JP2019193524A - Solar battery charge device and solar battery charging method - Google Patents

Abstract

To storage power, generated by a solar cell module, efficiently regardless of the performance of a capacitor.SOLUTION: A solar battery charge device 10 includes a capacitor group including multiple capacitors 40, a solar cell module 12 including multiple solar cells 24, a power adjustment section 38 for adjusting the power from the solar cell module 12 and outputting to the capacitor group, a control section 36 for controlling operation of the power adjustment section 38, and a capacitor management module 44 for detecting at least one of the voltage of one or more storage battery cells out of the multiple storage battery cells of the capacitor 40, and the temperature of one or more storage battery cells out of the multiple storage battery cells. A capacitor group management module 18 pauses operation when the capacitor group is not supplying power to a load and the voltage outputted from the power adjustment section 38 to the capacitor group becomes or goes below a specified value, and when at least one of the voltage and temperature detected by the capacitor management module 44 is not normal, the control section 36 controls the power adjustment section 38 to stop charging of the capacitor group.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar battery charging device and a solar battery charging method for charging a battery with electric power generated by a solar battery module.

  Conventionally, when the electric power generated by the solar cell module is charged in a battery, the control is performed by a BMU (Battery Management Unit). The BMU controls charging / discharging of the battery, derives the amount of power stored in the battery, and controls the opening and closing of the contactor that electrically connects the battery and the load. Although much power is consumed for the operation of the BMU, the BMU must always be in an activated state during charging. For this reason, even if electric power is generated by the solar cell module, many of them are consumed for the operation of the BMU.

  The following patent document disclosed in view of the above problem discloses a solar battery charging device that causes a BMU to suspend under a predetermined condition and charge control of a power conversion module when charging a battery. . The power conversion module is a module that converts the power generated by the solar cell module and outputs it to the battery. The predetermined condition refers to a case where the storage battery is not supplying power to the load and the output voltage from the power conversion module to the storage battery is equal to or lower than the predetermined voltage. With such a solar battery charger, power consumption is reduced.

JP 2017-017824 A

  However, in the solar battery charger described in the above-mentioned patent document, the capacitor group is not monitored, and when the performance of the capacitor varies, the capacitor group is immune to the influence of the low-performance capacitor. There was a case that I could not get. For example, at the time of charging, in order to prevent other capacitors from being dragged to a low SOC (State Of Charge) capacitor and the amount of stored electricity as a whole to be reduced, the other capacitors need to be charged extra. It was.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a solar battery charging device and a solar battery charging method for efficiently storing power generated by a solar battery module regardless of the performance of the battery.

  A first aspect of the present invention is a solar battery charging device, a battery group including a plurality of battery capacitors connected in parallel, a solar battery module including a plurality of solar battery cells that receive sunlight to generate power, A power adjustment unit that adjusts the power output from the solar cell module and outputs the adjusted power to the capacitor group, a control unit that controls the operation of the power adjustment unit, and a power storage for each of the plurality of capacitors A storage battery group management module for deriving an amount and controlling charging and discharging of the storage battery group; and a voltage of one or more storage battery cells included in each of the plurality of storage batteries and each storing a quantity of electricity. A battery storage management module that detects at least one of the temperatures of one or more storage battery cells of the plurality of storage battery cells and notifies the controller of at least one of the detected voltage and temperature The storage battery group management module stops operation when the storage battery group does not supply power to a load and the voltage output from the power adjustment unit to the storage battery group is a predetermined value or less, and the control The unit controls the power adjustment unit to stop the charging of the battery group when at least one of the voltage and temperature detected by the battery management module is not normal.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage battery group including a plurality of storage batteries connected in parallel, a solar battery module including a plurality of solar battery cells that receive sunlight to generate power, and the storage of each of the plurality of storage batteries. A storage battery group management module that derives a quantity and controls charging and discharging of the storage battery group, and a solar battery charging method that is executed by the solar battery charging apparatus, and adjusts the power output from the solar battery module A power adjustment step of outputting the generated power to the storage battery group, a voltage of one or more storage battery cells and a plurality of storage batteries included in each of the storage batteries, each of which stores a quantity of electricity. A capacitor management step for detecting at least one of the temperatures of one or more storage battery cells of the cells, and the voltage and temperature detected in the capacitor management step are reduced. A control step of stopping charging of the capacitor group when one of them is not normal, the capacitor group management module is not supplying power to the load in the capacitor group, and in the power adjustment step The operation is stopped when the voltage output to the battery group is equal to or lower than a predetermined value.

  According to the present invention, the power generated by the solar cell module can be efficiently stored regardless of the performance of the battery.

