JP2010218808A - Solar battery lighting system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce capacity in a storage battery existing in the antinomic relationship and secure lighting at night, and to accurately obtain a charge quantity of the storage battery by a little arithmetic operation quantity. <P>SOLUTION: The solar battery lighting system has a solar battery 120 generating electric power by the sunlight, a capacitor 140 charging the electric power generated by the solar battery 120, a light-emitting diode 160 lighted by the electric power charged by the capacitor 140, a voltage sensor 150 detecting voltage of the solar battery 120 and the capacitor 140, and a control part 170 for lighting the light-emitting diode 160 by set lighting output and turning off the light-emitting diode 160 when the voltage of the solar battery 120 becomes reference voltage or more, by setting the lighting output of the light-emitting diode 160 in response to the voltage of the capacitor 140 when the voltage of the solar battery 120 becomes less than the reference voltage. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar cell illumination device, and more particularly to a solar cell illumination device that charges a capacitor using a solar cell and turns on a light emitting diode (LED) with electric power charged in the capacitor.

  In recent years, with increasing awareness of environmental issues such as global warming, energy demand has shifted from the use of fossil energy to the use of solar energy. As for the power supply of the luminaires used outdoors, those using solar cells are increasing due to the growing awareness of environmental issues.

  When using solar cells as the power source for lighting equipment used outdoors, the amount of power generated by solar cells is greatly affected by the sun's sunshine conditions (weather and sunshine hours). In order to secure it, it is said that a storage battery with a charge capacity more than several times the power consumption of the lighting fixture is necessary.

  The invention described in the following Patent Document 1 grasps the amount of charge of the storage battery, increases the number of lighting of the light source when the amount of charging is large, decreases the number of lighting of the light source when the amount of charging is small, limited power of the storage battery Is used effectively.

  The invention described in the following Patent Document 2 calculates the charging rate of the storage battery at the time of the occurrence of an earthquake, and if the charging rate is equal to or less than a predetermined value, Patent Document 1 can ensure lighting at night for a predetermined number of days. As in the invention described in the above, the limited electric power of the storage battery is used effectively.

JP 2007-80699 A JP 2008-31178 A

  However, the conventional techniques disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 constitute a lighting device from the viewpoint of effectively using the power stored in the storage battery, but at night while suppressing the capacity of the storage battery as much as possible. The lighting device is not configured from the viewpoint of ensuring lighting. Since the capacity of the storage battery greatly affects the size, weight and price of the lighting device, the smaller the capacity of the storage battery, the smaller and lighter the lighting device can be and the lower the price. On the other hand, when the capacity of the storage battery becomes small, it becomes difficult to ensure lighting at night. There is a trade-off between reducing the capacity of storage batteries and ensuring lighting at night.

  In addition, the conventional techniques disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 use a chemical battery as a storage battery. Therefore, in order to accurately grasp the charge amount, the charge amount and the discharge amount must be continuously calculated. I must. Therefore, an arithmetic device capable of performing a complicated calculation only by grasping the amount of charge is required, and the calculation involves a large amount of power consumption.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and by using a solar cell to charge a capacitor and lighting the LED with the electric power charged in the capacitor, It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar battery lighting device that can simultaneously reduce the capacity of a storage battery and ensure lighting at night, and can accurately determine the amount of charge with a small amount of calculation.

  A solar battery lighting device according to the present invention includes a solar battery that generates power using sunlight, a capacitor that charges power generated by the solar battery, a light-emitting diode that is turned on by the power charged by the capacitor, and the voltage of the solar battery and the capacitor. When the voltage sensor to detect and the voltage of the solar battery is less than the reference voltage, the lighting output of the light emitting diode is set according to the voltage of the capacitor, and the light emitting diode is turned on with the set lighting output, while the voltage of the solar battery is And a control unit that turns off the light emitting diode when the voltage exceeds the reference voltage.

