JP5254711B2 - Organic electroluminescence device and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescence element, a method for producing the organic electroluminescence element, an illumination device using the organic electroluminescence element, a planar light source, and a display device.

  The organic electroluminescence element includes a pair of electrodes and an organic light emitting layer. When a voltage is applied to the organic electroluminescence element, holes and electrons are injected from each electrode, and light is emitted by recombination of the injected holes and electrons in the organic light emitting layer. Organic electroluminescent elements can be driven at a lower voltage than inorganic electroluminescent elements and can emit light with high brightness. Therefore, it is considered to use organic electroluminescent elements for display devices and lighting devices. ing.

  In the organic electroluminescence element, since light from the light emitting layer is extracted from at least one side of the pair of electrodes, the electrode on the side from which the light is extracted needs to be transparent. For example, an organic electroluminescent element is formed on a transparent plate with a transparent conductive film on which a transparent conductive film is formed. By using this transparent conductive film as a transparent electrode, light from the light emitting layer is removed from the organic electroluminescent element. It is taken out efficiently.

As the transparent electrode, for example, a thin film formed of a metal oxide such as indium tin oxide (ITO), a network conductor made of a conductive material having an irregular network structure, or the like is used. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
Such a transparent electrode has a higher electrical resistance than an opaque electrode made of a metal film or the like. In an apparatus using an organic electroluminescence element, a transparent electrode having a large area is required as the light emission area increases. When a transparent electrode having a large area is used, since the resistance of the transparent electrode is high, the voltage drop becomes large, and there is a problem that unevenness in light emission luminance due to the voltage drop becomes so large that it cannot be ignored.

  In order to solve the problems caused by the voltage drop of the transparent electrode described above, a planar light emitting device including an organic electroluminescence element in which an auxiliary electrode having an electric resistance lower than that of the transparent electrode is electrically connected to the transparent electrode is disclosed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2). In this planar light emitting device, the auxiliary electrode is thickened at a portion near a connection terminal connected to a power source, and the auxiliary electrode is thinned at a portion far from the connecting terminal. In the area close to the connection terminal, the current value is high and the emission intensity is strong because of the thick auxiliary electrode, while the aperture ratio is small, and in the area far from the connection terminal, the current value is small due to the thin auxiliary electrode and light is emitted. While the strength is weak, the aperture ratio increases, and thus a planar light emitting device that suppresses unevenness in the overall light emission luminance is realized.

  However, even when an organic electroluminescence element as described in Patent Document 2 is used, the current value becomes small at a portion far from the connection terminal, and thus unevenness in emission luminance cannot be sufficiently suppressed. . Moreover, since unevenness in light emission luminance is suppressed by adjusting the aperture ratio, there is a problem that the light use efficiency is lowered.

  Furthermore, the light from the light emitting layer may be partially reflected at the interface between the transparent electrode and the transparent substrate, resulting in a problem that the light extraction efficiency is not sufficient and the light utilization efficiency is low.

JP 2004-228057 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-14128

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and the problem is that it has high light utilization efficiency, and even when the light emission area is large, unevenness in light emission luminance is sufficiently suppressed, and light emission efficiency is improved. An object of the present invention is to provide a high organic electroluminescence element, a manufacturing method thereof, and an illumination device, a planar light source, and a display device using the organic electroluminescence element.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides an organic electroluminescence element adopting the following configuration, a manufacturing method thereof, an illumination device, a planar light source, and a display device using the organic electroluminescence element.

[1] a transparent substrate;
A transparent first electrode provided in contact with the substrate;
An auxiliary electrode having a low electrical resistance compared to the first electrode and provided in contact with the first electrode;
A second electrode;
A light emitting portion disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode,
When the refractive index of the first electrode is n1 and the refractive index of the substrate is n2, n1 and n2 are respectively expressed by the following formula (1)

を満たし、
前記第１電極の可視光領域の光の透過率が８０％以上、体積抵抗率が１Ω・ｃｍ以下、表面粗さが１００ｎｍ以下であり、
前記補助電極が、
枠状の第１補助電極と、
該第１補助電極の枠内に配置されるとともに、該第１補助電極に電気的に接続され、該第１補助電極よりも線幅が狭い第２補助電極と、を有する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。

The filling,
The transmittance of light in the visible light region of the first electrode is 80% or more, the volume resistivity is 1 Ω · cm or less, and the surface roughness is 100 nm or less,
The auxiliary electrode is
A frame-shaped first auxiliary electrode;
An organic electroluminescence device comprising: a second auxiliary electrode disposed within a frame of the first auxiliary electrode, electrically connected to the first auxiliary electrode, and having a line width narrower than the first auxiliary electrode.

[2] The first electrode is
A transparent membrane body,
The organic electroluminescent element according to the above [1], including a wire-like conductor disposed in the film main body and having conductivity.

[3] The organic electroluminescent element according to the above [2], wherein the wire-like conductor has a diameter of 200 nm or less.

[4] The organic electroluminescent element according to the above [3], wherein the wire-like conductor forms a network structure in the film main body.

[5] The organic electroluminescent element according to any one of the above [2] to [4], wherein the film main body contains a resin having conductivity.

[6] A value obtained by dividing the line width of the second auxiliary electrode by the line width of the first auxiliary electrode is 1/1000 to 1/10, wherein [1] to [5] The organic electroluminescent element in any one.

[7] The organic electroluminescence element according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the substrate is a support substrate.

[8] The organic electroluminescence element according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the substrate is a sealing substrate.

[9] The method for producing an organic electroluminescent element according to any one of [1] to [7],
Forming a first electrode on a surface of the substrate on the light emitting part side by a coating method using a dispersion in which a wire-like conductor having conductivity is dispersed in a dispersion medium;
In this step, assuming that the refractive index of the first electrode is n1 and the refractive index of the substrate is n2, n1 and n2 are respectively represented by the following formulas (1)

を満たし、可視光領域の光の透過率が８０％以上、体積抵抗率が１Ω・ｃｍ以下、表面粗さが１００ｎｍ以下の第１電極を形成する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子の製造方法。

The manufacturing method of the organic electroluminescent element which satisfy | fills 1 and forms the 1st electrode whose light transmittance of visible region is 80% or more, volume resistivity is 1 ohm * cm or less, and surface roughness is 100 nm or less.

[10] The method for manufacturing an organic electroluminescent element according to the above [9], wherein the auxiliary electrode is provided on a surface of the substrate on the light emitting part side before forming the first electrode.

[11] The method for producing an organic electroluminescent element according to [8] above,
Including a step of forming a first electrode on the sealing substrate side of the light emitting part by a coating method using a dispersion liquid in which a wire-like conductor having conductivity is dispersed in a dispersion medium,
In this step, assuming that the refractive index of the first electrode is n1 and the refractive index of the sealing substrate is n2, n1 and n2 are represented by the following formula (1):

を満たし、可視光領域の光の透過率が８０％以上、体積抵抗率が１Ω・ｃｍ以下、表面粗さが１００ｎｍ以下の第１電極を形成する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子の製造方法。

The manufacturing method of the organic electroluminescent element which satisfy | fills 1 and forms the 1st electrode whose light transmittance of visible region is 80% or more, volume resistivity is 1 ohm * cm or less, and surface roughness is 100 nm or less.

[12] The method for producing an organic electroluminescent element according to the above [11], wherein after the first electrode is formed, an auxiliary electrode is provided on the sealing substrate side of the first electrode.

[13] An illumination device comprising the organic electroluminescence element according to any one of [1] to [8].

[14] A planar light source comprising the organic electroluminescence element according to any one of [1] to [8].

[15] A display device comprising the organic electroluminescence element according to any one of [1] to [8].

  In this specification, “transparent substrate” and “transparent electrode” mean a substrate or an electrode through which at least part of incident light is transmitted.

According to the present invention, a voltage drop due to resistance of a transparent electrode is reduced, and even when a light emission area is large, unevenness in light emission luminance is sufficiently suppressed, uniform light emission is possible, and an organic electroluminescence element with high light emission efficiency is provided. It becomes possible.
Therefore, the organic electroluminescence element of the present invention can be suitably used as a display device such as a lighting device, a planar light source as a backlight, and a flat panel display.

  Hereinafter, the organic electroluminescence element of the present invention will be described in detail in accordance with preferred embodiments thereof. Note that the scale of each member in the drawings shown in the following description may differ from the actual scale.

The organic electroluminescence device according to the present invention is provided with a transparent substrate, a transparent first electrode provided in contact with the substrate, and an electric resistance lower than that of the first electrode, and provided in contact with the first electrode. An auxiliary electrode, a second electrode, and a light emitting unit disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode,
When the refractive index of the first electrode is n1 and the refractive index of the substrate is n2, n1 and n2 are respectively expressed by the following formula (1)

を満たし、前記第１電極の可視光領域の光の透過率が８０％以上、体積抵抗率が１Ω・ｃｍ以下、表面粗さが１００ｎｍ以下であり、
前記補助電極が、枠状の第１補助電極と、該第１補助電極の枠内に配置されるとともに、該第１補助電極に電気的に接続され、該第１補助電極よりも線幅が狭い第２補助電極と、を有することを特徴としている。

The light transmittance in the visible light region of the first electrode is 80% or more, the volume resistivity is 1 Ω · cm or less, and the surface roughness is 100 nm or less,
The auxiliary electrode is disposed within a frame-shaped first auxiliary electrode and a frame of the first auxiliary electrode, and is electrically connected to the first auxiliary electrode, and has a line width larger than that of the first auxiliary electrode. And a narrow second auxiliary electrode.

