JP2023009189A - Storage battery management device, storage battery management method and storage battery management program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform both demand response and peak cut of received power of each user, when start time of demand response is variable.

SOLUTION: A storage battery management device comprises a prediction section and creation section. The prediction section predicts net system energy demand of each time unit, for each of multiple users. The creation section creates a first charge/discharge plan for specifying the amount of charge and the amount of discharge for each time unit of an accumulator battery in each user, so that the received power for each time unit each of the multiple users goes below a target value determined for each user, and the total value of electric energy obtained by removing a lowest power storage amount, determined for each user, from the power storage residual amount of accumulator battery in each user goes above a reduction amount predetermined for the total of received electric energy of the multiple users, in any time unit included in a predetermined first time zone, on the basis of net system energy demand of each user.

SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

COPYRIGHT: (C)2023,JPO&INPIT

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD Embodiments of the present invention relate to a storage battery management device, a storage battery management method, and a storage battery management program.

In recent years, demand response (DR), which reduces the total power demand of multiple consumers by a predetermined amount according to the power supply situation, and energy resource aggregation, which is an initiative that utilizes this - Attention to business (ERAB) is increasing. Also known is a technique for performing integrated control of storage batteries installed on the premises of a plurality of consumers, and implementing energy management services and ancillary services for each storage battery.

Also known is a technique for controlling a storage battery installed on the consumer side for the purpose of peak cut of received power for each consumer.

JP 2016-220384 A International Publication No. 2016/084347 JP 2018-19485 A International Publication No. 2017/203664

However, in the conventional technology, when the start time of the demand response is variable, it is sometimes difficult to perform both the demand response and the peak cut of the received power amount for each consumer.

A storage battery management device according to an embodiment includes a prediction unit and a creation unit. The prediction unit predicts the power demand for each time unit of each of the plurality of consumers. Based on the predicted amount of power demanded by each consumer, the creation unit determines that the received power amount for each time unit of each of the plurality of consumers is equal to or less than a target value determined for each customer, and In any time unit included in the first time period, the total amount of power obtained by excluding the minimum storage amount determined for each consumer from the remaining amount of power storage of the storage battery possessed by each of the plurality of consumers is A first charge/discharge that defines the amount of charge and discharge for each time unit of a storage battery owned by each consumer so that the total amount of received power of a plurality of consumers is equal to or greater than a predetermined reduction amount. create a plan;

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an overview of a power supply and demand system according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the relationship between the DR possible time period and the DR activation time period according to the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of functions of the storage battery management device according to the embodiment; FIG. 4 is an example of contract content data of each consumer according to the embodiment. FIG. 5 is an example of storage battery performance data of each consumer according to the embodiment. FIG. 6 is an example of a past record of received power amount of each consumer according to the embodiment. FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the flow of processing for creating a first charge/discharge plan according to the embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a relationship between a peak cut target value and predicted power demand according to the embodiment; FIG. 9 is a line graph showing an example of the remaining power amount of the storage battery according to the embodiment; FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the power supply and demand balance according to the embodiment. Drawing 11 is a graph which shows an example of the 1st charging/discharging plan concerning an embodiment. FIG. 12 is a graph obtained by extracting data on one consumer from the first charging/discharging plan according to the embodiment. FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of execution of the first charge/discharge plan and creation of the second charge/discharge plan according to the embodiment. FIG. 14 is a graph showing an example of a second charging/discharging plan according to the embodiment; FIG. 15 is a graph obtained by extracting data regarding one customer 3 from the second charging/discharging plan according to the embodiment.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overview of a power supply and demand system S according to an embodiment. A power system operator 6 shown in FIG. 1 is an electric power company, a power transmission/distribution business operator, or the like, and operates the electric power system 5 to control the generator 8 to supply electric power to a plurality of consumers 3 and 7. supply.

The consumer 3 and the consumer 7 are entities that receive power supply and use the power. In this embodiment, the customer 3 is a customer included in the management range 1 of the DR aggregator 2, which will be described later, and is, for example, a building housing an office or a commercial facility. Also, the consumer 7 is assumed to be a factory, a building, a residence, or the like. Also, the customer 3 may be a company that operates a building or the like.

Each customer 3 also has a storage battery 4 and a photovoltaic power generation device (Photovoltaics, PV) 9 . In this embodiment, all consumers 3 are assumed to have storage batteries 4 . The storage battery 4 is used for peak shaving and demand response, which will be described later. In addition, even if the power supply from the power system 5 to each consumer 3 is stopped in the event of a disaster or the like, the storage battery 4 is used so that the consumer 3 can continue the business for a certain period of time. It is also used to store necessary power. A BCP (Business Continuity Planning) capacity is the amount of power that allows the consumer 3 to continue the business for a certain period of time even when the power supply is stopped. The BCP capacity is an example of the minimum power storage amount of the storage battery 4 in this embodiment, and is determined for each consumer 3 . Also, when the customer 3 does not use the storage battery 4 for BCP, the BCP capacity is "0".

The DR aggregator 2 is a business operator that performs demand response by reducing the received power amount of a plurality of consumers 3 based on a received power amount reduction request (DR request) from the system operator 6 . The DR aggregator 2 of the present embodiment controls the storage battery 4 of each consumer 3 based on the reduction request from the system operator 6, thereby calculating the total amount of power received by each consumer 3 in a predetermined time period. , the total value of the baseline power of each consumer 3 is reduced by a predetermined amount.

The baseline power in the present embodiment is the expected power demand of each consumer 3 . Also, the baseline power may be the received power amount of each consumer 3 when the received power is not reduced by the demand response. In addition, in the present embodiment, the amount of reduction determined in advance with respect to the sum of the received power amounts of the plurality of consumers 3 based on a contract or the like in the demand response is referred to as the DR amount.

Further, in the present embodiment, the act of the DR aggregator 2 reducing the received power amount in response to a reduction request from the grid operator 6 is referred to as "activating the demand response". In the present embodiment, a time zone during which the DR aggregator 2 may receive a reduction request from the system operator 6 is called a "DR possible time zone". In addition, the time period during which the DR aggregator 2 actually activates DR upon receiving a reduction request from the system operator 6 is referred to as the "DR activation time period".

