JP2005354780A - Control device of power converter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a constitution such that a rush current does not flow to the input side of a DC voltage step-down means when a power converter such as a direct converter is fully cut off, and to expedite power saving, size reduction, weight reduction and cost reduction. <P>SOLUTION: This control device of a power converter comprises: a power feed means 60A that includes rectifying circuits 61, 63 that are connected to AC input and output sides of the direct converter 10 at their AC sides, and connected to each other via a DC intermediate circuit; the DC voltage step-down means 73 that decreases a voltage of the DC intermediate circuit; a AC-DC conversion means 81 that converts an AC power supply voltage to a DC voltage; an abnormality detection means 50 that detects an abnormality of the AC power supply voltage; and a control means 41 that outputs a control command for generating a drive pulse to the direct converter 10. When the power supply voltage is normal, power is fed to the control means 41 from the AC-DC conversion means 81, and when the power supply voltage is abnormal, power is fed to the control means 41 from the DC intermediate circuit by operating the DC voltage step-down means 73. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a control device for a power converter, for example, directly converts an AC voltage input from an AC power source into an AC voltage having an arbitrary magnitude and frequency without using a DC intermediate circuit having an energy buffer such as a capacitor. The present invention relates to a control device for improving the power supply means when an abnormality occurs in an AC power supply, in the control device for a direct converter that outputs the same.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a conventional control device of this type together with a main circuit.
In FIG. 3, 10 is a direct converter to be controlled, 20 is a three-phase AC motor as a load, 31 is a three-phase AC power source, and 32 is an input filter comprising a reactor and a capacitor. Here, the direct converter 10 includes, for example, a bidirectional semiconductor switch (reverse) between a three-phase (R, S, T phase) input side and a three-phase (U, V, W phase) output side. It is composed of a matrix converter or the like formed by connecting semiconductor switching elements or the like connected in parallel.

  41 is a control means for controlling the direct converter 10, for example, a virtual AC / DC / AC control system that assumes a virtual rectifier and a virtual inverter in the direct converter 10, and synthesizes and outputs PWM pulses for these. It is for realizing. That is, the control means 41 outputs the input current command and the output voltage command of the direct converter 10 as control commands, and the PWM pattern creation means 42 generates the virtual rectifier and the virtual inverter generated by comparing each command with the carrier, respectively. The PWM pulses for the semiconductor switching elements in the direct converter 10 are created by synthesizing the PWM pulses for.

  Reference numeral 50 denotes an abnormality detection means connected to the AC power supply 31, which detects an abnormality in the power supply voltage (power failure, voltage drop, etc.) and outputs an abnormality detection signal to the control means 41.

Now, this control device has a function of supplying power to the control means 41 even when an abnormality occurs in the AC power supply 31.
That is, reference numeral 60 denotes power supply means. The power supply means 60 includes a first rectifier circuit 61 whose AC side is connected to the output side of the input filter 32, and an energy absorbing capacitor 62 connected to its DC side. And a second rectifier circuit 63 in which the DC side is connected to both ends of the capacitor 62 and the AC side is connected to each phase terminal of the electric motor 20.
Further, a resistor 71 for preventing inrush current and a first electrolytic capacitor 72 are connected in series to both ends of the capacitor 62, and an input side of a DC voltage step-down means 73 comprising a step-down chopper or the like is connected to both ends of the electrolytic capacitor 72. ing. The second electrolytic capacitor 74 is connected to the output side of the DC voltage step-down means 73, and the control means 41 is connected to both ends thereof.

  A DC voltage obtained by rectifying the power supply voltage by the rectifier circuit 61 is constantly applied to the capacitor 62, and the voltage of the electrolytic capacitor 72 that is kept equal to the voltage of the capacitor 62 via the resistor 71 is predetermined by the DC step-down means 73. The voltage is stepped down to a value and supplied to the control means 41 through the electrolytic capacitor 74 as a power supply voltage.

