JP5855790B2 - Power conversion system and control method thereof - Google Patents

Power conversion system and control method thereof Download PDF

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JP5855790B2
JP5855790B2 JP2015505167A JP2015505167A JP5855790B2 JP 5855790 B2 JP5855790 B2 JP 5855790B2 JP 2015505167 A JP2015505167 A JP 2015505167A JP 2015505167 A JP2015505167 A JP 2015505167A JP 5855790 B2 JP5855790 B2 JP 5855790B2
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voltage
conversion system
power conversion
rotating machine
current
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JPWO2014141436A1 (en
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順弘 楠野
順弘 楠野
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Hitachi Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/538—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a push-pull configuration
    • H02M7/53803—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/325—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection with means for allowing continuous operation despite a fault, i.e. fault tolerant converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/10—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using transformers
    • H02M5/12—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using transformers for conversion of voltage or current amplitude only

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)

Description

本発明は電力変換システム及びその制御方法に係り、特に、複数の半導体スイッチング素子を備える電力変換器と電機機器を組み合わせ、半導体スイッチング素子の故障時においても運転を継続するための技術に好適な電力変換システム及びその制御方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a power conversion system and a control method therefor, and in particular, a power suitable for a technique for combining a power converter including a plurality of semiconductor switching elements and an electrical device and continuing operation even when the semiconductor switching element fails. The present invention relates to a conversion system and a control method thereof.

インバータやコンバータなどの電力変換器は、パワーＭＯＳＦＥＴ(Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor)やＩＧＢＴ(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor)やＧＴＯ(Gate Turn Off Thyristor)などの半導体スイッチング素子で構成されている。このような電力変換器は、それらの半導体スイッチング素子のオン・オフを制御することで交流・直流変換など電力を所望の形態に変換することができる。   Power converters such as inverters and converters are composed of semiconductor switching elements such as power MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor), IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), and GTO (Gate Turn Off Thyristor). Such a power converter can convert electric power into a desired form such as AC / DC conversion by controlling on / off of these semiconductor switching elements.

これにより、電力の形態を変換する様々な用途、例えば、電力系統における交流送電網の５０Ｈｚ／６０Ｈｚ周波数変換所や交流送電網と直流送電網とを接続させる交直変換所、或いは自然条件により変動する発電電力を電力系統周波数に整合させて送電する風力発電システムや太陽光発電システムなどに使用される。   Thereby, it varies depending on various uses for converting the form of power, for example, a 50 Hz / 60 Hz frequency conversion station of an AC transmission network in an electric power system, an AC / DC conversion station that connects the AC transmission network and the DC transmission network, or natural conditions. It is used in wind power generation systems and solar power generation systems that transmit generated power by matching the power grid frequency.

電力系統システムに使用される電力変換器は、電力変換器の故障が停電の原因となるため、電力変換器を構成する部品の一部が故障した場合においても、電力変換運転を継続することが求められる。また、風力発電システムや太陽光発電システムでは、故障による発電停止は発電事業者の売電損益となるため、発電停止期間を最小化し設備稼働率を向上させることが重要である。洋上や山岳地などの保守のためのアクセスが困難な立地においては、電力変換器の故障時に発電システムが運転継続可能であることは特に重要である。   Power converters used in power system systems can continue power conversion operation even when some of the components that make up the power converter fail because a failure of the power converter causes a power failure. Desired. Moreover, in a wind power generation system or a solar power generation system, since a power generation stoppage due to a failure becomes a profit or loss of power sales of a power generation company, it is important to minimize the power generation stoppage period and improve the facility operation rate. In locations where access for maintenance is difficult, such as offshore and mountainous areas, it is particularly important that the power generation system can continue operation when the power converter fails.

電力変換器を構成する自己消孤型半導体スイッチング素子の故障を検知する方法として、例えば、特許文献１には、自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子の主電極間の電圧印加を検出する検出信号と自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子をオン・オフする駆動信号を比較することで、自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子の短絡故障、開放故障または駆動回路異常を検出する手段が開示されている。   As a method for detecting a failure of a self-extinguishing semiconductor switching element constituting a power converter, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a detection signal for detecting voltage application between main electrodes of a self-extinguishing semiconductor switching element and self Means for detecting a short circuit fault, an open fault, or a drive circuit abnormality of a self-extinguishing semiconductor switching element by comparing drive signals for turning on and off the arc extinguishing semiconductor switching element are disclosed.

また、電力変換器の故障時にも運転継続可能とする技術として、例えば、特許文献２には、単相の電力変換モジュールを多数直列接続することで構成された相モジュールを少なくとも２つ以上もつ電力変換器において、相モジュールを構成する単相の電力変換モジュールが故障した場合に、その他の健全な相モジュールの対応する単相の電力変換モジュールの出力する電圧を０であるように制御することで、電力変換を継続する技術が開示されている。   In addition, as a technique that enables operation to continue even when a power converter fails, for example, Patent Document 2 discloses a power having at least two phase modules configured by connecting a large number of single-phase power conversion modules in series. In the converter, when the single-phase power conversion module constituting the phase module fails, the voltage output from the corresponding single-phase power conversion module of other healthy phase modules is controlled to be zero. A technique for continuing power conversion is disclosed.

更に、特許文献３には、自己消孤型半導体スイッチング素子とそれに逆並列接続された整流用ダイオード素子によって構成されるスイッチングモジュールに、電気的に並列に圧接型スイッチング素子を接続することで、自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子が故障した時に、圧接型スイッチング素子が短絡状態となることで、電力変換を継続する技術が開示されている。   Further, Patent Document 3 discloses that a self-quenching semiconductor switching element and a switching module composed of a rectifying diode element connected in reverse parallel thereto are electrically connected in parallel with a pressure contact switching element, A technique is disclosed in which power conversion is continued by causing a pressure-contact type switching element to be in a short-circuited state when the arc-extinguishing type semiconductor switching element fails.

特開２００８−１１６０８号公報JP 2008-11608 A 特表２００９−５０９４８３号公報Special table 2009-509383 特開２００１−２３８４６０号公報JP 2001-238460 A

上述した特許文献１に記載の技術で自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子の故障を検出し、特許文献２や特許文献３に記載の技術によって電力変換器の運転を継続するためには、相を構成するモジュールが多数直列に接続されることで電力変換器が構成されていることが前提となる。なぜなら、多数直列に接続されたモジュールのうち１個乃至２個等が故障した場合に、健全時に故障モジュールで分担していた電圧を故障していないモジュールで分担することが必要となるからである。   In order to detect the failure of the self-extinguishing semiconductor switching element with the technique described in Patent Document 1 and continue the operation of the power converter by the technique described in Patent Document 2 or Patent Document 3, the phase is configured. It is assumed that a power converter is configured by connecting a large number of modules to be connected in series. This is because, when one or two of the modules connected in series fail, it is necessary to share the voltage shared by the failed module when it is healthy with a module that has not failed. .