Further, the DR aggregator 2 of the present embodiment cuts the peak of the received power amount for each customer 3 as well as the demand response. Specifically, the DR aggregator 2 controls the storage battery 4 of each consumer 3 to bring the maximum value of the received power amount for each consumer 3 to a predetermined peak cut target value or less. Details of the peak cut target value will be described later with reference to FIG.

The DR aggregator 2 creates a schedule (charging/discharging plan) for charging or discharging the storage battery 4 by the storage battery management device 10, and controls charging/discharging of the storage battery 4 according to the charging/discharging plan. The storage battery management device 10 is a PC (Personal Computer) or the like, and includes a CPU, a memory, an HDD, a communication interface (I/F), a display device such as a display, and an input device such as a keyboard and a mouse. It has a hardware configuration using a normal computer.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the relationship between the DR possible time period 90 and the DR activation time period 91 according to this embodiment. The horizontal axis of FIG. 2 indicates the time unit (t) for 24 hours, and the vertical axis indicates the amount of power received or the amount of power demanded (kWh). It is assumed that the time unit in this embodiment is an interval of 30 minutes.

The bar graph in FIG. 2 shows values obtained by accumulating the amount of received electric power for each consumer 3 . Also, the line graph in FIG. 2 shows values obtained by accumulating the power demand (baseline power) for each consumer 3 .

In the example shown in FIG. 2, the time period in which the time unit “t” is “18” to “39” is the DR possible time period 90 . In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 2, the time period in which the time unit “t” is “26” to “27” is the DR activation time period 91 . The DR activation time period 91 is included in the DR possible time period 90 . Also, the length of time of the DR activation time zone 91 is referred to as DR duration time.

In this embodiment, it is assumed that the DR available time zone 90 and the DR duration time are determined in advance by a contract or the like concluded in advance between the system operator 6 and the DR aggregator 2 . Further, in the present embodiment, the system operator 6 may request the DR aggregator 2 to reduce the amount of received power immediately before the time to start reduction. Therefore, the DR activation time period 91 of this embodiment may not be determined until immediately before the DR is activated. In addition, since the system operator 6 requests the DR aggregator 2 to reduce the received power amount not every day, there are cases where the DR possible time period 90 elapses without the DR being activated.

The DR activation time period 91 is an example of the first time period in this embodiment. Also, the DR available time period 90 is an example of a second time period in the present embodiment.

T (planned period) shown in FIG. 2, T ~ _DR (a set of times t included in the DR possible time zone 90), ΔT _DR (DR duration), and T _ADR (DR activation during the planned period) The set of times t included in the time period after the end of the time period 91) and , will be described later in detail.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the functions of the storage battery management device 10 according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2 , storage battery management device 10 includes input unit 11 , storage unit 12 , acquisition unit 13 , display control unit 14 , calculation unit 15 , and control unit 16 . The calculation unit 15 also includes a prediction unit 17 and a creation unit 18 .

The storage unit 12 stores the contract content data of the customer 3 input from the input unit 11, the data related to the storage battery 4, the BCP capacity of each customer 3, and the power purchase unit price data of the metered rate of the electricity bill of the customer 3. , the data acquired by the acquisition unit 13, calculation conditions for data processing by the prediction unit 17 and the creation unit 18, calculation results of the prediction unit 17 and the creation unit 18, and the like are stored. The storage unit 12 is, for example, an HDD or memory.

FIG. 4 is an example of contract content data of each consumer 3 according to this embodiment. The contract content data is data relating to the contract of each consumer 3, and more specifically, data in which the name of the consumer, the contracted power of each consumer 3, and the peak cut power of each consumer 3 are associated with each other. is. The peak cut power is a value contracted with the electric power company or the aggregator as the target value of the maximum received power by the customer 3 . When the peak cut power is converted into the power amount for each time unit (30 minutes in this embodiment), the peak cut target value (target power amount) is obtained. If each consumer 3 can keep the received power at or below the peak cut power for a certain period of time or longer, it becomes possible for each consumer 3 to lower the contracted power and lower the basic charge. The peak cut target value is an example of the target value in this embodiment.

Moreover, FIG. 5 is an example of the storage battery performance data of each consumer 3 according to this embodiment. The storage battery performance data is data relating to the storage battery 4 of each consumer 3. More specifically, the storage battery name that can identify the storage battery 4, the name of the consumer having the storage battery 4, the capacity of each storage battery 4, and the charge/discharge. This is data in which the rate and the charge/discharge efficiency are associated with each other.

Returning to FIG. 3 , the input unit 11 receives data input via the input device and stores the data in the storage unit 12 . The data received by the input unit 11 include setting values of parameters in the optimization model described later, the start time of the DR activation time period 91, and the like.

The acquisition unit 13 acquires the measured value of the received power amount of the customer 3 from the electricity meter 21 installed at the customer 3 . FIG. 6 is an example of past records of received electric energy of each customer 3 according to the present embodiment. The acquisition unit 13 acquires the date, the time, and the received power amount for each hourly unit at 30-minute intervals for each customer 3 from the power meter 21, associates these data, and obtains the actual received power amount. It saves in the storage unit 12 as data.

Returning to FIG. 3, the display control unit 14 displays the calculation results and the like of the prediction unit 17 and the creation unit 18 on the display device.

The prediction unit 17 predicts the power demand of each consumer 3 for each time unit. More specifically, the prediction unit 17 predicts the next day's power consumption when the demand response does not reduce the received power based on the actual data of the received power amount saved in the storage unit 12 and the calendar information such as the day of the week. The power demand amount of each consumer 3 is predicted for each time unit. The result of prediction by the prediction unit 17 is the baseline power of each consumer 3 for each time unit.

The prediction unit 17 also predicts the amount of photovoltaic power generation for each consumer 3 on an hourly basis. More specifically, the prediction unit 17 predicts the photovoltaic power generation amount of each customer 3 for each hour of the next day based on the actual data of the received power amount stored in the storage unit 12 and the weather forecast information. do. The weather forecast information may be stored in the storage unit 12 in advance, or may be input from the input unit 11 .

