JPH04281390A - High speed motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a reluctance type motor and a brushless DC motor having a high speed, a large tprqie and an excellent efficiency. CONSTITUTION:When energization of one armature coil is stopped, magnetic energy stored in a core is prevented from being circulated to a power source side by a reverse preventing diode, fed to and charged in a capacitor having a small capacitance to be held at a high voltage, and hence a current is abruptly dropped. Next armature coil is energized after a predetermined time, but since a charge voltage of the capacitor becomes high by the applied voltage, and hence the current is abruptly raised. Since the rise and fall of the current of the4 armature coil become abrupt, a motot can be rotated at several tens of thousands rpm. Further, means for energizing an inductance coil at the time of energizing the armature coil supplying magnetic energizes of both in the capacitor when the energizations of both are interrupted, energizing an armature coil to be energized next and supplementing energy loss due to copper loss and iron loss, is employed. Accordingly, a reluctance type motor having a high speed and a high torque can be obtained.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] This invention is used in industrial fields where well-known brushless motors and inverter-equipped induction motors are used.

2. Description of the Related Art Reluctance type electric motors have the advantage of having a large output torque and not requiring a magnetic rotor, but they also have many drawbacks, so there are almost no examples of them being put into practical use. In particular, there are no examples of high-speed electric motors being put into practical use. Also, for similar reasons, there are few examples of DC brushless motors being widely used.

0002

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] First Problem Reluctance type electric motors have a disadvantage in that they tend to generate vibrations. It is necessary to solve this problem. Second
Problems: Since the rotor has a large number of salient poles and a large inductance, the amount of magnetic energy stored or released in the magnetic poles and salient poles is large, and the number of times of storage and release per rotation is large. Therefore, although it has the advantage of having a large output torque, it also has the problem of low speed. Third Problem Although the above-mentioned problems have been solved in the case of a brushless DC motor, the same problems as the second problem arise when trying to obtain a higher-speed, high-torque electric motor.

Fourth Problem: Since the inductance of the armature coil is extremely large in the case of a reluctance type motor, the rise of current at the initial stage of energization is slow, and the current drop when energization is stopped is delayed. The former has the problem of reducing output torque, and the latter has the problem of generating counter torque. If the power source is set to a high voltage in order to speed up the initial rise of current, a sharp rise of the current will occur after the magnetic saturation point. For this purpose,
Since vibrations and electrical noise are generated, and the above-mentioned current rise section is a section where the torque is small, there is a problem that only the disadvantages are exacerbated. There is a problem in that high speed (tens of thousands of revolutions per minute) is impossible due to the above-mentioned reduced torque and counter torque. Even at the commonly used rotational speed (several thousand revolutions per minute), reduced torque and counter-torque occur, resulting in a disadvantage that the efficiency deteriorates. If a means of increasing the power supply voltage is adopted in order to increase the output torque, the voltage would exceed 1000 volts, which would be impractical. The same problem occurs with brushless DC motors at higher speeds.

[Means for Solving the Problems] First Means In a three-phase single-wave energized reluctance motor equipped with a fixed armature and a magnetic rotor, the magnetic rotor is arranged at a width equal to the outer circumferential surface of the magnetic rotor and at a separation angle equal to the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic rotor. The plurality of salient poles and magnetic poles protruding from the inner peripheral surface of the fixed armature and located in axially symmetrical positions are in phase, facing the salient poles with a small gap, and are arranged at equal pitches. and 6n magnetic poles (n is a positive integer) having a circumferential width of 120 degrees or 180 degrees in electrical angle, and a first magnetic pole attached to the magnetic poles. The rotational positions of the second and third phase armature coils and salient poles are detected, and a first phase position detection signal of a rectangular wave with a width of 120 degrees in electrical angle and a phase difference of 360 degrees is generated. Second and third phase position detection signals that have the same waveform and phase difference as the first phase position detection signal, and whose phases are sequentially delayed by 120 electrical degrees from the first phase position detection signal. a position sensing device including a plurality of position sensing elements capable of obtaining a switching element; and a switching element connected to both ends of each armature coil.
A diode connected in parallel and reversely to the negative voltage side of the DC power supply of the series connection body of the switching element and the corresponding armature coil, and a diode with one end reversely connected to the negative voltage side of the armature coil, and a diode connected in the forward direction to the DC power supply. through the first, second, and third diodes for backflow prevention connected to the first and second diodes, respectively.
, the first, second and third phase armature coils are electrically energized by the switching elements connected to both ends thereof being brought into conduction by the first, second and third phase position detection signals, respectively. second and third energization control circuits, and first and second energization control circuits;
, 1 on the negative voltage side mentioned above included in the third energization control circuit.
When the first, second, and third phase electronic machine coils are de-energized, the stored magnetic energy flows in and charges and retains the small capacitance through diodes whose ends are reversely connected. Simultaneously with the start of energization of the first, second, and third capacitors and the third phase electronic machine coil, the electrostatic energy charged in the first capacitor flows into and discharges the armature coil, and the second Simultaneously with the start of energization of the phase electronic coil and the first phase armature coil, the third capacitor and the second capacitor transfer the charged electrostatic energy to the second phase armature coil and the first phase armature coil, respectively. An electrical circuit that causes inflow and discharge into the armature coil of a phase, and an electric angle of 30 from the point where the salient pole begins to enter the magnetic pole.
means for fixing the position detection element to the fixed armature side so that energization of the armature coil wound around the magnetic pole is started at a point when a set angle has elapsed within the section before and after the angle; It is composed of Second means In claim 1, an inductance coil is energized by the width of the first half of the width of the first, second, and third phase position detection signals, and when the energization of the inductance coil is cut off,
It is composed of an electric circuit that causes the stored magnetic energy to flow into and charge the first, second, and third capacitors, respectively.