[First Embodiment]
An organic electroluminescence device according to an embodiment of the present invention having the above basic configuration is shown in FIG. In the following description, one side in the thickness direction of the support substrate 1 may be referred to as upper (or upper), and the other in the thickness direction of the support substrate 1 may be referred to as lower (or lower). The notation of this hierarchical relationship is set for convenience of explanation, and is not necessarily applied to the process and the situation where the organic electroluminescence element is actually manufactured.

  An auxiliary electrode 4 composed of a first auxiliary electrode 2 and a second auxiliary electrode 3 is disposed on the support substrate 1. A transparent anode (first electrode) 5 is disposed on these auxiliary electrodes 4. A light emitting section 6 is disposed on the anode (first electrode) 5, and a cathode (second electrode) 7 is disposed thereon. Usually, a sealing substrate (also referred to as an upper sealing film) that protects the entire laminated body in order to protect the laminated body (also referred to as a light emitting function unit) disposed on the support substrate 1. 8 is provided.

  In the first embodiment, the transparent first electrode 5 is an anode and the second electrode 6 is a cathode. However, the stacking order of the laminate is reversed, and the transparent first electrode is a cathode. You may comprise the organic electroluminescent element whose 2nd electrode is an anode.

(Support substrate)
The transparent support substrate 1 has a high light transmittance in the visible light region and is preferably used so that it does not change in the step of forming the organic electroluminescence element. The transparent support substrate 1 may be a rigid substrate or a flexible substrate, such as a glass plate, A plastic plate, a polymer film and a silicon plate, and a laminated plate obtained by laminating them are preferably used.
As the support substrate 1, a substrate having a refractive index difference of less than 0.3 with respect to the transparent first electrode 5 is used as appropriate.

(First electrode)
The first electrode 5 includes a transparent film body and a wire-like conductor disposed in the film body and having conductivity. The transparent film body preferably has a high light transmittance in the visible light region, and includes a resin, an inorganic polymer, an inorganic-organic hybrid compound, and the like. As the transparent film body, a resin having conductivity among the resins is preferably used. Thus, in addition to the wire-like conductor, by using a conductive film body, the first electrode 5 can be reduced in electrical resistance (hereinafter, electrical resistance may be abbreviated as resistance). it can. By using the first electrode 5 having such a low resistance, it is possible to suppress a voltage drop at the first electrode, realize low voltage driving of the organic electroluminescence element, and suppress luminance unevenness.

  The film thickness of the first electrode 5 is appropriately set depending on the electrical resistance and the visible light transmittance, and is, for example, 0.03 μm to 10 μm, preferably 0.05 μm to 1 μm.

  The wire-like conductor preferably has a small diameter, for example, a diameter of 400 nm or less is used, preferably a diameter of 200 nm or less, and more preferably a diameter of 100 nm or less. The wire-like conductor disposed in the film main body diffracts or scatters the light passing through the first electrode 5, so that the haze value of the first electrode 5 is increased and the light transmittance is decreased, but the wavelength of visible light is reduced. By using a wire-like conductor having a diameter smaller than the wavelength of visible light or the wavelength of visible light, the haze value for visible light can be kept low and the light transmittance can be improved. Moreover, since resistance will become high if the diameter of a wire-shaped conductor is too small, a diameter of 10 nm or more is preferable. In addition, when using an organic electroluminescent element for an illuminating device, since the one where the haze value of the 1st electrode 5 is high to some extent can also provide a diffusion function, the 1st electrode 5 has a haze value. Higher ones may be used suitably. Therefore, the optical characteristics of the first electrode 5 are appropriately set according to the device in which the organic electroluminescence element is used.

One or a plurality of wire-like conductors arranged in the film main body may be used, and it is preferable that a network structure is formed in the film main body. For example, in the membrane body, one or more wire-like conductors are arranged in an intricately intertwined manner throughout the membrane body to form a network structure. Specifically, a structure in which one wire-like conductor is intertwined in a complicated manner or a plurality of wire-like conductors are arranged in contact with each other spreads two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally to form a mesh. Forming a structure. The volume resistivity of the first electrode 5 can be lowered by the wire-like conductor forming the network structure.
Further, it is preferable that at least a part of the wire-like conductor is disposed near the surface of the first electrode 5 on the side opposite to the substrate 1. By arranging the wire-like conductor in this way, the resistance of the surface portion of the first electrode 5 can be lowered.
The wire-shaped conductor may be, for example, curved or needle-shaped. The first electrode 5 having a low volume resistivity can be realized by forming a network structure by bringing curved and / or needle-shaped conductors into contact with each other.

(Wire-like conductor material)
As a material for the wire-like conductor, for example, a metal having low resistance such as Ag, Au, Cu, Al, and alloys thereof is preferably used. For example, the wire conductor is a method by NRJana, L. Gearheart and CJMurphy (Chm. Commun., 2001, p617-p618), a method by C. Ducamp-Sanguesa, R. Herrera-Urbina, and M. Figlarz, etc. (J. Solid State Chem., Vol. 100, 1992, p272-p280).

(First electrode deposition method)
As a method for forming the first electrode 5, for example, a method in which a wire-like conductor is dispersed in a resin by kneading the wire-like conductor in a resin, or a wire-like conductor and the resin are dispersed. Examples thereof include a method of forming a film by a coating method using a dispersion liquid dispersed in a medium, and a method of coating a wire-like conductor on the surface of a resin film and dispersing the conductor in the film. .
In addition, you may add various additives, such as surfactant and antioxidant, to the 1st electrode 5 as needed. The type of the resin is appropriately selected according to the characteristics of the first electrode 5 such as the refractive index, the light transmittance, and the electric resistance.
Further, the amount of the wire-like conductor dispersed affects the electrical resistance, haze value, translucency, etc. of the first electrode 5, so that it is appropriately set according to the characteristics of the first electrode 5.

  The first electrode 5 of the present embodiment is obtained by applying a dispersion liquid in which a conductive wire-like conductor is dispersed in a dispersion medium to the surface of the support substrate 1 and further curing the coating film. It is done.

  The dispersion is prepared by dispersing a wire-like conductor and a resin in a dispersion medium. The dispersion medium may be any material that can dissolve the resin, for example, a chlorine solvent such as chloroform, methylene chloride or dichloroethane, an ether solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent such as toluene or xylene, acetone or methyl ethyl ketone. And ketone solvents such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and ethyl cellosolve acetate.

  Also, the resin preferably has a high translucency, and when the layer provided on the first electrode 5 is formed by a coating method, the resin constituting a part of the first electrode 5 is used as the coating liquid. It must be insoluble. Examples of such resins include low density or high density polyethylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer, ethylene-hexene copolymer, ethylene-octene copolymer, and ethylene-norbornene copolymer. Polyolefin resins such as ethylene-dmon copolymer, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, ionomer resin; polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate; Nylon-6, nylon-6,6, metaxylenediamine-adipic acid condensation polymer; amide resin such as polymethylmethacrylamide; acrylic resin such as polymethylmethacrylate; polystyrene, styrene-acrylic Styrene-acrylonitrile resins such as nitrile copolymers, styrene-acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers, polyacrylonitrile; hydrophobic cellulose resins such as cellulose triacetate and cellulose diacetate; polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride Halogen-containing resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene; hydrogen-bonding resins such as polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers and cellulose derivatives; polycarbonate resins, polysulfone resins, polyethersulfone resins, polyetheretherketone resins, polyphenylene Examples thereof include engineering plastic resins such as oxide resins, polymethylene oxide resins, polyarylate resins, and liquid crystal resins.

  Moreover, when forming the layer provided on the 1st electrode 5 by the apply | coating method, from a viewpoint that the resin which comprises a part of 1st electrode 5 is hard to melt | dissolve in a coating liquid, as said resin, thermosetting resin, light A curable resin and a photoresist material are preferably used.

  Among the exemplified resins, a resin having conductivity is preferably used, and examples of the resin having conductivity include polyaniline and polythiophene derivatives.

  The refractive index of the first electrode 5 is mainly determined by the refractive index of the film body made of resin or the like. Since the refractive index of this film body is mainly determined by, for example, the type of resin used, the first electrode 5 exhibiting the intended refractive index can be easily formed by selecting the resin used.

  In addition, if the dispersion liquid which disperse | distributed the wire-like conductor is used for the photosensitive material and photocurable monomer used for a photosensitive photoresist, the 1st electrode 5 which has a predetermined pattern shape by the apply | coating method and photolithography. Can be easily formed.

  As the 1st electrode 5, what does not change at the temperature heated in the process of forming an organic electroluminescent element is preferred, and as a resin which constitutes the 1st electrode 5, that whose glass transition point Tg is 150 ° C or more is used. Preferably, the thing of 180 degreeC or more is more preferable, and the thing of 200 degreeC or more is further more preferable. Examples of such a resin include polyether sulfone having a glass transition point Tg of 230 ° C. and a high heat resistant photoresist material.

  The dispersion amount of the wire-like conductor, and the binder and additive mixed in the dispersion liquid as necessary are appropriately set and selected according to conditions such as ease of film formation and characteristics of the first electrode 5. can do.

  The coating method of the dispersion liquid in which wire-like conductors are dispersed includes dipping method, coating method by bar coater, coating method by spin coater, doctor blade method, spray coating method, screen mesh printing method, brush coating, spraying, roll coating, etc. The methods generally used in the industry can be mentioned. In addition, when using a thermosetting resin and a photocurable resin, after apply | coating a dispersion liquid, a coating film can be hardened by a heating or light irradiation.

