JP2000110048A - Opened yarn woven fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an opened yarn woven fabric excellent in resin impregnating properties and surface smoothness. SOLUTION: This opened yarn woven fabric is obtained by directly using a beltlike fibrous bundle T presubjected to an opening treatment and having a sufficiently nearly uniform width relatively to the thickness as a warp yarn and a weft yarn. The fibrous bundle T is sufficiently opened even in each crossing part of the warp yarn with the weft yarn and excellent in impregnating properties of a resin, scarcely causes the bending of the fiber bundle T in the crossing part and is reduced in stress concentration in the bent part. Thereby, the best use of mechanical characteristics of the fibrous bundle T can sufficiently be made to remarkably improve the surface smoothness of the woven fabric.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spread yarn woven fabric, and more particularly to a spread yarn woven fabric which is pre-spread and woven from a band-like fiber bundle having a substantially uniform width with respect to its thickness. In particular, it is useful in the technical field of weaving a woven fabric reinforcing material as a reinforcing material for a fiber-reinforced composite material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When molding a fiber-reinforced composite material,
As a reinforcing material, a woven fabric obtained by weaving a reinforcing fiber bundle such as carbon fiber or glass fiber is often used. This is because these fabric reinforcing materials have advantages that they are easy to handle, can reduce the laminating process, and can improve impact resistance by preventing delamination.

[0003] However, in the conventional woven fabric reinforcement, bending of the fiber bundle at the intersection of the warp and the weft is inevitable, and the mechanical properties inherent in the fiber bundle are likely to be impaired due to stress concentration at the bent portion. was there. In addition, unevenness was generated on the surface due to the bulging of the intersection of the weaving yarns, and when laminated to form a composite material, the uneven distribution of the reinforcing fibers was likely to cause a resin excess portion or a void portion, and there was a surface lacking reliability. .

On the other hand, the production cost of the carbon fiber bundle decreases as the number of single yarns increases (the fiber bundle becomes thicker) due to the manufacturing process. Therefore, if the woven reinforcing material is woven with a thick reinforcing fiber bundle, an inexpensive reinforcing material can be obtained.
However, the thicker the fiber bundle, the greater the bending at the intersection of the yarns, and the lower the resin impregnation in the fiber bundle, and the easier it is for defects such as voids in the laminated composite material to occur. Tend.

[0005] Therefore, to date, excellent surface smoothness,
There have been proposed a number of methods for producing a woven fabric reinforcing material for the purpose of providing a woven fabric reinforcing material having less bending at the intersections of the yarns. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-323832, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-2
81037, JP-A-8-127959, JP-A-8-127
No. 232135 describes a method of opening a woven fabric by applying a water jet to the surface of the woven fabric. Also, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-70420, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 145556/1995.
Japanese Patent No. 4-24116 describes a method of opening a woven fabric by applying ultrasonic waves in water.
No. 4 describes a method of opening a woven fabric using a rotary drum and water pressure.

However, in these conventional methods for producing a fabric reinforcing material, a reinforcing fiber bundle is once woven in a state of a multifilament yarn, and then a high-pressure fluid or ultrasonic waves are applied to the obtained woven fabric. Because the method is a method of opening the fiber bundle forming the woven structure, there is a limit to the opening width, and the opening of the fiber bundle at the intersection of the yarns must be insufficient. Therefore, there is a limit in reducing the degree of weft yarn bending at the intersection and improving the surface smoothness.Furthermore, breakage or misalignment of the single yarn of the fiber bundle is likely to occur due to the injection pressure of the high-pressure fluid or the like. However, there is a problem that the quality of the fiber reinforcing material is deteriorated.

Further, the conventional woven fabric reinforcing material has only a weft perpendicular to the warp, and when a fiber reinforced composite material having isotropic properties such as strength is to be formed, it is independent of the weaving direction. There is no other way than to diagonally laminate the fabric reinforcing material itself, and a large-area, high-quality fiber-reinforced composite material cannot be easily formed due to the weaving width.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional woven fabric reinforcing material, and has been opened in advance and has a substantially uniform thickness. It is an object of the present invention to provide an opened fiber woven fabric in which a band-shaped fiber bundle having a wide width is woven.

Another technical object of the present invention is to provide an opened yarn woven fabric in which a weft crosses a warp in addition to the above-mentioned problems.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention uses a band-shaped fiber bundle which has been spread in advance and has a substantially uniform width with respect to its thickness, as a warp and a weft. The technical means that the opened fiber woven fabric is woven is adopted.

Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention employs a technical means that the weft is oblique to the warp in addition to the above means as necessary.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention further comprises a carbon fiber bundle or glass fiber in which single fibers are slightly adhered to each other by a required sizing agent. The technical means of using a bundle or a ceramic fiber bundle was adopted.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. 1 is a partial plan view of the spread yarn fabric of the first embodiment according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic partial plan view of an apparatus used for manufacturing the spread yarn fabric of the present embodiment, and FIG. 4 and 5 are partial plan views showing the operation mechanism of each component of the apparatus, and FIG.
Is a partial side view showing an operation mechanism of the gripping means 1 of the device,
FIG. 7 is a partial side view showing the operation mechanism of the heald means 3 of the apparatus, FIG. 8 is a schematic partial side view of a modified example of the apparatus used for manufacturing the spread yarn fabric of this embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 10 is a schematic partial plan view of another modified example of the apparatus used for manufacturing the spread yarn fabric of the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a partial plan view of the spread yarn woven fabric according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which the band-shaped fiber bundle T is normally opened, and FIG. FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which the fiber bundle T is obliquely opened, FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view showing a state in which the band-shaped fiber bundle T is obliquely opened, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic partial plan view showing a state in which

"First Embodiment" As shown in FIG. 1, the spread yarn woven fabric of the present embodiment is obtained by forming a belt-like fiber bundle T having a substantially uniform width with respect to the thickness, which has been subjected to a spread treatment in advance. And a plain woven fabric in which the weft is orthogonal to the warp. Then, as this band-shaped fiber bundle T, 12000 7 μm carbon fibers obtained by the “spreading sheet manufacturing method (Japanese Patent Application No. 9-339113)” already filed by the present inventor, epoxy resin sizing Spreading thickness 0.05m
m, a carbon fiber bundle with a spread width of 18 mm is used (the original fiber bundle before the spread processing is 0.1 mm in thickness and 6.1 mm in width).
The spread fiber woven fabric of this embodiment is woven by the spread fiber fabric manufacturing apparatus described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 9 using the band-shaped fiber bundle T as a warp and a weft.

In the figure, what is indicated by reference numerals 1 and 2 are a pair of gripping means capable of gripping a warp group consisting of a plurality of warps (band-like fiber bundles T, T...) At predetermined intervals. As shown in FIG. 3, each gripping means is constituted by a pair of upper and lower clamp rolls which can move up and down, and when the warp group is opened, the pair of clamp rolls sandwiches and fixes the warp group.

The pair of gripping means 1 and 2
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, each can be oblique to the warp direction while maintaining a parallel relationship with each other, and one of the gripping means 1 reciprocates in a direction perpendicular to the gripping means 2 on the cloth fell side. They are arranged so that they can be translated.

That is, in this manufacturing apparatus, the gripping means 1 is arranged so as to be horizontally rotatable about the shaft 11 on the movable base 10, while the gripping means 2 on the cloth fell side is mounted on the shaft 21 on the fixed base 20. The movable base 10 itself that supports the gripping means 1 reciprocates along a horizontally rotatable track 13 between the shafts 12a and 12b. By doing
The gripping means 1 reciprocally translates in a direction perpendicular to the gripping means 2 on the cloth fell side. In the figure, the one designated by the reference numeral 14 is a belt-like fiber bundle T wound around the warp bobbin 15.
Are a pair of upper and lower delivery rolls capable of appropriately delivering a predetermined length as a warp group, and what is indicated by reference numeral 22 is a take-up roll to be wound around a woven woven fabric by a take-up bobbin 23.

In the figure, what is designated by the reference numeral 3 is a heald means for opening and closing a warp group by appropriately moving up and down each warp between the pair of gripping means 1 and 2. As shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 7, the heald means 3 of this embodiment can be obliquely oblique to the warp direction while maintaining a parallel relationship with the pair of grip means 1 and 2, and They are arranged so that they can be reciprocally translated in a direction perpendicular to the planes 1 and 2.

That is, the heald means 3, 3,...
It is erected upright on the base 30, and this base 30
The heald means 3 reciprocates along the orbits 31 horizontally rotatable by the shaft 32, so that the heald means 3 moves up and down on the base 30 and at the same time reciprocates in a direction perpendicular to the gripping means 1 and 2. They move in parallel. The heald means 3 of the present embodiment is configured so that it can be replaced as appropriate in accordance with the width of the belt-like fiber bundle T serving as a warp and the oblique angle of the weft with respect to the warp direction.

