JPH1169658A - Self-controlled optical generation regulating method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve safety with high efficiency, small size and light weight at low cost, by jointly using two of an electric dipole layer capacitor and a lead storage battery as a chemical cell having large electric storage capacity, and controlling an electric storage device so as to reduce the burden of the lead storage battery, in which performance is deteriorated by repeating charge and discharge, in the electric storage device. SOLUTION: A control circuit 212 detects the generated current and generated voltage of a solar cell 10, and charges power Ws generated in the solar cell 10 to an electric dipole layer capacitor 310. A control circuit 222 detects the quantity of charge Qe stored in the electric dipole layer capacitor 310 and the quantity of charge Qp stored in a lead storage battery 320, and a voltage regulation circuit 40 is supplied with power by the generated power Ws of the solar cell 10 and the discharge of the electric dipole layer capacitor 310. Output voltage is detected while a charge-discharge current is also monitored in the detection of the quantity of elecricity storage Qp in the lead storage battery 320. Accordingly, the generation efficiency of the system is improved, and the capacity of the solar cell can be miniaturized and the cost of the system reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control method for supplying power to a load, a power converter, and the like using only power generated by a solar cell or the like without being connected to another power source such as a commercial power system. And a system used directly for its implementation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of a conventional self-contained solar cell power generation system. The conventional device includes a solar cell 10, an overcharge protection circuit 20, a storage battery 30, a voltage stabilization circuit 40,
The overcharge protection circuit 20 includes a main circuit 21,
It comprises a control circuit 22.

The operation of the conventional device is as follows. The power generated by the solar cell 10 is supplied to the voltage stabilizing circuit 40 and the storage battery 30 via the overcharge protection circuit 20. The voltage stabilizing circuit 40 converts the input power into a desired voltage of the load 50 and supplies the load 50 with power. In addition, load 50
Is smaller than the power generated by the solar cell 10, the input voltage of the storage battery 30 increases, and the storage battery 30 is charged.

When the power consumption of the load 50 is larger than the power generated by the solar cell 10, the input voltage of the storage battery 30 decreases,
The storage battery 30 is discharged, and is used for power to be supplied to the load. Further, the overcharge protection circuit 20 detects the charge amount of the storage battery 30 and stops the supply of power from the solar cell 10 when the charge amount of the storage battery 30 exceeds the rated capacity.

[0005] By using the above configuration, the power generated by the solar cell 10 can be temporarily stored in the storage battery 30, and by discharging the power stored in the storage battery 30 at night or when there is little sunshine, Power can always be supplied to the load 50. Also, overcharging of the storage battery 30 can be prevented.

[0006]

In the self-contained solar cell power generation system of the conventional device, the function of the overcharge protection circuit 20 is only to prevent the overcharge of the storage battery 30, and the output voltage of the solar cell 10 is Is governed by the voltage of However, since the output voltage when the solar cell operates at the maximum efficiency changes depending on the solar radiation condition, the temperature condition, and the like, it is impossible to always operate the solar cell 10 at the maximum efficiency with the conventional configuration, and the system efficiency is reduced. There is a problem of lowering.

FIG. 5 shows operation waveforms of the self-standing solar cell power generation system of the conventional apparatus. In the self-contained solar cell power generation system of the conventional apparatus, when the generated power of the solar cell 10 is larger than the power consumption of the load 50, the difference is charged to the storage battery 30,
When the power generated by the solar cell 10 is smaller than the power consumption of the load 50, the shortage is covered by the discharge of the storage battery 30.
Therefore, the charge and discharge of the storage battery 30 are constantly repeated.

However, the performance of a chemical battery such as a lead-acid battery, which is conventionally mainly used as the storage battery 30, is degraded by repeated charging and discharging, and a desired storage characteristic can be obtained with thousands of charging and discharging times. Often disappears. Therefore,
There is a problem that maintenance such as replacement of batteries is required, and the operation cost of the system is increased. Also, when the power generated by the solar cell 10 changes rapidly due to short-period weather fluctuations, etc.,
A sudden change in the charging / discharging current is inevitable.