しかしながら、健全なモジュールが分担する電圧は、故障したモジュールが増えれば増加する。モジュールに使用される自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子や還流用ダイオード素子には、それが耐え得る最大の電圧（耐圧）が規定されており、相を構成するモジュールの全数に対して故障しても運転継続ができるモジュール数には上限がある。この上限数を超えて故障が発生した場合には、健全なモジュールが耐圧不足により連鎖的に故障し、電力変換器が運転を継続することができない。   However, the voltage shared by a healthy module increases as the number of failed modules increases. The maximum voltage (withstand voltage) that can be withstood by the self-extinguishing semiconductor switching element and the free-wheeling diode element used in the module is specified, and even if a failure occurs with respect to the total number of modules constituting the phase There is an upper limit to the number of modules that can continue operation. When a failure occurs in excess of this upper limit, healthy modules fail in a chain due to insufficient pressure resistance, and the power converter cannot continue operation.

また、風力発電システムや太陽光発電システム等は、高圧（６００Ｖ超７ｋＶ以下）下や低圧（６００Ｖ以下）下での使用が多いため、健全状態での運転を考慮すると前記モジュールの多直列数は多くなく、モジュールの故障時に運転継続を実施するために特許文献１乃至３に記載の技術を適用することは、健全時に各モジュールで分担すべき電圧に対して必要以上に高耐圧の素子を多数直列に接続して構成することになり、導通損失の増加や部品点数の増加となる。   In addition, wind power generation systems and solar power generation systems are often used under high pressure (over 600V and below 7kV) and under low pressure (less than 600V). Applying the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 in order to continue operation when there is a module failure is that there are many elements with a higher withstand voltage than necessary for the voltage that should be shared by each module when healthy. It is configured to be connected in series, which increases the conduction loss and the number of parts.

このように、少ない部品点数で低損失に電力変換器の故障時運転継続を実現するためには、故障時に各健全なモジュールに印加される電圧が、常にモジュールを構成する自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子等の耐圧上限値以下とすることが必要である。   In this way, in order to realize continuous operation at the time of failure of the power converter with a low number of parts and low loss, the voltage applied to each healthy module at the time of failure is always self-extinguishing semiconductor switching that constitutes the module It is necessary to make it lower than the withstand voltage upper limit value of the element or the like.

本発明は上述の点に鑑みなされたもので、その目的とするところは、電力変換器を構成する自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子等のモジュールが故障した場合であっても、電力変換器に印加される電圧を低減できる電力変換システム及びその制御方法を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the object of the present invention is to be applied to a power converter even when a module such as a self-extinguishing semiconductor switching element constituting the power converter fails. An object of the present invention is to provide a power conversion system capable of reducing the generated voltage and a control method thereof.

本発明の電力変換システムは、上記目的を達成するために、自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子及び該自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子に逆並列接続される整流素子によって構成されるスイッチングモジュールと、該スイッチングモジュールの故障を検出する故障検出器と、該故障検出器で故障を検知した前記スイッチングモジユールを電気的に短絡させる短絡装置とから成る回路を複数直列に接続することで構成される電力変換器を有し、前記電力変換器の直流部電圧を検出する直流部電圧検出手段と、前記電力変換器の交流部電圧を低下させる交流部電圧低下手段と、前記故障検出器が前記スイッチングモジュールの故障を検知したら前記電力変換器の直流部電圧の電圧指令値を低下させることで直流電圧を健全時よりも低下させ、かつ、前記交流部電圧低下手段に動作信号を出力する制御装置とを備えていることを特徴とする。 Power conversion system of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, a switching module constituted by rectifier elements connected in antiparallel self arc-suppressing semiconductor switching element and the self-extinguishing type semiconductors switching element, a fault detector for detecting a failure of the switching modules, power constituted by connecting a circuit including a short-circuit device for electrically shorting the switching modular Yule that has detected the failure in the fault detector to a plurality series A DC part voltage detecting means for detecting a DC part voltage of the power converter; an AC part voltage reducing means for reducing an AC part voltage of the power converter; and the failure detector comprising the converter. If a failure is detected, the voltage command value of the DC voltage of the power converter is lowered to lower the DC voltage than when it is healthy. , Characterized in that a control device for outputting an operation signal to the AC unit voltage drop means.

また、本発明の電力変換システムの制御方法は、上記目的を達成するために、自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子及び該自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子に逆並列接続される整流素子によって構成されるスイッチングモジユールと、該スイッチングモジュールの故障を検出する故障検出器と、該故障検出器で故障を検知した前記スイッチングモジユールを電気的に短絡させる短絡装置とから成る回路を複数直列に接続することで構成される電力変換器の直流部電圧を直流部電圧検出手段で検出すると共に、前記故障検出器が前記スイッチングモジユールの故障を検知した際に、制御装置で前記電力変換器の直流部電圧の電圧指令値を低下させることで直流電圧を健全時よりも低下させ、かつ、交流部電圧低下手段に動作信号を出力することを特徴とする。 The control method of the power conversion system of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, is constituted by a rectifying element connected antiparallel to a self arc-suppressing semiconductor switching element and the self-extinguishing type semiconductors switching element A plurality of circuits comprising a switching module, a failure detector for detecting a failure of the switching module, and a short-circuit device for electrically short-circuiting the switching module that detects the failure by the failure detector. and detects a DC section voltage detection means DC unit voltage configured power converter by, when said fault detector detects a fault in the switching modular Yule, DC of the power converter in the control unit It is lower than during normal state DC voltage by reducing the voltage command value parts voltage, and to output an operation signal to the ac unit voltage drop means And features.

本発明によれば、電力変換器を構成する自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子等のモジュールが故障した場合であっても、電力変換器に印加される電圧を低減でき、健全なモジュールに印加される電圧が耐圧以上となることで連鎖的に故障することがなくなり、運転継続を実現することができる。   According to the present invention, even when a module such as a self-extinguishing semiconductor switching element constituting a power converter fails, the voltage applied to the power converter can be reduced and applied to a healthy module. If the voltage exceeds the withstand voltage, there will be no chain failures and continuation of operation can be realized.

