JP6083307B2 - Rotating machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating machine that rotates a rotor with respect to a stator.

  Conventionally, a rotating machine including a stator and a rotor arranged with a magnetic gap (a narrow gap called an air gap, hereinafter referred to as a “magnetic gap”) between the stator and the stator. (For example, a PM motor) is known. A stator of a rotating machine is provided with a plurality of stator poles arranged at equal pitches in the circumferential direction, and windings (stator windings) are arranged in slots formed between adjacent stator poles. A magnetic field is generated in the stator by supplying electric power to the stator winding, and the rotor is rotated by the interaction between the magnetic field and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet attached to the rotor (for example, Patent Documents). 1).

  By the way, recently, there are many rotating machines used in applications with large load fluctuations, such as automobile drive motors, and for these rotating machines, expansion of the output range and higher efficiency are required. Yes.

  In a conventional rotating machine with a permanent magnet attached to the rotor, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet passes through the magnetic gap and is linked to the stator winding wound around the stator core and the stator pole, thereby generating an induced voltage. Here, the induced voltage determined by the magnetic flux amount and the rotational speed of the field, which is a magnetic field generated when rotating, increases in proportion to the rotational speed of the rotor. If a high induced voltage is set to ensure a large output (large torque) in the frequency range, it cannot be driven due to voltage limitations (exceeding the power supply voltage) in the high speed range, while it can be driven to the high speed range. If it is possible, the induced voltage becomes low in the low speed range, and the necessary high output (large torque) cannot be secured.

  Therefore, in the conventional permanent magnet synchronous rotating machine, when operating the rotor at a high speed by increasing the rotational speed of the rotor, the electrical design of the rotating machine (so as not to exceed the voltage limit) so that the induced voltage does not exceed the terminal voltage of the controller. In the high-speed region where the induced voltage is too high due to too much magnetic flux of the permanent magnets linked to the stator, the induced voltage can be reduced by controlling the field weakening with the stator power. It is configured to suppress.

  Thus, in the conventional rotating machine, the operation range is expanded by performing field-weakening control that actively weakens the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet.

JP2012-080715A

  However, if field-weakening control becomes excessive, the permanent magnet is irreversibly demagnetized beyond the nick point of the permanent magnet.

  Therefore, in a conventional rotating machine, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet attached to the rotor is always in a state where it can act as a field magnetic flux interlinking with the stator iron core and the stator winding, so that the permanent magnet is not irreversibly demagnetized. Even if the magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet can be reduced to weaken the magnetic force, it is difficult to make the magnetic force zero, that is, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet that can act as a field magnetic flux. And since the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet that can act as a field magnetic flux leaks from the rotor to the magnetic gap and always flows to the stator, a loss has occurred during the rotation.

  Moreover, if it is an aspect which attaches a permanent magnet to a rotor, the situation where a permanent magnet will fly at the time of high-speed rotation of a rotor is assumed. In order to avoid such a situation, for example, a configuration in which a non-magnetic scattering prevention ring is attached so as to cover the surface of the permanent magnet closer to the stator pole is also conceivable. In addition to the increase in efficiency, the magnetic gap increases by the thickness of the anti-scattering ring, which can hinder high efficiency.

  Furthermore, in the process of assembling the motor with the rotor disposed inside the stator, the permanent magnets of the rotor are attracted to the stator poles, and the assembly work cannot be performed efficiently.

  The main cause of such a problem is that the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet cannot be adjusted in a rotating machine with a permanent magnet attached to the rotor.

  The present invention provides a three-phase rotating machine capable of adjusting the amount of magnetic flux of the field according to the fluctuation of the rotational speed and the operating condition based on such examination results, and realizing high efficiency. This is the main purpose.

  That is, the present invention relates to a rotating machine including a stator, a rotor that is arranged coaxially with the stator and that forms a magnetic gap between the stator, and a rotor support portion that rotatably supports the rotor with respect to the stator. Is.

  Here, the rotating machine according to the present invention includes an inner movable type in which the rotor is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the stator in the radial direction of the rotating shaft, and an outer movable type in which the rotor is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the stator in the radial direction of the rotating shaft. Any of these are included. In the case of the inner movable type, the “rotor support portion” in the present invention is the rotating shaft (shaft) itself, or in the configuration in which the shaft is not provided, both end portions or one end of the rotating shaft in the axial direction of the rotor. A rotary support that holds the part rotatably can be given, and in the case of the outer movable type, a frame that is arranged on the outer side in the radial direction of the rotary shaft than the rotor can be exemplified. Further, the “coaxial with the stator” axis is a shaft if it has a shaft, and is a virtual axis that defines the rotation center of the rotor if it has no shaft. The technical features of the present invention will be specifically described below.

  A rotating machine according to the present invention is arranged as a stator so as to be continuous with a stator iron core in a circumferential direction (hereinafter simply referred to as “circumferential direction”) around a rotation axis of a rotor as a stator. A single main permanent magnet that is magnetized in the direction, and a single main field that is wound around a position of the stator core facing the main permanent magnet and generates a magnetic flux in a direction opposite to that of the main permanent magnet. A winding and 6n (n is a positive integer excluding zero) stator poles protruding toward the rotor between the main permanent magnet and the main field winding in the stator core and provided at an equal pitch in the circumferential direction; The stator windings wound around the stator poles, and the stator windings wound around the opposing stator poles are applied in the same phase, and the rotor is a ring-shaped And 2 m (m is a positive integer excluding zero and a multiple of 3) rotor poles protruding from the rotor core toward the stator and provided at an equal pitch in the circumferential direction, By energizing the main field winding in a predetermined direction with the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet passing through the stator without passing through the magnetic gap between the stator pole and the rotor pole when the main field winding is not energized. The main field winding is configured to change into a magnetic gap and a magnetic flux passing through the rotor by the generated magnetic flux of the main field winding, and the stator winding is divided into three phases of U, V, and W to excite the main field winding. An induced voltage is generated by the motor, and a torque for rotating the rotor is generated by exciting a three-phase alternating current whose phase is shifted by 120 degrees in each stator winding unit. It is.

  In such a rotating machine of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, the magnetism of the single main permanent magnet 14 arranged at a predetermined position of the stator core 11 is made to be in the direction around the rotation axis of the rotor 2. Since the stator core 11 is provided in a certain circumferential direction A, that is, in a direction in which the stator core 11 circulates, no current flows through the main field winding 14 provided at a position facing the main permanent magnet 15 in the stator core 11. If it is (field winding non-excited state), the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 becomes a short-circuit magnetic flux that returns via the stator core 11. Therefore, the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 passing through the low resistance portion passes through the magnetic gap when the magnetomotive force of the main field winding 15 is zero, as shown by the solid arrow in FIG. Thus, it does not reach the rotor 2 but flows in the stator 1.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, when a current in a predetermined direction is passed through the main field winding 15, the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 changes as indicated by the dotted arrow in the figure. It is generated as a magnetic flux in the direction opposite to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 14. Therefore, in a state where a current in a predetermined direction flows through the main field winding 15 (field winding excitation state), the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 flowing in the stator iron core 11 is changed into the main field winding in the stator iron core 11. The main field winding of the stator 1 collides with the magnetic flux of the wire 15 and does not reach the portion of the stator core 11 where the main field winding 15 is disposed from the portion of the stator 1 where the main permanent magnet 14 is disposed. The rotor pole 22 passes through the magnetic pole with the rotor pole 22 that can face the stator pole 12 through the stator pole 12 that is located closer to the place where the main permanent magnet 14 is disposed than the place where the magnetic flux 15 hits. , The rotor core 21, another rotor pole 22, a magnetic gap with the stator pole 12 that can face the rotor pole 22, the stator pole 12, the stator core 1 Leading to the main permanent magnet 14 flows in this order.

  In the field winding excitation state, the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 collides with the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 in the stator core 11, and the stator core 11 starts from the location where the main field winding 15 is disposed. Stator poles that do not reach the portion of the main permanent magnet 14 in 1 and that are closer to the portion of the stator 1 where the main field winding 15 is disposed than the portion of the stator 1 that collides with the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14. 12, the rotor pole 22, the rotor iron core 21, another rotor pole 22, and the stator pole 12 that can face the rotor pole 22, passing through a magnetic gap with the rotor pole 22 that can face the stator pole 12. The magnetic field flows through the magnetic gap, the stator pole 12 and the stator iron core 11 in this order to reach the place where the main field winding 15 is disposed.

  In the rotating machine of the present invention, a stator 1 having 6n (n is a positive integer excluding zero) stator poles 12 and 2m (m is a positive integer excluding zero and a multiple of 3) rotor poles 22 are provided. And 6 n (n is a positive integer excluding zero) stator poles 12 in a field winding excitation state, at a position close to the location where the main permanent magnet 14 is disposed. The portion of the rotor 2 (the rotor pole 22 and the rotor core 21) that faces the stator pole 12 through a magnetic gap has a relatively higher magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 than the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15. The portion of the rotor 2 (the rotor pole 22 and the rotor core 21) that faces the stator pole 12 located near the location where the main field winding 15 is disposed via a magnetic gap has a magnetic flux of the main field winding 15. Main permanent magnet 14 The portion of the rotor 2 (rotor pole) that flows relatively more than the magnetic flux and faces the stator pole 12 at a position close to the location where the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 and the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 collide with each other via a magnetic gap. 22, the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 and the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 flow through the rotor iron core 21) at the same rate (see FIG. 2).