Also, the power demand (baseline power) and the amount of photovoltaic power generation may be input from the input unit 11 and stored in the storage unit 12 . For example, the amount of power demand (baseline power) and the amount of photovoltaic power generation may be input from another system.

The creating unit 18 creates a first charging/discharging plan and a second charging/discharging plan that define the amount of charge and the amount of discharge of the storage battery 4 for each time unit. The first charge/discharge plan is a charge/discharge plan that defines the charge amount and discharge amount of the storage battery 4 for each time unit so that the demand response can be activated in any time unit included in the DR possible time period 90. is. In addition, the second charging/discharging plan reduces the total value of the received power amount of the plurality of consumers 3 in the DR activation time period 91 by more than the DR amount than the total value of the predicted power amount (baseline power). It is a charge and discharge plan.

In both the first charging/discharging plan and the second charging/discharging plan, the creation unit 18 determines that the received power amount per hour for each customer 3 is equal to or less than the peak cut target value, and the power storage of the storage battery 4 The charge amount and discharge amount of the storage battery 4 for each time unit are defined so that the remaining amount (remaining charge) is equal to or greater than the BCP capacity. In the present embodiment, the amount of power obtained by subtracting the BCP capacity determined for each consumer 3 from the remaining amount of electricity stored in the storage battery 4 owned by each of the plurality of consumers 3 is referred to as the surplus power amount. The creation unit 18 performs peak cut and demand response using the surplus power amount in both the first charging/discharging plan and the second charging/discharging plan.

For this reason, more specifically, in the first charging/discharging plan, the creation unit 18 determines that the amount of received power per time unit for each customer 3 is calculated based on the predicted amount of power demand for each customer 3. In any time unit that is equal to or less than the peak cut target value and is included in the predetermined DR possible time zone 90, the power storage amount of the storage battery 4 possessed by each of the plurality of consumers 3 The amount of charge and the amount of discharge of the storage battery 4 for each time unit are defined so that the total value of the amount of power (surplus power amount) excluding the determined BCP capacity is greater than or equal to the DR amount. At this time, when the predicted power demand amount of the customer 3 exceeds the peak cut target value in the time period after the DR activation time period 91, the creation unit 18 removes the excess power amount from the storage battery 4. When the demanded power amount predicted by the consumer 3 falls below the peak cut target value after discharging, the charge amount of the storage battery 4 for each time unit and Defines the amount of discharge.

Further, in the second charge/discharge plan, the creation unit 18 determines that the received power amount for each time unit for each customer 3 is equal to or less than the peak cut target value, and in the DR activation time period 91, the plurality of customers 3 The amount of charge and the amount of discharge for each time unit of the storage battery 4 that reduces the total value of the received power amount from the predicted total value of the demanded power amount by the DR amount or more is defined. Also, the second charge/discharge plan is equal to the first charge/discharge plan at times before the start time of the DR activation time period 91 .

The creating unit 18 creates the first charging/discharging plan at a stage where whether or not the demand response is to be activated is undecided, for example, the day before the planned period. In addition, the creating unit 18 creates the second charging/discharging plan after the activation of the demand response is determined and the DR activation time period 91 is determined.

The control unit 16 controls charging and discharging of each storage battery 4 according to the first charging/discharging plan or the second charging/discharging plan created by the creating unit 18 . More specifically, the control unit 16 converts the first charging/discharging plan or the second charging/discharging plan into a command signal indicating a power value (set value) for charging or discharging for each time unit, and stores each storage battery. Send to 4. When the storage battery 4 receives a command signal instructing charging from the control unit 16, the storage battery 4 acquires power from the power system 5 or the photovoltaic power generation device (PV) 9 by the amount specified for each time unit and charges the battery. do. In addition, when receiving a command signal for instructing discharge, the storage battery 4 discharges the amount specified for each time unit and supplies power to the load 23 via the indoor distribution line 22 . The load 23 is equipment that consumes power, such as lighting and air conditioning.

Next, the flow of processing executed by the storage battery management device 10 of this embodiment configured as described above will be described. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing for creating the first charge/discharge plan according to the present embodiment. The processing of this flowchart is assumed to be executed, for example, on the day before the planned period.

First, the prediction unit 17 reads the actual data of the received power amount and the calendar information such as the day of the week from the storage unit 12, and based on this information, predicts the next day's power consumption when the received power is not reduced by the demand response. The power demand (baseline power) of each consumer 3 for each time unit is predicted (S1).

Further, the prediction unit 17 reads the actual data of the photovoltaic power generation amount of each photovoltaic power generation device 9 and the weather information such as the amount of solar radiation from the storage unit 12, and based on this information, predicts the next day's hourly The photovoltaic power generation amount of each photovoltaic power generation device 9 is predicted (S2).

Next, the creation unit 18 sets the next day as the planning target period based on the power demand and the photovoltaic power amount predicted by the prediction unit 17, and information on the storage battery 4 and the electricity rate of each consumer 3. A first charging/discharging plan is created (S3).

More specifically, the creating unit 18 calculates the optimal solution of the optimization model (optimization problem) that minimizes the objective function of Equation (1) under the constraints shown in Equations (2) to (9). By doing so, the charge/discharge amount of the storage battery 4 of each consumer 3 is obtained for each time unit. The optimization problems of equations (1)-(9) are called linear programming problems. The creating unit 18 calculates an optimum solution for minimizing the objective function of (1) by using a technique such as the simplex method or the interior point method.

Equation (1) indicates the total value of the metered electricity charges of all consumers 3 during the period T to be planned. Here, T is 24 hours starting from 0:00 on the day after the day on which this process is executed. Also, in formulas (1) to (9), t or τ represents a time unit of 30-minute intervals. In the description of formulas (1) to (9), the unit of time is referred to as time t or time τ. Moreover, d indicates the customer 3 . D indicates a set of consumers 3 managed by the DR aggregator 2, that is, all consumers 3. FIG.

