JPS6289438A - Interruption preventing type feeder - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field Related to the Invention The present invention relates to a power supply device having a transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the power supply device supplying power to a storage battery to the secondary winding. A rectifier circuit is connected, and the AC voltage source that supplies the load can be connected to the primary winding and the load via a switch, and in the event of a voltage cut-off in the event of an AC voltage source failure, the load can be connected to the load via a transformer using a storage battery. When power is supplied, the AC type 1-pressure source is cut off from the primary winding and load by a switch,
The present invention relates to an interruption-preventing VI power supply device in which a control device controls the power flowing from a storage battery to a load.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Interruption-proof power supply bag devices of this type are known. For example, German Patent Application No. 1 803 221 describes an uninterruptible power supply device in which a storage battery supplies direct current in the event of a power failure. This DC box,
The current is converted into an alternating current by an AC converter or inverter, and this alternating current is applied to the load via a transformer.

In the other direction, usually via a DC/AC converter, the accumulator is charged with power transferred from the power supply via a transformer. A switch is provided which then applies an alternating voltage to the load. As soon as the alternating current voltage falls below a predetermined threshold, a switch breaks the connection between the power source and the load.

A similar interrupt-proof power supply is known from the 22nd issue of Trotechnik, November 26, 1984, in which a 4-quadrant operating standstill is immediately removed from the voltage of the accumulator in the event of a power failure. An alternating current voltage is generated by means of a power converter, which consists of a diode bridge circuit, each of the diodes having one
Two transistors are connected in parallel. In order to generate the alternating current voltage, the transistors are pulse-width-modulated controlled by a control device with a high clock frequency.

Purpose of the Invention The Section of the Invention 41. In the event of an AC voltage cutoff (power outage, power supply failure), automatic switching between 1] and 111 will be performed. Accordingly, AC 1 space,
When the voltage is cut off from the load (the load is supplied with -C power by one storage battery with the same input phase angle of 7L, practical -1 - not possible, interruption prevention is 7L), this power supply device is used. It is about providing. Furthermore, in the present invention, the power supply device 1: 7114
The objectives of 1.j are to reduce the cost of the sub-circuit, to enable it to be manufactured at low cost, and to take up less space.

Structure of the invention: ノ+8 The purpose is that this>jF, clearly, 1, if the transformer has 11111n111 windings, and iti control winding! till Iil signal can be added, and this control signal V) can control the degree of coupling between the primary winding and the secondary winding of the device, and the discount 1 device can control the control signal Compare the set value with the actual value of the storage battery voltage.
5i'', depending on the result of the comparison between the set value and the actual value of the alternating current R'l, which is negative Wr by j)+1, is solved by means of an interruption-proof power supply.

Example Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail using the drawings.

The uninterrupted power supply device of the present invention is mainly used for control winding! 2
a transformer 1 having a secondary winding 3 and a primary winding 4; a rectifier circuit 5 connected between the secondary winding 3 and a storage battery 6;
The switch 1 consists of a switch 11 and a control device 15.
1 connects an alternating current voltage source or power source 13.1'4 to the load 12 and the primary winding 4, and a control device 15 generates a control signal in line with the control winding 2 and controls the rectifier circuit 5. Generates Nodame's Tarokku signal.

In normal operation, the load 12 is supplied with an AC voltage of, for example, 220 V from the power supply 13.14 via the switch 11 L2. At the same time, an alternating current voltage of 220 V is applied to the 11th winding of the transformer 1 through the switch 11 and through the 91st winding to the control winding 2 under the control of the jji control signal applied to the control winding 2. It is transmitted to the next winding 3. In this case, in a manner known per se, the coupling coefficient of the transformer 1 varies between D and 1 as a function of the magnitude 5 of the control bow acting on the control winding 2. A'l f'! l-',: ft111i1ll
It1ShijNitsui-Cld, later details (-(d9 merge.iE confirmed(・'r, the primary winding w4 and the secondary winding 30
The coupling between 34 and 34 changes depending on the magnitude of the control current applied to the control winding 2 due to partial saturation of the circuit conducting the magnetic flux. Make it bigger as it gets bigger.

The alternating current d flowing through the secondary winding 3 is rectified by a rectifier circuit, preferably a bridge rectifier consisting of diodes 7 to 10, and is supplied to an accumulator 6 3, which is in particular the accumulator.