Third Means: In a three-phase full-wave energized reluctance motor equipped with a fixed armature and a magnetic rotor, a plurality of reluctance motors are arranged at a width equal to the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic rotor and at a separation angle equal to the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic rotor. The salient poles and the magnetic poles that protrude from the inner peripheral surface of the fixed armature and are located in axially symmetrical positions are in phase, facing the salient poles with a slight air gap, and are arranged at equal pitches. The circumferential width of the magnetic pole to which the coil is attached is 120 degrees or 180 degrees in electrical angle.
The magnetic pole (n is a positive integer), the armature coil attached to the magnetic pole, and the rotational position of the salient pole are detected, and the first rectangular wave with a width of 120 degrees in electrical angle and a phase difference of 360 degrees is generated. The second and third position detection signals have the same waveform and phase difference as the phase position detection signal and the first phase position detection signal, and the phases of the second and third position detection signals are sequentially delayed by 120 degrees in electrical angle from the first position detection signal. It has the same waveform and phase difference as the phase position detection signal and the first phase position detection signal, and the phase is 1 electrical angle from the first phase position detection signal.
The first phase position detection signal is delayed by 80 degrees and has the same waveform and phase difference as the first phase position detection signal, and each phase is sequentially 120 degrees in electrical angle from the first phase position detection signal. A position detection device including a plurality of position detection elements that can obtain delayed position detection signals of the second and third phases, and one set of armature coils with single-wave energization of the first phase are connected to the first and first phases. Each set of single-wave energized armature coils for each of the second and third phases is called the second and second armature coils and the third and third armature coils, respectively. When called, a switching element connected to both ends of each armature coil and a diode connected in reverse in parallel to the negative voltage side of the DC power supply of the series connection body of the corresponding armature coil, and a diode connected to the negative voltage side of the electronic coil. A diode with one end connected in reverse, and a switching element connected to both ends of the first, second, and third armature coils attached to the magnetic poles of the fixed armature are connected to the first, second, and third armature coils, respectively.
The switching elements connected to both ends of the first, second, and third excitation coils attached to the other magnetic poles are made conductive by the width of the position detection signals of the second and third phases, respectively. 2. The electric circuit conducts the width of the position detection signal of the third phase, and the first and second energization control circuits that energize the first, second and third armature coils and the first, second and third armature coils, respectively, by conduction of switching elements connected to both ends; and the first and second energization control circuits through diodes whose one end is reversely connected to the negative voltage side described above, which are included in the first and second energization control circuits.
, when the third-phase armature coil and the first, second, and third-phase armature coils are de-energized, the small-capacity second phase inflow charges and retains the accumulated magnetic energy, respectively. 1,
Electrostatic charges charged in the first and first capacitors at the same time as the second and third capacitors, the first, second and third capacitors, and the start of energization of the armature coils of the third and third phases. Energy flows into and discharges into the third and third phase armature coils, respectively, and the electrostatic energy charged in the third and third capacitors simultaneously with the start of energization of the second and second phase armature coils. flows into and discharges into the second and second phase armature coils, respectively, and at the same time as the first and first phase armature coils start energizing, the second
, the electrostatic energy charged in the second capacitor is transferred to the first,
An electric circuit that causes inflow and discharge to the armature coil of the first phase, and a point where the salient pole starts to enter the magnetic pole is 3 in electrical angle.
Means for fixing the above-mentioned position detection element to the fixed armature side so that energization of the armature coil wound around the magnetic pole is started at a point where a set angle has elapsed within an interval around 0 degrees. It is composed of: Fourth means
In claim 3, the first inductance coil is energized by the width of the first half of the width of the position detection signals of the first, second, and third phases, and the width of the first, second, and third phase position detection signals. When the second inductance coil is energized by the width of the first half of , and the first inductance coil is de-energized, the stored magnetic energy flows into and charges the first, second, and third capacitors, respectively; When the second inductance coil is de-energized, the stored magnetic energy flows into the first, second, and third capacitors to charge them, respectively.

Fifth Means In a three-phase full-wave energized DC motor equipped with a fixed armature and a magnetic rotor, first, second, and third phase armature coils attached to the magnetic poles of the armature and , when the first phase is in the forward direction energization mode, it is called the first phase armature coil, when it is in the reverse direction energization mode, it is called the first phase armature coil, and the second, 3, the armature coils of the second and third phases, respectively, in the forward energization mode, and the second and third phase armature coils, respectively, in the reverse energization mode.
When called the third phase armature coil, the position of the N and S magnetic poles of the magnet rotor is detected and the electrical angle is 120.
The position detection signal of the first phase of the rectangular wave with a phase difference of 360 degrees in the width of 12 degrees, and the phase of each wave is sequentially 12 degrees in electrical degrees.
It has the same width and phase difference as the second and third position detection signals that are delayed by 0 degrees and the first phase position detection signal, and the phase is delayed by 180 degrees in electrical angle from the first phase position detection signal. 1st
A plurality of position detection elements are positioned so as to obtain second and third phase position detection signals whose phases are successively delayed by 120 electrical degrees from the first phase position detection signal and the first phase position detection signal. A detection device, a switching element connected to both ends of each armature coil, a diode connected in parallel and reversely to the negative voltage side of the DC power supply of the series connection body of the switching element and the corresponding armature coil, and the negative voltage side of the armature coil. A diode with one end reversely connected to the voltage side and a switching element connected to both ends of the first, second, and third armature coils are used to generate the position detection signals of the first, second, and third phases, respectively. an electric circuit that conducts the switching elements connected to both ends of the first, second, and third armature coils by the widths of the position detection signals of the first, second, and third phases, respectively; , the first, second, third armature coils and the first, second, third armature coils via the first, second, ..., sixth diodes for backflow prevention connected in the forward direction to the DC power supply. The first and second energization control circuits each energize the armature coil by conduction of the switching elements connected to both ends, and the above-mentioned negative voltage side included in the first and second energization control circuits. When the first, second, and third phase armature coils and the first, second, and third phase armature coils are de-energized via a diode whose one end is reversely connected, First, second, and third capacitors of small capacity each inflowing and charging accumulated magnetic energy to hold the first, second, and third capacitors, and armature coils of the third and third phases. At the same time as the start of energization, the first
, the electrostatic energy charged in the first capacitor is transferred to the third capacitor,
The third armature coil is inflow and discharge, respectively, and the second and second
At the same time as the energization of the phase armature coils starts, the electrostatic energy charged in the third and third capacitors flows into and discharges the second and second phase armature coils, respectively. An electric circuit that causes electrostatic energy charged in second and second capacitors to flow into and discharge from the first and first phase armature coils, respectively, simultaneously with the start of energization of the phase armature coils, and each armature coil. The above-mentioned position sensing element is fixed to the fixed armature side so that the output torque generated by energization reaches a maximum value.

[0006]

[Operation] The armature coil is energized by the width of the position detection signal, and when the energization is stopped at the end, the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil flows into a small capacitor and charges it, resulting in a high voltage. Therefore, the time for the magnetic energy to disappear is significantly shortened, so that the generation of counter torque is prevented. The armature coil starts to be energized by the next position detection signal that arrives after a predetermined time, but since the applied voltage at this time is the charging voltage of the capacitor described above, the energizing current rises quickly. Therefore, generation of reduced torque is prevented. As can be seen from the above explanation, it has the effect of eliminating the drawback that it is impossible to increase the rotational speed of reluctance type electric motors.
It has the effect of solving the second and fourth problems. Although the inductance of the armature coil of a DC motor with a magnetic rotor is not as large as in the case of the reluctance type motor, higher speeds result in a reduction in torque and efficiency due to the inductance. Therefore, the third problem is solved by employing the above-mentioned means.

Since the armature coils of the magnetic poles located at symmetrical positions are energized at the same time, the magnetic attraction forces in the radial direction are balanced and the occurrence of vibration is suppressed, thereby solving the first problem. Further, in order to increase the charging energy of the capacitor mentioned above, the capacitor is charged by adding the magnetic energy stored in the inductance coil to the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil. Therefore, the decrease in magnetic energy of the armature coil due to iron loss and copper loss during charging can be supplemented and converted into magnetic energy of the armature coil to be energized next, so that the rise and fall of the energized current can be made faster. Therefore, there is an effect that high speed rotation can be obtained. This is particularly effective when the power supply voltage is low.