(Auxiliary electrode)
In the organic electroluminescence element of this embodiment, the auxiliary electrode 4 is arranged on the surface of the anode (first electrode) 5 and is a frame-shaped first auxiliary electrode electrically connected to the first electrode. 2 and a second auxiliary electrode 3 disposed within the frame of the first auxiliary electrode 2 and electrically connected to the first auxiliary electrode 2 and having a line width narrower than that of the first auxiliary electrode 2. Prepare.

  In the present embodiment, the first auxiliary electrode 2 and the second auxiliary electrode 3 are arranged in the above-described manner on the surface of the anode (first electrode) 5, so that a wire is formed in the first electrode 5. Even when the effect of suppressing the voltage drop of the transparent electrode due to the configuration in which the conductor is provided is insufficient, the voltage drop of the transparent electrode can be sufficiently suppressed. Therefore, the organic electroluminescence element provided with the auxiliary electrode 4 can sufficiently suppress unevenness in light emission luminance even when the light emission area is large.

  In the present embodiment, the auxiliary electrode 4 having the first auxiliary electrode 2 and the second auxiliary electrode 3 is disposed on the surface of the transparent anode (first electrode) 5 on the light emitting unit 6 side. However, it is opposite to the light emitting unit 6 from the viewpoint of more reliable electrical connection between the transparent anode (first electrode) 5 and the first auxiliary electrode 2 and the second auxiliary electrode 3. It is preferably arranged on the side surface. When the auxiliary electrode 4 is disposed on the surface of the first electrode opposite to the light emitting portion 6, the auxiliary electrode 4 is formed on the surface of the substrate 1 on the light emitting portion 6 side before the first electrode 5 is formed on the substrate 1. Form.

  An example of the arrangement form of the auxiliary electrode 4 composed of the first auxiliary electrode 2 and the second auxiliary electrode 3 is shown in FIGS.

  In the arrangement shown in FIG. 2, the auxiliary electrode 4 formed on the support substrate 1 is disposed inside the first auxiliary electrode 2a having a rectangular frame shape and the frame of the first auxiliary electrode 2a. The second auxiliary electrode 3a is electrically connected to the first auxiliary electrode 2a. The second auxiliary electrode 3a has a narrower line width than the first auxiliary electrode 2a, and the plurality of second auxiliary electrodes 3a are arranged in a lattice shape intersecting at right angles to each other.

  In the arrangement form shown in FIG. 3, the auxiliary electrode 4 formed on the support substrate 1 is arranged inside the first auxiliary electrode 2b having a rectangular frame shape and the frame of the first auxiliary electrode 2b. The second auxiliary electrode 3b is electrically connected to the first auxiliary electrode 2b. The second auxiliary electrode 3b has a narrower line width than the first auxiliary electrode 2b, and the plurality of second auxiliary electrodes 3b are arranged in parallel to each other.

  In the arrangement form shown in FIG. 4, the auxiliary electrode 4 formed on the support substrate 1 is arranged in a rectangular frame-shaped first auxiliary electrode 2c and the frame of the first auxiliary electrode 2c, and the first The second auxiliary electrode 3c is electrically connected to the first auxiliary electrode 2c. The second auxiliary electrode 3c has a narrower line width than the first auxiliary electrode 2c, and each of the plurality of second auxiliary electrodes 3c is arranged so as to constitute each side of each hexagon of the honeycomb structure.

  In the arrangement form shown in FIG. 5, the auxiliary electrode 4 formed on the support substrate 1 is arranged within a rectangular frame-shaped first auxiliary electrode 2d and the frame of the first auxiliary electrode 2d. The second auxiliary electrode 3d is electrically connected to the first auxiliary electrode 2d. The second auxiliary electrode 3d is composed of two types of fine line electrodes whose line width is narrower than that of the first auxiliary electrode 2d. That is, the second auxiliary electrode 3d includes a plurality of main thin-line electrodes 3d-1 intersecting at right angles to each other and the inside of the region surrounded by the first thin-line electrodes 3d-1, It consists of a second thin wire electrode 3d-2 formed inside a region surrounded by the first auxiliary electrode 2d and the first thin wire electrode 3d-1.

  In the arrangement form of FIG. 5, the first thin wire electrodes 3d-1 are arranged in a lattice shape, and a plurality of second thin wire electrodes 3d-2 are arranged in a lattice shape in each lattice-shaped frame. The second thin wire electrode 3d-2 is usually preferably formed with a line width narrower than that of the first thin wire electrode 3d-1.

  By taking such an arrangement form of the auxiliary electrodes, the effect of the present invention can be obtained even in an element having a larger light emitting area.

  Here, the frame shape of the frame-shaped first auxiliary electrode 2 is not particularly limited as long as the second auxiliary electrode 3 can be formed in the first auxiliary electrode 2. For example, the frame shape is rectangular or circular. Etc. are possible. The first auxiliary electrode 2 is preferably provided so as to surround a main region through which light is transmitted. The line width of the first auxiliary electrode 2 can be appropriately selected according to the electric resistance and the light emitting area of the organic electroluminescence element, and is preferably in the range of 1 to 50 mm, and more preferably in the range of 3 to 20 mm. More preferred.

  Since the inside of the frame of the first auxiliary electrode 2 where the second auxiliary electrode 3 is provided is a main region through which light from the light emitting unit 6 is transmitted, the line width of the second auxiliary electrode 3 does not hinder the transmission of light. Such dimensions are preferred. From this point of view, the line width of the thin wire electrode constituting the second auxiliary electrode 3 (hereinafter referred to as “line width of the second auxiliary electrode”) is in the range of 1 to 200 μm from the viewpoint of light utilization efficiency. Preferably, it is in the range of 10 to 100 μm.

  In the first embodiment, the value obtained by dividing the line width of the second auxiliary electrode by the line width of the first auxiliary electrode is more preferably 1/1000 to 1/10. If the ratio of the line widths is within the above range, the light utilization efficiency is further improved, and unevenness in the light emission luminance tends to be further suppressed.

The material of the first auxiliary electrode 2 and the second auxiliary electrode 3 is preferably a material having higher electric conductivity (lower electric resistance) than the transparent anode (first electrode) 5, and usually 10 ⁷ S. A conductive material having an electric conductivity of not less than / cm is used. Specific examples of such a conductive material include metal materials such as aluminum, silver, chromium, gold, copper, and tantalum. Among these, aluminum, chromium, copper, and silver are more preferable from the viewpoint of high electrical conductivity and ease of material handling. By using such a material, it is possible to realize the first auxiliary electrode 2 and the second auxiliary electrode 3 having lower electric resistance than the first electrode. Specifically, the first auxiliary electrode 2 and the second electrode having lower sheet resistance than the first electrode. 1 auxiliary electrode 2 and 2nd auxiliary electrode 3 are realizable.

  The larger the area where the auxiliary electrode 4 composed of the first auxiliary electrode 2 and the second auxiliary electrode 3 is in contact with the transparent anode (first electrode) 5 is wider for the purpose of reducing the voltage drop due to the resistance of the first electrode 5. good. Therefore, when a metal is used as the material of the first auxiliary electrode 2 and the second auxiliary electrode 3, the auxiliary electrode 4 is made of a transparent anode (when converted to the ratio of the area covered by the auxiliary electrode 4 to the light emitting area of the element). The area in contact with the first electrode 5 is preferably at least 20%, more preferably 30% or more.

  On the other hand, since the auxiliary electrode 4 is provided in contact with the transparent anode (first electrode) 5 that transmits light from the light emitting portion 6, it is preferable that the area occupied by the auxiliary electrode 4 is as small as possible so that light is not blocked as much as possible. . From this point of view, the ratio of the area covered by the auxiliary electrode 4 to the light emitting area of the element is preferably 90% or less, and more preferably 80% or less.

  Taking these into consideration, the ratio of the area covered by the auxiliary electrode 4 to the light emitting area of the element is preferably 20% or more and 90% or less, preferably 30% or more and 80% or less. More preferred.

  Further, the thicknesses of the first auxiliary electrode 2 and the second auxiliary electrode 3 can be appropriately selected so that the sheet resistance has a desired value, and is, for example, 10 to 500 nm, preferably 20 to 300 nm. Yes, more preferably 50 to 150 nm.

  As a method of forming the first auxiliary electrode 2 and the second auxiliary electrode 3 described above, a film made of the constituent material of the auxiliary electrode is formed by, for example, a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, or a laminating method in which a metal thin film is thermocompression bonded. Then, a method of forming a pattern by an etching method using a photoresist can be mentioned. Note that the auxiliary electrode can be patterned without etching. For example, the auxiliary electrode having a predetermined pattern can be formed by performing vacuum deposition a plurality of times using one or more masks in which openings corresponding to the shape of the auxiliary electrode are formed. Depending on the material constituting the second electrode, the second electrode may be damaged by the etchant. However, by forming the auxiliary electrode using a mask, the auxiliary electrode can be applied to the second electrode having low resistance to the etchant. Can be formed.

(Light emitting part)
The light emitting unit 6 is provided between the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7. The light emitting unit 6 includes at least a light emitting layer 10. One or more predetermined layers 9 are provided between the anode (first electrode 5 in the present embodiment) and the light emitting layer 10 as necessary. Moreover, between the light emitting layer 10 and a cathode (2nd electrode 7 in this Embodiment), the predetermined | prescribed 1 or several layer 11 is provided as needed.

