JP2012186234A - Photovoltaic power generator - Google Patents

Photovoltaic power generator Download PDF

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JP2012186234A
JP2012186234A JP2011047052A JP2011047052A JP2012186234A JP 2012186234 A JP2012186234 A JP 2012186234A JP 2011047052 A JP2011047052 A JP 2011047052A JP 2011047052 A JP2011047052 A JP 2011047052A JP 2012186234 A JP2012186234 A JP 2012186234A
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power generation
solar
sunlight
solar cell
generation mode
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JP5615209B2 (en
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Masakazu Kobayashi
正和 小林
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TECHNO KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM KK
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a photovoltaic power generator capable of efficiently ensuring a constant amount of photovoltaic power generation even during time of day when photovoltaic energy is low.SOLUTION: A photovoltaic power generator 1 comprises: a plurality of solar cell panels 2; a plurality of sunlight reflection plates 4 on which sunlight is reflected so as to be projected on the solar cell panels 2; a reflection plate drive unit 5 which changes the angle of reflection surfaces of the sunlight reflection plates 4; a tilt control unit 7 which drives the reflection plate drive unit 5 in conjunction with the solar azimuth, thereby controlling the tilt of the sunlight reflection plates 4; and a power generation mode control unit 8 which drives the reflection plate drive unit 5 to select between a first power generation mode for causing the sunlight reflection plates 4 to project the sunlight on each of the plurality of solar cell panels 2, and a second power generation mode for intensively projecting the sunlight on a specific one of the solar cell panels 2.

Description

本発明は、太陽光発電装置に係り、特に、複数の太陽電池パネル及び太陽光反射板を用いた太陽光発電装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a solar power generation device, and more particularly to a solar power generation device using a plurality of solar battery panels and a solar light reflector.

太陽電池とは、光起電力効果を利用し、受光した光エネルギーを即時に電気に変換する電力機器をいう。この太陽電池の内部に入射した光エネルギーは、電子によって直接的に吸収され、予め設けられた電界に導かれ、電力として太陽電池の外部に出力される。そして、太陽電池セルを複数枚直並列接続して必要な電圧と電流を得られるようにしたパネル状の製品単体は太陽電池パネルと呼ばれる。   A solar cell refers to a power device that uses the photovoltaic effect to immediately convert received light energy into electricity. The light energy incident on the inside of the solar cell is directly absorbed by electrons, guided to an electric field provided in advance, and output as electric power to the outside of the solar cell. A panel-like product unit in which a plurality of solar cells are connected in series and parallel to obtain necessary voltages and currents is called a solar cell panel.

太陽電池パネルを用いた太陽電池発電システムについてはいくつかの技術が考案されている。例えば特許文献１には、高い発電効率と低発電コストを両立させた太陽光エネルギー利用装置が開示されている。ここでは、巨大な集光光学系を構成して太陽電池パネルで太陽光発電をしつつ、ホットミラーで焦点に集光された太陽光成分を用いて熱電変換機において太陽熱発電を行うことが記載されている。   Several technologies have been devised for solar cell power generation systems using solar cell panels. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a solar energy utilization device that achieves both high power generation efficiency and low power generation cost. Here, it is described that solar power generation is performed in a thermoelectric converter using a solar component condensed at a focal point by a hot mirror while constituting a huge condensing optical system and generating solar power with a solar cell panel. Has been.

また、特許文献２には、太陽電池等の設置面積が小さくとも大きな光電変換出力を取り出すことができる光エネルギー収集装置が開示されている。ここでは、太陽光は凹面鏡により反射されて集光し、コールドミラーが、集光された光を入射してこの光に含まれる可視光を反射して赤外光を透過する。そして、太陽電池は可視光を受光して光起電力を発生することが記載されている。   Patent Document 2 discloses a light energy collecting device that can extract a large photoelectric conversion output even if the installation area of a solar cell or the like is small. Here, sunlight is reflected and collected by the concave mirror, and the cold mirror enters the collected light, reflects visible light contained in this light, and transmits infrared light. And it is described that a solar cell receives visible light and generate | occur | produces a photovoltaic power.