[0008]

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 and subsequent figures. Components with the same symbols in each drawing are the same members, so a duplicate description thereof will be omitted. All angles shown below are shown in electrical angles. Next, the configuration of a three-phase single-wave reluctance motor to which the present invention is applied will be described. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a fixed armature and a rotor. In Figure 1, symbol 1
is a rotor, and the width of its salient poles 1a, 1b,... is 180 degrees,
Each is arranged at an equal pitch with a phase difference of 360 degrees. The rotor 1 is made by known means of laminating silicon steel plates. Symbol 5 is the rotation axis. The fixed armature 16 has magnetic poles 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, 16
e, 16f are 180 degrees wide and are arranged at equal separation angles. The widths of the salient pole and the magnetic pole are equal at 180 degrees. The number of salient poles is 8 and the number of magnetic poles is 6. The armature 16 is also made by the same means as the rotor 1. The magnetic poles 16a, 16b, . . . have armature coils 17a, 1
7b, . . . are wrapped around each other.

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the magnetic poles and rotor of FIG. 1. In FIG. 1, an annular portion 16 and magnetic poles 16a, 16b
,... are fixed to an outer casing (not shown) to form a fixed armature. The part indicated by symbol 16 is a magnetic core that becomes a magnetic path. The armature coils 17a and 17d are connected in series or in parallel, and this connected body is called an armature coil 32a. Armature coils 17b, 17e and armature coils 17c, 17f are also connected in the same manner and are referred to as armature coil 32b and armature coil 32c, respectively. When the armature coil 32b is energized, the salient poles 1b and 1f are attracted, and the arrow A
The rotor 1 rotates in the direction. When the armature coil 32b is rotated by 120 degrees, the armature coil 32b is de-energized and the armature coil 32c is energized. When rotated further 120 degrees, armature coil 3
2c is de-energized, and armature coil 32a is energized. In the energizing mode, every 120 degree rotation, armature coil 3
2a→armature coil 32b→armature coil 32c→, and is cyclically alternated, and is driven as a three-phase single-wave motor. At this time, the magnetic poles located at axially symmetrical positions are magnetized into N and S poles, as shown in the figure. Since the two excited magnetic poles are always different in polarity, the leakage magnetic fluxes passing through the non-excited magnetic poles are in opposite directions, and the generation of counter torque is prevented.

In order to further reduce the above-mentioned leakage magnetic flux, the magnetic poles 16a and 16d of the first phase are each made into a set of two, and each is excited to the N and S magnetic poles by energizing the armature coil. The leakage magnetic flux caused by each set of two magnetic poles is canceled out and disappears at the other magnetic poles, and the leakage magnetic flux is almost eliminated. The other magnetic poles 16b, 16c, . The effect is the same, and the leakage magnetic flux disappears. In this case, the number of salient poles 1a, 1b, . . . is 16. In this case, the output torque is doubled. The armature coils 32a, 32b, and 32c are connected to the first, second, and third armature coils, respectively.
It is called the phase armature coil. Although the number of salient poles of the rotor 1 in FIG. 1 is eight, the number of salient poles can also be set to four in order to reduce the diameter of the rotor 1. In this case, the width of the magnetic pole is 120 degrees. Coils 10a, 10b, 1 in FIG.
0c is a position detection element for detecting the position of the salient poles 1a, 1b, ..., and is fixed to the armature 16 side at the position shown in the figure.
The coil surfaces face the side surfaces of the salient poles 1a, 1b, . . . with gaps interposed therebetween. Coils 10a, 10b, 10c are 120
They are far apart. The coil has an air core with a diameter of 5 mm and about 100 turns. In FIG. 6, coils 10a, 1
From 0b and 10c, a device for obtaining a position detection signal is shown. In FIG. 6, a coil 10a, a resistor 15a,
15b and 15c form a bridge circuit, which is adjusted to be balanced when the coil 10a is not facing the salient poles 1a, 1b, . . . . Therefore, the outputs of the diode 11a and the capacitor 12a as well as the low-pass filter made up of the diode 11b and the capacitor 12b are equal, and the output of the operational amplifier 13 is at a low level. Symbol 10 is an oscillator that oscillates for about 1 megacycle. When the coil 10a faces the salient poles 1a, 1b, . . . , the impedance decreases due to iron loss (eddy current loss and hysteresis loss), so the voltage drop across the resistor 15a increases and the output of the operational amplifier 13 becomes high level.

The inputs to the block circuit 18 are the curves 33a, 33b, . . . in the time chart of FIG. 12, and the inputs through the inversion circuit 13a are the inverted curves 33a, 33b, . Block circuits 14a and 14b in FIG. 6 have the same configuration as the above-described block circuits including coils 10b and 10c, respectively. Oscillator 10
can be used in common. The output of the block circuit 14a and the output of the inversion circuit 13b are input to the block circuit 18, and their output signals are the inversions of the curves 34a, 34b, ... and the curves 34a, 34b, ... in FIG. . The output of the block circuit 14b and the output of the inversion circuit 13c are input to the block circuit 18, and their output signals are shown in curves 35a and 35 in FIG.
b, ... and the inverted version of this. Curve 33a, 3
3b,..., curves 34a, 34b,... have a phase of 1.
The curves 35a, 35b, . . . are delayed by 120 degrees in phase with respect to the curves 34a, 34b, . The block circuit 18 is a circuit commonly used in the control circuit of a three-phase Y-type brushless motor, and is connected to terminals 18a, 18b, ..., 18f by inputting the above-mentioned position detection signal.
This is a logic circuit that can obtain a rectangular wave electrical signal with a width of 0 degrees. The outputs of the terminals 18a, 18b, 18c are shown in curves 36a, 36b, ..., curves 37a, 3, respectively in FIG.
7b, . . . and curves 38a, 38b, . The outputs of the terminals 18d, 18e, 18f are curves 43a, 43b, ..., curves 44a, 44b, ..., curve 4, respectively.
5a, 45b, . . . Terminals 18a and 1
The phase difference between the output signal of 8d, the output signals of terminals 18b and 18e, and the output signals of terminals 18c and 18f is 180 degrees. Also, the output signals of terminals 18a, 18b, 18c are sequentially 1
There is a delay of 20 degrees, and the output signals of terminals 18d, 18e, and 18f are also sequentially delayed by 120 degrees. Coil 10a,
Instead of the opposing salient poles 1a, 1b... of 10b, 10c,
The same effect can be obtained by using an aluminum plate of the same shape that rotates synchronously with the rotor 1 in FIG.

In the plan view of FIG. 1 and the developed view of FIG.
The ring 16 and the magnetic poles 16a, 16b, . . . are fixed to the outer casing to form an armature. The part indicated by symbol 16 is a magnetic core that becomes a magnetic path. Symbol 16 and symbols 16a, 16b, . . . are called armatures or fixed armatures.