(Layer provided between the anode and the light emitting layer)
Examples of the layer 9 provided between the anode (first electrode 5 in the present embodiment) and the light emitting layer 10 include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, and an electron blocking layer. The hole injection layer is a layer having a function of improving the efficiency of hole injection from the anode (first electrode) 5. The hole transport layer is a layer having a function of improving hole injection from the anode, the hole injection layer, or the hole transport layer closer to the anode. The electron blocking layer is a layer having a function of blocking electron transport. In the case where the hole injection layer and / or the hole transport layer has a function of blocking electron transport, these layers may also serve as an electron blocking layer. The fact that the electron blocking layer has a function of blocking electron transport makes it possible, for example, to produce an element that allows only electron current to flow and confirm the blocking effect by reducing the current value.

(Layer provided between the cathode and the light emitting layer)
Examples of the layer 11 provided between the light emitting layer 10 and the cathode (second electrode 7 in the present embodiment) include an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, a hole blocking layer, and the like. When both the electron injection layer and the electron transport layer are provided between the cathode 7 and the light emitting layer 10, the layer in contact with the cathode is referred to as an electron injection layer, and the layers other than the electron injection layer are referred to as an electron transport layer. . The electron injection layer is a layer having a function of improving electron injection efficiency from the cathode. The electron transport layer is a layer having a function of improving electron injection from the cathode, the electron injection layer, or the electron transport layer closer to the cathode. The hole blocking layer is a layer having a function of blocking hole transport. In the case where the electron injection layer and / or the electron transport layer have a function of blocking hole transport, these layers may also serve as the hole blocking layer. The fact that the hole blocking layer has a function of blocking hole transport makes it possible, for example, to produce an element that allows only a hole current to flow, and confirm the blocking effect by reducing the current value.

In the organic electroluminescence element of the present embodiment, a combination example of layer configurations from the anode 5 to the cathode 7 is shown below.
a) anode / light emitting layer / cathode b) anode / hole injection layer / light emitting layer / cathode c) anode / hole injection layer / light emitting layer / electron injection layer / cathode d) anode / hole injection layer / light emitting layer / Electron transport layer / cathode e) anode / hole injection layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer / cathode f) anode / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / cathode g) anode / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / Electron injection layer / cathode h) anode / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / cathode i) anode / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer / cathode j) anode / hole Injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / cathode k) anode / hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron injection layer / cathode l) anode / hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / Electron transport layer / cathode m) anode / hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer / cathode n) anode / light emitting layer / electron injection layer / cathode o) anode / Photo layer / electron transport layer / cathode p) anode / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer / cathode (here, the symbol “/” indicates that the layers sandwiching the symbol “/” are stacked adjacent to each other) The same shall apply hereinafter.)

Moreover, the organic electroluminescent element of this Embodiment may have two or more light emitting layers, and as an organic electroluminescent element which has two light emitting layers, the layer structure shown in the following q) is shown. Can be mentioned.
q) Anode / charge injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / charge injection layer / charge generation layer / charge injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / charge injection layer / cathode Specifically, as an organic electroluminescence device having three or more light emitting layers, (charge generation layer / charge injection layer / hole transport layer / light emission layer / electron transport layer / charge injection layer) is repeated one time. Examples of the unit include a layer structure including two or more repeating units shown in the following r).
r) Anode / charge injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / charge injection layer / (the repeating unit) / (the repeating unit) /... / cathode In the above layer configurations q) and r) Each layer other than the anode, the electrode, the cathode, and the light emitting layer can be deleted as necessary.
Here, the charge generation layer is a layer that generates holes and electrons by applying an electric field. Examples of the charge generation layer include a thin film made of vanadium oxide, indium tin oxide (abbreviated as ITO), molybdenum oxide, or the like.

  In the organic electroluminescence element, an anode is usually disposed on the substrate side as in the present embodiment, but a cathode may be disposed on the substrate side.

In the organic electroluminescent element of the present embodiment, an insulating layer having a thickness of 2 nm or less may be provided adjacent to the electrode in order to further improve the adhesion with the electrode or improve the charge injection property from the electrode. In addition, a thin buffer layer may be inserted between each of the aforementioned layers in order to improve adhesion at the interface or prevent mixing.
Hereinafter, the configuration of each layer will be described in more detail.

(Hole injection layer)
As a material constituting the hole injection layer, a known material can be appropriately used, and there is no particular limitation. For example, phenylamine, starburst amine, phthalocyanine, hydrazone derivative, carbazole derivative, triazole derivative, imidazole derivative, oxadiazole derivative having amino group, vanadium oxide, tantalum oxide, tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide, ruthenium oxide And oxides such as aluminum oxide, amorphous carbon, polyaniline, polythiophene derivatives, and the like.

  As a film formation method of the hole injection layer, for example, film formation from a solution containing a material (hole injection material) that becomes the hole injection layer can be mentioned. The solvent used for film formation from a solution is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves the hole injection material. Chlorine solvents such as chloroform, methylene chloride and dichloroethane, ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, toluene, Mention may be made of aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as xylene, ketone solvents such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, ester solvents such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and ethyl cellosolve acetate, and water.

  As a film forming method from a solution, a spin coating method, a casting method, a micro gravure coating method, a gravure coating method, a bar coating method, a roll coating method, a wire bar coating method, a dip coating method, a spray coating method, a screen printing method, Examples of the application method include a flexographic printing method, an offset printing method, and an ink jet printing method.

  The thickness of the hole injection layer is preferably about 5 to 300 nm. If the thickness is less than 5 nm, the production tends to be difficult. On the other hand, if the thickness exceeds 300 nm, the driving voltage and the voltage applied to the hole injection layer tend to increase.

(Hole transport layer)
The material constituting the hole transport layer is not particularly limited. For example, N, N′-diphenyl-N, N′-di (3-methylphenyl) 4,4′-diaminobiphenyl (TPD), 4 , 4′-bis [N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenylamino] biphenyl (NPB) and other aromatic amine derivatives, polyvinylcarbazole or derivatives thereof, polysilane or derivatives thereof, aromatic amines in the side chain or main chain Polysiloxane derivative having pyrazole, pyrazoline derivative, arylamine derivative, stilbene derivative, triphenyldiamine derivative, polyaniline or derivative thereof, polythiophene or derivative thereof, polyarylamine or derivative thereof, polypyrrole or derivative thereof, poly (p-phenylene vinylene) Or its derivatives, or poly (2,5-thienylene vinylene) or a derivative thereof is exemplified.

  Among these, as the hole transport material used for the hole transport layer, polyvinyl carbazole or a derivative thereof, polysilane or a derivative thereof, a polysiloxane derivative having an aromatic amine compound group in a side chain or a main chain, polyaniline or a derivative thereof, Polymeric hole transport materials such as polythiophene or derivatives thereof, polyarylamine or derivatives thereof, poly (p-phenylene vinylene) or derivatives thereof, or poly (2,5-thienylene vinylene) or derivatives thereof are preferred, and more preferred Is polyvinyl carbazole or a derivative thereof, polysilane or a derivative thereof, and a polysiloxane derivative having an aromatic amine in the side chain or main chain. In the case of a low-molecular hole transport material, it is preferably used by being dispersed in a polymer binder.

  The method for forming the hole transport layer is not particularly limited, but in the case of a low molecular hole transport material, film formation from a mixed solution containing a polymer binder and a hole transport material can be exemplified. Examples of molecular hole transport materials include film formation from a solution containing a hole transport material.

The solvent used for film formation from a solution is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves the hole transport material, and is a chlorine-based solvent such as chloroform, methylene chloride, dichloroethane, an ether-based solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, toluene, Examples thereof include aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as xylene, ketone solvents such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, and ester solvents such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and ethyl cellosolve acetate.
Examples of the film forming method from a solution include the same coating method as the above-described film forming method of the hole injection layer.

  As the polymer binder to be mixed, those that do not extremely inhibit charge transport are preferable, and those that weakly absorb visible light are preferably used. For example, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polymethyl acrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, poly Examples thereof include vinyl chloride and polysiloxane.

  The thickness of the hole transport layer is not particularly limited, but can be appropriately changed according to the intended design, and is preferably about 1 to 1000 nm. If the thickness is less than the lower limit value, production tends to be difficult or the effect of hole transport is not sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if the thickness exceeds the upper limit value, the driving voltage and the hole transport layer are increased. There is a tendency that the voltage applied to is increased. Therefore, the thickness of the hole transport layer is preferably 1 to 1000 nm as described above, more preferably 2 nm to 500 nm, and still more preferably 5 nm to 200 nm.

(Light emitting layer)
The light emitting layer 10 constituting the light emitting unit 6 usually has an organic substance that mainly emits fluorescence or phosphorescence, and may further contain a dopant material. As the organic substance, a low molecular compound and / or a high molecular compound is used, preferably a high molecular compound is used, and the light emitting layer includes a high molecular compound having a polystyrene-equivalent number average molecular weight of 10 ³ to 10 ^8. It is preferable. Examples of the light emitting material constituting the light emitting layer that can be used in this embodiment include the following. A plurality of light emitting layers may be arranged between the anode 5 and the cathode 7 without being limited to a single light emitting layer.

(Dye material)
Examples of the dye-based material include cyclopentamine derivatives, quinacridone derivatives, coumarin derivatives, tetraphenylbutadiene derivative compounds, triphenylamine derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, pyrazoloquinoline derivatives, distyrylbenzene derivatives, distyrylarylene derivatives, Examples include pyrrole derivatives, thiophene ring compounds, pyridine ring compounds, perinone derivatives, perylene derivatives, oligothiophene derivatives, trifumanylamine derivatives, oxadiazole dimers (derivatives), and pyrazoline dimers.