特開２００９−２１８３８３号公報JP 2009-218383 A 特開２０１０−９７９７３号公報JP 2010-97973 A

太陽電池パネルを用いた発電は、太陽光のエネルギーが低下する雨天時や曇天時、夕闇時、或いは夜間時にいかに効率的に発電量を確保できるかが問題となる。すなわち、太陽電池パネルを用いて発電した電力は照明に用いられる場合が多く、太陽光自体のエネルギーが低下する際に需要が高まるからである。この対策として電力を蓄電して使用することが考えられるが、蓄電設備を要すること、或いは電力のロスが発生するなどの問題がある。   A problem with power generation using solar cell panels is how efficiently the amount of power generation can be secured during rainy or cloudy weather, when the sun is low, at dusk, or at night. That is, the electric power generated using the solar cell panel is often used for illumination, and the demand increases when the energy of sunlight itself decreases. As a countermeasure, it is conceivable to store and use electric power. However, there are problems such as requiring an electric storage facility or a loss of electric power.

屋根などに設置する太陽電池パネルであるソーラパネルの場合には、太陽光のエネルギーが低下する雨天時や曇天時、夕闇時、或いは夜間時には、電力会社から供給される電力により補うことが可能である。しかし、台風や地震などの災害時に現場に持ち込まれる緊急用の太陽電池パネルの場合には、そもそも通常の電力供給が断絶しているために供給される場合が多く、その太陽電池パネルによりいかに効率的に発電量を確保するかが問題となる。   In the case of solar panels, which are solar panels installed on the roof, etc., it can be supplemented by electric power supplied by the power company during rainy or cloudy weather, when the sun is falling, at dusk, or at night. is there. However, in the case of an emergency solar panel that is brought into the field in the event of a disaster such as a typhoon or earthquake, it is often supplied because the normal power supply is interrupted in the first place. The problem is whether to secure the amount of power generation.

本願の目的は、かかる課題を解決し、太陽光のエネルギーが低い時間帯であっても太陽光による一定の発電量を効率的に確保できる簡易で運搬可能な太陽光発電装置を提供することである。   The purpose of the present application is to solve this problem and to provide a simple and transportable solar power generation device that can efficiently secure a certain amount of power generation by sunlight even in a time zone when the energy of solar light is low. is there.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明に係る太陽光発電装置は、複数の太陽電池パネルと、太陽光を反射させて太陽電池パネルに投射する複数の太陽光反射板と、太陽光反射板の反射面の角度を変化させる反射板駆動部と、太陽の方位に追従して、反射板駆動部を駆動させて太陽光反射板の傾きを制御する傾き制御部と、複数の太陽電池パネルにそれぞれ太陽光を投射する第１の発電モードと、特定の太陽電池パネルに太陽光を集中して投射する第２の発電モードと、を選択して反射板駆動部を駆動させる発電モード制御部と、を備えることを特徴とする。これにより、太陽光発電装置は、複数の太陽電池パネルと、それに向かって太陽光を反射させて投射する複数の太陽光反射板とにより太陽光による発電を効率的に確保することができる。そして、例えば太陽光エネルギーが低下する夜間や曇天の際には太陽光エネルギーが低下し、太陽電池パネルの発電効率が極端に低下するが、発電モード制御部が、特定の太陽電池パネルに太陽光を集中して投射させる第２の発電モードを選択することで太陽光による発電を効率的に行うことができる。   In order to achieve the above object, a photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to the present invention includes a plurality of solar battery panels, a plurality of solar light reflectors that reflect sunlight and project it onto the solar battery panel, and the reflection of the solar light reflectors. A reflector driving unit that changes the angle of the surface, an inclination control unit that controls the inclination of the solar reflector by driving the reflector driving unit following the sun's direction, and a plurality of solar cell panels. A power generation mode control unit that selects a first power generation mode for projecting light and a second power generation mode for concentrating and projecting sunlight on a specific solar battery panel to drive the reflector driving unit. It is characterized by providing. Thereby, the solar power generation device can efficiently secure power generation by sunlight by the plurality of solar battery panels and the plurality of solar light reflecting plates that project and reflect sunlight toward the solar cell panel. And, for example, at night when the solar energy decreases or when it is cloudy, the solar energy decreases and the power generation efficiency of the solar cell panel decreases extremely. By selecting the second power generation mode for projecting light in a concentrated manner, power generation by sunlight can be efficiently performed.

