JP2020085444A - Full charge capacity estimation device - Google Patents

Full charge capacity estimation device Download PDF

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JP2020085444A
JP2020085444A JP2018214140A JP2018214140A JP2020085444A JP 2020085444 A JP2020085444 A JP 2020085444A JP 2018214140 A JP2018214140 A JP 2018214140A JP 2018214140 A JP2018214140 A JP 2018214140A JP 2020085444 A JP2020085444 A JP 2020085444A
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full charge
charge capacity
charging
estimated
power storage
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JP7087936B2 (en
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和樹 久保
Kazuki Kubo
和樹 久保
田中　信行
Nobuyuki Tanaka
信行 田中
義宏 内田
Yoshihiro Uchida
義宏 内田
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

To estimate more properly a full charge capacity of a power storage device.SOLUTION: When a difference between an estimated full charge capacity up to the time and a full charge capacity due to a number of used years based on the number of used years of a power storage device is more than a predetermined value, waiting time is set based on this difference. At the time for charging the power storage device to full charge, the charging is started after the waiting time elapses, and the estimated full charge capacity is estimated based on the difference between the storage amount ratio before and after charging and the integrated value of charging current until full charge. Accordingly, the full charge capacity of the power storage device can be estimated more appropriately.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、満充電容量推定装置に関し、詳しくは、蓄電装置の満充電容量の推定値としての推定満充電容量を推定する満充電容量推定装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a full charge capacity estimation device, and more particularly to a full charge capacity estimation device that estimates an estimated full charge capacity as an estimated value of the full charge capacity of a power storage device.

従来、この種の満充電容量推定装置としては、充電前後の蓄電装置の蓄電割合の差と充電電流積算値とに基づいて蓄電装置の満充電容量を推定するものが提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。ここで、蓄電割合は、蓄電装置の全容量のうち蓄電されている容量の割合であり、例えば全容量に対するパーセント表示で示されるまた、満充電容量は、パーセントや［Ａｈ］の単位、［Ｗｈ］の単位などにより表示される。また、満充電容量は、ユーザ電費を用いて電動走行可能な距離やそのパーセントにより表示してもよい。なお、表示手段としては、メータでもよいし、ディーラーの表示装置でもよい。 Conventionally, as this type of full-charge capacity estimation device, there has been proposed one that estimates the full-charge capacity of the power storage device based on the difference in the storage ratio of the power storage device before and after charging and the charging current integrated value (for example, See Patent Document 1). Here, the power storage ratio is a ratio of the stored capacity to the total capacity of the power storage device. For example, it is shown as a percentage of the total capacity, and the full charge capacity is a unit of percentage or [Ah], [Wh ] Is displayed in units. Further, the full charge capacity may be displayed by a distance or a percentage thereof that can be electrically driven by using the user electricity cost. The display means may be a meter or a display device of a dealer.

特開２０１３−１０１０７２号公報JP, 2013-101072, A

一般的に、蓄電装置の満充電容量は蓄電装置の経年劣化により減少するが、使用状態によって劣化の程度は異なるため、使用年数だけで蓄電装置の満充電容量を推定することはできない。上述の装置のように充電前後の蓄電装置の蓄電割合の差と充電電流積算値とに基づいて蓄電装置の満充電容量を推定する場合、蓄電装置の分極が解消していない状態で満充電容量を推定すると、推定精度が低くなり、適正な満充電容量を推定することができない。分極はある程度放置しておくことにより解消するものであるが、どの程度の時間放置する必要があるかについてはユーザには判断ができず、十分な時間に亘る放置を行なわない場合には精度の悪い推定が行なわれ、過剰な時間に亘る放置を行なう場合、放置時間が長く、ユーザに違和感を与えてしまう。 Generally, the full charge capacity of a power storage device decreases due to aging deterioration of the power storage device, but since the degree of deterioration varies depending on the usage state, it is not possible to estimate the full charge capacity of the power storage device only by the years of use. When estimating the full charge capacity of a power storage device based on the difference between the storage ratios of the power storage device before and after charging and the integrated charging current value as in the above-mentioned device, the full charge capacity can be calculated when the polarization of the power storage device is not resolved. , The estimation accuracy becomes low, and the proper full charge capacity cannot be estimated. The polarization can be resolved by leaving it to some extent, but the user cannot determine how long it should be left, and if the user does not leave it for a sufficient time, the accuracy will be reduced. If a bad estimation is made and the user is left for an excessive period of time, the user will feel uncomfortable for a long period of time.