  Further, a solar cell lighting device according to the present invention includes a solar cell that generates power by sunlight, a capacitor that charges power generated by the solar cell, a light-emitting diode that is lit by the power charged by the capacitor, a solar cell and a capacitor. A voltage sensor that detects voltage, a human sensor that detects human approach, and when the solar cell voltage falls below the reference voltage, the lighting output of the light-emitting diode is set according to the voltage of the capacitor. A control unit that turns on the light emitting diode with the set lighting output only when the approach of the human being is detected by the sensor, and turns off the light emitting diode when the voltage of the solar cell exceeds the reference voltage. It is characterized by.

  According to the solar cell lighting device of the present invention, the power generated by the solar cell is charged in the capacitor, and the lighting output of the light emitting diode is set according to the amount of power charged in the capacitor. It becomes possible to simultaneously reduce the capacity of a certain storage battery and ensure lighting at night.

  Further, since the charge amount of the capacitor can be grasped only by detecting the voltage, the charge amount can be grasped accurately with a small amount of calculation.

1 is an external view of a solar cell lighting device according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is an external view of the lighting fixture shown in FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control system of the solar battery illumination device according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the solar battery illumination device according to the first embodiment. It is a subroutine flowchart of the step of S104 of FIG. 6 is an external view of a solar battery illumination device according to Embodiment 2. FIG. It is an external view of the lighting fixture shown in FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a control system of a solar battery lighting device according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the solar battery illumination device according to the second embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a solar cell lighting device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. In addition, the dimensional ratios in the drawings are exaggerated for convenience of explanation, and may be different from the actual ratios.

As embodiments of the solar cell illumination device, there are two embodiments: a solar cell illumination device that does not include a human sensor (Embodiment 1) and a solar cell illumination device that includes a human sensor (Embodiment 2). . Each embodiment will be described below.
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is an external view of a solar battery illumination device according to Embodiment 1. FIG. As shown in the figure, the solar cell illumination device according to Embodiment 1 functions as an outdoor lamp, particularly as an illumination lamp.

  The solar cell lighting device 100 includes a pole 110 installed outdoors, a solar cell 120 installed at one end of the pole 110, and a lighting fixture 130 attached to a body portion of the pole 110.

  The other end of the pole 110 is embedded in the foundation, and an anchor bolt frame 115 is provided for firmly fixing the pole 110 from the ground. In this embodiment, a pole having a diameter of 90 mm is used.

  Solar cell 120 is placed on a gantry. A long needle-shaped bird guard 125 is provided at one end of the solar cell 120. This is to protect the condensing surface of the solar cell 120 from bird droppings.

  The solar battery 120 functions as a power generation element that generates power by sunlight, while also functioning as an illuminance sensor that detects outdoor brightness. The voltage of the solar cell 120 changes according to the illuminance on the condensing surface. Therefore, by detecting the voltage of the solar cell 120, it can be easily determined whether it is sunset or sunrise. In the present embodiment, a solar battery 120 having a capacity of 10 W is used.

  The luminaire 130 includes a capacitor that charges the power generated by the solar cell 120, a voltage sensor that detects the voltage of the solar cell 120 and the capacitor, a light emitting diode that emits light, and a controller that controls the brightness of the light emitting diode. ing.

  In the present embodiment, a lithium ion capacitor having a capacity of 16.6 Wh in which two cells each having a capacity of 8.3 Wh are connected in parallel is used. Since a capacitor is a storage battery that charges power by a physical action, unlike a chemical battery such as a lithium ion secondary battery that charges power by a chemical action, the magnitude of the voltage V is proportional to the charge capacity Q. It has the characteristic.

Therefore, to detect the voltage V of the ^{capacitor, Q = CV 2/2 (} C is the capacitor capacitance) of only the calculation of the current charge capacity Q of the capacitor can be grasped instantaneously. That is, since the voltage V of the capacitor and the charging capacity Q are in a corresponding relationship, the brightness of the light emitting diode can be controlled by detecting the voltage of the capacitor.

  In addition, since the internal resistance of the capacitor is much smaller than that of a chemical battery, the capacitor has a feature that it can be charged even in cloudy or rainy weather with poor sunshine conditions.