また、太陽光発電装置は、発電モード制御部が、太陽電池パネルの所定の電圧が予め定められた値以上である場合には第１の発電モードを選択し、太陽電池パネルの所定の電圧が予め定められた値を下回ると第２の発電モードに切り替えることが好ましい。これにより、第１の発電モードと第２の発電モードとの切り替えを効率的に判断することができる。   In the photovoltaic power generation device, the power generation mode control unit selects the first power generation mode when the predetermined voltage of the solar cell panel is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and the predetermined voltage of the solar cell panel is When it falls below a predetermined value, it is preferable to switch to the second power generation mode. Thereby, it is possible to efficiently determine switching between the first power generation mode and the second power generation mode.

また、太陽光発電装置は、第１の発電モードでは、各太陽光反射板は、それぞれ対となる太陽電池パネルに対して太陽光を投射することが好ましい。これにより、太陽光エネルギーが十分に得られる際には、複数の太陽電池パネル全体に太陽光を投射させることで、太陽光による発電を効率的に行うことができる。   Moreover, it is preferable that a solar power generation device projects sunlight with respect to the solar cell panel which each solar light reflecting plate makes a pair in 1st electric power generation mode, respectively. Thereby, when sunlight energy is sufficiently obtained, it is possible to efficiently generate power by sunlight by projecting sunlight on the plurality of solar cell panels as a whole.

また、太陽光発電装置は、第２の発電モードでは、発電モード制御部が、各太陽電池パネルの電圧値を参照して太陽光を集中する太陽電池パネルを決定することが好ましい。これにより、発電モード制御部は、第２の発電モードにおいて、各太陽電池パネルの電圧値から最適な太陽光の振り分け方法を決定することができる。   In the second power generation mode, the solar power generation apparatus preferably determines a solar cell panel on which sunlight is concentrated with reference to the voltage value of each solar cell panel. Thereby, the power generation mode control unit can determine an optimal sunlight distribution method from the voltage value of each solar cell panel in the second power generation mode.

また、太陽光発電装置は、太陽の方位を検知する太陽位置センサーを備え、傾き制御部が、太陽位置センサーにより検出された太陽の方位に追従して反射板駆動部を駆動させ、各太陽光反射板の傾きを制御することが好ましい。これにより、太陽光発電装置に設置された少なくとも３つの位置センサーが検出した太陽光エネルギーのばらつきから太陽の方位が算出され、平面上の２方向に傾斜可能な架台を太陽の方位に向かって傾斜させることができる。その結果、太陽光発電装置を常に発電効率の良い方位に向けることができる。   Further, the solar power generation device includes a solar position sensor that detects the azimuth of the sun, and the tilt control unit drives the reflector driving unit to follow the azimuth of the sun detected by the solar position sensor. It is preferable to control the inclination of the reflector. As a result, the azimuth of the sun is calculated from variations in the solar energy detected by at least three position sensors installed in the photovoltaic power generation device, and the platform that can be tilted in two directions on the plane is tilted toward the azimuth of the sun. Can be made. As a result, the solar power generation device can be always directed in a direction with good power generation efficiency.

以上のように、本発明に係る太陽光発電装置によれば、太陽光のエネルギーが低い時間帯であっても太陽光による一定の発電量を効率的に確保できる太陽光発電装置を提供することができる。   As described above, according to the photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a photovoltaic power generation apparatus that can efficiently secure a certain amount of power generated by sunlight even when the energy of sunlight is low. Can do.

本発明に係る太陽光発電装置の１つの実施形態の概略構成を示す側面図及びブロック図である。It is the side view and block diagram which show schematic structure of one Embodiment of the solar power generation device which concerns on this invention. 第１発電モードである場合の太陽光発電装置の配置及び太陽光の放射方向を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning of the solar power generation device in the case of 1st electric power generation mode, and the radiation | emission direction of sunlight. 第２発電モードである場合の太陽光発電装置の配置及び太陽光の放射方向を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning of the solar power generation device in the case of 2nd electric power generation mode, and the radiation | emission direction of sunlight. 太陽光発電装置の配置及び太陽光の放射方向について、他の実施形態を示す側面図及びブロック図である。It is the side view and block diagram which show other embodiment about the arrangement | positioning of a solar power generation device, and the radiation direction of sunlight. 放射照度に対する太陽光発電の発電効率を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the power generation efficiency of the solar power generation with respect to irradiance.

