ITTO20120325A1 - MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR STRESS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS WITHIN COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND FOR REMOTE TRANSMISSION OF SUCH MEASUREMENTS. - Google Patents

MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR STRESS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS WITHIN COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND FOR REMOTE TRANSMISSION OF SUCH MEASUREMENTS. Download PDF

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ITTO20120325A1
ITTO20120325A1 IT000325A ITTO20120325A ITTO20120325A1 IT TO20120325 A1 ITTO20120325 A1 IT TO20120325A1 IT 000325 A IT000325 A IT 000325A IT TO20120325 A ITTO20120325 A IT TO20120325A IT TO20120325 A1 ITTO20120325 A1 IT TO20120325A1
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Italy
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composite material
compatible
dispersed phase
sensors
antennas
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IT000325A
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Italian (it)
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Marco Bonvino
Guido Maisto
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Marco Bonvino
Guido Maisto
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Priority to IT000325A priority Critical patent/ITTO20120325A1/en
Publication of ITTO20120325A1 publication Critical patent/ITTO20120325A1/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M5/00Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
    • G01M5/0041Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress

Description

"SISTEMA PER LA MISURAZIONE DI "SYSTEM FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF

SOLLECITAZIONI E PARAMETRI AMBIENTALI ALL'INTERNO DI MATERIALI COMPOSITI E PER LA TRASMISSIONE A DISTANZA DI TALI MISURAZIONI". STRESSES AND ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS WITHIN COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND FOR THE DISTANCE TRANSMISSION OF SUCH MEASUREMENTS ".

DESCRIZIONE DESCRIPTION

La presente invenzione si riferisce ad un sistema di misurazione e trasmissione atto ad essere integrato in un materiale composito come parte o tutto della fase dispersa, allo scopo di misurare dall'interno del materiale composito le sollecitazioni meccaniche alle quali il materiale è sottoposto e di misurare diversi parametri ambientali all'interno del materiale stesso, e di trasmettere all'esterno di detto materiale composito le informazioni rilevate. The present invention refers to a measurement and transmission system suitable for being integrated into a composite material as part or all of the dispersed phase, in order to measure the mechanical stresses to which the material is subjected from within the composite material and to measure different environmental parameters inside the material itself, and to transmit the detected information to the outside of said composite material.

Il materiale composito in oggetto è costituito, a titolo a di esempio non limitativo, da fibre e/o tessuti di materiale impregnatile (quali ad esempio fibre/tessuti in fibra di The composite material in question consists, by way of non-limiting example, of fibers and / or fabrics of impregnable material (such as for example fibers / fabrics in fiber

carburo di silici silica carbide

basalto) con resine e/o colle (quali ad esempio poliesteri, vinilesteri, epossidiche, fenoliche) . basalt) with resins and / or glues (such as polyesters, vinyl esters, epoxies, phenolics).

E ' notò integrare sensori, e gli eventuali processori di segnale, in manufatti diversi allo scopo di rilevare dall'esterno tramite trasmissione via cavo o senza cavo informazioni riguardo le It is known to integrate sensors, and any signal processors, in different artifacts in order to detect from the outside via cable or wireless transmission information about the

sollecitazioni meccaniche che agiscono sul materiale di detto manufatto, introducendo, però, un corpo estraneo nel materiale stesso che ne altera la composizione e le caratteristiche. mechanical stresses which act on the material of said product, however introducing a foreign body in the material itself which alters its composition and characteristics.

E' altresì nota l'integrazione di sensori di deformazione all'interno di materiali compositi; attualmente si impiegano prevalentemente sensori in fibra ottica con reticoli di Bragg, che, rispetto agli estensimetri in lega metallica, possiedono caratteristiche chimico-fisiche tali da alterare in maniera meno gravosa le proprietà meccaniche del materiale composito. Allo stato dell'arte attuale tale integrazione rimane però problematica : The integration of deformation sensors within composite materials is also known; Currently, optical fiber sensors with Bragg gratings are mainly used, which, compared to strain gauges in metal alloy, have chemical-physical characteristics such as to alter the mechanical properties of the composite material in a less severe way. However, at the current state of the art, this integration remains problematic:

-sensori in fibra ottica con reticoli di Bragg influiscono sullo stato deformativo interno al composito, alterando cosi i valori rilevati, - fiber optic sensors with Bragg gratings affect the deformation state inside the composite, thus altering the detected values,

-dal momento che tali sensori ottici devono essere fisicamente collegati ad un generatore/lettore di segnale, i fili e cavi che fuoriescono dal manufatto in materiale composito attraverso la sua superficie, creano vie dì comunicazione tra esempio, l'ingresso di umidità. - since these optical sensors must be physically connected to a signal generator / reader, the wires and cables that come out of the composite material product through its surface, create communication paths, for example, the ingress of humidity.