  As described above, in the rotating machine according to the present invention, when the current in the predetermined direction is not passed through the main field winding (field winding is not excited), the rotor does not flow or is difficult to flow. The magnetic flux of the short-circuited main permanent magnet is induced in the magnetic flux of the main field winding by passing a current in a predetermined direction through the main field winding (the field winding is not excited) and passes through the magnetic gap. The magnetic field flowing through the rotor can be easily changed by adjusting the amount of magnetic flux that leaks into the magnetic gap and passes through the rotor, depending on the amount of current flowing through the main field winding. Can do. Here, the amount of magnetic flux that leaks into the magnetic gap and passes through the rotor during field adjustment is proportional to the magnitude of the current flowing through the main field winding. Here, the current passed through the field winding can be adjusted, for example, according to fluctuations in the rotational speed (speed) of the rotor. As shown in FIG. 2, the current is applied to each stator winding 13 of the stator 1. Even if it is not flowing, it can be adjusted even if a current is flowing through each stator winding 13 of the stator 1.

  In the rotating machine of the present invention, an induced voltage is generated by performing field adjustment in the field winding excitation state, and as shown in FIG. By exciting a three-phase alternating current whose phase is shifted by 120 degrees in units of stator windings 13 for each phase divided into three phases (exciting winding excitation state), the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 and the main field winding Fifteen magnetic fluxes act as a field magnetic flux interlinking with the stator winding 13, and a torque for rotating the rotor 2 is generated. The current passed through each stator winding 13 (U, V, W phase) of the stator 1 is adjusted when, for example, the torque (output) fluctuates. Depending on the operating state, the current passed through the field winding 15 In some cases, adjustment of the current flowing through each stator winding 13 may be performed. In FIG. 3, the flow of magnetic flux at the appropriate timing T (appropriate electrical angle) shown in the lower right of the figure is indicated by a relatively thick arrow, and the rotational direction of the rotor 2 is indicated by a relatively thin solid arrow t. Show. At timing T in the figure, when the current I (A) flowing through the W-phase stator winding 13 and the number of magnetic fluxes (number of interlinkage magnetic fluxes) φ intersecting the W-phase stator winding 13 are set as reference values, the U-phase The current I (A) flowing through the stator winding 13 and the V-phase stator winding 13 and the number of interlinkage magnetic fluxes φ of the U-phase stator winding 13 and the V-phase stator winding 13 are each half of the reference value. (I / 2 (A), φ / 2). In FIG. 3, Roman letters U, V and W in parentheses following the reference numeral “13” indicate phases of the respective stator windings 13.

  As described above, in the rotating machine according to the present invention, the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet does not flow through the rotor if the current in the predetermined direction does not flow through the main field winding (the field winding is not excited). Alternatively, it is possible to ensure a state that is difficult to flow. Therefore, in the rotating machine according to the present invention, an induced voltage is not generated in a state where a current in a predetermined direction is not passed through the main field winding, and the cogging torque and the loss torque are zero or substantially zero, so that high efficiency is achieved. Can do. Further, in a state where a current in a predetermined direction flows through the main field winding (field winding excitation state), the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet and the magnetic flux of the main field winding can be passed through the rotor. By exciting a three-phase alternating current whose phase is shifted by 120 degrees in each stator winding unit (exciting winding excitation state), the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet and the magnetic flux of the main field winding are Acts as a field magnetic flux interlinked with the wire, generating torque that rotates the rotor. Furthermore, in the rotating machine of the present invention, since the number of stator poles and rotor poles is different from each other, it is possible to avoid a situation where the rotor falls into a locked state, and sinusoidal excitation can be used. A general-purpose inverter can be used. In the rotating machine of the present invention, since sinusoidal excitation can be used, it can be driven by a pulse power source used when the number of stator poles and rotor poles is the same.

  In the rotating machine of the present invention, the amount of magnetic flux passing through the rotor (of the main permanent magnet) is adjusted by adjusting the amount of current flowing through the main field winding according to the required number of rotations (output) and torque. This is the amount of magnetic flux that is obtained by superimposing the magnetic flux of the main field winding on the magnetic flux, and the amount of magnetic flux that is the sum of the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet and the magnetic flux of the main field winding can be increased or decreased. It is possible to increase or decrease the amount of interlinkage field magnetic flux. At this time, since the field weakening that weakens the field of the main permanent magnet is unnecessary, the demagnetization phenomenon of the main permanent magnet can be prevented, and for example, compared with a mode in which the field weakening control and the field strengthening control are selected and performed. Thus, since the direction of the current flowing through the main field winding is only a fixed direction, it is not necessary to switch the direction of the current flowing through the main field winding.

  In addition, since the rotating machine of the present invention is not configured to attach the main permanent magnet to the rotor, it is possible to avoid a situation where the main permanent magnet is scattered during high-speed rotation of the rotor. Further, in the case of a rotating machine with a main permanent magnet attached to the rotor, the anti-scattering member provided to prevent the main permanent magnet from scattering is unnecessary in the rotating machine of the present invention, and in this respect, the number of parts is reduced. And it is possible to avoid the enlargement of the magnetic gap by attaching the anti-scattering member to the surface of the main permanent magnet facing the stator, which contributes to higher efficiency.

  In particular, the rotating machine of the present invention is advantageous in that the rotor can be formed only from a magnetic material.

  In addition, in the rotating machine according to the present invention, the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet stays in the stator in a state where no current flows through the main field winding attached to the stator. In the process of inserting the unit in which the rotor and the shaft are assembled in the space, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the main permanent magnet is unexpectedly attracted to the rotor by preventing the current from flowing through the main field winding. Can be inserted into.

  Further, in the rotating machine of the present invention, as the stator, a magnetic flux variable member that is arranged so as to be continuous with the stator core in a direction (circumferential direction) that circulates the stator core and that does not interfere with the flow of magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet. It is possible to use one having a single or plural magnetic flux variable members arranged between stator poles adjacent in the circumferential direction. In this case, the magnetic flux variable member is arranged if the magnetic flux flow of the magnetic flux variable member can be changed according to the magnetic flux flow of the main permanent magnet in both the main winding excitation state and the stator winding excitation state. Compared with a rotating machine to which no stator is applied, the amount of field magnetic flux can be increased by the amount of magnetic flux of the magnetic flux variable member, which contributes to higher efficiency. Examples of the magnetic flux variable member include a yoke and other magnetic materials.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, a plurality of sets of stators and rotors are arranged in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor, and the stators of the respective groups are connected to each other via a connecting member in a state in which the phases of the respective sets are matched in the circumferential direction It is also possible to constitute a rotating machine.

  According to the present invention, the main permanent magnet attached to the stator and the main field winding are arranged at positions facing each other across the rotation center of the rotor. The magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet, which is magnetically short-circuited so that it does not leak, flows through the magnetic field gap and rotor by passing current through the main field winding, and changes to a magnetic flux that can act as a field magnetic flux. The three-phase structure that can adjust the magnetic flux of the field according to the fluctuation of the rotation speed and the operation situation, and operates with high efficiency in any rotation region corresponding to a wide operation region. Rotating machine can be provided.

It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the rotating machine which concerns on an example of this invention, and is a figure which shows typically the flow of the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet in a field winding nonexcitation state. The figure which shows typically the flow of the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet at the time of field adjustment, and the flow of the magnetic flux of the main field winding corresponding to FIG. The figure which shows typically the flow of the magnetic flux at the time of rotor rotational drive corresponding to FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a rotating machine according to an embodiment (first embodiment) of the present invention. The f direction arrow directional view of FIG. The g direction arrow directional view of FIG. The h direction arrow directional view of FIG. The circuit diagram which shows the electric current supply to the main field winding in the embodiment. The circuit diagram which shows the electric current supply to the stator winding | coil in the same embodiment. The system block diagram of the rotary machine which concerns on the same embodiment. The circuit diagram of the rotary machine which concerns on the same embodiment. The figure which shows typically the flow of the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet in a field winding non-excitation state. The figure which shows typically the flow of the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet at the time of field adjustment and the flow of the magnetic flux of the main field winding. The figure which shows typically the flow of the magnetic flux at the time of rotor rotational drive. The circuit diagram at the time of making the rotary machine which concerns on the same embodiment function as a generator. The whole perspective view of the rotating machine concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. The f direction arrow directional view of FIG. The g direction arrow directional view of FIG. The h direction arrow directional view of FIG. The figure which shows typically the flow of the main magnet magnetic flux in a field winding non-excitation state. The figure which shows typically the magnetic flux of the main magnet magnetic flux and the main field winding at the time of field adjustment. The figure which shows typically the flow of the magnetic flux at the time of rotor rotational drive. The whole perspective view of the rotary machine which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The f direction of FIG. 23 (PP line direction of FIG. 26, FIG. 27) arrow directional view. The figure which looked at the 2nd set stator and rotor in the same embodiment from the QQ line direction of FIG. 26, FIG. The g direction arrow directional view of FIG. The h direction arrow directional view of FIG. The circuit diagram which shows the electric current supply to the main field winding of each group in the embodiment. The circuit diagram which shows the electric current supply to each group stator winding in the embodiment. The figure which shows typically the flow of the main magnet magnetic flux in a coil | winding non-excitation state corresponding to FIG. The figure which shows typically the flow of the main magnet magnetic flux in a field winding non-excitation state corresponding to FIG. The figure which shows typically the flow of the main magnet magnetic flux in a field winding non-excitation state corresponding to FIG. The figure which shows typically the flow of the main magnet magnetic flux in a field winding non-excitation state corresponding to FIG. The figure which shows typically the main magnet magnetic flux at the time of field adjustment and the magnetic flux flow of the main field winding corresponding to FIG. The figure which shows typically the main magnet magnetic flux at the time of field adjustment and the magnetic flux flow of the main field winding corresponding to FIG. The figure which shows typically the main magnet magnetic flux at the time of field adjustment and the magnetic flux flow of the main field winding corresponding to FIG. The figure which shows typically the main magnet magnetic flux at the time of field adjustment and the magnetic flux flow of the main field winding corresponding to FIG. The figure which shows typically the flow of the magnetic flux at the time of rotor rotational drive corresponding to FIG. The figure which shows typically the flow of the magnetic flux at the time of rotor rotational drive corresponding to FIG.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The rotating machine X according to the present embodiment can be applied as a starter generator that serves as an electric engine starter and generator of an aircraft (not shown), for example.