[図１]本発明の電力変換システムの実施例１を示し、交流部電圧低下手段として負荷時タップ切換変圧器を用いた例の概略構成図である。
[図２]図１の電力変換システムにおける制御装置に組み込まれている平滑コンデンサの電圧を所定の電圧に制御する仕方を説明するためのブロック図である。
[図３]本発明の電力変換システムの実施例２を示し、交流部電圧低下手段として負荷時タップ切換変圧器と永久磁石型回転機若しくは巻線型同期機を用いた例の概略構成図である。
[図４]本発明の電力変換システムの実施例２を示し、交流部電圧低下手段として負荷時タップ切換変圧器と巻線型２次励磁回転機を用いた例の概略構成図である。
[図５]図３に示した永久磁石型回転機若しくは巻線型同期機の場合の回転数と誘起電圧の関係を示す特性図である。
[図６]図４に示した巻線型２次励磁回転機の場合の回転数と誘起電圧の関係を示す特性図である。
[図７]本発明の電力変換システムの実施例３を示し、交流部電圧低下手段として第１の回転機と第２の回転機を用いた例の概略構成図である。
[図８]図７に示した第１及び第２の回転機が巻線型２次励磁回転機の場合の回転数と誘起電圧の関係を示す特性図である。
[図９]図７に示した第１の回転機が永久磁石型回転機若しくは巻線型同期機、第２の回転機が巻線型２次励磁回転機の場合の回転数と誘起電圧の関係を示す特性図である。 FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an example in which an on-load tap switching transformer is used as an AC section voltage lowering unit according to a first embodiment of a power conversion system of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram for explaining how to control a voltage of a smoothing capacitor incorporated in a control device in the power conversion system of FIG. 1 to a predetermined voltage.
FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the power conversion system of the present invention, and is a schematic configuration diagram of an example in which a load-time tap switching transformer and a permanent magnet type rotating machine or a wound type synchronous machine are used as AC unit voltage lowering means . .
[Fig. 4] Fig. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment 2 of the power conversion system of the present invention, in which an on-load tap switching transformer and a wound secondary excitation rotating machine are used as AC unit voltage lowering means .
FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the rotational speed and the induced voltage in the case of the permanent magnet type rotary machine or the winding type synchronous machine shown in FIG.
6 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the rotational speed and the induced voltage in the case of the wound secondary excitation rotating machine shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of an example in which a first rotating machine and a second rotating machine are used as AC unit voltage lowering means according to a third embodiment of the power conversion system of the present invention.
8 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the rotational speed and the induced voltage when the first and second rotating machines shown in FIG. 7 are wound-type secondary excitation rotating machines.
FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the rotational speed and the induced voltage when the first rotating machine shown in FIG. 7 is a permanent magnet type rotating machine or a winding type synchronous machine, and the second rotating machine is a wound type secondary excitation rotating machine. FIG.

以下、図示した実施例に基づいて本発明の電力変換システム及びその制御方法を説明する。なお、各図において、共通する部分には同一の符号を付し、重複した説明を省略する。   Hereinafter, based on the illustrated embodiment, a power conversion system and a control method thereof according to the present invention will be described. In each figure, common portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

図１に、本発明の電力変換システムの実施例１を示す。該図に示す如く、電力変換器１は、自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子２と、それに逆並列接続された整流素子であるダイオード素子３で構成される半導体スイッチングモジュール４と、この半導体スイッチングモジュール４の故障を検出する故障検出器６と、半導体スイッチングモジュール４に並列接続され、故障検出器６で故障を検出した半導体スイッチングモジュール４を電気的に短絡する短絡装置５とから成る回路を複数直列に接続することで相回路が構成されている。なお、短絡装置５は、短絡装置単独で動作しても良いし、故障検出器６の検出値によって動作するようにしても良い。   FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the power conversion system of the present invention. As shown in the figure, a power converter 1 includes a semiconductor switching module 4 including a self-extinguishing semiconductor switching element 2 and a diode element 3 which is a rectifying element connected in reverse parallel thereto, and the semiconductor switching module 4 A plurality of circuits composed of a failure detector 6 for detecting a failure of the device and a short-circuit device 5 that is connected in parallel to the semiconductor switching module 4 and electrically short-circuits the semiconductor switching module 4 that has detected the failure by the failure detector 6 in series. A phase circuit is configured by connection. The short-circuit device 5 may be operated by the short-circuit device alone, or may be operated by the detection value of the failure detector 6.

また、電力変換器１の直流部は、平滑コンデンサ７が実装され、コンデンサ電圧検出器８によって平滑コンデンサ７の極間電圧が監視され、この平滑コンデンサ７とコンデンサ電圧検出器８で直流部電圧検出手段が形成されている。   In addition, a smoothing capacitor 7 is mounted on the DC portion of the power converter 1, and the voltage across the smoothing capacitor 7 is monitored by the capacitor voltage detector 8. The DC voltage detection is performed by the smoothing capacitor 7 and the capacitor voltage detector 8. Means are formed.

一方、電力変換器１の交流部は、外部信号によって負荷電流が通電したままタップ切換えができる負荷時タップ切換器付変圧器（交流部電圧低下手段）１２と接続され、電力変換器１と負荷時タップ切換器付変圧器１２とを接続する電路に流れる電流が電流検出器９によって監視され、電力変換器１と電力系統２６の連系点１３での電圧が電圧検出器１０によって監視されている。   On the other hand, the AC section of the power converter 1 is connected to a transformer 12 with a load-on tap changer (AC voltage drop means) 12 that can perform tap switching while a load current is applied by an external signal. The current flowing through the electric circuit connecting the transformer 12 with the time tap changer is monitored by the current detector 9, and the voltage at the connection point 13 between the power converter 1 and the power system 26 is monitored by the voltage detector 10. Yes.

また、故障検知器６が半導体スイッチングモジュール４の故障を検知したら電力変換器１の直流部電圧の電圧指令値を低下させることで直流電圧を健全時よりも低下させ、かつ、負荷時タップ切換器付変圧器１２に動作信号を出力する制御装置１１を備えている。   Further, when the failure detector 6 detects a failure of the semiconductor switching module 4, the voltage command value of the DC section voltage of the power converter 1 is decreased to reduce the DC voltage from the normal state, and the on-load tap changer A control device 11 for outputting an operation signal to the attached transformer 12 is provided.

