JPH02204028A - Composite material with sliding property and manufacture thereof - Google Patents
Composite material with sliding property and manufacture thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02204028A JPH02204028A JP2249489A JP2249489A JPH02204028A JP H02204028 A JPH02204028 A JP H02204028A JP 2249489 A JP2249489 A JP 2249489A JP 2249489 A JP2249489 A JP 2249489A JP H02204028 A JPH02204028 A JP H02204028A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- dispersed
- dispersion
- composite
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- -1 metalloid alkoxide Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006172 Tetrafluoroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000467686 Eschscholzia lobbii Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003353 gold alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、高硬度の摺動性複合物品、ならびにその製造
法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a highly hard sliding composite article and a method for manufacturing the same.
とくに詳しくは、本発明は、低摩擦係数や難付着性が要
求される機械部品、構造材料、日用品などの表面に応用
できる、高硬度な摺動性複合材料ならびにその製造法に
関するものである。In particular, the present invention relates to a highly hard sliding composite material that can be applied to the surfaces of mechanical parts, structural materials, daily necessities, etc. that require a low coefficient of friction and low adhesion, and a method for producing the same.
従来、フン素樹脂や固体潤滑材料が、低摩擦係数及び難
付着性の特性を有していることは知られているが、フン
素樹脂は硬度が低くて低荷重丁の条件での使用に限定さ
れること、また固体潤滑材料は粉末である場合が多くて
、追加・供給が必要であることなどの問題を有している
。It has been known that fluorine resins and solid lubricating materials have low coefficient of friction and low adhesion properties, but fluorine resins have low hardness and cannot be used under low load conditions. Moreover, solid lubricating materials are often powders, which require addition and supply.
また、Ｎｉなどの金属マトリックス中にフッ素樹脂等の
潤滑材料を分散させた複合材料が知られている。しかし
、Ｎｉなとの金属は、比較的硬度が低く、これまでに高
硬度で耐摩耗性に優れた摺動材料は無かった。Composite materials are also known in which a lubricating material such as a fluororesin is dispersed in a metal matrix such as Ni. However, metals such as Ni have relatively low hardness, and so far there has been no sliding material with high hardness and excellent wear resistance.
さらに、一般に金属マトリックスの複合材料は、メツキ
プロセスにより作成されていたので、被コーテイング材
料の材質や形状に制限があることや、被コーテイング材
料に応じてメツキ槽が必要であるなど、設備も大規模な
ものが必要であることなどの問題を有している。Furthermore, since metal matrix composite materials are generally created by the plating process, there are restrictions on the material and shape of the material to be coated, and plating tanks are required depending on the material to be coated, and the equipment is also large. There are problems such as the need for scale.
〔課題を解決するだめの手段］
本発明者らは、かかる問題について鋭意検討を重ねた結
果、簡単な加熱乾燥によって容品に分解して、高硬度の
性質をもつ金属または半金属（以ｒ、単に（′Ｉｆ−）
金属）という）の酸化物に転化する（半）金属アルコキ
シドをマトリックス構成原籾として用いることによって
、（半）金属酸化物マトリックス中に固体潤滑材料微粒
子（以下、単に分散粒子と云う）が分散（Ｉ！没）した
高硬度の摺動性複合材料が得られることを見出し、本発
明を完成するに至った。[Means to Solve the Problem] As a result of intensive studies on this problem, the present inventors have decomposed it into a container by simple heating and drying to produce metals or metalloids (hereinafter referred to as r) having high hardness properties. , simply ('If-)
By using a (semi-)metal alkoxide that converts into an oxide of (hereinafter referred to as a metal) as the raw rice for the matrix, solid lubricant fine particles (hereinafter simply referred to as dispersed particles) are dispersed in the (semi-)metal oxide matrix. The present inventors have discovered that it is possible to obtain a sliding composite material with high hardness, and have completed the present invention.