本発明の満充電容量推定装置は、蓄電装置の満充電容量をより適正に推定することを主目的とする。 The full charge capacity estimation device of the present invention is mainly intended to more appropriately estimate the full charge capacity of a power storage device.

本発明の満充電容量推定装置は、上述の主目的を達成するために以下の手段を採った。 The full charge capacity estimation device of the present invention employs the following means in order to achieve the above-mentioned main object.

本発明の満充電容量推定装置は、
蓄電装置の満充電容量の推定値としての推定満充電容量を推定する満充電容量推定装置であって、
前記推定満充電容量と前記蓄電装置の使用年数に基づく使用年数起因満充電容量との差分が所定値以上のときには、前記差分に基づいて待期時間を設定し、前記蓄電装置を満充電まで充電を行なう際に、前記待期時間が経過してから充電を開始し、充電の前後の蓄電割合の差と満充電までの充電電流の積算値とに基づいて前記推定満充電容量を推定する、
ことを特徴とする。 The full charge capacity estimation device of the present invention is
A full charge capacity estimation device for estimating an estimated full charge capacity as an estimated value of the full charge capacity of a power storage device,
When the difference between the estimated full charge capacity and the age-based full charge capacity based on the number of years of use of the power storage device is a predetermined value or more, a waiting time is set based on the difference, and the power storage device is charged to full charge. When performing, the charging is started after the waiting time has elapsed, and the estimated full charge capacity is estimated based on the difference between the charge ratios before and after the charging and the integrated value of the charging current until full charge,
It is characterized by

この本発明の満充電容量推定装置では、それまでの推定満充電容量と蓄電装置の使用年数に基づく使用年数起因満充電容量との差分が所定値以上のときには、まず、差分に基づいて待期時間を設定する。そして、蓄電装置を満充電まで充電を行なう際に、待期時間が経過してから充電を開始し、充電の前後の蓄電割合の差と満充電までの充電電流の積算値とに基づいて推定満充電容量を推定する。推定満充電容量と使用年数起因満充電容量との差分に基づく待期時間だけ待期してから充電を開始するのである。この結果、より適正な待期時間を設定することができ、より適正に推定満充電容量を推定することができる。 In the full-charge capacity estimation device of the present invention, when the difference between the estimated full-charge capacity up to that point and the full-charge capacity due to the number of years of use of the power storage device is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the waiting period is first determined based on the difference. Set the time. Then, when charging the power storage device to full charge, the charging is started after the waiting time has elapsed, and is estimated based on the difference between the power storage ratio before and after charging and the integrated value of the charging current up to full charge. Estimate full charge capacity. The charging is started after waiting for a waiting time based on the difference between the estimated full charge capacity and the full charge capacity due to the number of years of use. As a result, a more appropriate waiting time can be set, and the estimated full charge capacity can be estimated more appropriately.

ここで、待期時間は、推定満充電容量と使用年数起因満充電容量との差分が大きいほど大きくなる傾向に設定するのが好ましい。差分が大きいほど分極の影響が大きく生じていると考えられるからである。なお、満充電容量は、充電電流の積算値を充電前後の蓄電割合の差分で割ることにより計算することができる。 Here, the waiting time is preferably set to increase as the difference between the estimated full charge capacity and the age-based full charge capacity increases. This is because it is considered that the larger the difference is, the larger the influence of polarization is. The full-charge capacity can be calculated by dividing the integrated value of the charging current by the difference between the storage rates before and after charging.