(Metal complex materials)
Examples of metal complex materials include metal complexes that emit light from triplet excited states such as iridium complexes and platinum complexes, aluminum quinolinol complexes, benzoquinolinol beryllium complexes, benzoxazolyl zinc complexes, benzothiazole zinc complexes, azomethyls. Zinc complex, porphyrin zinc complex, europium complex, etc., which has Al, Zn, Be, etc. as the central metal or rare earth metal such as Tb, Eu, Dy, etc., and oxadiazole, thiadiazole, phenylpyridine, phenylbenzo as ligands Examples thereof include metal complexes having an imidazole or quinoline structure.

(Polymer material)
Polymeric materials include polyparaphenylene vinylene derivatives, polythiophene derivatives, polyparaphenylene derivatives, polysilane derivatives, polyacetylene derivatives, polyfluorene derivatives, polyvinylcarbazole derivatives, and polymerized chromophores and metal complex light emitting materials. Etc.

Among the light emitting materials, examples of the material that emits blue light include distyrylarylene derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, and polymers thereof, polyvinylcarbazole derivatives, polyparaphenylene derivatives, and polyfluorene derivatives. Of these, polymer materials such as polyvinyl carbazole derivatives, polyparaphenylene derivatives, and polyfluorene derivatives are preferred.
Examples of materials that emit green light include quinacridone derivatives, coumarin derivatives, and polymers thereof, polyparaphenylene vinylene derivatives, polyfluorene derivatives, and the like. Of these, polymer materials such as polyparaphenylene vinylene derivatives and polyfluorene derivatives are preferred.
Examples of materials that emit red light include coumarin derivatives, thiophene ring compounds, and polymers thereof, polyparaphenylene vinylene derivatives, polythiophene derivatives, and polyfluorene derivatives. Among these, polymer materials such as polyparaphenylene vinylene derivatives, polythiophene derivatives, and polyfluorene derivatives are preferable.

(Dopant material)
A dopant can be added to the light emitting layer for the purpose of improving the light emission efficiency and changing the light emission wavelength. Examples of such dopants include perylene derivatives, coumarin derivatives, rubrene derivatives, quinacridone derivatives, squalium derivatives, porphyrin derivatives, styryl dyes, tetracene derivatives, pyrazolone derivatives, decacyclene, phenoxazone, and the like. In addition, the thickness of such a light emitting layer is about 20-2000 mm normally.

(Light-emitting layer deposition method)
As a method for forming a light emitting layer containing an organic substance, a method including applying a solution containing a light emitting material on the surface of the light emitting layer forming region, a method of depositing the surface of the light emitting layer forming region using a vacuum evaporation method, a predetermined method A method of applying a solution containing a light emitting material on a substrate, forming this coating film, and transferring the obtained film to the light emitting layer region can be used. Specific examples of the solvent used for the film formation from the solution include the same solvents as those for dissolving the hole transport material when forming the hole transport layer from the above solution.

  As a method of applying a solution containing a light emitting material on the surface of the light emitting layer forming region or on a substrate for forming a transfer film, a spin coating method, a casting method, a micro gravure coating method, a gravure coating method, Bar coating method, roll coating method, wire bar coating method, dip coating method, slit coating method, capillary coating method, spray coating method, nozzle coating method and other coating methods, gravure printing method, screen printing method, flexographic printing method, offset A coating method such as a printing method such as a printing method, a reverse printing method, and an ink jet printing method can be used. A printing method such as a gravure printing method, a screen printing method, a flexographic printing method, an offset printing method, a reversal printing method, and an ink jet printing method is preferable in that pattern formation and multi-coloring are easy. In the case of a sublimable low-molecular compound, a vacuum deposition method can be used. Furthermore, a method of forming a light emitting layer only at a desired place by laser transfer or thermal transfer can be used.

(Electron injection layer)
As described above, the electron injection layer is provided between the electron transport layer and the cathode, or between the light emitting layer and the cathode. Depending on the type of the light emitting layer, the electron injection layer may be an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, an alloy containing one or more of the above metals, an oxide, halide and carbonate of the metal, or a mixture of the substances. Etc.

  Examples of the alkali metal or its oxide, halide, carbonate include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, lithium oxide, lithium fluoride, sodium oxide, sodium fluoride, potassium oxide, potassium fluoride, oxide Examples include rubidium, rubidium fluoride, cesium oxide, cesium fluoride, and lithium carbonate.

  Examples of the alkaline earth metals or oxides, halides and carbonates thereof include magnesium, calcium, barium, strontium, magnesium oxide, magnesium fluoride, calcium oxide, calcium fluoride, calcium fluoride, barium oxide, fluorine. Barium fluoride, strontium oxide, strontium fluoride, magnesium carbonate and the like.

  Furthermore, a metal, a metal oxide, an organometallic compound doped with a metal salt, an organometallic complex compound, or a mixture thereof can also be used as a material for the electron injection layer.

This electron injection layer may have a stacked structure in which two or more layers are stacked. Specifically, Li / Ca etc. are mentioned. This electron injection layer is formed by vapor deposition, sputtering, printing, or the like.
The thickness of the electron injection layer is preferably about 1 nm to 1 μm.

(Electron transport layer)
As the material for forming the electron transport layer, known materials can be used, such as oxadiazole derivatives, anthraquinodimethane or derivatives thereof, benzoquinone or derivatives thereof, naphthoquinone or derivatives thereof, anthraquinones or derivatives thereof, tetracyanoanthraquinodi. Examples include methane or its derivatives, fluorenone derivatives, diphenyldicyanoethylene or its derivatives, diphenoquinone derivatives, or metal complexes of 8-hydroxyquinoline or its derivatives, polyquinoline or its derivatives, polyquinoxaline or its derivatives, polyfluorene or its derivatives, etc. The

  Of these, oxadiazole derivatives, benzoquinone or derivatives thereof, anthraquinones or derivatives thereof, or metal complexes of 8-hydroxyquinoline or derivatives thereof, polyquinoline or derivatives thereof, polyquinoxaline or derivatives thereof, polyfluorene or derivatives thereof are preferred, 2- (4-biphenylyl) -5- (4-t-butylphenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole, benzoquinone, anthraquinone, tris (8-quinolinol) aluminum, and polyquinoline are more preferable.

  The electron injection layer and the hole injection layer may be collectively referred to as a charge injection layer, and the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer may be collectively referred to as a charge transport layer.

(Second electrode)
The second electrode 7 in the first embodiment is an electrode arranged to face the first electrode 5 and serves as a cathode of the organic electroluminescence element. In the present invention, the second electrode 7 described later is used. As shown in the second embodiment, it is possible to use an anode. As such a cathode material, a material having a small work function and easy electron injection into the light emitting layer is preferable. The cathode material is preferably a material having high electrical conductivity and high visible light reflectance. Specific examples of such cathode materials include metals, metal oxides, alloys, graphite or graphite intercalation compounds, and inorganic semiconductors such as zinc oxide (ZnO).

  As the metal, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, a group 13 metal of the periodic table, or the like can be used. Specific examples of these metals include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, gold, silver, platinum, copper, manganese, titanium, cobalt, nickel, tungsten, tin, and aluminum. , Scandium, vanadium, zinc, yttrium, indium, cerium, samarium, europium, terbium, ytterbium, and the like.

  Examples of the alloy include an alloy containing at least one of the above metals. Specifically, a magnesium-silver alloy, a magnesium-indium alloy, a magnesium-aluminum alloy, an indium-silver alloy, a lithium-aluminum alloy, Examples thereof include a lithium-magnesium alloy, a lithium-indium alloy, and a calcium-aluminum alloy.

  The cathode 7 is an electrode having optical transparency as required. Examples of these materials include conductive oxides such as indium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, ITO and IZO; polyaniline or derivatives thereof, polythiophene. Or electroconductive organic substances, such as its derivative (s), can be mentioned.

  The cathode (second electrode) 7 may have a laminated structure of two or more layers. Moreover, an electron injection layer may be used as a cathode.

  The film thickness of the cathode (second electrode) 7 can be appropriately selected in consideration of electric conductivity and durability, but is, for example, 10 nm to 10 μm, preferably 20 nm to 1 μm, and more preferably 50 nm. ~ 500 nm.

  Examples of the method for forming the cathode (second electrode) 7 include a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, and a laminating method in which a metal thin film is thermocompression bonded. Note that the second electrode may have a laminated structure of two or more layers.

(Sealing substrate)
After the cathode (second electrode) 7 is formed as described above, the light emitting function includes the auxiliary electrode 4 -first electrode (anode) 5 -light emitting portion 6 -second electrode (cathode) 7 as a basic structure. In order to protect the portion, a sealing substrate (upper sealing film) 8 that seals the light emitting function portion is preferably formed. The sealing substrate 8 usually has at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer. The number of stacked layers is determined as necessary. Basically, inorganic layers and organic layers are alternately stacked.

  Note that the plastic substrate has higher permeability of gases such as oxygen and water than the glass substrate. Since a light emitting substance such as the light emitting layer 10 is easily oxidized and easily deteriorates by contact with oxygen, water, or the like, when a plastic substrate is used as the substrate 1, a treatment for improving gas barrier properties is applied to the substrate in advance. It is preferable to apply. For example, it is preferable to stack a lower sealing film having a high barrier property against gas or the like on a plastic substrate, and then stack the light emitting function part on the lower sealing film. The lower sealing film is usually formed with the same configuration and the same material as the sealing substrate (upper sealing film).