[0013] Since the radial magnetic attraction forces between the excited axisymmetric magnetic poles and the salient poles are balanced, the generation of vibrations is suppressed. The means for energizing the armature coils will now be described with reference to FIG. Transistors 20a, 20b and 20c, 20d are provided at both ends of the armature coils 32a, 32b, 32c, respectively.
and 20e, 20f are inserted. transistor 2
0a, 20b, 20c, . . . are switching elements, and may be other semiconductor elements having the same effect. Power is supplied from DC power supply positive and negative terminals 2a and 2b. When the lower input of the AND circuit 41a is at high level,
When a high level electrical signal is input from the terminal 42a,
The transistors 20a and 20b become conductive, and the exciting coil 3
2a is energized. Similarly, when a high level electrical signal is input from the terminals 42b and 42c, the transistor 20c
, 20d and the transistors 20e, 20f conduct,
Armature coils 32b and 32c are energized. Terminal 40 is a reference voltage for specifying armature current. By changing the voltage at terminal 40, the output torque can be changed. When the power switch (not shown) is turned on, the input of the negative terminal of the operational amplifier 40b is lower than that of the positive terminal, so the output of the operational amplifier 40b becomes high level, the transistors 20a and 20b conduct, and the voltage is applied to the armature coil. The voltage is applied to the energization control circuit 32a. The resistor 22a is a resistor for detecting the excitation current of the armature coils 32a, 32b, and 32c.

The input signals to the terminal 42a are the position detection signals 36a, 36b, . . . in FIG. 12, and the input signals to the terminals 42b, 42c are the position detection signals 37a, 37b, .
8b,... 1 of the above position detection signal curves
This is shown as curve 36a in the time chart of FIG. The armature coil 32a is energized by the width of this curve 36a. The arrow 23a indicates an energization angle of 120 degrees. At the beginning of energization, the rise is delayed due to the inductance of the armature coil, and when the energization is cut off, the accumulated magnetic energy is generally discharged back to the power supply, so the curve on the right side of the dotted line G It descends like the second half of 25. Since the section where positive torque occurs is the 180 degree section shown by arrow 23, counter torque occurs, reducing the output torque and efficiency. At high speed rotation, this phenomenon becomes extremely large and becomes unusable.

This is because the time width of the counter torque generation does not change even at high speeds, but the time width of the positive torque generation section 23 becomes smaller in proportion to the rotational speed. The above-mentioned situation is the same for the energization of the armature coils 32b, 32c by the other position detection signals 37a, 38a. Since the rise of curve 25 is also delayed, the output torque decreases. That is, reduced torque occurs. This is because the magnetic path is closed by the magnetic poles and salient poles, so it has a large inductance. Although a reluctance type electric motor has the advantage of being able to obtain a large output torque, it has the disadvantage of decreasing rotational speed because of the generation of the above-mentioned counter torque and reduced torque.

In the device of the present invention, diodes 49a, 49b, 49c and a capacitor 47a for preventing backflow shown in FIG.
, 47b, 47c, the above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated. curve 36a
When the current is cut off at the end of the armature coil 32a, the magnetic energy accumulated in the armature coil 32a is prevented from flowing back to the DC power supply side by the backflow prevention diode 49a, and is transferred to the diodes 21b and 2.
The capacitor 47a is charged to the polarity shown in the figure through the capacitor 1a, and is made to have a high voltage. Therefore, the magnetic energy quickly dissipates and the current drops rapidly. Curves 27, 27a, and 27b of the time chart in FIG. 7 represent the armature coil 32a.
This is the current curve flowing through the current, and the distance between the dotted lines on both sides is 120 degrees. The energizing current rapidly drops as shown by curve 27b, preventing the generation of counter torque, and capacitor 47a is charged and held at a high voltage.

Position detection signal (curve 38a) after a predetermined time
is input to the terminal 42c, the exciting coil 32c
is energized by conduction of transistors 20e and 20f. At this time, since the charging voltage of the capacitor 47a is applied, the voltage becomes high and the current rises rapidly. Even if the capacitor 47a is removed and a capacitor 47a is added, the above-mentioned effects are the same. Due to this action, the curve rises rapidly as shown by curve 27. Rising energization curve 27
In the middle, the rise shown in the figure becomes slow. This is because when magnetic energy moves between armature coils, it is converted into thermal energy and disappears due to copper loss in the coils and iron loss in the magnetic core. Means for eliminating such inconvenience will be described later. As explained above, the generation of reduced torque and counter-torque is eliminated, and the energization becomes close to a rectangular wave, so the output torque increases.

When the armature coil 32c is de-energized, the stored magnetic energy is transferred to the diodes 21e and 21f.
The voltage flows into the capacitor 47c and charges the capacitor 47c to maintain it at a high voltage. The electrostatic energy charged in the capacitor 47c is simultaneously applied to the armature when the position detection signal (curve 57a) is input to the terminal 42b, the transistors 20c and 20d are turned on, and the armature coil 32b starts to be energized. The current flows into the coil 32b and the current rises quickly. In this section, the electrostatic energy mentioned above is prevented from flowing back to the power supply side by the backflow prevention diode 49b, and power is not supplied from the power supply until the voltage of the capacitor 47c becomes equal to the terminals 2a and 2b, and the armature Energization of the coil is started. When the armature coil 32b is de-energized,
The capacitor 47b is charged and held at a high voltage via the diodes 21c and 21d, and the current drops rapidly. Next, when energization of the armature coil 32a is started,
The high voltage charged in the capacitor 47b causes the current to rise quickly. Capacitors 47a, 47b, 47c
Even if the capacitors 47a, 47b, and 47c are added after removing the capacitors 47a, 47b, and 47c, the above-mentioned effects are the same. As can be understood from the above description, the rise and fall of energization of each armature coil is rapid, and the object of the present invention is achieved. By setting the capacitors 47a, 47b, and 47c to a small capacity, and setting the capacitance to the smallest considering the withstand voltage characteristics of the circuit elements, it is possible to obtain a three-phase single-wave current motor with higher speed and higher torque. When applying electromagnetic braking during normal rotation, the terminal 42a
, 42b, . . . may be exchanged to generate the reverse rotation torque. Further, the purpose can be achieved by making three transistors conductive by the output of the operational amplifier 40b and circulating the outputs of the terminals 39a, 39b, and 39c to the power supply side via these transistors.

Next, the chopper circuit will be explained. When the armature current of the armature coil 32a increases and the voltage drop of the resistor 22a for its detection increases and exceeds the voltage of the reference voltage terminal 40 (the input voltage of the + terminal of the operational amplifier 40b), the AND circuit 41a Since the lower input of the transistor becomes low level, the transistors 20a and 20b are turned non-conductive.
Excitation current decreases. Due to the hysteresis characteristic of the operational amplifier 40b, the output of the operational amplifier 40b returns to a high level due to a decrease in the predetermined value, and the output of the operational amplifier 40b returns to the high level, and the transistors 20a and 2
0b is made conductive and the excitation current increases. By repeating this cycle, the excitation current is maintained at the set value. The section indicated by the curve 27a in FIG. 7 is the section where chopper control is performed. The height of the curve 27a is regulated by the voltage at the reference voltage terminal 40. The armature coil 32b in FIG.
Position detection signal curves 37a, 37b, input from 2b,
..., the transistors 20c and 20d are made conductive by the width, and the chopper control is performed by the operational amplifier 40b, the resistor 22a, and the AND circuit 41b. The above-mentioned circumstances are exactly the same regarding the armature coil 32c.
The position detection signal curves 38a and 38b of FIG. 12 are connected to the terminal 42c.
, . . . are input to control the energization of the armature coil 32c.