Here, when an abnormality occurs in the power supply voltage, the abnormality detection means 50 detects this and sends an abnormality detection signal to the control means 41, and the control means 41 passes through the PWM pattern creation means 42 and switches the switching element of the direct converter 10. Is controlled to turn off all of them (hereinafter referred to as total shutoff).
At this time, the inductive energy accumulated in the winding of the electric motor 20 is supplied to the capacitor 62 through the rectifier circuit 63, and the voltage reaches several times the power supply voltage, but this voltage is electrolyzed through the resistor 71. The voltage is applied to the capacitor 72, stepped down by the DC voltage step-down means 73, and supplied to the control means 41 via the electrolytic capacitor 74.

  Due to the above action, even if an abnormality occurs in the power supply 31, if the DC intermediate voltage in the power supply means 60 does not drop significantly, a sufficient voltage is secured by the electrolytic capacitor 72 and the DC voltage step-down means 73 and the electrolytic capacitor 74 are secured. Power can be supplied to the control means 41 via the control means 41, and the control means 41 can continue to operate.

  The following Non-Patent Document 1 describes a technique for supplying power to the control means 41 using the DC intermediate voltage of the power supply means 60 having the rectifier circuits 61 and 63 as in FIG. ing.

C. Klumpner, F. Blaabjerg, “Experimental Evaluation of Ride-Through Capabilities for a Matrix Converter Under Short Power Interruptions”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 49, No. 2, 2002 (Fig. 2 etc.)

According to the configuration described in FIG. 3 and Non-Patent Document 1 described above, power consumption by the inrush current prevention resistor 71 hinders power saving.
Further, the electrolytic capacitor 72 that absorbs excessive energy generated on the DC side of the rectifier circuit 63 when the direct converter 10 is completely shut down requires a large component with a high withstand voltage, which increases the size of the entire apparatus. There is a problem that it causes an increase in costs.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, a problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a control device for a power converter that can continue power supply to the control means when a power supply abnormality occurs without using a resistor for preventing inrush current or a high withstand voltage and large electrolytic capacitor. Is to provide.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention described in claim 1 is a control device for a power converter that converts an alternating voltage into an alternating voltage of an arbitrary magnitude and frequency.
A power supply means having first and second rectifier circuits in which the alternating current side is connected to the alternating current input side and the alternating current output side of the power converter, and the direct current sides are connected to each other via a direct current intermediate circuit; DC voltage step-down means for stepping down the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit, AC-DC conversion means for converting AC power supply voltage to DC voltage, abnormality detection means for detecting an abnormality in the AC power supply voltage, and a drive pulse for the power converter Control means for outputting a control command for generating
When the AC power supply voltage is normal, power is supplied from the AC-DC conversion means to the control means, and when abnormality of the AC power supply voltage is detected by the abnormality detection means, the DC voltage step-down means is operated to Power is supplied to the control means via the DC voltage step-down means.

The invention described in claim 2 is a control device for a power converter that converts an alternating voltage into an alternating voltage of an arbitrary magnitude and frequency.
A power supply means comprising first and second rectifier circuits in which the AC side is connected to the AC input side and the AC output side of the power converter, respectively, and the DC sides are connected to each other via a DC intermediate circuit; AC-DC converting means for converting power supply voltage to DC voltage, DC voltage step-down means for stepping down the larger one of the output voltage of the AC-DC conversion output and the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit, and AC power supply voltage An abnormality detection means for detecting an abnormality, and a control means for outputting a control command for generating a drive pulse for the power converter,
When the AC power supply voltage is normal, power is supplied from the AC-DC conversion means to the control means via the DC voltage step-down means, and when abnormality of the AC power supply voltage is detected by the abnormality detection means, the DC intermediate circuit Power is supplied to the control means via a DC voltage step-down means.

The invention described in claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2,
When the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit decreases when an abnormality is detected in the AC power supply voltage, the control means outputs a regenerative operation command to increase the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit, or outputs a zero vector command to load current When the voltage reaches a specified value, all the semiconductor switching elements of the power converter are turned off to increase the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit.