すなわち、本発明は；
■金属母材及びその表面層を形成する摺動性複合材料薄
層から構成され、しかも前記薄層が、金属または半金属
酸化物マトリンジス中に固体潤滑材ｔ４？ｌＩ粒子が分
散（埋没）してなる構造を有することを特徴とする、高
硬度の摺動性複合材料薄層面をもつ複合物品である。ま
た、
■金属母材表面に、金属または半金属アルコキシドと固
体潤滑材料微粒子とを含む分散液を通用して金属母材表
面に被膜を形成し、次いで高温で乾燥処理して、金属ま
たは半金属酸化物マトリックス中に固体潤滑材ｆ４微粒
子が分散（ｆ！Ｉ没）してなるＦｌ！１１を、金属母材
表面に形成してなることを特徴とする、高硬層の摺動性
複合材料薄層面をもつ複合物品の製造法である。That is, the present invention is: (1) composed of a metal base material and a thin layer of a sliding composite material forming a surface layer thereof, and furthermore, the thin layer includes a solid lubricant T4? in a metal or semimetal oxide matrix. This is a composite article having a thin layer surface of a highly hard and slidable composite material, which is characterized by having a structure in which lI particles are dispersed (buried). In addition, a dispersion containing a metal or semimetal alkoxide and solid lubricating material fine particles is passed through the surface of the metal base material to form a film on the surface of the metal base material, and then dried at high temperature to form a film on the surface of the metal or semimetal. Fl! is made of solid lubricant f4 fine particles dispersed (f!I) in an oxide matrix! 11 is formed on the surface of a metal base material, and is a method for manufacturing a composite article having a thin layer surface of a sliding composite material with a high hardness layer.
以下、本発明を具体的に説明する。The present invention will be specifically explained below.
本発明において、金属母材表面に薄層で形成される摺動
性複合材料は、下記の処理手段により作成される。In the present invention, the sliding composite material formed as a thin layer on the surface of the metal base material is created by the following processing means.
■処理分散液の調製；
０．１〜１０μｍ程度の粒径を有する固体潤滑材料微粒
子（以下、単に分散粒子という）と、金属あるいは半金
属のアルコキシド（以下、単にアルコキシドという）と
を混合して、被膜形成用分散液を作成する。■Preparation of treatment dispersion: Mix solid lubricant fine particles (hereinafter simply referred to as dispersed particles) having a particle size of approximately 0.1 to 10 μm with a metal or metalloid alkoxide (hereinafter simply referred to as alkoxide). , to prepare a film-forming dispersion.
この分散液には、必要に応じて水、界面活性剤、増粘剤
（粘度調整剤）などが添加されていて、分散粒子の分散
状態並びに分散液の粘度の調整を行う、このような分散
液の粘度ｇ４整の度合いによって、得られる複合材１４
１層の厚みが左右される。Water, a surfactant, a thickener (viscosity modifier), etc. are added to this dispersion liquid as necessary, and such dispersion liquid adjusts the dispersion state of the dispersed particles and the viscosity of the dispersion liquid. Composite material 14 obtained depending on the degree of viscosity g4 adjustment of the liquid
It depends on the thickness of one layer.
前記分散粒子としては、フッ素系樹脂、二硫化モリブデ
ン、グラファイトなど、潤滑などの目的で一般に使用さ
れる任意の固体潤滑材料が使用できる。As the dispersed particles, any solid lubricant material commonly used for the purpose of lubrication, such as fluororesin, molybdenum disulfide, and graphite, can be used.
これら分散粒子とアルコキシドとを含む（水性）分散液
の調製は、具体的には、例えばフッ素系樹脂の場合のよ
うに、界面活性剤などの分散剤を用いての水性懸濁重合
などにより予め分散粒子含有分散液を作成し、次いで、
アコキシドと混合しても良いし、あるいは−船釣には、
分散粒子とアルコキシドとを混合し、必要に応じて水、
界面活性剤などを添加撹拌してもよい。Specifically, the (aqueous) dispersion containing these dispersed particles and alkoxide is prepared in advance by aqueous suspension polymerization using a dispersant such as a surfactant, as in the case of a fluororesin. A dispersion liquid containing dispersed particles is created, and then
Can be mixed with axoxide or - for boat fishing.