Is it always full to its maximum value under normal conditions? is coded. For example, during one half-wave of the alternating current flowing through the secondary winding 3, an 'i' current flows via the diodes B and 9 to the accumulator 6. This half-wave frequency 1111
In between, diodes 7 and 10t are turned off. The direction of current flow is indicated by arrow 22. (During the 12th half-wave, diodes 9 and 8 are cut off, and the current flows into the storage battery as shown by arrow 23 via diodes 7 and 10.

As shown in the figure, each diode 7 to 10 has an electronic switch,
Transistors 18 to 21 are preferably connected in parallel. Transistors 18-21 are advantageously bipolar]
- A transistor, which is controlled in accordance with the current flow 22, 23 by a clock signal, which clock signal is generated by a clock generator 35 of the control logic circuit 16, which is synchronized by an alternating voltage. Correspondingly, at t2, while the output light flows in the direction of arrow 22, transistors 19 and 20 are switched into conduction, so that diodes 8 and 9 are bridged.

At the same time, at this time g, the diode T which is cut off and the transistors 18 and 2 connected in parallel to 1[1]
1 is blocked. While current flows in the direction of arrow 23, transistors 18 and .

21 is conductive and transistors 19 and 20 are cut off.
Ill. The clock signal of the clock generator 35 is then generated in synchronization with the alternating current voltage of the power supply 13, 14 and continues to be generated continuously even after the power supply is switched off. AC type Lf:, is the terminal 13^ to the control logic circuit 16.

14a. Advantageously a tarok generator 3
5 is equipped with a counter in a known manner, and each time the AC voltage passes through the zero point, the counter increments di. In this case, the clock signal is applied to the transistors 18 to 21 at a predetermined count value, that is, at a predetermined count value. Occurs at the same time. The zero crossing of the alternating voltage is advantageously detected by means of a monostable multipipe rake generating a corresponding trigger signal.For 1° control, transistors 18-210 and control electrodes 18a-21
a is connected to the clock generator 35 of the control logic circuit 16.

When the power is turned off, the direction of energy flow is automatically and continuously reversed as follows. Eli also has storage battery 6
Current flows into the secondary winding 3 through transistors 18-21'& which are clocked in the manner described in 1.

In detail, current flows from the storage battery 4 into the secondary winding 3 during one half period via the L transistors 19 and 20, for example. Next, current flows into the secondary winding 3 via the transistors 18 and 21 during the other half cycle 1tllO. In this way, when the power is cut off at 12, the square wave from the storage battery 6 flows into the secondary winding 3 via the voltage registers 19 and 20 [718 and 21], and is transmitted from there to the primary winding. Regarding the state, it corresponds exactly to the corresponding half-period of the alternating current without current flow.

Although the effective value of the square wave is clearly lower than the rated value of the power supply voltage (220 V effective value), the peak value of the square wave corresponds to the power supply voltage accurately enough, so that it is connected to the primary winding 4. For the load 12, no abnormal effect is exerted by the circuit Ell in which the power supply failure occurs. In the next cycle, the control circuit 15 switches to AC voltage and pressure effective value (22, OV effective value) by controlling the control winding 2. The control winding 2 is continuously connected to the load 12 via the 11th winding 4 in order to change the coupling coefficient of the transformer 1.
It is controlled so that an effective value of 20 .mu.m is supplied.

Before describing the control logic circuit 15, it should be noted that the switch 11 switches to disconnect the 11 source 13, 14 from the load 12 and the primary winding 4 upon a power failure. As a result, the load 12 is connected only to the primary winding 4. This is necessary because a broken current Nj13,14 may act as a short circuit. The actuation of the cut-off switch 11 takes place via the line 24 by the control logic circuit 16.

, for this purpose the control logic circuit 12 preferably comprises, for example, 1.
A retriggerable monostable multivibrator 37 with a metastable time of 1 ms is provided. When this monostable multivibrator 37 is no longer triggered by a zero crossing of the alternating voltage, the switch 11 is actuated.