The invention described in claim 4 is any one of claims 1 to 3,
The power supply means includes discharge means for discharging a capacitor provided in the DC intermediate circuit, and when the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit exceeds a specified value, operates the discharge means to The voltage is lowered.

The invention described in claim 5 is any one of claims 1 to 4,
When the abnormality of the AC power supply voltage is detected by the abnormality detection means, the control means alternately repeats the drive operation and the regenerative operation of the load by the power converter to keep the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit constant.

  In addition, as described in claim 6, the inventions of claims 1 to 5 are directed to a direct converter as a power converter that performs AC-AC conversion directly without having a DC intermediate circuit composed of an energy buffer such as a capacitor. Can be applied to.

In the present invention, when the AC power supply is normal, the AC-DC converting means supplies power to the control means. When the AC power supply is abnormal, the control means gives a regenerative operation command to the power converter, or gives a zero shutoff command after giving a zero vector command, thereby setting the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit in the power supply means to a predetermined value. Raise to. The DC intermediate voltage is stepped down by the DC voltage step-down means and supplied to the control means, thereby securing the power supply voltage of the control means when the power supply is abnormal.
When the DC intermediate voltage is lowered, the above operation is repeated to increase the DC intermediate voltage. When the voltage exceeds a specified value, the DC intermediate voltage is lowered by the operation of the discharging means. As a result, the DC intermediate voltage can be maintained at a substantially constant value. Note that the DC intermediate voltage can also be stabilized by repeating the drive operation and regenerative operation of the load when the power supply is abnormal.

  With these operations, an excessive voltage is not applied to the DC intermediate circuit of the power supply means, and it is necessary to provide a resistor for preventing inrush current and a high withstand voltage and large electrolytic capacitor on the input side of the DC voltage step-down circuit. As a result, the power loss due to the resistance can be eliminated, and the entire device can be reduced in size, weight, and cost.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention corresponding to claims 1, 3 to 6. The same components as those in FIG. In the following, different parts will be mainly described.
In the following embodiment, a case where the direct converter 10 is used as a power converter to be controlled will be described as in FIG.

In FIG. 1, 60A is a power supply means, and a discharge means 64 is added to the power supply means 60 in FIG. The discharging means 64 is configured by connecting a series circuit of a resistor 65 and a semiconductor switching element 66 in parallel with a capacitor 62.
Further, both ends of the capacitor 62 are directly connected to the DC voltage step-down means 73 without going through the inrush current preventing resistor 71 and the high withstand voltage large electrolytic capacitor 72 shown in FIG. An electrolytic capacitor 74 is connected via a diode 75. Here, the DC voltage step-down means 73 is stopped during normal operation, and is activated when an abnormality detection signal is input from the abnormality detection means 50.

  Further, AC-DC converting means 81 is connected to the three-phase AC power supply 31, and its output side is connected to the electrolytic capacitor 74 via a diode 82. That is, the DC voltage step-down means 73 and the AC-DC conversion means 81 are connected in parallel to the electrolytic capacitor 74 connected to the input side of the control means 41 via the diodes 75 and 82.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
When the power supply 31 is normal, the AC-DC conversion means 81 converts the AC power supply voltage into a predetermined DC voltage and supplies it to the electrolytic capacitor 74 via the diode 82, thereby supplying power to the control means 41. A control command is output from the control means 41 to the PWM pattern creating means 42, and the direct converter 10 is driven by the PWM pulse outputted from the creating means 42 to perform AC-AC direct conversion to the electric motor 20 to a predetermined size. And AC power having a frequency is supplied.

On the other hand, when the abnormality detection unit 50 detects a power supply abnormality due to a power failure, for example, an abnormality detection signal is input to the DC voltage step-down unit 73 and the control unit 41. As a result, the DC voltage step-down means 73 starts operating, and the AC-DC converting means 81 stops operating because the input voltage becomes zero.
The operation of the control means 41 at this time will be described later.
By the operation of the DC voltage step-down means 73, the DC intermediate voltage in the power supply means 60A is stepped down, and this voltage is applied to the electrolytic capacitor 74 via the diode 75. Therefore, the voltage of the electrolytic capacitor 74 can be used as the power supply voltage of the control means 41, and the control means 41 can be continuously operated even when the power supply is abnormal.

