JP7418165B2 - 吸液体 - Google Patents
吸液体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7418165B2 JP7418165B2 JP2019139971A JP2019139971A JP7418165B2 JP 7418165 B2 JP7418165 B2 JP 7418165B2 JP 2019139971 A JP2019139971 A JP 2019139971A JP 2019139971 A JP2019139971 A JP 2019139971A JP 7418165 B2 JP7418165 B2 JP 7418165B2
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- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- absorbent
- carbon particles
- orientation
- liquid absorbent
- Prior art date
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 129
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 73
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007833 carbon precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004736 wide-angle X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004801 Chlorinated PVC Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000457 chlorinated polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- MGWAVDBGNNKXQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisobutyl phthalate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(C)C MGWAVDBGNNKXQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007849 furan resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012208 gear oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005660 hydrophilic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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Description
〈態様1〉アモルファス炭素、及び前記アモルファス炭素中に分散している結晶質炭素粒子を含有しており、
前記結晶質炭素粒子の含有率が、前記アモルファス炭素及び前記結晶質炭素粒子の合計質量を基準として、60~90質量%であり、
広角X線散乱法により測定した配向度が、75%以上であり、かつ
JIS R 1634:1998に準拠する開気孔率が10%以上である、
吸液体。
〈態様2〉前記結晶質炭素粒子が、グラフェン、カーボンナノチューブ、フラーレン、及び黒鉛粒子から成る群より選択される少なくとも一種である、態様1に記載の吸液体。
〈態様3〉表面が親水化されている、態様1又は2に記載の吸液体。
〈態様4〉最大内接球径が2mm以下である、態様1~3のいずれか一項に記載の吸液体。
〈態様5〉円柱状又は角柱状であり、かつ前記配向度が軸方向の配向度である、態様1~4のいずれか一項に記載の吸液体。
〈態様6〉シート状であり、かつ前記配向度が面方向の配向度である、態様1~4のいずれか一項に記載の吸液体。
〈態様7〉複数の態様5に記載の吸液体を有し、かつ
円柱状又は角柱状である複数の前記吸液体が束ねられて一体化されて構成されている、
吸液ブロック体。
〈態様8〉複数の態様6に記載の吸液体を有し、かつ
シート状である複数の前記吸液体が重ねられて一体化されて構成されている、
吸液ブロック体。
〈態様9〉前記吸液体又は前記吸液ブロック体の少なくとも一部を液体に含浸させることを含む、態様1~6のいずれか一項に記載の吸液体又は態様7若しくは8に記載の吸液ブロック体の使用方法。
〈態様10〉アモルファス炭素前駆体及び結晶質炭素粒子を混錬して、前駆体組成物を作製すること、
前記前駆体組成物を押出成形すること、及び
押出成形した前記前駆体組成物を熱処理すること
を含む、吸液体の製造方法。
本発明の吸液体は、
アモルファス炭素、及び前記アモルファス炭素中に分散している結晶質炭素粒子を含有しており、
前記結晶質炭素粒子の含有率が、前記アモルファス炭素及び前記結晶質炭素粒子の合計質量を基準として、60~90質量%であり、
広角X線散乱法により測定した配向度が、75%以上であり、かつ
JIS R 1634:1998に準拠する開気孔率が10%以上である。
P0={(W3-W1)/(W3-W2)}×100 (1)
(式中、P0は開気孔率(%)、W1は乾燥質量、W2は水中質量、W3は飽水質量を意味する)
アモルファス炭素は、例えば硬化性樹脂、及び溶媒を含有している前駆体組成物を炭素化させることにより得ることができる。詳細には、吸液体の製造方法に関して説明する。
結晶質炭素粒子は、アモルファス炭素中に分散している炭素粒子であってよい。
本発明の吸液ブロック体は、複数の上記の吸液体を有する。
上記の吸液体又は吸液ブロックを使用する本発明の方法は、上記の吸液体又は吸液ブロックの少なくとも一部を液体に含浸させることを含む。
吸液体を製造する本発明の方法は、
アモルファス炭素前駆体及び結晶質炭素粒子を混錬して、前駆体組成物を作製すること、