本発明の一実施例としての満充電容量推定装置を搭載する電気自動車２０の構成の概略を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the outline of a structure of the electric vehicle 20 carrying the full charge capacity estimation apparatus as one Example of this invention. 電子制御ユニット７０により実行される満充電容量推定処理の一例を示すフローチャートである。6 is a flowchart showing an example of a full charge capacity estimation process executed by an electronic control unit 70. 使用年数起因満充電容量設定用マップの一例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the map for full charge capacity setting based on years of use. 充電前待期時間設定用マップの一例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the map for waiting time before charging.

次に、本発明を実施するための形態を実施例を用いて説明する。 Next, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described using examples.

図１は、本発明の一実施例としての満充電容量推定装置を搭載する電気自動車２０の構成の概略を示す構成図である。実施例の電気自動車２０は、図示するように、モータ３２と、インバータ３４と、直流電源としてのバッテリ３６と、充電用リレー５０と、電子制御ユニット７０と、を備える。 FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of a configuration of an electric vehicle 20 equipped with a full charge capacity estimation device as one embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated, the electric vehicle 20 of the embodiment includes a motor 32, an inverter 34, a battery 36 as a DC power source, a charging relay 50, and an electronic control unit 70.

モータ３２は、例えば同期発電電動機として構成されており、回転子が駆動輪２２ａ，２２ｂにデファレンシャルギヤ２４を介して連結された駆動軸２６に接続されている。インバータ３４は、モータ３２の駆動に用いられると共に電力ライン３８とシステムメインリレー３５とを介してバッテリ３６に接続されている。モータ３２は、電子制御ユニット７０によってインバータ３４の図示しない複数のスイッチング素子がスイッチング制御されることにより、回転駆動される。 The motor 32 is configured as, for example, a synchronous generator motor, and has a rotor connected to a drive shaft 26 that is connected to the drive wheels 22a and 22b via a differential gear 24. The inverter 34 is used to drive the motor 32 and is connected to the battery 36 via the power line 38 and the system main relay 35. The motor 32 is rotationally driven by the electronic control unit 70 controlling switching of a plurality of switching elements (not shown) of the inverter 34.

バッテリ３６は、例えばリチウムイオン二次電池やニッケル水素二次電池として構成されており、システムメインリレー３５およびインバータ３４を介してモータ３２と電力のやりとりを行なう。即ち、モータ３２を力行制御することによりバッテリ３６からの電力を用いてモータ３２から駆動用の動力を出力し、モータ３２を回生制御することによりモータ３２からの回生電力によってバッテリ３６を充電する。 The battery 36 is configured as, for example, a lithium-ion secondary battery or a nickel-hydrogen secondary battery, and exchanges electric power with the motor 32 via the system main relay 35 and the inverter 34. That is, the power running of the motor 32 is used to output driving power from the motor 32 using the electric power from the battery 36, and the motor 32 is regeneratively controlled to charge the battery 36 with the regenerative power from the motor 32.

充電用リレー５０は、車外の充電スタンド９０のスタンド側コネクタ９１に接続される車両側コネクタ５１と電力ライン３８とを接続する電力ライン５２に設けられている。充電用リレー５０は、図示しないが、正極リレーと負極リレーを備えている。 The charging relay 50 is provided in a power line 52 that connects the vehicle-side connector 51 connected to the stand-side connector 91 of the charging stand 90 outside the vehicle and the power line 38. Although not shown, the charging relay 50 includes a positive electrode relay and a negative electrode relay.

電子制御ユニット７０は、図示しないが、ＣＰＵを中心とするマイクロプロセッサとして構成されており、ＣＰＵに加えて、処理プログラムを記憶するＲＯＭや、データを一時的に記憶するＲＡＭ、フラッシュメモリ、入出力ポート、通信ポートなどを備える。 Although not shown, the electronic control unit 70 is configured as a microprocessor centered on a CPU, and in addition to the CPU, a ROM for storing a processing program, a RAM for temporarily storing data, a flash memory, an input/output. It is equipped with ports, communication ports, etc.