The control device fh' 15 operates as follows. Via a line 25 connected to the rectifier circuit 5, an actual value corresponding to the voltage of the accumulator 6 is applied to the control logic circuit 16. The actual value corresponding to the alternating voltage is applied to the control logic circuit 16 via an input terminal 12a. In addition, a set value for the electric power to be generated from the storage battery 6 is input to the control logic circuit 16 .

A DC voltage signal corresponding to the set value of the control logic circuit 16
It is not applied to the output side 26 or the input side of the comparator 27. At the other input of the comparator 127 or at the output 28 of the control logic circuit 16, a voltage signal corresponding to the actual value is applied. Depending on the direction in which the device according to the invention is operated, this actual value is generated from the actual value of the battery voltage of the line 25'' or from the actual value of the load alternating current voltage at the terminal 12a. In other words, when charging the storage battery 6, the coupling coefficient of the transformer 1 is determined depending on the actual value representing the storage battery voltage, and when the power is turned off, it depends on the actual value representing the load/AC voltage (determined by -). The actual value generated at 28 has a ripple component of about 1% or less, whether it is supplied from the storage battery 1 side or from the load side.This ripple component is used to perform pulse width modulation. , with a constant setting value applied to the output side 26. This point will be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 2A to 2C.

In FIG. 2A, the half-wave applied to the bridge rectifier at the end of the battery charging process is indicated at 40.

Will it be sent out on track 25? The tj pressure is actually applied to the input terminal 28 of the comparator 27 (as 111, and determined by the state of charge of the battery and the peak value of the half-wave applied to the bridge rectifier 1). This space, the river, has a shape of approximately 1 depending on the state of charge of the storage battery 41L.
It has a ripple component of

FIG. 213 shows the setting j1fL 42h and the curve 41.

1'1, output side 2 of comparator 27 according to Fig. 2C.
A rectangular pulse is generated at 9 and 12, and the width of each of the rectangular pulses is determined by the length of time during which the peak value of the curve 41 exceeds the set value 42 in FIG. 213. The pulse width increases as the amplitude of the peak value (ripple component) of the curve 41 increases. .

Advantageously, this variable-pulse-width control signal is applied to the output 29 of the comparator 27 by a square-wave signal with a variable pulse width. When the transistors 32 and 33 are controlled by 3, which is applied to the control electrodes of the transistors 32 and 33 through the transistors 30 and 31, the current from the source U flows through the transistors 32 and 33, and the control is performed. It reaches ground via winding 2. When zero voltage and voltage are applied to the output side 29 of the comparator 2γ, the transistors 30 to 33 are cut off. Via the flywheel diode 34, which is known per se, the inductance of the control winding 2 is then demagnetized against the action of the auxiliary chamber Ft-, TJ. Which mode of operation ensures symmetrical characteristics for tit, Mi) increases and current decreases. This is because the same driving electromagnetic force is applied for both operations. The average value generated in the control winding 6 is determined when the operating point of the control circuit is a square wave t1. It is set in accordance with requirement 1'l- that the average value of rL should be exceeded. transformer 1
The coupling coefficient of decreases in the region between 0 and 1 and increases in the opposite case when the pulse width of the rectangular pulse (FIG. 2C) increases, ie when charging the accumulator.

When power is supplied from the load 12 storage 'F) f battery, comparator 2
7, a process corresponding to FIGS. 2A to 2C is carried out, but the curve 41 corresponds to the ripple component of the voltage 3,
This voltage is generated from the alternating voltage applied to the load by rectification 4 and smoothing without effective value detection. , the load cut-off switch 11 has the form of an electronic switch shown in FIG. 6, for example. Diode bridge 45 is connected in front of power supply terminal 13. parallel branch transistor 4
4 causes current to flow in the direction of arrow 46 and arrow 47 depending on the half wave of alternating current. Transistor 44 immediately when the power is cut off.
is cut off, no current can flow through the diode bridge 45, and the 'rlf current is cut off from the primary winding 4 and the load 12. Control of the control electrode 1j of the transistor 44 takes place, for example, via the above-mentioned re-triggerable monostable multibip rotor.

It is advantageous if the resistors 18 to 21 are controlled during the charging process around the θ value of the sinusoidal alternating voltage. . Due to the stiffness, a slight external AC load on the battery 6 can be achieved.

Instead of the bridge rectifier circuit 50, another rectifier bIL circuit, for example a full-wave rectifier, may be provided.