  4 to 6 (FIG. 4 is an overall perspective view of the rotating machine X, FIG. 5 is a view in the direction of arrow f in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a view in the direction of arrow g in FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow h in FIG. 4), the stator 1, the rotor 2 that is arranged coaxially with the stator 1 and forms a magnetic gap with the stator 1, and the rotor 2 is connected to the stator 1. And a rotor support portion 3 that is rotatably supported. The rotating machine X according to the present embodiment is an inner movable rotating machine X in which the rotor 2 is disposed radially inward of the rotating shaft with respect to the stator 1.

  In the present embodiment, the shaft 3 that functions as the rotating shaft itself of the rotor 2 is applied as the rotor support portion. That is, the shaft 3 and the rotor 2 are configured to be integrally rotatable.

  The stator 1 includes a stator core 11 (corresponding to the stator iron core of the present invention) and a plurality of stator teeth 12 projecting from the stator core 11 toward the rotor 2 and arranged at an equal pitch in the circumferential direction A (on the stator pole of the present invention). Equivalent), a stator winding 13 wound around each stator tooth 12, a single main permanent magnet 14 provided at a position continuous with the stator core 11, and a position facing the main permanent magnet 14 in the stator core 11. It has a single main field winding 15 provided by winding.

  The stator core 11 is a magnetic body whose cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the axial direction of the shaft 3 forms a ring shape. In the present embodiment, the stator core 11 in which the unit stator core 11a divided into six in the circumferential direction A is integrally joined by an appropriate means is applied. However, of course, a stator core that is not divided in the circumferential direction A may be used. . A part of the stator core 11 is formed with a hollow portion 11s in which the main permanent magnet 14 is disposed. As shown in FIG. 5, the hollow portion 11 s may be one in which the stator core 11 is recessed by a predetermined region in the thickness direction, or penetrates the stator core 11 in the thickness direction (diameter direction of the shaft 3). (Not shown) may be used. Further, in the present embodiment, the stator core 11 whose cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the axial direction of the shaft 3 has a substantially cylindrical shape is applied, but a polygonal cylindrical shape such as a rectangular cylindrical shape (the corner is a partial cylindrical shape). May be a stator core.

  The stator teeth 12 protrude from the inward surface of the stator core 11 toward the rotor 2 side (the radially inner side of the shaft 3). In the rotating machine X of the present embodiment, a total of 6n (n is a positive integer excluding zero) protruding from a portion having an equiangular pitch on the inward surface of the stator core 11, and n is 1 in this embodiment. ) The stator teeth 12 are provided, and a stator winding 13 is wound around each stator tooth 12.

  In the rotating machine X of the present embodiment, the main permanent magnet 14 is disposed in the hollow portion 11 s of the stator core 11. In this embodiment, the outward face of the stator core 11 and the outward face of the main permanent magnet 14 are set to be substantially flush with each other without a large step. The main permanent magnet 14 is magnetized in the circumferential direction A of the stator core 11. 5 to 7, the main permanent magnet 14 in which the surface on the left side in the circumferential direction A of the stator core 11 in FIG. The arrangement | positioning structure is illustrated. The main permanent magnet 14 of the present embodiment is disposed in a state where the S pole and the N pole are in close contact with the end face of the stator core 11 (opening edge of the cavity portion 11s) without any gap.

  The main field winding 15 is wound around the stator core 11 at a position facing the main permanent magnet 14. In the rotating machine X according to the present embodiment, the main field winding 15 is set to flow a direct current as shown in FIG. 8, and the direct current is passed through the main field winding 15. The magnetic flux in the direction opposite to the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 is set. Since a direct current flows through the main field winding 15 regardless of the rotational position of the rotor 2, basically, control for switching the ON / OFF timing of the switch S (repeated ON / OFF in minute time, unit time) For example, PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control can be employed.

  The stator 1 in the present embodiment is a positive integer that is 6n (n is zero) at an equiangular pitch in the circumferential direction A on the surface of the stator core 11 that faces the rotor 2 (the inward surface in the present embodiment). In the embodiment, n has 1) stator teeth 12. Each of the stator teeth 12 is set so as not to coincide with a portion of the stator core 11 where the main permanent magnet 14 is disposed and a portion where the main field winding 15 is wound. In the present embodiment, the main permanent magnet 14 is disposed so as to be continuous with the ring-shaped stator core 11, and the main field winding 15 is disposed at a position facing the main permanent magnet 14. Between the place where the main permanent magnet 14 is arranged and the place where the main field winding 15 is wound, that is, each area obtained by dividing the stator core 11 into approximately two equal parts in the circumferential direction (area where the stator core 11 is substantially halved in the circumferential direction A) In the following description, the half of the total number (6n) of the stator teeth 12 (that is, the number obtained by dividing 6n by 2) of the stator teeth 12 is equiangular in the circumferential direction A. Provided. In the present embodiment in which n is 1, three stator teeth 12 are provided in each half-circumferential region of the stator 1.

  In the rotating machine X of the present embodiment, the stator windings 13 wound around the stator teeth 12 facing each other on a straight line passing through the axis of the rotating shaft 3 are set in the same phase and arranged in the circumferential direction A. Each stator winding 13 is divided into three phases of U, V, and W. In each figure after FIG. 4, the Roman letters U, V, W in parentheses following the reference numeral “13” indicate the phases of the stator windings 13.

  And in the rotary machine X of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the stator windings 13 of the same phase are connected in series, and the stator windings 13 of the three-phase each phase are collectively at the neutral point N. Connections to be connected (so-called Y connection or star connection) are adopted, and the stator winding 13 of each phase is configured to be able to excite (energize) a three-phase alternating current whose phase is shifted by 120 degrees. . It is necessary to pass an alternating current through these stator windings 13 in accordance with the position (rotation angle) of the rotor 2. In this embodiment, the position of the rotor (rotation angle of the shaft 3) is detected by a rotation sensor, and the excitation inverter is based on a rotation signal indicating the position of the rotor 2 (rotation angle of the shaft 3) as shown in FIG. An AC current is excited from I to the stator winding 13 of each phase. Note that the position of the rotor 2 may be detected (sensorless) by a change in inductance or the like.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 11, the switches S arranged in two stages are connected to the stator windings 13 of the respective phases, and AC is applied to the stator windings 13 of the respective phases according to the timing of switching the switches S to ON / OFF. The timing of current flow can be controlled. In FIG. 11, the rectifier circuit unit is omitted. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, a field current (direct current) that flows from the common excitation inverter I to the main field winding 15 and an excitation current (alternating current) that flows to the stator winding 13 are supplied. It is configured. An external power source or a converter is connected to the excitation inverter I.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the rotor 2 includes a ring-shaped rotor core 21 (corresponding to the rotor core of the present invention), and a rotor that protrudes from the rotor core 21 toward the stator 1 side (the radially outer side of the shaft 3). A magnetic body having teeth 22 (corresponding to a rotor pole of the present invention). In the rotor 2 of the present embodiment, the rotor core 21 and the rotor teeth 22 are integrally formed. In the present embodiment, the rotor core 21 in which unit rotor cores divided into a plurality of parts (for example, four parts) in the circumferential direction A are integrally joined by an appropriate means is applied, but is not divided in the circumferential direction A. It may be a rotor core. Further, the shaft 3 inserted through the shaft insertion hole formed in the central portion of the rotor core 21 can rotate integrally with the rotor 2.

  The rotating machine X of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 4 and the like is 2 m (m is zero and 3) from a surface (outward surface (outer peripheral surface) in the present embodiment) facing the stator 1 of the cylindrical rotor core 21. Is a positive integer excluding multiples of m. In the present embodiment, m is 2) the two rotor teeth 22 project radially. Here, in the rotating machine X of the present embodiment, the stator teeth 12 provided at an equiangular pitch on the inward surface of the ring-shaped stator core 11 and the outer surfaces of the ring-shaped rotor core 21 are provided at an equiangular pitch. The number of the rotor teeth 22 is different from each other. In the present embodiment, as described above, the number of stator teeth 12 is set to 6, and the number of rotor teeth 22 is set to 4.

  And the rotary machine X of this embodiment forms the magnetic gap which circulates in the circumferential direction A of a rotating shaft between the stator 1 and the rotor 2, more specifically between the stator teeth 12 and the rotor teeth 22. Yes. In the present embodiment, the inwardly facing surface (projecting end surface) of each stator tooth 12 is set to a partial arc surface that coincides on the same arc centered on the axial center of the shaft 3, and the outward surface ( The projecting end surface is set to a partial arc surface that is concentric with the inward surface of each stator tooth 12 and coincides with an arc whose diameter is set slightly smaller than the inward surface of each stator tooth 12.