電力変換器１を制御する制御装置１１には、平滑コンデンサ７の電圧を所定の電圧に制御する制御手段が組み込まれており、上記した各検出値、即ち、コンデンサ電圧検出器８によるコンデンサ電圧検出値Ｓ１、電流検出器９による電流検出値Ｓ２、電圧検出器１０による電圧検出値Ｓ３を用いてフィードバック制御を実施する。この場合の制御の仕方を図２に示す。   The control device 11 that controls the power converter 1 incorporates control means for controlling the voltage of the smoothing capacitor 7 to a predetermined voltage, and detects each of the detection values described above, that is, the capacitor voltage by the capacitor voltage detector 8. Feedback control is performed using the value S1, the current detection value S2 by the current detector 9, and the voltage detection value S3 by the voltage detector 10. The control method in this case is shown in FIG.

図２に示す如く、制御装置１１では、コンデサ電圧検出器８によって検出されたコンデンサ電圧検出値Ｓ１と電流検出値Ｓ２及び電圧検出値Ｓ３と半導体スイッチングモジュール４の状態信号Ｓ４を入力として、コンデンサ電圧指令値演算器１７で演算されて、所定のコンデンサ電圧指令値Ｓ１＊に制御するための半導体スイッチング素子駆動信号Ｓ５を出力する。As shown in FIG. 2, in the control device 11, the capacitor voltage detection value S1, the current detection value S2, the voltage detection value S3 and the state signal S4 of the semiconductor switching module 4 detected by the capacitor voltage detector 8 are input. A semiconductor switching element drive signal S5 for controlling to a predetermined capacitor voltage command value S1 * is output by being calculated by the command value calculator 17.

前述の半導体スイッチング素子駆動信号Ｓ５を算出するために、電圧検出値Ｓ３から電力系統２６の電圧振幅及び位相が振幅位相演算器２７で検出され、この振幅位相演算器２７で検出された位相を基準にｄｑ成分演算器２８により、電流検出値Ｓ２が同位相成分（有効電流成分）と９０°進相成分（無効電流成分）とに分解され、直流電圧制御器１４によってコンデンサ電圧指令値Ｓ１＊とコンデンサ電圧検出値Ｓ１との差分を入力として、有効電流指令値Ｓ２＊ dが演算される。直流電圧制御器１４で算出された電流指令値Ｓ２＊と電流検出値Ｓ２を入力として、交流電流制御器１５によって電圧指令値Ｓ３＊が演算され、交流電流制御器１５で演算された電圧指令値Ｓ３＊からパルス演算器１６によって半導体スイッチング素子駆動信号Ｓ５が演算される。In order to calculate the semiconductor switching element drive signal S5 described above, the voltage amplitude and phase of the power system 26 are detected from the voltage detection value S3 by the amplitude phase calculator 27, and the phase detected by the amplitude phase calculator 27 is used as a reference. Then, the dq component calculator 28 decomposes the detected current value S2 into an in-phase component (active current component) and a 90 ° advanced phase component (reactive current component), and the DC voltage controller 14 determines the capacitor voltage command value S1 * and The active current command value S2 * d is calculated using the difference from the detected capacitor voltage value S1 as an input. The voltage command value S3 * is calculated by the AC current controller 15 with the current command value S2 * and the current detection value S2 calculated by the DC voltage controller 14 as inputs, and the voltage command value calculated by the AC current controller 15 The semiconductor switching element drive signal S5 is calculated by the pulse calculator 16 from S3 * .

なお、図１では、２レベル電力変換器構成を図示しているが、これに限らず、任意の電力変換器の構成及びそれを構成する半導体スイッチングモジュール４の状態に応じて、パルス演算器１６は、適したパルスを演算するものとする。   In FIG. 1, the configuration of the two-level power converter is illustrated. However, the configuration is not limited to this, and the pulse calculator 16 is selected according to the configuration of an arbitrary power converter and the state of the semiconductor switching module 4 that configures the power converter. Shall calculate a suitable pulse.

また、図２を用いてコンデンサ電圧の制御の仕方を説明したが、各検出値のいくつかは他の検出値を用いて演算された推定値でも良いし、フィードバック制御に限らなくても良い。更に、図２において無効電流指令値Ｓ２＊ ｑは零としたが、力率条件等の指定やその他無効電流による制御対象がある場合は、零以外の任意の値として良く、本発明の効果には関係しない。Although the method of controlling the capacitor voltage has been described with reference to FIG. 2, some of the detected values may be estimated values calculated using other detected values, or may not be limited to feedback control. Furthermore, in FIG. 2, the reactive current command value S2 * q is set to zero. However, if there is a power factor condition specification or other controlled object by reactive current, it may be an arbitrary value other than zero, which is effective for the present invention. Does not matter.

また、コンデンサ電圧指令値Ｓ１＊は、故障検出器６が出力する半導体スイッチングモジュール４の状態信号Ｓ４から相を構成する半導体スイッチングモジュール４の故障の有無を検知し、半導体スイッチングモジュール４の全数に対する故障モジュール数に応じて、コンデンサ電圧指令値Ｓ１＊を演算し、かつ、接続された機器の発生電圧を低下させる機構に対する外部信号Ｓ６を出力する。例えば、コンデンサ電圧指令値Ｓ１＊の初期値をＳ１＊ ｉｎｉ、相当たりのスイッチングモジュールの全数をＮａｌｌ、各相の故障したモジュール数の最大値をＮ、半導体スイッチングモジュール４を構成する半導体素子（自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子２、ダイオード素子３）のうち耐圧の小さい方の値をｖ[Ｖ]、耐圧に対するマージンをαとすると、コンデンサ電圧指令値Ｓ１＊は、Ｓ１＊＝ＭＩＮ（Ｓ１＊ ｉｎｉ（Ｎａｌｌ−Ｎ）／Ｎａｌｌ，α（Ｎａｌｌ−Ｎ）ｖ）とすれば良い。ただし、αは１以下の数であり、ＭＩＮは引数のうち小さい方の値を選択する関数である。Further, the capacitor voltage command value S1 * is detected from the state signal S4 of the semiconductor switching module 4 output from the failure detector 6 to determine whether or not the semiconductor switching module 4 constituting the phase has failed, and the failure to the total number of the semiconductor switching modules 4 occurs. According to the number of modules, the capacitor voltage command value S1 * is calculated, and an external signal S6 for the mechanism for reducing the voltage generated by the connected device is output. For example, the initial value of the capacitor voltage command value S1 * is S1 * ini , the total number of switching modules per phase is N all , the maximum number of failed modules in each phase is N, and the semiconductor elements constituting the semiconductor switching module 4 ( The capacitor voltage command value S1 * is S1 * = MIN (S1 * ), where v [V] is the smaller value of the withstand voltage of the self-extinguishing semiconductor switching element 2 and the diode element 3) and the margin for the withstand voltage is α . ini (N all −N) / N all , α (N all −N) v). Here, α is a number of 1 or less, and MIN is a function that selects the smaller value of the arguments.

