。
Effects of the Invention As described above, the electrochemical device of the present invention makes it possible to realize an electrochemical device such as a secondary battery with small discharge polarization and long life.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明の電気化学装置の断面図、第2図−鼻会
1蕃丈母および第3図はその特性図である。 1・・・・・・正極、2・・・・・・電解質、3・・・
・・・負極、4・・・・・・正極集電体、6・・・・・
・負極集電体、e・・・・・・密封ケース。 代理人の氏名 弁理士 中 尾 敏 男 ほか1名第1
図 A−芙j!例 LisCuzMobSaナイクA/lk
(回) c ・−xi例 CLL4Mo6Ss/LtaCurt
Mo6S;ItO−C鮫例 Ti52/Lt 第 3 図 サイクL歓 (rB)
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the electrochemical device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the electrochemical device, FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram thereof, and FIG. 1... Positive electrode, 2... Electrolyte, 3...
...Negative electrode, 4...Positive electrode current collector, 6...
・Negative electrode current collector, e... Sealed case. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
Figure A-Fuj! Example LisCuzMobSa Naik A/lk
(times) c ・-xi example CLL4Mo6Ss/LtaCurt
Mo6S; ItO-C shark example Ti52/Lt Figure 3 Cycle L Huan (rB)

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)Li_xM_zMo_6S_8_−_y(MはN
a、Mg、Al、Ca、Sc、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni
、Cu、Zn、Ga、Sr、Y、AgCd、In、Sn
、Ba、La、Tl、Pbより選ぶ元素、0<x<13
、0≦y≦0.5、0≦z≦4)で表わされる化合物よ
りなる電極を構成要素とする電気化学セル。
(1) Li_xM_zMo_6S_8_-_y (M is N
a, Mg, Al, Ca, Sc, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni
, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sr, Y, AgCd, In, Sn
, an element selected from Ba, La, Tl, Pb, 0<x<13
, 0≦y≦0.5, 0≦z≦4).
(2)電極を正極または負極の少なくとも一方に用いる
ことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項記載の電気化学
セル。
(2) The electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is used as at least one of a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
JP62076902A 1987-03-30 1987-03-30 Electrochemical cell Expired - Fee Related JPH0821381B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62076902A JPH0821381B2 (en) 1987-03-30 1987-03-30 Electrochemical cell

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62076902A JPH0821381B2 (en) 1987-03-30 1987-03-30 Electrochemical cell

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63241864A true JPS63241864A (en) 1988-10-07
JPH0821381B2 JPH0821381B2 (en) 1996-03-04

Family

ID=13618594

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP62076902A Expired - Fee Related JPH0821381B2 (en) 1987-03-30 1987-03-30 Electrochemical cell

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0821381B2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105247715A (en) * 2013-07-30 2016-01-13 株式会社Lg化学 Negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary battery
JP2017041434A (en) * 2015-06-05 2017-02-23 ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツングRobert Bosch Gmbh Cathode material for lithium sulfur cell

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105247715A (en) * 2013-07-30 2016-01-13 株式会社Lg化学 Negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary battery
JP2016518012A (en) * 2013-07-30 2016-06-20 エルジー・ケム・リミテッド Positive electrode mixture for secondary battery containing irreversible additive
US10218002B2 (en) 2013-07-30 2019-02-26 Lg Chem, Ltd. Positive electrode mix for secondary batteries including irreversible additive
JP2017041434A (en) * 2015-06-05 2017-02-23 ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツングRobert Bosch Gmbh Cathode material for lithium sulfur cell

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