It is a figure which illustrates the schematic structure of the solar cell charging device which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which illustrates about the processing content of an optimizer. It is a figure which illustrates how an optimizer outputs an electric current and a voltage. It is a figure which illustrates the flowchart of the process by the power conversion module in embodiment. It is a figure which illustrates the flowchart of the process by the power conversion module in a 1st modification. It is a figure which illustrates the flowchart of the process by the power conversion module in a 2nd modification.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a solar cell charging device and a solar cell charging method according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a solar battery charger 10 according to the present embodiment. The solar battery charger 10 includes a solar battery module 12, a power conversion module 14, a power storage unit 16, a BMU 18, and the like.

  The solar cell module 12 converts solar energy into electric energy and outputs it to the power conversion module 14. The solar cell module 12 in the present embodiment includes one or more solar cell strings 20 and an optimizer 22 connected to each of the one or more solar cell strings 20. The solar cell string 20 has a plurality of solar cells 24 connected in series.

  The solar battery cell 24 is a photodiode or the like, and converts the solar energy received on the surface into electrical energy. Electric power is generated in the solar cell string 20 by the obtained electric energy, and the electric power is output to the optimizer 22 connected to the solar cell string 20. The optimizer 22 adjusts the power output from the solar battery cell string 20 and outputs it to the power conversion module 14. Details of the processing by the optimizer 22 will be described later.

  The power conversion module 14 adjusts the electric power input from the solar cell module 12 and charges a plurality of capacitors 40 included in the power storage unit 16 and connected in parallel to each other. In addition, the battery 40 is a module including a plurality of storage battery cells. The power conversion module 14 includes a CMU (Cell Management Unit) power supply 26, a first voltage sensor 28, a first current sensor 30, a second voltage sensor 32, a second current sensor 34, a control unit 36, a power adjustment unit 38, and the like. Have.

  The CMU power supply 26 is a power supply for a CMU 44 included in the power storage unit 16, which will be described later. The CMU power supply 26 is, for example, a DCDC converter, converts DC power input from the solar cell module 12 into appropriate DC power under the control of the control unit 36, and intermittently supplies power to the CMU 44 under the control of the control unit 36. To do. As a result, the CMU 44 performs an intermittent operation.

  The first voltage sensor (first sensor) 28 detects the voltage V <b> 1 output from the solar cell module 12 to the power conversion module 14. Information of the detected voltage V1 is notified to the control unit 36. The first current sensor (first sensor) 30 detects the current A1 output from the solar cell module 12 to the power conversion module 14. Information of the detected current A1 is notified to the control unit 36.

  The second voltage sensor (second sensor) 32 detects the voltage V <b> 2 output from the power adjustment unit 38 to the power storage unit 16. Information on the detected voltage V <b> 2 is notified to the control unit 36. The voltage V2 detected by the second voltage sensor 32 is equal to a value obtained by adding the forward voltage of the diode 42 connected to the battery 40 to the voltage of the battery 40. Since the forward voltage is very small, the forward voltage will be ignored below for explanation. The second current sensor (second sensor) 34 detects the current A <b> 2 output from the power adjustment unit 38 to the power storage unit 16. Information of the detected current A2 is notified to the control unit 36.

  The controller 36 uses the voltage V2 to determine whether a plurality of capacitors 40 (also referred to as a capacitor group) included in the power storage unit 16 are fully charged, and based on the voltage V2, the power adjustment unit 38 The charging process for the battery 40 is controlled. When the voltage V2 is less than the full charge voltage of the battery group, the control unit 36 controls the power adjustment unit 38 so as to perform a charging process using an MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) method. It is assumed that the full charge voltage of the battery group is determined in advance.

  When the voltage V2 is equal to the full charge voltage of the battery group, the control unit 36 controls the power adjustment unit 38 to perform processing according to any one of a CC (Constant Current) method and a CV (Constant Voltage) method. Control.

  When operating based on the MPPT method, the power adjustment unit 38 adjusts the power output from the solar cell module 12 so that the power output to the power storage unit 16 follows the optimum operating point. In addition, when operating based on the CC method, the power adjustment unit 38 adjusts the power output from the solar cell module 12 so as to output a constant current to the power storage unit 16. The constant current corresponds to a current necessary for detecting the voltage of the battery 40 included in the power storage unit 16. The constant current is assumed to be equal to the discharge current of the battery 40.

  When operating based on the CV method, the power adjustment unit 38 adjusts the power output from the solar cell module 12 so as to output a constant voltage to the power storage unit 16. This constant voltage is equal to the voltage of each battery 40 in the fully charged state.