In addition, when a chemical battery such as a lead storage battery is rapidly charged / discharged, the charge / discharge efficiency is reduced, and heat may be generated in some cases, resulting in reduced efficiency of the system and lack of safety. Problems arise. In order to solve such a problem, in the conventional system, means for increasing the capacity of the mounted storage battery and reducing the ratio of the charge / discharge current per storage battery capacity is applied. Problems such as an increase in weight, an increase in size, and an increase in price arise.

Here, the main objects to be solved by the present invention are as follows. That is, the first object of the present invention is to
It is an object of the present invention to provide a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control method and system with high efficiency, small size, light weight, low cost and high safety.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control method and system that uses a power storage device with rapid repetitive charge / discharge deterioration and low charge / discharge loss in addition to a chemical battery in order to supplement the disadvantages of a chemical battery. Is to be provided.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a self-sustained photovoltaic power generation control method and system with optimal follow-up control for coping with a change in photoelectric power.

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control method and system which operate by repeating the selection and execution of three basic operation modes in which power supply conditions are defined.

Other objects of the present invention are as follows:
In particular, it will be obvious from the description of each claim in the claims.

[0015]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention comprises a solar cell as a photoelectric device and a power storage device as a power storage device, and the power generation capacity of the solar cell is reduced due to day / night changes or sudden changes in weather. In the control method and system for supplying power from the power storage device, when the power storage device is used in combination with an electric double layer capacitor capable of rapid charging and discharging and a lead storage battery which is a chemical battery having a large storage capacity, the weather suddenly changes. The electric double layer capacitor is subjected to rapid charge / discharge such as the above, and a control method for reducing the load on the lead storage battery whose performance is deteriorated by repeated charge / discharge is taken. As a result, the total system size, weight and cost are reduced. measure.

Therefore, in the present invention, a function of operating a power generation voltage and a power generation current of a solar cell is added to the solar cell by connecting a first converter as a first control conversion means in series with the solar cell. By doing so, control is performed so that the solar cell always operates at the maximum power generation efficiency. In addition, the output of the first converter is connected to a power storage device with little deterioration in power storage characteristics due to the number of times of charging / discharging of the electric double layer capacitor or the like and a small charge / discharge loss at the time of rapid charging / discharging as the first power storage device. It is responsible for charging and discharging caused by changes and sudden changes in weather.
In addition, when a second converter and a chemical battery with less self-discharge such as a lead storage battery are connected in series to the output of the first power storage device, and the amount of charge of the first power storage device decreases due to irregular weather or the like, Power is supplied from the second power storage device to the load.
Further, when the weather recovers, the amount of power generated by the solar battery increases, and the amount of power stored in the first power storage device increases, the second converter performs constant-current charging of the second power storage device.

More specifically, in order to solve the problem, the present invention adopts a novel characteristic configuration method and means ranging from a superordinate concept to a subordinate concept, which are enumerated below, to achieve the above object. To achieve.

That is, the first feature of the method of the present invention is that the power generated by the photoelectric means is temporarily stored so that the power is continuously and independently supplied to the load even when the irradiation light is weakened. By using two power storage means having different charging / discharging / storage characteristics, the load is charged by the other during discharge by one and the other is complemented by the power storage means. An object of the present invention is to adopt a configuration of a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control method in which the capacity of a power storage means is reduced and the durability is improved.

According to a second aspect of the method of the present invention, the photoelectric means in the first aspect of the method of the present invention is a self-supporting device comprising all elements for converting light energy into electric energy, such as a solar cell and a photocell. The present invention lies in the adoption of the configuration of the photovoltaic power generation control method.

A third feature of the method of the present invention is that two storage means having different charging / discharging / storage characteristics in the first or second feature of the method of the present invention, one of which has a small loss at the time of rapid charging / discharging. The first power storage means having a large number of allowable charge / discharge cycles and a small storage capacity is used. On the other hand, the loss at the time of rapid charge / discharge is large, and the number of allowable charge / discharge cycles and self-discharge are small.
The present invention resides in the configuration of a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control method that employs second power storage means having a large power storage capacity.

According to a fourth aspect of the method of the present invention, the first power storage means in the third aspect of the present invention always sets the power generation efficiency of the photoelectric means to the maximum and equals or exceeds the rated current value of the first power storage means. The present invention is configured to adopt a configuration of a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control method which is arranged and connected to the photoelectric device side via a first control conversion device having a current pump function for stopping supply of the photovoltaic device.