In the drawing, what is designated by reference numeral 4 is a weft inserting means for inserting a weft into the opening of the warp group. The weft insertion means 4 of the present embodiment includes a weft bobbin 42 in which a weft of a band-shaped fiber bundle T having a sufficient uniform width with respect to the thickness has been wound in advance and wound thereon, and a weft of the weft bobbin 42 It is composed of a weft gripping portion 43 that grips an end portion, and a rapier portion 44 that reciprocates the weft gripping portion 43.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the weft inserting means 4 is disposed so as to be oblique to the warp direction while maintaining a parallel relationship with the pair of gripping means 1 and 2. . That is, the weft bobbin 42 of the weft insertion means 4 of the present embodiment,
The weft holding portion 43 and the rapier portion 44 are provided on a base 40 that can be horizontally rotated by a shaft 41, and weft is inserted into the opening of the warp group in parallel with the holding means 1 and 2. In the drawing, what is indicated by reference numeral 45 is a cutter for cutting the root of the weft inserted into the opening.

In the figure, what is indicated by the reference numeral 5 is a pair of transfer means arranged on both sides of the warp group so as to be reciprocally movable in the warp direction. The weft inserted into the opening is conveyed in parallel to the position of the gripping means 2 on the cloth fell side.

As shown in FIG. 3, each transfer means 5 is constituted by a pair of upper and lower clamp plates which can be moved up and down, and the pair of clamp plates is used to form a belt-like fiber bundle T serving as a weft.
And fix it. Then, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the pair of tracks 52, 52 move sideways while maintaining a fixed interval via a lever 50 that can be horizontally rotated by the shaft 51, and the pair of tracks 52, 52 Along the reciprocating movement of the pair of transfer means 5 holding the weft, the weft is transferred in parallel to the position of the holding means 2 on the cloth fell side. In addition,
In FIGS. 2 and 3, what is indicated by reference numeral 6 is an adhesive tape for stopping ears of a woven fabric.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the opened yarn woven fabric of this embodiment, in which the wefts are orthogonal to the warps, first sets a group of warps by a pair of gripping means 1 and 2 of the manufacturing apparatus. The heald means 3 is moved up and down as appropriate while holding the yarn at an interval to open the warp group, the weft is inserted into the opening by the weft inserting means 4, and then the weft inserted by the pair of transfer means 5.5. Is gripped, the root of the weft is cut by a cutter 45, and the cut weft is transferred in parallel to the position of the holding means 2 on the cloth fell side by a pair of transfer means 5.5. Thereafter, the warp group is closed by the heald means 3, and the gripping means 1 on the warp bobbin 15 side and the gripping means 2 holding the cloth fell portion are used.
Are released, and the entire warp group is fed out by the width of the belt-like inorganic fiber bundle T of the weft. Thereafter, the warp group sent by the width of the weft is gripped again by the pair of gripping means 1 and 2, and these are repeated to be continuously woven.

[0026] In this manner, the belt-like fiber bundle T which has been preliminarily opened and thinned and flattened, and the single yarns are slightly adhered substantially parallel to each other by the sizing agent, and are uniformly drawn to a constant density without yarn breakage. Is woven as it is to produce a high-quality spread yarn fabric (see FIG. 1).

As described above, the spread yarn woven fabric of the present embodiment is
Since it is formed by directly weaving a thin and flattened band-shaped fiber bundle that has been opened beforehand, the fiber bundle is sufficiently opened even at the intersection of the warp and the weft, and has excellent resin impregnation. ing. In addition, since the fiber bundle is less bent at the intersection and the stress concentration on the bent portion is reduced, the mechanical properties of the fiber bundle can be fully utilized, and the surface smoothness of the woven fabric can be improved. Therefore, even when the composite material is formed by laminating, there is no occurrence of a resin excess portion or a void portion due to uneven distribution of the reinforcing fibers. Further, since the spread fiber woven fabric itself is thinly woven, drape property (property along the shape) which is important when used as a fabric reinforcing material can be remarkably improved.

Further, since the fiber bundle forming the woven structure is not subjected to the fiber opening treatment by the high-pressure fluid or the ultrasonic wave as in the conventional method, breakage of the fiber bundle single yarn due to these external forces, There is no eyesight. Also, if the fiber opening process is performed sufficiently thin and wide on the fine fiber bundle in advance, the spread yarn can be used as it is to produce a woven fabric, so that a high-quality woven fabric reinforcing material can be provided at low cost.