また、負荷タップ切換器付変圧器１２は、外部信号Ｓ６の受信により、交流線間電圧のピーク値が（Ｎａｌｌ−Ｎ）ｖ／√２を超えないタップへ切換る。Moreover, the transformer 12 with a load tap switching device switches to a tap in which the peak value of the AC line voltage does not exceed (N all −N) v / √2 upon receipt of the external signal S6.

このように本実施例によれば、電力変換器１を構成する半導体スイッチングモジュール４が故障した場合において、健全な半導体スイッチングモジュール４に印加される電圧を耐圧以下とすることができ、連鎖的に故障することを防ぎ、かつ、運転継続を実現する電力変換器システムを得ることができる。   As described above, according to the present embodiment, when the semiconductor switching module 4 constituting the power converter 1 fails, the voltage applied to the healthy semiconductor switching module 4 can be reduced to a withstand voltage or lower, and chained. It is possible to obtain a power converter system that prevents failure and realizes continuous operation.

図３及び図４に、本発明の電力変換システムの実施例２を示す。図３は、回転機の固定子巻線２０が電力変換器１と接続している回転機が永久磁石型若しくは巻線型の同期機１８の場合であり、巻線型の同期機１８の場合の励磁装置は省略して図示している。図４は、回転機の回転子巻線２１が電力変換器１と接続している回転機が巻線型２次励磁回転機１９の場合である。   3 and 4 show a second embodiment of the power conversion system of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows a case where the rotating machine with the stator winding 20 of the rotating machine connected to the power converter 1 is a permanent magnet type or a wound type synchronous machine 18, and excitation in the case of the wound type synchronous machine 18. The apparatus is not shown. FIG. 4 shows a case where the rotating machine in which the rotor winding 21 of the rotating machine is connected to the power converter 1 is a wound secondary excitation rotating machine 19.

上述した図１に示す実施例１では、電力変換器１の交流端が負荷時タップ切換器付変圧器１２に接続しているのに対して、本実施例では、電力変換器１の交流端の一方が永久磁石型若しくは巻線型の同期機１８或いは巻線型２次励磁回転機１９に接続している点が異なり、以下、永久磁石型若しくは巻線型の同期機１８と巻線型２次励磁回転機１９に係る部分について説明する。   In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above, the AC terminal of the power converter 1 is connected to the transformer 12 with a load tap changer, whereas in this embodiment, the AC terminal of the power converter 1 is connected. Is connected to a permanent magnet type or a winding type synchronous machine 18 or a winding type secondary excitation rotating machine 19, and hereinafter, a permanent magnet type or a winding type synchronous machine 18 and a winding type secondary excitation rotation. The part which concerns on the machine 19 is demonstrated.

通常、回転数に対する誘起電圧特性は、回転機の種類によって異なる。即ち、図３に示す永久磁石型若しくは巻線型の同期機１８の場合、回転数によって回転機の固定子巻線２０に鎖交する磁束の時間変化率が決まるため、図５に示すように、回転数と誘起電圧が略線形の関係となる。   Usually, the induced voltage characteristic with respect to the number of rotations differs depending on the type of the rotating machine. That is, in the case of the permanent magnet type or winding type synchronous machine 18 shown in FIG. 3, since the time change rate of the magnetic flux interlinked with the stator winding 20 of the rotating machine is determined by the rotational speed, as shown in FIG. The rotational speed and the induced voltage have a substantially linear relationship.

一方、図４に示す巻線型２次励磁回転機１９の場合、回転機の固定子巻線２０が電力系統２６の商用周波数電源によって励磁されるため、回転機の極数をｐ、商用周波数をｆ[Ｈｚ]とすると、（１）式で求まる同期回転数と回転数との差（一般にすべりと呼ばれる）によって誘起電圧の大きさが決まり、図６に示す関係がある。   On the other hand, in the case of the winding type secondary excitation rotating machine 19 shown in FIG. 4, since the stator winding 20 of the rotating machine is excited by the commercial frequency power source of the power system 26, the number of poles of the rotating machine is p and the commercial frequency is set. If f [Hz], the magnitude of the induced voltage is determined by the difference (generally referred to as slip) between the synchronous rotation speed and the rotation speed obtained by the equation (1), and there is a relationship shown in FIG.

同期回転数[ｒｐｍ]＝１２０ｆ／ｐ （１）
従って、回転数制御機構２２は、電力変換器１の制御装置１１から出力される外部信号Ｓ６及び回転数検出器２５で検出された永久磁石型若しくは巻線型の同期機１８又は巻線型２次励磁回転機１９の回転数を受信し、図５及び図６に示される誘起電圧特性に基づいて回転数範囲を制限する。永久磁石型若しくは巻線型の同期機１８の場合、所定の電圧以下に誘起電圧を下げるため、その回転数は低速域に制限される。一方、巻線型２次励磁回転機１９の場合、所定の電圧以下に誘起電圧を下げるため、その回転数は同期回転数近傍の領域に制限される。Synchronous rotational speed [rpm] = 120 f / p (1)
Therefore, the rotation speed control mechanism 22 is a permanent magnet type or winding type synchronous machine 18 detected by the external signal S6 output from the control device 11 of the power converter 1 and the rotation speed detector 25, or winding type secondary excitation. The rotational speed of the rotating machine 19 is received, and the rotational speed range is limited based on the induced voltage characteristics shown in FIGS. In the case of the permanent magnet type or the winding type synchronous machine 18, in order to lower the induced voltage below a predetermined voltage, the rotation speed is limited to a low speed region. On the other hand, in the case of the winding type secondary excitation rotating machine 19, in order to reduce the induced voltage below a predetermined voltage, the rotational speed is limited to a region near the synchronous rotational speed.

