JP4700180B2 - Deviation force measuring device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a displacement force measuring apparatus capable of quantitatively measuring a displacement force applied to the skin of a bedridden patient.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, an index called a Braden scale for predicting the risk of pressure ulcer development is known. This is to predict the occurrence of pressure ulcers by examining and evaluating the patient's condition for each of the following items: perception of the patient's perception (pressure), moistness, activity, mobility, nutritional status, and friction and deviation. The occurrence of pressure ulcers can be reduced by improving and taking countermeasures for items with a high risk of pressure ulcer occurrence. Among these items, “friction” in terms of friction and slippage means that the surface of the skin is rubbed by a relatively weak external force, and damage caused to the skin at this time is regarded as a risk factor for pressure ulcers, and “slip” This means that the skin is tangentially stressed by a relatively strong external force and the tissue between the bone and the skin is compressed and stretched. The
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 9, when the body of the patient 2 is raised in the bedding, for example, the gatch bed 1, the force of the patient 2 is shifted from the bed 1 by the displacement forces a and b The force b is a force in the opposite direction). When the physical strength of the patient 1 is so weak that the body cannot be moved by himself / herself, for example, on the shoulder blade 3, the lumbar spine 4, the sacrum 5, the thigh 6, etc. If the generated displacement forces a and b cannot be released by themselves and are left as they are, pressure ulcers may occur at the site where the bone process is present.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, as an evaluation method for the above “displacement”, there is no device for measuring how much the displacement force is actually applied to the skin of the patient 2, and the analysis is not sufficiently performed at present. Further, the displacement force applied to the body of the patient 2 varies depending on the individual patient such as the body part, the body weight, the body shape, and the presence or absence of the bone process of the patient 2, and these items need to be considered in the analysis. In nursing care, an apparatus for quantitatively measuring the displacement force is required in order to make an index such as the Braden scale more accurate.
[0005]
This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, and provides the deviation | shift force measuring apparatus which shows the deviation | shift force added to a patient's skin numerically.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention (Claim 1) is a displacement force measuring device that is interposed between a patient and bedding and detects a displacement force applied to the skin of the patient's body, the first sheet having flexibility, A flexible second sheet stacked on one sheet, and the first and second sheets have their peripheral portions bonded to each other over a predetermined width to form a space therein. The first and second sheets are composed of a surface layer that is not easily rubbed and an inner surface layer that is rubbed and fixed to the surface layer, and is disposed in a space between the first and second sheets. The sheet is distorted by receiving a displacement force applied to the skin of the patient's body, a part of the sheet is fixed to the inner surface layer of the first sheet, and the other part of the sheet is the second sheet. a distortion generation sheet composed is fixed to the inner surface layer of the sheet, the strain It is made and at least one pair of strain gauges fixed on both sides between the part and the other part of the raw sheet.
[0007]
In such a configuration, the shift force measuring device is interposed between the patient and the bedding, for example, the bed. The term “between the patient and the bedding” includes not only between the patient's sleeping clothes, pajamas and other clothes and sheets, but also between the patient's body skin and clothes. If a displacement force is generated between the patient and the bed when the patient's body is moved by assistance or the like, the displacement force causes the first sheet and the second sheet to be displaced, and the distortion generating sheet is distorted. Detected.
[0008]
In the present invention (Claim 2), the strain generating sheet is rectangular, and both ends in the longitudinal direction thereof are fixed to the inner surface layers of the first and second sheets, respectively. A pair of strain gauges are fixed to each other. In such a configuration, when a displacement force acts between the first and second sheets, a strain generating sheet in which one end side is fixed to the first sheet and the other end side is fixed to the first sheet is distorted, and the distortion is fixed to the strain generating sheet. Detected with a strain gauge.