  The power adjustment unit 38 supplies the adjusted power to the power storage unit 16 and charges the battery 40. The power adjustment unit 38 boosts the voltage output from the solar cell module 12 when adjusting the power.

  As described above, the control unit 36 controls the CMU power supply 26 to operate the CMU 44 intermittently. The operation of the CMU 44 is executed while the power adjustment unit 38 performs the charging process based on the MPPT method when the voltage of the battery group is less than the full charge voltage. The control unit 36 according to the present embodiment includes a voltage of each storage battery cell included in the battery 40 and a group of a plurality of storage battery cells included in the battery 40 (for example, four storage batteries) while the charging process is being performed. Information of at least one of the temperature of the cell group) is acquired from the CMU 44. Note that the information acquired from the CMU 44 by the control unit 36 is the temperature of each storage battery cell included in the storage battery 40 even if the voltage of the plurality of storage battery cells included in the storage battery 40 is being charged. There may be.

  When the temperature of the storage battery cell is high, the speed of ions that carry current in the storage battery cell is large, and thus the internal resistance of the storage battery cell is small. For this reason, if the temperature of the storage battery cell is sufficiently high in the charged state, it can be estimated that a sufficiently large current flows in the storage battery cell, and the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery cell becomes sufficiently large. In addition, it can be estimated that the amount of electricity stored in the battery 40 including such a storage battery cell also increases. Moreover, when the voltage of a storage battery cell is high, it can be estimated that the storage battery cell has accumulated a large amount of electricity. On the other hand, even if charging is performed, the battery 40 cannot store the desired power if at least one of the case where the temperature of the storage battery cell continues to be low or the state where the voltage of the storage battery cell continues to be low. Can be estimated.

  Hereinafter, it is assumed that the voltage of the storage battery cell included in the battery 40 after charging by the MPPT method is a normal voltage if the voltage is equal to or higher than a desired voltage. Further, it is assumed that the temperature of the plurality of storage battery cells included in the battery 40 after charging by the MPPT method is a normal temperature if the temperature is equal to or higher than a desired temperature.

  When the voltage of the storage battery cell is not normal, the control unit 36 stops the charging process by the power adjustment unit 38. Moreover, the control part 36 stops the charging process by the electric power adjustment part 38, when the temperature of a some storage battery cell is not normal. Thereby, it is possible to prevent a situation where power is not sufficiently accumulated in the battery 40 due to being dragged to a storage battery cell that cannot store desired power. In addition, it is dragged by the battery 40 that cannot store enough power and the voltage does not reach a desired value, and the voltage of the other battery 40 connected in parallel does not increase, and sufficient power is also supplied to these other batteries 40. It is possible to prevent a situation where the data is not accumulated.

  The power storage unit 16 includes a plurality of capacitors 40, a plurality of diodes 42, a plurality of CMUs 44, a plurality of contactors 46, and the like. The plurality of capacitors 40 are connected in parallel to each other on the output side of the power conversion module 14. Each diode 42 is provided between the power conversion module 14 and each battery 40 with the direction from the power conversion module 14 to each battery 40 as a forward direction. It prevents current from flowing between 40.

  Each CMU 44 operates during the charging process of the storage battery 40 under the control of the control unit 36, and at least one of the voltage of each storage battery cell included in each storage battery 40 and the temperature of the plurality of storage battery cells included in each storage battery 40. And the control result is notified to the control unit 36. The CMU 44 is an example of a capacitor management module (CMU (Cell Management Unit)).

  Each contactor 46 is provided between each capacitor 40 and a load 48. When the contactor 46 is closed, electric power is supplied from the battery 40 to the load 48. The load 48 is, for example, an auxiliary device such as a motor serving as a power source for a transportation device on which the solar battery charging device 10 is mounted, a compressor for an air conditioner that adjusts the cabin temperature, and an audio device.

  The BMU 18 manages the battery 40 and the contactor 46. The BMU 18 is an example of a battery group management module (BMU (Battery Management Unit)). The BMU 18 in this embodiment pauses operation under a predetermined condition. The predetermined condition refers to a case where the battery group does not supply power to the load 48 and the voltage V2 detected by the second voltage sensor 32 is equal to or lower than the full charge voltage of the battery 40. The BMU 18 includes a charge / discharge control unit 50, a remaining capacity deriving unit 52, a contactor control unit 54, and the like.

  The charge / discharge control unit 50 controls charge / discharge of the battery 40. The remaining capacity deriving unit 52 derives the SOC (State of Charge) of the battery 40 by an OCV (Open Circuit Voltage) estimation method or the like. The contactor control unit 54 controls the open / closed state of the contactor 46.

