JPH0989697A - Stress sensor for measuring apparatus for wheel operation force - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To detect a direction horizontal with a road face as a stress in a lower direction, a vertical direction as a stress in an N direction, a twist direction of a spindle as a stress in an FB direction and an end face of the spindle as a stress in an S direction by burying a stress detection sensor comprising a plurality of sensor segments made of a single axis strain gage attached to respective faces of a substrate in the spindle of an automobile or in a structure in the vicinity of the spindle. SOLUTION: A strain gage (e) is pasted on a substrate 8 to provide a sensor segment (f). An a-gage 9 and a b-gage 10 are pasted to a surface and rear of the substrate 8 on the segment (f). When directions of stress to be measured differ, the strain gage (e) is pasted to a substrate with an angle changed by 90 deg. to provide a c-gage 11 and a d-gage 12. The strain gage (e) is built into a bridge circuit (g) and connected to a dynamic strain amplifier 13 and a DSP 14 for sensing a stress from an output. The segment (f) is mounted in a sensor insertion hole 21, for sensing an X-axis direction of a spindle as a stress in an F direction, a Z-axis direction as a stress in an N direction, a y-axis direction as a stress in an S direction and a twist direction as a stress in an FB direction.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wheel action stress measuring device using a stress detecting sensor for measuring stress such as shear strain generated in a structure such as an automobile, an aircraft, a railway vehicle, a hoist, a robot and the like. Is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Photoelastic method, stress paint film method, acoustic method, holography are available as measuring methods for measuring stress such as shear strain generated in structures such as automobiles, aircrafts, railway vehicles, hoists and robots. Method, strain gauge method, etc., and the strain gauge method is commonly used. There are many types of mechanical quantity sensors such as these, and they are easy to handle, but on the other hand, a transducer must be used for stress measurement, and in the strain gauge method, stress in all directions applied to the strain gauge must be analyzed. is necessary. When a stress sensor consisting of a conventional mechanical quantity sensor such as a strain gauge is used alone in a structure, the amount of other stress mixed with the main stress increases depending on the mounting position. It was necessary to find a neutral point that does not transmit or reduce the stress other than the main stress existing in the body, and moreover, it was necessary to attach the stress sensor to the neutral point with high accuracy. The same applicant has previously filed Japanese Patent Application No. 3-130840 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-331336) as a stress measuring device using a stress detection sensor composed of a strain gauge.
Japanese Patent Application No. 5-65891 (JP-A-6-241922).
No. 6-257715, which proposes that a strain gauge is embedded in an axle of a vehicle or a structure near the axle to measure stress in each direction. Further, in the one-segment method, the crosstalk separation is performed for the stress in the F direction and the stress in the T direction by calculation. However, this first depends on the embedding position of the sensor with respect to the crosstalk separation with respect to multidirectional stress contained in the sensor. Also, there was no method for separating the side force. Therefore, they could not be said to measure pure stress.

[0003]

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a single stress detection sensor (mechanical quantity sensor) in which a plurality of sensor segments composed of strain gauges are attached to front and back surfaces of a substrate, or a plurality of stress detection sensors. The stress applied to the stress detection sensor embedded in the axle or the structure near the axle is measured by separating crosstalk in multiple directions.

[0004]

According to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, a stress detecting sensor having a plurality of sensor segments made of strain gauges attached to the front and back of a substrate is attached to an axle of a vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle. A shear stress detecting device, wherein the stress detecting sensor uses at least four signals of a plurality of sensor elements to apply stress applied to the stress detecting sensor to F direction, N direction, T direction and S direction which are main directions. The stress acting on the wheel is detected separately. According to a second aspect of the present invention, the stress detection sensor having a plurality of sensor segments, which are strain gauges, attached to the front and back surfaces of the substrate is arranged in a horizontal direction and a direction perpendicular to the stress detection sensor.
A shear stress detecting device in which a set is attached to an axle of a vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle, wherein the first stress detecting sensor attached in the horizontal direction calculates at least four signals of a plurality of sensor segments including strain gauges. The second stress detection sensor, which detects the stress applied to the stress detection sensor in the main direction F and is attached in the vertical direction, calculates the four signals of the four sensor segments including the strain gauge to detect the stress. N direction, T direction, and S direction applied to the F direction are detected, and from the F direction stress detected by the first stress detection sensor attached in the horizontal direction, the N direction detected by the second stress detection sensor attached in the vertical direction. , T-direction and S-direction stresses are removed and separated into pure F-direction stresses acting on the wheels for detection. According to a third aspect of the present invention, a plurality of the wheel action force measuring devices according to the second aspect are attached to an axle of a vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle, and a plurality of F-direction stresses, N-direction stresses, T-direction stresses, The S-direction stress is detected, and the N-direction stress, the T-direction stress, and the S-direction stress are removed from the F-direction stress. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the stress detection sensor according to the second aspect is attached to an axle of a vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle, and at least four signals are respectively supplied from the horizontal sensor element and the vertical sensor element. By calculating the stress in the F direction, the stress in the N direction, the stress in the S direction,
The stress in the T direction is detected, and the stress applied to the sensor element is separated in each direction. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the stress detection sensor is attached to the axle of the vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle, and stress in the F direction, stress in the N direction, stress in the T direction, and stress in the S direction are applied in advance. Then, a signal value specific to the stress detection sensor composed of a strain gauge is calculated, and each pure stress is separated to detect the stress acting on the wheel.

[0005]

According to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, a stress detecting sensor having a plurality of sensor segments consisting of strain gauges attached to the front and back of the substrate is attached to the axle of the vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle. If at least four signals of the plurality of sensor segments are detected from the stress detection sensor, the stress applied to the stress detection sensor is separated into the main directions F, N, T, and S to act on the wheel. Can be detected. According to the present invention as set forth in claim 2, a stress detection sensor having a plurality of sensor segments made of strain gauges attached to the front and back of the substrate, and two sets of stress detection sensors arranged in a horizontal direction and a direction perpendicular to the stress detection sensor are mounted on a vehicle. The first stress detection sensor attached to the axle or in the vicinity of the axle and attached in the horizontal direction detects at least four signals of a plurality of sensor segments each including a strain gauge, and the main direction F applied to the stress detection sensor is detected. Detect stress in direction. At the same time, by detecting four signals from the second stress detection sensor attached in the vertical direction, the N direction, the T direction applied to the stress detection sensor,
The stress in the S direction is detected, and the stress in the N direction, T direction, and S direction detected by the second stress detection sensor is removed from the stress in the F direction detected by the first stress detection sensor attached in the horizontal direction. It is possible to detect the pure F-direction stress acting on the wheel. According to the present invention described in claim 3, a plurality of wheel action force measuring devices according to claim 2 are attached to an axle of a vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle, and a plurality of F-direction stresses, N-direction stresses, and T-direction stresses are provided. If the stress and the S-direction stress are detected, the N-direction stress, the T-direction stress, and the S-direction stress can be removed from the F-direction stress. According to the present invention described in claim 4, the stress detection sensor according to claim 2 is attached to an axle of the vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle, and at least four sensor elements are provided each from a horizontal sensor element and a vertical sensor element. The stress in the F direction, the stress in the N direction, the stress in the S direction, and the stress in the T direction can be detected by calculating the signal, and the stress applied to the sensor element can be separated in each direction. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the stress detection sensor is attached to the axle of the vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle, and stress in the F direction, stress in the N direction, stress in the T direction, and stress in the S direction are applied in advance. Then, if at least four signals are detected from the stress detection sensor consisting of a strain gauge, the signal value specific to this stress detection sensor can be calculated, and the pure stresses can be separated to detect the stress acting on the wheel. I can.