  In the case of a chemical battery, since the internal resistance is larger than that of a capacitor, the power generated by the solar battery cannot be charged if the sunshine condition is bad. Therefore, in order to eliminate the days when the light emitting diodes are not lit at all, the storage capacity must be increased.

  However, in the case of a capacitor, since the internal resistance is smaller than that of a chemical battery, the power generated by the solar battery can be charged even if the sunshine condition is bad. The brightness of the light emitting diode can be controlled based on the voltage of the capacitor. Therefore, in order to eliminate the day when the light emitting diode does not light at all, a storage capacity as large as that of a chemical battery is not necessary.

  For the above reasons, the capacitor has a great advantage as a power source for an illumination lamp.

  In the first embodiment, one light emitting diode with 2 W output is used. There is a tendency to think that a 2 W light emitting diode is not suitable for an illuminating lamp due to insufficient illuminance. However, in the suburbs where the darkness becomes dark at night, even the light output from the 2 W light-emitting diode is felt sufficiently bright to human eyes. It is well known that the relationship between brightness and illuminance perceived by human eyes is logarithmic. For this reason, the brightness of the 20 W fluorescent lamp and the 2 W light emitting diode can be felt only by the human eye as a difference in brightness of about twice.

  Further, comparing the directivity of light between the fluorescent lamp and the light-emitting diode, a light beam is emitted over 360 degrees in the case of a fluorescent lamp (in the case of a straight tube type), but in the case of a light-emitting diode, it is wide. The luminous flux is emitted only in the range of about 130 degrees. For this reason, the light-emitting diode can use light more efficiently.

  Furthermore, the human eye has the characteristic that the pupil opens in a dark place and tries to capture as much light as possible.

  Therefore, a single 2 W light emitting diode is sufficient as an illumination lamp used in the suburbs.

  FIG. 2 is an external view of the lighting fixture 130 according to the first embodiment. As shown in the figure, the luminaire 130 is attached to the pole 110 by an attachment stay 135. The luminaire 130 is attached to the attachment stay 135 by screwing. The luminaire 130 is configured so that the angle attached to the stay 135 can be adjusted within a certain range. Therefore, the mounting angle of the lighting fixture 130 can be set according to the situation at the site.

  The lighting fixture 130 includes a case 132 made of aluminum and a transparent cover 134 made of polycarbonate. The case 132 houses a capacitor, a voltage sensor, a light emitting diode, and a control unit. The light-emitting diode is selected from a wide-angle type having a radiation angle of 130 degrees, a narrow-angle type having a directivity of 60 degrees, and a spot type having a directivity of 30 degrees. This is to adapt to the installation environment of the lighting. The light emitted from the light emitting diode is applied to the ground through the transparent cover 134.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control system of the solar battery illumination device according to the first embodiment.

  The control system of the solar battery illumination device includes a solar battery 120, a capacitor 140, a voltage sensor 150, a light emitting diode 160, and a control unit 170.

  The solar cell 120 has both a function as a power generation element that generates power by sunlight and a function as an illuminance sensor that detects outdoor brightness.

  The capacitor 140 is a storage battery that charges the power generated by the solar battery 120. Various types of capacitors 140 are conventionally known. In the first embodiment, an electric double layer capacitor is used.

  The voltage sensor 150 is a sensor that individually detects the voltage between the terminals of the solar cell 120 and the capacitor 140 (voltage between the + terminal and the − terminal). The voltage sensor 150 is built in a microcomputer constituting the control unit 170.

  The light emitting diode 160 is a light source that is turned on with the electric power stored in the capacitor 140 and illuminates the outdoors.