The creation unit 18 satisfies the equations (2) to (9), and the variable P _r (d, t) that reduces the value of the equation (1) (the total value of the metered electricity charges of all the consumers 3) , S(d, t), Q _chg (d, t), and Q _dis (d, t).

P _r (d, t) is the received power amount (kWh) at time t for each consumer 3 . S(d, t) is the remaining power (kWh) of each storage battery 4 installed in the consumer 3 at time t.

Also, Q _chg (d, t) is the charge amount (kWh) of the storage battery 4 for each consumer 3 at time t. Q _dis (d, t) is the discharge amount (kWh) of the storage battery 4 for each consumer 3 at time t. The values of Q _chg (d, t) and Q _dis (d, t) calculated by the creating unit 18 based on this optimization model are the first charge/discharge plan.

In the present embodiment, the optimal solution is the solution that minimizes the value of _equation (1). When there are multiple _{values of dis (} d, t) _{, Q chg (} d, t) and Let the value of Q _dis (d, t) be the first charge/discharge schedule.

The creation unit 18 uses the power demand and the photovoltaic power amount predicted by the prediction unit 17, and the storage battery 4 and the BCP capacity of each consumer 3 stored in the storage unit 12, the BCP capacity, and the electricity rate information to calculate the formula (1 ) to (9) input parameters c(d, t), P _d (d, t), P _pv (d, t), P _pc (d), ΔP ₊ (d, τ), ΔP ₋ (d, τ), Δt, _{TDR, ΔTDR, TADR, ηchg ( d )} , _ηdis (d), W(d), C(d), DR, S _BCP (d) , and after inputting each input parameter, the optimum solution of the optimization model of equations (1) to (9) is obtained.

c(d, t) is the power purchase unit price (yen/kWh) of the metered charge at time t for each consumer 3;

P _d (d, t) is the predicted value of the power demand (baseline power) (kWh) at time t for each customer 3 . P _pv (d, t) is the predicted value (kWh) of the photovoltaic power generation amount at time t for each customer 3 . P _pc (d) is the peak cut power (kW) for each consumer 3 shown in FIG.

ΔP ₊ (d, τ) is the amount of power (kWh) by which the predicted power demand (baseline power) of the consumer 3 at time τ exceeds the peak cut target value. ΔP ₋ (d, τ) is the amount of power (kWh) that the baseline power of the consumer 3 at time τ is short of the peak cut target value.

Δt is the time step and indicates the time unit of each formula. The time step in this embodiment is every 30 minutes (0.5 hours). T~ _DR is a set of times t included in the DR-enabled time period 90 . ΔT _DR is the DR duration. T _ADR is a set of times t included in the time period after the end of the DR activation time period 91 in the planning target period T.

η _chg (d) is the charging efficiency of each storage battery 4 installed in the consumer 3 . η _dis (d) is the discharge efficiency of each storage battery 4 installed in the consumer 3 . W(d) is the rated capacity (kWh) of each storage battery 4 installed in the consumer 3 . C(d) is the charge/discharge rate (C) of each storage battery 4 installed in the consumer 3 .

DR is the DR amount, that is, the reduction amount (kWh) per time t (hour unit) of the received power amount of all consumers 3 predetermined in the contract between the system operator 6 and the DR aggregator 2. . S _BCP (d) is the BCP capacity of each storage battery 4 installed in the consumer 3 .

Formula (2) is a constraint condition (constraint formula) to ensure that the surplus electric power amount of the storage battery 4 in the entire consumer 3 is equal to or more than a possible amount for demand response and peak cut in the DR possible time zone 90 . More specifically, Equation (2) is such that at any time t (unit of time) included in the DR-enabled time period 90, the total value of the remaining power amounts of the storage batteries 4 possessed by each of the plurality of consumers 3 is After ensuring the amount of power required for peak cut of each consumer 3 in the time period (T _ADR ) after the end of the DR activation time period 91, the amount of received power reduced for demand response during the DR duration time The constraint condition is that it is equal to or greater than (DR·ΔT _DR /Δt).

The left side of Equation (2) indicates the remaining power amount of the storage battery 4 multiplied by the discharge efficiency. In addition, the first term on the right side of Equation (2) indicates the amount of received power that is reduced for demand response during the DR duration. The second term on the right side of Equation (2) indicates the total amount of electric power required for peak cut for each customer 3 at each time τ after the DR activation period 91 . In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the storage battery 4 can be charged by the amount of power (ΔP ₋ (d, τ)) that is short of the peak cut target value of the power demand of the consumer 3 at time τ. Therefore, when the predicted value of the demand power amount (baseline power) exceeds the peak cut target value, the power amount corresponding to the excess is discharged from the storage battery 4, but the baseline power is the peak cut target value. is not exceeded, the storage battery 4 is charged with the electric energy for the shortage. The deficit amount of power (ΔP ₋ (d, τ)) is multiplied by the charging efficiency and the discharging efficiency and then subtracted from the excess amount of power.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the relationship between the peak cut target value and predicted power demand (baseline power) according to the present embodiment. For example, the baseline power of consumer C shown in FIG. 8 exceeds the peak cut target value in time units “18”, “19”, “30” and “31”, is below the peak cut target value. In addition, for consumers A and B, the baseline power is below the peak cut target value in all time units. Formula (2) is based on the premise that when the baseline power falls below the peak cut target value in this way, the difference (deficit) between the peak cut target value and the baseline power is used for charging the storage battery 4. and Further, when the creating unit 18 creates the first charging/discharging plan, the DR activation time period 91 has not been determined. is input into formula (2) and formula (2) is executed, the constraint condition of formula (2) A first charge/discharge plan is created so that is satisfied.

Further, in the present embodiment, the remaining charge amount and the remaining power amount of the storage battery 4 are based on the remaining power storage amount at the end of the time unit. In the formula (2), when the DR activation time period 91 is fixed at a certain time in the DR possible time period 90, from the start point of the DR activation time period 91, for the demand response in the DR duration time The total value of the reduced received power amount and the power amount required for peak cut of each consumer 3 in the time period after the end of the DR activation time period 91 is the storage battery possessed by each of the plurality of consumers 3 4, the remaining power amount of the storage battery 4 is calculated using the end of the time unit (time t−1) immediately before the start of the DR activation time period 91. .