電子制御ユニット７０には、各種センサからの信号が入力ポートを介して入力される。電子制御ユニット７０に入力される信号としては、例えば、モータ３２の回転子の回転位置を検出する図示しない回転位置センサからのモータ３２の回転子の回転位置θｍや、モータ３２の各相の相電流を検出する図示しない電流センサからのモータ３２の各相の相電流Ｉｕ，Ｉｖ，Ｉｗを挙げることができる。また、バッテリ３６の端子間に取り付けられた電圧センサ３６ａからのバッテリ３６の電圧Ｖｂや、バッテリ３６の出力端子に取り付けられた電流センサ３６ｂからのバッテリ３６の電流Ｉｂ、バッテリ３６に取り付けられた温度センサ３６ｃからのバッテリ３６の温度Ｔｂも挙げることができる。車両側コネクタ５１がスタンド側コネクタ９１に接続されているか否かを検出する接続検出センサ５３からの接続検出信号や車両側コネクタ５１と充電用リレー５０との間の電力ライン５２に取り付けられた電圧センサ５２ａからの充電電圧Ｖｃｈｇも挙げることができる。図示しないが、さらに、イグニッションスイッチからのイグニッション信号や、シフトレバーの操作位置を検出するシフトポジションセンサからのシフトポジションＳＰ、アクセルペダルの踏み込み量を検出するアクセルペダルポジションセンサからのアクセル開度Ａｃｃ、ブレーキペダルの踏み込み量を検出するブレーキペダルポジションセンサからのブレーキペダルポジションＢＰ、車速センサからの車速Ｖなども挙げることができる。 Signals from various sensors are input to the electronic control unit 70 via an input port. The signals input to the electronic control unit 70 include, for example, the rotational position θm of the rotor of the motor 32 from a rotational position sensor (not shown) that detects the rotational position of the rotor of the motor 32, and the phase of each phase of the motor 32. The phase currents Iu, Iv, Iw of each phase of the motor 32 from a current sensor (not shown) that detects a current can be mentioned. Further, the voltage Vb of the battery 36 from the voltage sensor 36 a attached between the terminals of the battery 36, the current Ib of the battery 36 from the current sensor 36 b attached to the output terminal of the battery 36, and the temperature attached to the battery 36. The temperature Tb of the battery 36 from the sensor 36c can also be mentioned. A connection detection signal from a connection detection sensor 53 that detects whether the vehicle-side connector 51 is connected to the stand-side connector 91 or a voltage attached to the power line 52 between the vehicle-side connector 51 and the charging relay 50. The charging voltage Vchg from the sensor 52a can also be mentioned. Although not shown, an ignition signal from an ignition switch, a shift position SP from a shift position sensor that detects an operation position of a shift lever, an accelerator opening Acc from an accelerator pedal position sensor that detects a depression amount of an accelerator pedal, The brake pedal position BP from the brake pedal position sensor that detects the depression amount of the brake pedal, the vehicle speed V from the vehicle speed sensor, and the like can also be mentioned.