（太陽光発電装置の構成）
以下に、図面を用いて本発明に係る太陽光発電装置の実施形態につき、詳細に説明する。図１に、太陽光発電装置１の１つの実施形態の概略構成を側面図及びブロック図で示す。 (Configuration of solar power generator)
Below, it demonstrates in detail about embodiment of the solar power generation device which concerns on this invention using drawing. In FIG. 1, the schematic structure of one Embodiment of the solar power generation device 1 is shown with a side view and a block diagram.

太陽光発電装置１は、太陽電池パネル２、太陽光反射板４、反射板駆動部５、太陽位置センサー６、傾き制御部７、発電モード制御部８、電圧計測部９から構成される。太陽電池パネル２は、本実施形態では、パネル保持部３により保持され、地面に対して略垂直に立て掛けられるが、この構成に限らず、例えば、太陽電池パネル２が壁に取り付けられるなどの他の構成であっても良い。すなわち、太陽電池パネル２は、太陽電池パネル２に内蔵される太陽光発電部（太陽電池セル）１０が、太陽光反射板４により反射される太陽光の方向に向いていれば良い。また、各太陽電池パネル２には、電圧計測部９が備えられ、電圧値が計測される。   The solar power generation device 1 includes a solar cell panel 2, a solar light reflector 4, a reflector drive unit 5, a solar position sensor 6, a tilt control unit 7, a power generation mode control unit 8, and a voltage measurement unit 9. In the present embodiment, the solar cell panel 2 is held by the panel holding unit 3 and leans substantially perpendicular to the ground. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, the solar cell panel 2 is attached to a wall. It may be configured as follows. In other words, the solar battery panel 2 only needs to be oriented in the direction of sunlight in which the solar power generation unit (solar battery cell) 10 built in the solar battery panel 2 is reflected by the solar light reflector 4. Each solar cell panel 2 is provided with a voltage measuring unit 9 to measure a voltage value.

太陽電池パネル２には、太陽光発電部（太陽電池セル）１０が組み込まれ、太陽光反射板４により反射して投射された太陽光により発電を行う。また、反射板駆動部５は、太陽光反射板４の反射面の角度を変化させる。この太陽光反射板４の反射面の角度変化は、２つの制御部である、傾き制御部７及び発電モード制御部８によりそれぞれ独立して行われる。すなわち、傾き制御部７は、太陽の方位に追従し、反射板駆動部５を駆動させて太陽光反射板４の傾きを制御する。これにより、太陽電池パネル２を常に発電効率の良い方位に向けることができる。また、発電モード制御部８は、後述するように、複数の太陽電池パネル２にそれぞれ太陽光を投射する第１発電モードと、特定の太陽電池パネル２に太陽光を集中して投射する第２発電モードとを選択する。   A solar power generation unit (solar battery cell) 10 is incorporated in the solar cell panel 2, and power is generated by the sunlight reflected and projected by the solar light reflector 4. In addition, the reflector driving unit 5 changes the angle of the reflecting surface of the sunlight reflector 4. The angle change of the reflection surface of the sunlight reflecting plate 4 is independently performed by the two control units, that is, the inclination control unit 7 and the power generation mode control unit 8. That is, the tilt control unit 7 follows the sun direction and drives the reflector driving unit 5 to control the tilt of the sunlight reflecting plate 4. Thereby, the solar cell panel 2 can be always directed to a direction with good power generation efficiency. Moreover, the power generation mode control unit 8, as will be described later, a first power generation mode in which sunlight is projected onto each of the plurality of solar cell panels 2, and a second in which sunlight is concentrated and projected onto a specific solar cell panel 2. Select the power generation mode.