[0006]

The present invention is an example of the preferred embodiment, and the scope of the claims is not limited to the embodiment shown here. The present invention will be described below with reference to an example of a wheel acting force measuring device applied to a vehicle, particularly a passenger car, based on the illustrated embodiment. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the stress detection sensor. The base substrate 1 is made of a metal or silicon-based material, and has sensor segments a, b, c, which are strain gauges using a metal resistance foil on both front and back surfaces or a strain gauge using the piezoresistive effect of a semiconductor. Let d be a sensor element e that forms a stress detection sensor G. Strain gauges are arranged orthogonally on both front and back surfaces. The strain gauge a and the strain gauge c are
They are arranged symmetrically with respect to the substrate 1. The strain gauges b and d are also arranged symmetrically about the plane. When detecting stress, the sensor element e of the stress detection sensor is 4
The strain gauges a, b, c, and d are assembled in a bridge circuit S as shown in FIG. 2, and the signal from the strain gauge a is output a, the signal from the strain gauge b is output b, and the signal from the strain gauge c is output. C
The output and the signal from the strain gauge d are separately obtained. FIG. 3 shows an external view of the stress detection sensor. Since four signals are obtained from one sensor element e, by combining these four signals, F
Direction (X direction), S direction (Y direction), N direction (Z direction)
Also, the amount of strain of the brake torque T (twisting direction) can be measured. A hole 2 is provided in the axle of the structure near the wheel shown in FIG. 4 to provide the stress detection sensor (sensor element).
Is embedded to form a shear stress detecting device, and the output of each strain gauge of this sensor element is a computing device (not shown).
To establish a wheel action force measuring device.

Next, a method for separating the stress in each direction when a force is applied to the sensor element e will be described. The axle of a passenger car or a structure in the vicinity of the axle has a complicated structure as shown in FIG. 4, for example. In order to simplify the explanation, when the structure near the axle is considered to be a square rod which is an ideal structure, FIG. 5 shows a square rod in which a hole 2 is provided in the square rod and the sensor element e is inserted into the hole. When stress is applied from the F direction, the square bar in FIG. 5 bends as shown in FIG. 6, and the sensor element e is distorted inside the structure as shown in FIG. In the sensor element e, as shown in FIG. 7, the strain gauge a and the strain gauge c expand, and the strain gauge b and the strain gauge d contract. This change amount is substituted as an output value of each strain gauge into Equation 1 for calculation.

[Equation 1] From this equation, all the changes of the four strain gauges are added.

Next, when stress is applied to this structure from the T direction, the square bar in FIG. 5 becomes as shown in FIG. 8, and the sensor element e inside the structure is strain gauge a and as shown in FIG. The strain gauge d contracts, and the strain gauges b and c expand. This change amount is substituted into Equation 2 as an output value of each strain gauge to perform calculation.

[Equation 2] From this equation, all the changes of the four strain gauges are added.

Next, when stress is applied to this structure from the N direction, the square bar in FIG. 5 becomes as shown in FIG. 10, and the sensor element e is strain gauge a inside the structure as shown in FIG. , Strain gauge b, strain gauge c and strain gauge d extend. This change amount is substituted into Equation 3 as the output value of each strain gauge to be calculated.

(Equation 3) From this equation, all the changes of the four strain gauges are added.

Next, when stress is applied to this structure from the S direction, the square bar in FIG.
In the inside of the structure, as shown in FIG. 13, the strain gauge a and the strain gauge b expand, and the strain gauge c and the strain gauge d contract. The amount of change is substituted into Equation 4 as the output value of each gauge for calculation.

[Equation 4] From this equation, all the changes of the four strain gauges are added. In this way, the stress in four directions can be derived from the sensor element e.

When a stress whose direction is unknown is applied to the sensor element e which is the stress detecting sensor G, the above-mentioned respective directions (stress in the F direction, stress in the N direction, stress in the S direction, stress in the T direction). The method of separation will be described. First,
Stress detection sensor G in the structure in which the sensor element e is embedded The basic characteristics of the sensor element e are examined. For that purpose, a certain amount of stress is actually applied in each direction, and the output from the stress detection sensor is measured. When stress in one direction is applied, output values in four directions are obtained. Therefore, when stress in four directions is applied, 16 output values are obtained as shown in Table 1 below.

[Table 1] It is also effective to temporally separate the F direction, N direction, S direction, and T direction when obtaining a signal from the sensor element e. If this table is [A], it can be rewritten into a matrix as shown in Table 2.

[Table 2] Attach the sensor element e to an ideal structure,
When F load, N load, T load, and S load are applied, [A] in Table 2 can be rewritten into a matrix as shown in Table 3 [B].

[Table 3] This is a basic matrix of the sensor element e, which is a basic specification of the sensor element e. However, since the matrix [B] in Table 3 is the one when a certain amount of stress is applied, it is divided by the stress W to form the unit matrix [E] of the sensor element e as shown in Table 4. .

[Table 4] This matrix [E] becomes a basic characteristic of the stress detection sensor G in the structure in which the sensor element e is embedded.

A method of separating crosstalk using this matrix [E] will be described. Now, when a certain stress is applied from a certain direction, the data obtained from the sensor element e are the four components of the f component, the n component, the s component, and the t component. If this is [α], it can be rewritten as the matrix of Table 5.

[Table 5] In order to obtain the stress in each direction, the stress F in which the crosstalk is separated in the F direction, N direction, S direction, and T direction is calculated.
Consider _β , N _β , S _β , and T _β . If this is [β], it can be rewritten as the matrix of Table 6.

[Table 6] Between these, the following mathematical formula is established.

(Equation 5) Rewriting this gives Equation 6.

(Equation 6) This is because when a certain force is applied to the structure to which the sensor element e is attached, the certain force is applied in the F direction, the N direction, and the T direction.
Direction and S direction can be separated. That is, when a stress whose direction is unknown is applied, the output of the stress detection sensor G can be converted into the stress of the matrix [β] in which the crosstalk is separated by using the matrices [α] and [E]. I can.

As another method, the sensor element e1 which is the first stress detecting sensor is inserted at a position where the stress in the F direction can be greatly detected, and the sensor element e2 which is the second stress detecting sensor increases the stress in the N direction. Insert it at a position where it can be detected. In this case, the sensor element e2 that is the second stress detection sensor is used to measure the correction data for the crosstalk separation of the sensor element e1 that is the first stress detection sensor. 14, 15 and 16 are perspective views showing a combination of the sensor element e1 which is the first stress detection sensor and the sensor element e2 which is the second stress detection sensor. The sensor element e1 that is the first stress detection sensor measures the stress in the F direction as described above. However, if stress is applied to the sensor element e1 that is the first stress sensor from the correct F direction, crosstalk does not occur, but in reality, stress is included in each direction. Second to eliminate crosstalk
The data detected by the sensor element e2 which is the stress detection sensor of is used. Since the sensor element e2 which is the second stress detection sensor is orthogonal to the sensor element e1 which is the first stress detection sensor, the sensor element e2 which is the second stress detection sensor applies the stress in the N direction. Can be detected. When stress is applied to this structure from the N direction, the strain gauge a and the strain gauge c are expanded and the strain gauge b and the strain gauge d are contracted in the sensor element e2 which is the second stress detection sensor as shown in FIG. Become. This change amount is substituted into Equation 3 as the output value of each strain gauge to be calculated.