Mix the dispersed particles and the alkoxide, add water if necessary,
A surfactant or the like may be added and stirred.
前記分散粒子の粒径は、とくに制限されないが、通常こ
のような低摩擦係数及び難付着性などの目的に使用され
る範囲の粒径のものを使用できる。The particle size of the dispersed particles is not particularly limited, but particles having a particle size within the range usually used for purposes such as low friction coefficient and hard adhesion can be used.
フッ素系樹脂としては、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン（
ＰＴＦＥ） 、テトラフルオロエチレン−プロピレン系
共重合体、フッ化ビニリデン−へキサフルオロオレフィ
ン系共重合体などを挙げうるが、ＰＴＦＥが好ましく使
用できる。As a fluororesin, polytetrafluoroethylene (
PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-propylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoroolefin copolymer, etc., but PTFE is preferably used.
また、前記アルコキシドは、Ｓｉ、Ｓｂ、Ｂｉ、Ｇｅな
どの半金属あるいはＡＩ、Ｆｅ、、Ｃｕ、Ｃｏ、Ｗ、Ｔ
ｉなどの金属と、アルコール類とにより得られる有機金
属化合物であり、
一般に、構造式：
％式％（１）
（ただし、式中Ｍは金属あるいは半金属であり、Ｒは同
−又は異なる有機基、例えばアルキル、シクロアルキル
、アリール基などである。）で表される。Further, the alkoxide may be a semimetal such as Si, Sb, Bi, Ge, or a metalloid such as AI, Fe, Cu, Co, W, T.
It is an organometallic compound obtained from a metal such as i and an alcohol, and generally has a structural formula: % formula % (1) (wherein M is a metal or metalloid, and R is the same or different organic (eg, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl groups, etc.).
そして、また、前記構造式において、Ｍに直結して他の
有機基Ｒ°が結合した化合物、即ちＪ？’ 、 Ｍ （
ＯＲ） 、 ・・ 〔２〕もアルコキシドとして使用
できる。Also, in the above structural formula, there is a compound in which M is directly connected to another organic group R°, that is, J? ' , M (
OR), ... [2] can also be used as an alkoxide.
前記アルコキシドとしては、例えば、Ｓｉアル」キシド
、ＡＩアルコキシド、′Ｔｉアルコキシド、Ｃｏアルコ
キシド、Ｗアルコキシド、Ｃｕアルコキシド、Ｆｅアル
コキシドなどを挙げることができる。Examples of the alkoxide include Si alkoxide, AI alkoxide, 'Ti alkoxide, Co alkoxide, W alkoxide, Cu alkoxide, and Fe alkoxide.
本発明の複合材料を作製する場合、分散液中の分散粒子
のｆ１麿範囲は、１〜７０容看％、好ましくは１〜５０
￥ｇ盪％である。７０容蓋％以上の濃度では、分散粒子
がうまく分１ｈ ｂないし、また得られた複合材料の硬
度が著しく低くなり容易に摩耗する。When producing the composite material of the present invention, the f1 range of the dispersed particles in the dispersion liquid is 1 to 70%, preferably 1 to 50%.
It is ￥g%. At a concentration of 70% or more, the dispersed particles are not well dispersed, and the hardness of the resulting composite material is extremely low and easily abraded.
■複合被膜の形成；
次に、この混合分散液を被塗物である金属母材に適用す
る。この適用手段には、公知の塗布または被膜形成手段
を採用できるが、例えば被塗物の浸漬、引き上げ、塗布
、スプレー、印刷技術などが使用できる。(2) Formation of composite film: Next, this mixed dispersion is applied to the metal base material to be coated. As the application means, any known coating or film forming means can be employed, such as dipping, pulling up, coating, spraying, printing techniques, etc. of the object to be coated.