[0009]
In the present invention (Claim 3), the distortion generating sheet is rectangular, both ends in the longitudinal direction are fixed to the inner surface layer of the second sheet, and the central portion is fixed to the inner surface layer of the first sheet, A first set of strain gauges is fixed on both surfaces between the one end and the central portion of the strain generating sheet, and a second set of strain gauges is mounted on both surfaces between the other end of the strain generating sheet and the central portion. It is fixed. In such a configuration, when the first sheet is displaced in one direction (for example, the right side) and the second sheet is displaced in the other direction (for example, the left side), distortion is detected by the first set of strain gauges. When the second sheet is displaced in another direction (for example, the left side) and the second sheet is displaced in one direction (for example, the right side), the strain is detected by the second set of strain gauges.
[0010]
In the present invention (Claim 4), the strain generating sheets are composed of two rectangular first and second strain generating sheets orthogonal to each other, and both ends in the longitudinal direction of the first and second strain generating sheets are the second. is fixed to the inner surface layer of the sheet, the central portion thereof is fixed to the inner surface layer of the first sheet, the first set of strain gauges are fixed on both sides between the one end and the central portion of the first distortion generation sheet A second set of strain gauges is fixed to both surfaces between the other end of the first strain generating sheet and the central portion, and a third pair is disposed on both surfaces between the one end of the second strain generating sheet and the central portion. A set of strain gauges is fixed, and a fourth set of strain gauges is fixed on both surfaces between the other end of the second strain generating sheet and the central portion.
[0011]
In such a configuration, when a displacement force is applied to the first distortion generating sheet, when the first sheet is displaced in one direction (for example, the right side) and the second sheet is displaced in the other direction (for example, the left side), the first set Strain is detected by the strain gauge. Conversely, when the first sheet is displaced in another direction (for example, the left side) and the second sheet is shifted in one direction (for example, the right side), the strain is detected by the second set of strain gauges. Is done. Further, when a displacement force is applied to the second strain generating sheet, the same effect as described above occurs in the second strain generating sheet, and a signal is obtained by the third set of strain gauges or the fourth strain gauge.
[0012]
In the present invention (Claim 5), the first sheet has a surface layer that is hard to be rubbed and an inner surface layer that is easily rubbed, and the second sheet is substantially the skin or clothes of the patient that the first sheet contacts. And a surface layer having an equal friction coefficient and an inner surface layer that easily rubs. In such a structure, the first sheet is applied to the skin of the measurement site of the patient so that the position thereof does not move directly or from the top of the clothes. The second sheet is a surface layer having a friction coefficient substantially equal to the patient's skin or clothes. Accordingly, when a shift occurs between the patient's body and the clothes or between the clothes and the bed due to the movement of the body at the time of assistance, the shift force is transmitted between the first and second sheets.
[0013]
In this invention (Claim 6), the surface layer of the said 1st sheet | seat is formed with a planar fastener, and the surface layer of the said 2nd sheet | seat is formed with a cloth. In such a configuration, the first sheet is fixed by a fastener so as not to move to the patient's clothing, while the second sheet is formed of a cloth having a friction coefficient substantially equal to the patient's clothing. As a result, the second sheet receives a displacement force substantially equal to the displacement force received by the clothes.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In FIGS. 1 and 2, 10 is a first sheet made of a flexible sheet, 11 is a second sheet made of a flexible sheet placed under the first sheet 10 and both have a diameter of about 10 cm. It is formed in a circular shape. As for the 1st and 2nd sheet | seats 10 and 11, the peripheral part 12 is adhere | attached over predetermined width, and the space 13 is formed in the inside. This space 13 communicates with the outside and is not in a sealed state. By adopting such a structure, when a displacement force is applied between the first and second sheets 10 and 11, both sheets are displaced in the direction of the displacement force.