  As described above, when power is supplied from the DC intermediate circuit of the power supply means 60A to the control means 41 when the power supply is abnormal, the DC intermediate voltage of the power supply means 60A decreases. When the control means 41 detects that the DC intermediate voltage has decreased below a specified value, it outputs a regenerative operation command or a zero vector command to the PWM pattern creation means 42. Here, the zero vector command is a command mode in which all the upper or lower arms of the virtual inverter in the direct converter 10 are turned on to output a zero voltage vector.

When a regenerative operation command is given to the direct converter 10, power returns from the motor 20 side to the power source side, but regenerative energy is not supplied to the power source side when the power source is abnormal, so the regenerative energy is supplied via the rectifier circuit 63. It is supplied to the DC intermediate circuit of the supply means 60A and increases the DC intermediate voltage.
Further, when a zero vector command is given to the direct converter 10, the load current increases. Then, after the load current reaches a specified value, the control means 41 outputs a complete shut-off command to directly turn off all the switching elements of the converter 10, whereby inductive energy stored in the winding of the motor 20 is obtained. Is supplied to the DC intermediate circuit via the rectifier circuit 63. As a result, the DC intermediate voltage rises, so that the power supply to the control means 41 can be continued using this voltage.

  When the DC intermediate voltage of the power supply means 60A decreases again, the control operation according to the above-described commands (regenerative operation command or all shut-off command after the zero vector command) is performed again to perform the DC intermediate voltage of the power supply means 60A. The voltage can be raised, and power can be continuously supplied to the control means 41 by repeating this operation.

Further, when the voltage detection means (not shown) detects that the DC intermediate voltage exceeds the specified value, if the switching element 66 in the discharge means 64 is turned on and energy is consumed by the resistor 65, It is possible to keep the DC intermediate voltage below a specified value.
Further, if the electric motor 20 is driven (powered), the DC intermediate voltage is reduced by the power consumption of the control means 41. Therefore, the DC intermediate voltage is kept constant by alternately repeating the driving operation and the regenerative operation. As a result, a substantially constant power supply voltage can be continuously supplied to the control means 41.
In the present embodiment, the inductive energy from the motor 20 when the direct converter 10 is fully shut off is not supplied to the electrolytic capacitor 74 on the input side of the control means 41. There is no problem even if the parts are used.

Next, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention corresponding to claims 2 to 6.
The difference from the first embodiment of FIG. 1 will be mainly described. In the second embodiment, a DC voltage step-down means 73 is connected to the output side of the AC-DC converting means 81 via a diode 82, and the DC voltage is reduced. The input side of the step-down means 73 is connected to the DC intermediate circuit of the protection circuit 60 </ b> A via the diode 75. An electrolytic capacitor 74 is directly connected to the output side of the DC voltage step-down means 73.

  As described above, by connecting the AC-DC converting means 81 and the DC intermediate circuit in parallel to the input side of the DC voltage step-down means 73 via the diodes 82 and 75, the DC voltage step-down means 73 has an AC- DC power is supplied from the higher voltage of the DC conversion means 81 and the DC intermediate circuit.

  In this embodiment, when the power supply 31 is normal, power is supplied from the AC-DC conversion means 81 to the control means 41 via the diode 82 and the DC voltage step-down means 73. When a power failure such as a power failure occurs, the power supply voltage becomes zero, so the AC-DC conversion means 81 stops its operation and its output voltage also becomes zero, but the DC intermediate circuit 62 holds a predetermined voltage. If so, the power can be supplied from the DC voltage step-down means 73 to the control means 41 via the electrolytic capacitor 74 using the voltage.