According to a fifth feature of the method of the present invention, the second power storage means in the third or fourth feature of the method of the present invention is connected to the output of the first control and conversion means, and The output of the second control conversion means having a current gate function for stopping supply of current when the output stop command value falls below the output stop command value and restarting the current supply when the output start command value is exceeded. The configuration of a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control method arranged and connected to

A sixth feature of the method of the present invention is that the output stop command value and the output start command value in the fifth feature of the method of the present invention maintain the condition of output stop command value <output start command value. The present invention resides in adopting a configuration of a self-supporting photovoltaic power generation control method.

A seventh feature of the method of the present invention is that maximization of the power generation efficiency of the photoelectric means by the first control conversion means in the fourth, fifth or sixth feature of the method of the present invention, An autonomous light that is achieved by detecting the input current and the generated power as the generated current, operating the input current according to the increase / decrease relationship between the input current and the generated power, and performing tracking control so that the generated power is maximized. It lies in the adoption of the configuration of the power generation control method.

An eighth feature of the method according to the present invention is that the stop of the current supply of the first control conversion means is performed after the amount of power stored in the first power storage means falls below the output stop command value. The present invention resides in adopting a configuration of a self-sustained photovoltaic power generation control method that is maintained for a period until a large output start command value is exceeded.

According to a ninth feature of the method of the present invention, the charging of the second power storage means in the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh or eighth feature of the method of the present invention is the same as that of the second method. In the case where the storage amount of the power storage means is larger than the rated capacity command value, the configuration of the self-sustained photovoltaic power generation control method of floating charging is employed.

A tenth feature of the method of the present invention is that the charging of the second power storage means in the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh or eighth feature of the method of the present invention is the same as that of the second method. In the case where the amount of power stored in the power storage means is smaller than the rated capacity command value, the configuration of the self-contained photovoltaic power generation control method that is constant current charging is employed.

According to an eleventh feature of the method of the present invention, when the second control conversion means is in an operation output state of current supply, load supply by the photoelectric means and the first power storage means and floating charging of the second power storage means are performed. Is performed, and an operation mode 2 in which load supply by the photoelectric device and the first power storage device and constant current charging of the second power storage device are performed, and the output of current supply is stopped. In operation mode 3, in which the second power storage means performs load power supply, the magnitude relationship between the output stop command value and the output start command value of the amount of power stored in the first power storage means and the second power storage A self-contained photovoltaic power generation control method is provided in which the selection of the operation mode 1, the operation mode 2, and the operation mode 3 is controlled by matching the magnitude relationship between the charged amount of the means and the rated capacity.

A twelfth feature of the method of the present invention is that, in the eleventh feature of the above-described method of the present invention, the selection and execution of the operation mode 1, the operation mode 2, and the operation mode 3 by the second control conversion means are performed at the beginning of the start. Step 1 (ST1) of selecting and executing the operation mode 3;
Power storage means (Qe)> output start command value (Q
2), it is always determined whether or not the operation mode is maintained. As long as the determination is no, the operation mode 3 is maintained. If the determination is yes, the process proceeds to the next step 3 (ST3).
2) and step 3 (ST3) for comparing and judging whether or not the storage amount (Qp) of the second power storage means> the rated capacity Qc of the second power storage means, and the step 3 (ST3)
Is YES, step 4 (ST4) for selecting and executing the operation mode 1 and step 3 (ST4)
If the determination in 3) is no, step 5 (ST5) of selectively executing the operation mode 2 and the amount of power (Qe) stored in the first power storage means in the state of the operation mode 1 or the operation mode 2 > The output stop command value (Q
1), it is always determined whether or not it is. As long as yes, the loop of the step 3 (ST3) and the operation mode 1 selection execution step 4 (ST4) or the operation mode 2 selection execution step 5 (ST5) is executed. Again,
If no, the operation mode 3 selection execution step 1 (S
Step 6 (ST6), which returns to T1), is to adopt a configuration of a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control method which is controlled so as to be stepped sequentially.

A thirteenth feature of the method of the present invention is that the fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth and eleventh aspects of the method of the present invention are described.
Alternatively, the first control conversion means and the second control conversion means in the twelfth aspect are configured to adopt a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control method which is a converter having a control function.