[0015]
The first and second sheets 10 and 11 are composed of a surface layer 14 which is not easily rubbed (a coefficient of friction is large) and an inner surface layer 15 which is adhesively fixed to the surface layer 14 and is easily rubbed (a coefficient of friction is small). The layer 14 is made of a polyurethane sheet having a thickness of about 0.3 to 0.5 mm, and the inner surface layer 15 is made of paper or a Teflon sheet. The second sheet 11 also includes a surface layer 16 and an inner surface layer 17 made of the same material. The reason why the inner surface layers 15 and 17 are made of paper or Teflon sheet is that the friction coefficient is small, the contact resistance when the inner surface layers 15 and 17 are in contact with each other is minimized, and the displacement between the first and second sheets I0 and 11 occurs. This is to prevent resistance from being generated. Since the surface layer 14 of the first sheet 10 needs to be moved with the movement of the patient's body in direct contact with the patient's skin, the coefficient of friction must be large, and therefore the polyurethane sheet having a large coefficient of friction. On the other hand, since the surface layer 16 of the second sheet 11 needs to have a coefficient of friction that approximates the skin of the patient, a polyurethane sheet is also suitable.
[0016]
Reference numeral 18 denotes a rectangular distortion generating sheet, one part of which is, for example, one end in the longitudinal direction (left end in the figure) on the inner surface of the first sheet 10 and the other part, for example, the other end (right end in the figure) is the second sheet 11. Bonded and fixed to the inner surface. Reference numerals 19 and 20 denote adhesion surfaces at both ends. As the strain generating sheet 18, a nylon sheet having a thickness of about 0.1 mm can be used. Reference numeral 21 denotes a set of strain gauges which are bonded and fixed relative to both surfaces of the strain generating sheet 18, and 22 is a lead wire of the gauge 21. One set (two) of strain gauges 21 can have a conventionally known circuit configuration. That is, the two strain gauges 21 are placed in a Wheatstone bridge circuit, and the zero point correction or bending signal is removed to extract only the elongation signal, which is a necessary signal.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 3, when a displacement force in the direction a is applied to the first sheet 10 (this is relatively the same as when a force in the direction a is applied to the second sheet 11), the distortion generating sheet 18. Is pulled left and right, and strain generated by the tensile force is detected by the strain gauge 21. In such a structure, it is possible to detect a deviation of the first sheet 10 with respect to the second sheet 11 in only one direction (a direction in the illustrated example).
[0018]
FIG. 4 shows a deformed structure of the strain generating sheet 18, and is a structure that can detect both when the first sheet 10 is displaced in both the left and right directions with respect to the second sheet 11. In the figure, reference numeral 23 denotes a rectangular distortion generating sheet, and both longitudinal ends 24 and 25 thereof are bonded and fixed to the inner surface of the second sheet 11, and the central portion 26 is bonded and fixed to the inner surface of the first sheet 10. 27 is a first set of strain gauges bonded and fixed between one end 24 side and the central portion 26 of the strain generating sheet 23, and 28 is bonded and fixed between the other end 25 side and the central portion 26 of the strain generating sheet 23. The second set of strain gauges. A displacement force (tensile force) in the a direction applied to the first sheet 10 or the second sheet 11 is detected by the first set of strain gauges 27, and the first sheet 10 or the second sheet is detected by the second set of strain gauges 28. A displacement force (tensile force) in the b direction applied to the sheet 11 is detected.
[0019]
FIG. 5 shows still another modified structure for detecting a displacement force in two orthogonal directions (x direction and y direction), the first distortion generating sheet 28 whose longitudinal direction is matched with the x direction, and the longitudinal direction is y. It has the 2nd distortion generation | occurrence | production sheet | seat 29 matched with the direction. The structure of each of the first and second strain generating sheets 23 and 29 is the same as the structure shown in FIG. 4, and only the directions thereof are different. That is, both longitudinal ends 31 and 33 of the second strain generating sheet 29 are bonded and fixed to the inner surface of the second sheet 11, and the central portion 26 is bonded and fixed to the inner surface of the first sheet 10. The structure of the first distortion generating sheet 23 is the same as that shown in FIG. In the second strain generating sheet 29, 30 is a third set of strain gauges bonded and fixed to both surfaces between the one end 31 and the central portion 26 of the second strain generating sheet 20, and 32 is the second strain generating sheet 29. A fourth set of strain gauges are adhesively fixed to both surfaces between the other end 33 and the central portion 26. The first and second sets of strain gauges 27 and 28 have a displacement force in the x-direction (+ -bidirectional), and the third and fourth sets of strain gauges 30 and 32 have a y-direction (+ -both). Direction) is detected.