[0020] Each armature coil may be energized at any point within the range of about 30 degrees from the point where the salient pole enters the magnetic pole. The positions of the coils 10a, 10b, and 10c, which serve as position sensing elements, are fixed to the fixed armature side by adjusting the rotational speed, efficiency, and output torque. As can be understood from the above description, the object of the present invention is achieved because it is possible to efficiently produce large output and high speed rotation as a three-phase, single-wave energized electric motor. In the case of three-phase full-wave energization, the same objective can be achieved by configuring each wave by the above-mentioned means, the details of which will be described later. Curves 36a, 37a, . . . in the first row of the time chart in FIG. 8 are position detection signals, and curve 31a
, 31b, . . . are energization curves of the corresponding armature coils. Curves 26a, 26b, and 26c in the first row of FIG. The interval -3 is 180 degrees and is a section with output torque. Curves 9a, 9b, and 9c are output torque curves, and dotted line 2
At point 6-1, energization is started, and at the same time, the salient poles begin to penetrate into the magnetic poles. Curve 9a shows when the current in the armature coil is small and the torque is flat, but as the current increases, the torque peak value moves to the left as shown in curves 9b and 9c, and the width of the peak value also becomes narrower. . The point where energization starts is
Taking into account the above-mentioned torque characteristics and energizing current value, the fixed positions of the position detection coils 10a, 10b, and 10c can be adjusted so that the fixed position of the position detection coils 10a, 10b, and 10c is at the midpoint of the section 30 degrees apart from the point where the salient pole enters the magnetic pole. good.

Next, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a three-phase full-wave energized reluctance motor will be described. One example of the configuration of the electric motor in this case is shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a developed diagram thereof. In FIGS. 2 and 4, the rotating shaft 5
10 salient poles 1a, 1b, . . . with a width of 180 degrees and an equal separation angle are provided on a magnetic rotor 1 fixed to a magnetic rotor 1. On the fixed armature 16, twelve magnetic poles 16a, 16b, . . . each having a width of 120 degrees at the winding portion of the armature coil are arranged at equal pitches. The armature 16 is fixed inside the outer casing 9 and
The rotating shaft 5 is rotatably supported by bearings provided on the side plates on both sides. Armature coils 17a, 17b, . . . are attached to the magnetic poles 16a, 16b, . The coils 10a, 10b, 10c for position detection are 12
fixed to the side of the armature 16 at the illustrated position with a 0 degree separation,
It faces the side surfaces of the salient poles 1a, 1b, . coil 10
The electric circuit for obtaining the position detection signals from a, 10b, and 10c is the electric circuit shown in FIG. 6 described above, and the position detection signals shown by the respective curves of the time chart in FIG. 12 are obtained.

Each pole is armatured into N and S poles as shown by an armature coil. armature coil 17a,
17g connected in series or in parallel is called an armature coil 32a. Other armature coils 17b, 17h
, armature coil 17c, 17i, armature coil 17d,
17j, armature coil 17e, 17k, armature coil 1
Similarly connected coils 7f and 17l are respectively called armature coils 32d, 32b, 32e, 32c and 32f. Position detection signal curves 36a, 36b, . . . in FIG. 12
37a, 37b,..., 38a, 38b,... energize the armature coils 32a, 32b, 32c by the width thereof, and position detection signals 43a, 43b,..., 44a, 44b,
When the armature coils 32d, 32e, 32f are energized by the widths thereof by . . . , 45a, 45b, . The above-mentioned energization mode can also be expressed as follows. The armature coils 32a, 32b, and 32c are called first, second, and third armature coils, respectively, and the armature coils 32d, 32e, and 32f are called first, second, and third armature coils, respectively.
It is called the third armature coil. Both are energized with one wave each.

The one-phase armature coil is composed of first and first armature coils, and the second and third-phase armature coils are composed of second and second armature coils and third and third armature coils, respectively. Consists of child coils. Position detection signal curves 36a, 36b,
..., 37a, 37b, ..., 38a, 38b, ... are called first, second, and third phase position detection signals, respectively, and position detection signal curves 43a, 43b, ..., curves 44a, 44b
,..., curves 45a, 45b... are called first, second, and third phase position detection signals, respectively. The energized width of the armature coil is 120 degrees. The means for energizing the armature coil will be explained with reference to FIG. In FIG. 9, armature coil 32
The energization control means for a, 32b, and 32c are exactly the same as in the case of the three-phase single-wave energization described above, so a description thereof will be omitted. Armature coil 32a, by position detection signals 36a, 37a,...
Flowing current curves 28a, 28b, . . . of 32b, 32c are shown in the second row of the time chart in FIG. The block circuit N in FIG. 9 includes armature coils 32d, 32e, and 32f.
In the energization control circuit, the left armature coils 32a, 32b
, 32c.

From the terminals 42d, 42e, 42f, position signal curves 43a, 43b, . . . , curves 44a, 44b, .
Curves 45a, 45b, ... are respectively input, and the armature coils 32d, 32e, 32f are energized at 120 degrees, and due to the backflow prevention diode and small capacitor, the energization rises and falls quickly. There is. The energization curves based on the position detection signal curves 43a, 44a, 45a, . . . are shown as curves 29a, 29b, 29c, . . . in FIG. The output torque is the sum of the torques caused by energization of each armature coil. Curves 28a, 28b,
..., the dotted line portions of the curves 29a, 29b, ... are current values regulated by the chopper circuit described above. If the power supply voltage is low, e.g. battery power, the dotted line is
A substantially flat current value proportional to the difference between the power supply voltage and the back electromotive force can be obtained.

In either the three-phase single-wave or full-wave case described above, when magnetic energy is transferred between armature coils via a capacitor, energy decreases due to copper loss and iron loss, and the armature coil's energy decreases due to copper loss and iron loss. The rising characteristic deteriorates and becomes as shown by the curve 27 in the first row of FIG. Next, a means for improving the rising characteristics as shown by the curve 27c will be explained. In FIG. 12, the output of an AND circuit having two inputs of curves 36a, 36b, . . . and curves 44a, 44b, . By similar means, curves 59a and 59b
,..., curves 60a, 60b,... curves 61a, 61b,...
, curves 62a, 62b, . . . , curves 63a, 63b, . . . electrical signals having a width of 60 degrees and a phase difference of 360 degrees are obtained. The terminal 42g in FIG. 10 has curves 58a and 58b.
,..., curves 59a, 59b,..., curves 60a, 60b,
... electrical signals are input, transistors 20m, 20n
becomes conductive, and the inductance coil 24a is energized. The inductance coil 24a is a coil wound around a closed magnetic core, and its inductance is the armature coil 32a.
, 32b, . . . are used. When the conducting current increases, the voltage drop across the resistor 22f increases, and the input voltage of the + terminal of the operational amplifier 40f, that is, the reference voltage terminal 4
When the voltage exceeds 0, the output of the operational amplifier 40f is inverted to low level, so the output of the AND circuit 41g also becomes low level, and the transistor 20m is turned non-conductive. Electricity is supplied by the magnetic energy stored in the inductance coil 24a through the transistor 20n, the resistor 22f, and the diode 21m, and the conduction is reduced. When it decreases to a predetermined value, the output becomes high level due to the hysteresis characteristic of the operational amplifier 40f, and the transistor 20
m becomes conductive, and the current in the inductance coil 24a increases. Such energization is repeated to form a chopper circuit in which the energized current is regulated by the voltage of the reference voltage terminal 40. At the ends of the position detection signal curves 58a, 59a, 60a, the input to the terminal 42g disappears, so the transistors 20m, 20n are turned non-conducting, and the stored magnetic energy in the inductance coil 24a is transferred to the terminal via the diode and the transistor 4a. It is output from 4-1.