  Next, the operation and action of the rotating machine X according to this embodiment having such a configuration will be described.

  In the rotating machine X of the present embodiment, when no direct current is flowing through the main field winding 15 provided in the stator core 11 (field winding is not excited), the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 (hereinafter referred to as “main magnet”). FIG. 12 (the figure schematically shows the flow of magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 in a state in which the field winding is not excited corresponding to FIG. 5). For example, if the surface of the main permanent magnet 14 that is magnetized to the N pole (N pole magnetized surface) is taken as the starting point, as indicated by the relatively thick solid arrow in FIG. The N-pole magnetized surface flows through the stator core 11 and reaches the S-pole magnetized surface of the main permanent magnet 14. That is, the magnetic flux path (magnetic path) is inevitably selected as the magnetic path in which the overall magnetic resistance is the smallest, so that the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 in the field winding non-excited state is the rotor 2 and the stator. It flows while avoiding the magnetic gap of 1. Therefore, the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 becomes a short-circuit magnetic flux that returns via the stator core 11 in the state where the field winding is not excited. Hereinafter, the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 in the non-excited state of the field winding is referred to as “non-excited main magnet magnetic flux”. As described above, in the state where the field winding is not excited, the main magnet magnetic flux is contained in the stator 1, does not leak into the magnetic gap, and does not flow into the rotor 2. Therefore, it can be said that an induced voltage is not generated and it is a safe state. The amount of magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 is always constant.

  On the other hand, in the rotating machine X of the present embodiment, when a direct current in a predetermined direction is passed only through the main field winding 15 without passing a current through the stator winding 13 (field winding excitation state), FIG. 13 (FIG. 13 schematically shows the flow of the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 and the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 in an excited state of the field winding corresponding to FIG. 5). As shown in FIG. 2, when a direct current in a direction opposite to the direction of the main magnet magnetic flux is passed through the main field winding 15, the main magnet magnetic flux (the magnetic flux flowing in the direction indicated by the relatively thick solid line arrow in FIG. ) Collides with the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 in the stator core 11 (the magnetic flux flowing in the direction indicated by the dotted arrow in the figure), and the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 becomes a resistance and the main field winding Low resistance less than 15 magnetic flux 2 passes through the magnetic gap between the stator 1 and the rotor teeth 22, the rotor core 21, the other rotor teeth 22, the magnetic gap between the rotor teeth 22 and the stator teeth 12, the stator teeth 12, and the stator core 11 to the main permanent magnet 14. Returning magnetic flux. As the direct current flowing through the main field winding 15 is increased, the amount of magnetic flux in the main field winding 15 can be increased, and the region of the stator core 11 where the main field winding 15 is disposed and The adjacent regions are in a state close to magnetic saturation, and the main magnet magnetic flux hardly flows in these regions, and the amount of the main magnet magnetic flux that flows through the magnetic gap and flows to the rotor 2 increases accordingly. That is, if the direct current flowing through the main field winding 15 is increased, the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 and the main magnet magnetic flux that has been short-circuited in the stator 1 flow so as to circulate in the stator 1. Cannot flow, and flows into the magnetic gap as field magnetic flux. The magnitude of the field magnetic flux flowing through the magnetic gap is proportional to the magnitude of the field current (DC current flowing through the main field winding 15).

  The rotating machine X according to the present embodiment allows the main field winding of the stator core 11 when a current (large current) of a predetermined value or more flows through the main field winding 15 (field winding excitation state). 15 and the vicinity thereof are magnetically saturated, the main magnet magnetic flux does not flow in these regions, and all or substantially all of the main magnet magnetic flux leaks to the magnetic gap, and the amount of main magnet magnetic flux that flows to the rotor 2 Will increase.

  Further, in the field winding excitation state, the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 collides with the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 in the stator core 11 as shown in FIG. Without reaching the portion where the main permanent magnet 14 is disposed from the disposed portion, the stator exists in a position closer to the portion where the main field winding 15 is disposed than the portion where the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 collides in the stator 1. The rotor pole 22, the rotor core 21, the other rotor teeth 22, and the stator teeth 12 that can face the rotor teeth 22 pass through a magnetic gap with the rotor teeth 22 that can pass through the teeth 12 and face the stator teeth 12. The magnetic field, the stator teeth 12 and the stator core 11 flow in this order, and the main field winding It reaches the arrangement position of 15. Therefore, as the amount of current flowing through the main field winding 15 increases, the total amount of magnetic flux passing through the rotor 2 (the sum of the main magnet magnetic flux and the main field winding 15) also increases.

  Here, paying attention to the magnetic flux flowing through each stator tooth 12 in the field winding excitation state, as shown in FIG. 13, the position is close to the position where the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 and the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 collide with each other. A stator tooth 12 passes both the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 and the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15. In the present embodiment, three stator teeth 12 are provided at an equal pitch in each region (half-circumferential region) obtained by dividing the stator core 11 into two in the circumferential direction A. In each half-circular region, one stator tooth 12 is disposed at each location. It is set so as to coincide with the middle part of the half-circle region. An intermediate portion in each half-circumferential region of the stator core 11 is a portion where the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 and the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 collide with each other. Therefore, in the field winding excitation state, the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 and the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 pass through the stator teeth 12 protruding toward the rotor 2 from the intermediate portion in each half circumferential region of the stator core 11. . In the present embodiment, the stator teeth 12 through which the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 and the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 pass, that is, project from the intermediate portion in each half-circumferential region of the stator core 11 toward the rotor 2 and face each other. The stator winding 13 wound around the pair of stator teeth 12 is set to the V phase.

  Further, in each half-circumferential region of the stator core 11, the stator teeth 12 provided nearer to the location where the main permanent magnet 14 is disposed than the middle portion thereof have almost no magnetic flux in the main field winding 15 in the field winding excited state. The magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 mainly passes without flowing. On the other hand, in each half-circumferential region of the stator core 11, the stator teeth 12 provided closer to the location where the main field winding 15 is located than the middle portion thereof have almost no magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 in the field winding excited state. It does not flow, but the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 passes mainly. Then, in one half-circumferential region, a stator tooth 12 provided at a location closer to the location where the main permanent magnet 14 is disposed than an intermediate portion thereof, and a stator tooth 12 facing this stator tooth 12 via a rotor (in the other half-circular region) The stator windings wound around the stator teeth 12) provided at positions closer to the location where the main field winding 15 is located than the intermediate portion are set to the W phase, and in one half-circumferential region than the intermediate portion. Stator teeth 12 provided near the place where the main field winding 15 is disposed, and the stator teeth 12 facing the stator teeth 12 via the rotor 2 (the main permanent magnet 14 in the other half-circumferential region than the intermediate portion thereof). Stays wound around stator teeth 12) provided at locations close to The winding 13 is set to U-phase.

  As described above, in the rotating machine X according to the present embodiment, when the current in the predetermined direction is not passed through the main field winding 15 (the field winding is not excited), the rotor X does not flow or does not flow easily. In this case, the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 that is short-circuited is induced to the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 by passing a current in a predetermined direction through the main field winding 15 (the field winding is not excited). The magnetic flux that flows through the rotor 2 through the magnetic gap can be changed, and the amount of magnetic flux that passes through the magnetic gap (field magnetic flux) is adjusted according to the amount of current that flows through the main field winding 15. “Field adjustment” can be performed. Here, the amount of magnetic flux passing through the magnetic gap at the time of field adjustment is proportional to the magnitude of the current flowing through the main field winding 15. The magnitude of the current flowing through the main field winding 15 can be adjusted by, for example, the length of the ON / OFF time per unit time of the switch S connected in series to the main field winding 15. During this field adjustment, no current is passed through each stator winding 13 of the stator 1.

  In the rotating machine X according to the present embodiment, an induced voltage is generated by adjusting the field in an excited state of the field winding, and the stator windings 13 wound around the opposing stator teeth 12 are set in phase. As shown in FIG. 14, the stator winding 13 divided into three phases U, V, and W is phase-shifted by 120 degrees in units of the stator winding 13 for each phase as shown in FIG. By exciting the three-phase alternating current, the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 and the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 act as field magnetic fluxes interlinking with the stator winding 13, and torque for rotating the rotor 2 is generated. It is configured to occur. In FIG. 14, the flow of magnetic flux at an appropriate timing T (appropriate electrical angle) shown in the lower right of the figure is indicated by a relatively thick arrow, and the rotation direction of the rotor 2 is indicated by a relatively thin solid arrow t. Show. At timing T in the figure, assuming that the current I (A) flowing through the W-phase stator winding 13 and the number of flux linkages φ of the W-phase stator winding 13 are the reference values, the U-phase stator winding 13 and V The current I (A) flowing through the phase stator winding 13 and the number of flux linkages φ are each half of the reference value (I / 2 (A), φ / 2).