- l'inserimento di fibre ottiche sotto forma di un cavo continuo crea una discontinuità lineare all'interno del manufatto in materiale composito, creando una potenziale linea di frattura, e lungo il cavo possono iniziare cedimenti della struttura . - the insertion of optical fibers in the form of a continuous cable creates a linear discontinuity inside the composite material product, creating a potential fracture line, and failure of the structure may begin along the cable.

- l'inserimento di tali sensori all'interno di un manufatto in materiale composito richiede un'accurata ingegneri zzazione, dal momento che i punti di rilevamento debbono essere scelti e decisi in fase progettuale, poiché non è possibile spostarli in un secondo momento, e le caratteristiche fisiche del manufatto subiranno modifiche (la struttura si indebolisce) che vanno preventivamente calcolate. - the insertion of these sensors inside a composite material product requires careful engineering, since the detection points must be chosen and decided in the design phase, since it is not possible to move them at a later time, and the physical characteristics of the building will undergo changes (the structure weakens) which must be calculated in advance.

-detti sensori in fibra ottica sono molto costosi. - these fiber optic sensors are very expensive.

E' altresì noto applicare sensori sulla superficie di manufatti, anche in materiale composito. Gli svantaggi dell'applicazione sulla superficie sono molteplici: It is also known to apply sensors on the surface of manufactured articles, also in composite material. The disadvantages of the application on the surface are many:

-il processo di applicazione, in particolar modo sui materiali compositi, risulta laborioso e difficile, - the application process, especially on composite materials, is laborious and difficult,

-i sensori sono esposti all'azione degli agenti esterni, - sensors are exposed to the action of external agents,

-i sensori tendono a scollarsi in un certo arco di tempo, e i dati raccolti, soprattutto dai sensori dì deformazione, perdono gradualmente di affidabilità - the sensors tend to become unglued over a certain period of time, and the data collected, especially from the deformation sensors, gradually lose reliability

La presente invenzione risponde alle necessità più sentite e risponde in modo innovativo a molti dei problemi sopra esposti. L'impiego di materiali compositi si sta diffondendo sempre più in moltissimi campi, quali ad esempio l'edilizia civile, sia per le nuove costruzioni che per il restauro o il consolidamento di quelle esistenti. The present invention responds to the most felt needs and responds in an innovative way to many of the above problems. The use of composite materials is spreading more and more in many fields, such as civil construction, both for new buildings and for the restoration or consolidation of existing ones.

In questo specifico settore risultano di grandissima importanza la possibilità di poter misurare costantemente le sollecitazioni alle quali è sottoposto un manufatto in materiale composito al suo interno nonché la possibilità di misurare costantemente le caratteristiche ambientali interne di detto materiale, in maniera affidabile ma flessibile ed a un costo contenuto. In this specific sector, the possibility of being able to constantly measure the stresses to which a composite material product is subjected inside it is of great importance as well as the possibility of constantly measuring the internal environmental characteristics of said material, in a reliable but flexible way and to a low cost.

Il primo scopo della presente invenzione è quello di dare una risposta valida alle esigenze sopra specificate e di migliorare il controllo strutturale e l'affidabilità di manufatti in materiale composito. The first object of the present invention is to provide a valid response to the above-specified requirements and to improve the structural control and reliability of manufactured articles made of composite material.

Un secondo scopo dell'invenzione consiste nell'inserire durante il processo di produzione un'elettronica miniaturizzata ed integrata all'interno di un manufatto in materiale composito, in grado di identificare in maniera inequivocabile tale manufatto, paragonabile ad un vero e proprio documento d'identità . A second object of the invention consists in inserting, during the production process, a miniaturized and integrated electronics inside a composite material product, capable of unequivocally identifying this product, comparable to a real document of identity.

Un terzo scopo dell'invenzione è la possibilità di memorizzare nel manufatto in materiale composito stesso dati storici, relativi ad esempio alle sollecitazioni meccaniche o alle temperature e ai valori di umidità registrati all'interno durante processi di cottura e/o in condizioni di pressione controllata . A third object of the invention is the possibility of storing historical data in the composite material product itself, relating for example to mechanical stresses or to the temperatures and humidity values recorded inside during firing processes and / or under controlled pressure conditions. .