[0020]
FIG. 6 shows a modified structure of the embodiment (the structure of the strain generation gauge is the structure shown in FIG. 3), a surface fastener 34 is further provided on the surface layer 14 of the first sheet 10, and the surface layer of the second sheet 11. A cloth layer 35 is formed on 16. The device having such a structure is not directly brought into contact with the patient's skin, but is fixed on the patient's clothes, and pressure ulcer has already occurred, and the first sheet 10 of the device is directly applied to the patient's skin. Used when contact is impossible. In such a structure, as shown in FIG. 7, the displacement force measuring device 36 is attached to the outer surface of the garment 37 of the sacrum portion of the patient 2, for example, by which the displacement force is measured, and between the two by a fastener 34 (FIG. 6). Is fixed so that it does not slip easily.
[0021]
In this way, the friction coefficient of the cloth layer 35 (FIG. 6) of the second sheet 11 and the garment 37 is substantially equal in the sense that they are cloth (at least there is no great difference between different materials). The displacement force generated between the patient's clothes 37 and the sheet 38 on the bed 1 can be measured. When fixing the device 36 to the garment 37, the fastener 34 is effective for more reliably fixing the device 36. However, the polyurethane sheet constituting the surface layer 14 is originally a material having a high friction coefficient. Even if the fastener 34 is not necessarily provided, a fixing force that does not interfere with normal use can be obtained.
[0022]
FIG. 8 shows a displacement force measuring device 36 and a display unit 39. The display unit 39 incorporates a power source such as a battery, an amplifier, a display panel, and the like. 40 is sent to the display unit 39 via 40, converted into a numerical value (for example, Newton) representing the force, and displayed.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention (Claim 1), a displacement force generated between a patient's body and bedding can be quantitatively measured, and a displacement force applied to a specific part of the body, for example, a sacral region, a lumbar region, or the like. It is possible to analyze from various directions such as the difference in displacement force due to the size of the bone process, the relationship between weight and displacement force, the relationship between pressure ulcer occurrence and displacement force, and more effective because it suppresses the occurrence of pressure ulcer Data can be obtained for effective measures.
[0024]
According to the present invention (Claim 2), since both ends of the strain generating sheet are fixed between the first and second sheets, a displacement occurs between the first and second sheets, and a tensile force is applied to the strain generating sheet. Is added, strain is generated, which is detected by a strain gauge and indicated as a numerical value.
Therefore, the displacement force can be accurately detected with a simple structure.
[0025]
Further, according to the present invention (Claim 3), it is possible to detect a bidirectional displacement force on a straight line. For example, when the compressive force of the first set of strain gauges is applied, this compressive force cannot be accurately measured by the first set of strain gauges, but at this time, the tensile force is applied to the second set of strain gauges. Therefore, the second set of strain gauges can accurately detect the occurrence of strain due to the tensile force. When a displacement force in the direction opposite to the above direction is applied, the first set of strain gauge tensile force is applied, so the displacement force can be measured accurately, and thus a bidirectional displacement force on a straight line can be measured. It becomes.
[0026]
Furthermore, according to the present invention (Claim 4), it is possible to measure the displacement force in two orthogonal linear directions (x direction and y direction), and from the numerical value, the two-dimensional measurement of the displacement force, that is, the direction of the displacement force and The size can be calculated.