  Here, FIG. 15 shows the main field when the rotor 2 of the rotating machine X according to the present embodiment is rotated and driven as a motor (or generator) following the field adjustment (when the rotor is driven to rotate). A flow of current flowing through the winding 15 and the stator winding 13 of each phase is schematically shown. As shown in the figure, in a state in which the rotor 2 has a rotational force, a field current (direct current indicated by a solid line arrow in the figure) is passed through the main field winding 15, and the stator of each phase. When an exciting current (alternating current) is passed through each of the windings 13, the currents that flow through the U-phase stator winding 13 (U) and the W-phase stator winding 13 (W) (two-dot chain arrows and dotted lines in the figure). (Indicated by an arrow in FIG. 4) is collected into a current (indicated by a one-dot chain line arrow in the figure) flowing through the V-phase stator winding 13 (V) via the neutral point N and regenerated to a DC power source. In this case, it is regenerated to the DC power source via the freewheeling diode D connected in parallel with the switch S. Such control can be realized by, for example, PWM control or PAM (Pulse Amplitude Modulation) control.

  Thus, in the rotating machine X according to the present embodiment, the main magnet magnetic flux and the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 pass through the magnetic gap and flow into the rotor 2 (field adjusted state). Further, a torque for rotating the rotor 2 is generated by exciting (energizing) each stator winding 13 with a three-phase alternating current whose phase is shifted by 120 degrees for each stator winding 13 unit. By adjusting the amount of current (field power) flowing through the main field winding 15 in accordance with the required number of rotations (output) and torque, the total amount of magnetic flux flowing through the rotor 2 (main It is possible to increase or decrease the magnetic flux amount that is the sum of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 14 and the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15.

  When such a rotating machine X is applied as a starter generator for an aircraft, in the low speed range including at the time of start-up, the coil of the stator 1 (stator winding 13) is energized and the main field winding 15 has a direct current in a predetermined direction. The energized rotor 2 is driven to rotate by passing a current and switching from the non-excited state of the field winding to the excited state of the field winding.

  The rotating machine X according to the present embodiment increases the amount of current flowing through the main field winding 15 (increases the field power) in a low speed range where a large torque is required, thereby responding to the field power. The magnetic flux of the large main field winding 15 and the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 induced by the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 can be passed through the rotor 2 and flow through the rotor 2 to the stator winding 13. It is possible to increase the amount of magnetic flux of the interlinking field (increase the field magnetic flux density). Therefore, for example, even if the current flowing through the stator winding 13 is not increased, a large torque can be obtained by performing field control for flowing a current in a predetermined direction through the main field winding 15, and field control is not performed. The induced voltage can be increased as compared with.

  Further, the rotating machine X of the present embodiment operates in the field winding excitation state in the medium speed range, and maintains the induced voltage constant by reducing the field power as compared with the low speed range, and requires torque. The magnetic field power is further reduced when reaching the region that is not to be reduced, so that the amount of magnetic flux (field magnetic flux amount) that passes through the rotor 2 and is linked to the stator winding 13 is reduced from the low speed region. The magnetic flux density can be suppressed. And in the rotary machine X of this embodiment, iron loss can be reduced by suppressing the magnetic flux density of the rotor 2.

  Further, the rotating machine X according to the present embodiment can be rotated only by the reluctance torque by bringing the field power close to zero in the high speed range. That is, by bringing the field power close to zero, the amount of magnetic flux in the main field winding 15 approaches zero, and the amount of magnetic flux that passes through the rotor 2 and interlinks with the stator winding 13 decreases from the middle speed range. The magnetic flux density in the rotor 2 can be further suppressed. In addition, by reducing the field power to zero, the copper loss of the main field winding 15 is reduced as compared with the low speed region and the medium speed region, and the iron loss can be reduced as the magnetic flux density is reduced in the high speed region. Therefore, in the rotating machine X according to the present embodiment, the induced loss is low (magnetic flux density is low) in the high-speed rotation region, so that the iron loss can be reduced.

  The rotating machine X of the present embodiment having such a configuration is configured such that the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 does not pass through or hardly passes through the rotor 2 in the field winding non-excited state. The magnetic flux interlinked with the stator winding 13 can be made zero or substantially zero, and the cogging torque can be made zero or substantially zero. In addition, no induced voltage is generated in this non-excited state of the field winding, so that a safe state can be secured, and when the control device (power supply, inverter I, etc.) is stopped, a state where no induced voltage is naturally generated is secured. It helps to prevent damage to the control equipment. Further, in the rotating machine X of the present embodiment, when a current in one direction flows through the main field winding 15, the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 together with the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 is changed to the magnetic gap and the rotor 2. The rotor 2 can be rotated by generating an induced voltage through the inside and interlinked with the stator winding 13, and the main field winding 15 can be rotated according to the required number of rotations (output) and torque. By adjusting the amount of current flowing through the coil, the amount of magnetic flux linked to the stator winding 13 via the rotor 2 can be increased or decreased. At this time, since a field weakening that weakens the field of the main permanent magnet 14 is unnecessary, the demagnetization phenomenon of the main permanent magnet 14 can be prevented. The rotating machine X according to the present embodiment can prevent / suppress the occurrence of field copper loss that may occur when the field weakening control is executed. Compared with a mode in which the field weakening control and the field strengthening control are selectively performed, Since the direction of the current flowing through the field winding 15 is only a fixed direction, there is no need to switch the direction of the current flowing through the main field winding 15, and in the high speed range, if the field weakening control is necessary, “contributing to torque” is required. "No stator power" becomes unnecessary, and the stator copper loss can be reduced.

  Thus, in the rotating machine X of this embodiment, when the magnetomotive force of the main field winding 15 is zero, the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 that does not pass through the rotor 2 is supplied to the main field winding 15. By passing an electric current, it can be superposed on the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 and changed to a magnetic flux (field magnetic flux) that passes through the rotor 2 and is linked to the stator winding 13. In this state, the rotor 2 is rotated by torque obtained by passing an exciting current through each stator winding 13, and the amount of current flowing through the main field winding 15 is adjusted in a state where the rotor 2 obtains rotational force. Thus, while avoiding a significant increase in the main permanent magnet 14, high efficiency can be realized in any rotation region corresponding to a wide range of operation ranges from the low speed / high torque state to the high speed / low torque state.

  Moreover, the rotating machine X according to the present embodiment sets the number of stator teeth 12 to 6n (n is a positive integer excluding zero), and the number of rotor teeth 22 to 2 m (m is a multiple of zero and 3). The stator winding 13 wound around each stator tooth 12 is divided into three phases U, V, and W, and the phase is shifted by 120 degrees for each stator winding 13 unit. It is configured to excite a three-phase alternating current and functions as a three-phase synchronous rotating machine that exhibits the above-described effects. Therefore, for example, a configuration in which a plurality of single-phase synchronous rotating machines are arranged in the axial direction of the shaft, and the phase of each single-phase synchronous rotating machine is shifted in the circumferential direction of the shaft to function as a three-phase synchronous rotating machine as a whole. Thus, the three-phase synchronous rotating machine X that can be reduced in size and the number of parts can be realized.

  Moreover, since the rotating machine X of this embodiment is not the structure which attaches the main permanent magnet 14 to the rotor 2, the situation where the main permanent magnet 14 scatters during the high-speed rotation of the rotor 2 can be avoided. Furthermore, if the rotating machine X of the present embodiment has a configuration in which the main permanent magnet 14 is attached to the rotor 2, a scattering prevention member provided to prevent the main permanent magnet 14 from scattering is unnecessary. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the number of parts and prevent the magnetic gap from being enlarged due to the presence of the scattering prevention member.

  In particular, the rotating machine X of the present embodiment is advantageous in that the rotor 2 can be formed only from a magnetic material.

  In addition, in the rotating machine X of the present embodiment, the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 remains in the stator 1 in a state where no current flows through the main field winding 15 attached to the stator 1. Among the processes, in the process of inserting a unit in which the rotor 2 and the shaft 3 are assembled into the internal space of the stator 1, the main permanent magnet 14 is attracted to the rotor 2 unexpectedly by not supplying current to the main field winding 15. Can be prevented, and the insertion operation can be performed smoothly and appropriately.

  Further, in the rotating machine X of the present embodiment, since the numbers of the stator poles 12 and the rotor poles 22 are different, sinusoidal excitation can be used, and a general-purpose inverter can be used. Further, in the rotating machine X of the present embodiment, since sinusoidal excitation can be used, it can be driven by a pulse power source used when the number of stator poles 12 and rotor poles 22 is the same. Rich in versatility.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above. For example, FIG. 16 to FIG. 19 (FIG. 16 is an overall perspective view of the rotating machine X according to this modification (second embodiment), FIG. 17 is a view taken in the direction of arrow f in FIG. 16, and FIG. As shown in the g direction arrow view and FIG. 19 is the h direction arrow view of FIG. 16), the magnetic flux variable member 16 having magnetism in the same direction as the main permanent magnet 14 is connected to the stator core 11. It can be set as the rotary machine X provided with the arrange | positioned stator 1. FIG. There may be only one magnetic flux variable member 16 or a plurality of members. In the rotating machine X shown in FIGS. 16 to 19, the stator core 11 is configured by a combination of a plurality of unit stator cores 11a divided in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic flux varying member 16 is arranged at a position continuous to the unit stator core 11a. Note that in FIGS. 16 to 19, the same reference numerals are given to portions and portions corresponding to the above-described embodiment.

  Below, the rotating machine X which concerns on this modification is made into the rotating machine X which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, and the above-mentioned rotating machine X is demonstrated as the rotating machine X which concerns on 1st Embodiment.