Here, the remaining power amount of the storage battery 4 in this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 9 is a line graph showing an example of the remaining power amount of the storage battery 4 according to this embodiment. In FIG. 9 , the horizontal axis indicates time t, and the vertical axis indicates the remaining power amount (kWh) of the storage battery 4 . The remaining amount of electricity stored in the storage battery 4 is equal to or less than the rated capacity W(d) of the storage battery 4 . As shown in FIG. 9, the remaining power amount of the storage battery 4 at the end of time t-1 is calculated from the remaining power storage amount S (d, t-1) at the end of time t-1 to the BCP capacity (S _{BCP (d )} excluding ). Also, when the consumer 3 does not use the storage battery 4 for BCP, the BCP capacity S _BCP (d) is "0", so the remaining power storage amount of the storage battery 4 is all the surplus electric energy.

Next, Equation (3) is a constraint that defines the balance between power supply and demand. More specifically, the formula (3) is a photovoltaic power generation amount P _pv ( _d , t ) is subtracted, the charge amount Q _chg (d, t) of the storage battery 4 is added, and the discharge amount Q _dis (d, t) of the storage battery 4 is subtracted. t).

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the power supply and demand balance according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10, with respect to the power demand P _d (d, t) of the load 23 that consumes power, the photovoltaic power generation power P _pv (d, t) and the discharge amount Q _dis (d, t) of the storage battery 4 d, t) and the received power amount Pr(d, t) are supplied. The photovoltaic power generation amount P _pv (d, t) and the received power amount Pr (d, t) are also used as the charge amount Q _chg (d, t) of the storage battery 4 . For example, of the photovoltaic power generation amount P _pv (d, t) generated by the photovoltaic power generation device 9 , the surplus power that is not consumed by the load 23 is charged in the storage battery 4 . The generating unit 18 restricts the values of the charging amount Q _chg (d, t) and the discharging amount Q _dis (d, t) by using the equation (3) so as to maintain such a balance between supply and demand of electric power. Moreover, when the consumer 3 does not have the photovoltaic power generation device 9, the creation unit 18 sets the photovoltaic power generation power amount P _pv (d, t) to “0” and executes Expression (3).

Next, Expression (4) is a constraint condition for prohibiting reverse power flow. Reverse power flow means that the power discharged from the storage battery 4 installed in the consumer 3 or the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation device 9 flows into the power system 5 . Equation (4) defines that the received power amount at time t for each consumer 3 is 0 or more, that is, that there is no inflow of power from the storage battery 4 or the solar power generation device 9 to the power system 5. there is

Expression (5) is a peak cut constraint for each customer 3 . Equation (5) defines that the amount of power received at time t for each customer 3 is equal to or less than the peak cut target value for each customer 3 .

Equation (6) is a constraint condition of the law of conservation of energy in the storage battery 4 . More specifically, the amount of change in the remaining charge of the storage battery 4 in units of time is calculated by subtracting the value obtained by dividing the discharge amount by the discharge efficiency from the value obtained by multiplying the charge amount by the charge efficiency. stipulate that

Expression (7) is a constraint condition for the upper limit of the discharge amount of the storage battery 4 . Expression (8) is a constraint condition for the upper limit of the charge amount of the storage battery 4 . The amount of discharge and the amount of charge at time t for each storage battery 4 installed in the consumer 3 are defined by the rated capacity and charge/discharge rate of each storage battery 4 .

Expression (9) is a BCP constraint condition for each storage battery 4 installed in the consumer 3 . Formula (9) prescribes that the remaining power storage amount of each storage battery 4 is equal to or greater than the BCP capacity, and also prescribes that the maximum value of the remaining power storage amount does not exceed the storage battery capacity.

The creation unit 18 creates the first charge/discharge plan created using the above equations (1) to (9), and the calculated variables P _r (d, t), S (d, t), Q _chg ( d, t), the values of Q _dis (d, t), the predicted amount of power demand, and the predicted amount of solar power generation are stored in the storage unit 12 . Here, the processing of the flowchart shown in FIG. 7 ends.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing an example of the first charging/discharging plan according to this embodiment. The horizontal axis of FIG. 11 indicates the time t for 24 hours, and the vertical axis indicates the amount of power received or the amount of power demand (kWh). The bar graph in the upper part of FIG. 11 shows values obtained by accumulating the amount of received electric power for each customer 3 . Further, the line graph in the upper part of FIG. 11 indicates the value obtained by accumulating the power demand (baseline power) for each consumer 3 . Also, the bar graph at the bottom of FIG. 11 shows values obtained by accumulating the charge/discharge amount of each storage battery 4 of the customer 3 . A positive number in the bar graph at the bottom of FIG. 117 indicates discharging, and a negative number indicates charging. The line graph in the lower part of FIG. 11 shows values obtained by accumulating the storage capacity of each storage battery 4 of the customer 3 .

In the example shown in FIG. 11 , the total DR amount for all consumers 3 is 12 kWh over the entire DR duration when the demand response is activated in the DR possible time period 90 . In this case, the storage batteries 4 of all the consumers 3 are charged so as to secure a total surplus power amount of 12 kWh or more at the start of the DR possible time period 90 in order to prepare for the activation of the demand response. In addition, the storage batteries 4 of all the consumers 3 are further charged so as to secure a surplus power amount in order to cut the peak of the received power amount of each consumer 3 . As a result, even if the demand response is activated in any time unit of the DR possible time zone 90, the storage battery 4 can discharge the power amount of the DR amount using the remaining power storage amount corresponding to the surplus power.

FIG. 12 is a graph obtained by extracting data regarding one customer 3 from the first charging/discharging plan according to the present embodiment. In the first charging/discharging plan, the peak cut of the received power amount for each consumer 3 is performed by discharging the remaining amount of power storage corresponding to the surplus capacity of each storage battery 4 . As shown in FIG. 12, the storage battery 4 installed in the customer 3 discharges the received power amount to the peak cut target value by discharging during the time period when the demand power amount is expected to exceed the peak cut target value. value or less.