  In the organic electroluminescence element of this embodiment, examples of the layer disposed at the position in contact with the first electrode (anode) 5 include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, and a light emitting layer as described above. . The refractive indexes of the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, and the light emitting layer are each usually about 1.5 to 1.8. The refractive index (n1) of the first electrode 5 satisfies the above-described formula (1), and is preferably set to be equal to or lower than the refractive index (n3) of the layer in contact with the first electrode 5.

  In a conventional bottom emission type organic electroluminescence element, ITO formed on a glass substrate has been used as an anode. The refractive index (n1) of ITO is about 2, the refractive index (n2) of the glass substrate is about 1.5, and the refractive index (n3) of the portion (for example, the light emitting layer) in contact with ITO of the organic material is Since it is about 1.7, the conventional bottom emission type organic electroluminescence element has a configuration in which ITO having a high refractive index is sandwiched between a glass substrate having a low refractive index and a light emitting layer. Therefore, a part of the light from the light emitting layer is reflected by the ITO by total reflection or the like, so that the light from the light emitting layer cannot be extracted efficiently.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, by using the first electrode 5 and the support substrate 1 that satisfy the relationship of the above-described formula (1), the support substrate 1 and the first electrode 5 are compared with the conventional organic electroluminescence element. And the organic electroluminescent element with a small difference of each refractive index of the part which contact | connects the 1st electrode 5 of the light emission part 6 can be comprised. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the light from the light emitting layer from being reflected by the first electrode 5 and to improve the light extraction efficiency of the organic electroluminescence element. In particular, if the first electrode 5 and the support substrate 1 satisfying the relationship of n2 ≦ n1 ≦ n3 are used, the difference in refractive index between the support substrate 1, the first electrode 5, and the portion of the light emitting unit 6 in contact with the first electrode 5 is different. Can be further reduced, light from the light emitting layer can be suppressed from being reflected by the first electrode 5, and the light extraction efficiency of the organic electroluminescence element can be further improved. As a result, an organic electroluminescence element with high luminous efficiency can be realized.

  Further, since the light emitting portion 6 is formed on the flat first electrode 5 having a surface roughness Ra of 100 nm or less, variations in film thickness in each layer can be suppressed. Thereby, a short circuit due to the protrusion of the first electrode 5 can be eliminated.

  In addition, since the first electrode 5 can be formed by a coating method, the first electrode is formed when a transparent first electrode is formed using a vacuum apparatus such as vacuum deposition and sputtering, or in a special process. Compared to the case of forming the first electrode, the first electrode can be easily formed, and the cost can be reduced. Furthermore, since the characteristics of the first electrode 5 are determined by the type of the resin and the wire-shaped conductor, the shape of the wire-shaped conductor, and the like, the intended optical characteristics and electrical characteristics, etc. can be selected simply by appropriately selecting them. The 1st electrode 5 which shows can be obtained easily.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first auxiliary electrode 2 and the second auxiliary electrode 3 are arranged on the surface of the anode (first electrode) 5, and a wire-like shape is formed inside the frame of the first electrode 5 described above. Even when the effect of suppressing the voltage drop of the transparent electrode due to the configuration in which the conductor is provided is insufficient, the voltage drop of the transparent electrode can be sufficiently suppressed. That is, the organic electroluminescence element of this embodiment can sufficiently suppress unevenness in light emission luminance even when the light emission area is large. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the aperture ratio is not intentionally adjusted in order to suppress luminance unevenness. Therefore, compared with the conventional technique that suppresses luminance unevenness by adjusting the aperture ratio, the light use efficiency is higher. As a result, the luminous efficiency is improved.

[Method of manufacturing organic electroluminescence element]
Manufacture of the organic electroluminescent element of this embodiment is realizable by combining the formation method each demonstrated in the above-mentioned material description of each layer. That is, the manufacturing method of the organic electroluminescence element of this embodiment is:
(1) preparing a substrate appropriately selected from the substrates having the above-described configuration;
(2) forming an auxiliary electrode on the prepared substrate by the method described above;
(3) forming a first electrode on the substrate and the auxiliary electrode by the method described above,
(4) A step of forming a light emitting part composed of one or more layers on the first electrode by the method described above,
(5) A step of forming the second electrode on the light emitting portion by the method described above,
Have

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the organic electroluminescence element according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment described above is that the organic electroluminescence element of the first embodiment transmits light from the light emitting unit 6 through the transparent anode (first electrode) 5. In contrast, in the organic electroluminescence element of the second embodiment, the light from the light emitting portion 26 is transmitted through the transparent cathode (first electrode), whereas the bottom emission type element is emitted from the transparent support substrate 1 to the outside. 27 is a top emission type element that transmits the light from the transparent sealing substrate 28 to the outside.

  In the second embodiment, the transparent first electrode that transmits light from the light emitting unit 26 is the transparent cathode 27, and the transparent cathode 27 includes the first electrode (anode) 5 of the above-described first embodiment. In the same manner as described above, when a wire-like conductor is installed inside, the refractive index of the transparent cathode 27 is n1, and the refractive index of the transparent sealing substrate 28 is n2, n1 and n2 are respectively expressed by the following formulas (1 )

を満たし、前記透明陰極２７の可視光領域の光の透過率が８０％以上、体積抵抗率が１Ω・ｃｍ以下、表面粗さが１００ｎｍ以下に設定されている。

The transparent cathode 27 has a light transmittance in the visible light region of 80% or more, a volume resistivity of 1 Ω · cm or less, and a surface roughness of 100 nm or less.

  The transparent sealing substrate 28 is realized by a sealing film that hardly allows oxygen and water vapor contained in the atmosphere of the organic electroluminescence element to pass through. For example, a metal, a metal oxide, a metal nitride, a metal carbide, a metal oxynitride, or the like An inorganic layer composed of the above, a layer in which the inorganic layer and the organic layer are combined, or an inorganic-organic hybrid layer is preferably used. As the inorganic layer, a thin film layer that is stable in air is preferable. Specifically, silica, alumina, titania, indium oxide, tin oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, indium tin oxide, aluminum nitride, Examples include thin film layers of silicon nitride, silicon carbide, silicon oxynitride, and combinations thereof. A thin film layer made of aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, or silicon oxynitride is more preferable, and a thin film layer of silicon oxynitride is more preferable. In addition, as the transparent sealing substrate 28, a substrate having a refractive index difference of less than 0.3 with respect to the transparent cathode (first electrode) 27 is used as appropriate.

  Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the auxiliary electrode 24 is formed on the surface of the first electrode 27 on the sealing substrate 28 side. For the first electrode in the present embodiment, for example, a metal thin film exemplified as a cathode electrode can be used as a transparent cathode. In addition, since the metal thin film used for the transparent cathode is formed into a thin film to such an extent that light can be transmitted, the sheet resistance is increased. Therefore, the transparent cathode is preferably constituted by a laminate in which transparent electrodes such as ITO thin films are laminated in a metal foil film shape. Further, it is preferable to provide a reflective film having a high reflectance such as silver between the second electrode 25 and the substrate 21, and by providing such a reflective film, the light directed toward the substrate 21 is transmitted to the first electrode 27. Can be reflected to the side, and the light extraction efficiency can be improved. The auxiliary electrode 24 may be the same in shape, size, and constituent material as the auxiliary electrode 4 in the first embodiment, and is provided in contact with the transparent cathode (first electrode) 27 as described above. Is only different. In the second embodiment, after the first electrode 27 is formed, the auxiliary electrode 24 is formed on the sealing substrate 28 side of the first electrode 27. The method for forming the auxiliary electrode 24 is the same as the method for forming the auxiliary electrode 4 described in the first embodiment.

Even if the organic electroluminescence device according to the present invention is configured as in the second embodiment, the same actions and effects as those in the first embodiment can be obtained.
In other words, the organic electroluminescence device of the present invention reduces the voltage drop due to the resistance of the transparent electrode according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and even when the emission area is large, the emission luminance is uneven. Sufficiently suppressed, uniform light emission is possible, and light extraction efficiency is improved.

  The organic electroluminescence element of the first embodiment has a bottom emission type element structure in which light from a light emitting part is transmitted through a transparent anode (first electrode) and emitted to the outside from a transparent support substrate. . When the element structure of the organic electroluminescence element of the first embodiment is tentatively referred to as a first structure, it is the same bottom emission type element structure, and a transparent cathode (first electrode) is provided on the transparent substrate side and sealed. An organic electroluminescence element having a structure in which an anode is provided on the substrate side (second structure) can also be manufactured. The present invention can also be applied to an organic electroluminescence element having such a second structure.

  In addition, the organic electroluminescence element of the second embodiment has a top emission type element structure in which light from the light emitting part is transmitted through the transparent cathode (first electrode) and emitted from the transparent sealing substrate. doing. When the element structure of the organic electroluminescence element of the second embodiment is tentatively referred to as a third structure, it is the same top emission element structure, and a transparent anode (first electrode) is provided on the transparent sealing substrate side. An organic electroluminescence element having a structure in which a cathode is provided on the support substrate side (fourth structure) can also be produced. The present invention can also be applied to such an organic electroluminescence element having the fourth structure.

  Further, the light from the light emitting part is transmitted through the transparent anode (first electrode) and emitted from the transparent support substrate, and at the same time, the light is transmitted through the transparent cathode (first electrode) to the outside from the transparent sealing substrate. An output double emission type element structure can be produced, and the present invention can be applied to such a double emission type organic electroluminescence element.

  The organic electroluminescence element of the embodiment of the present invention as described above can be suitably used for a curved or planar illumination device, for example, a planar light source used as a light source of a scanner, or a display device.