  In this embodiment as well, when the power supply is abnormal, the control means 41 directly repeats the operation of outputting the full shut-off command after outputting the regenerative operation command or the zero vector command to the converter 10 as necessary. Similar to the first embodiment, the DC intermediate voltage is prevented from exceeding a specified value by the operation of the means 64, and the DC intermediate voltage is kept constant by repeating the driving operation and the regenerative operation.

As described above, according to each embodiment, an excessive voltage is not applied to the DC intermediate circuit of the power supply means, and an inrush current prevention is provided on the input side of the DC voltage step-down circuit as shown in FIG. It is not necessary to provide a resistor, a high withstand voltage and a large electrolytic capacitor.
In each embodiment, the case where a direct converter is used as a power converter to be controlled has been described. However, the principle of the present invention is that AC / DC is interposed via a DC intermediate circuit including an energy buffer such as a capacitor. The present invention can also be applied to a power converter that performs a / AC conversion.

1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows a prior art.

Explanation of symbols

10: Direct converter 20: AC motor 31: Three-phase AC power supply 32: Input filter 41: Control means 42: PWM pattern creation means 50: Abnormality detection means 60A: Power supply means 61, 63: Rectifier circuit 62: Capacitor 64: Discharge means 65: Resistance 66: Semiconductor switching element 73: DC voltage step-down means 74: Electrolytic capacitor 75: Diode 81: AC-DC conversion means 82: Diode

Claims (6)

In a control device for a power converter that converts an alternating voltage into an alternating voltage of any magnitude and frequency,
A power supply means having first and second rectifier circuits in which the alternating current side is connected to the alternating current input side and the alternating current output side of the power converter, and the direct current sides are connected to each other via a direct current intermediate circuit;
DC voltage step-down means for stepping down the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit;
AC-DC conversion means for converting AC power supply voltage to DC voltage;
An abnormality detection means for detecting an abnormality in the AC power supply voltage;
Control means for outputting a control command for generating a drive pulse for the power converter;
With
When the AC power supply voltage is normal, power is supplied from the AC-DC conversion means to the control means, and when abnormality of the AC power supply voltage is detected by the abnormality detection means, the DC voltage step-down means is operated to The power converter control device supplies power to the control means via the DC voltage step-down means. In a control device for a power converter that converts an alternating voltage into an alternating voltage of any magnitude and frequency,
A power supply means comprising first and second rectifier circuits in which the alternating current side is connected to the alternating current input side and the alternating current output side of the power converter, and the direct current sides are connected to each other via a direct current intermediate circuit;
AC-DC conversion means for converting AC power supply voltage to DC voltage;
DC voltage step-down means for stepping down the larger one of the output voltage of the AC-DC conversion output and the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit;
An abnormality detection means for detecting an abnormality in the AC power supply voltage;
Control means for outputting a control command for generating a drive pulse for the power converter;
With
When the AC power supply voltage is normal, power is supplied from the AC-DC conversion means to the control means via the DC voltage step-down means, and when abnormality of the AC power supply voltage is detected by the abnormality detection means, the DC intermediate circuit A control device for a power converter, wherein power is supplied to the control means via a DC voltage step-down means. In the control apparatus of the power converter according to claim 1 or 2,
When the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit drops when an AC power supply voltage abnormality is detected,
The control means outputs a regenerative operation command to increase the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit, or outputs a zero vector command to turn off all the semiconductor switching elements of the power converter when the load current reaches a specified value. And increasing the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit. In the control apparatus of the power converter as described in any one of Claims 1-3,
The power supply means includes discharge means for discharging a capacitor provided in the DC intermediate circuit,
An apparatus for controlling a power converter, wherein when the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit exceeds a specified value, the discharging means is operated to reduce the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit. In the control apparatus of the power converter as described in any one of Claims 1-4,
When the abnormality of the AC power supply voltage is detected by the abnormality detection unit, the control unit alternately repeats the driving operation and the regenerative operation of the load by the power converter to keep the voltage of the DC intermediate circuit constant. Control device for power converter. In the control apparatus of the power converter as described in any one of Claims 1-5,
The power converter is a direct converter that performs AC-AC conversion directly without having a DC intermediate circuit.

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