A position detection signal curve 36a is connected to the terminal 4-2.
, 36b, . . . , the transistors 4a and 4b are conductive only during the period where the input is present. Therefore, when the above-mentioned inductance coil 24a is de-energized, since it is at the center of the curves 36a, 36b,..., an output is obtained from the terminal 4-1 via the transistor 4a, and this output is sent to the terminal 39a in FIG. Since it is input, capacitor 47
a, and this electrostatic energy supplements the aforementioned heat loss as magnetic energy moves between the armature coils. Therefore, there is an effect that the rise of the curve 27 in FIG. 7 is made rapid like the curve 27c. Block circuits B and C in FIG. 10 have the same configuration as the circuits of transistors 4a and 4b, and terminals 4-3 and 4-5 have a position detection signal curve 37.
a, 37b, . . . and curves 38a, 38b, . Terminal 4-3, 4-
5 corresponds to terminal 4-2, and terminals 4-4 and 4-6 correspond to terminal 4.
-1. Therefore, armature coil 32b
, 32c has the same effect when the current supply is stopped, and the current rises quickly. The above explanation is for three-phase single-wave energization.

In the case of three-phase full-wave energization, a circuit including an inductance coil 24b is added. The terminal 42h has curves 61a, 61b, ..., curves 62a, 62 in FIG.
b,..., curves 63a, 63b,... are input, and terminal 4-
12, 4-7, and 4-9 have curves 43a and 43b, respectively.
,..., curves 44a, 44b,..., curves 45a, 45b,
... electrical signals are input. Operational amplifier 40g, AND circuit 41h, transistors 20p, 20q, resistor 22g
becomes a chopper circuit, and the fact that the regulated energization control is performed on the reference voltage terminal 40 means that the inductance coil 2
Same as 4a. Block circuits D and E have the same configuration as the circuits of transistors 4c and 4d, and terminals 4-8,
4-10 corresponds to terminal 4-11, and terminals 4-7, 4-9
corresponds to terminal 4-12. Terminal 4-12, 4-7
, 4-9 are the curves 43a, 43b, . . . in FIG. 12, respectively.
, curves 44a, 44b, ..., curves 45a, 45b, ... are input to the terminals 4-11, 4-8, 4-10.
The armature coils 32d, 32e, 3 in FIG.
It charges three capacitors that charge and hold the magnetic energy of each of 2f. Therefore, heat loss when magnetic energy is transferred between the armature coils can be compensated for. As can be understood from the above explanation, the object of the present invention can be achieved even in the case of three-phase full-wave energization. In the previous embodiment, the rise is delayed in the middle as shown by the curve 27 in FIG. 7, but in this embodiment, the rise is rapid as shown by the dotted line 27c, and after that, the current flow becomes flat due to the chopper action. Therefore, current is supplied in a shape close to a rectangular wave, which has the effect of increasing output torque and reducing ripple torque.

Next, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a three-phase DC motor having a magnetic rotor will be described. Figure 5
is a developed view of the magnet rotor 1 and the fixed armature 16. Symbols 1-1, 1-3, ... are S poles, symbols 1-2, 1
-4,... are magnetized as N poles, each N and S magnetic pole has a magnetic path closed by a mild steel cylinder, and the open end of the magnetic path becomes a field magnetic pole 16
a, 16b, . . . Magnetic poles 16a, 16b,
... are wound with armature coils 17a, 17b, .... The above-described configuration is that of a well-known three-phase full-wave current DC motor. The Hall elements 7a, 7b, 7c are opposed to the N and S magnetic poles 1-1, 1-2, . . . at a distance of 120 degrees. The Hall output is subjected to logic processing by a well-known circuit to obtain each position detection signal shown in FIG. A series or parallel connection body of the armature coils 17a and 17d is called an armature coil K. Armature coil 17b, 17e
Similar connections of the armature coils 17c and 17f are respectively referred to as armature coils L and M.

Position detection signal curves 36a, 36b, . . . , curves 37a, 37b, shown in FIG. 12 are applied to armature coils K, L, M.
..., curves 38a, 38b, ... are energized in the positive direction, and the armature coils K, L, M are supplied with position detection signal curves 43a, 43b, ..., curves 44a, 44b, ..., shown in FIG. 12, respectively.
When electricity is applied in the opposite direction by the width of the curves 45a, 45b, ..., the magnet rotor 1 rotates in the direction of arrow A3.
It becomes a phase DC motor. Next, the energization control circuit for each armature coil will be explained with reference to FIG. Transistor 20a, 2
When 0b is conductive, the armature coil K is energized to the right (positive direction), and when transistors 20c and 20d are conductive, the armature coil K is energized to the left (reverse direction). The above-mentioned situation is exactly the same for the armature coils L and M, and the armature coils L and M are energized in the forward and reverse directions by respectively conducting two diagonally located transistors. Terminal 42a,
Position detection signal curves 36a, 36b, ..., curves 37a, 37b, ..., curve 3 in FIG. 12 from 42b, 42c, respectively.
8a, 38b, ... are input, and terminals 42d, 42e, 4
2f, position detection signal curves 43a and 4 in FIG. 12, respectively.
3b, . . . and the electrical signals shown in the two curves below are input. Terminals 20-2 and 20-4 are connected to terminals 42b and 42c, respectively. Terminals 42a, 42b
, 42c, the corresponding transistors become conductive, so that the armature coils K, L, M are energized in the positive direction.

Therefore, it is driven as a DC motor with a three-phase single wave and a conduction angle of 120 degrees. The armature coils K, L, and M are in the positive direction energization mode, and the armature coils K, L, and M at this time are the first phase armature coil, the second phase armature coil, and the third phase armature coil, respectively. It is called the phase armature coil. Terminals 20-1 and 20-3 are terminals 42e and 42, respectively.
connected to f. The inputs to the terminals 42d, 42e, 42f cause the corresponding transistors to conduct, and the armature coils K, L, M to be energized in the opposite direction. Therefore, with a three-phase single wave,
It is driven as a DC motor with a conduction angle of 120 degrees. The armature coils K, L, and M at this time are respectively referred to as a first phase armature coil, a second phase armature coil, and a third phase armature coil. The first and first armature coils indicate the forward and reverse energization modes of the armature coil K, and the second,
The armature coils of the second, third, and third phases indicate the forward and reverse energization modes of the armature coils L and M, respectively. When the armature coils K, L, and M are double wound,
Since each armature coil is a set of two pieces, the above-mentioned first and second armature coils represent a set of two armature coils K wound around each other, and the other armature coils are considered in the same way. be able to.