When stress is applied to this structure from the S direction, the sensor element e2 which is the second stress detecting sensor.
As shown in FIG. 17, the strain gauge a and the strain gauge c contract, and the strain gauge b and the strain gauge d expand. The change amount is substituted into the mathematical expression 4 as an output value of each strain gauge for calculation. In this way, the S direction can also be detected. Further, the twist in the T direction can also be detected. When stress is applied to the structure from the T direction, the sensor element e becomes as shown in FIG. 9, the strain gauge a and the strain gauge d contract, and the strain gauge b and the strain gauge c expand. This change amount is substituted into Equation 2 as an output value of each strain gauge to perform calculation. The stress in the N direction, the S direction, and the T direction is detected from the sensor element e2 that is the second stress detection sensor, and the stress is applied to the sensor element e1 that is the first stress detection sensor as crosstalk. The data acquired by the sensor element e1 which is the detection sensor is corrected. The correction is performed from the data F1 of the sensor element e1 which is the first stress detection sensor to the data N2 of the sensor element e2 which is the second stress detection sensor.
Then, the data of S2 and T2 are calculated by the calculation of Expression 7.

(Equation 7) In Equation 7, k ₁ , k ₂ , and k ₃ are correction coefficients for the output data of the sensor element e2 that is the second stress detection sensor. Also in the sensor element e1 which is the first stress detection sensor, the stress in each direction can be obtained by the matrix in Table 7 by performing crosstalk separation on the components in the four directions.

[Table 7] The sensor element e2, which is the second stress detection sensor, can be similarly obtained from the matrix in Table 8.

[Table 8] Then, if the stress from which the desired crosstalk is separated is set as the matrix [β], then it can be calculated by Equation 8.

(Equation 8) Further, not only the two sensor elements e in the F direction and the N direction, but also the case where a plurality of these units are used can be obtained by the equation 9 similarly.

[Equation 9]

In the above-described embodiment, the sensor element e, which is a stress detection sensor, has been exemplified in which four sensor segments, each of which is a strain gauge, are attached to the substrate to extract four signals. The present invention is
The number of sensor segments is not limited to four, and is not limited to four.
A sensor element having a plurality of sensor segments attached may be used, that is, a sensor element capable of individually detecting signals in at least four directions (stress detection sensor).
Should be fine.

[0016]

According to the present invention, the stress applied to the vehicle axle or the structure near the axle can be measured in a specific direction without including crosstalk. Also, in the F direction,
The stress in the N direction, the S direction, and the T direction can be measured at the same time without including crosstalk, and can be used for a highly safe brake system, and also for comprehensive control of the vehicle. Since the stress between the road surface and the tire can be measured, it can be used to investigate the performance of the tire.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a sensor element that is a stress detection sensor.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a signal processing circuit of a stress detection sensor.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a stress detection sensor.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a vehicle axle and a structure near the axle.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which a sensor element which is a stress detection sensor is embedded in a square bar.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state when a stress in a F direction is applied to a square rod.

7 is a diagram showing a state of a strain gauge of the sensor element in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state where a stress in a T direction is applied to the rectangular bar.

9 is a diagram showing a state of a strain gauge of the sensor element in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a state where a stress in the N direction is applied to the square rod.

11 is a diagram showing a state of a strain gauge of the sensor element in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a state in which stress in the S direction is applied to the square bar.

13 is a diagram showing a state of a strain gauge of the sensor element in FIG.

FIG. 14 is a sensor element e1 which is a first stress detection sensor and a sensor element e which is a second stress detection sensor.
The perspective view of the application example which combined 2.

FIG. 15 is a sensor element e1 which is a first stress detection sensor and a sensor element e which is a second stress detection sensor.
The perspective view of the application example which combined 2.

FIG. 16 is a sensor element e1 which is a first stress sensor and a sensor element e which is a second stress sensor.
The perspective view of the application example which combined 2.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a state of a strain gauge of a sensor element e2 that is a second stress detection sensor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 a, b, c, d strain gauge (sensor segment) 1 substrate 2 hole e1 sensor element e2 sensor element A F direction amplification circuit B N direction amplification circuit C S direction amplification circuit D T direction amplification circuit ED / A conversion circuit

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] September 18, 1996

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Full text

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Document Name] Statement

Title: Stress for wheel action force measuring device
Detection sensor

[Claims]

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is mounted on an axle structure of a vehicle.
Wear and apply the force on the axle to the orthogonal coordinate system x-axis, y-axis, z-axis
Direction and the torsional direction of the shaft, and measure the size
It relates to stress detection sensors, which are used for automobiles, aviation
Machine, railway vehicle, hoist, robot, etc.
It relates to a wheel action force measuring device for detecting the force
You.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Photoelastic method, stress paint film method, acoustics method, holography method, strain gauge are used as measurement methods for measuring stress generated in structures such as automobiles, aircrafts, railway vehicles, hoists and robots. The strain gauge method is often used. The strain gauge method has a wide variety of types and is easy to handle, but on the other hand, a transducer must be used for stress measurement, and the strain gauge must be used for shearing.
It is necessary to analyze because the stress is measured in all directions in order to measure the displacement . Machine quantity using strain gauge, etc.
When a sensor is used alone in a structure, the amount of other stress mixed with the main stress increases depending on the mounting position. Therefore, use multiple sensors and do not transmit stress other than the main stress existing in the structure. Alternatively, it is necessary to search for the reduced neutral point, and to attach the stress sensor to the neutral point with high accuracy.
As a stress measuring device using a stress detection sensor composed of a strain gauge, the same applicant has previously filed Japanese Patent Application No. 3-130840 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-331336) and Japanese Patent Application No. 5-65891.
(JP-A-6-241922), Japanese Patent Application No. 6-25771
No. 5 is proposed, which measures the stress in each direction by embedding a strain gauge in an axle of a vehicle or a structure near the axle. In addition, in the one-segment method, and the road surface
The stress in the F direction, which is the horizontal direction, and the twisting direction of the axle.
Regarding the stress in the FB direction, simple crosstalk separation is performed by calculation. But included in the sensor
Multidirectional crosstalk depends on the position where the sensor is embedded.
I have it. Also, what is the method of detecting the side force?
It was. Therefore, they could not be said to measure pure stress.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, the present invention is directed to a plurality of sensor segments composed of a uniaxial strain gauge.
Of stress attached to each surface of the substrate with a shape conforming to the specifications
Embed sensors in vehicle axles or structures near the axles
In the F direction, which is horizontal to the road surface, and the N direction, which is vertical
Direction, FB direction which is the twist direction of the axle, end face direction of the axle
The crosstalk is separated in the S direction, which is the
It was designed to be released.