なお、金属母材は予め脱脂することが良く、また、形成
される（半）金属酸化物マトリックスと金属母材との被
着性向上のために、必要なら金属母材の被塗面を予め下
地処理してもよい。It is recommended that the metal base material be degreased in advance, and if necessary, the surface of the metal base material to be coated may be degreased in advance to improve the adhesion between the (semi-)metal oxide matrix and the metal base material. Surface treatment may be applied.
その後、高温で乾燥処理する。これによって、分散液中
のアルコキシドが分解して、分散粒子を分Ｗ１（埋没）
したく半】金属酸化物マド’Ｊ ｙクスが形成される。Then, it is dried at high temperature. As a result, the alkoxide in the dispersion liquid is decomposed and the dispersed particles are separated by W1 (buried).
A metal oxide compound is formed.
従って、乾燥処理の温度は、アルコキシドの種類によっ
ても異なるが、前記アルコキシドが分解して相当する酸
化物に転化できる温度であれば良く、通常２５０°Ｃ程
度で実用上問題のない硬度を有する（半）金属酸化物被
膜が得られる。また、その温度よりも高温でも作製可能
であるが、とくに分Ｗｋ粒子としてフッ素系樹脂を使用
する場合には、その熔融・焼結温度３００〜３５０°Ｃ
付近での加熱は、その保形性上から避けるのが好ましい
。Therefore, the temperature of the drying treatment varies depending on the type of alkoxide, but it is sufficient as long as the alkoxide can be decomposed and converted into the corresponding oxide, which usually has a hardness of about 250°C with no practical problems ( A semi)metal oxide film is obtained. In addition, it can be produced at a higher temperature than that temperature, but especially when using a fluororesin as the Wk particles, the melting/sintering temperature is 300 to 350°C.
It is preferable to avoid heating in the vicinity from the viewpoint of shape retention.
また、２５０℃以下の乾燥処理では、なるべく高い温度
で行うのが、高硬度の被膜の形成の点から望ましい。Further, in the drying treatment at 250° C. or lower, it is desirable to perform the drying treatment at a temperature as high as possible from the viewpoint of forming a highly hard coating.
乾燥又は加熱手段としては、例えば焼付塗装などに用い
る任意の加熱手段を使用できるが、例えば恒温槽、ヒー
トガン、熱風乾燥、誘導加熱、加熱炉などを挙げること
ができる。As the drying or heating means, for example, any heating means used for baking coating can be used, and examples thereof include a constant temperature bath, a heat gun, hot air drying, induction heating, and a heating furnace.
前記ヒートガンと呼ばれる比較的に高温の発生が可能な
ドライヤーを用いて、百数十゛Ｃ程度の比較的低温加熱
でも、低荷重下の使用条件でなら十分使用に耐える複合
材１！４被ＩＩＩ（以下、巾に複合被膜という）の形成
が可能である。Using a dryer called a heat gun that can generate a relatively high temperature, the composite material 1!4 can be heated at a relatively low temperature of about 100-odd degrees Celsius and can withstand use under low load conditions. (hereinafter referred to as a composite film) can be formed.
本発明の方法によると、浸漬、塗布などの塗装１段と乾
燥手段との組合せのプロセスを採用しているために、節
倹で且つ大規模なｊ２備を必要としない。The method of the present invention is economical and does not require large-scale equipment because it employs a process that combines one-stage coating such as dipping or coating with drying means.
また、本発明の方法により金属母材の形状が複雑な場合
にも容易に複合被膜が形成しうる。Further, by the method of the present invention, a composite coating can be easily formed even when the shape of the metal base material is complicated.
また、母材表面の凹凸が大きい場合でも、本発明の方法
を適用することにより、複合被膜が形成されて表面の凹
凸が小さくなって、摩擦係数を低下させることが出来、
優れた摺動性を付与できる。Furthermore, even when the surface of the base material has large irregularities, by applying the method of the present invention, a composite film is formed, the irregularities on the surface become smaller, and the coefficient of friction can be lowered.
Can provide excellent sliding properties.