As described above, when weaving a spread yarn fabric in which the weft is orthogonal to the warp, if the pair of upper and lower clamp rolls of the gripping means 1 on the warp bobbin side are configured to be rotatable, respectively. The warp group can be fed by the width of the weft while the warp group is held by the holding means 1. Therefore, if a dancer roller as tension adjusting means 7 is arranged between the gripping means 1 and the delivery roll 14 as in the embodiment shown in FIG. It is also possible to open and close the warp group while keeping the position fixed.

As shown in FIG. 9, another weft bobbin 4 in which a weft composed of a different kind of band-shaped fiber bundle such as a glass fiber bundle is wound next to the weft bobbin 42 of the weft insertion means 4.
It is also possible to arrange the 2 ', and appropriately select the weft bobbin 42 and another weft bobbin 42' by the weft selection means 8 to weft each weft in a multicolor manner.

[Second Embodiment] The spread yarn woven fabric of the second embodiment is characterized in that the weft is oblique to the warp as shown in FIG. With reference to FIGS. 11 to 14, a description will be given of a manufacturing process of the spread yarn fabric of the second embodiment. Note that FIG.
Among through 13, those indicated by reference numeral F _1, F ₂ is the cloth fell line of valley folding state of woven strip sliver to be gripped by the gripping means 2 of the front T, by the symbol H _1, H ₂ What is indicated is a heald line in a mountain-fold state of the band-shaped fiber bundle T supported by the heald means 3, and what is indicated by reference numerals G ₁ and G ₂ is the band-shaped fiber to be gripped by the gripping means 1 on the warp bobbin side. It is a holding line in a valley folded state of the bundle T.

As is well known, when weaving a woven fabric in which the weft is orthogonal to the warp, the weaving direction is orthogonal to the warp direction, and as shown in FIG. cloth fell line F ₁ bundle T also be perpendicular to the warp direction. Therefore, if straightened by moving the strip-shaped fiber bundle T to the warp direction, smoothly without imparting twist to the strip-like fiber bundle T by heald line H ₁ and gripping line G ₁ parallel to the cloth fell line F ₁ warp Groups can be opened.

However, when weaving a woven fabric in which the weft is oblique to the warp, the weaving direction is oblique to the warp direction, and as shown in FIG. T of the cloth fell line F ₂ is also oblique with respect to the warp direction. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, in order to perform the opening operation without giving a twist to the band-shaped fiber bundle T,
Healds line H ₂ and gripping line G ₂ must also be parallel to the front line F ₂ woven by interlinked obliquely to the warp direction, moreover, each aperture operation at the same time heald line H ₂ and the gripping line G _2, woven It must reciprocally moved parallel to a direction perpendicular to the front line F _2. If here, heald line H ₂ and gripping line G which has interlinked obliquely relative to the warp direction
_{If 2} is moved in the warp direction in the same manner as in the case of the orthogonal weaving, the belt-like fiber bundle T is geometrically twisted.

As shown in FIG. 14, the opened yarn woven fabric of this embodiment in which the weft is oblique to the warp first has a pair of grips which are oblique to the warp direction while maintaining a parallel relationship with each other. In a state where the warp groups are gripped at predetermined intervals by the means 1 and 2, the heald means 3 parallel to the grip means is moved up and down, and at the same time, the heald means 3 and one of the grip means 1 are gripped on the cloth fell side. The warp group is slantly opened without imparting a twist to each belt-like fiber bundle T by being parallel-moved and approached in a direction perpendicular to the direction 2, and the weft insertion means 4 inserts the weft into the slant opening into the gripping means. Insert the weft parallel to it.

Then, the slanted weft inserted into the weft is gripped by the pair of transfer means 5.5, the root of the weft is cut by the cutter 45, and the cut weft is cut by the pair of transfer means 5.5 on the cloth fell side. The parallel transfer is performed to the position of the gripping means 2. Thereafter, the group of warps is closed by the heald means 3 to release the gripping state of the gripping means 1 on the warp bobbin 15 side and the gripping means 2 which has gripped the weave front. The fiber bundle T is sent out by the slant width. Thereafter, the sent warp group is again gripped by the pair of gripping means 1 and 2, and these are repeated to be continuously woven.

In this manner, the band-shaped fiber bundle T, which has been preliminarily opened and thinned and flattened, and the single yarns are slightly adhered to each other by the sizing agent almost in parallel to each other and are drawn to a constant density without yarn breakage, is left as it is. A woven, high-quality spread yarn fabric (see Fig. 10) is produced.