[0004]

According to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, a stress detecting sensor having sensor segments consisting of a single-axis strain gauge attached to the front and back of a substrate is attached to an axle of a vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle. , A stress detecting device having a bridge box, a strain amplifier, and an arithmetic circuit, which is obtained from a sensor element mounted so that each stress can be detected.
By using two signals, the stress applied to the stress detection sensor is applied to the F direction, which is the horizontal direction with respect to the road surface, the N direction which is the vertical direction,
The stress is detected in the FB direction, which is the twisting direction of the axle, and in the S direction, which is the end face direction of the axle. Claim 2
The present invention described in, a stress detection sensor having a sensor segment consisting of a single-axis strain gauge is attached to the front and back of the substrate, is attached to a surface vertical to the road surface and a horizontal surface in the vicinity of the axle or axle of the vehicle, bridge A stress detection device equipped with a box, a strain amplifier, and a calculation circuit, wherein the stress applied to the stress detection sensor is measured in a direction parallel to the road surface by using two signals obtained from a sensor element mounted so that each stress can be detected. The F-direction, the N-direction which is the vertical direction, the FB-direction which is the twisting direction of the axle, and the S-direction which is the end face direction of the axle are separated to detect the stress acting on the wheel. According to a third aspect of the present invention, a plurality of stress detection sensors, each having a sensor segment formed of a uniaxial strain gauge attached to the front and back surfaces of the substrate, are provided on a vehicle axle or in the vicinity of the axle on a surface perpendicular to a road surface and a surface perpendicular to the road surface. A stress detector equipped with a bridge box, a strain amplifier, and an arithmetic circuit, each of which is attached to the road surface by using a signal obtained from a sensor element mounted so that each stress can be detected. And F direction which is a horizontal direction, N direction which is a vertical direction, FB direction which is a twisting direction of an axle, and S direction which is an end face direction of an axle. There is. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a stress detection sensor in which sensor segments each including a uniaxial strain gauge is attached to each surface of a substrate having a cubic shape is attached to a vehicle axle or in the vicinity of the axle, and a bridge box is attached. And a strain amplifier and an arithmetic circuit, wherein the stress applied to the stress detecting sensor is in a direction horizontal to the road surface by using a signal obtained from a sensor element mounted so that each stress can be detected. Direction, the N direction which is the vertical direction, the FB direction which is the twisting direction of the axle, and the S direction which is the end face direction of the axle are separated to detect the stress acting on the wheel. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of stress detection sensors, each having a sensor segment formed of a uniaxial strain gauge attached to each surface of a substrate having a cubic shape, are attached to an axle of the vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle. , A stress detection device equipped with a bridge box, a strain amplifier, and an arithmetic circuit, the stress applied to the stress detection sensor is made horizontal with the road surface by using signals obtained from a plurality of sensor elements mounted so that each stress can be detected. The stress acting on the wheel is detected separately in the F direction, which is the vertical direction, the N direction which is the vertical direction, the FB direction which is the twisting direction of the axle, and the S direction which is the end face direction of the axle. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a stress detecting sensor having a uniaxial strain gauge attached to the front and back surfaces of a substrate and a sensor segment having a biaxial 90 ° strain gauge are provided on or near an axle of a vehicle. A stress detection device, which is provided with a plurality of bridge boxes, strain amplifiers, and arithmetic circuits, and applies to the stress detection sensor by using signals obtained from a plurality of sensor elements mounted so that each stress can be detected. A configuration in which the stress acting on the wheel is detected by separating the stress into F direction that is horizontal to the road surface, N direction that is vertical direction, FB direction that is the twisting direction of the axle, and S direction that is the end face direction of the axle. It has become. According to the present invention described in claim 7,
Biaxial 90 and stress detection sensors with sensor segments attached to each surface of a cube-shaped substrate consisting of uniaxial strain gauges
A stress detection device is provided with a plurality of sensor segments each consisting of a strain gauge of 0 ° on or near the axle of the vehicle, and the stress applied to the stress detection sensor is leveled with the road surface by using the signals of the plurality of sensor segments. The F-direction, which is the vertical direction, the N-direction, which is the vertical direction, the FB direction, which is the torsion direction of the axle, and the S-direction, which is the end face direction of the axle, are detected. According to the present invention described in claim 8, in the wheel action force measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the stress detection sensor is a cross of undesired stress from stress applied in the F direction, the N direction, the FB direction, and the S direction. The stress detection sensor is attached to each of the neutral points where there is little or very little talk, and the stress applied to the stress detection sensor is applied in the F direction that is horizontal to the road surface, the N direction that is vertical, and the twisting direction of the axle. The FB direction and the S direction, which is the end face direction of the axle, are separated and the arithmetic processing is performed so as to detect the stress acting on the wheel. According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, a sensor segment comprising a uniaxial strain gauge is attached to each surface of a substrate having a cubic shape, and a sensor segment comprising a biaxial 90 ° strain gauge is attached to a vehicle. near the axle or axle plurality, annexed, a stress detecting device including an amplifier and arithmetic circuit and strain bridge box, so that each stress can be detected
It uses signals obtained from multiple mounted sensor elements.
The stress applied to the stress detection sensor in the direction parallel to the road surface.
F direction, vertical direction N direction, axle twist
FB direction which is the direction, S direction which is the end face direction of the axle
It is configured to detect the stress acting on the wheels when separated.
You. The present invention according to claim 10 is as described in claims 2 to 8.
The stress detection sensor in the wheel force measuring device
Applied stress in F direction, N direction, FB direction, S direction
Isolate undesired stress crosstalk from stress
A calculation circuit is used to detect the stress acting on the wheel.
It is configured to make sense.

[0005]