電子制御ユニット７０からは、各種制御信号が出力ポートを介して出力される。電子制御ユニット７０から出力される信号としては、例えば、インバータ３４への制御信号やシステムメインリレー３５への制御信号，充電用リレー５０への制御信号を挙げることができる。また、車両側コネクタ５１がスタンド側コネクタ９１に接続されているときに車両側コネクタ５１およびスタンド側コネクタ９１の通信ラインを介して充電スタンド９０に充電に必要な情報も挙げることができる。電子制御ユニット７０は、電流センサ３６ｂからのバッテリ３６の入出力電流Ｉｂの積算値に基づいてバッテリ３６の蓄電量Ｓｂや蓄電割合ＳＯＣを演算している。ここで、蓄電量Ｃｂは、バッテリ３６から放電可能な電力量であり、蓄電割合ＳＯＣは、バッテリ３６の全容量Ｃａｐに対する蓄電量Ｃｂの割合である。 Various control signals are output from the electronic control unit 70 via the output port. Examples of the signal output from the electronic control unit 70 include a control signal to the inverter 34, a control signal to the system main relay 35, and a control signal to the charging relay 50. Further, information necessary for charging the charging stand 90 through the communication line of the vehicle side connector 51 and the stand side connector 91 when the vehicle side connector 51 is connected to the stand side connector 91 can also be mentioned. The electronic control unit 70 calculates the storage amount Sb and the storage ratio SOC of the battery 36 based on the integrated value of the input/output current Ib of the battery 36 from the current sensor 36b. Here, the charged amount Cb is the amount of electric power that can be discharged from the battery 36, and the charged ratio SOC is the ratio of the charged amount Cb to the total capacity Cap of the battery 36.

こうして構成された実施例の電気自動車２０では、バッテリ５０の推定満充電容量を推定する処理を実行する電子制御ユニット７０が満充電容量推定装置に相当する。図２は、電子制御ユニット７０により実行される満充電容量推定処理の一例を示すフローチャートである。 In the thus configured electric vehicle 20 of the embodiment, the electronic control unit 70 that executes the process of estimating the estimated full charge capacity of the battery 50 corresponds to the full charge capacity estimation device. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of the full charge capacity estimation process executed by the electronic control unit 70.

満充電容量推定処理が実行されると、電子制御ユニット７０は、まず、それまでの推定満充電容量Ｍｅｓｔと使用年数Ｎｅｎとを取得する処理を実行する（ステップＳ１００）。推定満充電容量Ｍｅｓｔは最後に本処理で計算されたものであり、使用年数Ｎｅｎはバッテリ５０の使用を開始してからの年数である。これらは、電子制御ユニット７０の図示しないフラッシュメモリなどに記憶されたものを入力することにより取得するものとした。 When the full charge capacity estimation process is executed, the electronic control unit 70 first executes a process of acquiring the estimated full charge capacity Mest and the years of use Nen up to that point (step S100). The estimated full charge capacity Mest is the one finally calculated in this process, and the number of years of use Nen is the number of years since the start of using the battery 50. These are acquired by inputting the one stored in a flash memory or the like (not shown) of the electronic control unit 70.

続いて、取得した使用年数Ｎｅｎを使用年数起因満充電容量設定用マップに適用して使用年数起因満充電容量Ｍｎｅｎを導出する（ステップＳ１１０）。使用年数起因満充電容量設定用マップの一例を図３に示す。このマップは、バッテリ５０に対して実験などにより定めることができる。図示するように、使用年数Ｎｅｎが大きいほど使用年数起因満充電容量Ｍｎｅｎは小さくなる。 Subsequently, the obtained years of use Nen is applied to the full years of use-related full charge capacity setting map to derive the years of use-related full charge capacity Mnen (step S110). FIG. 3 shows an example of a map for setting the full charge capacity due to the number of years of use. This map can be set for the battery 50 by an experiment or the like. As shown in the figure, the larger the years of use Nen, the smaller the full charge capacity Menen due to the years of use.