  The controller 170 sets the lighting output of the light emitting diode 160 according to the voltage of the capacitor 140 when the voltage of the solar cell 120 becomes lower than the reference voltage, and turns on the light emitting diode 160 with the set lighting output. Control is performed to turn off the light-emitting diode 160 when the voltage becomes higher than the reference voltage. Specifically, this control is performed by a microcomputer constituting the control unit 170.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the solar battery illumination device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a subroutine flowchart of step S104 of FIG.
Step S101
First, the capacitor 140 is charged by the solar battery 120 during the daytime. The solar battery 120 has a maximum power generation amount of 10 W / h if the sunshine condition is good. The electric power generated by the solar cell 120 charges the capacitor 140 having a capacity of 16.6 W / h. The capacitor 140 has a very small internal resistance compared to the chemical battery. Therefore, even in cloudy or rainy weather where the sunshine condition is bad, the capacitor 140 charges the power as long as the solar cell 120 generates even a small amount.
Step S102
The voltage sensor 150 detects the voltage between the terminals of the solar battery 120 and sends it to the controller 170. The controller 170 determines whether or not the terminal voltage of the solar cell 120 is less than the reference voltage. The reference voltage set in the controller 170 is a voltage for accurately determining sunset and sunrise based on the voltage between the terminals of the solar cell 120. The reference voltage may be the same voltage value for sunset and sunrise detection, or different voltage values may be used for sunset detection and sunrise detection.

  If the voltage between the terminals of the solar cell 120 is not less than the reference voltage (step S102: NO), it can be determined that the current is before sunset and after sunrise (in other words, daytime), so the power generated by the solar cell 120 is The capacitor 140 is charged.

On the other hand, if the voltage between the terminals of the solar cell 120 is less than the reference voltage (step S102: YES), it can be determined that the current is before sunset after sunset (in other words, at night). Proceed to the next process to light up.
Step S103
The voltage sensor 150 detects the voltage of the capacitor 140. The voltage sensor 150 detects the voltage V between the terminals of the capacitor 140 and sends it to the controller 170.
Step S104
The controller 170 sets the lighting output of the light emitting diode 160 based on the detected inter-terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140. The setting of the lighting output is performed as follows based on the subroutine flowchart of FIG.

  Control unit 170 determines whether or not terminal voltage V of capacitor 140 detected by voltage sensor 150 is between 100% and 92.5% of the rated voltage of capacitor 140. In the case of the first embodiment, a capacitor 140 having a rated voltage of 4.0 V is used. Therefore, the controller 170 determines whether or not the terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140 is between 4.0V and 3.7V (S301).

  When the inter-terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140 is between 100% and 92.5% of the rated voltage of the capacitor 140 (S301: YES), the control unit 170 uses 100% of the rated power of the light emitting diode 160. A lighting pattern that outputs 20% of the rated power after output for 3 hours is set as a lighting output (S302). In the case of the first embodiment, the current value supplied to the light emitting diode 160 is set to 250 mA, which is the rated current for 3 hours, and thereafter 50 mA, which is 20% of the rated current until sunrise.

  When the inter-terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140 is not between 100% and 92.5% of the rated voltage of the capacitor 140 (S301: NO), the controller 170 determines that the inter-terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140 is equal to the capacitor 140. It is determined whether the voltage is between 92.5% and 85% of the rated voltage. In the case of the first embodiment, it is determined whether or not the inter-terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140 is between 3.7V and 3.4V (S303).

  When the inter-terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140 is between 92.5% and 85% of the rated voltage of the capacitor 140 (S303: YES), the control unit 170 uses 70% of the rated power of the light emitting diode 160. A lighting pattern for outputting 14% of the rated power after output for 3 hours is set as a lighting output (S304). In the case of Embodiment 1, the current value supplied to the light emitting diode 160 is set to 175 mA, which is 70% of the rated current, for 3 hours, and thereafter, it is set to 35 mA, which is 14% of the rated current until sunrise.

  When the inter-terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140 is not between 92.5% and 85% of the rated voltage of the capacitor 140 (S303: NO), the controller 170 determines that the inter-terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140 is equal to the capacitor 140. It is determined whether the rated voltage is between 85% and 75%. In the case of the first embodiment, it is determined whether or not the inter-terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140 is between 3.4 V and 3.0 V (S305).