なお、上述した回転数制御機構２２は、例えば、風力発電システムであれば風車制御器であり、風速に対する風車回転数を制御するブレードのピッチ角を制御することで、回転機の回転数を制御する。また、水力発電システムであれば水車制御器であり、水の流入に対する水車回転数を制御するガイドベーンやランナーベーン等を制御することで、回転機の回転数を制御する。   The above-described rotation speed control mechanism 22 is, for example, a windmill controller in the case of a wind power generation system, and controls the rotation speed of the rotating machine by controlling the pitch angle of the blade that controls the windmill rotation speed with respect to the wind speed. To do. Moreover, if it is a hydroelectric power generation system, it is a turbine controller, and the rotation speed of a rotating machine is controlled by controlling the guide vane, the runner vane, etc. which control the rotation speed of the turbine with respect to the inflow of water.

このような本実施例の構成とすることでも、実施例１と同様な効果を得ることができる。   By adopting such a configuration of the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

図７に、本発明の電力変換システムの実施例３を示す。本実施例は、実施例２の負荷時タップ切換器付変圧器１２に代えて第２の回転機２４を設け、永久磁石型若しくは巻線型の同期機１８又は巻線型２次励磁回転機１９を第１の回転機２３とした構成である。図７に示す実施例３では、第１の回転機２３及び第２の回転機２４が共に巻線型回転機であり、第１の回転機２３と第の回転機２４が同軸で回転する場合を図示している。   FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the power conversion system of the present invention. In this embodiment, a second rotating machine 24 is provided in place of the on-load tap changer transformer 12 of the embodiment 2, and a permanent magnet type or winding type synchronous machine 18 or a winding type secondary excitation rotating machine 19 is provided. The first rotating machine 23 is configured. In Example 3 shown in FIG. 7, the first rotating machine 23 and the second rotating machine 24 are both winding-type rotating machines, and the first rotating machine 23 and the first rotating machine 24 rotate coaxially. It is shown.

なお、回転軸が異なる場合には第１の回転機２３及び第２の回転機２４それぞれに対して、回転数制御機構２２及び回転数検出器２５を備えても良い。また、同期機の場合には、図３に示す回転界磁型であっても、固定界磁型であっても良い。   In addition, when a rotating shaft differs, you may provide the rotation speed control mechanism 22 and the rotation speed detector 25 with respect to the 1st rotation machine 23 and the 2nd rotation machine 24, respectively. In the case of a synchronous machine, the rotating field type shown in FIG. 3 or the fixed field type may be used.

本実施例の第１の回転機２３及び第２の回転機２４が巻線型回転機の場合に、電力変換器１に印加される誘起電圧と回転数の関係を図８に示す。   FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the induced voltage applied to the power converter 1 and the rotational speed when the first rotating machine 23 and the second rotating machine 24 of the present embodiment are wound-type rotating machines.

実施例２で述べた巻線型励磁機の場合と詳細は同一であり、図８中に示すように、所定の電圧以下に制限する場合、第１の回転機２３と第２の回転機２４のそれぞれの誘起電圧が同時に所定の電圧以下となる回転数領域に制限する必要がある。第１の回転機２３と第２の回転機２４がそれぞれ永久磁石型回転機と巻線型回転機であった場合は、図９中に示す回転数領域に制限すれば良い。   The details are the same as those of the winding exciter described in the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, when the voltage is limited to a predetermined voltage or lower, the first rotating machine 23 and the second rotating machine 24 It is necessary to limit to a rotation speed region in which each induced voltage is simultaneously equal to or lower than a predetermined voltage. In the case where the first rotating machine 23 and the second rotating machine 24 are a permanent magnet type rotating machine and a winding type rotating machine, respectively, it may be limited to the rotation speed region shown in FIG.

このような本実施例の構成とすることでも、実施例１と同様な効果を得ることができる。   By adopting such a configuration of the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

特に図示しないが、例えば、太陽光発電システム等の直流電圧を制御するシステムに対して、実施例１における平滑コンデンサ７の電圧制御に代えて、直流電圧を制御するシステムにおける電圧制御によって所定の電圧以下に制御すれば良く、電力の形態が直流であるか交流であるかに係らず、電力変換器１に印加される電圧を電力変換器１の故障状態に応じて所定の電圧以下に制御することで、半導体スイッチングモジュール４の故障時に、連鎖的に半導体スイッチングモジュール４が故障することなく、運転継続させる場合にも本発明が適用できる。   Although not particularly illustrated, for example, for a system that controls a DC voltage such as a photovoltaic power generation system, a predetermined voltage is obtained by voltage control in a system that controls DC voltage instead of voltage control of the smoothing capacitor 7 in the first embodiment. Regardless of whether the form of power is direct current or alternating current, the voltage applied to the power converter 1 is controlled to a predetermined voltage or less according to the failure state of the power converter 1. Thus, when the semiconductor switching module 4 fails, the present invention can also be applied to the case where the operation is continued without causing the semiconductor switching modules 4 to fail in a chain.

なお、本発明は上記した実施例に限定されるものではなく、様々な変形例が含まれる。例えば、上記した実施例は本発明を分かり易く説明するために詳細に説明したものであり、必ずしも説明した全ての構成を備えるものに限定されるものではない。また、ある実施例の構成の一部を他の実施例の構成に置き換えることが可能であり、また、ある実施例の構成に他の実施例の構成を加えることも可能である。また、各実施例の構成の一部について、他の構成の追加・削除・置換をすることが可能である。   In addition, this invention is not limited to an above-described Example, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.

１…電力変換器、２…自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子、３…ダイオード素子、４…半導体スイッチングモジュール、５…短絡装置、６…故障検出器、７…平滑コンデンサ、８…コンデンサ電圧検出器、９…電流検出器、１０…電圧検出器、１１…制御装置、１２…負荷時タップ切換器付変圧器、１３…連系点、１４…直流電圧制御器、１５…交流電流制御器、１６…パルス演算器、１７…コンデンサ電圧指令値演算器、１８…巻線型の同期機、１９…巻線型２次励磁回転機、２０…回転機の固定子巻線、２１…回転機の回転子巻線、２２…回転数制御機構、２３…第１の回転機、２４…第２の回転機、２５…回転数検出器、２６…電力系統、２７…振幅位相演算器、２８…ｄｑ成分演算器、Ｓ１…コンデンサ電圧検出値、Ｓ１＊…コンデンサ電圧指令値、Ｓ２…電流検出値、Ｓ２＊…電流指令値、Ｓ３…電圧検出値、Ｓ３＊…電圧指令値、Ｓ４…半導体スイッチングモジュールの状態信号、Ｓ５…半導体スイッチング素子駆動信号、Ｓ６…外部信号。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power converter, 2 ... Self-extinguishing type semiconductor switching element, 3 ... Diode element, 4 ... Semiconductor switching module, 5 ... Short circuit device, 6 ... Fault detector, 7 ... Smoothing capacitor, 8 ... Capacitor voltage detector, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 ... Current detector, 10 ... Voltage detector, 11 ... Control device, 12 ... Transformer with load tap changer, 13 ... Connection point, 14 ... DC voltage controller, 15 ... AC current controller, 16 ... Pulse calculator, 17 ... Capacitor voltage command value calculator, 18 ... Winding type synchronous machine, 19 ... Winding type secondary excitation rotating machine, 20 ... Stator winding of rotating machine, 21 ... Rotor winding of rotating machine , 22 ... rotational speed control mechanism, 23 ... first rotating machine, 24 ... second rotating machine, 25 ... rotational speed detector, 26 ... power system, 27 ... amplitude phase calculator, 28 ... dq component calculator, S1: Capacitor voltage detection value, S1 * ... S2 ... current detection value, S2 * ... current command value, S3 ... voltage detection value, S3 * ... voltage command value, S4 ... status signal of semiconductor switching module, S5 ... semiconductor switching element drive signal, S6 ... External signal.