A fourteenth feature of the method of the present invention is that the method of the present invention is the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth or thirteenth. The first feature of the present invention resides in the adoption of a self-standing photovoltaic power generation control method in which the first power storage means is an electric double layer capacitor.

A fifteenth feature of the method of the present invention is that the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth aspects of the method of the present invention are described. Alternatively, the second power storage means in the fourteenth feature is in adopting a configuration of a self-supporting photovoltaic power generation control method in which a lead storage battery or a nickel cadmium battery for trickle use is used.

A first feature of the system according to the present invention is that a power storage device for temporarily storing the generated power of the photoelectric element group is connected to a power supply path connecting the photoelectric element group and a load by a charging / discharging branch to irradiate light. In a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system that continues to supply power to the load even when the power supply changes, two mutually complementary first and second power storage devices having different charging / discharging / storage characteristics are used as the power storage device. Each of them is connected through a separate one of the charge / discharge branches, while the photoelectric element group and the first
A first converter for controlling and converting the maximum power generation efficiency of the photoelectric element group and the current pump function for stopping the supply of current equal to or higher than the rated current of the first power storage device to the power supply path between the power storage devices. On the other hand, power supply to the power supply path between the first power storage device and the second power storage device is stopped or started under the respective setting conditions of the power storage amount of the first power storage device and the power storage amount of the second power storage device. The present invention is to adopt a configuration of a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system in which a second converter for controlling and converting a current gating function is inserted.

According to a second feature of the system of the present invention, the photoelectric device in the first feature of the system of the present invention includes all elements for converting light energy into electric energy, such as a solar cell and a photocell. It consists in adopting the configuration of a self-supporting photovoltaic power generation control system.

A third feature of the present invention system is that the first power storage device according to the first or second feature of the present invention system has a small loss during rapid charge and discharge, a large number of allowable charge and discharge cycles, An object of the present invention is to adopt a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system having charge / discharge characteristics with a small storage capacity.

A fourth feature of the system of the present invention is that the first power storage device according to the first, second or third feature of the present system is a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system in which the first power storage device is an electric double layer capacitor. In hiring.

A fifth feature of the system of the present invention is that the second power storage device according to the first, second, third or fourth feature of the present system has a large loss at the time of rapid charging and discharging, An object of the present invention is to adopt a configuration of a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system having a small number of discharge cycles and a small self-discharge, and having charge / discharge characteristics with a large storage capacity.

A sixth feature of the present invention system is that the second power storage device in the first, second, third, fourth or fifth feature of the present invention system is a lead storage battery or nickel cadmium for trickle use. The present invention resides in adoption of a configuration of a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system which is a battery.

A seventh feature of the system of the present invention is that the first converter according to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth or sixth feature of the present system is characterized in that the first converter generates the current generated by the photoelectric element group. An ammeter and a voltmeter that respectively detect the input current and the generated voltage, and a control circuit that performs an arithmetic process on an increase / decrease relationship between the input current and the integrated generated power to generate a control signal so that the generated power is maximized. , Input the control signal,
A self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system comprising a current pump circuit for slightly varying the input current and having a maximum power tracking control function for the photoelectric element group.

An eighth feature of the system of the present invention is that, when the control signal of the control circuit in the seventh feature of the present system is positive when the product of the increase or decrease of the generated current and the increase or decrease of the generated power at that time is positive. The present invention resides in the configuration of a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system which is a control signal for slightly increasing the current and, when the product is negative, slightly reducing the generated current.

A ninth feature of the present invention system is that the second converter in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh or eighth feature of the present invention system is as follows. An ammeter and a voltmeter for constantly detecting the charged amount of the first power storage device and the charged amount and the charging / discharging current of the second power storage device, and calculating and processing the detected and input charged amounts. ,
A control circuit for issuing a control signal based on each set condition corresponding to each of the operation modes 1 to 3; and a main circuit for inputting the control signal and operating to stop or start the power supply. 3 is to adopt a configuration of a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system having a function of developing the selection execution.

A tenth feature of the system of the present invention is that the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and sixth aspects of the system of the present invention are described.
The load according to the seventh, eighth, or ninth feature resides in adopting a configuration of a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system in which a voltage stabilizing circuit is connected in front.