  When the inter-terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140 is between 85% and 75% of the rated voltage of the capacitor 140 (S305: YES), the control unit 170 supplies 50% of the rated power of the light emitting diode 160 for 3 hours. A lighting pattern for outputting 10% of the rated power after the output is set to the lighting output (S306). In the case of Embodiment 1, the current value supplied to the light-emitting diode 160 is set to 125 mA, which is 50% of the rated current, for 3 hours, and thereafter, is set to 35 mA, which is 10% of the rated current until sunrise.

  When the inter-terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140 is not between 85% and 75% of the rated voltage of the capacitor 140 (S305: NO), the controller 170 determines that the inter-terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140 is the rated voltage of the capacitor 140. It is determined whether the voltage is between 75% and 50%. In the case of the first embodiment, it is determined whether or not the inter-terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140 is between 3.0V-2.0V (S307).

  When the inter-terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140 is between 75% and 50% of the rated voltage of the capacitor 140 (S307: YES), the control unit 170 supplies 30% of the rated power of the light emitting diode 160 for 3 hours. A lighting pattern for outputting 6% of the rated power after the output is set to the lighting output (S308). In the case of the first embodiment, the current value supplied to the light emitting diode 160 is set to 75 mA, which is 30% of the rated current, for 3 hours, and thereafter, is set to 25 mA, which is 6% of the rated current until sunrise.

  When the inter-terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140 is not between 75% and 50% of the rated voltage of the capacitor 140 (S307: NO), the controller 170 executes an abnormality avoidance process (S309). For example, assuming that a serious failure that cannot normally be considered occurs, such as inability to generate power due to damage to the solar cell 120, disconnection of the wiring connecting the capacitor 140 and the control unit, or inability to supply power due to damage to the capacitor 140, the control unit 170, The light emitting diode 160 is turned off, and an abnormality occurrence lamp (not shown but attached to the case 132 shown in FIG. 2) is turned on.

  In addition, when the above lighting pattern is set to lighting output, it is impossible for calculation that the voltage of the capacitor 140 becomes 2.0V or less. However, in consideration of an emergency, the controller 170 suppresses the power supplied to the light-emitting diode 160 when the voltage of 2.1 V is detected so that the voltage of the capacitor 140 does not become 2.0 V or less. is there.

As described above, by setting the lighting output according to the voltage of the capacitor 140, the electric power charged in the capacitor 140 can be used to the maximum extent, and the capacity of the capacitor 140 can be reduced, reduced in weight, and reduced in cost. Can be realized.
Step S105
The controller 170 turns on the light emitting diode 160 with the lighting output set in step S104.
Step S106
The controller 170 determines whether or not the terminal voltage of the solar cell 120 is equal to or higher than the reference voltage.

  If the inter-terminal voltage of the solar cell 120 is not equal to or higher than the reference voltage (step S106: NO), it can be determined that the current time is after sunset and before sunrise (in other words, at night). The light emitting diode 160 is turned on with the turned on output.

On the other hand, if the inter-terminal voltage of solar cell 120 is equal to or higher than the reference voltage (step S106: YES), it can be determined that the current time is before sunset and after sunrise (in other words, during the day), so the process proceeds to the next process. .
Step S107
The controller 170 turns off the light emitting diode 160.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, when the voltage of the capacitor 140 is between 100% and 92.5% of the voltage when the capacitor 140 is fully charged, the light emitting diode 160 is turned on with 100% power for 3 hours. It will be lit at 20% of the rated power until sunrise. Further, when it is between 92.5% and 85%, the light-emitting diode 160 is lit at 70% of the rated power for 3 hours and then lit at 14% of the rated power until sunrise. When it is between 85% and 75%, the light emitting diode 160 is lit at 50% of the rated power for 3 hours and then lit at 10% of the rated power until sunrise. Further, when it is between 75% and 50%, the light emitting diode 160 is lit at 30% of the rated power for 3 hours and then lit at 6% of the rated power until sunrise.

  By illuminating the light emitting diode 160 with the above lighting pattern, the surroundings can be illuminated brightly for 3 hours from the busy sunset regardless of the weather, and then the minimum brightness is achieved. The surroundings can be illuminated while ensuring.