図２に、第１発電モードである場合の太陽光発電装置１の構成を示し、図３に、第２発電モードである場合の太陽光発電装置１の構成を示す。図２に示すように、第１発電モードでは、太陽光反射板４ａ，４ｂ，４ｃは、それぞれ対となる太陽電池パネル２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃに対してそれぞれ太陽光を投射する。また、図３に示すように、本実施形態の第２発電モードでは、太陽光反射板４ａ及び太陽光反射板４ｃが、太陽電池パネル２ｂに向けて太陽光を反射するように傾斜し、特定の太陽電池パネル２ｂに太陽光を集中して投射する。   FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the solar power generation device 1 in the first power generation mode, and FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the solar power generation device 1 in the second power generation mode. As shown in FIG. 2, in the first power generation mode, the sunlight reflecting plates 4a, 4b, and 4c project sunlight to the solar cell panels 2a, 2b, and 2c that form a pair, respectively. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, in the second power generation mode of the present embodiment, the solar reflector 4a and the solar reflector 4c are tilted so as to reflect sunlight toward the solar cell panel 2b, and are specified. The sunlight is concentrated and projected on the solar cell panel 2b.

発電モード制御部８は、電圧計測部９で計測した太陽電池パネル２の所定の電圧が予め定められた値以上である場合には第１発電モードを選択し、電圧計測部９で計測した太陽電池パネル２の所定の電圧が予め定められた値を下回ると第２発電モードに切り替える。これにより、第１の発電モードと第２の発電モードとの切り替えを効率的に判断することができる。   The power generation mode control unit 8 selects the first power generation mode when the predetermined voltage of the solar battery panel 2 measured by the voltage measurement unit 9 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and the solar power measured by the voltage measurement unit 9 When the predetermined voltage of the battery panel 2 falls below a predetermined value, the mode is switched to the second power generation mode. Thereby, it is possible to efficiently determine switching between the first power generation mode and the second power generation mode.

この第１発電モードとは、太陽光エネルギーが高い晴天時などに太陽電池パネル２ａ,２ｂ,２ｃ全体にほぼ一様に太陽光を投射させる場合である。一方、第２発電モードとは、太陽光エネルギーが低下する雨天時や曇天時、夕闇時、或いは夜間時には、太陽電池パネル２ａ,２ｂ,２ｃ全体にほぼ一様に太陽光を投射させると各太陽電池パネル２ａ,２ｂ,２ｃの発電効率が極端に低下するため、全体的に効率的な発電量が得られない場合に切り替えられるモードである。つまり、太陽光エネルギーを限定された太陽電池パネル２ｂに集光させることで発電効率を上げるのである。   This 1st electric power generation mode is a case where sunlight is projected on the whole solar cell panel 2a, 2b, 2c substantially uniformly at the time of fine weather with high sunlight energy. On the other hand, in the second power generation mode, the solar panels 2a, 2b, and 2c are projected almost uniformly on the entire solar cell panels 2a, 2b, and 2c during rainy weather, cloudy weather, dusk, or nighttime when the solar energy decreases. Since the power generation efficiency of the battery panels 2a, 2b, and 2c is extremely reduced, the mode is switched when the overall power generation amount cannot be obtained. That is, the power generation efficiency is increased by concentrating solar energy on the limited solar cell panel 2b.

図４に、太陽光発電装置の配置及び太陽光の放射方向について、他の実施形態を示す。この実施形態では、平面上で太陽光反射板４ａ,４ｂ,４ｃの列と異なる列に太陽光反射板４ｄ,４ｅが配置され、全部で５台の太陽光反射板４ａ，４ｂ，４ｃ，４ｄ,４ｅが、太陽電池パネル２ａ,２ｂ,２ｃに対向する。   In FIG. 4, other embodiment is shown about the arrangement | positioning of a solar power generation device, and the radiation | emission direction of sunlight. In this embodiment, the sunlight reflecting plates 4d, 4e are arranged in a row different from the row of the sunlight reflecting plates 4a, 4b, 4c on the plane, and a total of five sunlight reflecting plates 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d are arranged. , 4e oppose the solar cell panels 2a, 2b, 2c.