Un ulteriore scopo dell'invenzione consiste nel semplificare il processo di ingegnerizzazione riguardo alla distribuzione dei punti e delle zone da monitorare :grazie alla ottima compatibilità e al costo contenuto del sistema oggetto della presente invenzione, è possibile inserire un grande numero di unità durante il processo di costruzione del manufatto, e la lettura delle informazioni raccolte da ogni singola unità avverrà di volta in volta secondo le esigenze. A further object of the invention is to simplify the engineering process regarding the distribution of the points and areas to be monitored: thanks to the excellent compatibility and low cost of the system object of the present invention, it is possible to insert a large number of units during the process. construction of the artifact, and the reading of the information collected by each individual unit will take place from time to time according to needs.

Per compatibilità si intende la possibilità che i componenti del sistema, realizzati in fibra impregnabile e conduttiva (ad esempio fibra di carbonio o fibra di titanio) e con componenti elettronici incapsulati in matrice impregnabile (ad esempio epossidica) vengano impregnati dalla matrice (ad esempio resine e/o colle epossidiche, poliesteri, vinile steri, fenoliche) cosi come la rimanente parte della fase dispersa di detto composito, qualora presente : l'utilizzo e l'inserimento del sistema cosi realizzato non altera quindi le caratteristiche del composito dal punto di vista meccanico e non costituisce un potenziale punto di debolezza del composito stesso. Compatibility means the possibility that the system components, made of impregnable and conductive fiber (for example carbon fiber or titanium fiber) and with electronic components encapsulated in an impregnable matrix (for example epoxy) are impregnated by the matrix (for example resins and / or epoxy, polyester, vinyl ester, phenolic glues) as well as the remaining part of the dispersed phase of said composite, if present: the use and insertion of the system thus created does not alter the characteristics of the composite from the point of view mechanical and does not constitute a potential weakness of the composite itself.

Questi ed altri scopi della presente invenzione vengono raggiunti tramite un sistema di misurazione e trasmissione integrabile all'interno di un materiale composito durante la fase di costruzione del materiale stesso, atto a rilevare dall'interno le sollecitazioni alle quali viene sottoposto il manufatto nel quale il sistema è integrato, oltre che a rilevare i valori di uno o più parametri ambientali all'interno tale manufatto in materiale composito. These and other purposes of the present invention are achieved by means of a measurement and transmission system that can be integrated into a composite material during the construction phase of the material itself, capable of detecting from the inside the stresses to which the product is subjected in which the the system is integrated, as well as detecting the values of one or more environmental parameters within this composite material product.

Con riferimento al disegno annesso (Tavola 1) , che ne illustra un esempio di realizzazione non limitativo, il sistema (1) è caratterizzato dal fatto di comprendere i seguenti elementi: With reference to the attached drawing (Table 1), which illustrates a non-limiting example of implementation, system (1) is characterized by the fact that it includes the following elements:

-uno o più sensori di deformazione (2), realizzati con fibra impregnabile e elettricamente conduttiva e compatibile con la matrice di detto materiale composito e compatibile con la eventuale altra parte della fase dispersa di detto materiale composito (ad esempio realizzati in fibra di carbonio), -one or more deformation sensors (2), made with impregnable and electrically conductive fiber and compatible with the matrix of said composite material and compatible with any other part of the dispersed phase of said composite material (for example made of carbon fiber) ,

-uno o più sensori (3) in grado di rilevare uno o più parametri ambientali all'interno di detto materiale composito, realizzati in un materiale compatibile con la matrice e con la eventuale altra parte della fase dispersa, - one or more sensors (3) capable of detecting one or more environmental parameters within said composite material, made of a material compatible with the matrix and with any other part of the dispersed phase,

-un'elettronica integrata (4), in grado di leggere le informazioni raccolte da detti sensori (2) e/o (3) e ritrasmetterle all'esterno attraverso una o più antenne (5) quando colpita attraverso dette antenne (5) da una emissione modulata di onde elettromagnetiche o quando alimentata da una sorgente di energia, - an integrated electronics (4), capable of reading the information collected by said sensors (2) and / or (3) and retransmitting them to the outside through one or more antennas (5) when hit through said antennas (5) to be a modulated emission of electromagnetic waves or when powered by an energy source,

-uno o più antenne (5), realizzate con fibra impregnabile e elettricamente conduttiva e compatibile con la matrice di detto materiale composito e compatibile con la eventuale altra parte della fase dispersa di detto materiale composito (ad esèmpio realizzate in fibra di carbonio). -one or more antennas (5), made with impregnable and electrically conductive fiber and compatible with the matrix of said composite material and compatible with any other part of the dispersed phase of said composite material (for example made of carbon fiber).