  There are two lighting methods for the light emitting diode 160: continuous lighting and pulse lighting. Continuous lighting is a method of lighting the light-emitting diode 160 with a constant luminance continuously in time similar to lighting a light bulb with a DC power supply. Pulse lighting is a method of lighting the light emitting diode 160 by repeatedly turning on and off at a constant cycle of about 1/100 second.

  Although the pulse lighting is adopted in the first embodiment, it goes without saying that continuous lighting may be adopted following the sunlight.

  In the first embodiment, the lighting time at high output is set to 3 hours. However, the lighting time may be set longer or shorter depending on the requirement of the installation location.

Further, in the first embodiment, the lighting pattern is set stepwise according to the voltage of the capacitor 140, but may be set steplessly according to the voltage of the capacitor 140. For example, according to the voltage of the capacitor 140 detected between 4.0V and 2.0V, the supply power of the light emitting diode 160 that is lit for 3 hours is continuously changed between 100% and 30%, and Thereafter, the power supplied to the light-emitting diode 160 that is subsequently turned on may be continuously changed between 20% and 6%.
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 6 is an external view of the solar battery illumination device according to the second embodiment. As shown in the drawing, the solar cell illumination device according to the second embodiment functions as an illumination lamp as in the first embodiment.

  The solar cell lighting device 100 includes a pole 110 installed outdoors, a solar cell 120 installed at one end of the pole 110, and a lighting fixture 130 attached to a body portion of the pole 110.

  Since the pole 110 and the solar cell 120 are the same as those in the first embodiment, their descriptions are omitted.

  The luminaire 130 includes a capacitor that charges the power generated by the solar cell 120, a voltage sensor that detects the voltage of the solar cell 120 and the capacitor, a light emitting diode that emits light, and a controller that controls the brightness of the light emitting diode. ing. The luminaire 130 includes a human sensor 180 that detects human approach.

  Since the capacitor, the voltage sensor, and the light emitting diode are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

  The human sensor 180 has a characteristic capable of detecting the presence of a human even at a distance from the solar cell illumination device 100 (about 5 m to 10 m) so that the solar cell illumination device 100 functions effectively as an illumination lamp.

  FIG. 7 is an external view of a lighting fixture 130 according to the second embodiment. As shown in the figure, the luminaire 130 is attached to the pole 110 by an attachment stay 135. The luminaire 130 is attached to the attachment stay 135 by screwing. The luminaire 130 is configured so that the angle attached to the stay 135 can be adjusted within a certain range. Therefore, the mounting angle of the lighting fixture 130 can be set according to the situation at the site. The human sensor 180 is attached to the lighting fixture 130 by a dedicated stay 182.

  Since the structure of the lighting fixture 130 and the thing accommodated in the lighting fixture 130 are the same as Embodiment 1, those description is abbreviate | omitted.

  FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a control system of the solar battery illumination device according to the first embodiment.

  The control system of the solar battery illumination device includes a solar battery 120, a capacitor 140, a voltage sensor 150, a light emitting diode 160, a control unit 170, and a human sensor 180.

  The solar cell 120 has both a function as a power generation element that generates power by sunlight and a function as an illuminance sensor that detects outdoor brightness.

  The capacitor 140 is a storage battery that charges the power generated by the solar battery 120. Various types of capacitors 140 are conventionally known. In the second embodiment, an electric double layer capacitor is used.

  The voltage sensor 150 is a sensor that individually detects the voltage between the terminals of the solar cell 120 and the capacitor 140 (voltage between the + terminal and the − terminal). The voltage sensor 150 is built in a microcomputer constituting the control unit 170.

  The light emitting diode 160 is a light source that is turned on with the electric power stored in the capacitor 140 and illuminates the outdoors.

  The human sensor 180 is a sensor that detects human approach.