■複合物品の特徴；
以ト、説明した処理方法によって得られた複合物品は、
第１図に示されるように、（半）金属酸化物のマトリッ
クス中に固体潤滑材料微粒子からなる分散粒子が分散（
埋没）している複合材料が薄層で金ｉ母材表面に積層・
密着している構造を有している。■Characteristics of the composite article: The composite article obtained by the processing method described below has the following characteristics:
As shown in Figure 1, dispersed particles consisting of solid lubricant fine particles are dispersed (
A thin layer of composite material (buried) is laminated on the surface of the gold i base material.
It has a close contact structure.
前記複合材料の薄層の厚みは、特に限定されないが、複
合材料の薄層の厚みが薄すぎると、金属母材の露出が生
し易くなるし、また、厚すぎると、！１ ＃１が生じ易
くなる。従って、通常１−１００μｍ程度、好ましくは
５〜７０μｍ程度のものが用いられる。The thickness of the thin layer of the composite material is not particularly limited, but if the thin layer of the composite material is too thin, the metal base material is likely to be exposed, and if it is too thick! 1 #1 is more likely to occur. Therefore, a thickness of about 1 to 100 μm, preferably about 5 to 70 μm is used.
金属母材としては、軟調、ステンレス鋼などの鉄鋼材料
あるいは銅やアルミニウムなどの非鉄金属材ｆ４（金合
金）が使用できる。As the metal base material, a soft-tone steel material such as stainless steel, or a non-ferrous metal material f4 (gold alloy) such as copper or aluminum can be used.
ここで、（半）金属酸化物マトリックス中での分散粒子
の分子ｉ（埋没）とは、分散粒子が均一に分散している
ことが好ましいが、これに限定されず、第１図に示され
るように、一部分の分散粒子が接触していてもよく、ま
た、分散（埋没）の程度も第１図に示されるように、分
散粒子が部分的にマトリックス面上に突出している状態
をも含んでいる。Here, the molecule i (embedded) of the dispersed particles in the (semi-)metal oxide matrix means that the dispersed particles are preferably uniformly dispersed, but are not limited to this, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. I'm here.
本発明の複合物品の薄層を構成する）８動性複合材料は
、低摩擦係数及び難付着性の特性を有し、かつ高硬度で
無潤滑の特徴をも併せもつ。The 8-dynamic composite material (constituting the thin layer of the composite article of the present invention) has the characteristics of a low coefficient of friction and low adhesion, and also has the characteristics of high hardness and no lubrication.
従って、このような特徴を持つ本発明の複合材料は、フ
ライパン、なべなど、低Ｆｉ！擦係数及び難付着性が要
求される機械部品や構造材料、日用品などの各種物品の
摺動性表面形成への応用が可能である。Therefore, the composite material of the present invention having such characteristics can be used in frying pans, pots, etc. with low Fi! It can be applied to forming sliding surfaces of various articles such as mechanical parts, structural materials, and daily necessities that require a high coefficient of friction and low adhesion.
本発明を下記の実施例により具体的に説明するが、これ
は本発明の範囲を制限するものでない。The present invention will be specifically explained by the following examples, but these are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
なお、実施例に使用した試験方法は、以下のとおりであ
る；
・動摩擦係数の測定：
第３図に示されるように、先端か直径１０ｍｒｎの球形
をしたクロムめっきの圧子を、荷重５０ｇ下で被検サン
プルに押付け、２．５ｍｍ／ｓの速度で被検サンプルを
移動させた、圧子にかかる被検サンプルの移動方向と平
行な力から計算した値。The test method used in the examples is as follows: - Measurement of dynamic friction coefficient: As shown in Figure 3, a chrome-plated indenter with a spherical tip diameter of 10 mrn was pressed under a load of 50 g. The value calculated from the force parallel to the moving direction of the test sample applied to the indenter, which was pressed against the test sample and moved the test sample at a speed of 2.5 mm/s.
・鉛工硬度の測定； ＪＩＳ−に５４００に準拠。・Measurement of lead work hardness; Based on JIS-5400.
・剪断応力離型性 、Ｊ Ｉｓ−に６８５４に準拠。- Shear stress mold releasability, based on JIS-6854.