前記前駆体組成物を押出成形すること、及び
押出成形した前記前駆体組成物を熱処理すること
を含む。
前駆体組成物の作製は、アモルファス炭素前駆体及び結晶質炭素粒子を混錬して行う。
押出成形は、公知の押出成形手段を用いて行うことができる。
熱処理は、例えば500℃以上、600℃以上、700℃以上、800℃以上、9000℃以上、又は1000℃以上であり、かつ2000℃以下、1900℃以下、1800℃以下、1700℃以下、又は1600℃以下の温度で行うことができる。
〈実施例1〉
アモルファス炭素前駆体としてのポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)(残炭率30%)41質量部、結晶質炭素粒子としての鱗片状天然黒鉛(平均粒子径8μm)41質量部、分散剤としてのステアリン酸ナトリウム1質量部、及び可塑剤としてのフタル酸ジイソブチル17質量部をヘンシェルミキサーで混合分散(混合分散時間20分、以下同様)し、加圧ニーダーとロールで混練し、押出成形後、空気雰囲気中で200℃で加熱処理をし、次いで窒素ガス雰囲気中にて1000℃で、10時間加熱処理をすることによって、直径0.56mm、長さ30mmの円柱状の実施例1の吸液体を作製した。
押出し成形時のダイス形状を平板矩形状にした以外は実施例1と同じ配合、同じ工程にて、厚み0.2mm幅5mm、長さ30mmのシート状の実施例2の吸液体を作製した。幅及び厚みはマイクロメーターにて測定した。
実施例1の吸液体を40本用意し、その端部を揃えて束ねた後に片側端部をエポキシ樹脂で固めて一体化して、実施例3の吸液ブロック体を得た。
押出し成形時のダイス径を細くした以外は実施例1と同じ配合、同じ工程にて、直径0.16mm、長さ30mmの円柱状の実施例4の吸液体を作製した。
実施例1で得られた炭素軸体をセンタレス加工によって、φ0.4mmまで細くすることにより親水化させて、実施例5の吸液体を作製した。
前駆体組成物の組成を表1に示すように変更し、スプリング状に成型したことを除き、実施例1と同様にして、比較例1の吸液体を作製した。なお、表1における「CPVC」は、塩素化ポリ塩化ビニル(残炭率50%)を意味している。
前駆体組成物の組成を表1に示すように変更したことを除き、実施例1と同様にして、比較例2~3の吸液体を作製した。
〈特性評価〉
広角X線散乱法により、各サンプルの軸方向又は面方向の配向度を測定した。また、JIS R 1634:1998に準拠して、各サンプルの開気孔率を算出した。
作製した吸液体又は吸液ブロック体を、100℃で30min温めて、吸湿している水分を飛ばした。次いで、容器に溜めた液に沈めて静置した。液としては、「精製水」及び「合成炭化水素系ギヤオイル(動粘度66.3mm2/s:40℃)」の2種類を用いた。
Claims (9)
- アモルファス炭素、及び前記アモルファス炭素中に分散している結晶質炭素粒子を含有しており、
前記結晶質炭素粒子の含有率が、前記アモルファス炭素及び前記結晶質炭素粒子の合計質量を基準として、60~90質量%であり、
広角X線散乱法により測定した配向度が、85%超であり、かつ
JIS R 1634:1998に準拠する開気孔率が10%以上である、
吸液体。 - 前記結晶質炭素粒子が、グラフェン、カーボンナノチューブ、フラーレン、及び黒鉛粒子から成る群より選択される少なくとも一種である、請求項1に記載の吸液体。
- 表面が親水化されている、請求項1又は2に記載の吸液体。
- 円柱状又は角柱状であり、かつ前記配向度が軸方向の配向度である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の吸液体。
- シート状であり、かつ前記配向度が面方向の配向度である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の吸液体。
- 複数の請求項4に記載の吸液体を有し、かつ
円柱状又は角柱状である複数の前記吸液体が束ねられて一体化されて構成されている、
吸液ブロック体。 - 複数の請求項5に記載の吸液体を有し、かつ
シート状である複数の前記吸液体が重ねられて一体化されて構成されている、
吸液ブロック体。 - 前記吸液体又は前記吸液ブロック体の少なくとも一部を液体に含浸させることを含む、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の吸液体又は請求項6若しくは7に記載の吸液ブロック体の使用方法。
- アモルファス炭素前駆体及び結晶質炭素粒子を混錬して、前駆体組成物を作製すること、
前記前駆体組成物を押出成形すること、及び
押出成形した前記前駆体組成物を熱処理すること
を含む、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の吸液体の製造方法。
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EP20847257.1A EP4006001A4 (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2020-04-21 | FLUID ABSORBING BODY |
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CN202080053753.2A CN114174241B (zh) | 2019-07-30 | 2020-04-21 | 吸液体 |
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JP2005149792A (ja) | 2003-11-12 | 2005-06-09 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | リチウム二次電池用の炭素質負極材料 |
JP2008218262A (ja) | 2007-03-06 | 2008-09-18 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | 液体燃料供給板、および、パッシブ方式駆動型燃料電池、並びに、液体燃料供給方法 |
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