この実施形態の第１発電モードでは、各太陽光反射板４は、それぞれ対となる太陽電池パネル２に対して太陽光を投射する。例えば、太陽光反射板４ａ，４ｄと太陽電池パネル２ａとが対となり、太陽光反射板４ｂと太陽電池パネル２ｂとが対となり、太陽光反射板４ｃ，４ｅと太陽電池パネル２ｃとが対となり太陽光を反射しても良い。また、この実施形態の第２発電モードでは、発電モード制御部８が、各太陽電池パネル２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃの電圧値を参照して太陽光を集中する太陽電池パネル２を選択する。すなわち、図４に示すように、全ての太陽光反射板４ａ〜４ｅが太陽光を太陽電池パネル２ｂに集中させても良い。発電モード制御部８は、この場合に太陽電池パネル２ｂの電圧値が過剰となる場合には、太陽電池パネル２ａ及び２ｃを選択し、太陽光反射板４ａ，４ｂ，４ｄを太陽電池パネル２ａに向け、太陽光反射板４ｃ，４ｅを太陽電池パネル２ｃに向けて太陽光を反射しても良い。   In the first power generation mode of this embodiment, each sunlight reflecting plate 4 projects sunlight onto the solar cell panel 2 that forms a pair. For example, the solar reflectors 4a and 4d and the solar battery panel 2a are paired, the solar reflector 4b and the solar battery panel 2b are paired, and the solar reflectors 4c and 4e and the solar battery panel 2c are paired. Sunlight may be reflected. Moreover, in the 2nd electric power generation mode of this embodiment, the electric power generation mode control part 8 selects the solar cell panel 2 which concentrates sunlight with reference to the voltage value of each solar cell panel 2a, 2b, 2c. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, all the sunlight reflecting plates 4a to 4e may concentrate sunlight on the solar cell panel 2b. In this case, when the voltage value of the solar cell panel 2b becomes excessive, the power generation mode control unit 8 selects the solar cell panels 2a and 2c, and converts the solar reflectors 4a, 4b, and 4d into the solar cell panel 2a. The sunlight reflecting plates 4c and 4e may be directed toward the solar cell panel 2c to reflect sunlight.

図５に、放射照度（Ｗ／ｍ２）に対する太陽光発電の発電効率（Ｖｐ）を示す。図５の横軸は太陽の放射照度（Ｗ／ｍ２）を示す。真夏の直射日光の放射照度は、４４０Ｗ／ｍ２（１１０,０００ｌｕｘ）程度である（図５中“Ｘ”）。また、曇天午前１０時の太陽光の放射照度は、１００Ｗ／ｍ２（２５,０００ｌｕｘ）程度である（図５中“Ｙ”）。さらに、曇天日出１時間後の太陽光の放射照度は、４０Ｗ／ｍ２（１０,０００ｌｕｘ）程度である（図５中“Ｚ”）。このように、太陽光エネルギーが低下する雨天時や曇天時、夕闇時、或いは夜間時には、太陽光の放射照度は、真夏の直射日光の放射照度の１０分の１以下に低下し、その時の発電効率は０．２以下となることが分かる。 FIG. 5 shows the power generation efficiency (Vp) of solar power generation with respect to irradiance (W / m 2 ). The horizontal axis of FIG. 5 shows solar irradiance (W / m 2 ). The irradiance of direct sunlight in midsummer is about 440 W / m 2 (110,000 lux) (“X” in FIG. 5). Further, the irradiance of sunlight at 10 am on a cloudy day is about 100 W / m 2 (25,000 lux) (“Y” in FIG. 5). Furthermore, the irradiance of sunlight after 1 hour of cloudy sunrise is about 40 W / m 2 (10,000 lux) (“Z” in FIG. 5). In this way, during rainy weather, cloudy weather, dusk, or at night when the solar energy decreases, the irradiance of sunlight decreases to less than one-tenth of the irradiance of direct sunlight in midsummer, and power generation at that time It can be seen that the efficiency is 0.2 or less.