次に、推定満充電容量Ｍｅｓｔと使用年数起因満充電容量Ｍｎｅｎとの差分が閾値Ｍｒｅｆ以上であるか否かを判定する（ステップＳ１２０）。閾値Ｍｒｅｆは、推定満充電容量Ｍｅｓｔと使用年数起因満充電容量Ｍｎｅｎとの差分として許容することができる最大値やこれより若干大きな値を用いることができる。推定満充電容量Ｍｅｓｔと使用年数起因満充電容量Ｍｎｅｎとの差分が閾値Ｍｒｅｆ未満であると判定したときには、推定満充電容量Ｍｅｓｔは適正に推定されていると判断し、本処理を終了する。 Next, it is determined whether or not the difference between the estimated full charge capacity Mest and the age-based full charge capacity Mnen is greater than or equal to the threshold value Mref (step S120). As the threshold Mref, a maximum value that can be allowed as a difference between the estimated full charge capacity Mest and the age-based full charge capacity Mnen or a value slightly larger than this can be used. When it is determined that the difference between the estimated full charge capacity Mest and the age-based full charge capacity Mnen is less than the threshold value Mref, it is determined that the estimated full charge capacity Mest is properly estimated, and this processing is ended.

ステップＳ１２０で推定満充電容量Ｍｅｓｔと使用年数起因満充電容量Ｍｎｅｎとの差分が閾値Ｍｒｅｆ以上であると判定したときには、推定満充電容量Ｍｅｓｔは不適正と判断し、この差分を充電前待期時間設定用マップに適用して充電前待期時間Ｔｗａｉｔを設定する（ステップＳ１３０）。充電前待期時間設定用マップの一例を図４に示す。図示するように、推定満充電容量Ｍｅｓｔと使用年数起因満充電容量Ｍｎｅｎとの差分が大きくなるほど長くなる傾向に充電前待期時間Ｔｗａｉｔが設定される。これは、差分が大きいほど分極の影響が大きいと考えられることに基づく。 When it is determined in step S120 that the difference between the estimated full charge capacity Mest and the age-based full charge capacity Mnen is greater than or equal to the threshold value Mref, the estimated full charge capacity Mest is determined to be inappropriate, and this difference is determined as the pre-charge waiting time. The waiting time before charging Twait is set by applying it to the setting map (step S130). FIG. 4 shows an example of the pre-charge waiting time setting map. As shown in the figure, the pre-charge waiting time Twait is set such that the larger the difference between the estimated full charge capacity Mest and the age-based full charge capacity Mnen, the longer the pre-charge waiting time Twait. This is based on the fact that the greater the difference, the greater the influence of polarization.

続いて、充電スタンド９０のスタンド側コネクタ９１が車両側コネクタ５１に接続されているのを確認し（ステップＳ１４０）、充電間待期時間Ｔｗａｉｔが経過するのを待って（ステップＳ１５０）、電圧センサ３６ａからの電圧Ｖｂを充電開始時電圧Ｖｓｔａｒｔとして取得する（ステップＳ１６０）。そして、充電スタンド９０からの電力によるバッテリ５０の充電を開始し（ステップＳ１７０）、電流センサ３６ｂからの電流Ｉｂの積算を開始する（ステップＳ１８０）。 Subsequently, it is confirmed that the stand-side connector 91 of the charging stand 90 is connected to the vehicle-side connector 51 (step S140), and waits for the inter-charge waiting time Twait to elapse (step S150). The voltage Vb from 36a is acquired as the charging start voltage Vstart (step S160). Then, the charging of the battery 50 by the electric power from the charging stand 90 is started (step S170), and the integration of the current Ib from the current sensor 36b is started (step S180).