Questi elementi sono collegati tra loro in maniera opportuna, in modo tale che l'elettronica integrata rileva i valori dei sensori e li trasmette attraverso la o le antenne quando attivata/e. L'elettronica non richiede necessariamente alimentazione elettrica propria, ma può ricavare l'energia necessaria da un'emissione modulata di onde elettromagnetiche proveniente dall'esterno e contenente la richiesta di informazioni; in alternativa può essere dotata di sorgente di energia autonoma, a perdere o ricaricabile. These elements are connected to each other in an appropriate manner, so that the integrated electronics detect the values of the sensors and transmit them through the antenna (s) when activated. Electronics do not necessarily require its own electrical power supply, but can obtain the necessary energy from a modulated emission of electromagnetic waves coming from the outside and containing the request for information; alternatively it can be equipped with an autonomous, disposable or rechargeable energy source.

Nella figura 1 viene, a tìtolo esemplificativo, illustrato una versione del sistema nella quale l'elettronica non possiede un'alimentazione elettrica propria. In questa configurazione il sistema conferisce a un manufatto in materiale composito caratteristiche di "risonanza", vale a dire che il materiale composito emette un'informazione sotto forma di onde elettromagnetiche quando investito da un'emissione radio modulata secondo codice specifico, senza necessità di sorgente di energia propria ma rimodulando l'emissione radio proveniente dall'esterno ("risonando") . Figure 1 illustrates, by way of example, a version of the system in which the electronics do not have their own electrical power supply. In this configuration, the system gives a composite material product "resonance" characteristics, that is to say that the composite material emits information in the form of electromagnetic waves when hit by a radio emission modulated according to specific code, without the need for a source of its own energy but remodeling the radio emission coming from the outside ("resonating").

Una delle caratteristiche fondamentali del sistema è la omogeneità dei suoi componenti con il materiale composito nel quale viene integrato come fase dispersa, in modo da non compromettere le caratteristiche chimico-fisiche del manufatto. One of the fundamental characteristics of the system is the homogeneity of its components with the composite material in which it is integrated as a dispersed phase, so as not to compromise the chemical-physical characteristics of the product.

inserimento in un manufatto di materiale composito: il numero dei sensori da inserire e la profondità delle loro posizioni nel materiale non sono vincolati da necessità strutturali. L' ingegnerizzazione di un eventuale monitoraggio di un manufatto in materiale composito viene notevolmente facilitata da questa caratteristica del sistema. Inoltre si può decidere a posteriori e in ogni momento quali delle unità presenti nel manufatto andare a leggere. insertion in a composite material product: the number of sensors to be inserted and the depth of their positions in the material are not constrained by structural needs. The engineering of a possible monitoring of a composite material product is considerably facilitated by this characteristic of the system. Furthermore, it is possible to decide afterwards and at any time which of the units present in the artifact to read.

La o le antenne e uno o più sensori possono fisicamente coincidere . The antenna (s) and one or more sensors can physically coincide.

Dal momento che il sistema viene integrato come fase dispersa all'interno di un manufatto in materiale composito, esso è protetto dalle aggressioni di agenti esterni ; la sua durata nel tempo risulta quindi essere la stessa del manufatto in cui si trova, e il suo grado di protezione dagli agenti esterni è determinato dalla resistenza del materiale che costituisce il manufatto stesso a detti agenti esterni. Since the system is integrated as a dispersed phase inside a composite material product, it is protected from the aggression of external agents; its duration over time is therefore the same as the product in which it is located, and its degree of protection from external agents is determined by the resistance of the material that constitutes the product itself to said external agents.

L'assenza di collegamenti fisici con l'esterno, quali ad esempio fili o cavi, previene il rischio di infiltrazioni lungo queste "vie di comunicazione" tra l'esterno e l'interno del materiale, potenzialmente in grado di deteriorarlo. Questo risulta particolarmente importante per certe misurazioni come ad esempio quella dell'umidità all'interno del manufatto : la misurazione non viene falsata da infiltrazioni lungo fili o cavi collegati con l'esterno. The absence of physical connections with the outside, such as wires or cables, prevents the risk of infiltrations along these "communication routes" between the outside and inside of the material, potentially capable of deteriorating it. This is particularly important for certain measurements such as that of the humidity inside the product: the measurement is not distorted by infiltrations along wires or cables connected to the outside.

L'elettronica può integrare una memoria non volatile, in grado di memorizzare dati di identificazione permanenti e valori rilevati dai sensori durante determinate fasi della vita del manufatto in materiale composito. The electronics can integrate a non-volatile memory, capable of storing permanent identification data and values detected by the sensors during certain phases of the life of the composite material product.