According to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, a stress detecting sensor having sensor segments consisting of a single-axis strain gauge attached to the front and back sides of the substrate is attached to the axle of the vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle to form a bridge box. Attach a strain amplifier and arithmetic circuit. By using two signals obtained from the sensor element mounted at a position where each stress can be detected by reducing crosstalk, the stress applied to the stress detection sensor is F direction which is a direction horizontal to the road surface and N which is a vertical direction. Direction, FB direction which is the twisting direction of the axle, S which is the end face direction of the axle
The stress in each direction can be calculated and detected.
According to the present invention as set forth in claim 2, a stress detection sensor having sensor segments made up of uniaxial strain gauges attached to the front and back surfaces of a substrate is provided on a vehicle axle or in the vicinity of the axle and a surface perpendicular to a road surface and a surface vertical to the road surface. Attach the bridge box, strain amplifier and arithmetic circuit. By using two signals obtained from the sensor element mounted at a position where each stress can be detected by reducing crosstalk, the stress applied to the stress detection sensor is F direction which is a direction horizontal to the road surface and N which is a vertical direction. Direction, the FB direction which is the torsion direction of the axle, and the S direction which is the end face direction of the axle are calculated and detected, respectively, and the stress acting on the wheel can be detected. According to the present invention as set forth in claim 3, a stress detection sensor, in which sensor segments composed of uniaxial strain gauges are attached to the front and back surfaces of the substrate, is provided on a vehicle axle or in the vicinity of the axle and a surface perpendicular to a road surface and a surface vertical to the road surface. A plurality of units will be attached to and a bridge box, strain amplifier, and arithmetic circuit will be attached. Sensor element mounted at a position where each stress can be detected with reduced crosstalk
Applied to the stress detection sensor using the signal obtained from
Stress is applied in the F direction, which is horizontal to the road surface, and in the vertical direction,
N direction, FB direction which is the twisting direction of the axle, the end of the axle
The stress in the S direction, which is the surface direction, is calculated and detected,
The stress acting on the wheel can be detected. Claim 4
According to the invention described in 1., each of the substrates in the shape of a cube.
Attach the sensor segment consisting of a single-axis strain gauge to the surface.
A stress detection sensor installed on or near the axle of the vehicle.
The bridge box, strain amplifier and arithmetic circuit.
Attach Each stress can be detected by reducing crosstalk
Signal from the sensor element mounted at
Use the stress detection sensor to apply the stress to the surface parallel to the road surface.
Direction F direction, vertical direction N direction, axle screw
In the FB direction, which is the rearward direction, and the S direction, which is the end face direction of the axle.
The stress acting on the wheels is calculated by detecting the stress respectively.
Can be detected. According to the present invention described in claim 5,
For example, a single-axis strain gauge may be applied to each side of a cube-shaped board.
The stress detection sensor with the sensor segment
Multiple bridges are installed on or near the axles of the vehicle.
Attach the box, strain amplifier and arithmetic circuit. each
Mounted at a position where stress can be detected by reducing crosstalk
Using signals obtained from multiple sensor elements
The stress applied to the stress detection sensor in a direction parallel to the road surface.
Some F direction, N direction which is vertical direction, how to twist the axle
FB direction, which is the direction, and stress in the S direction, which is the end face direction of the axle
The stress acting on the wheel is detected by calculating and detecting each
can do. According to the present invention described in claim 6,
A sensor segment consisting of a single axis strain gauge is attached to the front and back of the board, and a plurality of sensor segments consisting of a stress detection sensor and a 90 degree biaxial strain gauge are attached to the axle of the vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle. Attach the amplifier and arithmetic circuit. By using signals obtained from a plurality of sensor elements mounted at positions where each stress can be detected with reduced crosstalk, the stress applied to the stress detection sensor is applied in the F direction, which is the direction horizontal to the road surface, and in the direction N, which is the vertical direction.
Direction, the FB direction which is the torsion direction of the axle, and the S direction which is the end face direction of the axle are calculated and detected, respectively, and the stress acting on the wheel can be detected. According to the present invention described in claim 7, and the sensor segment attached consisting Ibitsuge over di uniaxial to the substrate in the form of a cube surfaces stress
Sensor segment consisting of a detection sensor and a biaxial 90 ° strain gauge
Multiple attachments on or near the axle of the vehicle.
The bridge box, strain amplifier and arithmetic circuit.
Attach Each stress can be detected by reducing crosstalk
Can be obtained from multiple sensor elements mounted in
The signal applied to the stress detection sensor is used to
Horizontal F direction, vertical N direction, car
The FB direction, which is the torsion direction of the shaft, and the end face direction of the axle.
Calculates and detects the stress in the S direction and acts on the wheels
Stress can be detected. Main claim according to claim 8
According to the description, the wheel action force measuring device according to claim 1 to 7.
The stress detection sensor in the position is F direction, N direction, FB direction
Crossing of undesired stress from the stress applied in the S and S directions
Neutral with very little or very little talk
The stress detection sensor is attached to each
The stress applied to the detection sensor is the F direction, which is the direction horizontal to the road surface.
Direction, the N direction, which is the vertical direction, and the twisting direction of the axle.
Wheels are separated from the FB direction and the S direction, which is the end face direction of the axle.
The stress acting on can be detected. Note in claim 9
According to the present invention, each surface of the substrate in the shape of a cube is
Stress attached to a sensor segment consisting of a uniaxial strain gauge.
Sensor segment consisting of a detection sensor and a biaxial 90 ° strain gauge
Multiple attachments on or near the axle of the vehicle.
Equipped with a bridge box, strain amplifier, and arithmetic circuit
This is a stress detection device that can detect each stress.
It uses signals obtained from multiple mounted sensor elements.
The stress applied to the stress detection sensor in the direction parallel to the road surface.
F direction, vertical direction N direction, axle twist
FB direction which is the direction, S direction which is the end face direction of the axle
The stress acting on the wheels can be detected separately from each other.
According to the present invention as defined in claim 10, the invention is defined in claims 2 to 8.
In the wheel action force measuring device described above,
Is the stress applied in the F, N, FB, and S directions?
The crosstalk of unintended stress from the stress
Calculated by a calculation circuit to detect the stress acting on the wheel
Can be processed.

[0006]

The present invention is an example of the preferred embodiment, and the scope of the claims is not limited to the embodiment shown here. The present invention will be described below with reference to an example of a wheel acting force measuring device applied to a vehicle, particularly a passenger car, based on the illustrated embodiment. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a uniaxial strain gauge. The base 7 is made of an insulating material and uses polyimide resin or silicon oxide. The resistive element uses a Ni-Cr alloy of metal foil or Si. FIG.
It is the figure which showed a mode that the strain gauge e was stuck on the board | substrate 8 and it was set as the sensor segment f. The substrate 8 is made of metal material or S
It is made of i-wafer. Uniaxial strain gauges e are attached to the front and back surfaces of the substrate 8. Two strain gauges are used for the sensor segment f. They are named a gauge 9 and b gauge 10, respectively. 3 has the same structure as the sensor segment f of FIG. 2, but the direction of the stress to be measured is different. The structure is such that the strain gauge e is changed by 90 ° with respect to the substrate 8 of FIG. It is the figure which showed a mode that it stuck to the board | substrate 8 and was made into the sensor segment f. The substrate 8 is
Made of metal material or Si wafer. Uniaxial strain gauges e are attached to both side surfaces of the substrate 8. Two strain gauges are used for the sensor segment f. They are named c gauge 11 and d gauge 12, respectively. FIG.
The sensor segment f shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
It is the perspective view which showed the composite sensor segment f which attached the strain gauge e to. FIG. 5 shows a configuration diagram of a stress detection device incorporating the sensor segment f shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The strain gauges e are respectively incorporated in the bridge circuit g and connected to the dynamic strain amplifier 13 and the DSP 14. D
A control personal computer can be attached to the output side of the SP14. FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a stress detection device incorporating the composite sensor segment f of FIG. There are two sets of the circuits shown in FIG. 5, and the respective outputs are input to the control CPU 15. Next, the axle structure of the vehicle will be described. Figure 7
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an axle structure and a tire of a vehicle.
The x-axis is horizontal to the road surface and the z-axis is vertical.
Is the y-axis. In addition, the torsional moment of the y-axis
FB. The axle structure 16 has a shock absorber.
17 is attached, and the brake disc is attached to the axle side.
The disk 18 is attached via a bearing. Ta
Mount the ear 19 so as to cover the brake disc 18.
Have been killed. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an axle structure of a vehicle.
FIG. The axle structure 16 has an axle 20. FIG.
Shows the structure of the axle of the vehicle, although the format is different from that of FIG.
ing. The axle structure 16 has an axle 20. FIG.
Is a structure different from that shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 but is the structure of the axle of the vehicle.
Is shown. The axle structure 16 has an axle 20.
Moreover, the shock absorber 17 is attached.
You. The sensor insertion hole 21 is provided in the structure as shown in FIGS.
Is provided. FIG. 11 shows a structure near the axle of the vehicle.
It is a perspective view. The structure 22 has a hole 23 for inserting an axle.
is there. FIG. 12 shows a vehicle with a different type from that shown in FIG.
It is the perspective view which showed the structure of the side. The structure 22 has an axle
There is a hole 23 for inserting. FIG. 13 corresponds to FIG. 11 and FIG.
Is a perspective view showing the structure near the axle of a vehicle of a different type
It is. The structure 22 has a hole 23 for inserting an axle.
The sensor insertion hole 21 is provided in the structure shown in FIG. 11 to FIG.
Is provided.