第５図に示すように、接着面同士をエポキシ系接着剤で
貼り合わせ、接着界面に剪断力がかかるように負荷し、
その強度を求める。As shown in Figure 5, the adhesive surfaces are pasted together using epoxy adhesive, and a load is applied so that shearing force is applied to the adhesive interface.
Find its strength.
・引張り応力離型性の測定、ＪＩＳ−に６８４９に準拠
。- Measurement of tensile stress mold releasability, based on JIS-6849.
第７図に示されるように、接着面同士をエポキシ系接着
剤で貼り合わせ、接着界面に引張り力がかかるように負
荷し、その強度値を求める。As shown in FIG. 7, the adhesive surfaces are bonded together using an epoxy adhesive, a tensile force is applied to the adhesive interface, and the strength value is determined.
実施例１
分散粒子としてポリテトラフロオｌ−３エチレン微粒子
（粒径０．５μｍ）（以下、単にＰＴＦＨと略記する）
を含む水性分散液を予め調製し、次いで、Ｓｉアルコキ
シド（Ｒ＝ＣＨ，）のａ景を添加して、比較的粘稠な２
０〜５０容量％の分散粒子を含む水性分散液を作製し、
た。Example 1 Polytetrafluoro I-3 ethylene fine particles (particle size 0.5 μm) as dispersed particles (hereinafter simply abbreviated as PTFH)
An aqueous dispersion containing Si alkoxide (R=CH,) is then added to form a relatively viscous 2
Creating an aqueous dispersion containing 0 to 50% by volume of dispersed particles,
Ta.
この際、この分散液に界面活性剤などの各種添加剤を必
要に応じて加えて、分散液の粘度や分散粒子の分散性を
調整した。At this time, various additives such as surfactants were added to the dispersion as necessary to adjust the viscosity of the dispersion and the dispersibility of the dispersed particles.
次に、Ａ１母材片をこの分散液に浸漬後、恒温槽中で２
００°Ｃ，１時間乾燥処理して、Ａ１母材片表面に厚み
約５０μｍの薄層が形成された複合物品が得られた。Next, after immersing the A1 base material piece in this dispersion, it was placed in a constant temperature bath for 2 hours.
After drying at 00°C for 1 hour, a composite article was obtained in which a thin layer with a thickness of about 50 μm was formed on the surface of the A1 base material piece.
この被検サンプルの動摩擦係数を測定した結果を、第２
図に示す。The results of measuring the coefficient of kinetic friction of this test sample were
As shown in the figure.
第２図に示されるように、複合被膜中の分散粒子として
のフッ素系樹脂の割合で、効果の程度に差は生ずるが、
本発明の複合材ｔ４による処理を行うことで、勅１擦係
数は著しく低下する。As shown in Figure 2, the degree of effectiveness varies depending on the proportion of fluororesin as dispersed particles in the composite film.
By performing the treatment with the composite material t4 of the present invention, the coefficient of friction is significantly reduced.
実施例２
ＡＩ母材表面に、二硫化モリブデン微粒子（粒径約０．
５μｍ）を分散粒子として、２０容量％含むＡ１アルコ
キシド（Ｒ＝ＣＨ，、Ｃ！ Ｈ３）の水性分散液を塗布
した後、ヒートガンで約２００°Ｃで１０分間乾燥処理
して、厚み約５０μｍの複合被膜を持つ複合物品を作製
した。Example 2 Fine particles of molybdenum disulfide (particle size of about 0.05 mm) were applied to the surface of the AI base material.
After applying an aqueous dispersion of A1 alkoxide (R=CH,,C! A composite article with a composite coating was fabricated.
この複合被膜の鉛工硬度を測定した結果、９ Ｈ以りの
硬度を有することが分かった。As a result of measuring the lead hardness of this composite coating, it was found that it had a hardness of 9 H or more.
また、この試験の際、被膜の＃ＪＩ Ｍは生じなかった
。Moreover, #JIM of the film did not occur during this test.