Il sistema impiega un software proprietario, appositamente sviluppato per la lettura, l'elaborazione e la trasmissione delle informazioni rilevati dai sensori, tramite specifici algoritmi di campionamento, filtraggio e normalizzazione (es. in funzione della temperatura interna al manufatto in materiale composito) delle informazioni ricevute dall'elettronica interna. The system uses proprietary software, specially developed for the reading, processing and transmission of the information detected by the sensors, through specific sampling, filtering and normalization algorithms (e.g. as a function of the internal temperature of the composite material product) of the information received from the internal electronics.

Il sistema è caratterizzato dal fatto che detto sistema può essere calibrato, reimpostato, interrogato dall'esterno con 1' impiego di tecniche non-invasive. The system is characterized by the fact that said system can be calibrated, reset, interrogated from the outside with the use of non-invasive techniques.

Il sistema collabora con un ricetrasmettitore da posizionare in prossimità ma sempre all'esterno del materiale composito, che interroga (fornendo contemporaneamente, se necessario, l'energia richiesta) l'elettronica interna. The system collaborates with a transceiver to be positioned near but always outside the composite material, which interrogates (simultaneously supplying, if necessary, the required energy) the internal electronics.

Il sistema, per le sue caratteristiche di semplicità e grazie all'impiego di materiali altamente compatibili con i più diffusi materiali compositi, è producibile industrialmente a basso costo e The system, due to its characteristics of simplicity and thanks to the use of materials highly compatible with the most common composite materials, can be industrially produced at low cost and

quindi utilizzabile in quantità, ad esempio disponendone un numero prestabilito per unità di superficie su fogli di materiale impregnabile utilizzati per la produzione di laminati. therefore it can be used in quantities, for example by arranging a predetermined number per surface unit on sheets of impregnable material used for the production of laminates.

Claims (7)