  Hereinafter, the contents of the process performed by the optimizer 22 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the processing contents of the optimizer 22. In FIG. 2, the solar cell module 12 includes six solar cell strings 20, and the sixth solar cell string 20 is shown in a shaded state. It is assumed that the first to fifth solar cell strings 20 are not shaded and the solar radiation amounts of these solar cell strings 20 are equal.

  At this time, the magnitudes of the currents generated in the first to fifth solar cell strings 20 are equal, but the magnitudes of the currents generated in the sixth solar cell string 20 are from the first. It is smaller than the current generated in each of the fifth solar cell strings 20.

  Conventionally, in a method often seen, each solar cell string 20 is provided with a bypass diode, and no current flows through the shaded solar cell 24 or the solar cell string 20, so that Does not extract power. As described above, when power is not output from the shaded sixth solar cell string 20, the power output from the solar cell module 12 is output from the first to fifth solar cell strings 20. It is the total sum of each power. In this case, the voltage output from the solar cell module 12 is the sum of the voltages of the first to fifth solar cell strings 20.

  In the present embodiment, the optimizer 22 converts the current to a magnitude greater than or equal to the predetermined value when the current input from the solar cell string 20 is less than the predetermined value. Since the electric power output from the solar cell string 20 is constant even if the current is converted, the optimizer 22 reduces the voltage with the conversion of the current.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating how the optimizer 22 outputs current and voltage. When the solar cell string 20 is not shaded, the optimizer 22 adjusts each of the current and voltage output from the solar cell string 20 to the current and voltage at which the power is the optimum operating point. On the other hand, when the solar cell string 20 is shaded, the optimizer 22 converts the current output from the solar cell string 20 into a magnitude equal to the current output from the other solar cell strings 20. To do. In the present embodiment, the optimizer 22 converts the current output from the shaded solar cell string (first solar cell string) 20 into an unshaded solar cell string (second solar cell string). ) It is converted into the same magnitude as the current output from 20. With this conversion, the optimizer 22 converts the voltage output from the shaded solar cell string 20 into the voltage at the operating point in the converted current.

  In FIG. 2, the optimizer 22 converts the current output from the sixth solar cell string 20 so that the value is equal to the current generated in the other solar cell strings 20. Accordingly, the optimizer 22 reduces the voltage output from the sixth solar cell string 20.

  In this way, each optimizer 22 converts the current output from each solar cell string 20 into an equal magnitude, so that each optimizer 22 connected in series with each other has a current from all the solar cell strings 20. Electric power can be taken out.

  Thus, when the optimizer 22 is used, more power can be extracted from the solar cell module 12 than when no power is extracted from the shaded solar cell 24 or the like. In this case, the voltage output from the solar cell module 12 is the sum of the voltages output from the first to sixth solar cell strings 20, and power is extracted from the shaded solar cells 24 and the like. The voltage is higher than when there is no. For this reason, by using the optimizer 22, the voltage V1 input to the power conversion module 14 becomes higher than the voltage input to the power conversion module 14 by the conventional method.

  With the optimizer 22 in the present embodiment, the voltage V1 input to the power conversion module 14 becomes higher, the step-up ratio by the power adjustment unit 38 becomes lower, and the input / output efficiency improves.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a flowchart of processing by the power conversion module 14 in the present embodiment. In this example, the control unit 36 acquires, from the CMU 44, the voltage of each storage battery cell included in the battery 40 and the temperatures of the plurality of storage battery cells included in the battery 40, and uses these to determine the state of the battery 40. Suppose that

  When power is input from the solar cell module 12, the power adjustment unit 38 starts a charging process by the MPPT method based on the control from the control unit 36 (step S1). When the predetermined time has elapsed (step S2: YES), the control unit 36 controls the CMU power supply 26 to activate each CMU 44 (step S3).

  The control unit 36 acquires the voltage of each storage battery cell included in each capacitor 40 and the temperature of a plurality of storage battery cells included in each capacitor 40 from each CMU 44 activated in step S3. The control unit 36 determines whether or not the voltage acquired from the CMU 44 is normal (step S4). If the voltage is not normal (step S4: NO), the control unit 36 stops the charging operation of the power adjustment unit 38 (step S5). If the voltage is normal (step S4: YES), the control unit 36 determines whether or not the temperature acquired from the CMU 44 is normal (step S6). If the temperature is not normal (step S6: NO), the control unit 36 stops the charging operation of the power adjustment unit 38 (step S5). If the temperature is normal (step S6: YES), the control unit 36 controls the CMU power supply 26 to stop the CMU 44 (step S7). In addition, each process of step S4 and step S6 may be performed in reverse order, or may be performed in parallel.