The DR possible time zone 90 and the DR activation time zone 91 are common to all consumers 3 and are the same time zone, but the time zone in which the power demand of each consumer 3 is expected to exceed the peak cut target value is It differs depending on each consumer 3 . Therefore, the DR possible time period 90 and the DR activation time period 91 do not always coincide with the time period in which the power demand of each consumer 3 is expected to exceed the peak cut target value. Since the creation unit 18 creates the first charging/discharging plan based on the predicted value of the power demand for each consumer 3, the power consumption of each storage battery 4 is adjusted according to the time period when the power demand of each consumer 3 increases. It is possible to create a plan for discharging and cutting peaks.

Next, the DR aggregator 2 executes the first charging/discharging plan on the day of the planning target period, and controls charging/discharging of the storage battery 4 of the customer 3 .
FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of execution of the first charge/discharge plan and creation of the second charge/discharge plan according to the present embodiment.

First, the display control unit 14 displays the first charge/discharge plan on the display device (S11). As a result, the person in charge of the DR aggregator 2 (user) can confirm the first charge/discharge plan on the display device.

And the control part 16 performs a 1st charging/discharging plan by controlling charging/discharging of each storage battery 4 according to the produced 1st charging/discharging plan (S12).
Next, the creating unit 18 determines whether or not a demand response is activated (S13). For example, when a DR request signal or the like is received from the system operator 6, the creating unit 18 determines that the demand response is activated. Further, the DR aggregator 2 that receives the DR request from the system operator 6 may input an instruction to activate the demand response to the storage battery management device 10 . It is also assumed that the DR activation time period 91 is designated by the grid operator 6 when a demand response request is received.

When the creation unit 18 determines that the demand response is not activated (S13 "No"), it determines whether the DR possible time period 90 has ended (S14). If it is determined that the DR available time period 90 has not ended (S14 "No"), the creating unit 18 returns to the process of S13. Further, when the creating unit 18 determines that the DR possible time period 90 has ended without triggering the demand response (S14 "Yes"), the processing of this flowchart ends.

When the creation unit 18 determines that the demand response will be activated (S13 "Yes"), it creates a second charge/discharge plan (S15).

More specifically, at times after the DR activation period, in addition to the constraints shown in the above formulas (3) to (9), the creation unit 18 sets the constraints of the following formulas (10) and (11). After satisfying the conditions, the charge/discharge amount of the storage battery 4 of each customer 3 is obtained for each time unit by calculating the optimum solution of the optimization model that minimizes the objective function of formula (1). The creating unit 18 does not use the constraint of Expression (2) in creating the second charge/discharge plan.

Expression (10) is a constraint condition that the total value of the received power amount of all consumers 3 in the DR activation time period 91 is equal to or less than the value obtained by subtracting the DR amount from the baseline power. The parameter TDR is a set of times t included in the _DR activation time period 91 .

Further, the formula (11) is such that at the start time of the DR activation time period 91 (end time of the time unit immediately before the DR activation time period 91), the remaining charge amount of the storage battery 4 in the second charging/discharging plan is the first is equal to the remaining amount of electricity storage in the charge/discharge plan. A parameter t _DR is the start time of the DR activation time period 91 . In addition, the creating unit 18 inputs the value of the variable S(d, t) obtained in the first charging/discharging plan creating process of FIG. 7 to the parameter S′(d, t) of the equation (11).

In this embodiment, whether or not the DR aggregator 2 will perform the demand response is unknown until immediately before the demand response on the day is activated. For this reason, the creating unit 18 secures the remaining amount of power storage of each storage battery 4 that allows the demand response to be performed according to the first charging/discharging plan at the time before the DR activation time period 91. , when the demand response is actually activated, a second charging/discharging plan that satisfies the constraints of formulas (10) and (11) is created. The creating unit 18 saves the created second charging/discharging plan in the storage unit 12 .

Next, the display control unit 14 displays the second charging/discharging plan created by the creating unit 18 on the display device (S16). And the control part 16 performs a 2nd charging/discharging plan by controlling charging/discharging of each storage battery 4 according to the produced 2nd charging/discharging plan (S12). Here, the processing of this flowchart ends.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing an example of the second charging/discharging plan according to this embodiment. The second charging/discharging plan is the same as the first charging/discharging plan shown in FIG. 11 until the start of the DR activation time period 91. In the second charge/discharge plan, during the DR activation time period 91, the storage battery 4 of the customer 3 discharges, and the received power amount is reduced from the baseline power by the DR amount. In the example shown in FIG. 14 , the received power amount is reduced by 6 kWh for each 30-minute time unit within the DR activation time period 91, resulting in a reduction of 12 kWh in total for the one-hour DR duration.

Further, as shown in FIG. 14, even if the power is reduced by the DR amount during the DR activation time period 91, the remaining charge amount of each storage battery 4 maintains a value equal to or greater than the BCP capacity. That is, in the second charge/discharge plan, each storage battery 4 secures the BCP capacity and uses the remaining charge amount for the surplus power to reduce the received power amount by the DR amount during the DR activation time period 91. discharge.

Also in the second charging/discharging plan, each storage battery 4 performs peak cut of the received power amount for each consumer 3 by performing charging/discharging.

FIG. 15 is a graph obtained by extracting data regarding one customer 3 from the second charging/discharging plan according to this embodiment. In the example shown in FIG. 15, after the DR activation period 91, it is predicted that the power demand of the consumer C will exceed the peak cut target value. It suppresses the amount of discharge in In addition, as shown in FIG. 15, the storage battery 4 of the consumer C discharges in the time period when the power demand of the consumer C is expected to exceed the peak cut target value in the second charging/discharging plan. As a result, the amount of power received by consumer C is kept below the peak cut target value.

In the conventional technology, when performing multiple services such as demand response and peak cut with one storage battery, the remaining amount of storage power is used differently for each service by setting the upper limit of the capacity of the storage battery used for each service in advance. However, when the DR aggregator 2 collectively performs demand response for a plurality of consumers 3, the DR activation time zone 91 and the time zone in which the power demand of each consumer 3 exceeds the peak cut target value may differ. In such a case, the conventional technology cannot optimize the capacity upper limit of the storage battery used for each of the demand response and the peak cut, which is the limit for improving the utilization efficiency of the storage battery.