RIVENDICAZIONI DI INVENZIONE INDUSTRIALE Avente per titolo : SISTEMA PER LA MISURAZIONE DI SOLLECITAZIONI E PARAMETRI AMBIENTALI ALL'INTERNO DI MATERIALI COMPOSITI E PER LA TRASMISSIONE A DISTANZA DI TALI MISURAZIONI". RIVENDICAZIONI 1) Sistema di misurazione e trasmissione (1), integrato in un materiale composito come parte o tutto della fase dispersa, in grado di rilevare le sollecitazioni meccaniche a cui detto materiale composito è sottoposto e/o una o più caratteristiche ambientali all'interno di detto materiale composito e di trasmettere i dati così rilevati all'esterno di detto materiale composito,caratterizzato dal fatto che detto sistema è composto da: uno o più sensori di deformazione {2}, realizzati con fibra impregnabile e elettricamente conduttiva e compatibile con la matrice di detto materiale composito e compatibile con la eventuale altra parte della fase dispersa di detto materiale composito (ad esempio realizzati in fibra di carbonio), uno o più sensori (3) in grado di rilevare uno o più parametri ambientali all'interno di detto materiale composito, realizzati in un materiale compatibile con la matrice e con la eventuale altra parte della fase dispersa, uno o più antenne (4), realizzate con fibra impregnabile e elettricamente conduttiva e compatibile con la matrice di detto materiale composito e compatibile con la eventuale altra parte della fase dispersa di detto materiale composito (ad esempio realizzate in fibra di carbonio, un'elettronica integrata (5), in grado di leggere le informazioni raccolte da detti sensori (2) e/o (3) e ritrasmetterle all'esterno attraverso una o più antenne (4) quando colpita attraverso dette antenne (4) da una emissione modulata di onde elettromagnetiche o quando alimentata da una sorgente di energia. 2) Sistema secondo la rivendicazione 1, caratterizzato dal fatto che uno stesso elemento realizzato con detta fibra può comportarsi indifferentemente come detto sensore di deformazione (2}o come detta antenna (4). 3) Sistema secondo una delle precedenti rivendicazioni 1 o 2, caratterizzato dal fatto che detto sistema comprende un'elettronica integrata che può memorizzare dati di identificazione di detto materiale composito in forma non volatile e non manipolabile, protetti da codifica e leggibili dall'esterno solo con ricetrasmettitori abilitati . 4)Sistema secondo una qualsiasi delle rivendicazioni precedenti, caratterizzato dal fatto che detto sistema impiega un software proprietario, appositamente sviluppato per la lettura e l'elaborazione delle informazioni raccolte e trasmesse da detto sistema (1) , tramite specifici algoritmi di campionamento, filtraggio e normalizzazione. 5) Struttura in materiale composito caratterizzato dal fatto di comprendere un sistema di misurazione e trasmissione (1) secondo una delle precedenti rivendicazioni . 6) Struttura in materiale composito caratterizzato dal fatto di comprendere un sistema di misurazione e trasmissione (1) disposto in modo da conferire a detto materiale composito caratteristiche di "risonanza", tali per cui detto materiale composito diviene capace di emette informazioni sotto forma di onde elettromagnetiche quando investito da un'emissione radio modulata secondo codice specifico, rimodulando l'emissione radio proveniente dall'esterno {"risonando"). in materia<'>composita comprendente un sistema di misurazione e trasmissione (1) caratterizzato dal fatto di comprendere le fasi di: predisporre uno o più sensori di deformazione (2), realizzati con fibra impregnabile e elettricamente conduttiva e compatibile con la matrice di detto materiale composito e compatibile con la eventuale altra parte della fase dispersa di detto materiale composito (ad esempio realizzati in fibra di carbonio), predisporre uno o più sensori (3) in grado di rilevare una o più caratteristiche ambientali all'interno di detto materiale composito, realizzati in un materiale compatibile con la matrice e con la eventuale altra parte della fase dispersa, predisporre uno o più antenne (4), realizzate con fibra impregnabile e elettricamente conduttiva e compatibile con la matrice di detto materiale composito e compatibile con la eventuale altra parte della fase dispersa di detto materiale composito (ad esempio realizzate in fibra di carbonio), predisporre un'elettronica integrata (5), in grado di leggere le informazioni raccolte da detti sensori (2) e/o (3) e ritrasmetterle all'esterno attraverso una o più antenne (4) quando colpita attraverso dette antenne (4) \ da una emissione modulata di onde elettromagnetiche o quando alimentata da una sorgente di energia, collegare detti elementi maniera opportuna, ovvero collegare sia il/i sensori che la/le antenne ed eventuali altri elementi all'elettronica integrata, 8) Procedimento per l'utilizzo del sistema secondo la rivendicazione 1 consistente nelle fasi di: integrare detti elementi nel materiale composito durante la realizzazione dello stesso materiale composito, anziché essere applicati in un secondo momento, in modo da diventare parte integrante di detto materialo composito. inserire detto sistema composto da detti elementi durante la realizzazione di un manufatto in materiale composito incorporando detto sistema alla profondità desiderata calibrare, reimpostare, interrogare detto sistema dall'esterno di detto materiale composito tramite 1' impiego di tecniche non-invasive. CLAIMS OF THE INDUSTRIAL INVETION Title: "SYSTEM FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF STRESS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS INSIDE OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND FOR THE TELEMETRY OF THESE MEASUREMENTS" . CLAIMS 1) A measurement and transmission system(l), integrated into a composite material as part or all of the dispersed phase, capable of measuring at the inside the mechanical stress to which said composite material is subjected and / or detect one or more environmental parameters inside said composite material, and to transmit the data thus recorded outside of said composite material, said system comprising: -one or more deformation sensors (2), made of impregnable and electrically conductive fiber which is compatible with the matrix of said composite material and is compatible with any other possible part of the dispersed phase of said composite material (for example made of carbon fiber), -one or more sensors (3) able to detect one or more environmental parameters inside said composite material and made of a material compatible with the matrix and with the possible other part of the dispersed phase, -one or more antennas (4) , made of impregnable and electrically conductive fiber which is compatible with the matrix of said composite material and is compatible with any other possible part of the dispersed phase of said composite material (for example, made of carbon fiber) -integrated system on chip (5), able to read the information collected by said sensors (2) and / or (3) and retransmit them to the outside through one or more antennas (4) when hit through said antennas by a modulated emission of electromagnetic waves or when powered by a source of energy . CLAIMS OF INDUSTRIAL INVENTION With the title: SYSTEM FOR MEASURING STRESS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS WITHIN COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND FOR THE REMOTE TRANSMISSION OF SUCH MEASUREMENTS ". CLAIMS 1) Measurement and transmission system (1), integrated in a composite material as part