  Following step S7 or when the predetermined time has not elapsed in step S2 (step S2: NO), the controller 36 determines whether or not the voltage V2 is equal to the full charge voltage (step S8). When the voltage V2 is less than the full charge voltage (step S8: NO), the process of the power conversion module 14 returns to step S1. When the voltage V2 is equal to the full charge voltage (step S8: YES), the control unit 36 controls the power adjustment unit 38 to perform charging by the CC method. In response to this, the power adjustment unit 38 performs the charging process by the CC method (step S9). At this time, the power adjustment unit 38 adjusts the power so that the current A2 output from the power conversion module 14 becomes constant.

  The constant current output from the power adjustment unit 38 is equal to the current required to detect the voltage of each battery 40. The constant current is a current discharged from the battery 40. In the charging process by the CC method, since a constant current is output from the power conversion module 14 to the power storage unit 16, the second voltage sensor 32 can always detect the voltage of each battery 40 as the voltage V2.

  When the voltage V2 is equal to the full charge voltage after execution of the charging process based on the CC method (step S9) by the power adjustment unit 38 (step S10: NO), the control unit 36 continues to the power adjustment unit 38 with the CC method. The charging process based on is executed (step S9). On the other hand, when the voltage V2 is less than the full charge voltage (step S10: YES), the control unit 36 controls the power adjustment unit 38 to perform the charging process based on the MPPT method, and the power adjustment unit 38 The charging process is performed according to (Step S1).

  In the present embodiment, when the battery group is fully charged, a charging process by the CC method is executed. At this time, the constant current input to the battery group is a current for detecting the voltage of each battery 40 and is equal to the discharge current of each battery 40. For this reason, the voltage of each battery 40 does not rise, and the voltage V2 output from the power conversion module 14 is maintained at the full charge voltage. However, when each contactor 46 is closed to drive the load 48 and the power of the battery group is consumed, the voltage of the battery group decreases. For this reason, the voltage V2 output from the power conversion module 14 is lower than the full charge voltage, and charging in the MPPT method is resumed.

  The control unit 36 and the power adjustment unit 38 can be configured by, for example, a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a memory such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) or a RAM (Random Access Memory), a DCDC converter, and the like. The processor uses the information acquired from the first voltage sensor 28, the second voltage sensor 32, etc., and performs processing using a program stored in the memory, whereby the function of the control unit 36 can be realized. The function of the power adjustment unit 38 can be realized by a DCDC converter that converts power in accordance with an instruction from.

  According to the solar battery charging device 10 according to the present embodiment, it becomes possible to detect the battery 40 that does not sufficiently store power, including storage battery cells with low performance, without using the BMU 18 that consumes a large amount of power. Processing according to the detection result is possible. Thus, the battery group can efficiently store the power generated by the solar cell module 12 without being affected by the battery 40 having low performance. Further, the power consumption can be further reduced by operating the CMU 44 intermittently.

  The optimizer 22 in the present embodiment also outputs power from the shaded solar cell string 20 unlike the conventional method. Thereby, since the voltage output from the solar cell module 12 becomes higher than the conventional case, the load in the voltage boost by the power adjustment unit 38 is reduced.

[First Modification]
The processing executed by the power conversion module 14 includes the following processing in addition to the case in the above embodiment. Hereinafter, the processing flow will be described. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a flowchart of processing by the power conversion module 14 in the first modification.

  When power is input from the solar cell module 12, the power adjustment unit 38 starts a charging process by the MPPT method based on the control from the control unit 36 (step S20). When the predetermined time has elapsed (step S21: YES), the control unit 36 controls the CMU power supply 26 to activate each CMU 44 (step S22).

  The control unit 36 acquires the voltage of each storage battery cell included in each capacitor 40 and the temperature of a plurality of storage battery cells included in each capacitor 40 from each CMU 44 activated in step S22. The control unit 36 determines whether or not the voltage acquired from the CMU 44 is normal (step S23). If the voltage is not normal (step S23: NO), the control unit 36 stops the charging operation of the power adjustment unit 38 (step S24). If the voltage is normal (step S23: YES), the control unit 36 determines whether or not the temperature acquired from the CMU 44 is normal (step S25). If the temperature is not normal (step S25: NO), the control unit 36 stops the charging operation of the power adjustment unit 38 (step S24). If the temperature is normal (step S25: YES), the control unit 36 controls the CMU power supply 26 to stop the CMU 44 (step S26). In addition, each process of step S23 and step S25 may be performed in reverse order, or may be performed in parallel.