An eleventh feature of the system of the present invention resides in that the current pump circuit according to the seventh, eighth, ninth or tenth feature of the system of the present invention comprises a step-up / step-down chopper or a step-up chopper in a main circuit thereof. The present invention resides in adopting the configuration of the self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system used.

[0044]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings with respect to an example of a method and an example of a system. In the present embodiment, a case where a solar cell is exclusively used for the photoelectric element as the photoelectric means will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other photoelectric elements, that is, light energy such as a photocell is converted into electric energy. Needless to say, all the elements can be adopted.

(System Example) FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system of this system example. FIG.
The same reference numerals are given to the same electric circuits and elements as those of the conventional example shown in FIG.

This system example includes a solar cell 10, a converter 210, a converter 220, and an electric double layer capacitor 3.
10, lead storage battery 320, voltage stabilization circuit 40, load 50
The converter 210 includes a current pump circuit 211 and a control circuit 212.
20 comprises a main circuit 221 and a control circuit 222,
The power supply path α and the charge / discharge branch paths β, γ are organically interconnected. In the figure, 213 is an ammeter, 214 is a voltmeter, 22
3, 224 are voltmeters and 225 is an ammeter.

(Method Example) A method example of the present embodiment applied to the system example will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 shows the generated power Ws of the solar cell 10, the storage amount Qe of the electric double layer capacitor 310, and the storage amount Q of the lead storage battery 320 in the system example.
3 (a) is an operation mode table of the main circuit 221 of the converter 220 in the system example, and FIG. 3 (b) is an operation flowchart thereof.

The control circuit 212 in the converter 210
The generated current and the generated voltage of the solar cell 10 are respectively detected by the ammeter 213 and the voltmeter 214 to calculate the generated power Ws. For example, the generated current is minutely changed by, for example, the current pump circuit 211, and the generated current is increased and decreased, and When the product of increase and decrease of the generated power Ws is positive, the generated current is slightly increased, and when the product is negative, the generated current is slightly reduced. Then, the electric double layer capacitor 310 is charged with the electric power Ws generated by the solar cell 10. However, electric double-layer capacitor 3
When the storage capacity Qe of 10 reaches the rated capacity, the current pump circuit 211 is stopped for a certain period.

The control circuit 222 in the converter 220
Charge amount Q stored in electric double layer capacitor 310
e and the charge amount Qp stored in the lead storage battery 320 are detected by the voltmeters 223 and 224, respectively, and FIG.
As shown in (a), when the charged amount Qe is larger than the output stop command value Q1 and the charged amount Qp is larger than the rated capacity command value Qc of the lead storage battery 320, the generated power Ws of the solar cell 10 and the electric double layer Electric power is supplied to the voltage stabilizing circuit 40 through the power supply line α by discharging the capacitor 310.

In the operation mode 1 in which the lead storage battery 320 is floatingly charged, when the storage amount Qe decreases from the condition of the operation mode 1 and the storage amount Qe falls below the output stop command value Q1, the main circuit 221 is activated. The voltage stabilizing circuit 4 is stopped by discharging the storage battery 320 from the charge / discharge branch path γ via the power supply path α.
In operation mode 3 for supplying power to 0, the power storage amount Qe increases again under the conditions of operation mode 3 and exceeds the output start command value Q2, so that the generated power Ws of the solar cell 10 and the electric double layer capacitor 310 Supplies power to the voltage stabilizing circuit 40 via the power supply path α and the charge / discharge branch path β.

At the same time, in the operation mode 2 in which the lead storage battery 320 is charged at a constant current, when the charged amount Qp increases and exceeds the rated capacity Qc, the output is performed so that the main circuit 221 operates in the operation mode 1 again. Perform voltage control. here,
During operation in the operation mode 2, the solar cell 1
The output stop command value Q1 <the output start command value Q2 so that the constant current charging operation can be performed even when the generated power Ws of 0 decreases.
Set as The voltage stabilizing circuit 40 converts the input power to a desired voltage of the load 50 and supplies the load 50 with power Wo.