  Examples of the display device including the organic electroluminescence element include an active matrix display device, a passive matrix display device, a segment display device, a dot matrix display device, and a liquid crystal display device. The organic electroluminescence element is used as a light emitting element constituting each pixel in an active matrix display device and a passive matrix display device, and is used as a light emitting element constituting each segment in a segment display device. In liquid crystal display devices, it is used as a backlight.

  Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated more concretely based on a manufacture example and a reference example, this invention is not limited to the following illustrations.

  In Preparation Example 1 and Reference Examples 1 and 2 shown below, compounds A to C represented by the following structural formulas (A) to (C) obtained in Synthesis Examples 1 and 2 were used. -C is synthesized according to the method described in International Publication No. 2000/046321 pamphlet.

(Synthesis Example 1)
Polymer compound 1 represented by the following general formula (1) was synthesized by the following method.

  First, 0.91 g of methyl trioctyl ammonium chloride (trade name: Aliquat 336, manufactured by Aldrich), 5.23 g of the above compound A, and 4.55 g of the above compound C were charged into a reaction vessel (200 mL separable flask), and then reacted. The system was replaced with nitrogen gas. Thereafter, 70 mL of toluene was added, 2.0 mg of palladium acetate and 15.1 mg of tris (o-tolyl) phosphine were added, and the mixture was refluxed to obtain a mixed solution.

  To the obtained mixed solution, 19 mL of an aqueous sodium carbonate solution was added dropwise and stirred overnight under reflux, then 0.12 g of phenylboric acid was added and stirred for 7 hours. Thereafter, 300 ml of toluene was added, the reaction solution was separated, and the organic phase was washed with an aqueous acetic acid solution and water, and then an aqueous sodium N, N-diethyldithiocarbamate solution was added and stirred for 4 hours.

Next, after the mixed solution after stirring is separated, it is passed through a silica gel-alumina column, washed with toluene, dropped into methanol to precipitate a polymer, and then the obtained polymer is filtered and dried under reduced pressure. Dissolved in. The obtained toluene solution was again added dropwise to methanol to form a precipitate. The precipitate was filtered and dried under reduced pressure to obtain 6.33 g of polymer compound 1. The obtained polymer compound 1 had a polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight Mw of 3.2 × 10 ⁵ and a polystyrene equivalent number average molecular weight Mn of 8.8 × 10 ⁴ .

(Synthesis Example 2)
Polymer compound 2 represented by the following general formula (2) was synthesized by the following method.

  First, 22.5 g of compound B and 17.6 g of 2,2′-bipyridyl were charged into a reaction vessel, and the inside of the reaction system was replaced with nitrogen gas. Thereafter, 1500 g of tetrahydrofuran (dehydrated solvent) previously deaerated by bubbling with an argon gas was added to obtain a mixed solution. To the obtained mixed solution, 31 g of bis (1,5-cyclooctadiene) nickel (0) was added, stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes, and reacted at 60 ° C. for 3 hours. The reaction was performed in a nitrogen gas atmosphere.

  Next, after cooling the obtained reaction solution, a mixed solution of 25% by mass of ammonia water 200 mL / methanol 900 mL / ion-exchanged water 900 mL was poured into this solution and stirred for about 1 hour. Thereafter, the produced precipitate was collected by filtration, and this precipitate was dried under reduced pressure and then dissolved in toluene. And after filtering the obtained toluene solution and removing an insoluble matter, this toluene solution was refine | purified by passing through the column filled with the alumina.

  Next, the purified toluene solution was washed with a 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, allowed to stand and separated, and then the toluene solution was recovered. And this toluene solution was wash | cleaned with about 3 mass% ammonia water, and after leaving still and liquid-separating, the toluene solution was collect | recovered. Thereafter, this toluene solution was washed with ion-exchanged water, allowed to stand and separated, and the washed toluene solution was recovered.

Next, the washed toluene solution was poured into methanol to form a precipitate. The precipitate was washed with methanol and then dried under reduced pressure to obtain polymer compound 2. The obtained polymer compound 2 had a polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight of 8.2 × 10 ⁵ and a polystyrene equivalent number average molecular weight of 1.0 × 10 ⁵ .

(Production Example 1)
In this production example 1, in order to confirm the effect when the auxiliary electrode is formed on the transparent first electrode, the refractive index of the transparent substrate and the transparent first electrode is not controlled within a specific range, and the first An organic electroluminescence device in which an auxiliary electrode is arranged on the surface of the transparent first electrode (anode) on the substrate side without arranging a wire-like conductor in the first electrode. Manufactured.

  A glass substrate (100 mm × 100 mm) was used as the support substrate. The temperature of the supporting substrate was set to 120 ° C., and Cr having a film thickness of 1000 nm was deposited on the supporting substrate by a DC sputtering method using a Cr target and Ar as a sputtering gas. The film forming pressure at this time was 0.5 Pa, and the sputtering power was 2.0 kW. A photoresist was applied on the Cr film and further baked at 110 ° C. for 90 seconds. Next, in a square frame-shaped opening composed of lines with a line width of 20 mm and the frame of the opening, the vertical and horizontal pitches are 300 μm × 100 μm, and the vertical and horizontal line widths are 70 μm × 30 μm, respectively. The film was exposed at an energy of 200 mJ through a photomask having a lattice-type opening made of, developed with 0.5% by weight aqueous potassium hydroxide solution, and post-baked at 130 ° C. for 110 seconds. Next, the resist residue is peeled off by immersing in Cr etching solution at 40 ° C. for 120 seconds, patterning Cr, and then immersing in a 2% by mass aqueous potassium hydroxide solution. 1 auxiliary electrode and 2nd auxiliary electrode) were formed.

Next, a first electrode was formed on the substrate on which the auxiliary electrode was formed. Specifically, an ITO film having a thickness of 3000 nm was deposited by a DC sputtering method using a substrate temperature of 120 ° C., an ITO firing target as a first electrode material, and Ar as a sputtering gas. The film forming pressure at this time was 0.25 Pa, and the sputtering power was 0.25 kW. Thereafter, annealing was performed in an oven at 200 ° C. for 40 minutes. Thereafter, the substrate on which the first electrode is formed is ultrasonically cleaned using a weak alkaline detergent at 60 ° C., cold water, and hot water at 50 ° C., pulled up from the hot water at 50 ° C. and dried, and then washed with UV / O _{3 for} 20 minutes. Went.

  Next, using a 0.45 μm diameter filter and a 0.2 μm diameter filter, respectively, a suspension of poly (3,4) ethylenedioxythiophene / polystyrene sulfonic acid (trade name: BaytronP CH8000, manufactured by Starck Vitech). The suspension is filtered in two stages, and a thin film with a thickness of 80 nm is formed on the washed substrate by spin coating using the solution filtered in the second stage, and is heated at 200 ° C. on a hot plate in an air atmosphere. Heat treatment was performed for 15 minutes to form a hole injection layer.

  Subsequently, the polymer compound 1 and the polymer compound 2 obtained in Synthesis Examples 1 and 2 were weighed at a weight ratio of 1: 1 and dissolved in toluene to prepare a 1% by mass polymer solution. The prepared polymer solution is formed on the substrate on which the hole injection layer is formed to a thickness of 80 nm by spin coating, and then heat-treated on a hot plate in a nitrogen atmosphere at 130 ° C. for 60 minutes to emit light. A layer was formed.

Thereafter, the substrate on which the light-emitting layer was formed was introduced into a vacuum vapor deposition machine, and LiF, Ca, and Al were sequentially deposited at a thickness of 2 nm, 5 nm, and 200 nm as a cathode to form a second electrode. In this vapor deposition step, metal deposition was started after the degree of vacuum reached 1 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa or less.

  Finally, in an inert gas, the surface of the second electrode on the substrate on which the second electrode is formed is covered with a glass plate, and further, the four sides are covered with a photo-curing resin, and then the photo-curing resin is cured to protect it. A layer was formed to obtain an organic electroluminescence light emitting device.

(Reference Example 1)
In Production Example 1, the photomask for forming the auxiliary electrode was the same as Production Example 1 except that a photomask having only a square frame-shaped opening composed of lines with a line width of 20 mm was used. Thus, a comparative organic electroluminescence light emitting device was produced.

(Reference Example 2)
In the above manufacturing example 1, as a photomask for forming the auxiliary electrode, a photomask having a lattice-type opening having a vertical and horizontal pitch of 300 μm × 100 μm and a vertical and horizontal line width of 70 μm × 30 μm, respectively. An organic electroluminescence light-emitting element for reference comparison was produced in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that the mask was used.

(Evaluation of auxiliary electrode formation effect)
The light emission characteristics of the organic electroluminescent light emitting devices obtained in Production Example 1 and Reference Examples 1 and 2 were evaluated. Specifically, the light emission luminance when a voltage of 8 V was applied to the entire device was measured, and the state of the light emitting surface was visually observed. The obtained results are shown below (Table 1).

（表１）に示した結果から明らかなように、本発明の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子においては、発光面積が大きい場合でも発光輝度のムラが十分に抑制され、均一発光が可能であることが確認された。

As is clear from the results shown in (Table 1), in the organic electroluminescence device of the present invention, it was confirmed that even when the light emitting area is large, unevenness in light emission luminance is sufficiently suppressed and uniform light emission is possible. It was.

  In the following Production Examples 2 to 4, the refractive index of the transparent substrate and the transparent first electrode is controlled within a specific range, and the effect of installing a wire-like conductor in the first electrode is confirmed. In addition, the auxiliary electrode is not arranged on the surface of the transparent anode on the substrate side, the refractive index of the transparent substrate and the transparent first electrode is controlled within a specific range, and a wire-like conductor is installed in the first electrode. The manufactured organic electroluminescence element is manufactured.