As described above, even in the spread yarn woven fabric of this embodiment in which the weft is oblique to the warp, it is formed by directly weaving the thin and flattened strip-shaped fiber bundle. Therefore, the fiber bundle is in a sufficiently spread state even at the intersection of the warp and the weft, and is excellent in resin impregnation. In addition, since the fiber bundle is less bent at the intersection and the stress concentration on the bent portion is reduced, the mechanical properties of the fiber bundle can be fully utilized, and the surface smoothness of the woven fabric can be improved. Therefore, even when the composite material is formed by laminating, there is no occurrence of a resin excess portion or a void portion due to uneven distribution of the reinforcing fibers. Further, since the spread fiber woven fabric itself is thinly woven, drape property (property along the shape) which is important when used as a fabric reinforcing material can be remarkably improved.

Further, since the fiber bundle forming the woven structure is not subjected to the opening treatment by the high-pressure fluid or the ultrasonic wave as in the conventional method, the breakage of the fiber bundle single yarn due to these external forces or the stitching There is no deviation. Also, if the fiber opening process is performed sufficiently thin and wide on the fine fiber bundle in advance, the spread yarn can be used as it is to produce a woven fabric, so that a high-quality woven fabric reinforcing material can be provided at low cost.

Further, since it is possible to provide an open fiber woven fabric in which the oblique angle of the weft with respect to the warp is freely changed to the market, it is possible to easily manufacture a woven fabric reinforcing material having the optimum strength direction for the purpose and application. And, even when trying to mold a fiber-reinforced composite material having isotropic properties such as strength,
Spreaded yarn woven fabrics with different oblique angles of the weft to the warp can be easily formed by laminating them in the same weaving direction, and a large area, high quality isotropic fiber reinforced composite material can be produced at low cost. Can be manufactured.

[0040]

As described above with reference to the embodiments, the spread fiber woven fabric of the present invention is formed by weaving a thin and flattened strip-shaped fiber bundle in advance as it is. The fiber bundle is fully opened at the intersection between the warp and the weft, and is extremely excellent in resin impregnation.Furthermore, there is little bending of the fiber bundle at this intersection and stress concentration on the bent part As a result, the mechanical properties of the fiber bundle can be fully utilized, and the surface smoothness of the woven fabric can be improved. No parts or voids occur.

Further, since the spread yarn woven fabric itself is thinly woven, the drape property (property along the shape), which is important when used as a fabric reinforcing material, can be remarkably improved. Since the fiber bundles forming the woven structure are not spread by fluid or ultrasonic waves, a high-quality woven fabric reinforcing material without breakage or misalignment of the fiber bundle single yarn due to these external forces is used. It can be provided at low cost.

Further, if necessary, an open-fiber woven fabric in which the weft is oblique to the warp and no twist stress is applied to the band-shaped fiber bundle can be provided to the market. Even when trying to form a fiber-reinforced composite material having anisotropy, it can be easily formed by laminating the spread yarn woven fabrics having different oblique angles of the weft to the warp while matching their weaving directions, A large-area, high-quality isotropic fiber-reinforced composite material can be manufactured relatively inexpensively.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial plan view of a spread yarn fabric of a first embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic partial plan view of an apparatus used for manufacturing the spread yarn fabric of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic partial side view of the same device.

FIG. 4 is a partial plan view showing an operation mechanism of each component of the apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a partial plan view showing an operation mechanism of each component of the apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a partial side view showing an operation mechanism of the gripping means 1 of the same device.

FIG. 7 is a partial side view showing an operation mechanism of the heald means 3 of the device.

FIG. 8 is a schematic partial side view of a modified example of the apparatus used for producing the spread yarn fabric of the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a schematic partial plan view of another modified example of the apparatus used for manufacturing the spread yarn fabric of the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a partial plan view of the spread yarn fabric of the second embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which the belt-like fiber bundle T is normally opened.

FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view showing a state where the band-shaped fiber bundle T is obliquely opened.

FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view showing a state where the band-shaped fiber bundle T is obliquely opened.

FIG. 14 is a schematic partial plan view showing a state in which oblique weaving is performed by the spread yarn woven fabric device of the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 T band-shaped fiber bundle 1.2 gripping means 3 heald means 4 weft inserting means 5 transfer means 7 tension adjusting means 8 weft selecting means

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An opened fiber woven fabric, wherein a band-shaped fiber bundle which has been previously opened and has a substantially uniform width with respect to its thickness is used and woven as a warp and a weft. 2. The spread yarn woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the weft is oblique to the warp. 3. The belt-shaped fiber bundle is a carbon fiber bundle, a glass fiber bundle or a ceramic fiber bundle in which single yarns are slightly adhered to each other by a required sizing agent. Spread yarn woven fabric.