or all of the dispersed phase, capable of detecting the mechanical stresses to which said composite material is subjected and / or one or more environmental characteristics within said composite material and to transmit the data thus detected to the outside of said composite material, characterized in that said system is composed of: one or more deformation sensors {2}, made with impregnable and electrically conductive fiber and compatible with the matrix of said composite material and compatible with any other part of the dispersed phase of said composite material (for example made of carbon fiber), one or more sensors (3) capable of detecting one or more environmental parameters within said composite material, made of a material compatible with the matrix and with any other part of the dispersed phase, one or more antennas (4), made with impregnable and electrically conductive fiber and compatible with the matrix of said composite material and compatible with any other part of the dispersed phase of said composite material (for example made of carbon fiber, an integrated electronics (5), capable of reading the information collected by said sensors (2) and / or (3) and retransmitting it to the outside through one or more antennas (4) when hit through said antennas (4) by a modulated emission of electromagnetic waves or when powered by an energy source. 2) System according to claim 1, characterized in that the same element made with said fiber can behave indifferently as said deformation sensor (2} or as said antenna (4). 3) System according to one of the preceding claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said system comprises integrated electronics which can store identification data of said composite material in a non-volatile and non-manipulable form, protected by coding and readable from the outside only with enabled transceivers. 4) System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said system employs proprietary software, specially developed for reading and processing the information collected and transmitted by said system (1), by means of specific sampling, filtering and normalization. 5) Structure in composite material characterized in that it comprises a measuring and transmission system (1) according to one of the preceding claims. 6) Structure in composite material characterized in that it comprises a measurement and transmission system (1) arranged in such a way as to give said composite material "resonance" characteristics, such that said composite material becomes capable of emitting information in the form of waves electromagnetic when hit by a radio emission modulated according to a specific code, reshaping the radio emission coming from the outside ("resonating"). in composite matter comprising a measurement and transmission system (1) characterized by the fact of including the steps of: prepare one or more deformation sensors (2), made with impregnable and electrically conductive fiber and compatible with the matrix of said composite material and compatible with any other part of the dispersed phase of said composite material (for example made of carbon fiber) , arrange one or more sensors (3) capable of detecting one or more environmental characteristics within said composite material, made of a material compatible with the matrix and with any other part of the dispersed phase, prepare one or more antennas (4), made with impregnable and electrically conductive fiber and compatible with the matrix of said composite material and compatible with any other part of the dispersed phase of said composite material (for example made of carbon fiber), prepare integrated electronics (5), capable of reading the information collected by said sensors (2) and / or (3) and retransmitting them to the outside through one or more antennas (4) when hit through said antennas (4) \ by a modulated emission of electromagnetic waves or when powered by an energy source, connect these elements in an appropriate manner, i.e. connect both the sensor (s) and the antenna (s) and any other elements to the integrated electronics, 8) Process for using the system according to claim 1 consisting of the steps of: integrating said elements in the composite material during the production of the same composite material, rather than being applied at a later time, so as to become an integral part of said composite material. inserting said system composed of said elements during the production of a composite material product by incorporating said system at the desired depth calibrating, resetting, interrogating said system from the outside of said composite material through the use of non-invasive techniques. CLAIMS OF THE INDUSTRIAL INVETION Title: "SYSTEM FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF STRESS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS INSIDE OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND FOR THE TELEMETRY OF THESE MEASUREMENTS". CLAIMS 1) A measurement and transmission system (l), integrated into a composite material as part or all of the dispersed phase, capable of measuring at the inside the mechanical stress to which said composite material is subjected and / or detect one or more environmental parameters inside said composite material, and to transmit the data thus recorded outside of said composite material, said system comprising: -one or more deformation sensors (2), made of impregnable and electrically conductive fiber which is compatible with the matrix of said composite material and is compatible with any other possible part of the dispersed phase of said composite material (for example made of carbon fiber), -one or more sensors (3) able to detect one or more environmental parameters inside said composite material and made of a material compatible with the matrix and with the possible other part of the dispersed phase, -one or more antennas (4), made of impregnable and electrically conductive fiber which is compatible with the matrix of said composite material and is compatible with any other possible part of the dispersed phase of said composite material (for example, made of carbon fiber ) -integrated system on chip (5), able to read the information collected by said sensors (2) and / or (3) and retransmit them to the outside through one or more antennas (4) when hit through said antennas by a modulated emission of electromagnetic waves or when powered by a source of energy. 2) A system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the same element of the system made of said fiber can act either as said deformation sensor (2) or as said antenna (4). 2) A system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the same element of the system made of said fiber can act either as said deformation sensor (2) or as said antenna (4). 3) System according to one of the preceding claims 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that said system comprises an integrated system on chip that can store in a nonvolatile and non-manipulatable way identification information about said composite material, protected by encryption and readable from the outside only with enabled transceivers . 3) System according to one of the preceding claims 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that said system comprises an integrated system on chip that can store in a nonvolatile and non-manipulatable way identification information about said composite material, protected by encryption and readable from the outside only with enabled transceivers. 