(Production Example 2)
As a wire-like conductor, a silver nanowire (major axis average length 1 μm, short) whose surface is protected with an amino group-containing polymer dispersant (product name “Solsperse 24000SC” manufactured by IC Japan Ltd.) Axial average length of 10 nm) is used. 2 g of toluene dispersion of silver nanowire (containing 1.0 g of silver nanowire) and trimethylolpropane triacrylate (made by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name “NK Ester-TMPT”) which is a photocurable monomer serving as the film body 0.25 g is mixed, and further, 0.0025 g of a polymerization initiator (trade name “Irgacure 907” manufactured by Ciba-Geigy Corporation of Japan) is added. This mixed solution is applied to a 0.7 mm thick glass substrate (transparent plate body), heated at 110 ° C. for 20 minutes on a hot plate to dry the solvent, and further irradiated with light (6000 mW / cm ² ) with a UV lamp. To obtain a transparent conductive film having a film thickness of 150 nm. By forming the film in this manner, a transparent conductive film having a transmittance of 80% or more, a volume resistivity of 1 Ω · cm or less, and a surface roughness of 100 nm or less is obtained.

  The refractive index of the photocurable resin is 1.47, and the refractive index of the obtained transparent conductive film is also 1.47. This transparent plate with the transparent conductive film is used for a transparent substrate or a sealing substrate having the transparent first electrode. Thus, an organic electroluminescence element can be obtained. In the obtained organic electroluminescence element, the light extraction efficiency is improved.

(Production Example 3)
As a wire-like conductor, a silver nanowire (major axis average length 1 μm, short) whose surface is protected with an amino group-containing polymer dispersant (product name “Solsperse 24000SC” manufactured by IC Japan Ltd.) Axial average length of 10 nm) is used. 1. 2 g of this silver nanowire in toluene dispersion (containing 1.0 g of silver nanowire) and a poly (ethylenedioxythiophene) / polystyrene sulfonic acid solution (trade name “BaytronP” manufactured by Starck Co., Ltd.) to be the membrane body. Mix with 5 g. This mixed solution is applied to a glass substrate (transparent plate body) having a thickness of 0.7 mm, heated on a hot plate at 200 ° C. for 20 minutes, and dried to obtain a transparent conductive film having a thickness of 150 nm. By forming the film in this manner, a transparent conductive film having a transmittance of 80% or more, a volume resistivity of 1 Ω · cm or less, and a surface roughness of 100 nm or less is obtained.

  “BaytronP” has a refractive index of 1.7 and the transparent conductive film obtained has a refractive index of 1.7. The transparent plate with the transparent conductive film is used as a transparent substrate having a transparent first electrode or a sealing substrate. Thus, an organic electroluminescence element can be obtained. In the obtained organic electroluminescence element, the light extraction efficiency is improved.

(Production Example 4)
As a wire-like conductor, a silver nanowire (major axis average length 1 μm, short) whose surface is protected with an amino group-containing polymer dispersant (product name “Solsperse 24000SC” manufactured by IC Japan Ltd.) Axial average length of 10 nm) is used. A mixture of 2.5 g of a poly (ethylenedioxythiophene) / polystyrene sulfonic acid solution (trade name “BaytronP” manufactured by Starck Co., Ltd.) to be the membrane body and 0.125 g of dimethyl sulfoxide; 2 g of toluene dispersion (containing 1.0 g of silver nanowires) is mixed. This mixed solution is applied to a 0.7 mm thick glass substrate, heated at 200 ° C. for 20 minutes on a hot plate, and dried to obtain a conductive film having a thickness of 150 nm. By forming a film in this way, a transparent conductive film having a transmittance of 80% or more, a volume resistivity of 1 Ω · cm or less, and a surface roughness of 100 nm or less is obtained.

  “BaytronP” has a refractive index of 1.7 and the transparent conductive film obtained has a refractive index of 1.7. The transparent plate with the transparent conductive film is used as a transparent substrate having a transparent first electrode or a sealing substrate. Thus, an organic electroluminescence element can be obtained. In the obtained organic electroluminescence element, the light extraction efficiency is improved.

  In Production Example 1 described above, the refractive index of the transparent substrate and the transparent first electrode is not controlled within a specific range, and the wire-like conductor is not disposed in the first electrode. An organic electroluminescence element in which an auxiliary electrode is arranged on the surface of the electrode (anode) on the substrate side was manufactured, and the effect when the auxiliary electrode was formed on the transparent first electrode was confirmed.

  In Production Examples 2 to 4, the auxiliary electrode is not disposed on the surface of the transparent anode on the substrate side, and the refractive index of the transparent substrate and the transparent first electrode is controlled within a specific range, and the first electrode An organic electroluminescence device having a wire-like conductor is manufactured, and the refractive index of the transparent substrate and the transparent first electrode is controlled within a specific range.

It is sectional drawing of the organic electroluminescent element of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows roughly an example of the positional relationship of the 1st auxiliary electrode and the 2nd auxiliary electrode in an organic electroluminescent element. It is a top view which shows roughly an example of the positional relationship of the 1st auxiliary electrode and the 2nd auxiliary electrode in an organic electroluminescent element. It is a top view which shows roughly an example of the positional relationship of the 1st auxiliary electrode and the 2nd auxiliary electrode in an organic electroluminescent element. It is a top view which shows roughly another example of the positional relationship of the 1st auxiliary electrode and the 2nd auxiliary electrode in an organic electroluminescent element. It is sectional drawing of the organic electroluminescent element of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Transparent support substrate 2, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d 1st auxiliary electrode 3, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d 2nd auxiliary electrode 4 Auxiliary electrode 5 Transparent anode (1st electrode)
6 Light-emitting part 7 Cathode (second electrode)
8 Protective film (upper sealing film)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 Layer provided between an anode and a light emitting layer 10 Light emitting layer 11 Layer provided between a cathode and a light emitting layer 21 Support substrate 22 1st auxiliary electrode 23 2nd auxiliary electrode 24 Auxiliary electrode 25 Anode (2nd electrode)
26 Light Emitting Unit 27 Transparent Cathode (First Electrode)
28 Protective film (upper sealing film)
29 Layer provided between the anode and the light emitting layer 30 Light emitting layer 31 Layer provided between the cathode and the light emitting layer

Claims (12)

A transparent substrate,
A transparent first electrode provided in contact with the substrate;
An auxiliary electrode having a low electrical resistance compared to the first electrode and provided in contact with the first electrode;
A second electrode;
A light emitting portion disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode,
When the refractive index of the first electrode is n1 and the refractive index of the substrate is n2, n1 and n2 are respectively expressed by the following formula (1)

The filling,
The transmittance of light in the visible light region of the first electrode is 80% or more, the volume resistivity is 1 Ω · cm or less, and the surface roughness is 100 nm or less,
The auxiliary electrode is
A frame-shaped first auxiliary electrode;
A second auxiliary electrode disposed within the frame of the first auxiliary electrode, electrically connected to the first auxiliary electrode, and having a line width narrower than the first auxiliary electrode;
The first electrode is
A transparent membrane body,
The membrane is placed in the body, seen including a wire-like conductor having conductivity at least partially disposed on the surface side of the side opposite to the substrate of the surface of the membrane body,
An organic electroluminescence device, wherein the auxiliary electrode is disposed on a surface of the first electrode opposite to the light emitting unit .   The diameter of the said wire-like conductor is 200 nm or less, The organic electroluminescent element of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The organic electroluminescent element according to claim 2, wherein the wire-like conductor forms a network structure in the film main body.   The organic electroluminescence element according to claim 1, wherein the film main body includes a resin having conductivity.   5. The value according to claim 1, wherein a value obtained by dividing the line width of the second auxiliary electrode by the line width of the first auxiliary electrode is 1/1000 to 1/10. Organic electroluminescence device.   The organic electroluminescent element according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is a support substrate.   The organic electroluminescent element according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is a sealing substrate. It is a manufacturing method of the organic electroluminescent element according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Forming a first electrode on a surface of the substrate on the light emitting part side by a coating method using a dispersion in which a wire-like conductor having conductivity is dispersed in a dispersion medium;
In this step, assuming that the refractive index of the first electrode is n1 and the refractive index of the substrate is n2, n1 and n2 are respectively represented by the following formulas (1)

A first electrode having a light transmittance in the visible light region of 80% or more, a volume resistivity of 1 Ω · cm or less, and a surface roughness of 100 nm or less ,
Before forming the first electrode, the auxiliary electrode is provided on the surface of the substrate on the light emitting portion side . A method for manufacturing an organic electroluminescent element, comprising: It is a manufacturing method of the organic electroluminescent element according to claim 7,
Including a step of forming a first electrode on the sealing substrate side of the light emitting part by a coating method using a dispersion liquid in which a wire-like conductor having conductivity is dispersed in a dispersion medium,
In this step, assuming that the refractive index of the first electrode is n1 and the refractive index of the sealing substrate is n2, n1 and n2 are represented by the following formula (1):

The manufacturing method of the organic electroluminescent element which satisfy | fills 1 and forms the 1st electrode whose light transmittance of visible region is 80% or more, volume resistivity is 1 ohm * cm or less, and surface roughness is 100 nm or less.   An illuminating device comprising the organic electroluminescence element according to claim 1.   A planar light source comprising the organic electroluminescence element according to claim 1.   A display device comprising the organic electroluminescence element according to claim 1.

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