As can be seen from the above explanation, the first, second,
The third phase armature coil is the excitation coil 32a in FIG.
32b and 32c, respectively. A member for controlling energization of the excitation coil 32a is an AND circuit 41a.
, transistors 20a, 20b, diodes 21a, 2
1b, diode 49a, and capacitor 47a, but when compared with the members of FIG. 11 with the same symbols, they have exactly the same effect on the positive direction energization of the armature coil of the first phase, that is, the armature coil K. . That is, only the width of the input signal to the terminal 42a is energized, and the current drops rapidly. The members and circuits that control the energization of the excitation coils 32b and 32c in FIG. 9 are exactly the same as the positive direction energization circuits of the second and third phase armature coils, that is, the armature coils L and M in FIG. 10. It has an effect. Members (diodes 49a, 49b, 49
c, capacitor 47a-1, 47b-1, 47c-1,
Transistors 20c, 20d, ..., diode 21d,
21f,..., etc.) have the same effect. operational amplifier 40
b, chopper circuit with resistor 22a and operational amplifier 40
The chopper circuit using the resistor 22b also has the same effect as that shown in FIG. Therefore, it is driven as a three-phase full-wave DC motor, and if necessary, the current can be controlled to be regulated to the voltage at the reference voltage terminal 40 by a chopper circuit. Since the rise and fall of energization in the forward and reverse directions of the armature coils K, L, and M become rapid, generation of counter torque and decreasing torque is prevented, and a high-speed and efficient electric motor is obtained, thereby achieving the object of the present invention. be done. Capacitors 47a, 47a-1, 47b
, 47b-1, . . . and the capacitors 47a, 47
Even if a-1, 47b, 47b-1... are attached, the effect is the same.

[0032]

[Effects of the Invention] First Effect: There is less vibration and the output torque can be increased. Ripple torque can be reduced by using a three-phase full-wave electric motor. Second effect
In the case of a brushless three-phase DC motor having a magnetic rotor, a high-speed motor is obtained, and even if the number of magnetic poles is increased, the speed does not become low, so a high-torque motor is obtained. Furthermore, an efficient and high-speed electric motor can be obtained. Third effect: An electric motor with high speed rotation (up to 100,000 revolutions per minute) can be obtained. Even during high-speed rotation, there is no reduction in torque or counter-torque, so an effective technology can be obtained. Fourth effect: When one armature coil is de-energized, the stored magnetic energy is converted into electrostatic energy of the capacitor,
This is converted into magnetic energy for the armature coil to be energized next. Therefore, by changing the capacitance of the capacitor, the rise and fall of the energizing current can be controlled at the required speed, so it is possible to obtain a highly efficient electric motor that rotates at high speed. Fifth effect: The magnetic energy stored in the inductance coil supplements the copper loss of the armature coil and the iron loss of the magnetic core when the magnetic energy moves between the armature coils. Therefore, the rise and fall of the current flowing through the armature coil can be made extremely rapid, so that a motor with high speed and large output torque can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

[Fig. 1] A plan view of a three-phase single-wave reluctance motor according to the present invention.

[Fig. 2] A plan view of a three-phase full-wave reluctance electric motor according to the present invention.

[Figure 3] Developed view of the armature and rotor of the motor in Figure 1

[Figure 4
] Developed view of the armature and rotor of the motor in Figure 2

[Figure 5] Developed view of the fixed armature and magnetic rotor of a DC motor with a magnetic rotor

[Figure 6] Electrical circuit diagram of a three-phase position sensing device

[Figure 7] Time chart of armature coil current and output torque

[Figure 8] Time chart of position detection signal and exciting current

[Figure 9] Armature coil energization control circuit diagram for three-phase full-wave energization

[Figure 10] Electrical circuit diagram with an inductance coil added to the circuit in Figure 9

[Figure 11] Power supply control circuit diagram of the armature coil of a DC motor with a magnetic rotor

[Figure 12] Time chart of position detection signal

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 1a, 1b,... Rotor and salient poles 5 Rotating shafts 16, 16a, 16b,... Armature and magnetic poles 17a, 1
7b,... Armature coil 9 Outer casing 10a, 10b, 10c Position detection coil 18, 14
a, 14b Block circuits 7a, 7b, 7c for obtaining position detection signals Hall elements 1 1-1, 1-2,..., magnet rotor and N
, S magnetic pole N Armature coil energization control block circuits 2a, 2b
DC power supply positive and negative poles 24a, 24b inductance coils K, L, M,
32a, 32b,... Armature coil B, C, D, E
Block circuits 33a, 33b, ..., 34a, 34b, ..., 35a, 3 that perform the same function as the transistors 4a, 4b.
5b..., 36a, 36b,..., 37a, 37b,..., 3
8a, 38b,..., 43a, 43b,..., 44a, 44
b,..., 45a, 45b,..., 58a, 58b,..., 5
9a, 59b,..., 60a, 60b,..., 61a, 61
b,..., 62a, 62b,..., 63a, 63b,...
Position detection signal curves 9a, 9b, 9c...torque curves

Claims (5)