  In the rotating machine X according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16 and the like, when configuring the rotating machine X including a plurality of magnetic flux variable members 16, each magnetic flux variable member 16 is arranged around the stator 1. The stator teeth 12 that are adjacent to each other in the direction are arranged at positions that are continuous with the stator core 11. Each magnetic flux variable member 16 extends (extends) along the axial direction of the rotation axis of the rotor 2, similarly to the main permanent magnet 14. Then, in a state where no current flows through the main field winding 15 (field winding non-excited state), the magnetic flux of each magnetic flux variable member 16 is shown in FIG. The flow of the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 is schematically shown in correspondence with FIG. 17), and the flow of the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 together with the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14, as shown by the relatively thick solid line arrow in FIG. Is set to be a short-circuit magnetic flux that circulates in the same direction. That is, the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux variable member 16 has the same flow as the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 without interfering with the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14. Here, the magnetic flux variable member 16 can be configured using a magnetic material, and in the present embodiment, configured using a yoke.

  In addition, the rotary machine X shown in FIG. 16 etc. employ | adopts as the rotor 2 what provided the two rotor teeth 22 in the circumferential direction A with the equiangular pitch. The dimension in the circumferential direction A of each rotor tooth 22 is set so that these two rotor teeth 22 can face at least four of the six stator teeth 12 via a magnetic gap. Yes.

  In such a rotating machine X, when a current (large current) of a predetermined value or more is passed through the main field winding 15 (field winding excitation state), the main field winding 15 of the stator core 11. The region where the is disposed and the vicinity thereof are magnetically saturated. As a result, the main magnet magnetic flux and the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux variable member 16 are as shown in FIG. 21 (the figure shows the flow of the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 in the field winding excitation state (relatively thick solid arrow) and the main field. As shown in the flow of magnetic flux of the winding 15 (dotted arrow) schematically corresponding to FIG. 17, the region of the stator core 11 where the main field winding 15 is disposed and its vicinity. Without flowing through the region, all or substantially all of the main magnet magnetic flux and the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux variable member 16 leak into the magnetic gap, and the amount of the main magnet magnetic flux and the sub magnetic flux magnetic flux flowing through the rotor 2 increases.

  Further, in the field winding excitation state, the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 collides with the main magnet magnetic flux in the stator core 11, and does not reach the portion of the stator core 11 where the main permanent magnet 14 is disposed. The portion of the rotor 2 (rotor teeth 22 or rotor core 21) that passes through the stator teeth 12 located closer to the location where the main field winding 15 is disposed than the location where the main magnet magnetic flux collides with the stator teeth 12. ) From the part of the rotor 2 (the other part of the rotor teeth 22 or the other part of the rotor core 21) different from the part that has passed through the rotor 2 and passed through the stator teeth 12. Steps that can be opposed to other parts (other rotor teeth 22 or other parts of the rotor core 21) The magnetic gap between Tatisu 12, the stator teeth 12, flows through the stator core 11 in this order to reach the placement position of the main field winding 15. Therefore, as the amount of current flowing through the main field winding 15 increases, the total amount of magnetic flux passing through the rotor 2 (the sum of the main magnet magnetic flux, the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux variable member 16 and the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15) also increases. Increase.

  Here, when focusing attention on the magnetic flux flowing through each stator tooth 12 in the field winding excitation state, as shown in FIG. 21, the stator teeth 12 projecting toward the rotor 2 from the intermediate portion in each half-circumferential region of the stator core 11 A stator provided at a location closer to the location where the main permanent magnet 14 is disposed than the middle portion in each half-circumferential region of the stator core 11 through which the main magnet magnetic flux, the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux variable member 16 and the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 pass. The magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 hardly flows through the teeth 12, and the main magnet magnetic flux and the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux variable member 16 mainly pass through the teeth 12, and the main field winding is larger than the intermediate portion in each half-circumferential region of the stator core 11. In the stator teeth 12 provided near the location where the line 15 is arranged, the main magnet magnetic flux and the magnetic flux variable member 16 magnetic flux are Tondo not a flow mainly magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 passes.

  As described above, the rotating machine X according to the second embodiment does not flow or hardly flows to the rotor 2 in a state where a current in a predetermined direction does not flow through the main field winding 15 (field winding non-excited state). The main field magnet is obtained by causing a current in a predetermined direction to flow through the main field winding 15 through the main field winding 15 and the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 and the magnetic flux variable member 16 that are short-circuited in the state (field winding is not excited). It can be changed to a magnetic flux that is induced by the magnetic flux of the winding 15 and passes through the magnetic gap and flows through the rotor 2. The field magnetic flux that passes through the magnetic gap depends on the amount of current flowing through the main field winding 15. The amount can be adjusted. Here, the amount of magnetic flux passing through the magnetic gap at the time of field adjustment is proportional to the magnitude of the current flowing through the main field winding 15. The magnitude of the current flowing through the main field winding 15 can be adjusted by, for example, the length of the ON / OFF time per unit time of the switch S connected in series to the main field winding 15. During this field adjustment, no current is passed through each stator winding 13 of the stator 1.

  In the rotating machine X according to the second embodiment, an induced voltage is generated by adjusting the field in an excited state of the field winding. In this state, the stator winding of each phase divided into three phases of U, V, and W By exciting a three-phase alternating current whose phase is shifted by 120 degrees in units of lines 13, as shown in FIG. 22, the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14, the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux variable member 16, and the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15 However, it acts as a field magnetic flux interlinked with the stator winding 13 so that a torque for rotating the rotor 2 is generated. In FIG. 22, the flow of magnetic flux at the appropriate timing T (appropriate electrical angle) shown in the lower right of the figure is indicated by a relatively thick arrow, and the rotation direction of the rotor 2 is indicated by a relatively thin solid arrow t. Show. At timing T in the figure, assuming that the current I (A) flowing through the W-phase stator winding 13 and the number of flux linkages φ of the W-phase stator winding 13 are the reference values, the U-phase stator winding 13 and V The current I (A) flowing through the phase stator winding 13 and the number of flux linkages φ are each half of the reference value (I / 2 (A), φ / 2).

  Thus, even in the rotating machine X according to the second embodiment, the main magnet magnetic flux, the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux variable member 16, and the main field winding 15 are configured in accordance with the rotating machine X according to the first embodiment. In a state in which the magnetic field is adjusted so that the magnetic flux leaks into the magnetic gap and flows into the rotor 2 (field winding excitation state), each stator winding 13 is also phased by 120 degrees in units of each stator winding 13. Exciting (energizing) the shifted three-phase alternating current generates a torque for rotating the rotor 2, and the rotor 2 can be rotated, and the main field according to the required rotational speed (output) and torque. By adjusting the amount of current (field power) that flows through the winding 15, the total amount of magnetic flux that flows through the rotor 2 (the magnetic flux that is the sum of the main magnet magnetic flux, the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux variable member 16, and the magnetic flux of the main field winding 15). Amount) can be increased or decreased It is possible to obtain the effect that. Moreover, the rotary machine X which concerns on 2nd Embodiment has an effect similar to the various effect which the rotary machine X which concerns on 1st Embodiment has.

  In particular, in the rotating machine X according to the second embodiment, the magnetic flux variable member 16 that has magnetism in the same direction as the main permanent magnet 14 and does not interfere with the flow of magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 is continuous with the stator core 11. By applying the stator 1 arranged in this manner, the size of the rotor 2 is increased in size along the rotation axis direction and the diameter dimension about the rotation axis of the rotor 2 as compared with the rotating machine X of the first embodiment. In comparison with a rotating machine using the stator 1 in which the magnetic flux variable member 16 is not disposed without causing an increase in the size of the magnetic field, the field winding excitation state, the field winding non-excitation state, and the excitation winding excitation state In both of these states, the amount of magnetic flux flowing in the rotating machine can be increased, which contributes to higher efficiency. Further, in the rotating machine X to which the stator 1 having such a magnetic flux variable member 16 is applied, the output ratio per amount of current flowing through the main field winding 15 is increased as compared with a rotating machine having a small magnet volume. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a problem that the motor efficiency is lowered due to excessive current flowing through the main field winding 15.

  As another modification of the rotating machine X according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 23 to 27, a plurality of sets of the stator 1 and the rotor 2 are provided, and the phases of the respective sets are set in the circumferential direction A. A rotating machine X in which the stators 1 of the respective sets are connected to each other via the connecting member 4 in a state in which they are matched can be exemplified. Below, the rotating machine X which concerns on this modification (rotating machine X which concerns on 3rd Embodiment) is demonstrated.

  A rotating machine X according to the third embodiment is shown in FIGS. 23 to 27 (FIG. 23 is an overall perspective view of the rotating machine X according to this modification, and FIG. 24 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow f in FIG. FIG. 25 is a view of a stator S1 and a rotor S2 constituting a second set, which will be described later, as viewed from the direction of the QQ line of FIG. 26, FIG. 23 is a view in the direction of the arrow g in FIG. 23, and FIG. 27 is a view in the direction of the arrow h in FIG. 23), and the stator and rotor according to the configuration of the stator 1 and the rotor 2 according to the first embodiment described above. A set (two sets in the drawing) is connected by a connecting member 4 in the rotation axis direction of the rotor 2 (longitudinal direction of the shaft 3). In the following, in the rotating machine X, the first set is the set on the left side in the drawing in FIG. 23, the second set is the set on the right side in the drawing in the drawing, and the portion constituting the stator S1 and the rotor S2 of the second set is shown in FIG. Each will be described with an initial “S”.