  Following step S26 or when the predetermined time has not elapsed in step S21 (step S21: NO), the control unit 36 determines whether or not the voltage V2 is equal to the full charge voltage (step S27). When the voltage V2 is less than the full charge voltage (step S27: NO), the process of the power conversion module 14 returns to step S20. When the voltage V2 is equal to the full charge voltage (step S27: YES), the control unit 36 controls the power adjustment unit 38 to perform charging by the CV method. In response to this, the power adjustment unit 38 performs a charging process by the CV method (step S28). At this time, the power adjustment unit 38 adjusts the power so that the output voltage of the power conversion module 14 is constant.

  The constant voltage that is adjusted and output by the power adjustment unit 38 is equal to the full charge voltage. Note that a dark current that can be generated even when the battery 40 is in an unloaded state or a current that compensates for a voltage drop due to other consumption is output from the power conversion module 14 even in the case of the CV method, and is expressed as a current A2. Detected. The controller 36 determines whether or not the current A2 output from the power conversion module 14 is greater than the threshold value after charging in the CV method (step S29). This threshold value is larger than the dark current in the battery group.

  If the current A2 is less than or equal to the threshold value (step S29: NO), the control unit 36 causes the power adjustment unit 38 to continue the charging process based on the CV method (step S28). On the other hand, when the current A2 is larger than the threshold (step S29: YES), the control unit 36 controls the power adjustment unit 38 to perform the charging process based on the MPPT method, and the power adjustment unit 38 responds accordingly. The charging process is performed (step S20).

  In the first modification, charging based on the CV method is performed when the battery group is fully charged, and a full charge voltage is applied to the battery group during charging in the CV system. However, when the contactor 46 is closed to drive the load 48 and the power of the battery group is consumed, the voltage of the battery group decreases, and thus the current A2 output from the power conversion module 14 increases. When the current A2 becomes larger than the threshold value, the MPPT charging (step S20) is resumed.

[Second Modification]
The processing executed by the power conversion module 14 includes the following processing in addition to the case in the above embodiment. Hereinafter, the processing flow will be described. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a flowchart of processing by the power conversion module 14 in the second modification.

  When power is input from the solar cell module 12, the power adjustment unit 38 starts the MPPT charging process based on the control from the control unit 36 (step S30). When the predetermined time has elapsed (step S31: YES), the control unit 36 controls the CMU power supply 26 to activate each CMU 44 (step S32).

  The control unit 36 acquires the voltage of each storage battery cell included in each capacitor 40 and the temperature of the plurality of storage battery cells included in each capacitor 40 from each CMU 44 activated in step S32. The control unit 36 determines whether or not the voltage acquired from the CMU 44 is normal (step S33). If the voltage is not normal (step S33: NO), the control unit 36 stops the charging operation of the power adjustment unit 38 (step S34). If the voltage is normal (step S33: YES), the control unit 36 determines whether or not the temperature acquired from the CMU 44 is normal (step S35). If the temperature is not normal (step S35: NO), the control unit 36 stops the charging operation of the power adjustment unit 38 (step S34). If the temperature is normal (step S35: YES), the control unit 36 controls the CMU power supply 26 to stop the CMU 44 (step S36). In addition, each process of step S33 and step S35 may be performed in reverse order, or may be performed in parallel.

  Following step S36 or when the predetermined time has not elapsed in step S31 (step S31: NO), the control unit 36 determines whether or not the voltage V2 is equal to the full charge voltage (step S37). When the voltage V2 is less than the full charge voltage (step S37: NO), the process of the power conversion module 14 returns to step S30. When the voltage V2 is equal to the full charge voltage (step S37: YES), the control unit 36 controls the power adjustment unit 38 to stop charging, and the power adjustment unit 38 stops the charging process accordingly (step S37). S38).

  The control unit 36 derives the power output from the solar cell module 12 from the voltage V1 and current A1 output from the solar cell module 12, and determines whether this power is 0 (step S39). If the power from the solar cell module 12 is 0 (step S39: YES), the power conversion module 14 ends the process.

  When the power from the solar cell module 12 is not 0 (step S39: NO), the control unit 36 determines whether or not the voltage V2 is, for example, a certain value or less (step S40). This constant voltage is assumed to be the lower limit value of the voltage at which current flows through the diode 42. In the second modification, this constant voltage is 1V. While the current flows through the diode 42, the control unit 36 can detect the voltage of the battery group.