次に、充電スタンド９０からの電力によるバッテリ５０の充電が適正に終了するのを待って（ステップＳ１９０）、電圧センサ３６ａからの電圧Ｖｂを充電終了時電圧Ｖｅｎｄとして取得し（ステップＳ２００）、取得した充電開始時電圧Ｖｓｔａｒｔと充電終了時電圧Ｖｅｎｄと積算した充電電流積算値Ｉｈとに基づいて推定満充電容量Ｍｅｓｔを計算し（ステップＳ２１０）、本処理を終了する。推定満充電容量Ｍｅｓｔの計算は、充電開始時電圧Ｖｓｔａｒｔと充電終了時電圧Ｖｅｎｄとに基づいて充電開始時の蓄電割合Ｓｓｔａｒｔと充電終了時の蓄電割合Ｓｅｎｄとを求め、充電電流積算値Ｉｈを充電前後の蓄電割合の差分（Ｓｅｎｄ−Ｓｓｔａｒｔ）で割ることによって計算することができる。充電開始時電圧Ｖｓｔａｒｔは、充電前待期時間Ｔｗａｉｔの経過によってバッテリ５０の分極が解消されているため、バッテリ５０の開放電圧ＯＣＶとみなすことができる。このため、充電開始時電圧Ｖｓｔａｒｔに基づいて充電開始時の蓄電割合Ｓｓｔａｒｔをより適正に求めることができる。この結果、推定満充電容量Ｍｅｓｔをより適正に推定することができる。 Next, after waiting for the charging of the battery 50 by the electric power from the charging stand 90 to properly end (step S190), the voltage Vb from the voltage sensor 36a is acquired as the charging end voltage Vend (step S200), and the acquisition. The estimated full charge capacity Mest is calculated based on the charging start voltage Vstart, the charging end voltage Vend, and the integrated charging current integrated value Ih (step S210), and this processing is ended. The estimated full charge capacity Mest is calculated by obtaining the storage ratio Sstart at the start of charging and the storage ratio Send at the end of charging based on the voltage Vstart at the start of charging and the voltage Vend at the end of charging, and charging the charging current integrated value Ih. It can be calculated by dividing by the difference (Send-Start) of the power storage ratio before and after. The charging start voltage Vstart can be regarded as the open circuit voltage OCV of the battery 50 because the polarization of the battery 50 has been eliminated by the pre-charge waiting time Twait. Therefore, the charge ratio Sstart at the start of charging can be more appropriately calculated based on the charge start voltage Vstart. As a result, the estimated full charge capacity Mest can be estimated more appropriately.

以上説明した実施例の電気自動車２０が搭載する満充電容量推定装置では、推定満充電容量Ｍｅｓｔと使用年数起因満充電容量Ｍｎｅｎとの差分に基づいて充電前待期時間Ｔｗａｉｔを設定し、充電前待期時間Ｔｗａｉｔが経過した後に充電開始時電圧Ｖｓｔａｒｔを取得して充電スタンド９０からの電力によるバッテリ５０の充電を開始し、充電電流Ｉｂの積算を開始する。そして、充電が終了したときに充電終了時電圧Ｖｅｎｄを取得し、充電開始時電圧Ｖｓｔａｒｔと充電終了時電圧Ｖｅｎｄと充電電流積算値Ｉｈとに基づいて推定満充電容量Ｍｅｓｔを計算する。充電開始時電圧Ｖｓｔａｒｔは、充電前待期時間Ｔｗａｉｔの経過によってバッテリ５０の分極が解消されているため、バッテリ５０の開放電圧ＯＣＶとみなすことができるため、充電開始時電圧Ｖｓｔａｒｔに基づいて充電開始時の蓄電割合Ｓｓｔａｒｔをより適正に求めることができる。この結果、推定満充電容量Ｍｅｓｔをより適正に推定することができる。また、推定満充電容量Ｍｅｓｔと使用年数起因満充電容量Ｍｎｅｎとの差分に基づいて充電前待期時間Ｔｗａｉｔを設定するから、十分な時間の待期が行なわれることによる精度の悪い推定を抑制することができ、過剰な時間の待期が行なわれることによるユーザへの違和感を与えるといった不都合を回避することができる。 In the full-charge capacity estimation device mounted on the electric vehicle 20 of the embodiment described above, the pre-charge waiting time Twait is set based on the difference between the estimated full-charge capacity Mest and the full-charge capacity Menen due to the number of years of use. After the waiting time Twait has elapsed, the charging start voltage Vstart is acquired, the charging of the battery 50 by the electric power from the charging stand 90 is started, and the integration of the charging current Ib is started. Then, when the charging is completed, the charging end voltage Vend is acquired, and the estimated full charge capacity Mest is calculated based on the charging start voltage Vstart, the charging end voltage Vend, and the charging current integrated value Ih. The charging start voltage Vstart can be regarded as the open circuit voltage OCV of the battery 50 because the polarization of the battery 50 has been eliminated as the pre-charge waiting time Twait elapses. Therefore, the charging start voltage Vstart is started based on the charging start voltage Vstart. The power storage ratio Sstart at that time can be obtained more appropriately. As a result, the estimated full charge capacity Mest can be estimated more appropriately. Further, the pre-charging waiting time Twait is set based on the difference between the estimated full charge capacity Mest and the age-based full charge capacity Mnen, so that inaccurate estimation due to a sufficient waiting time is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the inconvenience that the user feels uncomfortable due to the excessive waiting time.