Claims (13)

自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子及び該自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子に逆並列接続される整流素子によって構成されるスイッチングモジユールと、該スイッチングモジュールの故障を検出する故障検出器と、該故障検出器で故障を検知した前記スイッチングモジユールを電気的に短絡させる短絡装置とから成る回路を複数直列に接続することで構成される電力変換器を有し、
前記電力変換器の直流部電圧を検出する直流部電圧検出手段と、前記電力変換器の交流部電圧を低下させる交流部電圧低下手段と、前記故障検出器が前記スイッチングモジユールの故障を検知したら前記電力変換器の直流部電圧の電圧指令値を低下させることで直流電圧を健全時よりも低下させ、かつ、前記交流部電圧低下手段に動作信号を出力する制御装置とを備えていることを特徴とする電力変換システム。 A switching modular Yule constituted by the rectifying elements connected in antiparallel self arc-suppressing semiconductor switching element and the self-extinguishing type semiconductors switching element, a fault detector for detecting a failure of the switching module, the fault have constructed power converter by connecting an electrically consisting et Toka shorting device to short circuit the switching modular Yule that has detected a fault in the detector into a plurality series,
Detecting a DC section voltage detection means, an AC unit voltage lowering means to lower the AC portion voltage of the power converter, wherein the fault detector is a failure of the switching modular Yule for detecting a DC section voltage of the power converter Then, the controller includes a controller that lowers the direct current voltage by reducing the voltage command value of the direct current voltage of the power converter, and outputs an operation signal to the alternating current voltage lowering means. Power conversion system characterized by 請求項１に記載の電力変換システムにおいて、
前記直流部電圧検出手段は、平滑コンデンサと、該平滑コンデンサの極間電圧を検出するコンデンサ電圧検出器とから成ることを特徴とする電力変換システム。The power conversion system according to claim 1,
The DC part voltage detection means comprises a smoothing capacitor and a capacitor voltage detector for detecting a voltage between the electrodes of the smoothing capacitor. 請求項１又は２に記載の電力変換システムにおいて、
前記交流部電圧低下手段は、外部信号によって負荷電流が通電したままタップ切換ができる負荷時タップ切換変圧器であることを特徴とする記載の電力変換システム。The power conversion system according to claim 1 or 2,
The power conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the AC voltage drop means is a on-load tap switching transformer capable of performing tap switching while a load current is applied by an external signal. 請求項１又は２に記載の電力変換システムにおいて、
前記交流部電圧低下手段は、前記電力変換システムの一方の交流端子に外部信号によって負荷電流が通電したままタップ切換ができる負荷時タップ切換変圧器が接続され、他方の交流端子に永久磁石型回転機が接続されて構成され、かつ、前記制御装置からの外部信号に基づいて前記永久磁石型回転機の回転数を制御する回転数制御機構を備えていることを特徴とする電力変換システム。The power conversion system according to claim 1 or 2,
The AC section voltage lowering means is connected to one AC terminal of the power conversion system with a load-time tap switching transformer capable of performing tap switching while a load current is energized by an external signal, and to the other AC terminal is a permanent magnet type rotation A power conversion system comprising: a rotation speed control mechanism configured to connect a machine and controlling the rotation speed of the permanent magnet type rotating machine based on an external signal from the control device. 請求項１又は２に記載の電力変換システムにおいて、
前記交流部電圧低下手段は、前記電力変換システムの一方の交流端子に外部信号によって負荷電流が通電したままタップ切換ができる負荷時タップ切換変圧器が接続され、他方の交流端子に巻線型同期機が接続されて構成され、かつ、前記制御装置からの外部信号に基づいて前記巻線型同期機の回転数を制御する回転数制御機構を備えていることを特徴とする電力変換システム。The power conversion system according to claim 1 or 2,
The AC section voltage lowering means is connected to one AC terminal of the power conversion system with a load-time tap switching transformer capable of performing tap switching while a load current is energized by an external signal, and the other AC terminal is a wound-type synchronous machine And a rotation speed control mechanism that controls the rotation speed of the winding synchronous machine based on an external signal from the control device. 請求項１又は２に記載の電力変換システムにおいて、
前記交流部電圧低下手段は、前記電力変換システムの一方の交流端子に外部信号によって負荷電流が通電したままタップ切換ができる負荷時タップ切換変圧器が接続され、他方の交流端子に巻線型２次励磁回転機が接続されて構成され、かつ、前記制御装置からの外部信号に基づいて前記巻線型２次励磁回転機の回転数を制御する回転数制御機構を備えていることを特徴とする電力変換システム。 The power conversion system according to claim 1 or 2,
The AC voltage drop means is connected to one AC terminal of the power conversion system with a load-time tap switching transformer capable of performing tap switching while a load current is applied by an external signal, and the other AC terminal is wound-type secondary An electric power characterized by comprising an excitation rotating machine connected and having a rotation speed control mechanism for controlling the rotation speed of the wound secondary excitation rotating machine based on an external signal from the control device Conversion system. 請求項１又は２に記載の電力変換システムにおいて、
前記交流部電圧低下手段は、前記電力変換システムの一方の交流端子に接続された第１の回転機と、前記電力変換システムの他方の交流端子に接続された第２の回転機とから構成され、かつ、前記制御装置からの外部信号に基づいて前記第１の回転機及び前記第２の回転機の回転数を制御する回転数制御機構を備えていることを特徴とする電力変換システム。The power conversion system according to claim 1 or 2,
The AC unit voltage lowering means includes a first rotating machine connected to one AC terminal of the power conversion system, and a second rotating machine connected to the other AC terminal of the power conversion system. A power conversion system comprising: a rotation speed control mechanism that controls rotation speeds of the first rotating machine and the second rotating machine based on an external signal from the control device. 請求項７に記載の電力変換システムにおいて、
前記第１の回転機と第２の回転機は、巻線型回転機であることを特徴とする電力変換システム。The power conversion system according to claim 7, wherein