FIG. 4 shows an advantageous circuit embodiment for the control logic circuit of FIG. This circuit uses control signals 118-12
1 is sent to the power semiconductors in the DC/AC exchange bridge and inverter bridge (transistors 18 to 21 in Figure 1), detects power failure, and creates a control feedback loop from the DC circuit to the AC circuit. Switch. When power is restored, switching back to the original position occurs.

Clock generator 135 generates a clock frequency several times 5 Q Hz. This signal is supplied as a clock signal to a ring counter 122, the maximum count of which corresponds to the above-mentioned multiple. A group of upper bits of the counter output signal is set to a corresponding number of ANI) gates 1
In other words, the A and ND gates form a window discriminator, and the number of months supplied to the other input terminal is only in a predetermined phase region of the divisor cycle. be allowed to pass. In this Ω phase region 330-3600, synchronization with the power supply frequency is performed by the output signal of 124, which will be described later. This circuit is a P″t, L-type device. When the synchronization signal is missing, the control of the inverter synchronizer is finally taken off.
1-5 Q Hz corresponding to the phasing of the zero passage of the source voltage
The line continues to turn left and right.

Drive tool Nino l-125? (〕;For the final stage of force]), the transistor switch module is controlled by 11' single contact, and the counter 1
22 output signal is operated through the AliD game 1-126.

, a transformer 127 followed by a full-wave rectifier 128 and a threshold discriminator 129 are used to generate a square wave voltage from the fault signals 13', 14', which square wave voltage is The same 1tll signal for counter 122 is generated. A rising edge at the zero crossing is then detected using a differentiator 130, which in this case sends the output double the value to the AND gate 1124, which uses this signal to The output pulse of the discriminator 129 that occurs during the passage of

The output signal of the rectifier 128 reaches a changeover switch 131, which is in the "fixed pulse width" position. At st, this signal is passed through another changeover switch 132 (which reaches the corresponding position when the power is cut off) to the operational amplifier or comparator 27.
(Figure 1). As a result, the signal is at a constant signal level ' of the non-inverting input 1+111 of the comparator 27.
ref, and if this level and the occurring supply voltage are exceeded, the accumulator, 6, is charged for the crest value.

The transistor switch module 5 is therefore activated only around the peak value of the sinusoidal voltage during charging operation. This allows the AC load on the buffer storage battery to be reduced.

Is the orderly charging of the power storage Q possible at other positions of the changeover switch 131? At this position, the accumulator voltage "°1'" is supplied to the operational amplifier 27 and compared with the constant voltage ■Jr e f, and the result is rA
The adjustment is started using a "ripple component".

Discriminator against power failure and [2 re-trigger il + J function metastable gate 11 mS +11 stable multivibrator 1
33 is used. This multi-bi flake is circuit 12
9 is no longer triggered by the zero-crossing signal on the output side, the regulation feedback path changes from the DC side to the AC side, and the total phase range of 18o0 in each half-wave for the inverter becomes Freed for transistor control.

This switching is carried out by a switch 132, which in this case supplies the load current rl:L, gently smoothed using a filter element 134, to the inverting input of the operational amplifier 27. For interruption-proof power supply systems, it is particularly advantageous to use a converter of the design described in DE 34 23 160 A1.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The essential advantages of the present invention are: 6. Uninterrupted supply? When the IA device is normal, the load is 1r↓ connected, power is supplied from the source, and the storage battery is F1. In the case of a power failure, the power is immediately cut off and the load is automatically supplied by the storage battery via the transformer in inverter operation. It's about making it possible to do it. It is advantageous to cut off the power supply lα immediately, since a switched-off (deactivated due to a fault) power supply may act as a short circuit. The anti-interruption parallel current device of the present invention has a simple structure and can therefore be realized advantageously in terms of cost. In particular, the control device used for the power supply and electrical equipment of the present invention is a very simple handle end. Advantageously, in normal operation, inverter losses and rectifier 414 are significantly reduced. Therefore, compared to conventional devices, the release of lost heat is not so much of a problem, and the cost is high.

In a preferred embodiment, a bridge rectifier with diodes or a bidirectional rectifier is used as the rectifier circuit.