実施例では、満充電容量推定装置は電気自動車２０に搭載されるものとしたが、ハイブリッド自動車に搭載されているものや、燃料電池車に搭載されるものとしてもよい。また、満充電容量推定装置は、自動車以外の移動体に搭載されるものとしてもよく、移動体以外の設備などに組み込まれるものとして構わない。 In the embodiment, the full-charge capacity estimation device is mounted on the electric vehicle 20, but may be mounted on a hybrid vehicle or a fuel cell vehicle. Further, the full-charge capacity estimation device may be installed in a moving body other than the automobile, or may be incorporated in equipment other than the moving body.

以上、本発明を実施するための形態について実施例を用いて説明したが、本発明はこうした実施例に何等限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において、種々なる形態で実施し得ることは勿論である。 Although the embodiments for carrying out the present invention have been described above with reference to the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various embodiments are possible within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention. Of course, it can be implemented.

本発明は、満充電容量推定装置の製造産業などに利用可能である。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used in the manufacturing industry of the full charge capacity estimation device and the like.

２０ 電気自動車、２２ａ，２２ｂ 駆動輪、２４ デファレンシャルギヤ、２６ 駆動軸、３２ モータ、３４ インバータ、３５ システムメインリレー、３６ バッテリ、３６ａ 電圧センサ、３６ｂ 電流センサ、３６ｃ 温度センサ、３８ 電力ライン、５０ 充電用リレー、５１ 車両側コネクタ、５２ 電力ライン、５２ａ 電圧センサ、５３ 接続検出センサ、７０ 電子制御ユニット、９０ 充電スタンド、９１ スタンド側コネクタ。 20 electric vehicle, 22a, 22b drive wheel, 24 differential gear, 26 drive shaft, 32 motor, 34 inverter, 35 system main relay, 36 battery, 36a voltage sensor, 36b current sensor, 36c temperature sensor, 38 power line, 50 charging Relay, 51 vehicle side connector, 52 power line, 52a voltage sensor, 53 connection detection sensor, 70 electronic control unit, 90 charging stand, 91 stand side connector.

Claims (1)

蓄電装置の満充電容量の推定値としての推定満充電容量を推定する満充電容量推定装置であって、
前記推定満充電容量と前記蓄電装置の使用年数に基づく使用年数起因満充電容量との差分が所定値以上のときには、前記差分に基づいて待期時間を設定し、前記蓄電装置を満充電まで充電を行なう際に、前記待期時間が経過してから充電を開始し、充電の前後の蓄電割合の差と満充電までの充電電流の積算値とに基づいて前記推定満充電容量を推定する、
ことを特徴とする満充電容量推定装置。 A full charge capacity estimation device for estimating an estimated full charge capacity as an estimated value of the full charge capacity of a power storage device,
When the difference between the estimated full charge capacity and the age-based full charge capacity based on the number of years of use of the power storage device is a predetermined value or more, a waiting time is set based on the difference, and the power storage device is charged to full charge. When performing, the charging is started after the waiting time has elapsed, and the estimated full charge capacity is estimated based on the difference between the charge ratios before and after the charging and the integrated value of the charging current until full charge,
A full charge capacity estimating device characterized by the above.
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