Next, the content of claim 1 will be described.
In FIG. 14, the sensor segment f is attached to the sensor insertion hole 21.
It is the perspective view which showed the appearance of wearing. In the x-axis direction on the axle
When a force in the F direction is applied to the substrate 8 of the sensor segment f.
Undergoes shear strain. Two attached on the upper and lower surfaces
The strain gauge e of is stretched and changes by Δa and Δb, respectively.
You. Calculating by substituting this into Equation 1 detects the stress in the F direction
I do.

[Equation 1] An arithmetic expression for detecting the F direction. Z axis direction to the axle
When a force in the N direction is applied, the substrate 8 of the sensor segment f
Bends under compressive and tensile stress. Affixed to the top and bottom
The two strain gauges that are in contact are contraction and elongation, and -Δ
It changes by a and Δb. Substituting this variation into equation 2
The stress in the N direction is detected.

[Equation 2] An arithmetic expression for detecting the N direction. It is the y-axis direction to the axle
When a force in the S direction is applied, the substrate 8 of the sensor segment f
Is the two strains that are affixed to the upper and lower surfaces due to compressive stress.
The gauge e shrinks and changes by -Δa and -Δb respectively
I do. Substituting this amount of change into Equation 3 for calculation, the force in the S direction
Is detected.

(Equation 3) An arithmetic expression for detecting the S direction. Torsional force on the axle
Is applied, the substrate 8 of the sensor segment f is pulled and pressed.
It receives a compressive stress and twists. Two attached on the upper and lower surfaces
The strain gauge of e becomes expansion and contraction, and is Δa and −Δb
Change. Substituting this change amount into Equation 4 and performing calculation, FB
Detects directional force.

[Equation 4] An arithmetic expression for detecting the FB direction. The stress in each direction is detected by calculating the change amount of the two strain gauges of the sensor segment f . FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing another example.
You. In this case as well, the change amount of the strain gauge is calculated and
Detects directional force.

Next, claim 2 will be described. In Figure 4
The sensor segment f shown in FIG.
An insertion hole 21 is provided and the insertion is performed. The configuration diagram at this time is shown in FIG.
Is the street. Force in the F direction, which is the x-axis direction, is applied to the axle.
Then, the substrate 8 of the sensor segment f receives shear strain.
Kick The two strain gauges e attached to the upper and lower surfaces are
And change by Δa and Δb respectively. Also, put on the side
The attached two strain gauges e change by Δc and Δd
I do. Substituting this into Equation 5 for calculation, the stress in the F direction is detected.
To know.

(Equation 5) An arithmetic expression for detecting the F direction. Z axis direction to the axle
When a force in the N direction is applied, the substrate 8 of the sensor segment f
Bends under compressive and tensile stress. Affixed to the top and bottom
The two strain gauges that are in contact are contraction and elongation, and -Δ
It changes by a and Δb. Also, it is attached to the side 2
The two strain gauges e change by Δc and Δd. This change
The amount is substituted into the equation 6 to calculate and the stress in the N direction is detected.

(Equation 6) An arithmetic expression for detecting the N direction. When a force in the S direction, which is the y-axis direction, is applied to the axle, the substrate 8 of the sensor segment f
Undergoes compressive stress, and the two strain gauges attached to the upper and lower surfaces shrink e and change by −Δa and −Δb, respectively. Also, the two strain gauges affixed to the side surface e
Changes by -Δc and -Δd. This amount of change to
Substituting and calculating, the force in the S direction is detected.

(Equation 7) An arithmetic expression for detecting the S direction. Torsional force on the axle
Is applied, the substrate 8 of the sensor segment f is pulled and pressed.
It receives a compressive stress and twists. Two attached on the upper and lower surfaces
The strain gauge of e becomes expansion and contraction, and is Δa and −Δb
Change. Two strain gauges attached to the side
Changes by Δc and −Δd. In addition, this change amount
Then, the force in the FB direction is detected.

(Equation 8) An arithmetic expression for detecting the FB direction. More than one sensor
By calculating the change amount of the four strain gauges of segment f,
Detects directional stress.

Next, claim 3 will be described. Claim
Insert a plurality of sensor segments f described in 2 above
Attach to hole 21. Force in the F direction, which is the x-axis direction on the axle
Is added, the substrate 8 of the plurality of sensor segments f becomes
Subject to shear strain. Substituting the amount of change in the strain gauge into Equation 5
Then, the stress in the F direction is detected.
You.

[Equation 9] An arithmetic expression for detecting the F direction. Z axis direction to the axle
When a force in the N direction is applied, a plurality of sensor segments f
The substrate 8 is bent by being subjected to compressive and tensile stress. Strain gauge
Substituting the amount of change into Equation 6 and then into Equation 10 for calculation,
Detect stress in the N direction.

[ Equation 10 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the N direction. It is the y-axis direction to the axle
When a force in the S direction is applied, a plurality of sensor segments f
The substrate 8 receives a compressive stress. The amount of change in strain gauge is 7
Substituting into, and further substituting into Equation 11 for calculation, the force in the S direction is calculated.
Detect.

[ Equation 11 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the S direction. Torsional force on the axle
Is added, the substrate 8 of the plurality of sensor segments f becomes
Twist under tensile and compressive stress. Change the strain gauge
The force in the FB direction is detected by substituting into Equation 12 for calculation.

[ Equation 12 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the FB direction. The above is more than one sensor
Calculate the change amount of the strain gauge of the sas segment f to calculate
To detect the stress of. 16 and 17 show a plurality of sensors.
An example of the segment f is shown. 18 to FIG.
0 inserts the sensor segment f into the sensor insertion hole 21
It is the perspective view which showed the example.

Next, claim 4 will be described. FIG.
The sensor segment f shown by is attached to the axle structure 16.
The insertion hole 21 is provided for insertion. The configuration diagram at this time is
It shall be in accordance with 6. In the F direction, which is the x-axis direction on the axle
When a force is applied, the substrate 8 of the cubic sensor segment f
Undergoes shear strain. Strain attached to each side of the cube
The change amount of the gauge e is set for each sensor segment f.
Then, calculate it by substituting it into Equation 13 and calculate the stress in the F direction.
Is detected.

[ Equation 13 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the F direction. Z axis direction to the axle
When a force in the N direction is applied, the cubic sensor segment f
The substrate 8 is bent by being subjected to compressive and tensile stress. Each of the cubes
The change amount of the strain gauge e attached to the surface is measured by the sensor segment.
For each of the f
Calculate and detect the stress in the N direction.

[ Equation 14 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the N direction. It is the y-axis direction to the axle
When a force in the S direction is applied, the cubic sensor segment f
The substrate 8 is subjected to compressive stress and is attached to each side of the cube.
The amount of change in the strain gauge e that is present in the sensor segment f
This is calculated and further substituted into Equation 15 to calculate, S direction
To detect the force of.

[ Equation 15 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the S direction. When a twisting force is applied to the axle, the substrate 8 of the cube sensor segment f is
Twist under tensile and compressive stress. The strain gauges attached to each side of the cube measure the amount of change in e as the sensor segment f.
For each of the above
Then, the force in the FB direction is detected.

[ Equation 16 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the FB direction. The above is a cubic sen
Calculate the change amount of the strain gauge of the sas segment f, and
Detect stress. 22 and 23 show the sensor insertion hole 21.
It is the perspective view which showed the mode that it was mounted | worn with.