図３に示すように実施形態において、太陽光エネルギーを限定された太陽電池パネル２ｂに集光させることで発電効率を上げるという上述した効果を以下に具体的な数値例で示す。まず、３個の太陽電池パネル２ａ〜２ｃの有する個々の発電量をＷとし、発電効率をすべて１．０とする。第１発電モードでは発電効率は１．０であるので、太陽電池パネル２ａ〜２ｃ全体で最大３Ｗの発電量が得られる。一方、太陽光エネルギーが低下する雨天時や曇天時、夕闇時、或いは夜間時には、太陽電池パネル全体にほぼ一様に太陽光を投射させると各太陽電池パネル２ａ〜２ｃの発電効率が、例えば０．２程度に極端に低下する。その結果、太陽電池パネル２ａ〜２ｃ全体の発電量は０．６Ｗとなる。ここで太陽光反射板を第２発電モードに切り替えて、太陽電池パネル２ｂに太陽光エネルギーを集中させると太陽電池パネル２ｂの発電効率は１．０に上昇することから発電量は３．０Ｗとなり、第１発電モードの０．６Ｗのほぼ５倍になる。このように、太陽光による発電を効率的に行うことができる。   As shown in FIG. 3, in the embodiment, the above-described effect of increasing the power generation efficiency by concentrating solar energy on the limited solar cell panel 2b will be described below with specific numerical examples. First, it is assumed that the individual power generation amounts of the three solar cell panels 2a to 2c are W, and the power generation efficiency is 1.0. Since the power generation efficiency is 1.0 in the first power generation mode, a maximum power generation amount of 3 W can be obtained in the entire solar cell panels 2a to 2c. On the other hand, when it is raining, cloudy, dusk, or at night when the solar energy is reduced, the solar panel 2a to 2c has a power generation efficiency of, for example, 0 when the solar panel is projected almost uniformly. .It decreases extremely to about 2. As a result, the power generation amount of the entire solar cell panels 2a to 2c is 0.6W. Here, when the solar reflector is switched to the second power generation mode and the solar energy is concentrated on the solar cell panel 2b, the power generation efficiency of the solar cell panel 2b increases to 1.0, so the power generation amount becomes 3.0W. This is approximately 5 times the 0.6 W of the first power generation mode. In this way, power generation by sunlight can be performed efficiently.

傾き制御部７は、太陽位置センサー６により検出された太陽の方位に追従して反射板駆動部５を駆動させ、各太陽光反射板４の傾きを制御する。図２に示すように太陽光発電装置１の周辺には、太陽の方位を検知する太陽位置センサー６が設けられ、透明又は半透明なドーム状のカバーにより保護される。この太陽位置センサー６には、十字に設けられた４つの部屋１２内に太陽光センサー１１がそれぞれ設置される。この４つの太陽光センサー１１が受光した太陽光エネルギーの量の分布から太陽光の方位が求められる。   The tilt control unit 7 drives the reflector driving unit 5 following the direction of the sun detected by the sun position sensor 6 to control the tilt of each solar reflector 4. As shown in FIG. 2, a solar position sensor 6 that detects the direction of the sun is provided around the solar power generation device 1 and is protected by a transparent or translucent dome-shaped cover. The solar position sensor 6 is provided with a solar sensor 11 in each of four rooms 12 provided in a cross shape. The direction of sunlight is obtained from the distribution of the amount of solar energy received by the four solar sensors 11.

そして、図１に示すように、太陽光反射板４は平面上の２方向に傾斜可能な傾斜架台１２上に設置される。傾き制御部７は、傾き駆動部８を制御し、太陽位置センサー６により検出された太陽の方位に追従して太陽光反射板４が太陽の方位に向かうように傾斜架台１２を傾斜させる。その結果、太陽光反射板４を常に発電効率の良い方位に向けることができる。なお、太陽光センサー１１の数量は、本実施形態では４個とするが、太陽光反射板４を常に発電効率の良い方位に向けることができるのであれば、これに限らず、２個、或いは３個であっても良い。   And as shown in FIG. 1, the sunlight reflecting plate 4 is installed on the inclination mount frame 12 which can incline in two directions on a plane. The tilt control unit 7 controls the tilt driving unit 8 to tilt the tilt base 12 so that the solar light reflector 4 faces the sun direction following the sun direction detected by the sun position sensor 6. As a result, it is possible to always direct the solar reflector 4 in a direction with good power generation efficiency. Note that the number of the solar sensors 11 is four in the present embodiment. However, the number of the solar sensors 11 is not limited to this as long as the solar reflector 4 can be always directed in a direction with good power generation efficiency. Three may be sufficient.