実施例３
ステンレス鋼母材表面上に、実施例１と同様の操作で、
分散粒子としてテトラフルオロエチレン−プロピレン共
重合体微粒子（粒径約Ｏ１３μｍ）２０〜５０容量％を
含むＳｉアルコキシド（Ｒ＝ＣＨ，）の分散液をスプレ
ー後、恒温槽で２００℃、１時間乾燥処理して、厚み約
５０μｍの複合被膜を作製した。Example 3 On the surface of the stainless steel base material, in the same manner as in Example 1,
After spraying a dispersion of Si alkoxide (R=CH,) containing 20 to 50% by volume of tetrafluoroethylene-propylene copolymer fine particles (particle size approximately 13 μm) as dispersed particles, drying treatment at 200°C for 1 hour in a constant temperature bath. A composite film with a thickness of about 50 μm was prepared.
この被検サンプルの剪断応力離型性を測定した結果を第
４図に示す。The results of measuring the shear stress mold releasability of this test sample are shown in FIG.
第４図に示されるように、処理を行なうことで。By performing the processing as shown in FIG.
接着剤の接着力は低下し、即ち、離型性は向１ユする。The adhesive force of the adhesive decreases, that is, the mold releasability decreases.
なお、この試験において、処理を行った！Ａ′験片の破
壊は、全て接着剤と複合ｗ、膜の界面に生じている。In addition, in this test, treatment was performed! All of the fractures in specimen A' occurred at the interface between the adhesive, the composite w, and the film.
実施例４
金属母材として銅を用いる点を除いて、実施例３と同様
の分散液を用い、ｇＡ母材を浸漬し、引き上げ５、その
後、恒温槽中で２００“Ｃ１１時間乾燥処理して、厚さ
約５０ ｊｔ ｍの複合被膜を持つ複合物品を作製した
。Example 4 Using the same dispersion as in Example 3 except that copper was used as the metal base material, the gA base material was immersed, pulled up 5 times, and then dried in a constant temperature bath at 200"C for 11 hours. A composite article was prepared with a composite coating approximately 50 jt m thick.
この被検サンプルの引張り応力離型性を測定した結果を
第６図に示す。FIG. 6 shows the results of measuring the tensile stress releasability of this test sample.
第６図に示されるように、接着剤の接着力は低Ｆし、す
なわち離型性は向上する。なお、この試験において、本
発明による処理を行った試験片の破壊は、全て接着剤と
複合被膜の界面で生している。As shown in FIG. 6, the adhesive force of the adhesive is low F, that is, the mold releasability is improved. In this test, all of the fractures of the test pieces treated according to the present invention occurred at the interface between the adhesive and the composite coating.
以上の結果から、本発明においては、固体潤滑材＃４微
粒子を分散粒子として（半）金属酸化物マトリックス中
に分散させたので、低摩擦係数およびＭ付着性の特性を
有するとともに、高硬度で無潤滑性の特徴を併せもつ複
合材料が与えられる。From the above results, in the present invention, solid lubricant #4 fine particles are dispersed as dispersed particles in a (semi-)metal oxide matrix, so they have low friction coefficient and M adhesion characteristics, and have high hardness. A composite material is provided that has the characteristics of no lubrication.
また、（半）金属酸化物アルコキシド′をマトリフクス
の原料とした処理法を用いたので、簡単な塗装技術で容
易に複合被膜を形成でき、簡便でかつ大規模な設備を必
要としない。In addition, since we used a treatment method using (semi-)metal oxide alkoxide' as a raw material for matrix fx, a composite film can be easily formed using a simple coating technique, and it is simple and does not require large-scale equipment.