The embodiment according to claim 3 is advantageous because, in the event of a power failure, energy automatically and quickly flows from the accumulator to the secondary winding of the transformer via the electronic switch.

According to the embodiment described in claim 5, the AC load on the storage battery can be made extremely small.

Claims 6, 7, and 8 make it possible to ensure symmetrical characteristics with respect to current increase and current decrease in the upstream and control windings. By obtaining a clock signal for controlling Wil of the electronic switch connected in parallel to the diode of the rectifier by the configuration described in item 9, the electronic switch continues to be clock-controlled in an appropriate manner when the power is cut off.

It is advantageous to use the arrangement according to claim 10 for detecting alternating current voltage interruptions.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of the interrupt prevention device 7 of the present invention, Figure 2A, Figure 2F3, and Figure 2C are waveform diagrams used for control signal generation, Figure 3. The figure is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of an L-power cutoff switch without a load, and FIG. 4 is a detailed circuit diagram of the control logic circuit of FIG. 1. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Transformer, 2... Control winding, 5 Rectifier circuit, 6
・Storage battery, 12・Load, 11・Shutoff switch, 16・
...Control logic circuit, 27.Comparator, 34.Flywheel diode, 35,135..Clock generator, 37..Re] - Triggerable monostable multivibrator 1.1...・Auxiliary voltage source C) 1-(r)++r

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A power supply device having a transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the rectifier circuit for supplying power to a storage battery is connected to the secondary winding, and the rectifier circuit is connected to the secondary winding to supply power to a storage battery. The AC voltage source to supply power can be connected to the primary winding and the load via a switch, and in the event of a voltage cut-off in the event of a failure of the AC voltage source, the load can be powered by a storage battery via the transformer. In an uninterruptible power supply system, in which the alternating current voltage source is disconnected from the primary winding and the load by a switch, and a control device then controls the power flowing from the storage battery to the load, the transformer has a control winding. , a control signal can be applied to the control winding, and the control signal can control the degree of coupling between the primary and secondary windings of the transformer, and the control device can apply the control signal to the set value. An uninterruptible power supply device characterized in that the occurrence depends on the result of a comparison between the current value and an actual value representing a storage battery voltage, or a comparison result between a set value and an actual value representing an alternating current voltage applied to a load. 2. The interruption prevention type power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the rectifier circuit is a bridge rectifier having diodes. 3. An electronic switch is connected in parallel to each diode, and the electronic switch is controlled by a clock signal generated by a clock generator in synchronization with the frequency of the alternating voltage, and the control arrangement is currently conducting. Claim 2 is characterized in that the electronic switch connected in parallel to the diode conducts during the corresponding half-wave and the electronic switch connected in parallel to the diode which is not currently conducting is switched off. uninterruptible power supply device. 4. The interruption prevention type power supply device according to claim 3, wherein a transistor is provided as the electronic switch. 5. An uninterruptible power supply device according to claim 3, wherein the corresponding electronic switch is electrically connected only in the region of the peak value of the alternating voltage during the charging process. 6. The control device is equipped with a comparator, one input of which can be applied with a voltage corresponding to a set value, and the other input with a voltage corresponding to an actual value, 6. The uninterruptible power supply device according to claim 1, wherein a signal pulse width modulated by a ripple component of the actual value appears as a control signal on the output side of the comparator. 7. Any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the current of the auxiliary voltage source is sent through the control winding via the transistor circuit when one pulse of the control signal is applied. Uninterruptible power supply device as described. 8. A flywheel diode is provided, which flywheel diode demagnetizes the inductance of the control winding via the auxiliary voltage of the auxiliary voltage source when the control signal has a value of zero. Uninterruptible power supply device. 9. The control device is equipped with a clock generator for generating a clock signal synchronized with the alternating current voltage, and the clock generator has a counter, and the counter is started every time the alternating voltage passes the zero point. The interruption prevention type power supply device according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein the clock signal is generated at an appropriate time even when the power is cut off, when a predetermined count value is reached. 10. The control device is equipped with a retriggerable monostable multivibrator that detects a power failure, and the retriggerable monostable multivibrator is triggered by the passage of the zero point of the alternating voltage, and the retriggerable monostable multivibrator is An uninterruptible power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the device has a metastable period that is longer than the period of time during which the power supply device operates.