The operation flowchart of FIG. 3B will now be described with reference to FIG. At the beginning of the start of the present system example, step 1 (ST) in which the operation mode 3 is selected and executed.
1) and in the operation mode 3, it is always determined whether or not the storage amount Qe of the electric double layer capacitor 310> the output start command value Q2, and the operation mode 3 is maintained as long as no. If yes, step 2 (ST2) proceeds to the next step 3 (ST3) and the amount of charge Qp of the lead storage battery 320> the rated capacity Q of the lead storage battery 320
Step 3 (ST) for comparing and determining whether
3), and if the determination in step 3 (ST3) is yes, step 4 (ST4) of selecting and executing operation mode 1
When the determination in step 3 (ST3) is no, step 5 (ST5) of selecting and executing operation mode 2 and in the state of operation mode 1 or operation mode 2, the amount of charge Qe of electric double layer capacitor 310 > Electric Double Layer Capacitor 31
It is always determined whether or not the output stop command value Q1 is 0, and as long as the answer is yes, the step 3 (ST3) and the operation mode 1 selection execution step 4 (ST4) or the operation mode 2 selection execution step 5 (ST5) ) Is repeated, and in the case of no, step 6 (ST6), which returns to operation mode 3 selection execution step 1 (ST1), is sequentially performed to control the execution procedure.

In this embodiment, the current pump circuit 21
The first main circuit employs a circuit system capable of increasing the output voltage as compared with an input voltage such as an existing step-up / step-down chopper or step-up chopper and supplying a desired current to the electric double layer capacitor 310. It is desirable. The amount of charge Qe of the electric double layer capacitor 310 can be easily detected by detecting the output voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 310. The detection of the charged amount Qp of the lead storage battery 320 is performed by detecting the output voltage, monitoring the charge / discharge current, and taking into account the integrated power, thereby enabling highly accurate control.

[0054]

According to the present invention, since the solar cell always operates at the maximum power generation efficiency, the power generation efficiency of the system is increased, the capacity of the solar cell can be reduced, and the system price can be reduced. In addition, charge and discharge caused by fluctuations in the output power of the solar cell are assigned to the electric double-layer capacitor, so that the charge and discharge efficiency is high and the system efficiency can be increased. A system can be built.

Further, since a chemical battery such as a lead storage battery is charged and discharged only when the weather is irregular, the number of times of charging and discharging can be reduced, the life of the storage battery can be extended, and maintenance such as replacement of the storage battery can be performed. The required cost can be reduced. Also,
Since the burden on the lead storage battery is small, the capacity of the battery can be reduced, and a compact, lightweight, and inexpensive system can be constructed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an operation waveform diagram of each of the generated power of a solar cell, the amount of electric power stored in an electric double-layer capacitor, and the amount of electric power stored in a lead storage battery in the above battery.

3A is a chart showing operation modes 1 to 3 of the main circuit of the converter in the above embodiment, and FIG. 3B is a flowchart of selecting and executing operation modes 1 to 3;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a conventional system example.

FIG. 5 is an operation waveform diagram of the generated power of the solar cell and the amount of stored power of the lead storage battery in the same as above.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Solar battery 20 ... Overcharge protection circuit 21 ... Main circuit 22 ... Control circuit 30 ... Storage battery 40 ... Voltage stabilization circuit 50 ... Load 210 ... Converter 220 ... Converter 211 ... Current pump circuit 212 ... Control circuit 213 ... Ammeter 214 ... voltmeter 221 ... main circuit 222 ... control circuit 223 ... voltmeter 224 ... voltmeter 225 ... ammeter 310 ... electric double layer capacitor 320 ... lead storage battery α ... power supply path β, γ ... charge and discharge branch path Q1 ... electric double layer Output stop command value of capacitor 310 Q2: Output start command value of electric double layer capacitor 310 Qc: Rated capacity of lead storage battery 320 Qe: Charge amount of electric double layer capacitor 310 Qp: Charge amount of lead storage battery 320 Wo: Load 50 Power consumption Ws ... Power generated by solar cell 10

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI // H01G 9/155 H01G 9/00 301Z

Claims (26)