Further, when the start time of the demand response is variable, the time at which the storage battery 4 is discharged for the demand response is not determined until immediately before. 4 was difficult to fully charge.

On the other hand, in the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment, the received power amount for each time unit for each consumer 3 is equal to or less than the peak cut target value, and any time period included in the predetermined DR possible time zone 90 At the time t (hour unit), the total value of the spare power amount of the storage battery 4 owned by each of the plurality of consumers 3 is calculated for each consumer 3 from the remaining power storage capacity of the storage battery 4 owned by each of the plurality of consumers 3 Create a first charge/discharge plan that defines the charge amount and discharge amount of the storage battery 4 for each time unit so that the total value of the reserve power amount excluding the minimum storage amount specified in 1 above is equal to or greater than the DR amount. . Therefore, according to the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment, even if the start time of the demand response is not fixed, it is possible to secure the remaining charge necessary for both the demand response and the peak cut in advance. For this reason, according to the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment, even when the start time of the demand response is variable, the demand response to the total value of the received power amount of the plurality of consumers 3 and each consumer 3 It is possible to perform both peak cut of received power amount.

Further, according to the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment, by charging or discharging the storage battery 4, demand response and peak cut can be performed without reducing the power consumption of the consumer 3.

Furthermore, according to the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment, the received power amount for each time unit for each consumer 3 is equal to or less than the peak cut target value, and in the DR activation time period 91 included in the DR possible time period 90 , the amount of charge and the amount of discharge of the storage battery 4 for each time unit are defined so that the total value of the received power amount of the plurality of consumers 3 is deleted by the DR amount or more from the total value of the predicted power amount demanded Create a charge/discharge plan for 2. Therefore, according to the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment, even if the demand response is started at any time within the DR possible time zone 90, the demand response to the total value of the received power amount of the plurality of consumers 3 and the , peak cut of the received power amount for each consumer 3 can be performed. Also, the second charging/discharging plan is equal to the first charging/discharging plan at times before the second time slot. Therefore, according to the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment, it is possible to smoothly switch from the first charging/discharging plan to the second charging/discharging plan after the demand response is activated.

Furthermore, according to the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment, since charging and discharging of the storage battery 4 are controlled according to the first charging and discharging plan, demand response and peak cut can be reliably performed.

Furthermore, in the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment, the received power amount for each time unit of each of the plurality of consumers 3 is equal to or less than the peak cut target value, and in any time unit included in the DR possible time period 90 Also, when there are a plurality of charge amounts and discharge amounts where the total value of the remaining power amount obtained by subtracting the BCP capacity from the remaining power amount of the storage battery 4 possessed by each of the plurality of consumers 3 is equal to or greater than the DR amount, the other A first charging/discharging plan is created so that the total value of metered electricity charges for a plurality of consumers 3 is smaller than when charging amounts and discharging amounts are specified. Therefore, according to the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment, it is possible to further reduce the economic burden on each consumer 3 while performing demand response and peak cut.

Further, the minimum storage amount in the present embodiment is the BCP capacity, which is the amount of power that allows the consumer 3 to continue business for a certain period of time when the power supply from the power system is stopped. Therefore, according to the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment, even when the storage battery 4 is discharged for demand response and peak cut, the storage battery 4 retains the remaining amount of storage necessary for business continuity of each consumer 3. be able to. For example, the customer 3 may have already installed the storage battery 4 for the purpose of BCP. In such a case, the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment secures the remaining power storage amount for BCP, and then uses the remaining power storage amount corresponding to the surplus capacity of the existing storage battery 4 for demand response and peak cut. can be done.

Furthermore, the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment uses a first charging method that defines the amount of charge and the amount of discharge so that the storage battery 4 is charged with the surplus power of the photovoltaic power generation device 9 owned by each of the plurality of consumers 3. Create a discharge plan. Therefore, according to the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment, not only the power received by the consumer 3 from the power system 5, but also the power generated by the solar power generation device 9 can be used for demand response and peak cut. can.

The data stored in the storage unit 12 and the data acquired by the acquisition unit 13 of the present embodiment are examples, and are not limited to the above examples. Also, in the present embodiment, the time unit is set at 30-minute intervals, but the time unit may be one hour. Also, in the present embodiment, the DR continuation time is determined in advance, but may be determined when the DR activation time period 91 is determined. In this case, the creating unit 18 may change the length of the DR continuation time to create a plurality of patterns of the first charging/discharging plan when creating the first charging/discharging plan.

Moreover, the creating unit 18 may create in advance a second charging/discharging plan assuming multiple patterns of the DR activating time period 91 before the DR activating time period 91 is determined.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the planning target period is 24 hours for the next day, but the creating unit 18 may create in advance the first charging/discharging plan for not only the next day but also for two days or more. .

(Modification)
In the first embodiment described above, the creating unit 18 creates the first charging/discharging plan so as to minimize the total value of the metered electricity charges of all the consumers 3 in the plan target period T. You may create a 1st charging/discharging plan so that the total value of the electric power purchase amount from may be minimized.

In this case, the creation unit 18 inputs the predicted value (yen/kWh) of the power unit price at the time t of the power exchange in Formula (1) instead of the power purchase unit price of the metered rate at the time t for each consumer 3. Enter the parameters c(d, t) to create the first charge/discharge plan and the second charge/discharge plan. In this modified example, Equation (1) indicates the total value of the power procurement cost procured by the power retailer from the power exchange during the planned period T.

That is, in the storage battery management device 10 of the present modification, the received power amount for each time unit of each of the plurality of consumers 3 is equal to or less than the peak cut target value, and in any time unit included in the DR possible time period 90 Also, when there are a plurality of charge amounts and discharge amounts where the total value of the remaining power amount obtained by subtracting the BCP capacity from the remaining power amount of the storage battery 4 possessed by each of the plurality of consumers 3 is equal to or greater than the DR amount, the other A first charge/discharge plan is created so that the total amount of power purchased from the power exchange is smaller than when the amount of charge and the amount of discharge are specified.