Next, claim 5 will be described. FIG.
A plurality of cubic sensor segments f shown in
The structure body 16 is provided with the sensor insertion hole 21 for insertion. FIG.
8 has two cube sensor segments f inserted
The sensor insertion hole 21 is shown. The configuration diagram at this time is
It shall be in accordance with 6. In the F direction, which is the x axis direction on the axle
When a force is applied, the substrate 8 of the cubic sensor segment f
Undergoes shear strain. Strain attached to each side of the cube
Substituting the amount of change in gauge e into Eq.
Detect stress.

[ Equation 17 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the F direction. Z axis direction to the axle
When a force in the N direction is applied, the cubic sensor segment f
The substrate 8 is bent by being subjected to compressive and tensile stress. Each of the cubes
Substituting the change amount of the strain gauge e attached to the surface into Equation 18
Then, the stress in the N direction is detected.

[ Equation 18 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the N direction. It is the y-axis direction to the axle
When a force in the S direction is applied, the cubic sensor segment f
The substrate 8 is subjected to compressive stress and is attached to each side of the cube.
Substituting the amount of change of the strain gauge e present in Equation 19 for calculation, S
Detects directional force.

[ Formula 19 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the S direction. Torsional force on the axle
Is added, the substrate 8 of the cubic sensor segment f becomes
Twist under tensile and compressive stress. Stick on each side of the cube
The strain gauge that is used is calculated by substituting the change amount of e into Eq.
Then, the force in the FB direction is detected.

[ Equation 20 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the FB direction. The above is a cubic sen
Calculate the change amount of the strain gauge of the sas segment f, and
Detect stress.

Next, claim 6 will be described. FIG.
Is a sensor segment f consisting of a single-axis strain gauge and two axes
The sensor segment f consisting of a 90 ° strain gauge is attached to the substrate 8
The example attached to is shown. FIG. 25 shows a plurality of sensor units.
Showing the sensor element g to which the module f is attached.
ing. On the substrate 8, the wiring portion 26, the electrode portion 27, the cable
A bull 28 and a connector 29 are attached. FIG.
Indicates that the sensor segment f shown in FIG.
3 is a perspective view showing a sensor insertion hole 21. FIG. Configuration diagram at this time
Is based on FIG. Is in the x-axis direction on the axle
When a force in the F direction is applied, the cube sensor segment f
The substrate 8 is subjected to shear strain. Affixed to each side of the cube
The calculated change amount of the strain gauge e is substituted into the equation 21, and F is calculated.
Detects directional stress.

[ Equation 21 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the F direction. Z axis direction to the axle
When a force in the N direction is applied, the cubic sensor segment f
The substrate 8 is bent by being subjected to compressive and tensile stress. Each of the cubes
Substituting the amount of change in strain gauge e attached to the surface into Equation 22
Then, the stress in the N direction is detected.

[ Equation 22 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the N direction. It is the y-axis direction to the axle
When a force in the S direction is applied, the cubic sensor segment f
The substrate 8 is subjected to compressive stress and is attached to each side of the cube.
The amount of change of the strain gauge e present is substituted into the equation 23 to calculate S
Detects directional force.

[ Equation 23 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the S direction. Torsional force on the axle
Is added, the substrate 8 of the cubic sensor segment f becomes
Twist under tensile and compressive stress. Stick on each side of the cube
The strain gauge that is used is calculated by substituting the change amount of e into Equation 24.
Then, the force in the FB direction is detected.

[ Equation 24 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the FB direction. The above is a cubic sen
Calculate the change amount of the strain gauge of the sas segment f, and
Detect stress.

Next, claim 7 will be described. Claim
The sensor segment f described in 6 has a plurality of sensor insertion holes.
It is also attached to 21. 27 to 2
9 is an example of a sensor segment in which a strain gauge is attached to the substrate
It is the perspective view which showed. 31 and 32 show a cube base.
An example of a sensor segment with a strain gauge attached to a plate is shown
It is a perspective view. In FIG. 33, the sensor insertion hole 21
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a state in which a cement f is attached. this
The block diagram at that time is based on FIG. X axis on axle
When a force is applied in the F direction, which is the direction of the
The substrate 8 of the ment f is subjected to shear strain. Each of the cubes
Substituting the change amount of the strain gauge e attached to the surface into Equation 25,
Calculate and detect the stress in the F direction.

[ Equation 25 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the F direction. Z axis direction to the axle
When a force in the N direction is applied, the cubic sensor segment f
The substrate 8 is bent by being subjected to compressive and tensile stress. Each of the cubes
Substituting the amount of change in strain gauge e attached to the surface into Equation 26
Then, the stress in the N direction is detected.

[ Equation 26 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the N direction. When a force in the S direction, which is the y-axis direction, is applied to the axle, the substrate 8 of the cube sensor segment f receives compressive stress, and the change amount of the strain gauge e attached to each surface of the cube is substituted into the equation 27. And calculate S
Detects directional force.

[ Equation 27 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the S direction. Torsional force on the axle
Is added, the substrate 8 of the cubic sensor segment f becomes
Twist under tensile and compressive stress. Stick on each side of the cube
The strain gauge that is used is calculated by substituting the variation of e into Eq.
Then, the force in the FB direction is detected.

[ Equation 28 ] An arithmetic expression for detecting the FB direction. The above is a cubic sen
Calculate the change amount of the strain gauge of the sas segment f, and
Detect stress.

The eighth aspect will be described. From claim 1
According to the calculation shown in 7, the stress in the F direction, which is horizontal to the road surface,
Vertical N-direction stress, axle end face direction S-direction response
Calculate the force and the stress in the FB direction, which is the twisting direction of the axle.
Install the stress detection sensor on the bench test bench shown in Fig. 34.
Attach the mounted axle structure, x-axis f, y-axis g, z-axis
The direction of h and the torsional moment of y-axis g
Add at 23 At this time obtained from the sensor segment
When the signals are acquired, they are summarized in Table 1.

[Table 1] Since the axle structure is used only within elastic deformation, the sensor
The output of the segment and the load amount are in a proportional relationship.
These results are shown in equations 14 to 17 and the amount of load and strain
Find the relational expression.

( 29 ) Relationship between load and strain in F direction.

[ Equation 30 ] Relationship between load and strain in N direction.

[ Equation 31 ] Relationship between load and strain in the S direction.

[ Equation 32 ] Relationship between the amount of load in the Fb direction and strain. At the same time, load 2
How to change the linear equation by adding to triple, triple and quadruple
Find out. This case is summarized as in Equation 18 to Equation 20.
You.

[ Expression 33 ] Changes in the F direction when loads in two directions are applied simultaneously
A linear expression.

[ Equation 34 ] Changes in F direction when loads in 3 directions are applied simultaneously
A linear expression.

[ Equation 35 ] Changes in F direction when loads in 4 directions are applied simultaneously
A linear expression. Using Equation 14 and Equation 18 to Equation 20,
The equation is also fixed as shown in Formula 21.

[ Equation 36 ] A linear expression for the amount of change due to simultaneous loading. To convert x to θ,
A linear equation for converting the amount of strain into force is prepared from the test value. number
Substituting Eq. 18 and Eq. 21 into Eq. 22, pure force in F direction
To detect.

[ Equation 37 ] A linear expression that detects the pure force in the F direction due to simultaneous loading. Ku
The calculation to remove the loss talk is processed by the control Cpu.
You. Alternatively, it is processed by the DSP.