[Claims] The present invention relates to a method of temporarily storing power generated by photoelectric means to continuously and independently supply power to a load in response to a change in the intensity of irradiation light. By means of the means, the other is charged to the load while the other is discharged, and the power storage means is complemented by each other, thereby reducing the power generation efficiency and capacity of the photoelectric means and reducing the capacity and durability of the power storage means. A self-contained photovoltaic power generation control method characterized in that: 2. The self-contained photovoltaic power generation control method according to claim 1, wherein the photoelectric means includes all elements for converting light energy into electric energy, such as a solar cell or a photocell. 3. Two storage means having different charge / discharge / storage characteristics are: a first storage means having a small loss during rapid charge / discharge, a large number of allowable charge / discharge cycles, and a small storage capacity; On the other hand, the second method has a large loss at the time of rapid charge and discharge, a small number of allowable charge and discharge cycles and a small self-discharge, and a large storage capacity.
The independent photovoltaic power generation control method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the power storage means is adopted. 4. The first power storage means is provided via a first control conversion means having a current pump function for always maximizing the power generation efficiency of the photoelectric means and stopping supply of the first power storage means having a rated current value or more. The self-contained photovoltaic power generation control method according to claim 3, wherein the photovoltaic means is arranged and connected to the photoelectric device side. 5. The second power storage means is connected to the output of the first control conversion means, and stops supplying current when the output stop command value of the first power storage means falls below,
The output of the second control conversion means having a current gate function for restarting the supply of the current when the output start command value is exceeded, and is arranged and connected to the load side. Independent photovoltaic power generation control method. 6. The autonomous photovoltaic power generation control method according to claim 5, wherein the output stop command value and the output start command value maintain a condition of output stop command value <output start command value. 7. Maximizing the power generation efficiency of the photoelectric means by the first control conversion means includes detecting an input current and a generated power as a generated current of the photoelectric means, and detecting the input current and the generated power by an increase / decrease relationship between the input current and the generated power. 7. The self-contained photovoltaic power generation control method according to claim 4, wherein the input current is manipulated and the tracking control is performed so that the generated power is maximized. 8. The current control of the first control conversion means is stopped until the amount of power stored in the first power storage means falls below the output stop command value and then exceeds the output start command value larger than the output stop command value. 4. The method according to claim 4, wherein
8. The self-supporting photovoltaic power generation control method according to 6 or 7. 9. The method according to claim 3, wherein the charging of the second power storage means is a floating charge when the amount of power stored in the second power storage means is larger than the rated capacity command value. 9. The independent photovoltaic power generation control method according to 6, 7, or 8. 10. The method according to claim 3, wherein the charging of the second power storage means is constant current charging when the amount of power stored in the second power storage means is smaller than the rated capacity command value. , 6, 7 or 8. 11. An operation mode 1 in which, in an operation output state of current supply, load power is supplied by a photoelectric device and a first power storage device, and floating charging of the second power storage device is performed, The power storage device has an operation mode 2 in which the photoelectric device and the first power storage device perform load power supply and constant current charging of the second power storage device. Operating mode 3 in which the load power is supplied by the first power storage means, and the magnitude relation between the output stop command value and the output start command value of the power storage amount of the first power storage means and the rated capacity of the power storage amount of the second power storage means 11. The self-supporting light according to claim 5, wherein selection of the operation mode 1, the operation mode 2, and the operation mode 3 is controlled by a combination of magnitude relations. Power generation control method. 12. An operation mode 1, an operation mode 2, and an operation mode 3 are selected and executed by the second control conversion means.
(ST1), and in the operation mode 3, whether or not the power storage amount (Qe) of the first power storage means> the output start command value (Q2) is constantly compared and determined. Mode 3 is maintained, and if yes, the next step 3 (ST
Step 2 (ST2) for proceeding to 3), and Step 3 (ST3) for comparing and judging whether or not the charged amount (Qp) of the second power storage means> the rated capacity Qc of the second power storage means. If the determination in step 3 (ST3) is yes, the operation mode 1 is selected and executed. Step 4 (ST4)
Step 5 (ST5) of selecting and executing the operation mode 2 when the determination in Step 3 (ST3) is no; and in the operation mode 1 or the operation mode 2, the first power storage unit It is always determined whether or not the storage amount (Qe)> the output stop command value (Q1) of the first power storage means, and as long as yes, the above step 3 (ST3)