Therefore, according to the storage battery management device 10 of the present modification, for example, when the DR aggregator 2 sells power purchased from the power exchange to the consumer 3, the power of the DR aggregator 2 purchase cost can be reduced.

The storage battery management program executed by the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment is a file in an installable format or an executable format, and can be downloaded from CD-ROM, flexible disk (FD), CD-R, DVD (Digital Versatile Disk), etc. provided on a computer-readable recording medium. Alternatively, the storage battery management program executed by the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment may be stored on a computer connected to a network such as the Internet, and provided by being downloaded via the network. Also, the storage battery management program executed by the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment may be configured to be provided or distributed via a network such as the Internet. Further, the storage battery management program of the present embodiment may be configured so as to be pre-installed in a ROM or the like and provided.

The storage battery management program executed by the storage battery management device 10 of the present embodiment has a module configuration including the above-described units (input unit, acquisition unit, display control unit, calculation unit, prediction unit, creation unit, control unit). As actual hardware, the CPU (processor) reads out and executes the storage battery management program from the storage medium, and the above units are loaded onto the main storage device, and an input unit, an acquisition unit, a display control unit, a calculation unit, A prediction unit, a creation unit, and a control unit are generated on the main memory.

While several embodiments of the invention have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the scope of the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof.

2 DR aggregator 3 Customer 4 Storage battery 5 Power system 6 System operator 9 Photovoltaic power generation device (PV)
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 storage battery management device 11 input unit 12 storage unit 13 acquisition unit 14 display control unit 16 control unit 17 prediction unit 18 creation unit 90 DR possible time zone 91 DR activation time zone

Claims (9)

a prediction unit that predicts the amount of electric power demanded for each time unit of each of a plurality of consumers;
Based on the predicted amount of power demanded by each consumer, the received power amount for each time unit of each of the plurality of consumers is equal to or less than a target value determined for each customer, and In any of the time units included in the first time period, the total amount of electric power obtained by subtracting the minimum storage amount determined for each consumer from the remaining amount of electricity stored in the storage battery owned by each of the plurality of consumers prescribing the amount of charge and the amount of discharge for each time unit of the storage battery possessed by each of the consumers so that the value is equal to or greater than a predetermined reduction amount with respect to the total amount of power received by the plurality of consumers. A creation unit that creates a first charge and discharge plan to
A storage battery management device. The generating unit further controls the plurality of consumers in a second time period included in the first time period when the amount of received electric power for each of the time units for each of the consumers is equal to or less than the target value, and A second defining the charge amount and the discharge amount of the storage battery for each time unit so that the total value of the received power amount is reduced from the predicted total value of the demand power amount by the reduction amount or more Create a charge and discharge plan for
The second charging/discharging plan is equal to the first charging/discharging plan at times before the second time slot,
The storage battery management device according to claim 1. Further comprising a control unit that controls charging and discharging of the storage battery according to the first charging and discharging plan or the second charging and discharging plan,
The storage battery management device according to claim 2. The generating unit further determines that the received power amount for each of the time units of each of the plurality of consumers is equal to or less than the target value, and in any of the time units included in the first time period, The total amount of power obtained by subtracting the minimum storage amount from the remaining power storage capacity of the storage battery possessed by each of the plurality of consumers is a predetermined reduction amount with respect to the total of the received power of the plurality of consumers. When there are a plurality of the charged amounts and the discharged amounts that are equal to or greater than the above, so that the total value of the metered electricity charges of the plurality of consumers is smaller than when the other charged amounts and the discharged amounts are specified. creating the first charging and discharging plan;
The storage battery management device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The generating unit further determines that the received power amount for each of the time units of each of the plurality of consumers is equal to or less than the target value, and in any of the time units included in the first time period, The total amount of power obtained by subtracting the minimum storage amount from the remaining power storage capacity of the storage battery possessed by each of the plurality of consumers is a predetermined reduction amount with respect to the total of the received power of the plurality of consumers. When there are a plurality of the charged amounts and the discharged amounts that are greater than or equal to the above, the above-mentioned creating a first charge/discharge plan;
The storage battery management device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The minimum storage amount is an amount of power that allows the consumer to continue business for a certain period of time when the power supply from the power system is stopped.
The storage battery management device according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The creating unit further creates the first charge/discharge plan that defines the charge amount and the discharge amount so that the storage battery is charged with surplus power of the photovoltaic power generation device owned by each of the plurality of consumers. create,
The storage battery management device according to any one of claims 1 to 6. a prediction step of predicting the amount of power demanded for each time unit of each of a plurality of consumers;
Based on the predicted amount of power demanded by each consumer, the received power amount for each time unit of each of the plurality of consumers is equal to or less than a target value determined for each customer, and In any of the time units included in the first time period, the total amount of electric power obtained by subtracting the minimum storage amount determined for each consumer from the remaining amount of electricity stored in the storage battery owned by each of the plurality of consumers prescribing the amount of charge and the amount of discharge for each time unit of the storage battery possessed by each of the consumers so that the value is equal to or greater than a predetermined reduction amount with respect to the total amount of power received by the plurality of consumers. A creation step of creating a first charging and discharging plan to
A storage battery management method comprising: a prediction step of predicting the amount of power demanded for each time unit of each of a plurality of consumers;
Based on the predicted amount of power demanded by each consumer, the received power amount for each time unit of each of the plurality of consumers is equal to or less than a target value determined for each customer, and In any of the time units included in the first time period, the total amount of electric power obtained by subtracting the minimum storage amount determined for each consumer from the remaining amount of electricity stored in the storage battery owned by each of the plurality of consumers prescribing the amount of charge and the amount of discharge for each time unit of the storage battery possessed by each of the consumers so that the value is equal to or greater than a predetermined reduction amount with respect to the total amount of power received by the plurality of consumers. A creation step of creating a first charging and discharging plan to
A storage battery management program that causes a computer to execute

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