The ninth aspect will be described. The position of the sensor segment f is an important factor for improving the accuracy of detecting the stress intended by the sensor, rather than being properly inserted into the sensor insertion hole 21. The position of the sensor segment f is a neutral point that is not or is not subjected to a force other than the stress measured by the sensor segment f.
become. This is the axle structure by a method such as the finite element method.
Determine by examining the stress distribution of the body. Of neutral point
The size varies depending on the shape of the axle structure. Yo
Therefore, the attached sensor should be small.

The tenth aspect will be described. In the description, distortion
I went with the sensor segment f using a gauge,
Elements other than strain gauges can be used. Strain gauge field
If you are seeing a change in resistance due to strain,
The amount of change in strain due to can also be applied to the equation shown here.
In addition, the substrate itself is used without using materials such as metal and silicon.
If it is made of adhesive material and fixed in the sensor insertion hole 21,
The sensor insertion hole 21 instead of the substrate.
Act as an adhesive and only the strain gauge is enclosed.
Can also. 36 and 37, the substrate material is an adhesive material.
It is the perspective view which showed the example at the time of making. FIG. 38 shows
An example of inserting the sensor segment f into the insertion hole 21 is shown.
FIG.

[0017]

According to the present invention, the stress applied to the vehicle axle or the structure near the axle is processed by the arithmetic circuit which detects the stress in a specific direction by the sensor segment installed on the substrate and removes the crosstalk. By doing so, it is possible to measure a pure stress that does not include crosstalk of other stress. Further, it is possible to measure the stress in the F direction horizontal to the road surface applied to the axle, the N direction perpendicular to the road surface, the FB direction that is the twist direction of the axle, and the S direction that is the end face direction of the axle. Up until now, it was a difficult task to measure the amount of stress so much as a dedicated measuring instrument had to be prepared, but it was a difficult task even if only the cost of measurement was taken into consideration. Can detect stress in four directions at low cost. This can be used for highly safe braking systems and also for total vehicle control. Since the stress between the road surface and the tire can be measured, you can check the tire performance.
Also available for

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a uniaxial strain gauge.

[Fig. 2] Angle of sensor segment using uniaxial strain gauge
View.

FIG. 3 is an inclination of a sensor segment using a uniaxial strain gauge.
View .

FIG. 4 is a tilt of a sensor segment using a uniaxial strain gauge.
View.

FIG. 5: Structure of stress detection sensor using uniaxial strain gauge
Fig.

FIG. 6 Stress detection sensor using two uniaxial strain gauges
Configuration diagram of.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a relationship between an axle of a vehicle and a tire.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example of a structure with an axle.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of a structure with an axle.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of a structure with an axle.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an example of a structure without an axle .

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an example of a structure without an axle.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an example of a structure without an axle.

FIG. 14: The sensor segment is attached to the sensor insertion hole
FIG.

FIG. 15: The sensor segment is attached to the sensor insertion hole
FIG.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing an example of a sensor segment.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing an example of a sensor segment.

FIG. 18: The sensor segment is attached to the sensor insertion hole
FIG.

FIG. 19 shows a sensor segment mounted in the sensor insertion hole.
FIG.

FIG. 20: The sensor segment is attached to the sensor insertion hole
FIG.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing an example of a sensor segment.

FIG. 22: The sensor segment is attached to the sensor insertion hole
FIG.

FIG. 23: The sensor segment is attached to the sensor insertion hole
FIG.

FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing an example of a sensor segment.

FIG. 25 is a perspective view showing an example of a sensor element.

[Fig. 26] A sensor segment is attached to the sensor insertion hole.
FIG.

FIG. 27 is a perspective view showing an example of a sensor segment.

FIG. 28 is a perspective view showing an example of a sensor segment.

FIG. 29 is a perspective view showing an example of a sensor segment.

FIG. 30: Response using a single-axis strain gauge and a two-axis strain gauge
The block diagram of a force detection sensor.

FIG. 31 is a perspective view showing an example of a sensor segment.

FIG. 32 is a perspective view showing an example of a sensor segment.

[Fig. 33] A sensor segment is attached to the sensor insertion hole.
FIG.

FIG. 34 is a perspective view of a bench test table.

FIG. 35 is a perspective view showing an example of a sensor segment.

FIG. 36 is a perspective view showing an example of a sensor segment.

FIG. 37 is a perspective view showing an example of a sensor segment.

[Fig. 38] A sensor segment is attached to the sensor insertion hole.
FIG.

[Explanation of symbols] 1 gauge lead 2 spot welding 3 metal foil 4 gauge tab 5 reinforcement 6 cover 7 gauge base 8 sensor substrate 9 uniaxial strain gauge a 10 uniaxial strain gauge b 11 uniaxial strain gauge c 12 uniaxial Strain gauge d 13 strain amplifier 14 DSP 15 control CPU 16 axle structure 17 shock absorber 18 brake disc 19 tire 20 axle 21 sensor insertion hole 22 structure without axle 23 hole for axle insertion 24 single axis strain gauge 25 Uniaxial strain gauge 26 Wiring section 27 Electrode section 28 Cable 29 Connector 30 Hydraulic cylinder 31 Substrate by adhesive material a Strain gauge b Strain gauge c Strain gauge d Strain gauge e Resistance element f Sensor segment g Bridge circuit h Bench test stand

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[Document name to be amended] Drawing

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Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A shear stress detecting device in which a stress detecting sensor having a plurality of sensor segments made of strain gauges attached to the front and back of a substrate is attached to an axle of a vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle, wherein the stress detecting sensor comprises: At least four signals from the plurality of sensor segments are used to separate the stress applied to the stress detection sensor into the main directions F, N, T, and S to detect the stress acting on the wheel. A wheel action force measuring device characterized in that 2. A stress detection sensor having a plurality of sensor segments made up of strain gauges attached to the front and back of a board, and two sets of stress detection sensors arranged in a horizontal direction and a direction perpendicular to the stress detection sensor are attached to an axle of a vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle. In the shear stress detecting device described above, the first stress detecting sensor attached in the horizontal direction is
At least four signals of a plurality of sensor segments composed of strain gauges are calculated to detect stress in the main direction F applied to the stress detection sensors, and the second stress detection sensor attached in the vertical direction is composed of strain gauges. N applied to the stress detection sensor by calculating four signals from a plurality of sensor segments
Direction, T direction, S direction stress is detected, F direction stress detected from the first stress detection sensor attached in the horizontal direction, N direction detected from the second stress detection sensor attached in the vertical direction, A wheel action force measuring device characterized in that stress in the T direction and S direction is removed to be separated into pure stress acting in the F direction on a wheel for detection. 3. A plurality of wheel action measuring devices according to claim 2 are attached to an axle of a vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle to detect a plurality of F direction stress, N direction stress, T direction stress and S direction stress. ,
A wheel action force measuring device characterized in that N-direction stress, T-direction stress, and S-direction stress are removed from F-direction stress. 4. The stress detection sensor according to claim 2 is attached to an axle of a vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle, and at least four signals are calculated from each of the horizontal sensor element and the vertical sensor element, and F A wheel action force measuring device characterized by detecting a stress in a direction, a stress in an N direction, a stress in an S direction, and a stress in a T direction, respectively, and separating a stress applied to a sensor element in each direction. 5. A stress detection sensor is attached to an axle of a vehicle or in the vicinity of the axle to apply a stress in the F direction, a stress in the N direction, a stress in the T direction, and a stress in the S direction in advance, and a strain gauge is used. Calculate the unique signal value of the stress detection sensor
A wheel action force measuring device characterized in that pure stresses are separated to detect stress acting on a wheel.