[0027]
Furthermore, according to the present invention (Claim 5), the measuring device is fixed to the patient's body, and the surface of the measuring device that contacts the bedding such as a bed is formed of the same cloth as the clothing. It receives substantially the same displacement force as the received displacement force, and the accurate displacement force can be detected.
[0028]
Furthermore, according to the present invention (Claim 6), by forming the surface fastener on the surface of the first sheet, the apparatus can be more firmly attached to the patient's body. Misalignment between them is prevented, and only the misalignment of the patient with the bedding can be accurately detected.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a displacement force measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to the line II in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part for explaining the operation of the strain generation gauge.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part for explaining the operation of the strain generation gauge according to the deformed structure.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a main part in a state in which a first sheet for explaining the operation of a strain generation gauge according to still another deformed structure is removed.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a modified structure of the first sheet.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a usage state of the apparatus.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an apparatus and a display unit.
FIG. 9 is a side view for explaining generation of displacement force.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Bed 2 Patient 10 1st sheet 11 2nd sheet 13 Space 14, 16 Surface layers 15, 17 Inner surface layer 18 Strain generating sheets 21, 27, 28, 30, 32 Strain gauge 34 Fastener 35 Fabric layer 36 Displacement force measuring device 37 Clothing 39 display

Claims (6)

A displacement force measuring device that is interposed between a patient and bedding and detects a displacement force applied to the skin of a patient's body, the first sheet having flexibility, and a flexible sheet stacked below the first sheet. A second sheet having flexibility, and the first and second sheets have their peripheral portions bonded to each other over a predetermined width to form a space inside, and this space communicates with the outside. The first and second sheets are composed of a surface layer that is not easily rubbed and an inner surface layer that is rubbed and fixed to the surface layer, and is disposed in a space between the first and second sheets. A sheet that generates distortion upon receiving a displacement force applied to the skin, and a part of the sheet is fixed to the inner surface layer of the first sheet and the other part of the sheet is fixed to the inner surface layer of the second sheet. A strain generating sheet, and the strain generating sheet Portion and another displacement force measuring device including at least one pair of strain gauges fixed on both sides between the parts. The strain generating sheet is rectangular, and both ends in the longitudinal direction thereof are fixed to the inner surface layers of the first and second sheets, respectively, and a set of strain gauges are fixed to both surfaces at substantially the center of the strain generating sheet. The deviation force measuring device according to claim 1. The strain generating sheet is rectangular, both ends in the longitudinal direction are fixed to the inner surface layer of the second sheet, the central portion is fixed to the inner surface layer of the first sheet, the one end of the strain generating sheet and the above The first set of strain gauges is fixed to both surfaces between the central portions, and the second set of strain gauges is fixed to both surfaces between the other end of the strain generating sheet and the central portions. Deviation force measuring device. The strain generating sheet is composed of two rectangular first and second strain generating sheets that are orthogonal to each other, and both longitudinal ends of the first and second strain generating sheets are fixed to the inner surface layer of the second sheet, The central portion is fixed to the inner surface layer of the first sheet, a first set of strain gauges is fixed to both surfaces between the one end of the first strain generating sheet and the central portion, and the first strain generating sheet A second set of strain gauges is fixed to both surfaces between the other end and the central portion, and a third set of strain gauges is fixed to both surfaces between the one end and the central portion of the second strain generating sheet, The displacement force measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a fourth set of strain gauges is fixed to both surfaces between the other end of the second strain generating sheet and the central portion.   The first sheet has a surface layer that is not easily rubbed and an inner surface layer that is easily rubbed, and the second sheet is a surface layer that has a friction coefficient substantially equal to the skin or clothes of the patient in contact with the first sheet. The deviation force measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising an inner surface layer that is easily rubbed.   The deviation force measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the surface layer of the first sheet is formed of a planar fastener, and the surface layer of the second sheet is formed of a cloth.

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