第１図は、本発明による複合材料を用いた複合物品の縦
断面の拡大模式図である。
第２図は、実施例１で得られた複合被膜における、分散
液の構成成分比と動摩擦係数との関係を示すグラフであ
る。
第３図は、動ＰＪ！擦係数を測定するための試験装置を
示す略図である。
第４図は、実施例３で得られた複合被膜における、分散
液の構成成分比と剪断応力層型性との関係を示すグラフ
である。
第５図は、剪断応力離型性を測定するための試験装置を
示す略図である。
第６図は、実施例４で得られた複合被膜における、分散
液の構成成分比と引張り応力離型性との関係を示すグラ
フである。
第７図は、引張り応力離型性を測定するための試験装置
を示す略図である。
第１図
第２図
第４図
理
第５図
荷！
第６図
Ｉ！
第７図FIG. 1 is an enlarged schematic diagram of a longitudinal section of a composite article using a composite material according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the component ratio of the dispersion liquid and the coefficient of dynamic friction in the composite film obtained in Example 1. Figure 3 shows the dynamic PJ! 1 is a schematic diagram showing a test device for measuring the coefficient of friction; FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the component ratio of the dispersion liquid and the shear stress layer type in the composite film obtained in Example 3. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a test apparatus for measuring shear stress mold release properties. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the component ratio of the dispersion liquid and the tensile stress releasability in the composite film obtained in Example 4. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a test apparatus for measuring tensile stress mold releasability. Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 5 Cargo! Figure 6 I! Figure 7
Claims (2)
料薄層から構成され、しかも前記薄層が、金属または半
金属酸化物マトリックス中に固体潤滑材料微粒子が分散
（埋没）してなる構造を有することを特徴とする、高硬
度の摺動性複合材料薄層面を持つ複合物品。(1) Consisting of a metal base material and a thin layer of sliding composite material forming the surface layer, and the thin layer is formed by dispersing (embedding) fine particles of solid lubricant material in a metal or semimetal oxide matrix. 1. A composite article having a thin layer surface of a highly hard and slidable composite material, characterized by having a structure.
と固体潤滑材料微粒子とを含む分散液を適用して金属母
材表面に被膜を形成し、次いで高温で乾燥処理して、金
属または半金属酸化物マトリックス中に固体潤滑材料微
粒子が分散（埋没）してなる薄層を、金属母材表面に形
成してなることを特徴とする、高硬度の摺動性複合材料
薄層面をもつ複合物品の製造法。(2) A dispersion containing a metal or semimetal alkoxide and solid lubricating material fine particles is applied to the surface of the metal base material to form a film on the surface of the metal base material, and then dried at high temperature to form a film on the surface of the metal or semimetal. A composite article having a thin layer surface of a highly hard sliding composite material, characterized in that a thin layer formed by dispersing (embedding) solid lubricant particles in an oxide matrix is formed on the surface of a metal base material. manufacturing method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2249489A JPH02204028A (en) | 1989-02-02 | 1989-02-02 | Composite material with sliding property and manufacture thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2249489A JPH02204028A (en) | 1989-02-02 | 1989-02-02 | Composite material with sliding property and manufacture thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02204028A true JPH02204028A (en) | 1990-08-14 |
Family
ID=12084287
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2249489A Pending JPH02204028A (en) | 1989-02-02 | 1989-02-02 | Composite material with sliding property and manufacture thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02204028A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5358753A (en) * | 1993-07-06 | 1994-10-25 | Ford Motor Company | Method of making an anti-friction coating on metal by plasma spraying powder having a solid lubricant core and fusable metal shell |
| WO2017043034A1 (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2017-03-16 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Oxide coating formed on ferrous substrate, sliding member on which said oxide coating is formed, and apparatus provided with sliding member |
-
1989
- 1989-02-02 JP JP2249489A patent/JPH02204028A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5358753A (en) * | 1993-07-06 | 1994-10-25 | Ford Motor Company | Method of making an anti-friction coating on metal by plasma spraying powder having a solid lubricant core and fusable metal shell |
| WO2017043034A1 (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2017-03-16 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Oxide coating formed on ferrous substrate, sliding member on which said oxide coating is formed, and apparatus provided with sliding member |
| JPWO2017043034A1 (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2018-06-28 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Oxide film formed on iron-based substrate, sliding member on which this oxide film is formed, and equipment provided with this sliding member |
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