１ 太陽光発電装置、２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃ，２ｄ，２ｅ 太陽電池パネル、３ パネル保持部、４ａ，４ｂ，４ｃ，４ｄ，４ｅ 太陽光反射板、５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃ，５ｄ，５ｅ 反射板駆動部、６ 太陽位置センサー、７ 傾き制御部、８ 発電モード制御部、９ 電圧計測部、１０ 太陽光発電部（太陽電池セル）、１１ 太陽光センサー、１２ 傾斜架台。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solar power generation device, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e Solar cell panel, 3 Panel holding part, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e Sunlight reflector, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e Reflector drive Unit, 6 solar position sensor, 7 tilt control unit, 8 power generation mode control unit, 9 voltage measurement unit, 10 solar power generation unit (solar cell), 11 solar sensor, 12 tilt mount.

Claims (5)

複数の太陽電池パネルと、
太陽光を反射させて太陽電池パネルに投射する複数の太陽光反射板と、
太陽光反射板の反射面の角度を変化させる反射板駆動部と、
太陽の方位に追従して、反射板駆動部を駆動させて太陽光反射板の傾きを制御する傾き制御部と、
複数の太陽電池パネルにそれぞれ太陽光を投射する第１の発電モードと、特定の太陽電池パネルに太陽光を集中して投射する第２の発電モードと、を選択して反射板駆動部を駆動させる発電モード制御部と、を備えることを特徴とする太陽光発電装置。 A plurality of solar panels;
A plurality of solar reflectors that reflect sunlight and project it onto the solar cell panel;
A reflector driving unit that changes the angle of the reflecting surface of the solar reflector,
An inclination control unit that controls the inclination of the solar reflector by driving the reflector drive unit following the direction of the sun,
The reflector driving unit is driven by selecting a first power generation mode in which sunlight is projected onto each of the plurality of solar cell panels and a second power generation mode in which sunlight is concentrated and projected onto a specific solar cell panel. And a power generation mode control unit. 請求項１に記載の太陽光発電装置であって、発電モード制御部は、太陽電池パネルの所定の電圧が予め定められた値以上である場合には第１の発電モードを選択し、太陽電池パネルの所定の電圧が予め定められた値を下回ると第２の発電モードに切り替えることを特徴とする太陽光発電装置。   The solar power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the power generation mode control unit selects the first power generation mode when the predetermined voltage of the solar cell panel is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, and the solar cell. When the predetermined voltage of the panel falls below a predetermined value, the photovoltaic power generation apparatus is switched to the second power generation mode. 請求項１又は２に記載の太陽光発電装置であって、第１の発電モードでは、各太陽光反射板は、それぞれ対となる太陽電池パネルに対して太陽光を投射することを特徴とする太陽光発電装置。   It is a solar power generation device of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising: In 1st power generation mode, each solar reflective plate projects sunlight with respect to the solar cell panel used as a pair, respectively. Solar power generator. 請求項１乃至３のいずれか１項に記載の太陽光発電装置であって、第２の発電モードでは、発電モード制御部は、各太陽電池パネルの電圧値を参照して太陽光を集中する太陽電池パネルを決定することを特徴とする太陽光発電装置。   It is a solar power generation device of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3, Comprising: In 2nd power generation mode, a power generation mode control part concentrates sunlight with reference to the voltage value of each solar cell panel. A solar power generation apparatus characterized by determining a solar battery panel. 請求項１乃至４のいずれか１項に記載の太陽光発電装置であって、太陽の方位を検知する太陽位置センサーを備え、傾き制御部は、太陽位置センサーにより検出された太陽の方位に追従して反射板駆動部を駆動させ、各太陽光反射板の傾きを制御することを特徴とする太陽光発電装置。   It is a solar power generation device of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4, Comprising: The solar position sensor which detects the azimuth | direction of a sun is provided, An inclination control part tracks the azimuth | direction of the sun detected by the solar position sensor. Then, the reflecting plate driving unit is driven to control the inclination of each sunlight reflecting plate.
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