  The controller 170 sets the lighting output of the light emitting diode 160 according to the voltage of the capacitor 140 when the voltage of the solar battery 120 becomes lower than the reference voltage, and when the human sensor 180 detects the approach of a human being. Only, the light emitting diode 160 is turned on with the set lighting output, while the light emitting diode 160 is turned off when the voltage of the solar cell 120 becomes equal to or higher than the reference voltage. Specifically, this control is performed by a microcomputer constituting the control unit 170.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the solar battery illumination device according to the first embodiment.
Step S201
First, the capacitor 140 is charged by the solar battery 120 during the daytime. Since the solar cell 120 and the capacitor 140 are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
Step S202
The voltage sensor 150 detects the voltage between the terminals of the solar battery 120 and sends it to the controller 170. The controller 170 determines whether or not the terminal voltage of the solar cell 120 is less than the reference voltage. The reference voltage set in the controller 170 is a voltage for accurately determining sunset and sunrise based on the voltage between the terminals of the solar cell 120. The reference voltage may be the same voltage value for sunset and sunrise detection, or different voltage values may be used for sunset detection and sunrise detection.

  If the inter-terminal voltage of solar cell 120 is not less than the reference voltage (step S202: NO), it can be determined that the current is before sunset and after sunrise (in other words, daytime). The capacitor 140 is charged.

On the other hand, if the voltage between the terminals of the solar cell 120 is less than the reference voltage (step S202: YES), it can be determined that the current time is after sunrise and before sunrise (in other words, at night), so the light emitting diode 160 has an appropriate lighting pattern. Proceed to the next process to light up.
Step S203
The voltage sensor 150 detects the voltage of the capacitor 140. The voltage sensor 150 detects the voltage V between the terminals of the capacitor 140 and sends it to the controller 170.
Step S204
The controller 170 sets the lighting output of the light emitting diode 160 based on the detected inter-terminal voltage V of the capacitor 140. The setting of the lighting output is as shown in the subroutine flowchart of FIG. 5 and is the same as that of the first embodiment, so that the description thereof is omitted.
Step S205
The controller 170 determines whether or not the human sensor 180 has detected human approach.

If no human approach is detected (step S205: NO), the process waits until a human approach is detected. On the other hand, if a human approach is detected (step S205: YES), the process proceeds to the next process in order to light the light emitting diode 160 with an appropriate lighting pattern.
Step S206
The controller 170 lights the light emitting diode 160 with the lighting output set in step S204.
Step S207
The controller 170 determines whether or not the terminal voltage of the solar cell 120 is equal to or higher than the reference voltage.

  If the voltage between the terminals of the solar cell 120 is not equal to or higher than the reference voltage (step S207: NO), it can be determined that the current time is after sunset and before sunrise (in other words, at night), so the process returns to step S205.

On the other hand, if the inter-terminal voltage of solar cell 120 is equal to or higher than the reference voltage (step S207: YES), it can be determined that the current time is before sunset and after sunrise (in other words, during the day), so the process proceeds to the next process. .
Step S208
The controller 170 turns off the light emitting diode 160.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, when the voltage of the capacitor 140 is between 100% and 92.5% of the fully charged voltage of the capacitor 140, the human sensor 180 approaches the human sensor 180 for 3 hours. The light-emitting diode 160 can be turned on with 100% power only when a human being is detected, and until then, the light-emitting diode 160 is only 20% of the rated power until the human sensor 180 is detected. It can be lit with the power of. Further, when it is between 92.5% and 85%, the light emitting diode 160 can be turned on with 70% of the rated power only when the human sensor 180 detects the human approach for 3 hours. After that, until the sunrise, the light emitting diode 160 can be turned on with 14% of the rated power only when the human sensor 180 detects the approach of a human.

  And when it is between 85% and 75%, the light emitting diode 160 can be lit at 50% of the rated power only when the human sensor 180 detects human approach for 3 hours. After that, until the sunrise, the light emitting diode 160 can be turned on with 10% of the rated power only when the human sensor 180 detects the human approach. Furthermore, when it is between 75% and 50%, the light emitting diode 160 is allowed to be powered at 30% of the rated power only when the human sensor 180 is detected by the human sensor 180 for 3 hours, and then the sunrise. Until then, the light emitting diode 160 can be turned on with 6% of the rated power only when the human sensor 180 detects the approach of a human.