And the loop of the operation mode 1 selection execution step 4 (ST4) or the operation mode 2 selection execution step 5 (ST5) is repeated, and if no, the operation mode 3
Step 6 (ST) returning to selection execution step 1 (ST1)
The method according to claim 11, wherein the control is performed so that steps (6) and (5) are sequentially performed. 13. The method according to claim 5, wherein the first control conversion means and the second control conversion means are converters having a control function.
13. The independent photovoltaic power generation control method according to 1 or 12. 14. The method according to claim 3, wherein the first power storage means is an electric double layer capacitor.
14. The self-supporting photovoltaic power generation control method according to 10, 11, 12, or 13. 15. The battery according to claim 3, wherein the second power storage means is a lead storage battery or a nickel cadmium battery for trickle use.
The self-supporting photovoltaic power generation control method according to 10, 11, 12, 13, or 14. 16. A power storage device for temporarily storing the generated power of the photoelectric element group is connected to a power supply path connecting the photoelectric element group and the load by a charging / discharging branch path, so that a change in the intensity of irradiation light can be reduced. In a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system that continues to supply power to the load, two mutually complementary first and second power storage devices having different charging / discharging / storage characteristics are used as the power storage devices through the separate charge / discharge branches. A current pump that, while being connected to each other, supplies the power supply path between the photoelectric element group and the first power storage device with a maximum power generation efficiency of the photoelectric element group and stops supplying power equal to or higher than the rated current of the first power storage device. A first converter for controlling and converting the function is interposed. On the other hand, the power storage amount of the first power storage device and the second power storage device are provided in a power supply path between the first power storage device and the second power storage device. Under each setting condition of Second converter interposing, freestanding photovoltaic control system and controls converting the current gate function of stopping or starting the electric. 17. The self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system according to claim 16, wherein the photoelectric element includes all elements such as a solar cell and a photocell that convert light energy into electric energy. 18. The power storage device according to claim 16, wherein the first power storage device has charge / discharge characteristics in which the loss during rapid charge / discharge is small, the number of allowable charge / discharge cycles is large, and the storage capacity is small. A self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system as described. 19. The self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system according to claim 16, wherein the first power storage device is an electric double layer capacitor. 20. The power storage device according to claim 16, wherein the second power storage device has a large charge and discharge loss during rapid charge and discharge, a small number of allowable charge and discharge cycles and a small self-discharge, and a charge and discharge characteristic with a large storage capacity. , 17, 18 or 19. 21. The battery according to claim 16, wherein the second power storage device is a lead storage battery or a nickel cadmium battery for trickle use.
0. The self-supporting photovoltaic power generation control system according to 0. 22. A first converter comprising: an ammeter and a voltmeter for respectively detecting an input current and a generated voltage, which are generated currents of a photoelectric element group; and calculating an increase / decrease relationship between the input current and the integrated generated power. A control circuit for generating a control signal so that the generated power is maximized; and a current pump circuit for inputting the control signal and performing a minute change operation on the input current, the maximum power follow-up control of the photoelectric element group. It has a function, The function of Claim 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 characterized by the above-mentioned.
Or a self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system according to 21. 23. A control signal of the control circuit, wherein a control signal for slightly increasing the generated current when the product of the increase and decrease of the generated current and the increase and decrease of the generated power at that time is positive, and for slightly reducing the generated current when the product is negative. The self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system according to claim 22, wherein: 24. A second converter, comprising: an ammeter and a voltmeter for constantly detecting the charged amount of the first power storage device and the charged amount and the charging / discharging current of the second power storage device; A control circuit that performs arithmetic processing on the detected and input storage amounts and issues control signals based on the respective setting conditions corresponding to the operation modes 1 to 3; and a main circuit that receives the control signals and operates to stop or start power supply. And a circuit for developing the selected execution of the operation modes 1 to 3. 18. The circuit according to claim 17, further comprising:
24. The self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system according to 0, 21, 22 or 23. 25. The load according to claim 16, wherein the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected in front of the load.
25. The self-supporting photovoltaic power generation control system according to 0, 21, 22, 23 or 24. 26. The self-contained photovoltaic power generation control system according to claim 22, wherein the current pump circuit uses a step-up / step-down chopper or a step-up chopper for a main circuit thereof.