4) System according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that said system employs a proprietary software, specifically developed for the reading and processing of the information collected and transmitted by said system (1), by means of specific algorithms for sampling, filtering and normalization. 4) System according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that said system employs a proprietary software, specifically developed for the reading and processing of the information collected and transmitted by said system (1), by means of specific algorithms for sampling , filtering and normalization. 5) Structure of composite material characterized by comprising a measurement and transmission system (1) according to one of the preceding claims. 5) Structure of composite material characterized by comprising a measurement and transmission system (1) according to one of the preceding claims. 6) Structure of composite material characterized by comprising a measurement and transmission system (1) arranged in a suitable manner to confer to said composite material characteristics of "resonance", such that said composite material becomes capable of emitting information in the form of electromagnetic waves when hit by a radio emission modulated according to a specific code, rimodulating the radio emission coming from the outside ("resounding") . 6) Structure of composite material characterized by comprising a measurement and transmission system (1) arranged in a suitable manner to confer to said composite material characteristics of "resonance", such that said composite material becomes capable of emitting information in the form of electromagnetic waves when hit by a radio emission modulated according to a specific code, rimodulating the radio emission coming from the outside ("resounding"). 7) A method for making a structure in composite material comprising a measurement and transmission system (1) characterized by comprising the following steps: - Preparing one or more deformation sensors (2), made of impregnable and electrically conductive fiber which is compatible with the matrix of said composite material and is compatible with the possible other part of the dispersed phase of said composite material (for example made of carbon fiber ), - Preparing one or more sensors (3) able to detect one or more environmental characteristics within said composite material, made of a material compatible with the matrix and with the possible other part of the dispersed phase, Preparing one or more antennas (4), made of impregnable and electrically conductive fiber which is compatible with the matrix of said composite material and is compatible with the possible other part of the dispersed phase of said composite material (for example, made of carbon fiber), - Preparing an integrated system on chip (5), able to read the information collected by said sensors (2) and / or (3) and retransmit them to the outside through one or more antennas (4) when hit through said antennas (4) by a modulated emission of electromagnetic waves or when powered by a source of energy, - Connecting said elements in an appropriate manner, that is connecting both the sensor/s and antenna/s and any other possible elements to the integrated system on chip 8) A process for the use of the system according to claim 1 consisting of the following steps: Incorporating said elements in the composite material during the realization of the same composite material, instead of being applied at a later time, so as to become an integral part of said composite material. - Inserting said system consisting of said elements during the making of an artifact in composite material incorporating said system to the desired depth - Calibrating, resetting, interrogating said system from the outside of said composite material through the use of non-invasive techniques.7) A method for making a structure in composite material comprising a measurement and transmission system (1) characterized by comprising the following steps: - Preparing one or more deformation sensors (2), made of impregnable and electrically conductive fiber which is compatible with the matrix of said composite material and is compatible with the possible other part of the dispersed phase of said composite material (for example made of carbon fiber), - Preparing one or more sensors (3) able to detect one or more environmental characteristics within said composite material, made of a material compatible with the matrix and with the possible other part of the dispersed phase, Preparing one or more antennas (4), made of impregnable and electrically conductive fiber which is compatible with the matrix of said composite material and is compatible with the possible other part of the dispersed phase of said composite material (for example, made of carbon fiber ), - Preparing an integrated system on chip (5), able to read the information collected by said sensors (2) and / or (3) and retransmit them to the outside through one or more antennas (4) when hit through said antennas (4 ) by a modulated emission of electromagnetic waves or when powered by a source of energy, - Connecting said elements in an appropriate manner, that is connecting both the sensor / s and antenna / s and any other possible elements to the integrated system on chip 8) A process for the use of the system according to claim 1 consisting of the following steps: Incorporating said elements in the composite material during the realization of the same composite material, instead of being applied at a later time, so as to become an integral part of said composite material. - Inserting said system consisting of said elements during the making of an artifact in composite material incorporating said system to the desired depth - Calibrating, resetting, interrogating said system from the outside of said composite material through the use of non-invasive techniques.
IT000325A 2012-04-13 2012-04-13 MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR STRESS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS WITHIN COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND FOR REMOTE TRANSMISSION OF SUCH MEASUREMENTS. ITTO20120325A1 (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004053464A1 (en) * 2002-12-09 2004-06-24 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Embedded nanotube array sensor and method of making a nanotube polymer composite
WO2004068095A1 (en) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-12 Fabio Sarchi Wireless structural health monitoring with elongated carbon fiber or matrix sensor
US20070118335A1 (en) * 2005-11-23 2007-05-24 Lockheed Martin Corporation System to monitor the health of a structure, sensor nodes, program product, and related methods

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004053464A1 (en) * 2002-12-09 2004-06-24 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Embedded nanotube array sensor and method of making a nanotube polymer composite
WO2004068095A1 (en) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-12 Fabio Sarchi Wireless structural health monitoring with elongated carbon fiber or matrix sensor
US20070118335A1 (en) * 2005-11-23 2007-05-24 Lockheed Martin Corporation System to monitor the health of a structure, sensor nodes, program product, and related methods

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