  When voltage V2 is 1 V or less (step S40: YES), control unit 36 cannot detect the voltage of the battery group. For this reason, the control part 36 returns a process to step S30, and controls the electric power adjustment part 38 to perform the charge process by a MPPT system.

  If the voltage V2 is greater than 1V (step S40: NO), it means that the remaining voltage is being output to the battery group, so the control unit 36 controls the power adjustment unit 38 to stop charging again. Processing is executed (step S38).

[Technical idea obtained from the embodiment]
The technical idea that can be grasped from the above embodiment will be described below.

<First technical idea>
The solar battery charging device 10 is output from the battery group including a plurality of batteries 40 connected in parallel, the solar battery module 12 including a plurality of solar cells 24 that receive sunlight to generate power, and the solar battery module 12. The power adjustment unit 38 that adjusts the electric power and outputs the adjusted electric power to the group of capacitors, the control unit 36 that controls the operation of the power adjustment unit 38, and the amount of electricity stored in each of the plurality of capacitors 40 The battery group management module 18 that controls charging and discharging, and the voltage of one or more storage battery cells and the storage battery cells included in each of the plurality of storage batteries 40, each of which stores the amount of electricity. A capacitor management module 44 that detects at least one of the temperatures of the one or more storage battery cells and notifies the controller 36 of at least one of the detected voltage and temperature; The electric appliance group management module 18 suspends operation when the electric storage group does not supply power to the load, and the voltage output from the electric power adjustment unit 38 to the electric storage group is equal to or lower than a predetermined value. When at least one of the voltage and temperature detected by the module 44 is not normal, the power adjustment unit 38 is controlled to stop charging the battery group.

  Thereby, the electric power generated by the solar cell module 12 can be efficiently stored regardless of the performance of the battery 40.

  In the solar battery charging device 10, the predetermined value may be the value of the full charge voltage of the battery group. Thereby, while the electric power adjustment part 38 charges the electrical storage device 40, the electric power consumption by BMU18 can be suppressed.

  The power adjustment unit 38 in the solar battery charger 10 converts the power output from the solar cell module 12 into the power at the optimum operating point when the voltage output from the power adjustment unit 38 to the battery group is equal to or lower than a predetermined value. Then, the converted power may be output to the battery group. Thereby, the electric power input from the solar cell module 12 can be freely controlled.

  When a part of the plurality of solar cells 24 is shaded, the solar battery charger 10 shades the current acquired from the first solar cell string 20 including the shaded solar cells 24. Electric power generated by the plurality of solar cells 24 by converting the current obtained from the second solar cell string 20 that does not include the shaded solar cells 24 including the non-solar solar cells 24 into the same magnitude May be provided to the power adjusting unit 38. Thereby, a higher voltage can be output from the solar cell module 12, and the boosting load by the power adjustment unit 38 can be reduced.

  The optimizer 22 in the solar battery charger 10 may convert the current acquired from the first solar cell string 20 into a magnitude equal to the current acquired from the second solar cell string 20. Thereby, a higher voltage can be output from the solar cell module 12, and the boosting load by the power adjustment unit 38 can be reduced.

  The optimizer 22 in the solar battery charger 10 may adjust the power acquired from the second solar battery cell string 20 to the power at the optimum operating point and output it to the power adjusting unit 38. Thereby, the maximum electric power can be taken out from the second solar cell string 20 that is not shaded.

  The solar cell charging device 10 includes first sensors 28 and 30 that detect at least one of a current and a voltage output from the solar cell module 12 to the power adjustment unit 38, and a current output from the power adjustment unit 38 to the battery group. You may provide the 2nd sensors 32 and 34 which detect at least one of a voltage. Thereby, the solar cell charging device 10 acquires at least one of the current and voltage output from the solar cell module 12 to the power adjustment unit 38 and at least one of the current and voltage output from the power adjustment unit 38 to the battery group. it can.

<Second technical idea>
An accumulator group including a plurality of accumulators 40 connected in parallel, a solar cell module 12 including a plurality of solar cells 24 that receives sunlight to generate electric power, and a plurality of accumulators 40 for deriving respective accumulator amounts The solar battery charging method executed by the solar battery charging device 10 including the battery group management module 18 that controls charging / discharging of the group adjusts the power output from the solar battery module 12 and supplies the adjusted power to the battery group. The power adjustment step to output, the voltage of one or more storage battery cells among the plurality of storage battery cells that are included in each of the plurality of capacitors 40 and store the amount of electricity, and one or more storage battery cells of the plurality of storage battery cells The capacitor management step for detecting at least one of the temperatures of the battery, and at least one of the voltage and temperature detected in the capacitor management step is not normal And the control step of stopping the charging of the capacitor group, the capacitor group management module 18 does not supply power to the load, and the voltage output to the capacitor group in the power adjustment step When is less than or equal to a predetermined value, the operation is paused.