  The stators 1 and S1 in each set have the same configuration, but the directions of the magnetic fluxes of the main permanent magnets 14 and S14 having magnetism in the circumferential direction A are viewed from the front in the axial direction (direction f in the figure). Is set to be in the opposite direction (see FIGS. 24 and 25). In the rotating machine X shown in FIG. 23 and the like, the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 provided in the first set of stators 1 is the same as that of FIG. 30 (the flow of the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 in the field winding non-excited state). In the axial direction front of the main field winding 15 in the non-excited state (as shown in FIG. 23). While being set to be a short-circuit magnetic flux that circulates in the stator 1 in the clockwise direction when viewed in the f direction (PP line direction in FIGS. 26 and 27), the second set of stators S1 is provided. The magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet S14 is relative in FIG. 31 (the figure schematically shows the flow of the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet 14 in a state in which the field winding is not excited corresponding to FIG. 25). As shown by the thick solid line arrow, the main world Figure 26 is set such that the short circuit magnetic fluxes circulating in line Q-Q stator counterclockwise as viewed from the direction S1 of FIG. 27 in the non-excited state of the windings S15.

  When the main field windings 15 and S15 of each set are switched from the non-excited state to the excited state, the magnetic fluxes of the main permanent magnets 14 and S14 and the magnetic fluxes of the main field windings 15 and S15 of each set are changed. An induced voltage is generated by passing through the pair of magnetic gaps and the rotor 2 and S2. In the rotating machine X according to the third embodiment, each set of main field windings 15 and S15 is set to flow a direct current as shown in FIG. By setting a direct current to S15, it sets so that the magnetic flux of the opposite direction to the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnets 14 and S14 in each group may arise.

  In the rotating machine X of the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 29, the stator windings 13 and S13 having the same phase are connected in series, and the stator windings 13 and S13 having three phases are connected at the neutral point N. A connection that connects in a lump (so-called Y connection or star connection) can be used to excite (energize) three-phase AC currents that are 120 degrees out of phase in the stator windings 13 and S13 of each phase. It is configured.

  Moreover, the rotating machine X of 3rd Embodiment has applied the permanent magnet (henceforth connection permanent magnet 41,42) as the connection member 4 which connects each pair of stators 2 and S2. In this embodiment, two partial arc-shaped connecting permanent magnets 41 and 42 whose outer peripheral surfaces coincide with the outer peripheral surface of the stator core 11 are used, and each of the connecting permanent magnets 41 and 42 is connected to the stator core 11 or In S11, each of the stator cores 11 and S11 is arranged in a half-circumferential region, which is a region partitioned by the main permanent magnets 14 and S14 and the main field windings 15 and S15, and magnetism is imparted in a direction in which each pair of stator cores 11 and S11 face each other. The magnetic flux flows of the coupling permanent magnets 41 and 42 are set to be opposite to each other. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 26, one of the coupling permanent magnets 41, 42 of which the surface contacting each set of stator cores 11 is magnetized to the S or N pole is: The surface that contacts the first set of stator cores 11 is magnetized to the S pole, and the surface that contacts the second set of stator cores S11 is magnetized to the N pole. The surface that contacts the stator core 11 is magnetized to the N pole, and the surface that contacts the second set of stator cores S11 is magnetized to the S pole. Each of the connecting permanent magnets 41 and 42 is arranged so as not to contact the main permanent magnets 14 and S14 and the main field windings 15 and S15.

  Further, each set of rotors 2 and S2 may be individually assembled to a common shaft 3 and S3 so as to be integrally rotatable. However, in the rotating machine X shown in FIG. Are configured as common parts that are continuous with each other, and these common parts are assembled to the shafts 3 and S3 so as to be integrally rotatable.

  In the rotating machine X according to the third embodiment, the magnetic fluxes of the main permanent magnets 14 and S14 in each set are shown in FIG. 30 to FIG. 30 in a state where no current is passed through the main field windings 15 and S15 in each set. As shown by the relatively thick arrows in FIG. 33, a pair of short-circuit magnetic flux that circulates in each set of stator cores 11 and S11, and each set of stator cores 11 and S11 to which each main permanent magnet 14 and S14 belongs. The permanent magnets 41 and 42 pass through either one of the permanent magnets for connection 41, 42, flow through the other set of stator cores, pass through the other permanent magnet for connection, and each of the main permanent magnets 14 and S14 belongs. The short-circuit magnetic flux returns to the stator core 11 and S11. 30 and 31, the direction of the magnetic field of the coupling permanent magnets 41 and 42 (the magnetic flux of the coupling permanent magnets 41 and 42) is schematically shown in each stator core 11 and S11. As shown in FIG. 32, the magnetic flux of the coupling permanent magnets 41 and 42 is N of one of the pair of coupling permanent magnets 41 and 42 (the coupling permanent magnet 41 in the illustrated example). If the surface magnetized in the pole (N-pole magnetized surface) is taken as the starting point, the stator belonging to one set in contact with the N-pole magnetized surface from the N-pole magnetized surface (in the example shown in FIG. Flows through one set of stators 1) and reaches the south pole magnetized surface of the other connecting permanent magnet (the connecting permanent magnet 42 in the illustrated example). One of the permanent magnets for coupling (in the illustrated example) flows through the stator (the second set of stators S1 in the illustrated example) belonging to the other group passing through the poled magnetized surface and in contact with the N-polarized magnetized surface. It becomes a short-circuit magnetic flux returning to the S pole landing of the coupling permanent magnet 41).

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, the rotating machine X of the third embodiment is provided with two rotor teeth 22 and S22 in the circumferential direction A as equiangular pitches as each set of rotors 2 and S2. The thing is adopted. Each rotor is configured such that the two rotor teeth 22 and S22 in each set can face at least four stator teeth 12 and S12 out of the six stator teeth 12 and S12 in each set via a magnetic gap. The dimension of the teeth 22 and S22 in the circumferential direction A is set.

  In such a rotating machine X, when a current (large current) of a predetermined value or more is passed through each set of main field windings 15 and S15 (field winding excitation state), each set of stator cores 11. , S11, the region where the main field windings 15 and S15 are disposed and the vicinity thereof are magnetically saturated. As a result, the main magnet magnetic flux is shown in FIGS. 34 to 37 (in these figures, the magnetic flux flow (relatively thick solid arrow) of the main permanent magnets 14 and S14 in the field winding excitation state and the main field winding). As shown in FIG. 24 to FIG. 27, the flow of magnetic flux of the lines 15 and S15 (schematically corresponding to FIGS. 24 to 27), the main field winding 15 of the stator cores 11 and S11. , S15 and the vicinity of the main magnet magnetic flux does not flow, and all or substantially all of the main magnet magnetic flux leaks to each set of magnetic gaps, and the amount of main magnet magnetic flux that flows to each set of rotors 2, S2 Will increase.

  Further, in the field winding excitation state, the magnetic fluxes of the main field windings 15 and S15 of each group collide with the main magnet magnetic fluxes in the stators 1 and S1 of the respective groups as shown in FIGS. Without reaching the part where the main permanent magnets 14 and S14 are disposed in the stators 1 and S1 of the set, the main field windings 15 and S15 are arranged in the stators 1 and S1 of each set rather than the portion where they collide with the main magnet magnetic flux. A magnetic gap between the rotor teeth 2 and S2 (rotor teeth 22 and S22 or rotor cores 21 and S21) that can pass through the stator teeth 12 and S12 located at a position close to the disposed location and face the stator teeth 12 and S12. Part of the rotor 2, S2 that is different from the part that has passed through the rotor 2 and S2 and passed from the stator teeth 12 and S12 Stator teeth 12, S12 that can be opposed to the rotor 2, S2 portion (other rotor teeth 22, S22 or other portions of the rotor core 21, S21) from the tooth teeth 22, S22 or other portions of the rotor core 21, S21). And the stator teeth 12 and S12 and the stator cores 11 and S11 flow in this order to reach the locations where the main field windings 15 and S15 are arranged in the stators 1 and S1 of each set. Therefore, as the amount of current flowing through each set of main field windings 15 and S15 increases, the total amount of magnetic flux leaking through the gaps of each set and passing through the rotor 2 and S2 (main magnet flux and main field windings) 15, the sum of the magnetic fluxes of S15 and S15 also increases.

  Here, paying attention to the magnetic flux flowing through each set of stator teeth 12 and S12 in the field winding excitation state, each of the sets of stator cores 11 and S11 is similar to the rotating machine X according to the first embodiment described above. The main magnet magnetic flux and the magnetic fluxes of the main field windings 15 and S15 pass through the stator teeth 12 and S12 protruding from the intermediate portion in the half-circumferential region toward the rotor 2 and S2, and each half-round of each pair of stator cores 11 and S11. In the region, the magnetic fluxes of the main field windings 15 and S15 hardly flow through the stator teeth 12 and S12 provided at positions closer to the positions where the main permanent magnets 14 and S14 are arranged than the intermediate portion thereof, and the main magnet magnetic fluxes mainly. Passes, and in each half-circumferential region of each set of stator cores 11 and S11, it is closer to the location where the main field windings 15 and S15 are disposed than the middle portion thereof. The stator teeth 12, S12 provided at the main magnetic flux hardly flows, mainly the main field winding 15, the magnetic flux at S15 passes (see FIG. 34, FIG. 35).