[Claims] [Claim 1] 3 comprising a fixed armature and a magnetic rotor
In a reluctance motor with single-phase energization, a plurality of salient poles are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the magnetic rotor at equal widths and at equal separation angles, and protruding from the inner circumferential surface of the fixed armature at axially symmetrical positions. The magnetic poles located in the armature coils are in phase, facing the salient poles with a slight air gap, and are arranged at equal pitches, and the circumferential width of the magnetic poles to which the armature coil is attached is 120 degrees or 180 degrees in electrical angle. 6n pieces of degree width (n is a positive integer)
By detecting the rotational position of the magnetic pole, the first, second, and third phase armature coils attached to the magnetic pole, and the salient pole, a phase difference of 360 degrees in a width of 120 degrees in electrical angle is detected. The first phase position detection signal of a certain rectangular wave has the same waveform and phase difference as the first phase position detection signal, and each phase is sequentially 120 degrees in electrical angle from the first phase position detection signal. A position detection device including a plurality of position detection elements from which delayed second and third phase position detection signals can be obtained, a switching element connected to both ends of each armature coil, and an armature corresponding to the switching element. A diode connected in parallel and reversely to the negative voltage side of the DC power supply of the series connection body of the coil, a diode with one end connected reversely to the negative voltage side of the armature coil, and a diode for reverse current prevention connected in the forward direction to the DC power supply. A switching element connected to both ends of the armature coil of the first, second, and third phase, respectively, via the first, second, and third diodes connects the first
, first, second, and third energization control circuits that supply power by being made conductive by the second and third phase position detection signals, and included in the first, second, and third energization control circuits. When the electricity to the electronic machine coils of the first, second, and third phases is cut off, the accumulated magnetic energy flows through the diodes whose one end is reversely connected to the negative voltage side described above. First, second, and third capacitors of small capacity charge and hold the electrostatic energy charged in the first capacitor simultaneously with the start of energization of the third phase electronic machine coil. discharge flows into the second phase electronic coil and the first
Simultaneously with the start of energization of the armature coil of the phase, the electrostatic energy charged in the third capacitor and the second capacitor flows into and discharges the armature coil of the second phase and the armature coil of the first phase, respectively. Within an area approximately 30 electrical degrees from the point at which the salient pole begins to enter the magnetic pole, energization of the armature coil wound around the magnetic pole is started at a point where a set angle has passed. A high-speed electric motor comprising means for fixing the above-mentioned position detection element to a fixed armature side. [Claim 2] In the scope of claim 1,
An inductance coil is energized by the width of the first half of the width of the position detection signal of the first, second, and third phases, and when the inductance coil is de-energized, the stored magnetic energy is transferred to the first, second, and third phases, respectively. 1. A high-speed motor comprising: an electric circuit for inflowing and charging second and third capacitors. [Claim 3] 3 comprising a fixed armature and a magnetic rotor.
In a reluctance motor with full-phase energization, a plurality of salient poles are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the magnetic rotor at equal widths and at equal separation angles, and a plurality of salient poles protruding from the inner circumferential surface of the fixed armature are axially symmetrical. The magnetic poles at the positions are in phase, facing the salient poles with a slight air gap, and are arranged at equal pitches, and the circumferential width of the magnetic poles to which the armature coil is attached is 120 degrees or 120 degrees in electrical angle. By detecting 12n magnetic poles (n is a positive integer) with a width of 180 degrees, the armature coil attached to the magnetic poles, and the rotational position of the salient poles, the rotation position of the salient poles is detected, and the rotation position of the salient poles is detected.
It has the same waveform and phase difference as the first phase position detection signal of the rectangular wave with a phase difference of degrees, and the phase thereof is sequentially electrical angle from the first position detection signal. de1
It has the same waveform and phase difference as the second and third phase position detection signals that are delayed by 20 degrees and the first phase position detection signal, and the phase is 180 degrees in electrical angle from the first phase position detection signal. The delayed first-phase position detection signal has the same waveform and phase difference as the first-phase position detection signal, and each phase is sequentially delayed by 120 electrical degrees from the first-phase position detection signal. A position detection device including a plurality of position detection elements from which position detection signals of the second and third phases can be obtained, and a pair of armature coils with single-wave energization of the first phase are connected to the first and first electric machines. Each set of single-wave energized armature coils for each of the second and third phases is called a child coil, and each pair is called a child coil and a third armature coil, respectively.
, when referred to as the third armature coil, a switching element connected to both ends of each armature coil and a diode connected in reverse in parallel to the negative voltage side of the DC power supply of the series connection body of the corresponding armature coil; 1 on the negative voltage side of the electronic coil
A diode whose ends are reversely connected and a switching element connected to both ends of the first, second, and third armature coils attached to the magnetic poles of the fixed armature are connected to the first, second, and third coils, respectively.
The switching elements connected to both ends of the first, second, and third excitation coils attached to the other magnetic poles are connected to the first, second, and third excitation coils, respectively. An electrical circuit that conducts only the width of the phase position detection signal, and a first, second, and
......, due to the conduction of the switching element connected to both ends of the first, second, and third armature coils and the first, second, and third armature coils via the sixth diode, The first, second, and second energization control circuits are connected to each other through the first and second energization control circuits, and the diodes that are included in the first and second energization control circuits and have one end reversely connected to the negative voltage side. When the third phase armature coil and the first, second, and third phase armature coils are de-energized, the small-capacity first, 2nd, 3rd
capacitor, first, second, and third capacitors, and a third capacitor.
, the first phase, simultaneously with the start of energization of the third phase armature coil.
The electrostatic energy charged in the first capacitor is flowed into and discharged into the third and third phase armature coils, respectively, and the third and third phase armature coils are energized at the same time as the second and second phase armature coils start being energized. 3
The electrostatic energy charged in the capacitors flows into and discharges the second and second phase armature coils, respectively, and the second and second phase armature coils start energizing simultaneously. an electric circuit that causes electrostatic energy charged in the capacitor to flow into and discharge into first and first phase armature coils, respectively;
Within an area approximately 30 electrical degrees from the point at which the salient pole begins to enter the magnetic pole, energization of the armature coil wound around the magnetic pole is started at a point where a set angle has elapsed;
A high-speed electric motor comprising means for fixing the position detection element described above to a fixed armature side. [Claim 4] In the scope of claim 3,
A first inductance coil that is energized only for the first half of the width of the first, second, and third phase position detection signals, and a first inductance coil that is energized only for the first half of the width of the first, second, and third phase position detection signals. When the second inductance coil is energized and the first inductance coil is de-energized, the stored magnetic energy flows into and charges the first, second, and third capacitors, respectively, and the second inductance coil is charged. 1. A high-speed motor comprising: an electric circuit that causes stored magnetic energy to flow into and charge a first, second, and third capacitor when the current is cut off. 5. A three-phase full-wave DC motor equipped with a fixed armature and a magnetic rotor, comprising first, second, and third phase armature coils attached to the magnetic poles of the armature; When the first phase is in the forward direction energization mode, it is called the first phase armature coil, when it is in the reverse direction energization mode, it is called the first phase armature coil, and the second and third The magnet rotation is called the 2nd and 3rd phase armature coils respectively in the forward energization mode, and the 2nd and 3rd phase armature coils respectively in the reverse energization mode. Child N
, Detecting the position of the S magnetic pole, 3 in a width of 120 degrees in electrical angle
A first phase position detection signal of a rectangular wave with a phase difference of 60 degrees, second and third position detection signals whose phases are sequentially delayed by 120 degrees in electrical angle, and a first phase position detection signal. The first phase position detection signal has the same width and phase difference, and the phase is delayed by 180 electrical degrees from the first phase position detection signal, and the first phase position detection signal has a phase sequentially smaller than that of the first phase position detection signal. A position detection device includes a plurality of position detection elements capable of obtaining second and third phase position detection signals separated by 120 degrees in electrical angle, a switching element connected to both ends of each armature coil, and a switching element. A diode connected in parallel and reversely to the negative voltage side of the DC power supply of the series connection body of the corresponding armature coil, and a diode having one end reversely connected to the negative voltage side of the armature coil, and the first, second, and The switching elements connected to both ends of the armature coil of No. 3 are connected to the first
, conducting only the width of the second and third phase position detection signals,
An electrical circuit that connects the switching elements connected to both ends of the first, second, and third armature coils by the width of the position detection signals of the first, second, and third phases, respectively, and a DC power supply. to the first, second, third armature coils and the first, second, third armature coils through the first, second, ..., sixth diodes for backflow prevention connected in the direction. On the other hand, due to the conduction of the switching elements connected to both ends, the first and second energization control circuits are energized, respectively, and one end is reversely connected to the above-mentioned negative voltage side included in the first and second energization control circuits. When the first, second, and third phase armature coils and the first, second, and third phase armature coils are de-energized, the stored magnetic energy is and the start of energization of the first, second, and third capacitors of small capacity, which respectively inflow charge and hold the first, second, and third capacitors, and the armature coils of the third and third phases. At the same time, the electrostatic energy charged in the first and first capacitors flows into and discharges to the third and third armature coils, respectively, and at the same time the second and second phase armature coils start energizing, the third , the electrostatic energy charged in the third capacitor flows into and discharges the second and second phase armature coils, respectively, and at the same time as the start of energization of the first and first phase armature coils, the second, An electric circuit that causes the electrostatic energy charged in the second capacitor to flow into and discharge the first and first phase armature coils, respectively, and an output torque that is generated by energizing each armature coil to a maximum value. A high-speed electric motor comprising means for fixing the position detection element described above to a fixed armature side.