  Thereby, the electric power generated by the solar cell module 12 can be efficiently stored regardless of the performance of the battery 40.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Solar cell charging device 12 ... Solar cell module 14 ... Power conversion module 16 ... Power storage unit 18 ... Battery group management module (BMU) 20 ... Solar cell string 22 ... Optimizer 24 ... Solar cell 26 ... CMU power supply 28 ... No. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Voltage sensor 30 ... 1st current sensor 32 ... 2nd voltage sensor 34 ... 2nd current sensor 36 ... Control part 38 ... Electric power adjustment part 40 ... Capacitor 42 ... Diode 44 ... Capacitor management module (CMU)
46 ... contactor 48 ... load 50 ... charge / discharge control unit 52 ... remaining capacity deriving unit 54 ... contactor control unit A1, A2 ... current V1, V2 ... voltage

Claims (8)

A group of capacitors including a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel;
A solar cell module including a plurality of solar cells that generates power by receiving sunlight; and
Adjusting the power output from the solar cell module, and outputting the adjusted power to the battery group;
A control unit for controlling the operation of the power adjustment unit;
Deriving the amount of electricity stored in each of the plurality of capacitors, a capacitor group management module for controlling charge / discharge of the capacitor group;
The voltage of one or more storage battery cells among the plurality of storage battery cells, each of which is included in each of the plurality of power storage units and stores the amount of electricity, and the temperature of one or more storage battery cells of the plurality of storage battery cells, A capacitor management module that detects at least one and notifies the controller of at least one of the detected voltage and temperature;
With
The battery group management module pauses operation when the battery group does not supply power to a load, and the voltage output to the battery group by the power adjustment unit is a predetermined value or less,
The said control part is a solar cell charging device which controls the said electric power adjustment part and stops the charge to the said condenser group, when at least one of the voltage and temperature which the said condenser management module detected is not normal. It is a solar cell charging device of Claim 1, Comprising:
The solar cell charging apparatus, wherein the predetermined value is a value of a full charge voltage of the battery group. The solar cell charging device according to claim 1 or 2,
The power adjustment unit converts the power output from the solar cell module into power at an optimum operating point when the voltage output to the battery group by the power adjustment unit is equal to or less than the predetermined value, and after the conversion A solar battery charger that outputs the electric power of the battery to the battery group. It is a solar cell charging device of any one of Claims 1-3,
In the case where some of the plurality of solar cells are shaded, the current obtained from the first solar cell string including the shaded solar cells and the solar cells not shaded are included. An optimizer that converts the current obtained from the second solar cell string not including the shaded solar cell into an equal magnitude and outputs the power generated by the plurality of solar cells to the power adjustment unit. A solar battery charging device. The solar battery charger according to claim 4,
The said optimizer is a solar cell charger which converts the electric current acquired from the said 1st photovoltaic cell string into the magnitude | size equal to the electric current acquired from the said 2nd photovoltaic cell string. The solar battery charger according to claim 4 or 5,
The said optimizer adjusts the electric power acquired from the said 2nd photovoltaic cell string to the electric power in an optimal operating point, and is output to the said electric power adjustment part, The solar cell charging device. It is a solar cell charging device of any one of Claims 1-6,
A first sensor that detects at least one of a current and a voltage output from the solar cell module to the power adjustment unit; and a second sensor that detects at least one of a current and a voltage output from the power adjustment unit to the battery group. A solar battery charger comprising a sensor. A storage battery group including a plurality of storage batteries connected in parallel, a solar battery module including a plurality of solar battery cells that generate power by receiving sunlight, and a storage capacity of the storage battery group by deriving a storage amount of each of the storage batteries. A storage battery group management module for controlling discharge, and a solar battery charging method executed by a solar battery charger comprising:
Adjusting the power output from the solar cell module and outputting the adjusted power to the battery group; and
The voltage of one or more storage battery cells among the plurality of storage battery cells, each of which is included in each of the plurality of power storage units and stores the amount of electricity, and the temperature of one or more storage battery cells of the plurality of storage battery cells, A capacitor management step of detecting at least one;
A control step of stopping charging to the capacitor group when at least one of the voltage and temperature detected in the capacitor management step is not normal;
Including
The storage battery group management module pauses operation when the storage battery group does not supply power to a load and the voltage output to the storage battery group in the power adjustment step is equal to or lower than a predetermined value. Battery charging method.

Images