  By turning on the light-emitting diode 160 with the lighting pattern as described above, regardless of the weather, it is possible to illuminate the surroundings brightly when a human approaches for 3 hours from a busy sunset, and then the human When approaching, it can illuminate the surroundings while ensuring minimum brightness.

  Although the pulse lighting is adopted in the second embodiment, it goes without saying that the continuous lighting may be adopted following the sunlight.

  In the second embodiment, the lighting time at high output is set to 3 hours. However, the lighting time may be set longer or shorter depending on the requirements of the installation location.

  Further, in the first embodiment, the lighting pattern is set stepwise according to the voltage of the capacitor 140, but may be set steplessly according to the voltage of the capacitor 140.

  In the first and second embodiments described above, the solar cell 120 is exemplified and described as a charging source for the capacitor 140. However, in addition to the solar cell 120, a device that converts natural energy into electricity, such as a wind power generator or a small hydroelectric generator, is used. It may be used as a charging source. This is because the device that converts natural energy into electricity is the same as the solar cell 120 in that the amount of power generation is left to nature.

  As described above, the present invention uses a capacitor that has a low internal resistance and can be charged even on a day with weak sunlight, and uses a simple physical property that uses the physical characteristic that the energy (charged amount) of the capacitor is proportional to the square of the voltage. Control is performed to reflect the daily charge amount obtained by the calculation method on the daily output of the light emitting diode. As a result, it is possible to control the output of the light-emitting diode in conjunction with the natural phenomenon of weather, and if the day continues to be bad, the lighting will be dark but will not turn on at all (the worst situation when the function as a lighting light will be zero) It can be eliminated with a capacitor having a small capacity.

100 solar cell lighting device,
110 Paul,
115 anchor bolt frame,
120 solar cells,
130 lighting fixtures,
132 cases,
134 Transparent cover,
135 stays,
140 capacitors,
150 voltage sensor,
160 light emitting diode,
170 control unit,
180 human sensor,
182 Stay.

Claims (4)

Solar cells that generate electricity by sunlight,
A capacitor for charging the power generated by the solar cell;
A light emitting diode that is lit by the power charged by the capacitor;
A voltage sensor for detecting voltages of the solar cell and the capacitor;
When the voltage of the solar cell becomes less than a reference voltage, the lighting output of the light emitting diode is set according to the voltage of the capacitor, and the light emitting diode is turned on with the set lighting output, while the voltage of the solar cell is the reference A control unit that turns off the light emitting diode when the voltage exceeds a voltage;
A solar battery lighting device comprising: Solar cells that generate electricity by sunlight,
A capacitor for charging the power generated by the solar cell;
A light emitting diode that is lit by the power charged by the capacitor;
A voltage sensor for detecting voltages of the solar cell and the capacitor;
A human sensor that detects human approach;
The lighting output of the light emitting diode is set according to the voltage of the capacitor when the voltage of the solar cell becomes lower than a reference voltage, and is set only when the human sensor detects the approach of a human being. A control unit that turns on the light emitting diode with a lighting output, and turns off the light emitting diode when the voltage of the solar cell becomes equal to or higher than a reference voltage;
A solar battery lighting device comprising: The controller is
When the voltage of the capacitor is between 100% and 92.5% of the voltage when the capacitor is fully charged, the power of 100% of the rated power of the light emitting diode is output for a certain time and then 20% of the rated power. A lighting pattern for outputting power is set to lighting output, and when it is between 92.5% and 85%, 70% of the rated power of the light emitting diode is output for a certain period of time and then 14% of the rated power Is set to a lighting output, and when it is between 85% and 75%, 50% of the rated power of the light emitting diode is output for a certain time, and then 10% of the rated power is output. The lighting pattern is set to lighting output, and when it is between 75% and 50%, 30% of the rated power of the light emitting diode is output for a certain time and then 6% of the rated power. Solar lighting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that to set the lighting pattern to output a force to the lighting output. The controller is
4. The solar cell illumination device according to claim 1, wherein the light emitting diode is continuously lit or pulsed with the lighting output. 5.

Images