The first rotating machine and the second rotating machine are wound-type rotating machines. 請求項７に記載の電力変換システムにおいて、
前記第１の回転機は永久磁石型回転機であり、前記第２の回転機は巻線型回転機であることを特徴とする電力変換システム。The power conversion system according to claim 7, wherein
The power converter system according to claim 1, wherein the first rotating machine is a permanent magnet type rotating machine, and the second rotating machine is a winding type rotating machine. 請求項３乃至６若しくは請求項７乃至９のいずれか１項に記載の電力変換システムにおいて、
前記電力変換器と前記負荷時タップ切換変圧器若しくは前記電力変換器と回転機とを接続する電路に流れる電流を検出する電流検出器と、前記電力変換器と電力系統との連系点の電圧を検出する電圧検出器とを備えていることを特徴とする電力変換システム。 The power conversion system according to any one of claims 3 to 6 or claims 7 to 9 ,
A current detector for detecting a current flowing in an electric circuit connecting the power converter and the on-load tap switching transformer or the power converter and a rotating machine; and a voltage at a connection point between the power converter and a power system And a voltage detector for detecting the power. 自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子及び該自己消弧型半導体スイッチング素子に逆並列接続される整流素子によって構成されるスイッチングモジユールと、該スイッチングモジュールの故障を検出する故障検出器と、該故障検出器で故障を検知した前記スイッチングモジュールを電気的に短絡させる短絡装置とから成る回路を複数直列に接続することで構成される電力変換器の直流部電圧を直流部電圧検出手段で検出すると共に、前記故障検出器が前記スイッチングモジユールの故障を検知した際に、制御装置で前記電力変換器の直流部電圧の電圧指令値を低下させることで直流電圧を健全時よりも低下させ、かつ、交流部電圧低下手段に動作信号を出力することを特徴とする電力変換システムの制御方法。 A switching modular Yule constituted by the rectifying elements connected in antiparallel self arc-suppressing semiconductor switching element and the self-extinguishing type semiconductors switching element, a fault detector for detecting a failure of the switching module, the fault The DC voltage of the power converter constituted by connecting in series a plurality of circuits comprising a short-circuit device for electrically short-circuiting the switching module that has detected a failure with the detector is detected by the DC voltage detection means. , when said fault detector detects a fault in the switching modular Yule, it is lower than during normal state DC voltage at the control device to reduce the voltage command value of the DC portion voltage of the power converter, and the control method of the power conversion system and outputs an operation signal to the ac unit voltage drop means. 請求項１１に記載の電力変換システムの制御方法において、
前記直流部電圧検出手段は、平滑コンデンサと、該平滑コンデンサの極間電圧を検出するコンデンサ電圧検出器とから成ると共に、前記交流部電圧低下手段は、外部信号によって負荷電流が通電したままタップ切換ができる負荷時タップ切換変圧器若しくは回転機から成り、かつ、前記電力変換器と前記負荷時タップ切換変圧器若しくは回転機とを接続する電路に流れる電流を検出する電流検出器と、前記電力変換器が前記負荷時タップ切換変圧器若しくは回転機を介して電力系統と連系する連系点の電圧を検出する電圧検出器とを備え、
前記制御装置は、前記コンデンサ電圧検出器で検出されたコンデンサ電圧検出値と、前記電流検出器で検出された電流検出値と、前記電圧検出器で検出された電圧検出値と、前記スイッチングモジュールの状態信号とを入力として、所定のコンデンサ電圧指令値に制御するための前記スイッチングモジユールの駆動信号を出力することを特徴とする電力変換システムの制御方法。 In the control method of the power conversion system according to claim 11,
The DC section voltage detecting means comprises a smoothing capacitor and a capacitor voltage detector for detecting a voltage across the smoothing capacitor, and the AC section voltage reducing means performs tap switching while a load current is energized by an external signal. A current detector for detecting a current flowing in an electric circuit connecting the power converter and the load tap switching transformer or the rotating machine, and the power conversion. vessel comprises a voltage detector for detecting a voltage of the connecting point of interconnection and power system via the load tap changer transformer or rotating machine,
The control device includes a capacitor voltage detection value detected by the capacitor voltage detector, a current detection value detected by said current detector, a voltage detection value detected by the voltage detector, the switching module A control method for a power conversion system, wherein a drive signal of the switching module for controlling to a predetermined capacitor voltage command value is output with a status signal as an input. 請求項１２に記載の電力変換システムの制御方法において、
前記スイッチングモジュールの駆動信号を出力するために、前記電圧検出値から電力系統の電圧振幅及び位相が振幅位相演算器で検出され、該振幅位相演算器で検出された位相を基準にｄｑ成分演算器により、前記電流検出値が同位相成分と９０°進相成分とに分解されると共に、直流電圧制御器によってコンデンサ電圧指令値と前記コンデンサ電圧検出値との差分を入力として有効電流指令値が演算され、この算出された電流指令値と電流検出値を入力として交流電流制御器によって電圧指令値が演算され、前記交流電流制御器で演算された電圧指令値からパルス演算器によって前記スイッチングモジュールの駆動信号が演算されることを特徴とする電力変換システムの制御方法。The method of controlling a power conversion system according to claim 12,
In order to output the drive signal of the switching module, the voltage amplitude and phase of the power system are detected from the detected voltage value by an amplitude phase calculator, and a dq component calculator based on the phase detected by the amplitude phase calculator The current detection value is decomposed into an in-phase component and a 90 ° phase advance component, and an effective current command value is calculated by inputting a difference between the capacitor voltage command value and the capacitor voltage detection value by a DC voltage controller. The voltage command value is calculated by the AC current controller using the calculated current command value and the detected current value as inputs, and the switching module is driven by the pulse calculator from the voltage command value calculated by the AC current controller. A control method of a power conversion system, wherein a signal is calculated.
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