  In the rotating machine according to the third embodiment, in the field winding excitation state, the magnetic flux of the coupling permanent magnets 41 and 42 is induced by the main magnet magnetic flux and the main field magnetic flux and leaks into the magnetic gap. It flows to the pair of rotors 2 and S2.

  In the rotating machine X according to the third embodiment, an induced voltage is generated by adjusting the field in the field winding excitation state, and in this state, each set divided into three phases of U, V, and W. By exciting three-phase alternating currents whose phases are shifted by 120 degrees in units of phase stator windings 13 and S13, as shown in FIGS. 38 and 39, the magnetic fluxes of the main permanent magnets 14 and S14 in each set and the main The magnetic fluxes of the field windings 15 and S15 act as field magnetic fluxes interlinking with the stator windings 13 and S13, so that torque for rotating the rotors 2 and S2 in the same direction is generated. . 38 and 39 show the flow of magnetic flux when the rotor is rotated, respectively, as viewed in the direction of the line P-P in FIG. 26 and FIG. 25 (in the direction of the line Q-Q in FIG. 26). ), The flow of the magnetic flux at the appropriate timing T (appropriate electrical angle) shown in the lower right of each figure is indicated by a relatively thick arrow, and the rotation direction of the rotors 2 and S2 Is indicated by a relatively thin solid arrow t. Further, when the rotor is driven to rotate, the magnetic fluxes of the coupling permanent magnets 41 and 42 are also induced by the magnetic fluxes of the main permanent magnets 14 and S14 and the magnetic fluxes of the main field windings 15 and S15 in the same manner as in the field adjustment. It leaks into the gap and passes through the rotor 2 and S2. At this timing T, if the current I (A) flowing through the U-phase stator windings 13 and S13 and the number of interlinkage magnetic fluxes φ of the U-phase stator windings 13 and S13 are set as reference values, The current I (A) and the number of flux linkages φ flowing in the stator windings 13 and S13 of the phase and the stator windings 13 and S13 of the W phase are respectively half of the reference values (I / 2 (A), φ / 2 )become.

  As described above, even in the rotating machine X according to the third embodiment, each phase is excited in the field winding excitation state (field adjusted state) by the configuration according to the rotating machine X according to the first embodiment. By exciting (energizing) a three-phase alternating current whose phase is shifted by 120 degrees in units of the stator windings 13 and S13, torque for rotating the rotor 2 and S2 is generated, and the rotor 2 and S2 can be rotated. By adjusting the amount of current (field power) flowing through the main field windings 15 and S15 according to the required rotation speed (output) and torque, the total amount of magnetic flux flowing through the rotors 2 and S2 (main magnet magnetic flux) And the main field windings 15, S15, and the like can be increased / decreased, and the same operational effects as the various operational effects exhibited by the rotating machine X according to the first embodiment can be achieved.

  In particular, in the rotating machine X according to the third embodiment, since a plurality of sets of the stator 1, S1 and the rotor 2, S2 are connected via the connecting member 4 in the rotation axis direction, the rotating machine according to the first embodiment. Compared with X, a higher output can be obtained even if the amount of current passed through the main field windings 15 and S15 is the same. And since the connection member 4 is comprised using the permanent magnets 41 and 42 for connection, compared with the rotary machine X of 1st Embodiment, the large-sized diameter centering on the rotating shaft of the rotor 2 and S2 is large. The volume of permanent magnets (the amount of permanent magnets) in the entire rotating machine X can be increased without incurring a reduction in the output, and the balance between magnetic loading and electric loading when generating output is improved, resulting in higher efficiency. To contribute. Further, in the rotating machine X with the increased magnet volume, the output ratio per amount of current flowing through the main field windings 15 and S15 can be increased as compared with a rotating machine with a small magnet volume. The problem of a reduction in motor efficiency due to an excessive current flowing through the main field windings 15 and S15 can be avoided.

  In addition, if the stator 1 in the rotary machine X of 2nd Embodiment, ie, the stator provided with the magnetic flux variable member, is applied as each set of stators 1 and S1 in the rotary machine X of the third embodiment, the amount of magnetic flux is further increased. It is possible to achieve further power saving and higher output.

  Moreover, you may apply members (regardless of whether it is a member formed from the magnetic material) other than a permanent magnet as a connection member in the rotary machine X of 3rd Embodiment. When a member made of a non-magnetic material is applied as the connecting member, the magnetic flux of each set of main permanent magnets 14 and S14 stays in each set of stators 1 and S1 without passing through the connecting member. Therefore, the magnetic fluxes of the main permanent magnets 14 and S14 of each set are in the same direction when viewed from the front in the axial direction (direction f shown in FIG. 23) in the non-excited state of the main field windings 15 and S15. , S1 may be set so that the magnetic flux circulates in S1.

  It is also possible to constitute a rotating machine in which three or more sets of stators and rotors are connected via a connecting member.

  In the three-phase rotating machine of the present invention, the number of stator poles (stator teeth) set to a multiple of 6 other than 6 (for example, 12, 24, etc.), the number of rotor poles (rotor teeth) is 2, A rotor set to a number other than 4 and not a multiple of 3 (for example, 8, 10, 14, 16, etc.) can be applied. Depending on the number of stator poles and rotor poles, the pitch between the stator poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft and the pitch between the rotor poles can be appropriately changed.

  Further, the stator iron core and the rotor iron core may be a laminated body formed by laminating magnetic plate-like members, or may be a lump that is one block as a whole.

  The outer edge shape (the shape of the radially outward surface) and the inner edge shape (the shape of the radially inward surface) of the stator core are not limited to the shapes shown in the above-described embodiment, but may be a rectangle or a polygon other than a rectangle. Alternatively, the shape of the radially outward surface and the shape of the radially inward surface may be different from each other.

  In addition, the outer movable rotating machine in which the rotor is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the stator in the radial direction of the rotating shaft is not limited to the inner movable rotating machine in which the rotor is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the stator in the radial direction of the rotating shaft. It is also possible.

  In the case of the inner movable type as the “rotor support portion” in the present invention, the rotating shaft (shaft) itself, or both ends in the axial direction of the rotating shaft or one end of the rotor in the configuration without the shaft are rotated. A rotating support that can be held can be employed. Further, in the case of the outer movable type, a frame arranged on the outer side in the radial direction of the rotation shaft than the rotor can be adopted as the “rotor support portion”.

  Further, the rotating machine of the present invention can be used for applications other than an aircraft starter generator (aircraft), for example, a vehicle drive motor such as an electric vehicle (EV) or a hybrid vehicle (HEV), or a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle. For turning for load equipment of test equipment that performs load test of mounted motor, VSCF (variable speed constant frequency constant voltage power supply device), wind power generator, large generator, or construction machinery It can be used as an electric motor or the like, various load devices, generators or electric motors whose speed and output fluctuate rapidly.

  In addition, the specific configuration of each part is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

1, S1... Stator 11, S11... Stator core (stator core)
12, S12 ... stator pole (stator teeth)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13, S13 ... Stator winding 14, S14 ... Main permanent magnet 15, S15 ... Main field winding 16 ... Magnetic flux variable member 2, S2 ... Rotor 21, S21 ... Rotor core (rotor core)
22, S22 ... rotor pole (rotor teeth)
3 ... Rotor support (shaft)
X ... Rotating machine

Claims (3)

The rotating machine includes a stator, a rotor that is coaxially arranged with the stator and that forms a magnetic gap with the stator, and a rotor support portion that rotatably supports the rotor with respect to the stator. And
The stator is
A ring-shaped or substantially ring-shaped stator iron core, and a single main permanent magnet arranged to be continuous with the stator iron core in the circumferential direction around the rotation axis of the rotor and having magnetism in the circumferential direction A single main field winding wound around a position of the stator core facing the main permanent magnet and generating a magnetic flux in a direction opposite to the magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet, and the main of the stator core 6n (n is a positive integer excluding zero) stator poles projecting toward the rotor and provided at an equal pitch in the circumferential direction between the permanent magnet and the main field winding, and the stator poles A stator winding wound around, and the stator windings wound around the stator poles facing each other are set in phase,
The rotor is
A ring-shaped rotor core, and 2m (m is a positive integer excluding zero and multiples of 3) rotor poles protruding from the rotor core toward the stator and provided at an equal pitch in the circumferential direction. Is,
The magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet that passes through the stator without passing through the magnetic gap between the stator pole and the rotor pole in a state in which the main field winding is not energized is supplied to the main field winding. The main field winding generated by energizing in a predetermined direction can be changed to a magnetic flux passing through the magnetic gap and the rotor, and the stator winding is divided into three phases U, V, and W. Exciting voltage is generated by exciting the main field winding, and torque for rotating the rotor is generated by exciting a three-phase alternating current whose phase is shifted by 120 degrees for each stator winding of each phase. A rotating machine characterized by being configured to generate. The stator includes a magnetic flux variable member that is arranged to be continuous with the stator iron core in the circumferential direction and does not interfere with the flow of magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet, and the single or plural magnetic flux variable members are It is arranged between the stator poles adjacent in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic flux variable member according to the flow of magnetic flux of the main permanent magnet in any of the main winding excitation state and the stator winding excitation state The rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the flow of the magnetic flux can be changed. A plurality of sets of the stator and the rotor are arranged in the rotational axis direction of the rotor, and the stators of the respective sets are connected to each other via a connecting member in a state where the phases of the respective sets coincide with the circumferential direction. The rotating machine according to claim 1 or 2.

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